MSc IUSD Wagenhallen Atlas by Nina Gribat

Wagenhallen Atlas Analyses for Strategic Design Projects

MSc Integrated Urbanism & Sustainable Design (IUSD) www.iusd.uni-stuttgart.de

Wagenhallen Atlas Analyses for Strategic Design Projects

MSc Integrated Urbanism & Sustainable Design (IUSD) www.iusd.uni-stuttgart.de

Supported by:

Federal Ministry of Education and Research

Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY

Content

1 Introduction by Philipp Misselwitz, Antje Stokman, Bernd Eisenberg, Nina Gribat, Yasar Adanali, and Moritz Bellers 2 Natural Environment, Climate by Lisa Deister, Zeina Elcheikh, Mohamed Amer Mahmoud Hegazy, Lobna Mitkees, and Omar Wanas 3 Statistics by Rasha Arous, Insaf Ben Othmane Hamrouni, Franziska Laue, and Sandy Qarmout 4 Built Environment by Ghevar Ismaiel, Mona Farouk El-Kabbany, Zaineb Madyouni, Nahla Nabil Makhlouf, and Ayham Mouad 5 Land-Use, Activities by Baher El-Shaarawy, Julia Hartmann, Mohammed Abdel Aziz Ibrahim, and Eslam Mohamed Mahdy Youssef 6 Policy, Planning, Participation by Manal Fakhouri, Pia Lorenz, Ebtihal Mohamed Zakaria Rashad, and Muna Shalan 7 References, Imprint

Introduction

The Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area is a special place. Although it is very close to Stuttgart’s city centre and main station and rather expansive, it is strangely tucked away behind railway lines and thoroughfares. Access points are obscured. But if one steps into the area a parallel universe unfolds, which is unlike any other site in the city: an obscure oasis filled with traces of the former railways use, now mostly overgrown or transformed by unusual activites and programmes. For some, mainly young Stuttgarters, the site has become an alternative destination to escape the normality, order and (to some) boredom of the city. The area has two distinct parts: the former area in which Deutsche Bahn (DB) railway-service industries were located (the Wagenhallen) and the surrounding residential areas that were initially constructed for DB workers (the Nordbahnhof). After the railway-service industries were closed down, several other forms of industrial land-use were established including a scrap yard, a paper factory and a cement factory. In recent years, artists, cultural entrepreneurs and a range of small companies obtained temporary contracts for disused buildings. The Nordbahnhof area attracted a diverse range of migrants as well as people on low to medium incomes. Due to a lack of affordable housing in Stuttgart, the area has also become an attractive alternative place to live for students or young families. So far, urban transformation has been ad-hoc and improvised without an imposed planning concept. Remains of the former use were appropriated in a pragmatic, low-budget and do-it-yourself style. Temporary users experimented with found materials and infrastructures. With the advent of the megaproject Stuttgart 21 (S21) this could change quickly and dramatically. The new scheme will radically reorganize Stuttgart’s railways system by relocating most tracks underground. Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area

will become the northern end of a vast, interconnected site freed from railway use, stretching all the way down to the main station: the largest and most attractive investment site in Stuttgart for decades to come. The site will soon loose its obscure, half-forgotten status and become a focus of diverse development interests. Planners, politicians and investors have already discussed a range of development options for the site. None of the plans proposed so far, however, has recognized the ongoing socio-cultural activities on the site. Urban and landscape design approaches, for instance, have mainly focused on the final urban form, proposing ordinary new urban quarters and parks that remove all traces of the past and present and smooth it in with the rest of the city. However, until all this happens, many years will pass. In the aftermath of the Stuttgart 21 protests, the city is in the defensive and needs to prove to all Stuttgarters that the land made available through the project will be developed innovatively as a public resource. A new debate is needed on the future of the site as well as courage to experiment with a different urban development approach. This atlas attempts to make a contribution to this debate by providing a comprehensive and sensitive analysis of the site – a “Sleeping Beauty” with unique physical and spatial qualities, full of social and cultural resources provided by its present users. The Atlas is therefore urging to look at the site as “already in transformation” – a transformation process that should not be wasted but carefully and sensitively developed. To accept and embrace “Sleeping Beauty” as a starting point for urban development process could provide new answers to timely questions: Can the use-oriented and actor-driven urbanisation which is already taking place on the site and which does not require a fixed long-term vision inform a new development approach? What rules and regulations are required for such an

open-ended, process-oriented development process in which the starting point is clear but the final vision is deliberately kept open? How much “certainty” in form of architectural, urban and landscape design interventions is necessary to support a concept of “planning for uncertainty”? Which local resources can be used as catalysts for further development? Which qualities need to be safeguarded during the development process? It is clear that processes that start from what is going on locally need to be based on thorough analyses that goes beyond conventional analyses in urban development projects. How can local strengths and opportunities be identified? What are weaknesses and threats? This atlas attempts to provide first steps towards answering these questions in addressing the following five topics of analysis: policy, natural environment and climate, built environment, statistics, land-use and activities. The Wagenhallen Atlas, thus, is a starting point for understanding the city differently and its results will be used as a resource for the strategic design developments in the further development of the “Transforming Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof Project” and hopefully beyond. Prof. Dr. Philipp Misselwitz Prof. Antje Stokman Dr. Bernd Eisenberg Dr. Nina Gribat Yasar Adanali Moritz Bellers

Natural Environment, Climate Methodology Environmental analysis is a critical task in any urban development project. In relation to Stuttgart 21 this is most evident because environmental issues have already brought the construction site to a series of halts. The environmental and climate analyses for Wagenhallen Atlas started with a brainstorming session, in which a mind map depicting the complexity of “the environment” was produced. The diagram was subsequently simplified to highlight the environmental conditions relevant to the city and the site. The next challenge was to tackle the inseparable relation between the environmental “whole” and the specifics of the site such as wind in relation to local air exchange, topography in connection to site levels. Detailed and intensive investigations on the Climate of Stuttgart city is already provided on the Homepage of the Department of Urban Climate of Stuttgart. In order to prevent repetition, the decision was made to focus on an analysis of the site’s local environmental issues and to only connect these with wider issues if there was a significant impact. The main topics handled in this chapter are: topography and the site’s levels, geology and ground coverage, emission levels, noise levels, local wind movement, ground water levels and the existing biotopes. To conclude the main topics, a SWOT-analysis compiling the factors affecting the site is provided.

stitute of Landscape Planning and Ecology of Stuttgart University (ILPÖ) was used as well as data from “City Climate 21” and the homepage of the VVS (Transport and Tariff Association Stuttgart). Data for the emission map was acquired from ILPÖ and “City Climate 21”. The emission levels of the surrounding streets were plotted on the presented map. By visiting the site at different times of day, the most prevailing local wind to the site was identified. The homepage of the Department of Urban Climate of Stuttgart was used to back up the site-observations with solid quantitative proof. Data regarding ground layers, soil contamination and ground water were acquired from the Department for Environmental Protection and ILPÖ. The ground cover materials were mapped based on site visits, personal recordings and analysis of aerial photographs. In addition to the sources used in the geology section, the information on Stuttgart’s spring water was obtained from the Department of Environmental Protection of Stuttgart. The mapping of existing biotopes was developed on the basis of observations on-site and the analysis of aerial pictures. The classification chosen is derived from the “Kartierschlüssel für Biotoptypen in Niedersachsen” by Olaf von Drachenfels (2004). The information about the protected biotopes in the Wagenhallen area and its surroundings were taken from GIS Data provided by the Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen and Naturschutz, Baden-Württemberg. In interviews on These various topics and analyses were based on several site different users indicated the existence of endangered information-gathering techniques: species such as the Blue-winged grasshopper. Further The surrounding topographical characteristics of the research on species and their natural habitats was consite were gathered from the Homepage and the CD-Rom ducted, which formed assumptions of potential (on-site) “City Climate 21” of the Department of Urban Climate of habitats of the three endangered species. These were Stuttgart. The information was simplified to show only indicated on a map. the required ranges of topographical data. The levels of the site were extracted from a 3D model of the WagenLisa Deister, Zeina Elcheikh, Mohamed Amer Mahmoud hallen and Nordbahnhof site. From site visits the main Hegazy, Lobna Mitkees, and Omar Wanas sources of noise and the range of its influence were determined. In addition, data regarding noise of the In-

The Complexity of the Environment

Our environment consists of a large number of different ecosystems which all include different abiotic (=non-living, e.g. climate, water, soil) and biotic (= living, flora and fauna) components. It is important to understand the relations between these components and resulting processes in order to appropriately consider environmental aspects in planning or to re-design them properly.

Flora

Fauna

The mind map (Fig. 1) is supposed to abstractly represent the main processes and relations which are important for the Wagenhallen-Area. The thermal situation of a site is for instance influenced by the solar radiation it is subjected to, the current sky cover as

well as the surface materials. In combination with other aspects like precipitation and geology, they have an impact on ground water recharge. Changing one component can have influence on several processes which are again interlinked with other ones. Planners have to be aware of the complex networks they intervene with. Explanations in more detail and the interlinkage with the site are provided on the following pages.

Radiation

Sky Cover

Noise

Surface Materials

Pressure

Thermal Situation

Topography

Wind Flow

Built Envi.

Emissions Preceptation

Geology

Ground Water

Fig. 01: Mind Map. Source: Authors

Air Movement

Stuttgart‘s Urban Climate

Wagenhallen-Area

City centre h-

c ba

ley

l Va

Topography

Wind

Stuttgart’s climate is much influenced by its position in the basin of the river Neckar and the surrounding mountain range of the Black Forrest in the West, the Swabian Alb in the South as well as the Schurwald in the East and the Strom- and Heuchelberg region in the Northwest. These mountain ranges reach heights of up to 500m asl. The only opening to the Neckar is along the valley of the Nesenbach stream. (Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2004)

Wind is characterised by its speed and its direction. Its function is to exert push and pull forces, to transport particles, to create air exchange, aeration, drifts and heat transfer as a consequence of turbulences and to make noises. It regulates the spreading of air pollutants and therefore plays a major role for the air hygiene in cities. (Foundation for Nature and Environment of the Landesbank Baden-Wuerttemberg, 1977) A decisive element of Stuttgart‘s climate is the light wind, which is not only the result of the city‘s position between two hights of the Keuper plains. The whole Neckar Valley is known for low wind speeds and very frequent lulls. This is the result of small air pressure differences in the region. On the other hand, the axis of the Nesenbach valley is due south west and so the orientation of the axis helps tunnel the prevailing winds in the direction of the city (Fig.3). The most likely wind rose to describe the local wind is the wind rose at Stuttgart airport. The direction of the most frequent (21 % on average) and also strongest winds here is 240° (westsouthwest) the winds frequency increases during night time (38% on average) as a result of the cold winds formed in the valley due to the topography (Fig. 4, 5). The average wind speed at the airport is 2.5 m/s, which is very low. (Office for Environmental Protection 2012)

s Ne

Fig.02: Topography of Stuttgart Source: Baummüller 2008, modified

Fig.03: Wind Flow Through the Nesenbach Valley Source: author

Fig.04: Wind Rose at Night. Source: Office for Environmental Protection 2012, modified

Fig.05: Wind Rose During Day. Source: Office for Environmental Protection 2012, modified

Heat Island Effect, Temperature and Precipitation

Fig.06: Precipitation in Stuttgart. Source: Authors

Mostly due to the position on the lee side of the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb Stuttgart has very little precipitation comparing to other regions in Germany. Warm moist air is blocked by the mountains. Due to winds it is pulled up, condenses and precipitates in front of the mountains. Then the air descends on the Stuttgart’s site, but as it has lost most of its moisture there is not a lot of precipitation in the city. (Wikipedia 2012) Stuttgart is located in one of the warmest

regions in Germany. This is due to its position on the lee side of the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb and the resultant high average of sunshine hours. In addition, temperatures increase inside the city of Stuttgart in consequence of the heat island effect which is mainly caused by the surface materials used in the urban area. They effectively retain heat. (Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2004, Wikipedia 2012a)

Temperature in °C

Precipitation in mm

Late afternoon temperature °C

Stuttgart centre

Fig.07: Heat Island Effect. Source: EULEB, modified

Fig.08: Climograph Stuttgart. Source: Computer simulation by climate consultant software, modified

Levels and Natural Boundaries of the Wagenhallen-Area and its Surroundings The topographical analysis is essentially a basis for the local wind flow, noise and emission analysis. The site is surrounded by the vineyards on the North and by the Pragfriedhof height on the West (Fig. 09). The site slopes horizontally from west to east, it starts with a steep of 4m difference between the site and Heilbronner Str. This difference in level is one of the main reasons the site is sometimes described as secret or secluded. It then continues to slope slightly with a ratio of 1:100 towards Nordbanhof St. longitudinally. The slope from the train tracks towards the Cemetery (North to South) is negligible (Fig. 10, 11).

B B/

‘

A/A‘

Fig.09: Topography of Wagenhallen-Area and Surroundings Source: Authors

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Fig. 10: Horizontal Section A/A‘: Local Wind Flow. Source: Authors

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Fig. 11: Longitudinal Section B/B‘: Local Wind Flow. Source: Authors

Geology, Land Charactaristics and Construction Obstacles

Geological Layers

is enriched with sulfatic rock (gypsum), but in contact with groundwater it is The study of the underground layers of already dissolved the soil and the geology gives insight on Stuttgart is well known of its underthe natural compositions and is essential ground and spring water. In any urban in order to understand the effect of any intervention the effects on the ground intervention, bearing in mind any water must be taken into consideration environmental composition. because there will be a high risk for transferring existing contaminations into The following model is to show the the ground water. At the Wagenhallen underground geologicl layers of the study and Nordbahnhof site the ground water area specifically between the Nordbahn- level declines from West to East. Near hof (Wagenhallen) from the West to the Wagenhallen it is at approximately 265 Nordbahnhof Strasse East. mNN. The geological layers underneath the mentioned area are: Qauternary: 5 to 7 m thick, consists of solifluctional material, predominant: clay and silt with small pieces of claystone and sandstone (so-called „Fließerde“). Underneath the Quaternary is hard rock, socalled Gipskeuper, predominant: claystone, siltstone with intercalations of dolomitic layers, claystone and siltstone are strongly weathered. Originally claystone Fig. 12: Geological Layers, Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart Amt für Umweltschutz (1996) Hydrogeologie und Baugrund, Schutz der Mineral- und Heilquellen.

The Gipskeuper

Fig. 13: Gipskeuper reaction with oxygen Source: Dr. Behmel

It is observed that the Gipskeuper is highly dominant in the underground layers. One of the main characteristics of it is that it reacts with oxygen and afterwards expands endangering any project unless oxygen leakage is tightly observed. From an environmental point of view it can be considered a benefit as it is an obstacle to the construction of any mega projects. Furthermore, Gipskeuper benefit the dry habitat that is featuring the area.

Surface Materials

Gravel, Rails, Pioneer Plants

Vegetation

The surface materials have various effects on the surrounding built or natural environment. They affect the concentration of the heat island effect, the ground water recharge intensity and their effects of geological layers. The heat island effect mainly depends on the porosity level of the surface material: the higher the porosity, the more it decreases the heat island effect.

Gravel, Rails

Gravel High Porosity

Gravel-Sand-Clay Realtively low porosity Asphalt Construction Site Fig. 14: Land Cover Map, Source: Authors

Clay High Porosity Fig. 15: Material Porosity Source: Ami Adini & Associates, Inc.

Construction Restrictions Due to Soil Contamination Sealed Soil on Site Sealing of the soil surface with different material is directly affecting the geological layers and their quality. The more the soil is sealed the more the underground layer quality declines. However it is inversely propotional to the water recharge: the higher soil is sealed, the lower water recharge will be transferred to the underground. The map (Fig.16 ) indicates the level of sealed soil in the study area. The road network, the scrap yard the built up areas exhibit a very high sealing level and very low recharge level because they are covered by asphalt. In addition, the office area north west of the Wagenhallen is paved with relativly high sealing level.

Sealing level VI (>90%) Sealing level IV (56-75%)

On the other hand, the former railyards and the cemetery have a relatively low sealing surface as they are covered with gravel and clay respectivley. Note: The original figure did not include the Scrap yard as a highly sealed area but with sealing level of IV (56-75%). However, based to field visits it was recognied that the owner of the scrap yard had to seal the surface in order to not transfer pollution to the underground soil. There is some indication of the contamination of the current soil.

Sealing level V (76-90%) Sealing level I (<=15%)

Fig. 16: Sealed Surface: Source: Script by the Office for Environmental Protection - No. 1/2009, Modified by Authors

Potential Contamination Multi-layer of Fyrosol Pararendzina, in some places industrial waste and a seal of the older industrial areas.

Waste Oil/Doxin

Onsite story: The area was very contaminated, and to start his project he has to decontaminate the area and even to seal the soil to prevent more contamination happens during his kind of work on the site. Those kinds of contamination are making a threat regarding the natural fossil water and the spring water of the city, and as well it has some constrains regarding any kind od construction on the site, and in some cases the construction project has to pay more money to de-contaminate the soil.

Waste Source of photos on the left: script by the Office for Environmental Protection â&#x20AC;&#x201D; No. 1/2009

Hydrocarbons/Doxin built area potentially contaminated area industrial landscape green area concrete

Tar/Gas Work

Contamination on site Source: Script by the Office for Environmental Protection â&#x20AC;&#x201D; No. 1/2009, modified

Sources and Levels of Emissions

A very important source of nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) is traffic. Only a relatively small percentage can be attributed to domestic fuel. Business and industry contribute even less and the emissions are confined to only few of the areas under consideration. After the updating of the immission inventory, data on the following pollutants will be available in the form of a 1-km raster: SO2, NO/NO2, CO, O3, benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethyl benzene, trichlorethene, tetrachlorethene, sedimenting particulate matter, components of sedimenting particulate matter (Pb, Cd, Tl, As), airborne particles, components of airborne particles (Pb, Cd, As, Ni), soot, asbestos, BaP. The short-term concentration of nitrogen dioxide along heavily frequented roads (Heilbronner Straße, Pragstraße, Wolframstraße, Willy-Brandt-Straße, Cannstatter Straße) partly reaches more than 160 µg/m³ in 1995. These values exceed the inspection value of the 23rd Federal Immission Control Ordinance for traffic guidance and restriction measures. In areas far from roads, the short-term values drop to about 50 µg/m³ and the ambient air concentration will drop only slightly until 2000. The average benzene concentration also exceeds the inspection values of the 23rd Federal Immission Control Ordinance in 1995, which is 15 µg/m³ and 10 µg/m³ along main roads. It is the same for soot, which exceeds the inspection values of 14 and 8 µg/m³. The benzene concentration far from roads, however, drops to between 2.5 and 5 µg/m³, that of soot to between 2 and 4 µg/m³. The ambient air concentration of benzene is expected to decrease significantly until 2000.

>=0.05Kg/(m year) >=0.1Kg/(m year) >=0.1Kg/(m year) Fig.17: Emissions

Road Transport’s Percentage Contribution to Air Pollution

Fig. 19. Source: http://www.smhi.se/polopoly_ fs/1.1687!image/Scenarieverktyg02.jpg_gen/derivatives/ fullSizeImage/Scenarieverktyg02.jpg, modified

Fig.18. Source:http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/briefings/ road_air_pollution_health.pdf

>=0.01Kg/(m year) Benzene >=0.01Kg/(m year) Nox >=0.01Kg/(m year) Soot

Noise Levels Related to Activies on Site

43-75 dB

70-100 dB

90-100 dB

Fig. 20 -22: Noise sources and their sound level. Sources: www.clipartof.com, author, http://www.vectorstock. com/i/composite/29,71/62971/train-vector.jpg

Territory according to the Federal Land Utilisation Ordinance MK, GE (buiness and commercial area)

Day

Night

MI (mixed area for both business and residential buildings) WA (residential area)

Fig. 23: Sound tecnological reference value in dB. Source: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2004

Fig. 24: Assessment of dB. Source: L채rmaktionsplan der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2009 Fig.25: Noise sources and their locations

8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Fig. 26: Average number of U-Bahn (hatch), S-Bahn (dark green) and Buses (light green) during the day (per line) at the stations surrounding the Wagenhallen-Area Source: author, data from www.vvs.de

The Local Wind Movement and its Inverse Relation with Urbanisation

12-25%

+++°C

26%

+°C

Fig.27 (top): Reflection Rate of Asphalt in %, Fig. 28 (middle): Reflection Rate of Lawn in %, Fig. 29 (bottom): Local Winds Due to Different Temperatures Source: author

Warm Areas

Cold Areas

Fig. 30 (left): Thermal Situation after Sunset, Fig. 31 (right): Thermal Situation before Sunrise Source: Baummüller 2008, modified

B B/

‘

Thermal Situation

A/A‘

difference in air pressure. This difference in pressure motivates the movement of The thermal situation is influenced by downhill local wind from the surroundthe surface material (as well as other ing heights and green zones to the criteria) and depends on its reflection relatively hot urban zones. This maincharacteristics and its thermal conductiv- tains the ventilation and cooling down of ity. As Stuttgart is a city with a lot of days the built up zones. It is worth mentioning with heat stress due to the heat island that the surface properties of the railway effect, the conservation of areas with tracks -thermally- resemble green spaces. lower temperatures than the average is Even though they heat up during day, very important to improve the bioclithey rapidly cool down after sunset and mate. aid the local wind movement. (VERThe thermal situation through the day BAND REGION STUTTGART 2008) follows a cycle: in the morning, the sun Local Wind heats up the built-up area through the day (residential zone and office/commerThrough various site visits, it was cial zone) and the railway tracks. Due to the thick green coverage the Mönchhalde discovered that the wind flow from Mönchhalde vineyard is the most previneyard, the Cemetry, the Rosenstein vailing to the site throughout the whole Park and the Pragfriedhof height are day. This is due to the lack of urbanised prevented from heating up. They maintain a thermally cooler level than the rest areas. Wind barriers and obstacles are absent. The effect of the wind from the of the city. After sunset, the built up Pragfriedhof height is hardly felt on the areas begin to gradually emit the heat gained throughout the day. Furthermore, site due to the heights and density of the buildings. the difference in temperature between the aforementioned zones creates a

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Fig. 32: Local winds. Source: Authors

Fig. 33: Section A/A‘: Local Wind Flow. Source: Author

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0 -16

Fig. 34: Section B/B‘: Local Wind Flow. Source: Authors

Mineral Water Zones and the Degree of Land Conservation The legally established source protection area extends to 775 km square. It focuses on the hydro-geological sensitive areas. The recharge area extends from the Wurm to Sindelfingen, and continues via the direct inflow path to the mineral and medicinal springs in Stuttgart and to the headwaters of Neckar Valley, Cannstatter and lower Nesenbachtal. The total area is divided according to qualitative and quantitative criteria for protection with the aim of the conservation of natural properties. It is graded according to the hazard potential for each zone outlining different rules and prohibitions. Three zones are distinguished to protect the mineral water system from the entry of anthropogenic substances: Core, Inner and Outer zone.

