Museum of Knowledge by Nikhil pawar

CERTIFICATE 13th June, 2018 This is to certify that the thesis titled Museum of knowledge,Chandigarh , was carried out by NIKHIL PAWAR during his tenth semester (January â&#x20AC;&#x201C; May 2018) in the Department of Architecture under our guidance. On completion of the report in all respects including the last chapter by the candidate and based on the declaration by the candidate herein above, we forward the report to the studio Director. On successful completion of the course by the candidate here by accept this completed report on behalf of the Head of the Department to be placed in the Library of School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi.

Dr. ARUNA RAMANI GROVER

PROF. SATISH KHANNA

Design Guide and Thesis Co-ordinator 2018

Design Guide

ACKNOWLEDGMENT The process of doing this thesis has been extremely enriching thanks to the many discoveries, discussions and critiques it made possible I would like to thank my guides Dr Aruna Ramani Grover & Prof Satish Khanna for their valuable guidance, timely interventions and helpful discussions in shaping the thesis. Dr. Aruna Ramani Grover for her patience and constant encouragement Without their assistance and dedicated involvement in every step throughout the process. I would also like to extend my gratitude to some eminent professionals who helped me along the way Ar. Sanjay mohe (Principle Architect in Mindspace, Bangalore) and Dr Sangeeta Bagga Mehta (Principle of Chandigarh college of Architecture) Finally, thank you to my friends and family for their support and faith in me.

Table of Contents DECLARATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 CERTIFICATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

01 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. 9 PROJECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROPOSALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROPOSITION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NEED OF THE PROJECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 10 13 14

LE CORBUSIERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S IDEOLOGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CAPITOL COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PUBLIC SPACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT AS CURATOR OF MUSEUM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 18 23 26

02 RESEARCH & CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY

British council. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Indian International Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

03 READING PROGRAM

PROGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

04 SITE STUDY

SITE STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SITE CONTEXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONNECTIVITY AND ACCESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SITE MOVEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SITE PHOTOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50 51 53 55 57 58

TECHNOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TERRACE GARDEN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STRUCTURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tunnel Form Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60 65 66 66

05 TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS

06 DESIGN DETERMINANTS

AREA RELATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 S.W.O.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

07 DESIGN EVOLUTION & SEARCH 08 DESIGN development

BIBLOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

LIST OF FIGURES Fig.1

Capitol complex,1952 .

Fig.2

Governor Palace .

Fig.3

Museum Of Knowledge.

. 10

Fig.4

The Governor Palace .

Fig.5

Geometry of Governor Palace .

Fig.6

Reflection of the palace completed a pyramid and form a diamond .

Fig.7

Three axes .

Fig.8

3D of museum of Knowledge .

Fig.9

Plan of museum of Knowledge .

Fig.12 Unite dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Habitation, Capitol Complex, Assembly Door.

Fig.13 Chandigarh .

. 17

Fig.14 Crossing of Two Axes .

Fig.15 Analysis of capitol complex. Fig.16 Public Spaces .

. .

. 16

. 12

11 .

11 . 11

. .

Fig.10 Five points of modernism . Fig.11 Modular .

. .

18 . 19

Fig.17 Adding meaning to the outer spaces of museum of knowledge .

. 24

Fig.18 British council entrance.

. 28

Fig.19 Three Axex .

. 29

Fig.20 First Node .

Fig.21 Second Node .

Fig.22 Third Node.

Fig.23 Ground floor Plan. Fig.24 Facade. Fig.25 Plan . Fig.26 IIC. Fig.27 Plan .

. 30

. .

31 . 32

Fig.28 Interior view of Philips Exeter library . Fig.29 Interior view .

. 34

Fig.30 Connectivity to the site .

. 34

Fig.31 Section showing the internal volumes .

Fig.32 Exterior view .

. 35

Fig.33 Interior view .

. 35

Fig.34 Master plan Chandigarh . Fig.35 Wind Direction.

Fig.36 Average Temperatures and Precipitation .

Fig.37 Cloudy, sunny, and precipitation . Fig.38 Site context.

. 51

Fig.39 Linkages with other public places by road.

Fig.40 SITE MOVEMENT.

. 56

Fig.41 Site Photos.

. 64

Fig.43 Orientation of built mass. 3rd is good option.

. 64

Fig.42 Tower of Shadow Plans . Fig.44 Sky lighting option.

Fig.45 Section : Terrace Garden Layering.

Fig.46 Section : Planter Detail .

Fig.47 view .

Fig.48 Plan .

. 76

Fig.49 Section.

. 76

Fig.50 view .

Fig.51 Plan .

. 77

Fig.52 Section.

. 77

Fig.53 view .

Fig.54 Plan .

. 78

Fig.55 Section.

. 78

Fig.56 view .

01 introduction

“Let this be a new town, symbolic of the freedom of India, unfettered by the traditions of the past.. an expression of the nation’s faith in the future” (Jawaharlal Nehru)

INTRODUCTION

Fig.1. Capitol complex,1952 (Source: www.pinterest.com )

The urban planner of Chandigarh, Le Corbusier designed Capitol complex at the topmost part of the master plan and at the heart of the city which denotes symbol of power and showcases new identity of an Independent India. However, the present need of Chandigarh city is to intensify the democratic principles of Capitol complex by injecting, activating and rejuvenating the public space in and around the complex. Museum of knowledge was proposed to provide people a space and a stage for their endeavors i.e. researcher, philosopher, academician, thinker, innovators, etc. who would be advisors and equal stakeholders in the decision and new idea generators to address the need of the future. The site is chosen to be in the Capitol Complex so as it is envisaged as a ‘space for people’ the proposal for the museum of knowledge should aim to serve the common people of the city by providing them with demonstration and exhibition’ spaces that promote awareness, knowledge and learning among the civil society. The proposal should also look to provide built and unbuilt spaces both in and around the museum to promote social interaction, communal harmony and recreation that will eventually enrich and activate the public life in the Capitol complex.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

The design of the Capitol Complex was the jewel in the crown worn by Corbusier’s Chandigarh. Being the symbol and identity of the city for many years, the capitol complex is still incomplete. A fourth building, the Museum of Knowledge was planned to accompany the existing Secretariat, Assembly Hall and High Court. Originally designated as the Governor’s Palace, it did not commensurate with Prime Minister Nehru’s idea of democracy, and therefore the plan was abandoned. Then ‘Museum of Knowledge’ was conceptualized. The Museum Of Knowledge, according to Corbusier was to function as a decision-making or a briefing center for the government officials, highlighting the importance and applied use of technology and electronics in processing, synthesizing and presenting large bodies of information related to the state matters. Along with the Museum of Knowledge, there also lies another unbuilt monument in front of it, known as the Martyr’s Memorial. Designed as an expression of gratefulness to the freedom fighters of free India, the monument comprised of four elements, of which exists only an unfinished ramp with inscriptions and symbols onto it.

PROPOSALS

PROJECT

Fig.2. Governor Palace

(Source: www.pinterest.com )

Fig.3. Museum Of Knowledge (Source: www.pinterest.com )

The two proposal made by the Le corbusier Governor’s Palace and Museum Of Knowledge regarding fourth building in the capitol complex(Alexander Gorlin,1982)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

GOVERNOR’S PALACE Governor Palace was the fourth building proposed by Le Corbusier situated in the capitol complex. A study is necessary to understand the narrative or perspective of the master Architect Le Corbusier behind the capitol. The theme of the city as body, the capitol as head, and the palace as crown is further articulated in the actual plan by three pairs of axes, with water mediating between each set. A canal divides the axis linking the city and capitol, pools separate the capitol from the palace, and within the building itself an elevated water trough to catch the monsoon rains detaches the rectilinear base from the hovering curve of the viewing platform (barsati). As expressed in the original sketches of Chandigarh, the play between right angle and tensed curve is most clearly realized in the silhouette of the Governor’s Palace. A similar relationship appears in the section of the High Court, the portico of the Legislative Assembly, and the form of the Monument of the Open Hand. Fig.5. Three axes

(Source: Alexander Gorlin,1980)

Fig.4. The Governor Palace

(Source: www.123coolpictures.com)

The pyramidal mass of the Governor’s Palace was to be placed directly against the silhouette of the Himalayas at the apex of the capital city of Chandigarh. By presenting the palace as the “crown of the capital,” Le Corbusier present its function as the city’s symbolic focus. Its position at the edge of Chandigarh was intended, like the Egyptian pyramids, to define the boundary between civilization and nature. Yet despite its importance it was the single government building of the capital complex of Legislative Assembly, High Court, and Secretariat that was not built. (Gorlin,1980) Fig. 7 first showing the initial contraction of the lower floors thereby elevating the columns of the governor’s palace. second Implied boundary of stepped pyramid and geometrical envelope of golden triangle. Third Opposition between concave-convex pressure. Fig.7. Geometry of Governor Palace (Source: Alexander Gorlin,1980)

Fig.6. Reflection of the palace completed a pyramid and form a diamond (Source: Alexander Gorlin,1980)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE Le Corbusier proposed the Museum of knowledge when the Governor’s Palace plan was rejected. The design of Museum of knowledge didn’t have the special significant element which can over power in the capitol complex and therefore he kept it low with respect to the Assembly building. According to the Vikramaditya Prakash, After 1952 the Assembly with the dominating paraboloid become the center of the capitol complex. It was understandable that he made it as an ordinary box so that it should not compete with the new dominance of the Assembly. so therefore it will be a mistake to go back and construct the Governor’s Palace in its place now. (Prakash 2002) The Museum of Knowledge maintains the corbusier Grid and certain main external features such as the two ramps. The building program is divided into two partstorage of knowledge. There are two distinct language with-in the building. The access to knowledge is represented as an interconnected public space and the knowledge store is a contained box.

