Physical Examination and Health Assessment 8th Edition 0323510809
Chapter 26: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate Jarvis: Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which statement concerning the anal canal is true? a. Slants backward toward the sacrum b. Contains hair and sebaceous glands c. Approximately 2 cm long in the adult d. The outlet for the gastrointestinal tract ANS: D
The anal canal is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract and is approximately 3.8 cm long in the adult. It is lined with a modified skin that does not contain hair or sebaceous glands, and it slants forward toward the umbilicus. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) General
MSC: Client Needs:
2. Which statement concerning the sphincters is correct? a. The internal sphincter is under voluntary control. b. The external sphincter is under voluntary control. c. Both sphincters remain slightly relaxed at all times. d. The internal sphincter surrounds the external sphincter. ANS: B
The external sphincter not only surrounds the internal sphincter but also has a small section overriding the tip of the internal sphincter at the opening. The external sphincter is under voluntary control. Except for the passing of feces and gas, the sphincters keep the anal canal tightly closed. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) General
MSC: Client Needs:
3. The nurse is performing an examination of the anus and rectum. Which of these statements is
correct and important to remember during this examination? a. The rectum is approximately 8 cm long. b. The anorectal junction cannot be palpated. c. Above the anal canal, the rectum turns anteriorly. d. There are no sensory nerves in the anal canal or rectum. ANS: B
The anal columns are folds of mucosa that extend vertically down from the rectum and end in the anorectal junction. This junction is not palpable but is visible on proctoscopy. The rectum is 12 cm long; just above the anal canal, the rectum dilates and turns posteriorly. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. What structure secretes a thin, milky alkaline fluid to enhance the viability of sperm? a. Cowper gland
Chapter 26 - Anus Rectum and Prostate
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