Fig.35: Spring Water Source Source: Kur- und B채derbetriebe Stuttgart 2008, modified

Fig.36: Spring water is located under the upper Muschelkalk layer. Source: Kur- und B채derbetriebe Stuttgart 2008, modified

Outerzone The core and inner zones of the higher protection area are focused on the Neckar Valley and the central Nesen Cannstatt in the Stuttgart basin river valley. The Wagenhallen area lies in the Inner zone under the Rosenstein Park. That means it lies in a higher conserved area. (Kur- und B채derbetriebe Stuttgart 2008)

Fig.37: Three Protection Zones Grades Source: Kur- und B채derbetriebe Stuttgart 2008, modified

Inner Zone

Core Zone

Biotope Mapping

Stuttgart is widely known for its natural protected areas, which are located within the city. However, the study area of the Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof offer different types of dry biotopes, which are located in the surroundings of the site. Due to repeated site visits, observation and surveying, a biotope mapping exercise was conducted to identify the vegitation of the area and possible types of species.

The map illustrates these different types of biotopes and their classification, including the allotment gardens, cemetery, scrap yard, the ruderal vegitation which is located in the railways and the scrap yard located in the middle of the site.

It is recorded that one of the main characteristics of the site is the ruderal biotope which is considered as a potential for dry habitat. It differs considerably from the the dominant type of city biotopes. Railways are also considered as a dominant residence for certain types of species. The scrap yard is located in the middle of the site. It is a source of pollution and a disturbance for the dominant species on site. The scrap yard has continuous noise pollution.

Densed Ruderal Shrubs

Cemetery

Ruderal Vegetation

Allotment Gardens

Scrap Yard

Greenery

Construction Sites

Buildings

Traffic Activities

Fig. 38 Biotope Mapping Source: Author

Potential Habitats for Endangered Species

Cemetery

Allotment Gardens

The Cemetery is a well maintained urban green zone. It is characterized by a thick green coverage of trees and encloses protected biotopes. Existing plants: ordinary cemetery bed plantings with perennial herbs and shrubs, often deciduous, with partly seasonal plantings (geophytes); lawns; mixed hedges and trees which are mainly planted and partly of considerable age. Status and trend of development due to maintenance or other interventions: continuous maintenance of the bed plantings, the lawn and the shrubs and trees within the for people reachable area

The Allotment Gardens are located in sepecific location in the site. They consist of plots of land for individual, non-professional gardening. Usually they are well maintained private green zones. Existing plants: hedges of different shrubs; smaller trees and fruit trees; olericulture in small scale, flower beds with perennial herbs and geophytes Status and trend of development due to maintenance or other interventions: continuous maintenance of the flower beds and olericulture, trimming of hedges and trees.

Fig. 39: Public Space of Cemetery, Source: Author

Hedge on the northern edge of the Prague cemetery

Fig. 40: Public Space of Cemetery

Biotopes and Habitats

Greenery

There are biotopes in the cemetery recorded under special protection according to § 32 of the Federal Nature Conservation Act. It is considered as a single biotope. According to to § 29 it is a protected landscape component. All acts that may lead to the destruction, damage or alteration of the protected landscape component are prohibited. In case they cannot be avoided they have to be compensated in an appropriate way.

What is meant by greenery is the surrounding plants and habitats that are located dominantly in different locations around the area. These biotopes act as a connector that links different habitats surrounding the area and facilitates the movement of species. Existing plants: lawn, hedges, flower beds with representative perennial herbs and geophytes. Status and trend of development due to maintenance or other interventions: continuous and permanent maintenance and trimming.

Dry stone walls in northern Prague cemetery Fig. 45: Protected Biotope, Source: LUBW.Baden GIS Data

Fig. 42: JuchtenKafer, Authors

Juchtenkäfer The Juchtenkäfer is considered a type one in the European Habitats Directive, which is strictly protected. It lives in old trees with hollows and can be found around the opening of the brood cavities in trees. Due to the disturbance of their habitats by urban sprawl , they adapted to urban habitats in cemeteries, parks and avenues. It flies from May to August, but mainly in July leaving marks on the tree it leaves to find its way back to it in the next year.

Fig. 41: Public Space of Cemetery

Ruderal Vegetation

Blue-Winged Grasshopper

According to site observations, the Ruderal vegetation is spread along different locations. The main location is in the areas were the railways of the Outer Nordbahnhof and the railways where the waggons are located. It is mainly charactarised by the spontaneously grown grass and shrubs as the area was no longer in use and left over to nature. Existing plants: pioneer species such as Conyza Canadensis, Atriplex prostrata, Melilotus albus, Solidago canadensis, Solidago gigantea and first woods as indication of advanced succession such as Buddleja davidii Status and trend of development due to maintenance or other interventions: woods indicate the advance of the succession, man-made interventions just in some areas (paths), mainly areas without disturbance resulting in more woods which will establish and eliminate the annual and perennial herbs, densification of vegetation and change of species visibly.

Prefers hot dry wasteland and bare areas with very sparse vegetation such as dry grass where sand pits or gravel surfaces are found. The Blue-winged Grasshoppers adapts to the color of its habitat since the beginning of its growth and so any sudden change of habitat puts the grasshopper at risk.

Fig. 43: Blue- Winged Grashopper

Fence Lizard

Fig. 44: Fence Lizard

Lives and adapts to different types of habitats but mostly common in dry areas. These includes habitats such as dry forest margins, gravel pits, wild gardens and similar habitats. It avoids very wet or heavily shaded habitats.

Swot Weaknesses and Threats • Increased urbanisation in the

western area acts as an obstacle to the local wind coming from the Pragfriedhof height.

• A conflict may arise between the

site‘s urban climate role and its strategic location close to the city center.

• The increased noise level on the

site due to construction, industrial activities and transportation.

• Increase of emissions coming from

other sources such as fine dust, GHG.

Fig. 46: Weaknesses and Threats. Source: Authors

Swot Strengths and Opportunities • The lack of urbanization in the

Nordbahnhof area allows the flow of local wind from the vineyards all through the site.

• The Wagenhallen zone acts as a

passage for thermally induced air between Pragfriedhof Cemetery and urbanized housing zone. Thus, development of the Wagenhallen area might be possible if air corridors are maintained (alignment of buildings).

• The Movement of the overhead

railway tracks underground will effectively decrease the noise pollution in the site.

• The railroad tracks decrease the

heat island effect within the city and act as a catalyst for nightly air movement in a way resembling open green spaces.

• The relatively high percentage of

unsealed soil in the site allows the recharge of groundwater.

• The site levels and topography

decreases the noise pollution that reaches it. They veile the site allowing nature to take over and encouraging the formation of new habitats.

• The Cemetery shields the site from noise pollution from the Southern border.

• The site lies in the inner zone of

the spring water valley, which adds restrictions on construction work.

• The presence of 4 nature-protected

biotopes and diverse habitats in the Cemetery zone calls for Green corridors throughout the site to secure the passage of Fauna between the open green areas in the zone.

• The formation of a new unique

habitat in the Nordbahnhof area that attracted rare species such as: The blue winged grasshopper and the sand lizard.

• The Noise due to construction is temporary.

• The presence of Gipskeuper layer in ground geology is a strength for the natural environment as it acts as an obstacle to excessive intervention.

Fig. 47: Strenghts and Opportunities. Source: Author

Statistics

Methodology First, basic indicators that were needed to gain an overall idea about the area were identified. These indicators were thought to provide a framework for the future transformation project, indicating current trends and interesting issues on site and in the neighbouring community. The main sources of data were obtained from the Department of Statistics of the City of Stuttgart. However, not all the data was available and most of it was disaggregated according to the subdivisions of the statistical areas. This is why some of the missing data had to be generated from other resources.

When findings started to emerge they were completed with further consultations of the literature and secondary data. Definitions of the different indicators and what they exactly mean in the German context were identified from online resources and were added to this chapter to support the discussion of different indicators. As shown in the introduction, data of the statistics department related to particular statistical areas and it is mainly derived from inhabitants. It is thus very important to conceptualize what the data applies to exactly and what this means for areas that are not inhabited as they fall under the radar of official statistics.

Data was selected according to relevance for the area of concern and to those in close proximity to it. In order Rasha Arous, Insaf Ben Othmane Hamrouni, Franziska to point out the specificities of the area, comparisons Laue, and Sandy Qarmout were made to other areas in Stuttgart Nord and to the whole of Stuttgart. Sometimes, when required, larger scale comparisons were made, i.e. with Germany. When the findings were unusual or worth noticing, this was highlighted in the analysis. The wider literature was consulted in order to relate the finding to a discussion on potential causal factors. Illustrations show the general trends, significant findings were highlighted. The illustrated findings are based on different sources. Three sets of data represent the main sources for the different analyses: the 2011 survey from the Department of Statistics of the City of Stuttgart; the Social Atlas (Sozialatlas) and data from Stuttgart North which was published in 2009. In addition, some empirical data was generated through site visits and primary data collection methods. This applies to data on indicators such as number of Kindergarten places in the area, number of artists in Wagenhallen, estimated number of people using Wagenhallen and the business district, destinations for night-life in Stuttgart, different religions in Stuttgart and the area. These were collected in on-site visits.

Introduction

Heilbro nn er S traße

Heil ronner Straße

ße Nordbahnhofstra

...str

e, c emetary

Statistics offer valuable information about the area of study on different scales. They further help in identifying specific trends and in forecasting them into the future. Therefore, statistics are an essential tool of informationgathering, of making comparisons and analyses. In any planning exercise, it is important to have a thorough knowledge of the area and to identify the planned “action” after taking into consideration the particularities and needs in qualitative and quantitative terms in relation to the larger picture. Statistics also provides a benchmark for future monitoring and evaluation. However, too much statistical information can cause distraction and confusion. It is the planner‘s responsibil-

ity to identify the scope of the necessary information and the direction of analysis. It is also important to keep in mind that abstract data is sometimes hard to understand and that interesting findings are sometimes not obvious. The statistical data were highlighted specifically for the areas: 126/127/128/129 (and partly 131) because they are affected directly by the transformation project. Administrative boundaries often correspond to physical boundaries such as streets, topography, or railways.

aß

The role of statistics

500

Kartengrundlage ©: Stadtmessungsamt

Stadtbezirksgrenze Stadtteilgrenze

Meter 1500

1000

Stadtteil mit Nummer

Kartografie: Statistisches Amt

above: Wagenhallen area within the statistical area 126 (orange area)

Datenkompass Stadtbezirke Stuttgart 2010/2011

Nr. 125 Weißenhof

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Nr. 126 Nordbahnhof

Nr. 124 Killesberg

Nr. 129 Auf der Prag

Nr. 130 Mönchhalde

n ce fe

t.s

s tr

k s. t

re et

.street.street.street

s tr

.street.

k strac

. ce

t ree t.

t.street

street.s

.fe n ce.

ree t

500

Meter 1500

1000

Stadtbezirksgrenze Stadtteilgrenze Stadtteil mit Nummer

- Wagenhallen - Housing area - Business and administration district - Train tracks - Memorial - Cement and scrap plant

- Cemetery, Church - Housing - Gardeners - Local business

- Train tracks - Local businesses (Club, etc.) - Scattered housing

- No homogenous area - Large proportion of developable area - Scattered distribution of settlements - Potential for multiple use - Area not strongly connected to neighboring zones (except for children that play on the area) - Area already subject to planning and use negotiation (conﬂictual situation)

- Mixed use - Large proportion of cemetery - Limited number of inhabitants

- Mixed use - Large proportion of infrastructure coverage - Train tracks and train maintenance area - Limited number of inhabitants (2-4) - Subject to park-project within the frame of Stuttgart 21 - project

- Mixed use - High density of population - Ethnical and cultural diversity - Large proportion of unclear socioeconomic data beyond statistical representation (religion, real income, etc.) - Area with the large diverse social composition of compared areas - Direct neighboring to Wagenhallen area - Lack of relevant business and educational infrastructure

- Could serve needs of neighbourhood - Could serve all the city - Potential on different scales of planning - Multi-programme aproach - Create mixed use rather than zoning

- No large inﬂuence on possible development on the area — use wise and stakeholderwise

- No direct inﬂuence on possible development on the area - use wise - Might create pressure on land value of adjacent areas in the future - Quality will make the area viable and attractive - „Melting point“-potential

- Inﬂuencial to possible development on the area if inhabitants are considered as stakeholders - Not much relation to other parts

- Data derives from 3 zones in the area - The business center is not covered in statistical collection as not inhabited

- Data derives from the inhabited fringe parts of the area - Cemetery center is not covered in statistical collection as not inhabited - Additional data through interviews on social security

- Data derives from the inhabited fringe parts of the area - Train tracks area is not covered in statistical collection as not inhabited

- Data derives from entire inhabited parts of the area

- Park as buffer - reduces relation between areas - Neutral terrain - Limited passageway for neighborhood - No change of function or infrastructure

- Not much data available - Second area with high potential for projects for the beneﬁt of the city and / or the neighborhood

- Large proportion of available data unknown on real values - Up to interpretation - Dual aspect of characteristics - a new project in area 126 (Wagenhallen area) could be in favor or against this area - Uncertainty of the area in the future

Constratints

Data coverage

Possibilities

Comprising

Kartografie: Statistisches Amt

Result of data

Kartengrundlage ©: Stadtmessungsamt

Nr. 127 Am Pragfriedhof

Nr. 131 Heilbronner Straße

Nr. 121 Relenberg

Nr. 128 Am Rosensteinpark

Data deriving from (orange areas), Borders of areas

Nr. 122 Lenzhalde

cks.trac k

tr a

st r

.tr

tr a ck s.

e.street. e . fen

street.street.street.s

.fe n ce.f

129 Auf der Prag

f e nc

fence .fe

Nr. 123 Am Bismarckturm

et .

str e

128 Am Rosensteinpark

127 Am Pragfriedhof

126 Nordbahnhof

- No pure data on Wagenhallen and adjacent buildings - Due to small number of persons registered in the area of Wagenhallen, lack has to be compensated by other surveys and interviews

121 Relenberg

122 Lenzhalde

- Direct spatial connection to area 131 (Heilbronner Str.) - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses

- No direct spatial connection to project or analysis areas - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area - Rarely interaction between areas

123 Am Bismarckturm

124 Killesberg

125 Weißenhof

- No direct spatial connection to project or analysis areas - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses - Park

- Directly adjacent to area of Wagenhallen - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses, university - Park, heritage site

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area - Rarely interaction between areas

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area, divided by large road and Business district - Rarely interaction between areas

- Housing - Local businesses (Club, etc.) - Education facilities

130 Mönchhalde

- Directly adjacent to area of Wagenhallen - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses - No direct relation to Wagenhallen area, divided by large road and Business district - Rarely interaction between areas

131 Heilbronner Str.

- Mixture, diversity - indirectly inﬂuencial on the use of the Wagenhallen area if considered - Few current interest in the area by large proportion of neighbors - Few exchange so far

Overview of Topics LEGEND

Sta

pop All Stuttgart ulation Stuttgart Nord size.gen der.nation ality.migra tion backgroun d. religion.birth.de ath.in-migration.out-migra Sta Stammheim Mühl Mühlhausen tion. duration of occupancy.seco Zu Zuffenhausen ndary homes.numbers of household Weil Weil im Dorf Mün Münster members.number of children in househ Feu Feuerbach olds. single parents.dwellings.land use.edu Ca Bad Cannstatt N cation.primary Nord (North) school education.secon O Ost (East) school education.day care cent M dary Mitte (Centre) W West ers.illiteracy rate.professions.net inco S Süd (South) me.unemployment rate.welfare.pu Bo Botnang Wa Wangen blic security.marital status.artists.as Un Untertürkheim socia tionObertürkheim s.elections.popu Ob Hed latio Hedelﬁngen n density.ar Si Sillenbuch eaDeof li Degerloch ving s Bi Birkach pace.c Plie Plieningen Mö Möhringen ommut Vai Vaihingen ing Rot- & Schwarzwildpark

Mühl Zu Mün

Weil

Feu

Ca N

Bo Rot& Schwarzwildpark

M W

Hed

Vai Mö

Plie

LEGEND

Legend for Maps

Stuttgart Nord eastern part

All Stuttgart

Stuttgart Nord western part

Stuttgart Nord

121 Relenberg 122 Lenzhalde 123 Am Bismackturm

125 126

124

129 130

123

131

124 Killesberg

128

125 Weißenhof

127

Sta Mühl

126 Nordbahnhof Zu

127 Am Pragfriedhof

122

Mün

128 Am Rosensteinpark

121

Weil

Feu

129 Auf der Prag

130 Mönchhalde 131 Heilbronner Str.

Bo Rot& Schwarzwildpark

Wa S Hed

Mö

Nordbahnhof 126

Am Pragfriedhof 127

Am Rosensteinpark 128

Auf der Prag 129

Heilbronner Straße 131

How to read the graphs?

= Area charts can be read as pie charts The data is to be read according to the concentric proportion, (not to be read according to its volume)

Area graphs can be read as bar graphs. Data can be read from bottom to top, describing proportions and differences to other areas or times

Vai

Plie

Sta

Stammheim

Mühl

Mühlhausen

Zuffenhausen

Weil

Weil im Dorf

Mün Feu Ca N O M W S Bo

Münster Feuerbach Bad Cannstatt Nord Ost Mitte West Süd Botnang

Wangen

Un Ob Hed Si

Untertürkheim Obertürkheim Hedelﬁngen Sillenbuch

(North) (East) (Centre) (South)

De Degerloch Bi Birkach Plie Plieningen Mö Möhringen Vai Vaihingen Rot- & Schwarzwildpark

Stuttgart Nord eastern part Stuttgart Nord western part 121 Relenberg

A Population Getting Older ...

Population data is important for identifying the needs of people in quantitative terms disaggregating them according to gender and to age groups births and deaths incidences. It further helps in deciding on the scale of the design project and the target group of population.

Data does not show that there is a higher percentage of older population as referred to in the city scale in general, and this might has to be with the special composition of people in this area who are mostly from immigration background.