Space to Access Knowledge (reading room,Internet station, seminar rooms)

Knowledge store (digital

library,histories,paper archives)

Fig.9. Plan of museum of Knowledge (Source: Chandigarh urban lab)

Le Corbusier had proposed the use of “round books” mainframe computers, as aid to ‘decision making’ in the museum of knowledge. Today, when the Internet is easily accessible, then it can function as a repository of digital information and archival resources that are not still available Online.

Fig.8. 3D of museum of Knowledge (Source: Chandigarh urban lab)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROPOSITION

The Legislature, Judiciary and Executive body, all located in it context form the three pillars of Chandigarhâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s democracy to which the master Architect Le corbusier proposed - Museum Of Knowledge. Capitol complex, although being a place of importance is not open for the public. This Thesis aim to signify a peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s place forming the fourth pillar of Chandigarh and intends to achieve an expression which symbolize democracy as well as respects the master piece of architecture in context.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

‘Architecture has its public use, public buildings being the ornament of a country: it establishes a nation, draws people and commerce, and makes people love their native country, which passion is the origin of all great actions in a commonwealth’ - Sir Christopher Wren

NEED OF THE PROJECT

The capitol complex is located at the head in the urban plan of Chandigarh city which is planned by the master Architect Le Corbusier. Chandigarh in todays time is like, a city without it’s head. Capitol complex has vast green open spaces which is monumental buildings and direct view of the Himalaya. Currently restricted to the public. The complex is an amenity waiting to be engaged by public. The geometric hill, tower of shadow, open hand are abandoned elements that have been over grown by bushes and tree. Politicians who used the space and plaza that should be filled with a multitude of people is dotted by people whose number is in the two digit. The plaza is high profile security zone which alienates the public who can be perceived as a threat. Thus a citizen of Chandigarh remain a stranger to the capitol complex. However, according to Le Corbusier, esplanade and the open hand was designed to gather and discuss public affairs far from officials elected. Public access has been restricted to the capitol complex, except a guided tour which runs only three time per day i.e. 10 am to 12 pm, 12pm to 2pm and 3pm to 5pm. Each group is accompanied by security personnels and a tourist guide. Guide , who enlightens the tourists about the architectural design of of buildings in capitol complex that comprises of the secretariat, high court, Assembly open hand monument, tower of shadow, etc. but there are no function in the capitol complex that invite people from all walks of life. Thus the museum of knowledge present a unique opportunity to make the capitol complex more inclusive toward public.

02 RESEARCH & CASE STUDY

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

LE CORBUSIERS IDEOLOGIES The new industrial age and a clear justification of the statement made by himself ‘A house is a machine for living’, Corbusier established “The Five Points” of architecture, which is a list of prescribed elements to be incorporated in design. Villa Savoye is thoroughly tailored to Corbusier’s Five Points.

Pilotis : The distinguishing of structural and non structural elements of a building gives a scientific basis of rationalizing the role of the individual elements. Ground floor free of wall that rise the house above. Free Facade: The exterior wall no longer load-bearing and not just the separator the internal space from outer space. Ribbon Window: Projecting the floor beyond the supporting pillars, like a balcony all round the building, the whole facade is extended beyond the supporting construction. It thereby loses its supportive quality and the windows may be extended to any length at will, without any direct relationship to the interior division. Open Floor Plan: The support system carries the intermediate ceilings and rises up to the roof. The interior walls may be placed wherever required, each floor being entirely independent of the rest. Roof gardens: The flat roof demands in the first place systematic utilization for domestic purposes: roof terrace, roof garden

Fig.10. Five points of modernism (Source: www.pinterest.com )

MODULAR Le Corbusier developed the Modular between 1943 and 1955 in an era. At the same time, governments around the industrialized world had identified the lack of dimensional standardization as a serious impediment to efficiency in the building industry. In this environment the Modular was born. Like Vitruvius and Albert before him, Le Corbusier sought to reconcile biology with architecture through the medium of geometry. According to Le Corbusier, the initial inspiration for the Modular came from a vision of a hypothetical man inscribed with three overlapping but contiguous squares. The “man-witharm-upraised, 2.20m. in height; put him inside two squares 1.10 by 1.10 meters each, superimposed on each other; put a third square astride these first two squares. This third square should give you a solution. The place of the right angle should help you to decide where to put this third square.” In this way Le Corbusier proposed to reconcile human stature with mathematics.

Fig.11. Modular

(Source: www.failedarchitecture.com )

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

The process of deriving modular started with the central (overlapping) square and which generated a golden section arc (from a diagonal of half the square) in one direction and another arc (from the diagonal of the full square) in the opposite direction. These arcs then generate two new contiguous squares which are also defined by a right angled triangle with its right angle passing through the common boundary between the two newly formed squares. The idea being that the resulting form can be used to create a series of Golden Section rectangles at multiple scales. He placed systems of harmony and proportion at the center of his design p h i l o s o p h y , and his faith in the mathematical order of the universe was closely bound to the golden section and the Fibonacci series. The Modular is itself partly an evolution of such systems, including the Golden Section. Many of his buildings and paintings are underlain by hidden grids and geometric patterns, betraying the fact that so much of Le Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work is rooted in his understanding and appreciation of ancient practices.

Fig.12. Unite dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Habitation, Capitol Complex, Assembly Door

(Source: Contemporary Responses of Indian Architecture vol. 1)

CITY Le Corbusier design the Chandigarh with the clear analogous to human body/ modular Head : capitol complex, Heart: City center, Lungs: Open Green space throughout the city, Intellect: Institutional, Cultural, Circulation: Seven type road which connect intercity and intra city. It was a dream city catering to the four functions of human life namelyâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; living, working, recreation and care of body and spirit. Since the beginning of the master plan, Le Corbusier thought of Chandigarh as a living city and it has indeed grown as a modern, advanced city taking rapid strides towards becoming a Smart city. The concept of Chandigarh is the Garden city- a city with vast green spaces and low rise buildings. The whole city is oriented towards the NE to maximize the view of the Shivaliks and promote natural ventilation at the city level. The defining feature is the grid iron plan formed by horizontal and vertical roads intersecting at right angles to each other. Roundabouts at each junction allow for easy movement of traffic although at many places they are being provided with traffic lights.

Fig.13. Chandigarh

(Source: www.landlab.wordpress.com)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

CAPITOL COMPLEX The Capitol Complex is one of the most monumental architectural compositions of Modern Urbanism by Le Corbusier. It showcases landmark innovations in the fields of urban planning, architectural theory and practice, advancement in building materials and technology. These are poetically epitomized in the buildings of the Assembly, High Court and Secretariat. A modern city needed a modern expression of democracy which Corbusier realized in this ensemble with its concrete sculptural forms skilfully set against the majestic view of the Shivalik hills. The most significant aspect of the layout, however, is the facilitation of uninterrupted pedestrian linkages throughout the complex. A vast concrete esplanade between the High Court and the Assembly thus became the central design feature, along which were arrayed the ‘Monuments’ and various pools of water. Central esplanade is the express to the expansion conceived as the cross-section of two axes. one connect high court and Assembly. The second connect city center to the museum of knowledge. All vehicular circulation is arranged, and dug out where necessary, at 5m below the esplanade. Strategically located artificial hillocks created out of excavated ground from the Capitol site create a “play of forms’ and help to create vistas that gradually unfold the various components to the visitor. Le Corbusier placed the Capitol buildings in their incredible complexity in an area of simple geometry (golden ratio). A diagram of two 800m squares was located on both sides of the axis of the central avenue. But, he abandoned the square on the right side of the axis because it coincided with the erosion of the river. Within the left square, another, smaller square, 400 x 400m was incorporated along the main axis, with an identical square mirrored on the right side. (Jim Antonious, Chandigarh: once the future city)

The natural backdrop of the Shivalik Hills and the uninterrupted vistas form the intangible yet critical part of the composition Fig.14. Crossing of Two Axes (Source: www.innatestudio.org)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

ANALYSIS OF CAPITOL COMPLEX Analysis of the conceptual site planning of Capitol complex - done with respect to golden mean ratio

(The golden section rectangle derived from a unit square and create an arch with the center at the midpoint of one side on the square and the radius length to the corner of the square).

Le corbusier started with the square of dimension 800x800m, to which he added smaller square of dimension 400x400

Divide the square in two part. Then drew a diagonal line in the achieved rectangle and extended the diagonal line outside the rectangle.

He then applied Golden Ratio rule in right hand side rectangle.

Followed by golden ratio applied on the left hand side rectangle.

Then applied Golden Ratio rule in square achieved the line of assembly and high court. Fig.15. Analysis of capitol complex (Source: Author)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

From the line of assembly he drew a square of the same dimension 400x400m.

