Physical Examination and Health Assessment 8th Edition 0323510809
Chapter 20: Heart and Neck Vessels Jarvis: Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called? a. Myocardium b. Pericardium c. Endocardium d. Pleural space ANS: B
The pericardium is a tough, fibrous double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It has two layers that contain a few milliliters of serous pericardial fluid. The myocardium is the muscular wall of the heart. The endocardium is the thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves. The pleural space is the space between the visceral and parietal pleura of each lung. The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is the pericardium. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 2. The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these? a. Vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → pulmonary artery → left
atrium → left ventricle
b. Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary vein →
left atrium → left ventricle
c. Aorta → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → pulmonary vein → left atrium
→ left ventricle → vena cava
d. Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein → lungs → pulmonary artery →
left atrium → left ventricle
ANS: B
Returning blood from the body empties into the right atrium and flows into the right ventricle and then goes to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The lungs oxygenate the blood, and it is then returned to the left atrium through the pulmonary vein. The blood goes from there to the left ventricle and then out to the body through the aorta. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 3. The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which statement
best describes what is meant by atrial kick? a. The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves. b. Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation. c. Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during systole. d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the ventricles.
Chapter 20 - Heart and Neck Vessels
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