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Non German percen

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Population

Numbers of German Inhabitants December 2011

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Non German German

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

Ages Ages Population by Age Group and Gender

Population PopulationBy ByAge Agegroup group

19198

December 2011 * December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

24.491 4%

Year

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

2010

2000

1980

Population in the Different Zones 565.912 inhabitants 2009

December 2011

576.700 inhabitants 2030

Kilometer 0

0,5

German

Proportion of Inhabitants

Source : Statistics office

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

1990

North East South West Middle

1980 1990 2000

Nord-Bahnhof Turkey Croatia Italy Yugoslavie Bosnia and Herzegovina Am Pragfriedhof Tukey Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Italy Croatia Am-Rosenstein-Park Romania Spain Bulgary Turkey Gricheland Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey Italy Portugal Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia

Populatio 106 92 Men Men 79 30 28

1975 1975

6565

95 9595 95

Women Women

Men Men

95 9595 95

Men Men

Women Women

95 9595 95

German German Surface : 681.4 ha

90 9090 90

85 8585 85

80 8080 80

75 75 75 75

75 7575 75

75 75 75 75

2 2 2 2 1

70 7070 70

65 6565 65

60 6060 60

399 306 220 129 66

55 5555 55

55 55126 55 55

50 5050 50

45 4545 45

40 4040 40

35 3535 35

30 3030 30

25 2525 25

20 2020 20

15 15 15 15

10 1010 10

10 10 10 10

Non German percentage in Nord area 15 15 15 15 December 2010

55 55

00 00 1.5 1.5 1 4 % 1 0.50.5 0 0 0 0 0.50.5 1 1

1.5 1.5

1.5 1.5 1 1

00 00 0.50.5 0 0 0 0 0.50.5 1 1

1.5 1.5 1 1

Non-German Non-German

5293 19198

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

55 55 1.5 1.5

Non German German

2009 2009 Women Women

90 9090 90

10 10 10 10

2010

Men Men

85 8585 85

ØØ

1515

Women Women

2000 2000

90 9090 90

51 49 49 38 19

7575

1990 1990

127

128

129

Year

2010

2000

1990

1980

55 55

00 00 0.50.5 0 0 0 0 0.50.5 1 1

1.5 1.5 1 1

1.5 1.5

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Non German percen

Number of Births and Deaths in North

Births and Deaths

2011

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Non German German

65 Jahre oder älter

251

300

257

250

249

5293

45 bis unter 65 Jahre 0

0,5

Kilometer 5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page 30 bis unter 45 Jahre

18 bis unter 30 Jahre

19198

0 bis unter 18 Jahre

Population by Age Group and Gender inDifferent Parts of Stuttgart

200

257

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

127

100

126

100

18 bis unter 30 Jahre

200 250

30 bis unter 45 Jahre

220 213 254 319

1990

1980

December 2011

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

5293 19198

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

129

Year

2010

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

2000

1990

45 bis unter 65 Jahre

30000

Non German German

Surface : 681.4 ha

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

65 Jahre oder älter

1990

persons

1980 : 251 persons

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

1980

2009 : 257

Births

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

2000

300

45 persons bis unter 65 Jahre

1980 : 319

Year

2010

150

65 persons Jahre oder älter 2009 : 220 Deaths

129

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

1980

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30 bis unter 45 Jahre

350

Source : Datenkompass Stuttgart 2010-2011

2009 2000 1990 1980

128

2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

2000

150

* December 2010

30000

0 bis unter 18 Jahre

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

18 bis unter 30 Jahre

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Population by Age Group and Gender in Different Zones in Stuttgart Nord 2011 0 bis unterDecember 18 Jahre

Non German German

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

2500 2500

2000 2000

1500 1500

1000 1000

500 500

2000 2000 1990 1990

126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129

126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129

1980 1980

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

2010 2010

19198

0 0

126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 0 0

* December 20

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Nord Turkey Croatia Italy Yugoslavie Bosnia and H Am Pr Tukey Bosnia and H Portugal Italy Croatia Am-Ros Romania Spain Bulgary Turkey Gricheland Am-Ros Turkey Italy Portugal Bosnia and H Croatia

Year

2010

2000

1990

1980

65 or older 65years Jahre oder

45 under 65 years 45- bis unter 65

Jah

30 45 years 30- under bis unter 45

Jah

18 30 years 18- under bis unter 30

Jah

00- bis under 18 years unter 18

500 500

1000 1000

1500 1500

2000 2000

älter

2500 2500

Jahr

Means of illustration: Building blocks

1) Plie with a density of population Density of population of at least 150 inhabitants per km²

Kilometres 0

0,5

Opposing Land-Uses and Densities ... Map background: DSK 100

Cartography: Statistical administration/Statistisches Amt

City districts Inner city areas

Inhabitants per km²

M N O S W

until below 4000 4000 until below 8 000 8 000 until below 12 000

Sta

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

Ca Bi Bo De Feu Hed Mö Mühl Mün

12 000 until below 16 000 16 000 and more

Weil

Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

Mühl

City districts Outer urban areas Bad Cannstatt Birkach Zu Botnang Degerloch Feuerbach Hedelfingen Möhringen Mühlhausen Münster

Ob Plie Si Sta Un Vai Mün Wa Weil Zu Ca

Obertürkheim 4% Plieningen Sillenbuch StammheimNon German in Nord Stuttgart Untertürkheim Vaihingen Wangen Weilimdorf Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx Zuffenhausen

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer

0,5

Kilometer

Density of Population in Stuttgart Nord Feu

Areas in Hectares - Settlement and Traffic Area in %

October 2009

December 2011

Non German German

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

5293

19198

126

127

129

128

Year

Hed

2010

2000

1990

Bi Mö

Neighborhood

0,5

Proportion of inhabitants with short duration of residence

Density of population 1)

Map background: DSK 100

Cartography: Statistical administration/Statistisches Amt Sta

Mühl

2011 home registration home registration

Zu Mün Weil

City districts Inner city areas

Inhabitants per km²

M N O S W

until below 4000 Lenzhalde Relenberg

City districts Outer urban areas

Feu

Killesberg Weissenhof Nordbahnhof Prag/ Moenchhalde/ Rosenstein Bismarck Heilbronner Strasse

4000 until below 8 000 8 000 until below 12 000

Vai

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

Hed

Mö

Stadtbezirke

16 000 and more

12 000 until below 16 000 Planungsräume 0,5

Map background: DSK 100 Cartography: Statistical administration/Statistisches Amt

Kilometres 1

Bad Cannstatt Birkach Botnang Degerloch Feuerbach Hedelfingen Möhringen Mühlhausen Münster Ob

City district with abbreviation

Neighborhood

Means of illustration: Building blocks with a density of population of at least 150 inhabitants per km²

Plie

Kilometres 0

Ca Bi Bo De Feu Hed Mö Mühl Mün

Inhabitants per km² until below 4000

City districts Inner city areas

City districts Outer urban areas

M - Mitte N - Nord O - Ost S - Süd W - West

Ca Bi Bo De Feu Hed Mö Mühl Mün

Bad Cannstatt Birkach Botnang Degerloch Feuerbach Hedelfingen Möhringen Mühlhausen Münster

Ob Plie Si Sta Un Vai Wa Weil Zu

Obertürkheim Plieningen Sillenbuch Stammheim Untertürkheim Vaihingen Wangen Weilimdorf Zuffenhausen

Source: Taken from Datenkompass 2010/2011, page 318, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, significantly below average Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt belowStatistisches average 4000 until below 8 000

8 000 until below 12 000

12 000 until below 16 000

average

16 000 and more

Minimum: Maximum: Average Stuttgart:

above average significantly above average

7,4 % 63,2 % 22,3 %

Amount of inhabitants per km², dated 31.12.2009

Source: Taken from Datenkompass 2010/2011, page 318, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt

Source: Taken from Sozialdatenatlas, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt Kartografie: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Jugendamt

Weissen-

Killes- hof berg

Moenchhalde/ Bismarck Lenzhalde Relenberg

Nordbahnhof Prag/ Rosenstein

Heilbronner Strasse

2 2 2 2 1

126

127

* Dece

129

128

Turk Croa Italy Yugo Bosn

Year

2010

99.4% 49.8

82.9% 681.4

399 306 220 129 66

Tuke Bosn Portu Italy Croa A Rom Spain Bulga Turk Grich A Turk Italy Portu Bosn Croa

2000

1990

97.2% 99.7% 27.2 55.5

1980

95.7% 99.1% 40.1 28.1 Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Ob Plie Si Sta Un Vai Wa Weil Zu

Amount of inhabitants per km², dated 31.12.2009

Proportion of inhabitats with a duration of occupancy below 2 years from all inhabitants

51 49 49 38 19

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

Means of illustration: Building blocks with a density of population of at least 150 inhabitants per km²

Plie

Kilometres

City district with abbreviation

1980

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Vai

Settelment and Trafﬁc area in % Surface area (ha)

* December 2010

S NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

Non German German

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

0,5

Amount of inhabitants per km², dated 31.12.2009

Source: Taken from Datenkompass 2010/2011, page 318, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Obertürkheim Plieningen Sillenbuch Stammheim Untertürkheim Vaihingen Wangen Weilimdorf Zuffenhausen

Landuse in the Different Zones in % 2005

2723 4679

agricultural area %

Non German German

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293 19198

recreation area %

* December 2010

building+open space %

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

2010

2000

1990

1980

10 0

127

128

129

2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

December

131 4%

Renting OutweighesNHouse Ownership ...

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

COMPARISONS IN NET INCOME, RENTS AND OWNERSHIP between selected areas in the North,

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Comparison in Income in Selected Areas in Stuttgart Nord

COMPARISONS IN NET INCOME, RENTS AND OWNERSHIP between selected areas in the North, significantly below average

September 2011

below average

shows the economic condition of the population and is most connected to poverty. Boundaries between the different areas become visible, particularly in terms of the local income relative to the average income in Stuttgart.

Non German German

Stuttgart average 2723 4679

above average Surface : 681.4 ha

significantly above average significantly below average

5293

below average

19198

Stuttgart average

108%

above average significantly above average

89% NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

126

115%

128

129

Year

2010

89%

2007 est. Stuttgart: 100 %*

79%

130%

2000

1990

136%

115%

2007 est. Stuttgart: 100 %*

127

108%

1980

78%

174%

79%

136%

Decemb

Income , showing the economic condition of the population is the indicator which is most connected to poverty. Here it shows the (real) boundaries between the different areas in terms of the percentage of the Income , showing income i.e. wealth.the economic condition of the population is the indicator which It shows the contrasting situations of theis most connected to the poverty. Here it shows areas surrounding transformation the (real) boundaries between the different project. areas in terms of the percentage of the income i.e. wealth. September 2011 It shows the contrasting situations of the Non German German areas surrounding the transformation 2723 project. 4679

78%

174%

Non German percentage in Nord

130%

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer

Net Income 2007

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Comparison of Rent Values and Ownership in Selected Areas in Stuttgart Nord Net Income 2007

Ownership and Rents

106%

It is well-known that in Germany there is a tradition for renting a home rather than buying a one. It is maybe a reflection of security of tenure and less fears of eviction.

owners

98%

Surface : 681.4 ha

owners

5293

33%

106%

106% owners

2009/2010 est. Stuttgart: 100

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

are both connected to real estate values, poverty, stability, possibilites of renovation and eviction occurrence and to other socio-economic indicators. They provide important hints for the planned project. The situation in terms of rent and ownership reflects on the economic situation of the inhabitants. There are higher levels of ownership in better-off areas. Rent values are also very much connected with economic conditions.

51 49 49 38 19

Non German percentage in Nord ar

126

Perentages of different landuses in 2005

Income as an Indicator

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

106%

24%

2009/2010 est. Stuttgart: 100

24%

122%

owners owners

47%

122%

owners owners

47%

114% owners

40%

114% owners

40%

33%

19198

98% owners

94% owners

11%

94%

99% owners

98%

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

2010

99% owners

2000

98%

1990

1980

owners

11%

Rent values 2009/2010 - Owners living in their homes Rent values 2009/2010 - Owners living in their homes

Ownership and rents are both connected to real estate values, poverty, stability, possibilites of renovation and eviction occurrence and with other socio-economic indicators. The provide important hints for consideration for the planned project. Ownership and rents are both connected to real estate values, poverty, stability, possibilites of renovation andownership eviction occurrence other The rents and situation inand thewith areas socio-economic indicators. The provide reflect on their economic situation. Thereimportant are hints consideration for in thebetter-off planned project. higherfor levels of ownership areas. Rent values are also very much connected with economic conditions. The rents and ownership situation in the areas reflect on their economic situation. There It is well-known that in Germany there is aare trend higher levels of ownership in better-off for renting a home rather than buying aareas. one. ItRent is values also veryofmuch connected with maybe are a reflection security of tenure and less economic conditions. fears of eviction. It is well-known that in Germany there is a trend for renting a home rather than buying a one. It is maybe a reflection of security of tenure and less fears of eviction.

Registered as Single, but Maybe not Alone...

censuses and credit card applications. In Germany, and visibly in Stuttgart, there is a high proportion of persons, who are classified as single, which includes members those in non-marital couples.

14,5 %

Marital Marital status status

**December December2009 2009

00: 39,2%

+/- 0%

-13,6% -13,6%

14,5 14,5% %

10165

2000: 6,7%

-15 -15% %

18-<30

65 0-<18 above

2000: 2000: 6,2% 6,2%

18-<30

45<65

2000: 2000: 6,7% 6,7%

2009: 2009: 39,2% 39,2% 2000: 2000: 39,2% 39,2% 126

127

+/+/-0% 0%

32 129

2723 4679

Being single is supported by the society and indirectly by the German state, having a social security system, in which the individual is 85469 entitled to social security, regardless of marital status or civil partnership. This is called a system of individualized social rights. With such 24 a concept every individual is equally entitled to 789 coverage/protection. 146 5293

married

GERMAN 1980 <2010 divorced 0 NON 126 127 128

2009: 2009: 46,1% 46,1% 2000: 43,3% 6.5% 6.5%

328

-6.2%

2000: 43,8%

2000: 2000: 43,8% 43,8%

n.a.

-6.2% -6.2%

widowed widowed

2000

128

1-3

280

1990

n.a.

738

1-3

Unmarried Persons

131 n.a.

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

65 0-<18 above 65 0-<18 above 18-<30 45<65

Number of widowed persons

* December 2010

53281 24848

63 57

35 78 000

1-3 n.a. 1-3128

280

+ + 45<65

131

263

279

8 7 beliefs 158 Religious

620

129

Number of widowed persons

131

590

45<65

30-<45

2000: 31,3%

107 The data on religion gives a hint on n.a. social coherence and fields of 129 on possible128 169 100 on needs and values. intervention 2009:based 25% 2000: 27,5% Often, values and -9,1% family structures are seen to derive from religious affiliation, 142 Km as 0much 1as household sizes and rental 4%

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

157

127

126

* December 2009

46680

000

n.a. 128

0 1-3 6

20126

129 47

131

28012n.a.

26894

31099

2009: 29,6% 2000:33 33,7%

2009: 25,4%

December 2010

Kilometer

0,5

Official Religious Categories inStuttgart Stuttgart

34,4

39,8

42,6

57,5

Catholic

27,3

13,5

-8,3%

142

2009: 29 28,7% 2000: 31,3% 57,5

other

24,3 353

-8,3%

2009: 45,2% 2000: 41,1% 10%

30,4

2009: 25% 2000: 27,5%

26,5

Estimation of religious affiliation of Stuttgart inhabitants with migration background for selected countries and regions Estimation of religious affiliation of Stuttgart inhabitants with migration background forin % Region of origin (inhabitants with migration selected countries and regions

Muslime

background) in %

d??? Ot or

dues 56

tgart N

church tax church tax

Catholic church

113 1

German and foreign inhabitants in Stuttgart according to religion in% German and foreignGerman inhabitants in Stuttgart according toForeign religion in%

German Special expenses Special expenses 34 No or other 37 No or other religious community religious community

Muslime Muslime

4 4

25 25

Income tax Foreign Income tax 2 29

Protestant church Protestant church

37 37

Catholic church

Taken from Stuttgart bureau of statitics, 2009Catholic church estimations on Muslim community in Stuttgart „Muslime in Stuttgart 2009“ Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt Taken from Stuttgart bureau of statitics, 2009 estimations on Muslim community in Stuttgart „Muslime in Stuttgart 2009“ Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt

32 32

76 82

332

126

110

-8,3%

2000: 41,1% 10%

110 dues

2009: 28,7%

2000: 31,3% church tax

126

2009: 45,2%

Musl select

Citize

Taxation of income

Payroll tax

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

0,5

31899

106

127

Special expenses

2009: 25%

131 n.a.

Income tax -9,1%

Deutsc Turke States Iraq Pakista Afgha Maro Iran Leban Egypt

2000: 27,5% Lande Proportion of muslim inhabitants for selected countries and proportion of all Mu Proportion muslimwith inhabitants forbackground selected countries and proportion of all Muslims and of Germans migration in 2009 according to country of originli and Germans with migration background in 2009 according to country of origin 0

Km 1

Estimation of religious affiliation of Stuttgart inhabitants with migration background for selected countries and regions

Octoberin 2009 Muslim inhabitants in Stuttgart 2009 according to Muslimselected inhabitants in Stuttgart in 2009 according to citizenships (estimation) selected citizenships (estimation) Region of origin in %

New states of former Yugoslavia

Turkey

Protestant church

No or other religious community

Non German German

Muslime

Catholic church

New states out of former Soviet Union

Iraq 1

Surface : 681.4 ha

Citizenship Citizenship 13

German and foreign inhabitants in Stuttgart according to religion in% Foreign

German

catholic

Protestant church

Muslime

5293

19198

Catholic church

Taken from Stuttgart bureau of statitics, 2009 estimations on Muslim community in Stuttgart „Muslime in Stuttgart 2009“ Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt

Proportion of Muslims Proportion of Muslims Propo other Proportion of Muslims 1 Proportion of Muslims 2 31193 from State/citzenship/country ofother origin in each1country all foreigners Number of persons with religion 51082 from all 2 State/citzenship/country of origin in religion each country from all foreigners and with no 65 % 42296with m 0-<18 * December 2010 above % catholic 2723 4679

Muslims(amount) Muslims(amount) 45<65

Deutschland 1 9 000 DeutschlaTurkey nd 1 9 000 1 9 000 protestant Turkey 1 9 000 States of former Yugoslavia 1 5 000 States of former Yugoslavia 1 5 000 1 000 Iraqreligions other 1 000 Iraq Pakistan 400 Pakistano n religion 400 Afghanistan 400 AfghanisMarocco tan 400 300 Marocco 300 Iran 300 Iran 300 200 Lebanon 200 LebanonEgypt Egypt Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt other

30 13

1281980

270

Muslim Population in Stuttgart

No or other religious community

dues30

no religion

27593

* December 2010

Nord-Bahnhof Populatio Turkey 106 Croatia 92 Italy 79 Yugoslavie 30 Bosnia and Herzegovina 28 Am Pragfriedhof Tukey 51 Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 Portugal 49 Italy 38 Croatia 19 Am-Rosenstein-Park Romania 2 Spain 2 Bulgary 2 Turkey 2 Gricheland 1 Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey 399 other 306 Italy Portugal 220 Bosnia and Herzegovina 129 Croatia 66

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

2010

2000

1990

1980

States of former Yugoslavia Turkey 30-<45 Turkey Iran ? Iran Afghanistan Afghanistan Pakistan Pakistan Egypt 5 Egypt1-3 52 Iraq 167 614Iraq Lebanon Lebanon 127 129 128 Marocco 142 501 1-3 Marocco 9 Tunisia 442Tunisia 18-<30 States of former Yugoslavia

* December 2010

711

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1

399 306 220 129 66

224

68204

51 1 00 1 00 89 98 98 60 99 99 71 95 95 91 9072 90 73 97 227 99 97 60 60 60 206 126 92 99 9132 9 88 98 203 82 98

r religi

s in St

Catholic church

New states out of former Soviet Union

s in St

2000

1990

129

16708

Other religions comprise any religions beyond catholic and protestant. (This includes other Christian groups such as orthodox and apostolic 35549 communities.) Church tax is a tax levy, paid by RELIGION members of religious communities to finance expenditure of the religious community. In the Federal Republic of Germany,Stuttgart the churchNord wage Religious beliefs tax is collected by the tax authorities of the * December 2009 86 assistance. 18retain it for their countries that

Taken from Stuttgart bureau of statitics, 2009 Taken from Stuttgart bureau of statitics, 2009in Stuttgart „Muslime in311 Estimations on Muslim community Stuttgart 2009“ Estimations on Muslim community in Statistisches Stuttgart „Muslime Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Amt in Stuttgart 2009“ Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt

51 869106 9 60 no religion 71 91 73 60 92 88 131 82 protestant

Payroll tax Payroll tax

2010

former Soviet Union

1r relig

Iraq

2009: 25% 2000: 27,5%

Year

n.a.

December 2010

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Taxation of income 47 Taxation of83income Muslime New states out of Iraq

2000: 27,4%

2009: 45%

129

291

Source : Survey published by Statistics office, Stuttgart

131

218

128

other religions 2010

Non German percentage in Nord area

2000: 39%

-9,1%

127

Kilometer

Protestant 1 New states of church No or other former Yugoslavia religious community 15 Protestant 1 church No or other religious community 37 15

2009: 25,4%

New states of Region of origin in % former Yugoslavia

Turkey

2009: 28,7% 2000: 31,3%

-9,1%

Estimation of Religious Affiliation in Stuttgart

126

other

2009: 29,6% 2000: 33,7%

19198

protestant NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

5293

catholic

30-<45

oth

Km 1

Turkey

r religi

25,6

43,1

n.a.

58,2

2000: 41,1% 10%

45<65

n.a.

16,2

25,6

23 30,4 43,1 37,7 39,8 2009: 45,2% 26,5 22,5

52,5

Surface : 681.4 ha

Protestant

Catholic

13,520,2

29471

* December 2010

2723 4679

18-<30

s in St

other

No religion

27,3

25,9 39,8 35,9 other 142 16,2 22,6 24,3 39,8 +58,2 353 35,9

42,6

Other religions

34,4

52,5 38,3

Tax NumberChurch of Catholic persons

Non German German

65 0-<18 above

d??? Ot or

33,8 22,6

20,2 35,8

Religious beliefs * December 2009 December 2009

Protestant

No religion

25,9 43,6

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Non German percentage in Nord area

other

Other religions

38,3

33,8

Source : Survey published by Statistics office, Stuttgart

Stuttgart

4711

69 situation. Religious affiliation, in that 2000: 27,4% 85 2009: 45% 79 sense can help to define 127 126potential uses 131 2000: 39% 107 for future developments of the area, 66 50 taking into consideration issues such asn.a. 79 recreational40 behaviors.

€

35,8

43,6

22,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Distribution of religion in Stuttgart Nord Stuttgart 2009: 25% Distribution of Beliefs in Nord Stuttgart Nord -9,1% 2009: 25% Religious beliefs 2000: 27,5% Distribution of religion in Stuttgart2009 Nord * December 2009 December -9,1% 2000: 27,5%

37,7

n.a.

Religious beliefs

1-3

2009: 28,7%

242

tgart N

n.a.

90554

2009: 28,7% The maps on Religion give an insight gives a detailed number of members of -8,3% 0 0 0 28,7% 2009: 2009: 45,2% 2000: 31,3% to the distribution of religious beliefs the catholic and the protestant church. -8,3% 0 0the 2000: 41,1% 10% 2009: 45,2% 1-3 in Stuttgart, Nord and single areas. “Other“ religions can only be estimated. 2000: 31,3% 130 51 279 128 33 97 2009: 45,2% Statistical data10% refers to being Christian Other surveys provide a few insights. 2000: 41,1% 128 131 127 126 129 and non-Christian/other. This is7 caused 8 620 590 2000: 41,1% 10% 158 133 n.a. by theRELIGION church 263tax obligation, which

131

-8,3%

0 21 408 24848

oth

Religions in the Area... What About the Other 45 Percent? 18-<30

131

18-<30

other

69230

59524

18-<30

* December 2010

30-<4

* December 2010

14 129

30-<45

n.a.