An arc was drawn from square, at the point where the arc intersect the rectangle, this point was the point of Governor Palace.

The resultant achieved a guiding axis for the open hand.

With the help of axes, he then place other components, with respect to modular.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

HIGH COURT

Plan

Geometry

Function

ASSEMBLY Building house eight double hight court rooms and one triple hight court room on the ground floor with supporting functions.

Building consist two assembly chambers and offices which arranges on the periphery.

Floor Area: 4380sqm Hight: 21m Long: 110 meters

Floor Area: 9994.67sqm Hight: 38m

Geometry can be fragmented into rectangles which have been derived from the golden ratio and modular.

The geometry of assembly is based on a square of defined size which directly related to the site dimensions.

Elevation

Triple hight circulation is surrounding the main function not to hamper in assembly.

Circulation

Segregated circulation for court rooms for easy access.

Three columns symbolizes: Majesty of law, Power, Fear of law Structure

Reinforced concrete columns used in the assembly throughout the plan which lifts the structure off the ground and the column allow the form to express.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SECRETARIAT

Plan

Ten storey secretariat building is the largest building in capitol complex which houses all the administrative offices of ministers and all the ministries. Floor Area: 923056.27 sqm Hight: 42m Long: 254 meters

Geometry

The basic form of the building is long rectangle. Six part of rectangle form the individual administrative sections which are derived from the Golden section.

Function

Simple rectangular plan that subdivided symmetrically into small offices and large open offices on the both ends. Defined circulation by providing central corridor.

Circulation

Structure

Elevation

Corbusier used his own technique in which he separated the internal space from the outside.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PUBLIC SPACES Secondary Research

“A complex without the center open space like a man without the head.” -Christopher Alexander A public space is a social space that is open and accessible to all, regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, age or socio-economic level. Throughout history, public space has formed the backdrop to public life, for commercial transactions, social exchange, entertainment, protest and contemplation. The space is filled with energy, and a sense of lively enjoyment is derived. On the other hand public places: • Bring people together. • Encourage use and interaction among a diverse section of the public. • Should be legible, not intimidating or ambiguous. Successful public places, according to ‘Project for Public Spaces’ (non profit organization) have four key qualities: they are accessible; people are engaged in activities there; the space is comfortable and has a good image; and finally, it is a sociable place: one where people meet each other and talk to people when they come to visit the place.

Usage & Activities Activities are the basic building blocks of a place. Having something to do gives people a reason to come to a place – and return. When there is nothing to do, a space will be empty. Comfort Whether a space is comfortable and presents itself well – has a good image – is key to its success. Comfort includes perceptions about safety, cleanliness, and the availability of places to sit – the importance of giving people the choice to sit where they want is generally underestimated. Access You can judge the accessibility of a place by its connections to its surroundings, both visual and physical. Accessible spaces have a high parking turnover and, ideally, are convenient to public transit. Sociability This is a difficult quality for a place to achieve, but once attained it becomes an unmistakable feature. When people see friends, meet and greet their neighbours, and feel comfortable interacting with strangers, they tend to feel a stronger sense of place or attachment to their community – and to the place that fosters these types of social activities. According to a Architecture Determinism in Chandigarh,

Activities/ usage

Comfort

“The hand to give and the hand to take; peace and prosperity, and the unity of mankind” (Betts & McCulloch, 2014)

Access

Sociability

Fig.16. Public Spaces (Source: Author)

The open hand monument at the head of the capital, according to Corbusier expresses a philosophy and calls it his life study. He calls the space carved out of the Earth as the contemplation hollow, a place to discuss the public affairs far from officials either they are elected or imposed. He describes at sunset people wold come to discuss such matters. He adds that the monument is pivoted so that it rotates along the wind direction and expresses what life is.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

In this dissertation, the author conducts a survey among 60 people in Chandigarh to know about how often people walk to the open hand monument to discuss political affairs and to attend public gatherings. Chart Title

NO Not relevant in todays context

1 2 In the end he found none of the 60-people questioned, expresses this activity. Some don’t know what the open hand monument is. They say it is especially only a tourist attraction. They complain about the hot summers where temperatures would soar to a maximum making activities like these impossible. Though only 25% of people have an interest of doing what Le Corbusier had imagined. Ujjal Singh Atwal a resident from sector 8 who has been living in Chandigarh from his birth says that before there weren’t security measures to enter the open hand monument, now they have restricted the entry, where the police check and you need official permission to enter the space. This example shows a clear design failure, where Le Corbusier hadn’t considered these factors while designing. The context where Chandigarh belongs had resulted in this change. (B. kiran,2016)

Revitalizing Public space the capitol complex: • Public space in Museum of knowledge will intensify the democratic principles of the Capitol Complex by incorporating the civil society inside. • To design a place(built with public ), not just a building in the landscape. • Add meaning in the outer spaces of Museum of knowledge, letting them to develop or energies the complex.

After Museum of knowledge Before Fig.17. Adding meaning to the outer spaces of museum of knowledge (Source: Author)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

INFERENCES • Master plan of capitol complex has a strong geometry which determines the locate museum of knowledge and its center. • Buildings in capitol complex are monumental, therefore the Museum of knowledge should respond to the context as well as stand as the people’s building. •

Museum of knowledge should strongly respond to it’s prescient and surrounding structures like martyr’s memorial and open hand.

case study

British council British council is located in connaught place ,one of busiest center in Delhi. The place experience an average daily footfall of some lakhs of visitors. The visitors at this place may be categorized into tourist, office, students and various others. Some of these aspects make the location of the library an ideal one, except that it is set between an array of tall buildings. The Architect has however responded to the context in an excellent way with certain metaphors and has made the building to stand out. Project : British Council Library, New Delhi Year of completion : 1992 Total Built-up Area : 3,000 sq m Architect : Charles correa Level : 9 (basement,Ground, First + mezzanine, second + mezzanine Books: 30,000 and shelf space of 50,000 books. Intent of Study : Site Planning - conceptual approach, Contextual response (surrounded by high rise)

Fig.18. British council entrance Source : Author

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Third Node Second Node

Concept The functional elements are arranged in a series of layer, recalling the historic interface that have existed between India and Britain over last several centuries. From the main entrance gate, one moves down the main axis which extends right up to the rear garden. The three nodal point along this axis are structure around three axes mundi, each recalling one oh the principal belief systems that exists in the Indian subcontinent. At the farthest end is the axes mundi of Hinduism, a spiral symbolizing Bindu- the energy center of the cosmos. The next nodal point, located in the main courtyard, is centered around another mythic image; the traditional Islamic char Bagh. The Third Nodal point along this axis is a European icon, inlaid in marble and granite, used to represent the age of reason, including mythic value of science and progress.

First Node

Fig.22. Three Axex

The three axes are placed along the length of site connecting he entrance gate to the rear boundary at the other end.

Functions The building for British council houses a number of diverse functions-as it includes library, an Auditorium, an Art Gallery and the headquarter of their office in India.

Fig.19. First Node source: Author

Fig.20. Second Node source: Author

Fig.21. Third Node source: Author

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Design Strategies

The library houses a learning resource center which boast of about 30,000 books, computer workstations providing access to electronic databases and Internet, journal and directories, catalogue of universities for students. Apart from this British council provides courses in languages such as English and some European languages. Various other activities , exhibitions, conferences and lecture keep happening on regular basis.

Fig.23. Ground floor Plan

(Source: https://i.pinimg.com)

A large breathing space between the entry and the building as well as the building and the rear end exist. Whereas the front area has been landscaped in lush green lawn and now consist of a small coffee shop, the rear is the hard paved and has tables o sit and relax. Also connected to the rear terrace is a small cafeteria which has turned out be a popular hand-out space; and henceforth extensively used by people coming to the lectures. The location of the library and the cafe on different floor makes the cafe less used by the library users.

Function

Area(in sq m.)

