Physical Examination and Health Assessment 8th Edition 0323510809
Chapter 22: Abdomen Jarvis: Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse is percussing the seventh right intercostal space at the midclavicular line over the
liver. Which sound should the nurse expect to hear? a. Tympany b. Dullness c. Resonance d. Hyperresonance ANS: B
Abdominal percussion is performed to assess the relative density of abdominal contents, locate organs, and screen for abnormal fluid or masses in the abdomen. The liver is a solid organ which is located in the right upper quadrant and would elicit a dull percussion note. Tympany is heard over air-filled organs such as the stomach and intestines. It is the predominant sound that should be heard over the intestines because air in the intestines rises to the surface when the person is supine. Resonance is a low-pitched, clear, hollow sound that predominates in health lung tissue. Hyperresonance is a lower-pitched, booming sound found when too much air is present such as with gaseous distention of the intestines in the abdomen or emphysema in the lungs. Since the liver is a solid organ located in the right upper quadrant, it should elicit a dull sound when percussed. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. Which structure is located in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen? a. Liver b. Duodenum c. Gallbladder d. Sigmoid colon ANS: D
The sigmoid colon is located in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. The duodenum, or first part of the small intestine, and the gallbladder are located in the right upper abdominal quadrant. The sigmoid colon then is the structure that is located in the left lower abdominal quadrant. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. A patient is having difficulty swallowing medications and food. How should the nurse
document this? a. Aphasia b. Anorexia c. Dysphasia d. Dysphagia ANS: D
Chapter 22 - Abdomen
269