65 - 0-<18 above

3 11699

Number of married persons

120

* December 2010

65 0-<18 above

Number of believers of protestant church 57

45<65

other other 0-<18

Widowed?

128

* December 2009

242

n.a. 128

1-3

133

128 127Stuttgart Nord

126

127 52

0 22

126

21082

130

9185

30-<45

90554

RELIGION0

789 70 1-3146 6 128 157 452 129 131 129 47 n.a. 738 n.a.

12711 127

147 59

367

120

10165

0 1-3

30-<45

* December 2010

18-<30

45<65

69230

59524

0 712

Number of divorced persons

18-<30

45<65

85469

1-3 328

126 126

65 above

4711

0 00

399 306 220 129 66

65 - 0-<18 above

* December 2010

65 0-<18 above

87915

0 21 408

30-<45

2 2 2 2 1

Divorced? 3 11699

Number of married persons

18-<30

45<65 30-<45

210

24300

* December 2010

51 49 49 38 19

Married Persons

9807

Number of unmarried persons

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

131

452 129 1980

367

Year

2010

widowed

120

127

147

129

divorced divorced

126

2009: 2009: 41,1% 41,1%210

2009: 131 41,1%

* December 2010

married married

Individualization

87915

single single

2009: 46,1% 14

120

Surface : 681.4 ha

single

2000: 2000: 43,3% 43,3%

n.a. 128

6.5%

2000: 2000: 45,9 45,9 % %

19198

2009: 2009: 49,0% 49,0%

6.8% 6.8%

Non German German

53281

21082

2009: 49,0% 0 1-345,9 % 2000:

24300

* December 2010

30-<45

December 2009 9807

Number of unmarried **December December 2009 2009 persons

2009: 2009: 7,1% 7,1%

91852009: 2009: 5,7% 5,7%

2000: 2000: 5,9% 5,9%

6.8%

Marital Marital status status

0 712

2009: 5,7%

-15 %

0,5

* December 2009 Proportion of Marital Status in Stuttgart Stuttgart Stuttgart

2000: 6,2%

2009: 2009: 5,1% 5,1%

45<65

Kilometer

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

d??? Ot or

9: 39,2%

* December 2010

65 - 0-<18 2000: 2000: 6,1% 6,1% above

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

: 5,9%

2009: 2009: 6,7% 6,7%

9,8% 9,8%

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

tgart N

9: 5,1%

Number of divorced persons

December 2010

Marital status

2000: 6,1%

Non German percentage in Nord area

Stuttgart

* December 2009 Proportion of Marital Status Nord in Stuttgart Nord Stuttgart Stuttgart Nord 2009: 7,1%

2009: 6,7%

The data illustrates a common culture in Germany: to have single person households and to share communal space beyond conventional marriage contracts, which may be read as a form of individualization.

RITAL

Data on marital status generally indicate whether the person is married or not. The status is based on official marital STATUS registration, death certificates and divorce registration. Questions about marital status appear MARITAL STATUS on many polls and forms, including Stuttgart Nord

other

other religions

n.a.

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Towards a Multi-National City ...

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

Kilometer 0

0,5

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 5

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx Kilometer 0

Since 2005, the Social Data Atlas (Sozialdatenatlas) has replaced the previous indicator “non-German nationality” with the indicator “Immigrant/migration background”. In Stuttgart, around 38.9% of the population has a migration background. In-migration is stable since 1990 and out-migration is increasing since 2000.

126

127

128

129

5293 Non German percentage in Nord area

0,5

5293 19198

Non German German

126

127

128

129

Year

1990 20%

2000

1990

1980 17%

December 2010

Year

2010

5293

1980

Non German percentage in Nord area

2011 Source : Statistics office

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Non German German

5293

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

5293

126

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

19198

129

128 * December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

Non German German

127

129

128

Year

2010

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

19198

2000

500 m

1990

5293 19198 1980

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19

0,5

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

Nord-Bahnhof Populatio 51 49 Turkey 106 49 38 Croatia 92 19 Italy 2011 79 with migration Population background 2 Map from October December 2011 2 2005 2 Yugoslavie 30 2 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 28 38.9 Stuttgart december 2010 399 Am Pragfriedhof 306 220 37.6 Frankfurt/M. 51 Tukey 129 66 Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 36.1 Nürnberg Portugal 49 Population with migration background 35 Augsburg Italy 38 2005 Croatia 19 33.5 München 4% 38.9 Stuttgart Am-Rosenstein-Park 31.1 Düsseldorf Romania 2 37.6 Frankfurt/M. 31.2 Spain 2 Köln 36.1 Nürnberg Bulgary 2 Non German percentage in Nord area 30 Wuppertal Turkey 2 35 Augsburg 22.2 Berlin Gricheland 1 2010 : 96 % 33.5 München Am-Rosenstein-Park 4% 218367 persons Turkey 399 31.1 Düsseldorf DATA SOURCE : Federal Statistical Ofﬁce 2007 German with Migration background Italy 306 31.2 Köln Portugal 220 German without Migration background Bosnia and Herzegovina 129 30 Wuppertal Croatia 66Foreigners with Migration background

1990

129

1980

2010

2000

1990

* December 2010

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

2010 51 49 49 38 19

Berlin

Kilometer

0,5

399 306 220 129 66

1990

Yugoslavia

129

Turke Croati Italy Yugos Bosnia A Tukey Bosnia Portug Italy Croati Am Roma Spain Bulgar Turke Griche Am Turke Italy Portug Bosnia Croati

Year

2010

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1

2000

1990

1980

399 306 220 129 66

51 49 49 38 19

December 2011

* December 2010

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

Population* 106 92 79 30 28

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1

399 306 220 129 66

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

2000

Understanding the Term „Migration Background“

Stuttgart Total : 6,9 %

German without migration background

Total : 40 931

9,2 % and more

German with migration background

S German with Migrations background

Foreigners with Migrations background

Spain and Portugal

Foreigners without Migrations background

Foreigners Naturalized German repatriates All Germans under 18 years old who have at least one parent with migration background.

Stuttgart Average : 1,3 % Total : 7604

1,8 % and more

40 %

30 %

10 %

20 %

Foreigners without Migration background

Turkey

2723 4679

Stuttgart Average : 6% Total : 35 479

5293

19198 Non

German percentage in Nord area

7,8 % and more

December 2010

69 %

4377 people in2010

* December 2010

31%

9673 people in2010

4% NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

129

128

Year Non German in Nord Stuttgart

2010

2000

Kilometer

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

1990

Km 1

0,5

1980

Inhabitants with MigrationBackground—Stuttgart Nord December 2011

2000

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19

2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

Greece-Italy Stuttgart Total : 5,5 % Total : 32 699

Non German German

2723 4679

23%

Surface : 681.4 ha

13% 126

127

128

23%

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

25%

19198

129

126

7,0 % and more

5293

2000 2%

127

128

62% Year

129

2010

14%

2010 1%

2000

1990

60% 1980

* December 2010

13%

25% 14% 1%

G ERMAN

German without Migrations background

Surface : 681.4 ha

60%

* Decem

106 92 GERMAN 1980 <2010 NON 126 127 128 79 30 28

1980

Non German German

2010

92 79 30 28

1980

December 2011

62%

4Populatio %

1990

DATA SOURCE : Federal Statistical Ofﬁce 2007 Nord Inhabitants with Migration Background—Stuttgart

129

* December 2010

Nord-Bahnhof Turkey Croatia Italy Yugoslavie Bosnia and Herzegovina Am Pragfriedhof Tukey Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Italy Croatia Nord area Am-Rosenstein-Park December 2010 Romania Spain Bulgary Turkey Gricheland Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey Italy Kilometer Portugal 0 0,5 1 2 3 4 5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia

399 306 220 129 66

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

22.2

19198

2 2 2 Nord-Bahnhof 2 Turkey 1

2 2 2 2 1

Kilometer

5293

2723 4679

1990

2000

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

4679

* December 2010

2000

2 2 2 2 1

1980

40 %

30 %

10 %

20 %

December 2010

1980

Non German German

December 2723

Croatia Italy399Non German German 306 Yugoslavia 220 and Herzegovina Bosnia 129 Am Pragfriedhof 66 Turkey Surface : Bosnia and Herzegovina 681.4 ha Portugal Italy 5293 Croatia Am-Rosenstein-Park 19198 Romania Spain Bulgaria Turkey Greece Am-Rosenstein-Park NON GERMAN 1980 <2010 Turkey 126 127 129 128 Year Italy Portugal Bosnia and Herzegovina 2010 Croatia

Year

Inhabitants with migration background

0,5

Inhabitants with Migration Background in %

2000

Nationalities in Stuttgart Nord

* December 2010

2010

Year

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

When a German Has a Migration Background ...

Sources : Statistics office, Stuttgart

0,5

Surface : 681.4 ha

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

178 Nationalities in Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

October 2010

Kilometer

19198

Populatio 106 Non German German 92 79 Surface : 30 681.4 ha 28

Number of German and non German*

2000

Croatia 1980 4% Italy Yugoslavie Bosnia and Herzegovina Am Pragfriedhof Tukey Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Italy Croatia Am-Rosenstein-Park Romania December 2011 Non German German Spain Bulgary Surface : Turkey 681.4 ha Gricheland 5293 19198 Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey Italy Portugal NON GERMAN 1980 <2010 126Bosnia 127 128 Year and 129 Herzegovina Croatia 2010

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

December 2010

Year

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer

0,5

129

1990

Surface : 681.4 ha

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

128

2010

December 2010

title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Non German in Nord Stuttgart 2723 Non German percentage in Nord-Bahnhof Populatio 4679 Turkey 106

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

Stand: 31. December 2009

Sources : Statistics office, Stuttgart

2010

127

* December 2010

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Kilometer 2

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Non German percentage in Nord ar

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

Turkey December 2011 1990 Croatia 2010 Italy 22% 2723 4679 Yugoslavie 2000 Bosnia and Herzegovina 24% 1980 5293 Am Pragfriedhof NON GERMAN 1980 <2010 19198 Tukey 51 126 127 128 Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 Portugal 49 Non German percentage in Nord area Italy 38 NON GERMAN 1980 <2010 126 127 129 128 Year Croatia 19 -2% 2010 Am-Rosenstein-Park 4 % +7% Romania 2 2000 Spain 2 1990 +3% Bulgary 2 Non German Turkey 2 31 December 1980 Gricheland 1 Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey 399 Italy 306 Portugal 220 Bosnia and Herzegovina 129 Non German German Croatia 66

1980 - 2010

19198

2000 2010 Evolution of Non-German Inhabitants in* December Project Areas* Nord-Bahnhof

Kilometer

Non-German Inhabitants in Nord Area in %

5293

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Surface : 681.4 ha

Kilometer 0

2723 4679

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

December 19198 2010

Non German German

Non German percentage in Nord area

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

4679October 2010

Surface : 681.4 ha

2723 4679

681.4 ha

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

5293 Non-German Inhabitants in Stuttgart Nord 2723

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Nationalities and Migration Background give an idea about the different cultures and diversity in Stuttgart and in the area of study. This is directly linked to integration policies and society. In the statistics persons with migration background are identified according to Non German German three sub-categories: foreigners; naturalized German repatriates; and all German children under 18 years who have at least one parent with a migration Surface background. :

Non German German

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

2723 4679

Stadtbezirke

Average Proportion of Short Occupancy ...

Planungsräume 0

0,5

Cartography: Statistical administration/Statis

Kilometres 0

0,5

Map background: DSK 100

Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

Inhabitants per km² 4%

until below 4000

Proportion of inhabitats with a duration of occupancy below 2 years from all inhabitants Non German in Nord Stuttgart

4000 until below 8 000

significantly below average

8 000 until below 12 000

Kilometer 0

below average

12 000 until below 16 000

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

average

16 000 and more

Minimum: 1) Density of population of Inhabitants with Short Duration Maximum: significantly above average Average Stuttgart:

Proportion of inhabitants with short duration of residence

0,5

above average Proportion

7,4 % Residence 63,2 % 22,3 %

2009

Amount of inhabitants per km²,

Source: Taken from Datenkomp Statistisches Amt, eigene Berec

Non German German

2723 4679

Sta Mühl Source: Taken from Sozialdatenatlas, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt Kartografie: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Jugendamt

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

11 me registration me registration

19198

Mün Weil

Weissen-

Killes-Feu hof N berg

Killesberg Weissenhof Nordbahnhof Prag/ Moenchhalde/ Rosenstein Bismarck Lenzhalde Relenberg

Heilbronner Strasse

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Nordbahnhof

Year

2010

2000

1990

M O

Prag/

Moenchhalde/ W Bismarck S

1980

Rosenstein Hed

Lenzhalde

Heilbronner Strasse

Vai

Relenberg

City district with abbreviation

Mö

Neighborhood

Stadtbezirke Planungsräume 0,5

Means of illustration: Building blocks with a density of population of at least 150 inhabitants per km²

Plie

Kilometres 0

Map background: DSK 100 Cartography: Statistical administration/Statistisches Amt

Kilometres

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

0,5

Duration of tenancy is interlinked City districts with rent Inhabitants per km²and ownership indicators. Inner city areas Moreover, this indicator shows M - current Mitte until below 4000 N - Nord 4000 until below 8 000 tendencies regarding security Oof- Ost tenure S - Süd 8 000 until below 12 000 and eviction. W - West

Proportion of inhabitats with a duration of occupancy below 2 years from all inhabitants significantly below average below average

City districts Outer urban areas Ca Bi Bo De Feu Hed Mö Mühl Mün

12 000 until below 16 000

average

16 000 and more

Minimum: Maximum: Average Stuttgart:

above average significantly above average

7,4 % 63,2 % 22,3 %

Bad Cannstatt Birkach Botnang Degerloch Feuerbach Hedelfingen Möhringen Mühlhausen Münster

Ob Plie Si Sta Un Vai Wa Weil Zu

Obertürkheim Plieningen Sillenbuch Stammheim Untertürkheim Vaihingen Wangen Weilimdorf Zuffenhausen

Amount of inhabitants per km², dated 31.12.2009

Source: Taken from Datenkompass 2010/2011, page 318, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt

Source: Taken from Sozialdatenatlas, prepared by Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Statistisches Amt, eigene Berechnungen Jugendamt Kartografie: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Jugendamt

Weissen-

Killes- hof berg

Nordbahnhof

Who Voted “YES“ Against Stuttgart 21? Prag/ Moenchhalde/ Rosenstein Bismarck Results of Referendum on Stuttgart 21, November 2011

Most of the population in the area of study has not voted (or does not have the right to vote). Those who can could be tenants and consider that their voices do 67. 6% No Peonot bring any longVote termforchange for their ple vot conditions as (living temporarily or not e well established in the area). 52.9%

December 2011

Lenzhalde Relenberg

Heilbronner Strasse

Relative majority of Yes vote Relative majority of No vote

47.1%

35.8%

.4%

.8%

Vote for Yes

59 .2 %

% .8 45 % 54 .2

53.6% 21.2%

126

124

.8 %

129

128

130 123

16.6%

Source : Oficce -Statistics

58.9%

127

131

128

122 121

67. Relative 6% majority of yes vote Peo

ple

127

Vote for No

vot

31.8% 32.4%

Vote for Yes

People doesn’t vote

Vote for yes

35.8%

47.1%

.3%

Sources : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Relative 52.9%majority of No vote

25.2%

125

24.2% 0,5

People doesn’t vote

Kilometer 0

128+126

December 2011 40

Results of Referendum on Stuttgart 21,Votes in Stuttgart Nord, 31.8% November 2011 32.4%

20.1% 20.2%

59.7%

People doesn’t vote

Vote for No 129

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

Income Levels below Stuttgart‘s Average ...

Income data gives an overview on the income distribution of certain areas of the city in comparison to the rest of the city. Together with the unemployment rate and household composition the income indicator can give insights to

potential mobility. Open questions remain regarding income that is not officially registered. There is no official study on the informal sector. Yet, it can be assumed to exist to a certain extent. Hence, more data incorporating aspects

such as informal creativity would be needed to substantiate the socioeconomic reality of different areas in the city. Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

Social insurance is a governmentsponsored programme where risks are transferred to and pooled by an organization, often governmental, that is legally required to provide certain benefits. It is one of the most important instruments of the state’s social policy. By statutory bodies large sections of the population are protected against damage, threatening the livelihoods of individuals and the community affect, etc. Every employee is in the formal labor market is automatically insured by “Sozialversicherung”.

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Income Distribution in Stuttgart Nord

Income Distribution in Stuttgart

December 2009

Non German German

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

3880 Unemployment insurance

non German

+ 3%

651

3720

non social3720 non non 1248 German German German German German German 2585 security + 13%

8456

near/at home

8456

At working space

58 738 + 12 701

35 30 25

+ 6,5%

15 12 000

2005: 194024 persons 2005: 194024 persons 0

4 000

Amount

nG G

8 000

nG G

With professional education

Academics

23 691 + 1 087 Landkreis Böblingen

93975

Rems-MurrKreis 32 337 + 525

38 898 + 1 910

Landkreis Esslingen

6 136 + 1 129

Amount of employed population professional education at work p

Unemployment insurance

140

100%

120

137% 89%

3880

80 60

Unemployment insurance

130%

108%

115%

100

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15

Total account National economy (VGR)

Health insurance

12 000

136%

social 79% security

78%

nG G

Em (ex

Age in years 65

from acc Tot

115%

78%

near/at home

social aid

At working space

55 50

fro t

45 40

651

Relenberg 3720 121

Lenzhalde

non1221248 German

German

2585

Am Bismackturm 123 German

Killesberg 124

Weißenhof 125

number of employed persons having social insurance 2011: 3833 * September 2011 + 13%

+ 3%

2005: 3404 76

353

Non German German

685

1492

Amount of employed population with social insurance according to age and professional education at work place and at home, Stuttgart, June 2009

non German

8 000

Without professional educ

December 2011

Stuttgart

near/at home

Social insurance

174% 149%

160

social aid

December 2011

200 180

Age in years 65

social security

Net Income Level in Stuttgart Nord Areas 121 - 131

Net income level in Stuttgart Nord areas 121 - 131 * September 2011

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Nord-Bahnhof Populatio Turkey 106 Croatia 92 Italy 79 Yugoslavie 30 Bosnia and Herzegovina 28 Am Pragfriedhof Tukey 51 Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 Portugal 49 Italy 38 19 +Croatia / - Change compared to 1996 Am-Rosenstein-Park Total: + 18 381 Romania 2 Spain 2 Bulgary 2 Turkey 2 Gricheland 1 Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey 399 Italy 306 Landkreis Portugal 220 Göppingen Bosnia and Herzegovina 129 Croatia 66

1980

12 000

93975

Without professional education

* December 2010

1990

2011: 206440 persons 2011: 206440 + 6,5% persons

8 000

December 2009

Year

44 509 + 12000 029

from outside of the Region

Total account National economy (VGR)

129

Landkreis Ludwigsburg 2010

2005: 4491

Employed professional (with social insurance) commuters (excluding civil clerks and free-lancers) from 30. June 2002 according to origin NON GERMAN 1980 <2010 Total: 204 309 126 127 128

2005: 3404

19198

Age in years 65

2011: 3833 2011: 3833 + 13% Social insurance

insurance 2009:Health 4623

2009: 4623 + 3%

social aid German 2585

Commuters to Stuttgart

nG G

Amount of employed population with social insurance according to age and professional education at work place and at home, Stuttgart, June 2009

1248

3880

nG G

+ 6,5% 316

8456 Nordbahnhof 126

2011: 206440 persons

207

2005: 194024 persons

711

Am Rosensteinpark 128

Auf der Prag 129

130

25 20 12 000

8 000

4 000

8 000

12 000

Amount Without professional education

251

With professional education

Academics

594

1023

Total account National economy (VGR)

646

Stuttgart Nord

131

84 142

Social insurance Mönchhalde Heilbronner Str.

Health insurance 353

512

nG G

2009: 4623

Am Pragfriedhof 127

698

93975

2005: 4491

Unemployment Rates Decrease but Stay above Average ...

Non German percentage in Nord area

The maps give an overview of the distribution of unemployment rates and proportion of recipients of social welfare and unemployment compensation. The maps ADULT UNEMPLOYMENT represent aspects of the local socioeconomic reality. Furthermore, it might give an

December 2010

indirect idea of how a place is used and point out potential issues of conflict. Planning for facilities and assets could contribute to improving the situation of neighboring areas. 4%

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

ADULT UNEMPLOYMENT

Unemployment Rate in Stuttgart Nord

Unemployment Rate in Stuttgart

December 2009

December 2009 Stuttgart

ADULT UNEMPLOYMENT

non German

German 0%

58,2% 411 persons 2011German

2011: 31

50 %

41,8% 444 persons 2011

58,2% < 25 411 persons 2011

0 % 50 %

est. 32,5% 50 %

est. 3,3% long < 25 term

< 25 0%

50 %

est. 30,28% long term

est.

100 %

Unemployment ratio 1 2005 bis 2009

8 6

Km 1

1 0

long term

est. 7%

2009: 5,4 %*

2011: 22 - 61% 2005: 44 2005: 14,2%?

100 %

under < 25 y.

Stuttgart

German 0%

33,4%

61,5% = 9812

Km 1

50 %

2005: 4

38,5% = 6099

2 0 2005

0 06

2009

2005

228 unemployed persons

* September 2011 228 unemployed persons

* September * September 2011 2011

458 unemployed persons

* September 2011

2000

2011: 15945

1990

2005: 29585 21 2815945 2011:

1980

n.a.