Library Items

Auditorium Gallery Library Offices Meeting room Foyer Residential Maintenance

300 150 1000 800 150 200 250 150

Books Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s books E-Zone Educational videos Home videos IT Books

Metaphors involved At the entrance garden, encompassing all the various layers, is a mural by Howard Hodgkin, made of white makrana marble and black kuddapah stone. Symbolizing the shadow of a tree, his work is a metaphorical image as sheltering and pluralistic as India herself. Fig.25. Facade

(Source: Author)

OFFICES LIBRARY FOYER/AUDI PARKING

Fig.24. Plan

(Source: https://image.slidesharecdn.com)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Indian International Centre Considered one of the country’s premier cultural institutions, the India International Centre is a non-government institution. Its purpose, stated in its character, was ‘to promote understanding and amity between the different communities of the world’.It is widely regarded as a place where statesmen, diplomats, policymakers, intellectuals,scientists, jurists, writers, artists and members of civil society meet to initiate the exchange of new ideas and knowledge Project : Indian International centre, New Delhi Year of completion : 1962 Site Area: 18,600 Sq M. (4.6 ACRES) Total Built-up Area : 6,250 sq m. Architect : Joseph Allen stein Level : 3 Intent of study : Climatic Response, Similar area components

Source : Author

Fig.26. IIC

(Source : Author)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Concept The main complex of the center is laid out with three wings, on the north, south and west and each is designed to serve a separate function. While cultural programmers are open to the interested public in the south wing. It also has conference room on the first floor with a capacity of 30 people. The north wing offers residential facilities to member and their guests. There are total 51 rooms comprising of three single rooms, double rooms and guest room sweets. They are oriented in north south direction. The lounge, dining hall, private dining hall and terrace pergola are located on the west side, overlooking the Lodhi Gardens. Component of Building Program Program Block: Conference Room Auditorium Offices Library Residential/Hostel Block: Dinning Hall Guest Rooms Single Room Double Room Courtyards and gardens: Entrance Court Central Courtyard Amphitheater

Form

Fig.27. Plan

(Source : Author)

The Center’s beautiful and low-profile buildings express, as the architect Joseph Allen Stein himself said, the ‘informal or romantic approach, where each function seeks out its own expression’. A grand central portico greets the visitor at the entrance driveway, extending across a north-south axis. The curving facade of the residential wing corresponds to the curving paths and walkways in the adjacent Lodhi gardens.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Philips Exeter Library The Philips Exeter Academy Library at Philips Exeterin New Hampshire, USA; built by Louis I. Kahn is the largest secondary school library in the world. It most notable feature is a dramatic atrium with enormous circular openings that reveal several floors of book stacks. When approaching the library from a distance, a user may notice that it is one of several adjacent traditional masonry structure. Certainty Kahn was influenced by the existing building on the campus. From a distance, a user may be tempted to occlude that all library elevation are the same. Windows were designed in response to the specific qualities of light they admit into the building as well as to the differing needs in the interior spaces behind them. Project: Philips Exeter Library, New Hampshire, USA Year Of Completion: 1970 Total Footprint:12,32 sq m. Total Built-up Area: 8,898 sq m. Height: 26m Current Reserves of library: 160,000 volumes Shelf Capacity of library: 250,000 volumes Architect: Louis I. Kahn Intent of study: Study the Application of golden mean ratio, Similar library size Fig.28. Interior view of Philips Exeter library

(Source : www.markcnewton.com)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Concept

Schematic plan of library

The design involving the functional components of library is heavily reliant upon the concept. The library is designed as series of successive cubes, leading from the facade to the core. The innermost cube- the core is an open court which connects library horizontally and vertically. Surrounding this core there is a larger of stack of books . The users of library can be near natural light. The incoming natural light in the library was given special attention while designing.

Fig.29. Connectivity to the site Source: Googlemaps

Design Strategies There are 9 level in the building although not all are apparent from the outside. The basement contain special facilities for micro-forms and bound periodical, as well as space for the schoolâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s achieves. The ground floor houses the periodicals collection. The first floor is flooded with natural light from the large glass on the north and west side as well as from clerestory windows at the very op of itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 70feet. The hall is 50 forequarter, with large circular holes which are almost touching the crones piers.

Ground floor

Fig.30. Interior view

Basement

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

The second and third floor mainly consist of book stacks. On the periphery of the floor private reading carrels have been made. There are reading areas on the floors. This is larger on the third floor.

9 7

8 7

The design was aim is to make a modern library, not a traditional one; henceforth taking into account the userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mentality. Light is a major design feature around which the whole design revolves. Openings and window have been generated keeping in mind the need to maximize natural light while preserving the books. The library was not design as a complete silence zone but rather involves and promote more public interaction.

1. Entrance 2. Central space 3. Current periodical 3 4 4. Card catalog 2 5. Periodical block no. 1 5 6. Periodical block no. 6 7.mazzenine stack area 8. Fiction area 9. Rare book and seminar room Fig.33. Section showing the internal volumes Source: www.archdaily.com 10. Roof garden

Source: www.archdaily.com

Second floor

Fig.32. Interior view

On third floor there is a loge are with comfortable furniture and fireplaces. On the top floor are two seminar rooms for class use and two rooms for the housing and exhibition of special collection. A terrace for reading in pleasant weather encircles the fourth floor room.

Fig.31. Exterior view

Upper floors include a student computer lab, a viewing area for videotapes and CD, book stack of 250,000 volumes.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SUBSIDIARY CASE STUDIES

Musee du Louvre The Musee Du Louvre or officially Grand Louvre- is one of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest museums, the most visited art museum in the world and a historic monument. A central landmark of Pairs, it is located on the right bank of the seine in the 1st district. Nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the 19th century are exhibited over an area 60,600sq.m.

Project: Musee du Louvre (national Project) Site Area: 9 hectares Floor Area: 61,990 sq m. (phase I) 55,000 sq m. demolition 50,000 sq m. (phase II) Gallery Space: 60,000 sq m. Architect: I.M. Pei and partners, Paris (now pei cobb Freed & Partners) Design Period: 1983- 1988 (phase I), 1988- 1993 (Phase II)

Source :http://uk.france.fr

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Concept

A pyramid of Egypt is huge in size, solid and it signifies a place for the dead however the pyramid at Louvre is just the opposite,as it is made transparent of glass with the purpose of bringing the day light inside but also able to see through the entire complex. Those pyramids are very good example of transition between built-up and open spaces.

The entrance to the great museum to be appropriated by excavating the napoleon court and the reception hall was put 9 m below ground. The huge glass pyramid was constructed which added a tremendous volume to napoleon hall and it gives a kind of importance which is derived. Lighting Technique is a most important part of museum. Louvre is one of those museum where daylight is used very perfectly. Use of material like danpalon sheet on the large opening cuts the extra glare and produce a diffuse mild lighting inside the gallery.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

COMPARISON MATRIX

British Council Library

Philips Exeter Library,USA

India International centre

Museum of Knowledge

New Delhi, India

Capitol complex Chandigarh , India

FACT FILE Location Year of Completion Architect

ARITHMETIC Site Area

New Hampshire, USA

New Delhi, India 1992 Charles Correa

Chart Title

1970 Louis I. Kahn

Chart Title

4,000sqm.

Built-up Area

Chart Title

12,32 sqm Philips Exeter library site area w.r.t Museum of knowledge site area 16000 sq.m.

British council site area w.r.t Museum of knowledge site area 16000 sq.m.

1962 Joseph Allen Stein

18,600 Sqtm.

16,000 Sq m.

India International Centre site area w.r.t Museum of knowledge site area 16000 sq.m. 1

8,898sqm.

3,000sqm

6,250sqm.

19000sqm.

ARCHITECTURE Site Plan vertical and horizontal circulation

Project type Climate Composite Building/Functional com- Library, auditorium, lecture ponent rooms, cafe, residence and offices Orientation Height Entrance to site

Library cold temperature Library, seminar rooms, discussion area and roof top garden

Northwest- southeast

floor

G+5 Two entry from ground

Northwest- southeast

floor

G+8 Single entry from ground

Assembly Composite Conference Rooms, Auditorium, Library, Amphitheater, Multipurpose hall, Galleries North- south G+2 Four entry to site & individual build entry

Assembly Composite Conference Rooms, Auditorium, Library, Amphitheater, Multipurpose hall, Galleries North East- south West G+6 one pedestrian and one vehicular entry

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

British Council Library Site Landscaping Area program

Visitor Materials

A green lawn in the front and rear side of the Chartsite. Title Chart Title

Philips Exeter Library,USA

India International centre

Building in the center of the univer- Central green connected courtsity campus. yards. Chart Title Chart Title

Chart Chart Title Title

Museum of Knowledge split level open spaces Chart Title

Chart Title

library

Convention

Museum

Members, Students, Guests, Delegates Sand stone, Marble, Kaddapa stone and brick masonry

Type of Exhibits A.C.-Auditorium, Seminar rooms, Waiting Area, Library, Cafe, Office, Gallery Natural Ventilation- Courtyard, entry, cafe, roof top cafe.

Students

Members, Delegates, Guests

Brick, concrete, Brick masonry

Brick masonry, concrete, bricks

A.C.- Seminar rooms, Library Natural Ventilation- Roof top reading area, garden.

A.C.-Auditorium, Seminar rooms, Waiting Area, Library, Cafe, Office, Gallery, offices, Multipurpose hall galleries, hotel rooms Natural Ventilation- Courtyard, entry, cafe, roof top cafe.

use of golden mean ratio to define the volume

it has curvilinear geometry

Museum 1

General public, tourist, Members, Delegates, Guests concrete, bricks, Brick masonry, matel A.C.-Auditorium, Seminar rooms, Waiting Area, Library, Cafe, Office, Gallery, offices, Multipurpose hall galleries, hotel rooms Natural Ventilation- Courtyard, entry, cafe, roof top cafe.

Open Space structuring/ Built and open relations

Geometry

It has linear geometry

Positioning and volume has been derived from golden mean ratio

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

INFERENCES A conscious mix of case studies were chosen so that different aspects, so it will useful for designing museum of knowledge. These included: Sale of built-up, multiplicity of function, incorporation of public realms into the library, iconic infrastructure design in an Indian context. BRITISH COUNCIL • British council has a similar background of public restriction but at the same time allows people into a certain function such as library, classrooms. • The traditional and mythological beliefs has been reflected in the Architecture, like Building has series of courtyards and invert looking spaces for various functions. • Building technologies explore fully and use different material like stainless steel, glass,etc. • The British council has concept, story and its eventual built translation from ancient ideas. PHILIPS EXETER LIBRARY • Precise use of natural lighting inside the building for reading spaces. • Reading areas are spread all around the exterior. • Use of golden mean ratio for the proportions in 3 dimensional volume • Importance of its lounge spaces. IIC • Use of local material with new mechanism, as louver • The scale and proportions used of very humane and merge with surrounded landscape. • Context well respond • This was studies for on site circulation and inter- building response as well as how the complex seamlessly ties to the large fabric of the city.

