Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs
Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A patient is receiving instructions regarding the use of caffeine. The nurse shares that caffeine
should be used with caution if which of these conditions is present? a. A history of peptic ulcers b. Migraine headaches c. Asthma d. A history of kidney stones ANS: A
Caffeine should be used with caution by patients who have histories of peptic ulcers or cardiac dysrhythmias or who have recently had myocardial infarctions. The other conditions are not contraindications to the use of caffeine. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 2. A patient who started taking orlistat (Xenical) 1 month ago calls the clinic to report some
“embarrassing” adverse effects. She tells the nurse that she has had episodes of “not being able to control my bowel movements.” Which statement is true about this situation? a. These are expected adverse effects that will eventually diminish. b. The patient will need to stop this drug immediately if these adverse effects are occurring. c. The patient will need to increase her fat intake to prevent these adverse effects. d. The patient will need to restrict fat intake to less than 30% to help reduce these adverse effects. ANS: D
Restricting dietary intake of fat to less than 30% of total calories can help reduce some of the GI adverse effects, which include oily spotting, flatulence, and fecal incontinence. The other options are incorrect. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 3. A 6-year-old boy has been started on an extended-release form of methylphenidate hydrochloride
(Ritalin) for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). During a followup visit, his mother tells the nurse that she has been giving the medication at bedtime so that it will be “in his system” when he goes to school the next morning. What is the nurse’s appropriate evaluation of the mother’s actions? a. She is giving him the medication dosage appropriately. b. The medication should not be taken until he is at school. c. The medication should be taken with meals for optimal absorption. d. The medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia.
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