2005: 29585

2005: 211

2011: 49

non German

2005: 123

60 52

2011 ** September September 2011 0

36 65

Stuttgart Nord Total unemployed persons 15.945632 unemployed Total persons

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1

399 306 220 129 66

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Stuttgart Nord

632 unemployed Stuttgart Nord persons * September 2011 632 unemployed persons

* September 2011

15.945 unemployed persons

* September 2011

Year

2010

2005: 1199 84 80

2011: 112

* September 2011 2011: 101

100 %

* September 2011

129

German German

German

50 %

Total 458 unemployed persons persons 15.945 unemployed

2009

228 unemployed persons 458 unemployed persons

128

2011: 164

2011: 632

2005: 58

2005: 218

100 %

127

2005: 1199 2005: 315

German 2011: 64

- 61%

126

16 48 2005: 14,2%? 2011: 15945 2009: 5,4 %*

German

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

0 22005: 2005: 2958514,2%?

non 18 German non

NON GERMAN GERMAN

35 34

2009: 5,4 %* non German

19198

2011: 632

8,4 % 2005: 1199

2011: 2 - 61%

5293

2005: 148

8,4 %

50 %

2009: 9,4%

2011: 69 Stuttgart

German

2011: 632

8,4 %

est. 30,28%

est. 3,3%

100 %

2009: 2009: 9,4% 5,54%

non German

German

long term

< 25

50 %

100 %

Stuttgart Nord

non German

est. 3,5% 30,28% 2009: 9,4%32,5%

est. 3,3%

100 %

2009: 5,54%

Unemployment ratio 1 2005 until 2009

long term

< 25

50 %

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

2011

100 %

German

41,8% long 444 persons term

est. est. 3,5% 32,5% long < 25 term

2009: 5,54%est. 3,5%

Stuttgart non

non German

German

100 %

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

2005: 19

58,2% 100 % 411 persons 2011

In Stuttgart, unemployment rates have decreased in recent years to 5,7% in 2011 and it is believed that they will further decrease. In Stuttgart Nord, the proportion of unemployment is higher compared to the city’s average situation. Poorer segments of the population tend to live in areas that have a higher concentration of welfare recipients. In Stuttgart, as much as in other German cities, these areas are also the areas with the highest concentration of non-Germans.

Non German German

2005: 59

2011: 18

41,8% 444 persons 2011 non German

50 %

Proportion of unemployed persons German and non-German

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

* September 2011 Kilometer 0

ALG II - Recipients (per 1000 inhabitants)

December 2011

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

120 or more

ADULT UNEMPLOYMENT

10,8 %

6,2 %

4,4 %

3,7 % 100 %

long term 100 %

100 %

(3 ppl)

5293

9,2 % n.a.

Nordbahnhof 126

36,8 % **

< 25 100 %

(15 ppl) *

long term

33,7% ** 50 %

30,5 % **

19198

10 %

German

8,4 % 2011

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129 58,2%Year5 %

2000 0%

50 %

100 %

10,8 %

411 persons 20112010

50 %

Surface : 681.4 ha

long term

29,4 % 18,5 % 2009: 8,4% ** ** Lenzhalde Am Bismackturm Killesberg Weißenhof long 125 122 123 124 < 25 term 50 %

Proportion of unemployed persons total per sector proportion of long-term unemployed proportion of unemployed persons under age of 25

6,4 %

n.a.

11 %

< 25 100 %

(15 ppl)*

long term

Am Pragfriedhof 127

Am Rosen- Auf der Prag steinpark 129 128

2723 4679

15 %

13,6 %

Relenberg 121

Non German German

Stuttgart total: 91 (absolut: 41 096)

Dated 30.06.2009

Stuttgart

Unemployment Rate in Stuttgart Nord Areas 121 - 131 in %

below 40 40 until below 80 Unemployment rate in % Stuttgart, areas 121 - 131 80 until belowNord-area, 120

5,4%

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Mönchhalde 130

Heilbronner Str. 131

Stuttgart Nord

50 %

non German 41,8% 444 persons 2011

< 25

100 %

1990

1980

* December 2010

Nord-Bahnhof Turkey Croatia Italy Yugoslavie Bosnia and Herzegovina Am Pragfriedhof Tukey Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Italy Croatia 0% Am-Rosenstein-Park est. est.Romania 3,5% 32,5% Spain Bulgary Turkey 50 % Gricheland Am-Rosenstein-Park Turkey 100 % Italy Portugal Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia

2009: 5,54%

long term

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19

< 25

2est. 2 2 2 1

long term est. 30,28%

3,3% 50 %

2009: 9,4% 399 306 220 129 66

100 %

n.a. 50 %

< 25

50 %

100 %

(15 ppl)*

n.a.

long

long term 22,2%**

50 %

Km 1

- 61%

ON & WELFARE

High Rates of Welfare Recipients ...

In 2003, 466,000 people were employed in Stuttgart with a percentage of 75% of them pay social insurance contributions. 58% come from outside the city. Recently, those from Stuttgart have a higher share in the local job market.

75% are employed in the service sector, 21% in the manufacturing sector. Most of the non-Germans, especially women, are employed in the low-wage sector. 33% of the non-Germans are working as labourers (in total) while 8%

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

gart Nord

Stuttgart

Proportion of Unemployed Population in Stuttgart and Stuttgart Nord December 2009

Umemployment proportion

Non German German

Long term unemployed

unemployed under 25 years

Sta

2723 4679

Mühl

Surface : 681.4 ha

5293 19198 Mün

Weil

Ca * December 2010

Feu

9,4%

1628 Unemployment ratio 1 2005 until 2009

Unemployment ratio 1 2005 bis 2009

Stuttgart Nord

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

long term

est. 7%

under < 25 y.

Stuttgart

2011: 40317 persons

33,4%

+ 4,5%

4 2

2005

2009

German 0%

61,5%

129

128

2010 Ob

2005: 9,4 %

- 3,5 %

- 4,8 %

2009: 26,2 %*

2009: 4981

2005: 31,2 %

2000

1990

Hed

2005: ?

1980

Vai

100 %

City district with abbreviations

100 %

Mö

2005

city districts

2009

2011: 1102 persons

0,5

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

white : too few cases

Unemployment ratio in % Stuttgart total: 8,7 (absolute: 19 015) below 5,5 5,5 until below 8,0 8,0 until below 10,5

City districts Inner city area

City districts outer city area

M N O S W

Ca Bi Bo De Feu Hed Mö Mühl Mün

Mitte Nord Ost Süd West

10,5 and above

* September 2011

Unemployed

below 40 40 until below 80 80 until below 120 120 or more

Bad Cannstatt Birkach Botnang Degerloch Feuerbach Hedelfingen Möhringen Mühlhausen Münster

Ob Plie Si Sta Un Vai Wa Weil Zu

Non German percentage in Nord area

Obertürkheim Plieningen Sillenbuch Stammheim Untertürkheim Vaihingen Wangen Weilimdorf Zuffenhausen

December 2010

, dated: 30.06.2009

(umemployed + employed with social insurance)

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Stuttgart total: 91 (absolut: 41 096)

Kilometer 0

Dated 30.06.2009

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Proportion of Unemployed Persons (Long Term and Aged Below 25 Years) in Stuttgart Nord (per sector)

Proportion of Unemployed Persons in Stuttgart (German and Non-German)Proportion of unemployed

December 2009Proportion of unemployed persons

100 %

29,4 % **

persons Non German German and German non-German 2723 4679

2011: 31

19198

2009: 8,4%

100 %

(3 ppl)

36,8 % **

2011: 69

2005: 148

NON GERMAN GERMAN

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

* December 2010

129

Year

35 34 2010

50 %

100 %

term

2011: 164

long term

33,7% ** 50 %

30,5 % **

< 25 100 %

(15 ppl)*

2000

2005: 315

long term

2011: 64

n.a.

1990

n.a.

2005: 58

84 80

50 %

1980

< 25

50 %

100 %

(15 ppl)*

n.a.

< 25

< 25 (15 ppl) *

Dated 30.06.2009 long

long term

Stuttgart total: 91 (absolut: 41 096)

100 %

5293

2005: 19

< 25

below 40 40 until below 80 80 until below 120 120 or more

Surface : 681.4 ha

2005: 59

2011: 18

50 %

18,5 % **

December 2009

total per sector proportion of long-term unemployed proportion of unemployed persons under age of 25

ALG II - Recipients long (perlong 1000 inhabitants) term term

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

Data source and cartogrphy: Statistical administration, Stuttgart

ALG II - Recipients Total Stuttgart Nord (per 1000 inhabitants) 15.945 unemployed persons 632 unemployed persons * September 2011

Plie

Kilometres

- 1,3%

2005: 1116 persons

100 %

Year

M Wa

+ 3,4%

2005: 27991 persons

127

2009: 5,9 %* = 6099 50 %

126

non German 38,5%

2009: 1286 = 9812 2005: ?

50 %

2011: 28946 persons

6 2005: 38603 persons 4

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

nemployed persons

100 %

(10 ppl)

long term

2011: 2

16 48

2005: 4

22,2%**

2011: 22

50 %

37,5% **

35,7 % **

long term

0 2

2005: 44

21 28

2005: 211

51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

2011: 112

50 %

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

2011: 49 2005: 123

50 %

Non German percentage in Nord area 0%

100 %

long term

60 52

2009: 11%

December 2010

2011: 101

40 % **

50 %

2005: 218

36 65 Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Social Welfare and ALG II Recipients in Stuttgart Nord Areas 121 - 131 September 2011

* Data is based on „Sozialdatenatlas“ 2009 . The areas 127, 128, 129 are combined in one zone “Prag Rosenstein“ ** Data is based on Datenkompass, 2009

Social welfare and ALGII recipients inStuttgart, Stuttgart Nordareas areas Unemployment rate in % Nord-area, 121121 - 131- 131

* September 2011

Unemployment ratio 1 2005 until 2009

Unemployment ratio 1 2005 bis 2009

Stuttgart Nord

Non German German

2723 4679

under < 25 y.

Stuttgart

long term

% est. 7% 10,8 33,4%

8 4

5,4% 4

6,2 %

11 % 61,5% = 9812

5293

100 %

9,2 %

2009

2005

Stuttgart

126

8,4 % 2011

Lenzhalde Am Bismackturm Killesberg 122 123 124

Weißenhof 125

1102

Nordbahnhof 126

Am Pragfriedhof 127

Am Rosen- Auf der Prag steinpark 129 128

Mönchhalde 130

Heilbronner Str. 131

Stuttgart Nord

500 450

Stuttgart total: 91 (absolut: 41 096)

318

300 250

213

150

157

220

100

Relenberg 121

Lenzhalde 122

400

499

Dated 30.06.2009

350

4 4

16 14

Am Bismackturm 123

Killesberg 124

100 %

50 %

Weißenhof 125

100 %

226

300 250 200 150

121 Nordbahnhof 126

Am Pragfriedhof 127 Stuttgart Nord

long term 18,5 % **

350

353

n.a.

142

long term 29,4 % **

2010

1990

below 40 40 until below 80 80 until below 120 120 or more

400

Year

ALG II - Recipients (per 1000 inhabitants)

450

129

100 %

Number of persons dependent of social welfare

500

128

2000

Number of ALG II

200

127

2009

Relenberg 121

10 %

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

2005

15 %

19198

38,5% 10,8 % = 6099

n.a.

4,4 %

13,6 %

50 %

6,4 %

n.a. 3,7 %

Surface : 681.4 ha

non German

German

50 %

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

mber 2009

were reported as office clerks. About 14% of Stuttgart’s employees from a nonGerman background were reported to pay social insurance contributions in 2004. Some 60% of them were laborers.

2009: 8,4%

50 %

< 25 100 %

long term

Proportion of unemployed persons 101 81 total per sector proportion of long-term unemployed Am Rosen- Auf der Prag Mönchhalproportion of unemployed steinpark 129 persons de under age of 25 128 130

100 50

Heilbronner Str. 131

1980

* December 2010

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

Additional Educational Facilities Needed ...

Education is a vital aspect in understanding the area, because it is an indicator for development potentials. It opens new horizons for people to recognize their choices and become aware of their : cities for local integration policy, 2009 CLIP: cities for local integration policy, 2009

resources and needs. Education is considered as one of the changing drives of human conditions. In the area of study, it is a stressing issue for nonGermans as their educational status has

proved to be worse than that of the German population and this is in turn contributing to fewer opportunities for integration and development.

Non German percentage in Nord a

December

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

CLIP: cities for local integration policy, 2009

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

-22,6 Percentages of Students Enrolled (1995, 2009) -22,6

CLIP: cities for local integration policy, 2009

1995 1995

2009 2009

1995

2009

2009 +37.3

+37.3

10%

Hauptschule

Hauptschule 10% 26.4% Hauptschule Hauptschule 26.4% 26.4%26.4%10% Hauptschule Hauptschule Realschule 26.4%

18.9% 26.4% Gymnasium Realschule Realschule 54.7% 18.9% Gymnasium Realschule 18.9% Gymnasium 54.7% Realschule Realschule 18.9% Gymnasium 54.7% 18.9% Gymnasium 18.9% Gymnasium 54.7% 54.7% Total increase of 54.7% 10% between

+37.3

2009

-22,6

-22,6 -23.7

2009

+37.3

Enrolments in Nordbahnhof Area Drop-outs 2009 September Drop-outs 2009 2011

-22,6

2009

Drop-outs

-23.7

2723 4679

Gymnasium Drop-outs 10% 2009 2009 Gymnasium

Drop-outs

-23.7

Non German German

Gymnasium Gymnasium 2009 10%

Drop-outs

10%

5293

Gymnasium 10%

Gymnasium

Hauptschule -23.7

Surface : 681.4 ha

10%

19198

-23.7 Hauptschule +37.3 18.6% % 10+37.3 Realshule Hauptschule HauptschuleHauptschule Realschule 20% Realshule 18.6% RealschuleRealshule Realshule 10% 65% 18.6% Hauptschule Hauptschule 20% Realschule Hauptschule 18.6% Hauptschule 20% Realschule 65% Hauptschule 20% Realschule 65% Gymnasium 18.6% Realschule Realshule Realschule 18.6% 20% 65% Hauptschule Hauptschule Realschule Realschule Realschule 20% 68.3 % Gymnasium Gymnasium 65% Realschule 65% 68.3 % % Gymnasium Realschule 68.3 Gymnasium Realschule Gymnasium 68.3 % 68.3 % 68.3 % NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

129

128

Year

2010

2000

1990

Non German percentage in Nord are

December 20

1980

1995-2009

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

60 60

Germans Germans

Percentages of students in Percentages of students enrolled Percentagesofof students enrolled Percentages of students enrolledenrolled in Percentages of students enrolledinin Percentages students enrolled in in schools the Nordbahnhof different schools in the North inin1995 differentschools schools North in 2009 schools in the in Nordbahnhof neigh- neighdifferent schools in the North 1995 different in in thethe North in 2009 Germans Germans bourhood (129) enrolled bourhood (129) Percentages of students enrolled in of students in Percentages of of students in Percentages of students enrolled in Percentages Percentages studentsenrolled enrolled in Percentages of students enrolled in Germans Germans Percentages of students enrolled in Percentages of students enrolled in schools in the Nordbahnhof neighPercentages ofNorth students enrolled Percentages of students enrolled in schools in the Nordbahnhof neighPercentages of students enrolled indifferent different schools the North in Percentages of students enrolled in schools in the North in 2009 Non-Germans different schools ininthe in 1995 1995 different schools in the North in 2009 Non-Germans The Spatial Distribution of the Existing Educational the Area bourhood (129) schools in theEntities Nordbahnhof neigh- neighschools in the in Nordbahnhof different schools theNorth North in in 1995 1995 different schools in the North in 2009 different schools ininthe different schools in the North in 2009 bourhood (129) December 2011 bourhood (129) (129) Gymnasium bourhood Gymnasium Non-Germans Non-Germans 50

30 20 10 0

30 20 10

40 30

rdb

40 60 30

Non-Germans 10 0

Germans

Hauptschule 2 schools 4 schools

Hauptschule Germans Hauptschule Germans 10 0

Gymnasium 2 schools Gymnasium 4 schools Gymnasium Grundschule 2 schools 2 schools