03 reading program

PROGRAM

Chart Title

MUSEUM of KNOWLEDGE - THE PLACE FOR KNOWLEDGE From past to present, there have been many paths to knowledge; by using digital media, reading a book, having a dialogue and observing the nature. The Museum of Knowledge provides the various possibilities of all paths by the flexible space. MoK is one of the missing building in the Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design of Capital Complex in Chandigarh. MoK is a museum, which can let visitors and citizens see through the changes of Chandigarh Admin convention City, in the meanwhile, design their own community for the future. MOK will be a Place of Freedom and Place for everyone. Therefore, MoK can be divided into two components, Library Research centre 1. Depicting the history of the city and its cultural heritage â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a galley/museum space 2. A space for the youth of Punjab and Haryana to share an interactive space which allows them to work on their future visions. This will include, a knowledge centre: Library, workshops and other prototyping area, seminar and meeting rooms, exhibition halls.

circulation and services

PROGRAM COMPONENTS KNOWLEDGE CENTER This is a crucial componet of the museum of knowledge. It consist of Library, Research center. LIBRARY Library provide services to the general public and conatin large number of books or volumes related to all aspect of human endeavour. It makes some of their book available for borrowing. CONVENTION CENTER Auditorium, Multipurpose hall, Galleries and Exhibition hall are largly public function, people- intensive component attracting a large number of people. MUSEUM Museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects related to perticular subject which are available for public viewing through exhibition that may be permanent or tempopary.

10%

30% 22%

2% 2%

31 %

RESEARCH CENTER It is consist of R&D labs, Innovative centers, discussion rooms, workshops, lecture AdminAdmin Admin Administration rooms all programmatic element associated with the acyivities involve in the pursuit and dessimilation (spreding) of knowledge. Library Library Library Library

Chart TitleTitle Chart Chart Title

convention convention convention Convention

Museum Museum Museum Museum

Research centre Research centre Research centre Research Centre

miscellaneus miscellaneus miscellaneus Miscellaneus

circulation and services circulation and circulation and services services Circulation and servieces

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

AREA PROGRAM PROGRAM

No. OF PEOPLE

STANDARD

ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS i) Director a. Office b. P.A. c. Toilet ii) Finance and Account officer iii) Office Space (@0.5sqm/per) a. Seniour curator b. Curator c. Assistant Curator iv) Waiting Area (0.9sqm per user) Reception v) Conference Room (20 per) vi) Storage vii) Toilet + Drinking CONVENTION CENTRE i) Foyer ii) Pre-Function iii) Auditorium a. Main Hall b. Stage c. Projector Room d. Green Room iv) Multipupose Hall a. Hall b. Pre- function c.Hospitality, staff support, services v)Conference Room vi) Meeting Rooms vii) Meeting Rooms

NO. OF UNIT

AREA

TOTAL AREAT 510 sqm 55 sqm

35sqm 15sqm 5sqm 95 sqm 75 sqm 2 3 80 sqm 30sqm 60sqm 110sqm

2130 sqm 160 sqm 200 sqm 750 sqm

300 1.5 sqm/per 0.5 sqm/per

450 sqm 135 sqm

800 sqm 300

50 30 6

1.2 per person

1 2 2

300 sqm 200 sqm 300sqm 100 sqm 80 sqm 40 sqm

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROGRAM MUSEUM i) Entrance foyer ii) Galleries 1 Permanent Exhibitions iii) Galleries 2 Permanent Exhibitions iv) Galleries 3 Permanent Exhibitions v) Galleries 4 Temporary Exhibitions vi) Galleries 5 Temporary Exhibitions vii) Exhibition Court Archives Section

No. OF PEOPLE

STANDARD

NO. OF UNIT

AREA

1 985 sqm 1145 sqm 500 sqm 725 sqm 840 sqm 1 1

4585 sqm 200 sqm 4192 sqm

150 sqm 40 sqm

RESEARCH CENTER i) Lobby Area ii) R And D Laboratories iii) R And D Laboratories iv) Documentation center

TOTAL AREAT

480 sqm 50 sqm 180 sqm 250 sqm

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROGRAM LIBRARY Subject books Philosophy and Religion Politics and law Economics Cultural Sports Arct and Architecture History Natural and life science Physica, chemistry, Maths Medical and Health sci. Industry and technology Transport

No. OF PEOPLE

STANDARD

NO. OF UNIT

Total AREA

BOOKS 5,46,000 books in 12 sections

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

4,200 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm 350 sqm

1,70,000 books in 6 sections

1 1 1 1 1 1

1,440 sqm 240 sqm 240 sqm 240 sqm 240 sqm 240 sqm 240 sqm

48,000 books

400 sqm 400 sqm

60,000

525 sqm 525

100-150 books/sqm

Fiction Science fiction Fantasy Short Stories Novels Paetry Comics and Graphis Novel Reference Area reference section Children’s section children’s book

Regular Range of Book Stacking =100 - 150 books/sqm

Total Stack Area : 6,500

Total Book : 8,25,000

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROGRAM OTHERS Canteen Indoor seating counter kitchen storage Head chef pre. non veg/ veg Hot Cold Bakery Washing Service Electrical Sub Station Guard House / Security Facility Sewage Treatment Plant Pump Room I.T. Rooms Underground Water Tanks

No. OF PEOPLE

STANDARD

NO. OF UNIT

CARPET AREA

TOTAL AREAT 295 sqm 295 SQM.

100

1.8sqm/per 30%of seating

Add for Service Core, Circulation (stairs, Lifts) and Toilets @40% of Carpet Area occupancy Admin 10sq.m./ per convention and museum 1.4sq.m / per library other Total

= 50per =4767 per = 110per = 50per =4977 max

180sqm. 25sqm. 75sqm 10sqm 5sqm 7.5sqm 15sqm 11sqm 7.5sqm 11sqm 5sqm

Total Area: 14,500 sqm Total Area: 5,800 sqm Total Area: 20,300 sqm

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

AREA PROGRAM READINGS PROGRAM

FUNCTION

NATURE OF FUNCTION

ACCESS REQUIRED

LIGHT REQUIRED

A.C. REQUIRED

Manager Office Finance and Account officer

Restricted Restricted

For staff For staff

Natural+Artificial Yes Natural+Artificial Yes

Office Space (@0.5sqm per person) Waiting Area (0.9sqm per user) Conference Room Meeting Room (@2.25sqm per person)

Restricted Public Semi Public Restricted

For staff Direct For staff +Invited guest For staff

Natural+Artificial Yes Natural+Artificial Yes Natural+Artificial Yes Natural+Artificial

Foyer Pre-Function Auditorium (300 per) 2.1sqm/per services Multipupose Hall (200 per)(3 per person) Conference Room (50 per) Meeting Rooms 30pers.(4.5 per person) Meeting Rooms 6pers. (4 per person)

Public Public Semi Public Restricted Semi Public Semi Public Restricted Restricted

Direct Direct Direct For staff Direct Guests on invitation Guests on invitation Guests on invitation

Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Entrance foyer Exhibition Halls waiting Area Exhibition Halls Galleries Exhibition Court Archives Section Demonstrating kiosk CafÃ© Staff Locker

Public Public Public Public Public Public Public Public Restricted

Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct For staff

Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS

CONVENTION CENTRE

MUSEUM

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROGRAM

FUNCTION

NATURE OF FUNCTION Public

ACCESS REQUIRED

LIGHT REQUIRED

A.C. REQUIRED

Lobby Area R And D Laboratories (180sqm) R And D Laboratories (250sqm) Open Sky Discussion Area Innovation Centre Prototype Workshop In-charge Office Material Collection Library Material Testing Lab Software Lab Testing Lab Lecture Hall 25(2.8per person)

Public Restricted Restricted Public Restricted Restricted Restricted Public Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Semi- Public

Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial

Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Lecture Hall 15(2.8per person)

Semi- Public

Natural+Artificial

Yes

PFA Discussion Theatre

Restricted

Natural

IT Resource lab CafĂŠ Staff Locker Pantry

Restricted Public Restricted Restricted

Direct For staff+ Students For staff+ Students Direct For staff+ Students For staff+ Students For staff+ Studenyts Direct For staff+ Students For staff+ Students For staff+ Students For staff+ Students Guests on invitation +students Guests on invitation +students Guests on invitation +students For staff+ Students Direct For staff For staff

Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial Natural+Artificial

Yes Yes Yes Yes

LIBRARY RESEARCH AREA

04 SITE STUDY

SITE STUDY

CHANDIGARH LOCATION • Chandigarh is a Union Territory and capital of both the states of Punjab and Haryana. • Chandigarh is located near the foothills of the Shivalik range of the Himalayas in northwest India. It covers an area of approximately 114 km2. • Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north, west and south, and to the state of Haryana to the east. It is considered to be a part of the Chandigarh capital region or Greater Chandigarh, which includes Chandigarh, and the city of Panchkula and cities of Kharar, Mohali. • It was one of the early planned cities in post-independence India and is internationally known for its architecture and urban design. The master plan of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier. • The concept of Chandigarh is the Garden city- a city with vast green spaces and low rise buildings. The whole city is oriented towards the NE to maximize the view of the Shivaliks and promote natural ventilation at the city level. CLIMATE

50 °C

Chandigarh has subtropic extreme climate with hot summers and chilly winters . The monsoon season, though pleasant in the evenings, is humid during the daytime. The best season of Chandigarh is autumn, when the weather is pleasant neither too hot nor too cold.