1school Hauptschule

1school Hauptschule 1school

GrundschuleGrundschule 4 schools 4 schoolsGrundschule 4 schools

S5,

rdb

hof Nord

Non German German

bah

55Nordbahnhof S4, 56 U15S

2723 4679

rdb

nho f S55 4 56, S5, S Ro 6

5 U12 , S6

Nordbahnhof U15 U12

ahn

sens

tein

stra

ße

stei

55 56

sens

tein

stra ße

aße

Goppeltstr

55 56

Ros en

55 56

Ros en

stei

Rosensteinschule

stei

traß

126

traß

aße

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

127

stei

Rosensteinschule

traß

2010

2000

Rosensteinschule

117

Steinbeisschule

lzweg

Ro Sp Bu Tu Gr

1990

lzweg

Schlierho

Nordbahnhofstraße

traß Goppelts

Schlierho

Steinbeisstraße

117

1980

Alternative 1

115

lzweg

Schlierho

117

Rüme

ollst

Kleinstraße

Knollstraße

aße

Kleinstraße

Rüme

Kleinstraße

Rü

aße

ße

meli

nstra

Kleinstraße

raße

ollst

pstr aße

linstr

Rüme

raße

aße

linstr

Rüme

aße

ße

nstra

meli

Rü

stra

Knappstraße

Kna

stra ße

stra

Rüm

elin

Eckartstraße

Milchhof U15 U12

House n°49 KG

Rüm Nordbahnhofstraße elin stra ße

ße

aße

llstr

Nordbahnhofstraße

kirche

Kna

Eckartstraße

Otto-Umfrid-Straße

Martin

Martins

pstr aße

Kno

Kleinstraße

Nordbahnhofstraße

Knappstraße

Milchhof U15 U12

ollst

Zeichen der Erinnerung

llstr

meli

Rü

Zeichen der Erinnerung

Otto-Umfrid-Straße

kirche Eckartstraße

Mittnachtstraße

nstra

Knappstraße

Eckartstraße

Martins

kirche

Kleinstraße

ße

meli

nstra

ße

aße

Mittnachtstraße

Zeichen der Erinnerung

Kno

ße

Kleinstraße

pstra

Rü

Otto-Umfrid-Straße

Martins

Milchhof U15 U12

Varnbülerstraße

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

Alternative 1

Mittnachtstraße

Knappstraße

Kleinstraße

irche

Nordbahnhofstraße

Otto-Umfrid-Straße

Martinsk

Knappstraße

raße

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

Zeichen der Erinnerung

pstra

ße

Eckartstraße

Varnbülerstraße

Mittnachtstraße U15 Varnbülerstraße U12

Zeichen der Erinnerung

117

lins

oll

str

Mittnachtstraße

Knollstraße

traße

Alternative 1

Rüme

aße

Kleinstraße

Steinbeisstraße

Alternative 1

115

Knollstraße

115

Kleinstraße

Knollstraße

Kleinstraße

ße

Otto-Umfrid-Straße

Mittnachtstraße

ße Nordbahnhofstra

Steinbeisstraße

Zeichen der Erinnerung

Knappstraße

olzweg

Schlierh

115

Nordbahnhofstra

Varnbülerstraße

Mittnachtstraße Mittnachtstraße U15 Varnbülerstraße U12

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

olzweg

Schlierh

Knollstraße

Kleinstraße

Alternative 1

linstr

Steinbeisstraße

Nordbahnhofstraße

Varnbülerstraße

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

Tu Ita Po Bo Cr

Steinbeisstraße

linstr

Tu Bo Po Ita Cr

aße

traß Goppelts

115

Tu Cr Ita Yu Bo

Year

Goppeltstr

zweg

Schlierhol

1 Hauptschule Rosensteinschule KG Gruund&Haupt Beruf Education centre Youh house Steinbeisschule Number of schools in the North in Hauptschule Stuttgart Rosensteinschule Germans KG Gruund&Haupt Gruund&Haupt KG Education BerufBeruf Education centre centre Youh house Hauptschule 1school 2009. There is no Realschule. Hauptschule Hauptschule Rosensteinschule KG Gruund&Haupt Youh house Beruf Education centre Steinbeisschule Stuttgart 1schoolNumber of Schools in Stuttgart Nord in Number of1school schools in the North in Hauptschule Stuttgart 2009. There is no in Realschule. 2009. There is noNorth Realschule. Steinbeisschule Number of schools the in 2009. There is no Realschule. Steinbeisschule KG We have an alarming situation in Number the Nordbahnhof neighbourhood (129). Steinbeisschule of schools in the North in Stuttgart 2009. There is no Realschule. According to primary data from House 49, the percentage of students Number of schools in the North in Stuttgart KG Number of schools theisNorth in5-10 We havejoining an alarming situation in the Nordbahnhof neighbourhood (129). Gymnasium (the highest level from theinarea between 2009. There is noschool) Realschule. KG House n°49 Stuttgart KG KG 2009. There is no Realschule. We have an alarming situation in the Nordbahnhof neighbourhood (129). %, compared to 68.5% for the North. The average level of educatoin is to primary data from House 49,through the percentage of students GeneralAccording Situation found interviews with youths: Kindergardens According to primary datahighest from House 49,students. the percentage of students considerably higher among German This to the 5-10 joining Gymnasium (the level school) from thecorresponds area issituation between KG House n°49 KG The general educational of the We have alarming situation in the Nordbahnhof neighbourhood KG joining Gymnasium (the highest level school) from the area iseducatoin between 5-10 findings aan recent study on Stuttgart’s non-Germans, as this area has (129). KG House n°49 %, compared toof68.5% for the North. The average level ofand is KG There are around 458 children aged students, which in turn is caused by other KG According to primary data from House 49, the of students KG We an in lots ofsituation non-Germans, 17% of Nordbahnhof non-German pupils were found to join Gymna%, compared to situation 68.5% forthe the North. The average level of percentage educatoin KG Wehave haveconsiderably analarming alarming in the neighbourhood (129). KG higher among German students. This toisthe It0-6 is has beenareas noteddirectly that lessadjacent job in the to reasons (such ascorresponds poor educational joining Gymnasium (the highest level school) from the area is between 5-10 We have an alarming situation in the Nordbahnhof neighbourhood (129). Nordbahnhof neighbourhood (129). sium, with 59% joining Hauptschule. KG House n°49 considerably higher among German students. This corresponds to the According to primary datastudy fromonHouse 49, the percentage of students KG findings of a recent Stuttgart’s non-Germans, and ashomes, this area has available for less 126, 127 andare 129. support capacity in their per%, to„House 68.5% for theHouse North. Thethe average levelarea of educatoin is opportunities Accordingfindings to primary data from acompared recent study on Stuttgart’s non-Germans, and as this has According to primary data from 49, percentage students Inof this area, the Haupshule isschool) targeted the most (60% compared toof 18.6 in KG educated population. This adds joining lots Gymnasium (the highest from the area is between 5-10 of non-Germans, 17% oflevel non-German pupils were found to join GymnaKG House n°49 KG KG Available KGsnoted in thethat arealess cover ceived image and unwillingness tois between considerably higher among German students. This corresponds to the another lots of non-Germans, 17% of non-German pupils were found tothe join Gymna49“, the percentage of students joining KG It is has been jobaroundKG KG North) to many reasons as per interviews with the youth: joining Gymnasium (the highest level school) from area 5-10 KG KG stress on the educational sium, with 59%due joining Hauptschule. It is has been noted that less job %, compared to 68.5% for the North. The average level of educatoin is 401 places for children of this age change), findings of a recent study on Stuttgart’s non-Germans, and as this area has sium, with 59% joining Hauptschule. Gymnasium (the highest level school) opportunities are available for less situatoin of migrant students and the %, compared to 68.5% for the North. The average level of educatoin is The general educational situation of the students, which in turn is caused opportunities are available for less considerably German students. This (60% corresponds to the KG group (primary data). Availability -ofThe of the Hauptschule inside lotsthe ofamong non-Germans, 17% non-German wereto found to join Gymnathis area, Haupshule targeted thepresence most compared to 18.6 in from the In area ishigher between 5-10%, comKG unemployment rate among them. educated population. This adds of KG Inconsiderably this area, the Haupshule isisastargeted the most (60%pupils compared 18.6 in by other reasons (such poor educational support capacity at homes, higher among German students. This corresponds to theeducated population. This adds It is has been noted that less job child care centres can thus be considthe area encourages people to join it findings of a recent study on Stuttgart’s non-Germans, and as this area has sium, with 59% joining Hauptschule. due to many reasons as per interviews with the youth: pared to North) 68.5% in Stuttgart Nord. The another stress on the educational North) due of to a many reasons as on per Stuttgart’s interviews the youth: perceived image and unwilling to change) with another stress onHowever, the educational findings recent study non-Germans, andGymnaas this area has opportunities are for less KG ered is good. it is available important given theirwere economic and limitalots of non-Germans, 17% ofthe non-German pupils found tosocial join average level ofgeneral education is considerably KG situatoin of migrant students and the situatoin of migrant students and the In this area, Haupshule is targeted the most (60% compared to 18.6 in KG KG --The educational situation of the students, which in turn is caused educated population. This adds The presence of the Hauptshule inside the area encourages people to go It is has been noted that less job lots of non-Germans, 17% of non-German pupils were found to join GymnaThe general educational situation of the students, which in turn is caused to note that some of the child care KG tions and the general trend that is KG The spatial distribution of the existing higher German students. This sium, among with 59% joining Hauptschule. unemployment rate among them. It is among has been noted that less job unemployment rate them. North) due toeconomic many reasons as per interviews with thehomes, youth: by other reasons (such as poor educational support capacity at given their and social limitations and the general trend that another stress on thesuch educational bysium, othertheir reasons (such as poor educational support capacity at homes, opportunities are available for less with 59% joining Hauptschule. centres cover a city wide level as prevalent in the area for young children educational entities in the area corresponds to the findings ofthe a recent is prevelent in perceived image and unwilling tochange) change) opportunities arestudents available situatoin of migrant andfor theless perceived image and unwilling to In this area, the Haupshule isarea. targeted the most (60% compared to 18.6 in Germans

129

128

Ros en

Goppeltstr

Beruf Education centre Youh house

55 56

19198

aße

Goppeltstr

1 7 1 1 Gruund&Haupt Beruf Education centre Youh house Gruund&Haupt

traß

5293

Nordbahnhof U15 U12

U12

Ros en

Surface : 681.4 ha

ahn hof Nordbahnhof S4, U15 S5, Nordbahnhof S6 U12 U15

Nordbahnhofstraße

Nordbahnhof U15 U12

117

Grundschule

Grundschule 4 schools

S5,

hof

115

Gymnasium

Non-Germans Non-Germans GermansHauptschule Non-Germans 10

2 schools

Non-Germans

40 60

hof

S4,

Nordbahnhofstraße

ahn

S4,

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S5,

Nordbahnhofstraße

rdb

hof

rdb

Gymnasium Gymnasium

ahn

S4,

Non-Germans Non-Germans Gymnasium

skirche

Eckartstraße

Martin

skirche

Milchhof U15 U12

the two big ones in Rümlinstrasse. educated population. This adds - The general educational situation of the students, which turn is caused join Hauptschule and go laterinfor study on Stuttgart’s non-Germans, 17% ofis to In to this area, the Haupshule targeted thethe most (60% compared to 18.6 in educated population. This adds unemployment rate among them. North) due many reasons as per interviews with youth: Moreover, many unemployed women by other reasons (such as poor educational support capacity at homes, The presence of the Hauptshule inside the area encourages people to go vocational training and apprenticeships. The presence the Hauptshule inside the area encourages people to go another stress on the educational non-German pupils were found to join The spatial distribution of the existing The spatial distribution of the existing North) due to many reasons as per interviews with the youth: another stress ontheir theand educational from the area tend not to send perceived image and to change) their given their economic andunwilling sociallimitations limitations and the general trend that their given their economic and social and the general trend that situatoin of migrant students the entities Gymnasium, with 59% joining Hauptschule. educational entities in the in area educational the area - The general educational situation of the students, which in turn is caused situatoin migrant students and the area. kids to the Kindergardens. isisprevelent in theeducational area.visited situation of the students, which in turn is caused -prevelent TheHaupschule general In area, the rateofamong them. - The presence the Hauptshule insidecapacity the area encourages bythis other reasons (such as is poorofeducational support at homes, people to go unemployment The spatial distribution of the existing unemployment rate among them. most (60% by compared togiven 18.6 their in Stuttgart other reasons (such as poorand educational supportand capacity at homes, their economic social limitations the general trend that perceived image and unwilling to change) educational entities in the area Number of children 0-6 years old in selected areas in the North in 2009 with percentages of non-German children Nord). Thisperceived is dueistoprevelent many reasons as in the area. image and unwilling to change) Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

Milchhof U15 U12

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer

- The presence of the Hauptshule inside the area encourages people to go The spatial distribution of the existing 295 Children- 15.3% to go 1383 Children- 9.3% Children-8,4% 44 Children-the 11.4%area encourages 150 Childrenof2.7% the 119 Hauptshule inside their given- The theirpresence economic and social limitations and the general trend people that The spatialindistribution educational entities the area of the existing Number of Children 0 6 Years Old in Selected Areas in Stuttgart Nord in 2009 with percentages of Non-German their given their economic and social limitations and the general trend that Number of Children (0-6): 458 entities in is prevelent in the area. educational in the area Number of children children years inin the North in in 2009 with percentages of non-German children Number of 0-6 yearsold oldininselected selectedareas areas the North 2009 with percentages of non-German children is prevelent in the0-6 area. 126,127, 129 2009 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

125

Source : CLIP- cities for local integration policy, 2009

Gymnasium Gymnasium Non-Germans Gymnasium 60

Nordbahnhofstraße

Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart and CLIP

aße

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Knollstraße

Kilometer

Rüme linstr

ße

150 Children- 2.7%

126

119 Children-8,4%

127

44 Children- 11.4%

128

129

295 Children- 15.3%

Nord

1383 Children9.3%9.3%

Number of places in KGs: 401 Non German German

2723 4679

15.3% 1383 Children- 9.3% Children-8,4% 44 Children- 11.4% Number of 119 children 0-6 years old in selected areas 295 in Childrenthe North in 2009 with percentages of non-German children Proportion of Children Number of Children (0-6): 458 in Number of Children (0-6): 458 in Number of teenagers (12-18): 126,127, 129 Number of Children is (0-6): 295 Children- 15.3% 1383 Children- 9.3% 150 Children- 2.7% 119 Children-8,4% 44 Children- 11.4% around 400 in 126, 127 and 129. 126,127, 129 Nord 129 458 inin 126,127, 129, 125 126 127 128 Number of places KGs: 401 Nord 125 126 127 128North in129 Number of places in KGs: 401, Number of places inChildren KGs: 401(0-6): 458 in 9.3% Number of Number of children 0-6 years old in selected areas in the 2009 with percentages of non-German children 9.3% of them teenagers (12-18): is In total aroundNumber 85%children of are Number There of children 0-6 years old in selected areas in the North in 2009 with percentages of non-German are around 458 children aged 0-6 in the direct adjacent areas of 126, 127 126,127, around 400 129 in 126, 127 and 129. with immigration background, Nord Number of teenagers (12-18): In total around ofis them and 129125 126 127 128 Number of85% places inareKGs: 401 295 Children15.3% 129 1383 Children- 9.3% 150 Children- 2.7% 119 Children-8,4% 44 Children- 11.4% with immigration Number teenagers (12-18): is 9.3% 295 Children- 15.3% around 400 inof 126, 127 andbackground, 129. 1383 Children9.3% 150 Children- 2.7% 119 Children-8,4% 44 Children- 11.4% Another 250 persons are from Another 250 persons are from around 400 ingroup 126,(18127 and(0-6): 129. 458 in Available KGs in the area cover around 401 places for children of this age group the age to 21). Number the age group (18 to of 21),Children Number of Children (0-6): 458 in (this is primary data that has been gathered). Therefore, the child care centres In total around 85% of them are Number 126,127, 129of teenagers (12-18): is There are around 458 children aged 0-6 in the direct adjacent areas of 126, 127 In total around 85% of them are availability is good. Important to note that some of the child care centres cover with immigration background, 126,127, 129 127 and 129. around in 126, Nord 129 There are around direct adjacent areas of 126, 127 125 126 458 children 127 aged 0-6 in the128 and 129 of400 places in KGs: 401 Nord withNumber on a city wide level such as the two big ones in Rumlinstrsse. Moreover, many immigration background, 129 125 126 127 128 Number of places in KGs: 401 9.3% Illiteracy Rates Job Opportunities and 129 unemployed women tend not to send their kids to the Kindergartens. 9.3% Another 250 persons from85% of them are In total are around AvailableThere KGs in the area cover places children this age group are around 458 around children401 aged 0-6for in the directofadjacent areas of 126, 127 the age group (18 to 21), Another 250 persons are from with immigration background, It is estimatedAvailable that around 7 million people are illiterate in Germany. HowItthis iscentres has noted that less job opportu(this is primary has been gathered). Therefore, the child of care KGs indata thethat area cover around 401 places for children agebeen group Number of teenagers (12-18): is and 129 the age group (18 to 21), ever, this has no reflection on the data of Stuttgart. If this data existed, it nities are available for less educated Number of teenagers (12-18): is availability is good. Important to note that some of the child care centres cover (this is primary data that has been gathered). Therefore, the child care centres around 400 126, 127 are andfrom 129. Illiteracy rates: Iteducatonal is estimated that around 7 million people in Germanypopulation. are illiterate. However, this hasstress no reflection on the data onin Stuttgart. could help in interpreting poor support capacities of school This adds another on Another 250 persons aroundto400 on a city wide level such the two big ones in Rumlinstrsse. Moreover, many availability is good. Important to note that some of the child care centres If this data exist, it KGs will help in indicator interpreting the poor educatonal support capacity in homes for school children. This is also contributing the in 126, 127 and 129. Available inas the area cover 401 places for children ofcover this age group children at homes. The non-existence of this on around a local level can the educational situation of migrant the age group (18 to 21), unemployed women tend not to send their kids to the Kindergartens. ignorance of this item in the integration a city(this wide such asof the two bigaspects. ones in Rumlinstrsse. Moreover, many islevel primary data that has been gathered). the child care also be seen toon contribute to the ignorance this aspect in terms of the Therefore, students and thecentres unemployment rate In total around 85% of them are There are around 458 children aged 0-6 their intothe direct adjacent areas of 126, 127 cover In total around 85% of them are unemployed women not to send kids to the Kindergartens. availability istend good. Important note that some of the child care centres integration policy. among them. immigration background, There are around 458 children aged 0-6 in the direct adjacent areas of 126,this 127has no reflectionwith Illiteracy rates: It is estimated that around 7 million people in Germany are illiterate. However, on the data on Stuttgart. and 129 with immigration background, on a city wide level such as the two big ones in Rumlinstrsse. Moreover, many andexist, 129it will help in interpreting the poor educatonal support capacity in homes for school children. This is also contributing to the If this data unemployed tendaspects. not to send their kids to the Kindergartens. ignorance of this item in thewomen integration Another 250 persons are from Illiteracy rates: It the is estimated thataround around 401 7 million people in Germany are illiterate. However, this has no reflection on the data on250 Stuttgart. Available KGs in area cover places for children of this age group Another persons are from the age group (18 to 21), Available KGshelp in the area cover the around 401 places support for children of this age group If this exist,data it will in interpreting poor educatonal capacity in homes for school children. This is also contributing theto 21), the age groupto (18 (this is data primary that has been gathered). Therefore, the child care centres 150 Children- 2.7%

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

19198

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

2010

2000

1990

1980

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1

399 306 220 129 66

ho w

ch At

10000

Naturkundehh

Dr aw i

n s ig De h ic ap ? Gr e/??? ptur Scul Photo graph y

e ur

ti /Ac nce a m

for Per

Music

ct ite

nci

Da ng/

8000

Culture is a broad term which is understood as both: a set of norms and traditions for a certain group of people and as a product such as in art and theatre (of course the second57 is influenced Artists by the first). The area of study has special

Waggons am Bahnhof

Film/V ideo Electrician nter le Carpe xti /Te ms sto Cu

Tango Ocho Wagenhallen Atelier Unsichtbar Wagenwerkstatte Ateliergemein schaft S-Nord Diakonisches Werk Wuttermberg Galerie Kinder & Hausgeburt Jugendhaus S-Bahnhaltestelle Haus 49 Shack e.V. ckerspace Martinskirche Staatliches Museum fur Rosenstein 2009-2011: 362Shloss events reported in the Rosensteinpark Naturkunde Eingang Kolping-Buildungswerk fur Wagenhalen by Muesum StuttgartZeitung Wurttemberg Naturkunde Ateliers an Ufa-Palast

WAGENHALLEN

An Area of Cultural Presence ... Pu p

Killesberg Naturfreundehaus Steinbergle Spielplatz Wartberg-Gelande Weissenhofmuseum im haus le Corbusier Weisenhofsiedlung 9750 Staatliches Museum fur

der Rampe Friedhof-und Eckartstrasse Bildhauerwerkstatt Treulieb Galerie Eigenart Martinskirche Pragfriedhof Atelierhaus Nordbahnhofstrasse 45

127

6000 qualities and aspects to look at in both directions as the following drawings aim to show. 4000

3950

2000

125

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

3580

3249

12 ﬁelds of interest

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Number of artists and how many in each ﬁeld Names of Venues for Cultural Events This chart is developed by the artists themselves (acc. to Stuttgarter Zeitung, 2009-2011)

0,5

126

Steinbeisschule Gewerbliche Berufsschule

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

129

Kilometer 0

Z-Club

Spielstrasse, Mitnachtstrasse

100

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

128 Night Destinations in Stuttgart Names of venues where cultural events were reported in the reported by Stuttgart December 2011 Zeitung between 2009-2011 Number of events that were reported in art Haf area, the Wagenhallen tgeach en tut er S e S had itself reported to have 362 Dones n onn h r Keller Ha.Ba

December 2011 Non German German

Non German German

2723 4679

gh -Lon orn D KA e

er c l u b s t. P

rc ki

Waggons am Bahnhof

Club Tr i-B Clu u bZ oll a

Alte s

Schaufenster Mitte Foru m Nu arieté eus M au V hsb usik c i r cen P d y alace ie tr e k r S F z e i r R e ote al G bü th tt

illesberg kK L ar

Source : Stuttgart Subculture website (www.stuttgart.subculture.de

p ent o u h

sc gro ei r

c l u b s t. P

sb u

Beac h Z Club

es Land

2000

Source : Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

i f a g a l e rie Cine C o

ge Eisspor t ou

lon pavil

uelle Ku akt ns ür

e ühn ichtb Freil

Höhe np

illesberg kK L ar

Waggons am Bahnhof

lo b r

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ub s Cl ra'

nhallen age W

Waggons am Bahnhof

e ühn ichtb Freil

gh -Lon orn D KA e

uelle Ku akt ns ür

chaufenster Mitte For um N rieté S ueus u Va sba Mus h c ikce ri d nt r e y Palace ie k r F zS e leri Rote a G bü th tt

lon pavil

Club Tr i-B Clu u bZ oll a

es Land

ub s Cl ra'

Alte s

Beac h Z Club

4000

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293 19198

2009-2011: 362 events reported in the Wagenhalen by StuttgartZeitung

* December 2010

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

9750

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

51 49 49 38 19

6000

2 2 2 2 1

127

399 306 220 129 66

128

129

Year

2010

2009-2011: 362 events reported in the Wagenhalen by StuttgartZeitung 2000

3950

4000

127

1990

3580

3249

125

1980

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

126 as participation in cultural processes, 3950 Cultural integration is interpreted 129 3580 the acceptance of 3249 core 100 societal values, including political participation 0 and identiﬁcatoin with128 a pluralist political system,

125

2000

126

The perceived (or129 real) stigmatization by others adding to the small scale Number of events that were reportedto inhave each area, Wagenhallen reported had the 362Wagenhallen events and adolescents in 100 itself social segregation negative Women itselfhave reported to haveconsequences. had 362 ones 0 2009-2011 (according to Stuttgarter Zeitung) 128a migration background tend to spend most of their spare particular with time within their city quarter and within homogenous non-German 127 networks. These conditions problems like ‘double semilingualism’. Number of events that were reported in eachfoster area, the Wagenhallen

Z-Club

Wurttemberg

in the reported by Stuttgart

Boa ad Gr

Source : Source : Statistics office, Stuttgart

Source : Artists, located in Wagenhallen area

Names of venues

ge Eisspor t ou

6000

Steinbeisschule Rosensteinpark Gewerbliche Berufsschule Kolping-Buildungswerk

Friedhof-und Mitnachtstrasse Eckartstrasse Bildhauerwerkstatt Steinbeisschule Treulieb Gewerbliche Galerie Eigenart Berufsschule Martinskirche Pragfriedhof Atelierhaus where cultural events were reported Nordbahnhofstrasse 45

bu rg

1980

Alternative night destinations are few (Wagenhallen, Palas and Rohre (just closted) The city is in need of such unusual places which appear to release of the creative energy of the city’s population. As networks of other night destinations seem to be close ended.

Ufa-Palast Z-Club

8000

1990

8000

Places in Stuttgart which are considered as night destinations.

Naturkundehh

2000

125

Spielstrasse, Mitnachtstrasse

r Feuilleton te Zap ea ata

2010

1980

Höhe np

10000

Year

Atelier Baur Atelier Baur/ Liebel 14 7 7 Architekturgalerie Weissenhof Bulow Tower 126 Number of Cultural production entities/venues that Augustinum Stuttgart Stereo Tota were reported by Zeitung Tango Ocho Killesberg Wagenhallen Naturfreundehaus 127 125 Atelier Unsichtbar Atelier Baur Wagenwerkstatte Steinbergle Atelier Baur/ Ateliergemein Spielplatz Wartberg-Gelande schaft Liebel 14 7 7 Architekturgalerie Weissenhof Weissenhofmuseum Bulow Tower S-Nord Number Werkof Cultural production entities/venues that Augustinum Stuttgart im haus le Corbusier Stereo Tota Diakonisches were reported Wuttermberg Galerie Kinder & in Stuttgart Zeitung Tango Ocho Weisenhofsiedlung Killesberg Hausgeburt Jugendhaus Wagenhallen fur Unsichtbar S-Bahnhaltestelle Naturfreundehaus Staatliches MuseumAtelier Haus 49 Shack e.V. ckerspace Martinskirche Naturkundehh Wagenwerkstatte Steinbergle Staatliches Museum fur Shloss Rosenstein Rosensteinpark Ateliergemein Spielplatz Wartberg-Gelande Naturkunde Eingang Kolping-Buildungswerk schaft Muesum fur Weissenhofmuseum Wurttemberg S-Nord Naturkunde Ateliers an Ufa-Palast

Diakonisches Werk Rampe Wuttermberg Galerie derKinder & Friedhof-und Hausgeburt Jugendhaus Eckartstrasse S-Bahnhaltestelle Haus 49 Bildhauerwerkstatt Shack e.V. ckerspace Martinskirche Staatliches Museum fur ShlossTreulieb Rosenstein Galerie Eigenart Naturkunde Eingang Martinskirche Muesum fur Pragfriedhof Naturkunde Ateliers an Atelierhaus der Rampe Nordbahnhofstrasse 45 Spielstrasse,

galeri ef

129

Number of artists and how many in each field Ro ck This chart is developed by the artists themselves o w er 57 Artists N 33 nly De Pe ck oO rfields n pa i kin k 12 of interest ort r tm sP eW ark en traß t Lu inzs r p n sNumber of artists and how many in each field h re Kro infor m AGis developed by the artists themselves This chart Altes 126

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127

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19198

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

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WAGENHALLEN 9750 10000

5293

1990

ly N On no i k t or ße W

Non German German

Surface : 681.4 ha

2000

September, 2010

2723 4679

m for Per

0,5

Non German German

anc

ublik t D er R ep ing

re Dr

Music

Number of Events reported in Each Area

WAGENHALLEN

es ut tit

Pal as

inggurentheat fortﬁ trum /Ac Zen ance

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ha Sc

e pe lin B t r Mesho

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Based on Workshop in Wagenhallen, 2010) Pu p

h Jo

Kilometer

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Number of Artists and Many innsEach Field

CULTURE AS A PRODUCT uspielhau

al C i t y T

M ak

nhallen age W

Lounge L au

0,5

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

r& Ba

CULTURE AS A PRODUCT CULTURE

nen ho fC lim ax

itenz Th Ren

i s e r P l at

Year

2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

ublik t D er R ep

December 2010

Names of venues where cultural events were reported in the reported by Stuttgart Zeitung between 2009-2011 e tD m

129

Non German percentage in Nord area

December 2010

tgart H

128

Alternative Places night destinations are feware considered tion, whereas networks of other, more in Stuttgart which as night destinations. (Wagenhallen, Palast and Röhre (just established night destinations seem to closted). Thenight city isdestinations in need of such be close ended. Alternative are few (Wagenhallen, Palas and Rohre (just closted) unusual places appear as releases The city is in which need of such unusual places which appear to release of the creative ofenergy a creative energy the city’s populaof the city’s of population. As networks of other night destinations seem to be close ended.

Non German percentage in Nord area

CULTUREhne Stut r Keller Haaf.Ben Der Son

Ro ck er 33 De Pe rk i pa ns r tm Pa en rk t Lu sh r einf orm AG Alt es

127

for ﬁgurentheat trum Zen

gend y Ju r Pla h e a te e raß lst

Steinbeisschule Gewerbliche Berufsschule

Ster eo

Spielstrasse, Mitnachtstrasse

Scho ina a nt cken N eu e s S c h l o s s C

Rosensteinpark Kolping-Buildungswerk Wurttemberg Ufa-Palast Z-Club

t on

Pal as

Cultural Integration”

- LK A

Kinder & Jugendhaus Haus 49 Martinskirche Shloss Rosenstein Eingang Muesum fur Naturkunde

399 306 220 129 66

rlin Me

126

ou lin

1980

2 2 2 2 1

spielhau sV hau Sc

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

re Dr

Number of Cultural production entities/venues that 1990 were reported by Zeitung

51 49 49 38 19

In s

sc gro ei

2000

2010

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28

lub ge C Prag 7 illa

Year

s Pr o eo Lo m o n Ro n g B o h e r o u K i n r n . g s lub Oran g n C n e K yS r ult z Th ur om eP A bR a r is ust M 1 T h e Clu aus ch

* December 2010

129

19198

es ut tit

128

5293

127

en ho fC lim ax

B - S ei

126

e tD m

127 NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

lo b r

19198

125

Atelier Baur Atelier Baur/ Liebel Architekturgalerie Weissenhof Bulow Tower Augustinum Stuttgart Stereo Tota Tango Ocho Killesberg Wagenhallen Naturfreundehaus Atelier Unsichtbar Wagenwerkstatte Steinbergle Ateliergemein Spielplatz Wartberg-Gelande schaft Weissenhofmuseum S-Nord Diakonisches Werk im haus le Corbusier Wuttermberg Galerie Weisenhofsiedlung Hausgeburt Staatliches Museum fur S-Bahnhaltestelle Shack e.V. ckerspace Naturkundehh Staatliches Museum fur Naturkunde

Ateliers an der Rampe Friedhof-und Eckartstrasse Bildhauerwerkstatt Treulieb Galerie Eigenart Martinskirche Pragfriedhof Atelierhaus Nordbahnhofstrasse 45

5293

i f a g a l e rie Cine C o

126

2723 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha

p ent o u h

Surface : 681.4 ha

itself reported to have had 362 ones

Obeservation besides survey ﬁndings in Germany show that the integration mode is an ambivalent one. Very little integration into the majority of the society and city as a whole with a fostered internal integration into city Cultural Integration” quarter and ethnic networks.

Cultural Integration”

Cultu the a and i

The p socia partic time netwo

Obes mode socie quart

Between City Wide Attraction and Inclusion ...

Considerations of the patterns in which people use spaces during different times of the day can provide some information on the number of people coming to the area and the mode of their use. The overall site has contrasting use patterns between day and night. The Wagenhallen in specific attracts more people at night

while its neighbouring business district is mostly visited during the day by people employed there (mostly commuters). The map is showing a preliminary analysis on that use patterns.

Non German percentage in Nord area December 2010

Non German in Nord Stuttgart

Kilometer 0

0,5

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

Space Use Patterns in Nordbahnhof Area - By Day and By Night 2011/2012 Source : Own findings and interviews and Data by statistical office, STuttgart

Non German German

Non German percentage in Nord area

2723 December 2010 4679

Surface : 681.4 ha 5293

19198

Non German in Nord Stuttgart * December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

Kilometer 0

0,5

129

Year

Source: „title of publication“ or adminstration 200??? page xxx

2010

2000

1990

1980

Non German German

S4,

rdba

S5,

hnho

Surface : 681.4 ha

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

5293 19198 Nordbahnhof U15 U12

* December 2010

NON GERMAN 1980 <2010

126

127

128

129

Year

2010

The business district hosts around 4000-5000 workers and employees during day in the working days (estimation based on primary data collection). The great majority of them come to work from other parts of Stuttgart and from nearer cities.

2000

Eckartshaldenweg U5 U6 U7 U12 U15

H IGSICEV U TY E EN R N AM T T PA S

A R T

O NG O TAANGGO T AN T

A R T

1990

1980

A R T

UB CL

Populatio 106 92 79 30 28 51 49 49 38 19 2 2 2 2 1 399 306 220 129 66

The Nordbahnhof street and the Mitnacht street are the two basic meeting points for people from The Nordbahnhof street and thethe area and speciﬁcally for youth at Mittnachtstraße are the two basic meeting from the area night. Duepoints to lackfor ofpeople appropriate and specifically night. Due to gathering points for youth youth,atsome lack points for also gooftoappropriate the area ofgathering the graveyards.

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

S4, S5, S6

youth, some also go to the area of the graveyards.

Mittnachtstraße

Pragfriedhof U15

People using the area by Night from the area from outside

S4, S5, S6 hnho f

Nordbahnhof U15 U12

The business district hosts

Eckartshaldenweg U5 U6 U7 U12 U15

S HT IGSICEV U TY E EN R N AM T T PA S

A R T

O NG O TAANGGO T AN T

A R T

usersusers can be attendees, clients, visitors, 1500 day and night a WEEK.

passers-by, tango dancers and other These users can be attendees, interested people. The estimation is clients, visitors, passers-by, dancing built on primary data collection with trainees and other interested different actors there. This means that it people. Thearound estimation is people built on is taking 78000 a year to primary data collection with differbe compared with other cultural destientnations actors in there. This means that it Suttgart. is taking around 78000 peole a year to be compared with other cultural destinations in Suttgart.

rdba

around 4000-5000 workers and employees during day in the working days. The great majority of them come from other parts of Stuttgart and from nearer cities to

The Wagenhallen hosts around 1500

Theusers Wagenhallen hosts day and night peraround week. These

A R T

UB CL

Mittnachtstraße U15 U12

S4, S5, S6 Mittnachtstraße

Pragfriedhof U15

People using the area by Day

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area - Rarely interaction between areas

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area, divided by large road and Business district - Rarely interaction between areas

Stuttgart Nord—Areas SWOT

129 Auf der Prag

.street.street.street

t.s

s tr

k s. t

.street.

k st rac ac

n ce fe

t.street

s tr

. ce

.fe n ce.

ree t

SWOT

- Too few people on the site to oppose against projects for gentriﬁcation (lack of ofﬁcial „lobby“ - Many areas are left abandoned and partly neglected - area has lowest duration of tenancy

T - Number of births is rationally decreasing - As only few ofﬁcial data available from Wagenhallen area, any kind of (favorable or offensive) planning is applicable

S - Mixture of cultures and nationalities - Place of recreation and quiteness - Green zone in the centre

O - Intergrable part of natural green „spine“ - inspiring to include environmentally sensitive concept in planning of neighboring site

- Buffer zone between the areas and the center creating a border - Separate entity with speciﬁc/unﬂexible use

- Open space - Green „spine“ support - developable space - very few population to be considered

- Vacant and unused areas inﬂuencing future uses (gardeners, etc.)

- Stays a green lung through park project

W - requires special environmental know-how for transforming its large green parts - very few population to be considered

T - Planning in this area has inﬂuence on the planning of Wagenhallen area (126)

O - No strong attachment towards the site from neighboring areas - Investment possible - Large ratio of space to be developed

S - Large amount of spatial voids - Cultural strength and reputation - socially heterogenious zone - Known for subculture - presence of creative artists and projects

cks.track

tra

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.fe n ce.f

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128 Am Rosensteinpark

e.street. e . fe n

street.

- Few current interest in the area by large proportion of neighbors - Few exchange so far

127

street.street.street.s

Data deriving from (orange areas), Borders of areas

- Mixture, diversity - indirectly inﬂuencial on the use of the Wagenhallen area if considered

Am Pragfriedhof

str e

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area, divided by large road and Business district - Rarely interaction between areas

126 Nordbahnhof

- Directly adjacent to area of Wagenhallen - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses

- Directly adjacent to area of Wagenhallen - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses, university - Park, heritage site

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area - Rarely interaction between areas

- No direct spatial connection to project or analysis areas - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses - Park

- No direct relation to Wagenhallen area - Rarely interaction between areas

- No direct spatial connection to project or analysis areas - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses - Park

- No direct spatial connection to project or analysis areas - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses

- Direct spatial connection to area 131 (Heilbronner Str.) - Use: Middle class housing, detached villas - Mixed businesses

- Ethnic and religious diversity - Inﬂuencial on the use of the Wagenhallen area if considered - Social cosyness - High proportion of young population - High level of internal networks

- Few current interest in the area by large proportion of neighbors - Poor eductaional level among residents - Low demand to interfere in development of neighboring area

- Project can inﬂuence leisure and use, mobility, integration behaviour - Opportunities for local human capital investment

- Project can inﬂuence the value of land - Marginalize the area and its inhabitants - Eviction of certain segments of the neighborhood

SWOT data derives from the analyzed statistical data in combination information taken from ﬁeld visits (i.e. local mosque, churches, social and communty facilities, inhabitants, local businesses, newspaper SWOT data derives from the analyzed statistical media, websites, etc. data in combination with information taken from field visits (i.e. local mosque, churches, social and communty facilities, inhabitants, local businesses, newspaper media, websites, etc.

Overall SWOT Strenghts

Weaknesses

The site is mixed in terms of social structure and economic situation. It has a diverse population. It has a big percentage of young population who form a resource for any development. The area has a considerably good number of services for (small) children such as Kindergartens that cover most of the population in the area. Land values and rents are affordable.

The socio-spatial concentration of social and ethnic population groups in specific areas. Social barriers are existing between some parts of the area. Poor educational conditions among young people in the Nordbahnhof area and poor educational support capacity at their homes. Increased likeliness among non-Germans to become unemployed or in low wage works. High rate of welfare recipients.

Potential for socio-economic and cultural development that can also benefit the neighboring communities There are opportunities to foster integration and to establish educational programs in the area. Considering the relatively high unemployment rates, it would be a good place for job creation.

Opportunities

Further separation and heterogeneity between people in the direct surrounding of the site and the users of the project. Real estate values may rise when development takes off, which will most probably result displacement of the large proportion of people on low income.

Threats

SWOT data derives from the analyzed statistical data in combination with information taken from field visits (i.e. local mosque, churches, social and communty facilities, inhabitants, local businesses, newspaper media, websites, etc.

Built Environment

Methodology In order to reach to a comprehensive analysis of the built environment of the Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area, the group started with defining boundaries for the area of study. In terms of the approach, three steps can be distinguished: (1) observation, (2) analysis, and (3) conclusion. In the observation phase, the group visited the site several times in order to collect primary data. The group categorized the area into four significant zones, distinguished according to the following aspects: boundaries & obstacles, common urban characteristics, and building typologies. In the analysis phase, the following tasks were carried out: data categorizing and clustering, stating impressions, spatial analysis for the whole area. This included studies of the overall urban and visual characteristics and the urban qualities for the Nordbahnhof area. In addition, a comparative analysis was made in critically comparing the different urban characteristics of the four distinguished zones. Finally, the analysis phase finished with a detailed analyses which included urban analysis, typological and characteristics classification for each zone. Conclusion were then drawn based on a SWOT methodology. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats were defined in terms of the findings from the built environment analysis and focusing on the zone of the Wagenhallen area. Ghevar Ismaiel, Mona Farouk El-Kabbany, Zaineb Madyouni, Nahla Nabil Makhlouf, and Ayham Mouad

Introduction

Studying the Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area, different impressions emerged. The residential areas, for instance, have various intimate, semipublic spaces, which provide space to the residents to perform their everyday activities. Adding to this is the significant architectural style of the buildings. Next to this are construction sites, a junk yard and a cement factory, all connected by unpaved paths - a setting that evokes a feeling of desolation. The Wagenhallen are like an oasis of arts amongst all the other surrounding urban

features, which have not much consideration for aesthetics and beauty. The Wagenhallen building is a historic industrial structure. In addition to this, there are railways and disused wagons, usually objects that bring particular transport-related ideas to oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mind, but in the Wagenhallen area they have a completely different significance. Most of the railways on the site are idle, only acting as a barrier between the site and surrounding areas. Sometimes they are even used as part of an art work (like in the Memorial of

Remembrance). The wagons were until recently actually used as residential places for artists and activists. Passing through the site, strange relationships between pedestrians and trains occur, for instance, when passing along the steel bridge, which connects the Wagenhallen with the neighboring areas.

Structure

General Analysis Solid/Void Ratio

Comparative Analysis

Urban Characteristic

Road System Analysis

Detailed Analysis

Urban Quality

Open Space Analysis

SWOT

Visual Characterstic

Skyline & Proportions Strengths

ZONE 1

Wagenhalle Area

Opportunities

ZONE 2

Rosenstein Quartier

Weaknesses

ZONE 3

Business District

ZONE 4

Wagenhalle Area

Threats

Four Distinct Zones

In terms of the built environment the area can be divided into four distinct zones: Zone 1: Wagenhallen Area is a former industrial rail services area is in the middle of the other zones. Several buildings were demolished, but a few larger sheds remained as well as some used and disused railways and a large rail-bridge. Zone 2: Rosenstein District is a residential area with some services. Zone 3: Business District contains mainly office and commercial buildings. Zone 4: Northern Triangle is a residential district with some historic and administrative buildings as well as a vineyard.

Active and Disused Railways

Buildings of Mixed Ages

Before 1943

1985–2000

Dis-used Railways

1943–1985

2000–2011

Active Railways

Old residential building for DB workers

Old residential building

Modern building of DB

Around 30% of the buildings were built before 1943; 40% between 1943-1985; 18% between 1985-2000; and 12% between 2000-2011.

Landmarks and Places of Interest

Rosenstein District

High Rise Building

Wagenhallen

The bridge

Houses under Bridge (unusual implementation )

Places of Interest

Land Marks

Cemetery

Land Marks

Places of Interest

Secluded Wagenhallen Area Zone 1 offers a multitude of views. The extent of the visual field is more important from the inside. From outside, from one of the entrances, for instance, there are only limited viewing angles. The Wagenhallen area is not fully visible and open to its surroundings. Visual obstacles enhance the feeling of visual segregation in the area.

Zone 4

View from Access 1

Old Railways

Zone 2

Zone 1

Physical barriers sperating the Zone 1 and Zone 2

View from Access 3

View from Access 2

Zone 3

Opennings Obstacles Main Entrance Hidden Entrance Visual Barrier

Zone 1 is shaped by railways which are seperating it from its surounding areas. Even though most of the railways are no longer in use, the separation to the other areas remains. In addition, fences were constructed to seperate Zone 1 physically and visually from the neighbouring residential area.

Distinct Patterns of the Built Environment

Big Masses

Blocks

Rows

Fragments

Highrise Businesses, Medium Rise Housing and Low Rise Sheds

Road Network: Between Grid Structure and Organic Morphology

The first impression that occurs to the observer when arriving to the area from the S-Bahn is the sight of the high rise buildings at the horizon. Once inside the residential area, one almost completely looses sight of this high rise building. Instead, there is a sense of homogenity of building heights and the constant skyline along the streets. This is completely different inside the Wagenhallen Area, where all the buildings are low rise industrial sheds.

The area is served with a good network of main roads and public transportation facilities. Zooming into each zone, we can detect different features for the internal road networks. In the Rosenstein Area the streets are wide and planned on a perpendicular grid. In the Business District, there is only one main road serving the area. It has an organic morphology due to the land shape. In addition, there are hidden paths. They formed due to the existing barriers in the surrounding area.

Street Section (S-S): Cutting through two major roads: The Norbahnhof strasse and the inner bahnhof strasse.

Innerbahnhof strasse

Nordbahnhof strasse

General Setions: The sections below show the different land levels and the general skyline for the whole area. Wagenhallen

Longitudinal Section looking North West Wagenhallen

Cross Section looking North East Wagenhallen

Longitudinal Section looking South East Wagenhallen

Cross Section looking South West

Comparative Analysis of the Four Zones Zone 1: Wagenhallen Area

Zone 2: Rosenstein District

Urban Patterns There are only a few buildings in this area. The solid to void ratio in this area is 18%, which is the lowest in comparison to the surrounding area. The buildings follow two patters: big masses, such as the Wagenhallen building and fragmented buildings, which are located here and there.

This area has the highest density of population in the area, but its solid to void ratio does not exceed 25%. There are two urban patterns: blocks and rows.

Road System Analysis The road system inside the area is very poor with few hidden or not well-finished paths. Ways of how to enter the area are not very clear. Most of the enterances are very narrow and hidden. The road system outside the area is very good and one can easily reach the city`s main station.

There is a very good network of streets. The hierarchy of the road network from outside to inside makes it very easy to reach any part of the area. Many stops of the public transport are ditributed along the western egde, close to the Wagenhallen Area (Zone 1).

Open Spaces Analysis The open space in this area is undefined, particularly in terms of the space between the fences and the old railways, which are shaping the edges of the area.

Unlike in Zone 1, the shapes of the open spaces are one of the clearst characteristics of the Rosenstein District, mainly in the form of enclosed semi-private open spaces inside the residential blocks.

Skyline & Proportions

Wagenhallen

The longitudenal section through the area shows the relation between building heights and the wide open space inbetween. It also shows the difference in skyline between the building heights inside the area and the buildings in Zone 3.

Section through one of the blocks in this area, showing the propotional relation between the homogeneous building heights and sizes and the courtyard in-between.

Zone 3: Business District

Zone 4: Northern Triangle

This area consists of the highest number of big masses, which also represents the only urban pattern here. The solid to void ratio is 35%.

This area is quite similar to Zone 2 in terms of the urban patters (blocks) and the solid to void ratio, which is 24%.

Unlike Zone 2 the hierarchy of streets shows that the road pattern does not follow a rigid, but an organic form.

Similar to Zone 3, the road hierarchy is very clear and follows an organic form. All the streets are accessible by car and the enterances are clear.

Most of the streets are wide and accessible by car which may serve most of the buildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; functions in the area. This area is accessible easily and it has very clear enterances.

The open spaces are rather undefined. The buildings are not connected or clustered together.

invisible urban space, unexpected by strangers

strong, visib entrance

Pedestrian cars

invisible urban space, unexpected by strangers

This area combines two types of the open spaces. In some parts it is defined with some buildings clustered together, making an open space inbetween. In other parts open spaces are undefined.

Longitudinal section through the Zone showing the skyline

Section of Zone 3 towards the West, showing the relation of topography, street width and the proportion of the internal courtyards.

wagenhallen Area

Cross ection through the area showing the skyline.

Above and below, two sections through the open spaces showing the proportions of building heights to the width of the open space.

Zone 1: Post-Industrial Environment

1—The Wagenhallen The Wagenhallen is a former maintenance building of the DB and takes a central position in Zone 1. It is a large rectangular steel structure of 150x83m and it is about 10m high. The building is covered with brick. It has a gable ceiling with skylight windows. It is divided into four modules. There are 36 entrances. The structure of the building allows for relatively flexible ways of reuse.

Exterior View

The perspective of the Wagenhallen with the steel structure

Interior View

Site Plan

Cross Section

Floor Plan

Linear Elevation

Linear Section

Cross Section shows steel structure

2—Residential Buildings

Textures

Concrete

Section of the both buildings — Perspective View

Stone

Brick Perspective of Both Buildings

3â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Wagons

Wagons Location Source:www.wagenhallen.de

4â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Paper Factory

The building has a concrete and steel structure.