300 mm 41 41 °C 41 °C 41 41°C °C °C 40 40 °C 40 °C 40 40 °C °C °C

40 °C

30 °C

20 °C

10 °C

250 mm

36 36 °C 36 °C 36 °C 36 °C 36 36 °C °C °C 40 °C 41 °C 36 36 36 °C °C °C

33 33 °C °C 33 33 °C °C 33 °C 33 °C 33 °C 33 °C 33 °C 33 °C 32 32°C °C °C 32 °C 32 32 °C 36 °C 36 °C 29 29 °C °C °C 29 °C 29 29 °C 28 28 °C °C 33 °C 33 °C 28 °C 28 °C °C 27 27 °C °C 32 °C 28 27 °C 27 27°C °C 25 25 °C °C 25 25 °C °C 25 °C 25 °C 25 25°C °C 25 25°C °C 24 24 °C °C 29 °C 24 24 °C °C 24 °C 24 °C 24 24 °C °C 24 °C °C 28 °C 24 22 22°C °C °C 27 °C 22 °C 22 °C 22 21 21 °C °C 21 21 °C °C 21 °C 21 °C 21 21°C °C 25 °C 21°C °C 25 °C 21 24 °C 24 °C 17 17 °C °C 22 °C 17 °C 17 17°C °C 21 °C 21 °C 15 15°C °C 15 °C 15 15 °C °C 13 13 °C °C 13 °C 13 13 °C °C 17 °C 10 °C 15 °C 10 10 °C 10 10 °C °C °C 999 9 °C °C °C °C 9 °C 8 °C 13 °C °C 8 °C °C 888 °C 777 7°C °C °C °C 7 °C 10 °C 9 °C 8 °C 7 °C

200 mm

150 mm

100 mm

50 mm

0 mm

0 °C Jan

Feb

Precipitation Cold nights

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Mean daily maximum Wind speed

Aug

Sep

Hot days

Oct

Nov

Dec

Mean daily minimum meteoblue

Fig.35. Average Temperatures and Precipitation (Source : www.meteoblue.com)

Fig.37. Master plan Chandigarh

Winter temperature: 4-14°C Summer temperature: 37-44°C Annual rainfall: 111.4 cm Monsoon season: July - September Wind direction: Summer NE winter SW

(Source: knowchandigarh.com)

Establish : 1953 Population : 1,054,686 Density: 9,252/sqkm Literacy: 81.9% Official Language :Punjabi,Hindi, English Area: 114 km2 Elevation: 350 metres

Fig.36. Wind Direction

(Source : www.meteoblue.com)

Fig.34. Cloudy, sunny, and precipitation Source : www.meteoblue.com

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SITE CONTEXT Capitol complex consist of the following buildings: The largest building of the entire complex was designed as an example of solutions to ‘problems of modern offices’ – namely natural ventilation, light and efficient circulation. To make the large structure blend into a primarily horizontal setting the building and its approach were sunk below the level of the plaza. The efficient circulation of nearly 6,000 people who work in this building is ensured by two large ramps along both the long faces. It is 254m long horizontal building which has eight stories and is 42 m hight. The elevation of the building is constructed for better light and ventilation.

1.SECRETARIAT

2. ASSEMBLY BUILDING

This is the 38mt high most elaborate structure in the Capitol, housing the Assembly halls of Punjab and Haryana. This square building is crowned by a massive concrete hyperbolic shell which houses the Assembly chamber. The shell is actually very thin with an average thickness of just 6″or 15cms. The building was designed as a horizontal rectilinear, square in the plan with a monumental front portico. On an urban level, the portico sets up a dialogue with the corresponding entrance to the justice palace on axis with the Assembly across the main plaza. (Boesiger,w.1965)

Geometric hill Secretariat Fig.38. Site context

(Source: Author)

Assembly

Tower of shadow

martyr’s memorial

Open hand

HIGH COURT

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

3. HIGH COURT

6. TOWER OF SHADOW Against the backdrop of the Shivalik range the giant hand, made of beaten metal sheets rises 85 feet from an excavated plaza . This plaza with seating was meant for public debates and official discussions. The giant hand is designed to turn on ball bearings to indicate symbolically the direction of the wind.

This was the first structure to be completed in 1955 with 9 law courts and other office spaces. The defining feature of the structure is the grand entrance form the plaza defined by three large pylons soaring to a monumental volume 18.3 meters high. The structural system and functional brief are skillfully expressed in the facade with the triple height Court of Chief Justice on the left of the entrance.

Tower of shadow is planned in between high court and Assembly. It is lofty open sided hall providing ample shade throughout the day. It is aligned precisely on the north-south axis. The north side is entirely open and other three sides are furnished with different louvers.

7. MARTYR’S MEMORIAL

The vaulted parasol double roof is reminiscent of Mughal architecture and signifies the “shelter of law”.

4. OPEN HAND

5. GEOMETRIC HILL

The Martyr’s memorial is sited on the side of the esplanade between the Assembly and high court, defining an axial entrance to the museum of knowledge. This memorial mad for the Martyr’s of Punjab partition and consists of a square enclosure This is the most well known symbol of Chan- This is made by Le Corbusier with the construction with one side elongated into a ramp by which digarh being its official emblem- a hand that waste. He created a mound that would hide the one mounts the enclosing wall, within that is “open to give, open to receive”. assembly from the road. It also has an art work on there is a figure of a prone man, snake and lion. it.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

CONNECTIVITY AND ACCESS

1. Capitol complex 2. Railway station 3. Bus bus terminal 4. 17 sector bus terminal 5. Central market 6. Sukhna lake 7. Rock garden 8. Punjab tech

1 8

Jain Marg

Lead to the capitol complex

Madhya marg- Connecting Chandigarh and Panchkula

Fig.39. Linkages with other public places by road (Source: Mapstack.com)

Section Through The Capitol Complex

National Highway Ambala-Delhi

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Total Site Area: Ground Coverage: FAR: Height:

1.6 HA 30% Maximum 150 18mT

Pedestrian linkage Jain Marg

Primary vehicular-linkage to site

The road leading to the site was excavate to a depth of 3m below the level of esplanade, thus providing an entrance for visitors and personnel. The excavation martial was used to create artificial hillock. (Boesiger,1965). The site is located to the opposite to that hillock and contained in between the assembly and high court.

Site Vehicular Pedestrian

25m

50m

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SITE MOVEMENT The capitol complex is a judicial center of Chandigarh which ensures complete security of the complex which is why it is decapitated from the city. However according to Le Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s plan, it had been designed keeping in mind public accessibility.

VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION According to the Le corbusier master plan

SECURED AND PUBLIC ZONE public secure area

VEHICULAR CIRCULATION (Present) Public Movement Gov. official Movement

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

GUIDED TOUR Guided tour takes visitors to the High court, open hand monuments, Assembly and Secretariat. Tourist can visit in three batches 10am, 12am, 3pm

VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT for MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE At present the capitol complex has restricted for the public. Museum of knowledge being the center of capitol complex, it will be open for public along with the proper security check.

Tourist center

The central road that runs till the museum of knowledge will be accessible to those who have library membership and have special invitation for functions. Pedestrian Vehicular

SECURED AND PUBLIC ZONE FOR MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE public area secure area Pedestrian

Fig.40. SITE MOVEMENT

(Source: Author)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SITE PHOTOS

Source: Archasm

Source: Author

Fig.41. Site Photos

(Source: Author)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

INFERENCES

LOCATION OF SITE Site is located at the center of the capitol complex (head) . • This need to be consciously responded and the footfall is dependent to the development of site with respect to the context. • Capitol complex for an official government use, the capitol complex plaza assumes the character of high court and Assembly. Should be careful as to not disrupt functioning. Road and Pedestrian Access Road level is 4m below at the one edge of the site and it slope up till the site level at the other end of the site. • Pedestrians will enter at the esplanade level through the tourist check point. • Revealing of site will have different experience for both pedestrians and for those traveling by road. • This needs to be responded Orientation • High solar heat gain from south and west side of the site. • Dominant wind flow from North-East • Needs to be efficiently responded

05 TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS

TECHNOLOGY Total Site Area: Ground Coverage: Cover area:

1.6 HA 30% Maximum 4800sqm

CALCULATION OF RAINWATER HARVESTED THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER COLLECTED FROM ROOF I.E., Average Annual Rainfall in Delhi= 744 mm Roof Catchment Area = 1000 sq. m. Rainwater endowment of that area = roof area (sqm) X Rainfall (m) = 1000 X 0.744 cum = 744 K liters

THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER COLLECTED FROM HARD PAVED AREAS I.E., Average Annual Rainfall in Delhi= 744 mm Catchment Area = 4800 sq. m. Rainwater endowment of that area = Catchment area (sqm) X Rainfall(m) = 4800 X 0.744 cum = 3571.2 liters EFFECTIVELY HARVESTED WATER FROM HARD PAVED AREAS: = Rainwater endowment of that area X Run-off co-efficient x 0.8 ( Coefficient for evaporation) = 2285.44 k liters (appx.) THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER COLLECTED IN A YEAR I.E., 2761.6 Kl

Site

The Coefficient of evaporation, spillage, first flush wastage is considered as 0.8 EFFECTIVELY HARVESTED WATER FROM ROOF: = Rainwater endowment of that area X Run-off co-efficient x 0.8 ( Coefficient for evaporation) = 476.16 k liters (appx.) Source: CPWD Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation Manual, 2002 The basic concept underlying all these techniques is that rain should be harvested whenever and wherever it falls.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

CALCULATE OR SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

AREA COMPONENT MUSEUM LIBRARY CAFE CONVENTION

PER CAPITAL 15 25 35 15

Total NO. 2380 100 50 2380

4500 35700 7500 35700

RESEARCH CENTER Landscape

45 6

20 50 1070

900 300 84600L

Water consumption : 84600 lpd water tank capacity : 84.600 cu.m Considering height 2m, Area of Tank = 42 sqm Using hydro pneumatic system, the water tank can be placed in the basement along with stp STP CALCULATION

Total water requirements: 84.600 KLD Water requirement per year:84.600 X 365 = 30879 KL Water Requirements met by rainwater 25% sno. 1 2

TANK % Over head 33% Underground 67%

SPACES ADMIN CONVENTION MUSEUM LIBRARY RESTAURANT

Storage capacity 10190 56000

TR PER 92SQM 1 91 1 2 5

Total water demand (TWD) 84.600 cu.m Estimating 90% sewage : 76.14 cu.m

size cu.m 10 56

STP SIZE Considering total depth 3.30mt including free board 300mm liquid depth L =3m Area od STP = 76.14/3 =25 sqm

CARPET AREA 510 2130 4585 6500 1000 14725

Total AC Load = 1t /100sqm x 14725 =147T Location of tanks in Plan Source: Author

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

ELECTRICITY POWER CONSUMPTION Interior Light Power Requirement (by building area method)

Electricity Load Calculation (thumb Rule): 118w/sqm Total Built up Area :20,000 Total Electricity Load :11.8 x 20,000= 236 kw

Area Calculations for solar Panel Total Roof Area = 1000 Available Roof Area =70% of the total area = 700sqm Design for maximum capacity 4kw Number of solar panel provide = 700/29.8 =23 system total Energy Generated = 23x4 = 96 Therefore 40% of indoor lighting Requirement Are met through the solar panel

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

LIFT CALCULATION FOR LIBRARY Total area= 6000 sq.m. Total occupancy=1.2x no. of reader =110 1. RTT = Round Trip Time = Entrance Lobby Time + (Sn x floor serving time)+ Return Trip Time

floor

Entrance Lobby Time for a 14 Passenger Car = 12 s Floor Serving Time for a 14 Passenger Car = 1.25 s per Return Trip Time = Distance in one direction / Vc RTT = (12 x 8) + (8 x 1.25) + 12 = 120

H = (300 x Q x 100)/T x P H = Handling capacity as the percentage of the peak population handled during 5 min. Q = Average number of passengers carried T = waiting interval P = Total population to be handled during peak period H is taken as 12% H = (300 x Q x 100)/T x P H is taken 12% 12= (300 x 80%14x 100)/ T X110 T = 21 T = RTT/N N = .6 = 1

FOR Convention Total area= 2130 sq.m. Total occupancy=600 1. RTT = Round Trip Time = Entrance Lobby Time + (Sn x floor serving time)+ Return Trip Time Entrance Lobby Time for a 14 Passenger Car = 12 s Floor Serving Time for a 14 Passenger Car = 1.25 s per floor Return Trip Time = Distance in one direction / Vc RTT = (12 x 2) + (2 x 1.25) + 12 =38.5 H = (300 x Q x 100)/T x P H = Handling capacity as the percentage of the peak population handled during 5 min. Q = Average number of passengers carried T = waiting interval P = Total population to be handled during peak period H is taken as 12% H = (300 x Q x 100)/T x P H is taken 12% 12= (300 x 80%14x 100)/ T X600 T = 40 T = RTT/N N = .95 = 1 TOILET CALCULATIONS FUNCTION

FACTOR

AMDIN

10 SQM/PER 51 1.4 SQM/PER 4767

CONVENTION AND MUSEUM

LIBRARY OTHER

OCCUPANCY

110 50

RATIO 25:1 200:1

NO. OF TOILET M-1, W-1 M-10, W-10 M-4,W-4 M-2, W-2

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SUSTAINABILITY Along with massing, orientation can be the most important step in provid- Sky light and the light well ining a building with passive thermal and visual comfort. Orientation should crease the day light factor inside be decided together with massing early in the design process, as neither the building. can be truly optimized without the other. As with massing for visual comfort, buildings should usually be oriented east-west rather than north-south. This orientation lets you consistently harness daylight and control glare along the long faces of the building. It also lets you minimize glare from the risFig.43. Orientation of built mass. 3rd is ing or setting sun. good option (Source : Pinterest)

Fig.44. Sky lighting option (Source : Pinterest)

Generally, orienting the building so that its shorter axis aligns with As the massing is oriented north prevailing winds will provide the most wind ventilation, while orienteast and south west, the sun ing it perpendicular to prevailing winds will provide the least passive shading device/ louver angle is ventilation. inspired by the tower of shadow.

Fig.42. Tower of Shadow Plans

(Source : Author)

However, buildings do not have to face directly into the wind to achieve good cross-ventilation. Internal spaces and structural elements can be designed to channel air through the building in different directions. In addition, the prevailing wind directions listed by weather data may not be the actual prevailing wind directions, depending on local site obstructions, such as trees or other buildings.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

TERRACE GARDEN Thermal emittance (re-radiation of absorbed heat), and solar reflectance (solar energy reflected back) of cool roofs is much higher than conventional roofs, which enables them to prevent solar radiation from being passed on to the interior of a building. These two properties can also be collectively measured in terms of Solar Reflectance Index (SRI). Higher the SRI value, more effective the cool roof is

Cool Roofs reduce annual air conditioning energy use of a single story building by up to 15%. 50mm course sand 300 GSM Non woven Fabrics filter media PCC screed for the sub grade slope RCC Fig.45. Section : Terrace Garden Layering

(Source : greenroofs.com)

Mitigating Heat Island Effect

Fig.46. Section : Planter Detail

(Source : Author)

Water run-off Reduction and Increase storage

Evaporative Cooling

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

STRUCTURE Tunnel Form Construction Tunnel form is a form-work system that allows the contractor to cast walls and slabs in one operation in a daily cycle. It combines the speed, quality and accuracy of factory/offsite production with the flexibility and economy of in-situ construction and is recognized as a modern method of construction.

Pre-Stressed Concrete Construction Pre stressed concrete is a form of concrete used in construction which is â&#x20AC;&#x153;pre-stressedâ&#x20AC;? by being placed under compression prior to supporting any loads beyond its own dead weight.

06 design determinants

INFERENCES

AREA RELATIONS

Research

Site Study

• Master plan of capitol complex has a strong geometry which determines the locate museum of knowledge and its center. • Buildings in capitol complex are monumental, therefore the Museum of knowledge should respond to the context as well as stand as the people’s building.

Site is located at the center of the capitol complex (head) . • This need to be consciously responded and the footfall is dependent to the development of site with respect to the context. • Capitol complex for an official government use, the capitol complex plaza assumes the character of high court and Assembly. Should be careful as to not disrupt functioning. Road level is 4m below at the one edge of the site and it slope up till the site level at the other end of the site. • Pedestrians will enter at the esplanade level through the tourist check point. • High solar heat gain from south and west side of the site. • Dominant wind flow from North-East

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Existing geometry of capitol complex

The placement of the museum of knowledge has been derived from the axis which connect the Assembly and high court building along with the center point of Assembly building forming the golden mean ration.

GEOMETRY

GEOMETRY RESPONSE

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

GREEN BUILD-ABLE ZONE

HIGH COURT VIEW

ASSEMBLY VIEW

PROHIBITED AREA

VIEW TOWARDS ASSEMBLY

PUBLIC PLAZA

VIEW TOWARDS HIGH COURT

CITY

TOURIST CENTER PEDESTRIAN CATCHMENT AREA

• Restricted build-able zone • Restricted Pedestrian and vehicular movement

DESIGN CONSTRAINTS

• Beautiful Panoramic view towards city side and towards sivalik hill side • Site is located in the enter of the capitol complex • Need of public plaza

SITE DETERMINANTS

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

S.W.O.T

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESSES

• Surrounding context is government buildings which restrict public movement in the capitol complex. • Height restrict pose a hindrance in design exploration. • The implementation of modular restricts designer to explore contemporary forms. • In capitol complex there are so many security protocols which are to br followed

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

• Site is oriented in north-east and south-west direction which help to channelizes the wind through site. • The concept of modular helps to create aesthetically and promotional spaces.

• Level of the road is 4.5m below the site at one edge of the site and slopes up till site level at the other end of the site therefore it allows to have different entries on different levels. • The modular theory derive the number of line diagram which guide the designer. • Due to security reasons pedestrians always enters from the tourist center so the reviling of site will have different experience for both pedestrians and for those traveling by road.

• Site is located at the top edge of the capital complex, doesn’t lie in any route, so footfall is based on developing the site as a main loci and destination site. • The site lies in the earthquake zone 4 of India, thus implies proper structural foundation.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT AS CURATOR OF MUSEUM STORY OF HISTORY/ STRUGGLE

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919 One of the most heart-rending chapters in the country’s history, the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre was an event that boils every Indian’s blood even today. A happy town in Punjab, Amritsar, was all decked up to celebrate the festival of Baisakhi on April 13, 1919, when a gathering of thousands of unarmed men, women, and children became the target of General Dyer ‘s shoot-at-sight orders. Death, destruction and blood followed, and it turned out to be the country’s saddest tragedy. Thereafter, the site, which still has bullet marks from almost a century ago, has become a national place of pilgrimage. However, tolerating something like this is not something that comes to us Indians.

• Lala lajpat Rai 1928 Lala Lajpat Rai, was an Indian freedom fighter. He played a pivotal role in the Indian Independence movement. He was popularly known as Punjab Kesari.

• Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and sukhdev 1931 The execution was a great blow to the sentiments of Indians who in turn were deeply moved and held demonstrations all over the country. There were many who blamed Mahatma Gandhi for not saving Bhagat Singh and held hartals in protest against the Mahatma.

• Partition of India 1947 Partition of India was the division of British India[a] in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.

• Formation of new capital, Chandigarh / Nek Chand garden1960 Chandigarh, the capital of the northern Indian states of Punjab and Haryana, was designed by the Swiss-French modernist architect, Le Corbusier. His buildings include the Capitol Complex with its High Court, Secretariat and Legislative Assembly, as well as the giant Open Hand Monument. The nearby Rock Garden is a park featuring sculptures made of stones, recycled ceramics and industrial relics.

• Trifurcation of Punjab 1966 Division of Punjab region on the bases of language.

• Green revolution 1960 Punjab was selected by the Indian government to be the first site to try the new crops because of its reliable water supply and a history of agricultural success. India began its own Green Revolution program of plant breeding, irrigation development, and financing of agrochemicals.

• IT revolution Gurgaon and mohali are two big it cities in Hryana nad Punjab respectively

07 design evolution & search

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

ORIGINAL LANDSCAPE

BUILD-ABLE SITE

SITE LANDSCAPE WITH BUILD-ABLE AREA

BUILT

EXTENT FOREGROUND OF MARTYRâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S MEMORIAL

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

FUNCTION

MUSEUM

CONVENTION

LIBRARY

Starting point

PATH (circulation)

Pradakshna path around deity

PLUG IN

FOCUS

Plug in the supporting facilities

Library is a knowledge center

The functional elements are arranged in a series of layer, recalling the past history which start from the Martyrâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s memorial. From the main entrance one moves along the main circulation/ axis which extent right up to the central courtyard or the energy center of the cosmos.

Cosmos

RESULTANT ZONING DIAGRAM

08 design development

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Fig.48. Plan

Fig.47. view

STAGE 1

Stepping the built form and create connecting levels

ADVANTAGES: • Sunk the whole built respect of neighboring context • The central open space is created which overlooked by all the functions DISADVANTAGES: • The built form is not evolved enough to accommodate all the functions. • Lack of connection between the neighboring context • A huge monolithic built form.

Fig.49. Section

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Fig.52. Plan

Fig.50. view

Placed library as a central built mass ADVANTAGES: • Add a mass which respond to the context as well as to the city. • This help me to design different function differently. • central building act like center of energy DISADVANTAGES: • Uniform stepping make the open space monolithic • Lack of space variation in museum

Fig.51. Section

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Fig.53. view

STAGE 3

Fig.54. Plan

Transforming the steps followed by series of terraces

ADVANTAGES: • The built form arranged around a central open space which has a water body as Fig.55. Section a foci (kund) • The entrance of the museum is kept through semi open space. DISADVANTAGES: • Disconnected Martyr’s memorial from the site • The central block is very monolithic, doesn’t respond to neighboring buildings.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

Fig.56. view

STAGE 4

Fig.57. Plan

An experiential walk connects Le corbusier esplanade with the central courtyard

ADVANTAGES: • Two large cut outs in the front facade gives the magnificent view of High court and Assembly. • The walk starts from the Martyr’s memorial and gradually slopes down to the museum entry. DISADVANTAGES: • Structural system required to reduce floor to floor height

Fig.58. Section

09 design drawings

Chandigarh Capitol complex is still incomplete, for a fourth building, the Museum of Knowledge was planned to accompany the existing Secretariat, Assembly Hall and High Court. Originally designated as the Governor’s Palace, it did not commensurate with Prime Minister Nehru’s idea of democracy, and therefore the plan was abandoned. Then ‘Museum of Knowledge’ was conceptualized. “Let this be a new town, symbolic of the freedom of India, unfettered by the traditions of the past.. an expression of the nation’s faith in the future” (Jawaharlal Nehru)

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PROPOSITION The Legislature, Judiciary and Executive body, all located in it context form the three pillars of Chandigarhâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s democracy to which the master Architect Le corbusier proposed - Museum Of Knowledge. Capitol complex, although being a place of importance is not open for the public. This Thesis aim to signify a peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s place forming the fourth pillar of Chandigarh and intends to achieve an expression which symbolize democracy as well as respects the master piece of architecture in context.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

DESIGN DERIVATIVES/ DEVELOPMENT

GEOMETRY

GEOMETRY RESPONSE

SITE DETERMINANTS

BUILD- ABLE ZONE

SITE

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

BUILT UNDERGROUND TO ACHIEVE F.A.R

EXTENT FOREGROUND OF MARTYRâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S MEMORIAL

FUNCTIONS

RESULTANT ZONING DIAGRAM

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

GEOMETRY DERIVATION

locating the center OF THE LIBRARY BLOCK from research

Le corbusier started with the square of 800x800m

From the line of assembly he drawn a square at the same dimension 400x400m

Divide the square in two part. Then drew a diagonal line in achieved rectangle and the extended the diagonal line outside the rectangle

Then he achieved guiding axis for the open hand

Then applied Golden Ratio rule in square and achieve the line of assembly and high court

Then an arch drawn from square, the point where the arch intersect the rectangle, was the point of Governor Palace, then place other buildings

The placement of museum of knowledge has been derived from the axis which connects the assembly and high court building along with the center point of assembly building forming a golden mean ratio.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

CONTEXT PLAN

The particular site is a prime location for such intervention, heritage in the context and people and culture around the site are contrastingly different and thus public space could act as a critical link between People of Chandigarh which will affect the lives of people not only on micro level but on macro or city level as well. Again, due to high level of urbanization, which is one of the reason for loss of identity of the city and importance of people, this is an attempt to restore it back.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SITE PLAN

key plan showing Application of golden mean ratio

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

3D VIEW LEVEL +29M

LEVEL +4M LEVEL +4M

LEVEL 00M

LEVEL -4M

LEVEL -8M

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PLAN AT -4M LEVEL

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PLAN AT -8M LEVEL

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

PLAN AT +4M LEVEL

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

LIBRARY BLOCK PLANS

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

LIBRARY BLOCK PLANS

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SECTIONS

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

SECTION The functional elements are arranged in a series of layer, recalling the past history which start from the Martyrâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s memorial. From the main entrance one moves along the main circulation/ axis which extent right up to the central courtyard or the energy center of the cosmos.

MUSEUM OF KNOWLEDGE

BIBLOGRAPHY Archasm (2017) Retrieve from :<http://archasm.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Chandigarh-Unbuilt_Completing-the-Capitol_MOK.pdf> Chandigarh urban lab Retrieve from:< http://chandigarhurbanlab.org/gallery/museum-of-knowledge/cul-the-projects_page_20-3/> Alexander Gorlin (1982) Retrieve from:< http://gorlinarchitects.com/essays/an-analysis-of-the-governors-palace-of-chandigarh/> Correa. C (1987): Chandigarh the view from Banares in Le corbusier book Allen H. Master Plans 2031: Development control, Master plan area, landuse Mapin: Le corbusier: Chandigarh and the modern city

101

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102

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JURY COMMENTS

JURY: Are you from Chandigarh? If no then why did you choose to work on this project as your thesis ? ME: No, I am not from Chandigarh. The reason for choosing this project was to put my architectural thought in front of an architecture which has a strong significance. I also wanted to question the existence Le Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s architecture present in the context. JURY: How have you responded to the context of Le Corbusier? ME: Le Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s modular man and strict golden mean ratio geometry ha been maintained in every aspect of my project. In doing so, I have respected the context which was built by Le corb and created a new language inside the complex The jurors like the design and project and complimented on the overall scheme. They felt that the design was contextually responded well with the quality of open spaces in front of the site. Jury appreciated the overall design as a unique approach and was well thought out.