Perspectives

The factory accupies a prominent position in relation to the areas surrounding it. It is an observation point.

Limits

The building is a former Paper factory situated in Zone 1 between the old railways and the area of Buisness District.

View from the Paper Factory

Elevations

Plan

Section

Railways

Zone 2 : Rosenstein Viertel Valuable Architectural Features in a Normal Residential Area Building Typologies

Open Spaces

Typology 1 The buildings are arranged on a linear row along the Nordbahnhof strasse, overlooking the Wagenhallen area. The area of floor size of each house ranges from 150 to 250 m2. Each house has a frontyard and a backyard and is surrounded by a fence.

Houses under the bridge Residential buildings

Detached residential buildings with 3-5 floors, built in the mid-20th century.

Rosenst

ein Str a

sse

Textures & Materials Nordbahnhof Strasse

Residential buildings overlooking the wagenhallen

The Church New buildings (after 2000): Mostly commercial, educational and office buildings

Typology 2 Every block of 14-16 buildings is arranged around a semi-public space. This is a very classical arrangement as most of the buildings were constructed before the World War II. The semi-private courtyards resulting from this arrangement give a sense of intimacy and privacy. Each block is around 60x90m.

Variation1: Buildings are completely Variation2: Buildings are detached or attached. The entrance to the buildings is semi-detached from passageways on the ground level.

Brick walls, pitched roofs, wooden doors & windows, steel fences, arches: these are some of the features mostly observed. Modern buildings mostly feature different materials such as concrete, glas, paint, aluminium.

Street Features

Typology 3 Similar to typology 2, buildings are attached, and arranged in a linear form. In this case open spaces resulting from this arrangement are different, but still give a sense of enclosure.

Other Features Left: The church located in the neighborhood. Right: One of three houses built underneath the bridge. Section through Nordbahnhof Strasse Looking West

Zone 3: The Business District

Building Typology 1: Courtyard Buildings

Building Typology 2: Semi-Open Courtyard

Courtyard buildings can be found many times in this area. The internal courtyard is mainly for private use and only sometimes it is accesible from outside.

Semi-open courtyard buildings, shape an enclosed open space.

Location of typology

Location of the typology

Fences

Textures and Material

Fences around some buldings in addition to the fences between the zone and Wagenhallen area itself

A view of the segregation betwen the modern Business District and the unoccupied area of (Wagenhallen)

Most of the building materials in the area are of modern textures such as glass, concrete or plaster

Zone 4: Northern Triangle Heterogenous building styles

Old buildings look similar in terms of layout and elevation

Modern buildings look similar in terms of layout, but look different in terms of the elevation. 4

2 Sections of old buildings

Quality of Urban Space:

Trasitional space, human scale, h/l: 1.3 more than 1/2 no visual perception

StĂśrzbachÂ str

Trasitional space, human scale, h/l: 1.7 more than 1/2 no visual perception

Sarwey str

Sections of modern buildings

Strenghts & Opportunities

1â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Strengths Transportation The area is very well connected to public transport. Surrounding Road Network The area is surrounded with a good road network serving the residential parts and the business district. There is no good road network in the Wagenhallen Area.

The Average Height in the Residential Areas Residential areas surrounding the Wagenhallen Area are homogeneous in terms of heights, as they are all medium rise housing buildings, except for the commercial zone (zone 3), which also contains a few highrises. The area has the privilege of having a low density in terms of the built environment. Since it is located in the city center, and surrounded by denser areas, the openness becomes a special character for this area. The Wide/Open View Due to the open space inside the area of the Wagenhallen, the passers can experience an open view, which is not possible elsewhere.

The Cemetery

Visual Connection (from Business Area) The direct visual connection inbetween or behind the buildings on the edge of the buisness district could provide a perfect visual connection with a panoramic view of the Wagenhallen area but unfortunately with no access to the land. On the other side there is no visual connection with any of the surrounding areas which could be considered as a weakness.

2â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Opportunities The Wagenhallen Building The space offered by the building (according to its wide apne and open plan design). Also the flexibility of the building for eventual transformation and for making use of the surrounding land. The Business District

Land leveling results in a sense of enclosure and privacy in the area of Wagenhallen, which is special.

It could play a motivated role for the future development of the area. Most of the businesses based in this area will be aiming to encourage the area to be developed which may cause a raise of the land value and accordingly raising the importance of the area.

This wide area of non-built environment gives a big opportunity to develop the land in a sustainable way and build new sustainable buildings.

Residential Wagons are a unique element of the area.

Potentials for new connections between zone 1 and 2.

Weaknesses & Threats

3—Weaknesses Heterogeneous Architectural Styles

Lack of connectivity and visibility between the different zones (fences , rail ways…) Barriers and obstacles engender exclusion for zone 1 regarding to neighbors & inclusion regarding to the zone itself. The presence of fences and the old rail ways make the different zones turning their back to zone 1. The result is an area disconnected from the neighbouring areas and locked in on itself.

Exclusion

Inclusion

Hidden entrances: only a regular visitor can recognize entrances to the area.

Lack of visibility due to fences and building leveling

Disorientation (zone 1) offers an open space without any planning or infrastructure (road network..) that inducts a sensation of disorientation due to the lack of hierarchy.

4—Threats Loss of Open Spaces

Stuttgart 21 The project creates an enormous danger for the site itself and the surrounding areas because it ends the possibilities for flexible transformation.

Land-Use, Activities

Methodology This part contains analyses regarding historical and current developments of land uses and examinations of different activities in around the Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area. Maps of the different services in the area are combined with considerations of how they influence visitors in and outside the area. In addition, issues of transportation and accessibility are considered as they facilitate local services. Different groups of users are distinguished according to the ways in which they use the city. These different ways of using the city can be seen as resulting in different urban systems. In addition, analyses of the numerous civic society institutions, their influence and interlinkages are provided. Rather than relying on officially released statistics and the typical analytic instruments of the planner, this chapter is based on personal field-observations and interviews, which can take into account the various internal processes of the Wagenhallen and Nordbahnhof area. Empirical data was gathered on numerous visits to the site, observing, surveying and interviewing inhabitants as well as representatives from local institutions. The historical analysis was developed based on oral history interviews and studies of existing literature on the historical development of Stuttgart Nord. Basic spatial data provided by the City of Stuttgart was used as the starting point for GIS analyses for which a geographical database was produced on the basis of data collected on site. Baher El-Shaarawy, Julia Hartmann, Mohammed Abdel Aziz Ibrahim, and Eslam Mohamed Mahdy Youssef

Historical Development Outside City Boundaries Historical Development—Outsideness

1780 The gallows have been moved from the city far outside to the so-called Wolframshalde

built-up area cemetary roads railway

1 km

1880 The Prag Cemetary is inaugurated in 1873, still well outside the city boundaries. Just to the North lies the city‘s cesspit.

1920 A rail service site is established just North of the cemetary, including a shed for wagon repair. Housing for the employees is provided just next to it, far away from the edge of the built-up area.

2010 The growth of the city has caught up with the Wagenhallen Site in previous decades. However, the Rail Site and the former Rail employee housing remains disconnected from the city fabric by major roads and rail lines.

Outside City Boundaries The Wagenhallen site has had an exceptional status outside city limits since its very beginnings as the city‘s medieval execution site. During the course of the centuries, „less desirable“ uses, activities and communities have clustered here, and links to the rest of the city have never been established properly or have been successively severed by railway lines and major roads. Physical and land use separation from the city have resulted in particular internal dynamics and even the partial suspension of rules and regulations. This fact and the seclusion and disuse of recent years have fostered the development of a unique culture and provided space for specific activities. While today, aternative cultural programmes and services appeal to the wider population of Stuttgart and even the whole region, the residential areas in close proximity to the site suffer from the disconnection of workplaces, lack of services and increasing segregation.

Historical Development Losses of Local Workplaces 1900

1950

In the course of the extensive development of the railway during industrialisation, the Wagenhallen Site is established. Housing for the rail employees is erected in close vicinity.

The Railway area intensifies and a second generation of railway housing is being built. Other industries are locating close to the Wagenhallen area. On the Hillside to the West, a villa area provides fresh air and views to the more affluent residents of Stuttgart.

Workplaces rail industry Workplaces other, predominantly city commuters Workplaces self-employed, creative industries Social housing for railway employees Housing other, predominantly villa-type

Multi-Use

1900 1900

1950

1980

2010

cesspit cesspit

Railway Service Paper recycling

Railway Service Paper factory

Cement works Building supplies

Recycling company

Demolition Company Recycling company

Allotment Gardening Allotment Gardening

Wagon Bar, Cafe and Studio Wagon Bar, Cafe and Studio Creative start-ups Concerts and events Creative start-ups Holocaust memorial Concerts and events Hobby repair workshops

Children play in vacant rail lands Children play in vacant rail lands

Throughout its history, the site has been able to accommodate a large variety of vastly differing uses and activities, doubling and tripling in recent years.

Holocaust memorial

Illegal raves Hobby repair workshops Shackspace Information scientist offices Illegal raves Children play around wagenhallen Shackspace Information scientist offices Graffiti and Land Art Children play around wagenhallen Rubbish Dumping Graffiti and Land Art Rubbish Dumping

1980

2010

The villa area on the hillside is fully established, industrial activity around the site has intensified, and the Railway provides around 4500 workplaces to its employees living to the East.

Structural changes in the Railway industry lead to a closure of the Wagenhallen works. Other local industries are replaced by office buildings mainly supplying workplaces to commuters, while the Wagenhallen site has become a site for off-culture and an incubator for creative start-ups from the city. Links to the former railway housing are severed.

Decrease in Food Production

1900

vinyards forests allotment gardens

1950

The stark contrast between Eastern and Western areas also becomes apparent when looking at agricultural areas. While to the West, vineyards and forests dominated cultivated by farmers from Stuttgart; to the East, agricultural land use took the form of allotment gardens providing vegetables to the rail employ-

1980

ees. Today, local food production plays no significant role in the area. Vineyards and forests have been diminished by the growth of residencies for the affluent, while allotment gardening has become a leisure activity and is valued mainly for the social contacts and exercise it provides.

2010

Land-Use The area has different uses. Two distinct areas are divided by Nordbahnhof straĂ&#x;e: On the Eastern side, there is the Rosenstein area, which contains residential areas and services such as educational, cultural, restaurants and super markets,

cinema and theater. On the Western side, there is the Wagenhallen area, which contains mixed uses such as artist, commercial, industrial, religious, and potentials of vacant lands and open spaces.

Analysis

Construction stores

Wagenhallen

Railway

Companies

New scool

Cemeteries

U Bahn

Vacant land

Waste

Concerts

Industrial

Mixed Residential Office Buildings Mixed Commercial Special Uses Green Area Graveyard Church Railway

Weak Connection

Services & Transportation

Services of Internal and External Influence The area has very diverse services that are attractive to a range of users. Services can be classified depending on whether they attract users from within the area or from the outside: (1) Services attracting users from the area such as supermarkets and schools. (2) Services attracting users from both inside and outside of the area such as Wagenhallen, cinema. (3) Services attracting mainly users from the outside, such as the office buildings and commercial areas. Services that may affect the development vision are the Wagenhallen area and the commercial district.

Education

Making Music

Office Buildings

Sports

Art/Design

Cinema

Play

Theatre

Gardening

Food

Church Service

Conversation

Mosque

Concert

Craft

Engineering/Design

Dancing

Super Markets

Meter 0

250

500

Transportation The study area is well-connected to the public transportation network (S-Bahn & U-Bahn). An analysis of the transportation service distance the Transportation service destance buffer by measuring distance walk to the stations, we found almost the whole area has fully served by public transportation except some small area (inside Wagenhallen & at the edge of area). There are two pedestrian pathes crossing the Wagenhallen area. There is no direct connection to the park, to the museum and the Mineralb채der except one long walking path.

Activities / Services Station Strong Relation (Public Transportation) Medium Relation (Walk) Weak Relation (Private Cars / Walk) Services Buffer of Public Transport

Meter 0

250

500

Accessibility of Different Services and Areas

Accessibility of Wagenhallen Zone: Wagenhallen zone is well connected to public transportaion. However, there are only very few entrances to the area. Inside the Wagenhallen zone there are only walking paths: one crosses the area by bridge and the other one crosses the area from east to west.

Public Transportation walk Activities / Services Station Entrance

Accessibility of Educational Services Elementary schools are located in the middle of the resedential area. Pupils live within walking distance to the school. There is no secondary school in the area. Secondary school pupils need to use public transportat (S-bahn) to go to schools outside their area. Most pupils who want to cross the area to get to other side or to go to the school center use the pedestrian bridge.

Station Education Public Transportation Walk

Accessibility of Destinations, which Attract Users from the Outside Destinations attracting users from the outside such as offices and cinema are located along the main roads. Their users come by S-Bahn, and they cross the Wagenhallen zone on the bridge.

Administrative / Offices Cinema Station Public Transportation walk

Spatial Systems of Different User Groups

Local Pensioners ex- DB and Post-Office Workers

The main leisure destination for the typical pensioner (ex. DB worker, Italian origin) may be to go to events in the churches St.Georg and Saint Martin and the Gemeindehaus, where you can get soup, and where old people‘s meetings

Local Recent Immigrant Adult and Child Girl

take place. In addition, this typical might go to Italian group meetings in house 49 or to the graveyard. Some of them probably have an allotment garden. To go shopping the typical pensioner might take the U-Bahn from Mittnachtstr.

Local Recent Immigrant Teenage Boy

The main destination for the typical immigrant can be distinguished accoding to age. A local adult immigrant stays home most of his free time and goes to the Mosque on Friedhofstrasse 71. A local

child immigrant goes to school at Rosensteinschule, and stays home, because she is not allowed out. However, she goes to the mosque with her family.

Wagenhallen Artist and Office Worker

A local teenage boy goes to school at Rosensteinschule, and visits one of the bistros for lunchbreak. He plays football at the playground and goes to the ufa cinema.

A typical Wagenhallen artist lives somewhere else in Stuttgart. He comes by Ubahn or S-Bahn and goes to Wagenhallen by foot. A typical office worker lives in the suburbs. She arrives by public transport and walks across the bridge past the Wagenhallen site. After lunchbreak, she meets her friends for a smoke in the small “public space” between office buildings.

Activities Wagenhalle Site Activities inside the triangle of the Wagenhallen site could be classified into tree main categories and seem to remain for long time on site. How can these activities be managed and absorbed in the future development?

Small Cultural & Arts Enterprises

Construction Activities

Small Cultural & Arts Enterprises

Construction Industry

Graffiti Workshop & Events Place

Artists Wagons

Soil Treatment

Tango Ocho

Creative Studios and Workshop Spaces

School Construction

Events Space

Jam Sessions & Crafts

Light Industry 9

Scrapping Cars

Construction Waste Compnay

Light Industry

Activities Endangered Species Type of Species

Requirements, Needs and Preferences

1 Grafitti Artist

Degree of seclusion, prefers abandoned industrial sites

2 Child

Unkempt areas, wild fauna and flora, open spaces, sometimes in need of unobserved activity

3 Fine Artists and Innovators

Affordable studio spaces, seclusion from busy city lifestyle. Does have a degree of resilience, but might be pushed out by an increase of commercial events on the site

4 Pensioner and Hobby Craftsman

Affordable work spaces in walking distance to home, noise-resistant surroundings

5 Jam Session Musician

Small spaces with good acoustics and accessibility, noise resistant surroundings

6 Allotment Gardener

Small plots of agricultural land in walking distance to home, possibility to self-construct small shelters.

7 Local Youth

Weather protected seating area, degree of seclusion, sometimes noise-resistant surroundings

8 Learning Impaired Worker at Lebenshilfe e.V

Weather protected outdoor seating area for coffee breaks, contact with surrounding community

The Wagenhallen areaÂ´s continued seclusion and separation, as well as its other particular characteristics, have attracted and even fostered particular species, most of which have difficulties finding suitable conditions for their activities elsewhere.

9 Afghan Refugee Woman

Outdoor meeting place corresponding to cultural norms

While some of these endangered species have been able to take advantage of the site specificities, others are likely to have ended up in the area not by choice, but as a consequence of systematic processes of exclusion and segregation. Consequently, they have devised their own meeting areas, but often lack more formal and/or inclusive spaces.

10 Resident of Menâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC;s Hostel

Public meeting places, protection from verbal and physical abuse

space in front of Lebenshilfe e.V. workshops

1 abandoned Pfleiderer Building

5 car garage 2 derelict land around Wagenhallen area 3 former residential buildings for Wagenhallen workers

4 workspace in main Wagon hall

5 Session space

9 Street in front of Steinbeiss school

6 Allotment Area

7 Holocaust Memorial

10 Street in front of Norma shopping centre

Endangered Habitats Species lacking appropriate Habitat

Civil Society Group Venues The area has a large number of local initiatives and civil society institutions. A mapping of group venues, sizes and activities as well as existing collaborations and involvement in future area transformation is pointing to some imbalances. Some groups are likely to have a disproportionate impact on

local decsision making processes, while the seemingly well-networked mostly represent only a particular part of the population. Devising strategies for future collaborations and partnerships as well as opening up new spaces for activities might help to redress the balance.

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VEREIN P T R

KOLP I

sports associaton offering training and courses for children, youth and adults

BILDUNG G N

HAUS 49

STE I

NISATIO GA

of participationon regular basis in transformation process

present level of collaboration

NISATIO GA

seldom/occasional

present level consultation

frequent

none/occasional information

NISATIO GA

NISATIO partnership GA

One key challenge regular for anyinformation future development will be to overcome the disadvantages NISATIO of separation and segGA regation while retaining the benefits of consultation the exceptional status and the unique characteristics the site has developed. NISATIO GA Analyses of different spatial systems and different groups ofpartnership users showed the high dissections between these groups and the insufficient accessibility to many facilities and activities on the site. Activities in the Wagenhallen are such as cultural events, artists’ studios, construction sites and light industrial activities might remain on site, so finding a way to handle the relationship between them

RGERV E BÜ

KLEING

MA R ZEICHE

none/occasional information present level of collaboration none/occasional information N

cultural association with an emphasis on temporary use projects acting on behalf of the wagenhallen creative community

N LE

N AGE HAL W

NISATIO GA

regular information

IN NORD RE

local residents associaton organizing social activities and representing interests of the bolder generation

district advisory council comprised of local representatives of the main political parties reporting to the city council on local district issues

R ERIN DE

project commemorating deportation + murder of Stuttgart’s jewish citizens during the 3rd Reich

present level of participation in transformation process

primary and lower-tier secondary school engaged in a number of integration initiatives

seldom/occasional on regular basis

is significantly important. In addition, it seems vital to re-establish the severed frequent residenconnections to the neighbouring tial area. To encourage the development of local employment opportunities is another central issue. In planning processes it will thus be important to address the question of how to safeguard the particular flexibility and ability to accommodate different uses and how to develop resilience for future economic, demographic and environmental changes. There are many other opportunities such as further developments on the gardening culture, promoting social exchange and ensuring food security in

case of crisis. New places of exchange for segregated groups and communities could be created and existing ones could be reinforced. Finally, the small cultural enterprises could provide opportunities to act as integrating factors. There is the chance to create new alliances and partnerships with existing community groups and organisations.

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TEIN SCH NS local

IRKSBEIRA Z T BE

UNG ER N

LADEN S FO

education centre offering general education as well as vocational training in the building trade

HNHOF BA

NSGEME TI I

protestant church wide variety of groups and activities ranging from capoeira to soup kitchen and kindergarden

association aiming at representing the interests of the local population regarding the S21 project

local allotment gardener’s associaton

E ND

social enterprise workplaces for the learning disabled including gardening group

EISS SCH B N

E UL

H ENS ILFE B E

TENVERE AR

PRAG IN

family centre large number of activities for children and adults as well as advice for families

neighbourhood centre education and activities for youth, children and families + meeting spaces for different cultural groups

JU G

ST. G

RD NO

FAMIL I

catholic church activities like a pensioners club and local youth club

open concept youth centre offering meeting space and activities for ages 6-27

E UL

DE IN

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TE ADT ILZE T S

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RUM NT

interreligious work group including christian, muslim and alevit communities

ZENTRU N E

KINDER&

local primary school and kindergarden

ROS E

G SCHULE A R

NORD US

mosque and qu’ran school homework help for children

RAHAM AB

education centre for adult education ranging from basic educational qualification to university degrees

MOSCHE KZ

ERK SW

G RA

SPO

Civil Society Institiutions

bianually elected board representing the interests of Stuttgart North’s Youth and reporting to the City Council

Policy, Planning, Participation

Methodology The policy context of the study area has been analysed from three different perspectives: the administrative, the political, and the civil. On the administrative level, legally and non-legally binding plans were examined according to the information they contain for the study area. Interviews with officials from the city government have endorsed the document analysis. The political dimension has been studied according to the strategies and visions adopted by the city government for shaping the future vision of Stuttgart. The Urban Development Strategy (STEK) was analysed for identifying general recommendations including some specific proposals for the area of study. The Urban Framework Plan (Rahmenplan) and relevant city by-laws were considered for more specific political strategies. Interviews with members of the municipal council have provided insights into the different political strategies for the site. The examination of the civil perspective has been based on the five most important mechanisms of participation associated with the site: the general open civic participation processes, the specific participation procedure for the affected quarters, the dialogue phase for STEK, the Rosenstein Stiftung, and conventional participation mechanisms. Further, voting behaviour of the inhabitants as well as the political impact of selected local organizations has been considered based on site visits, an interview and desktop research. Manal Fakhouri, Pia Lorenz, Ebtihal Mohamed, Zakaria Rashad, and Muna Shalan

The ‘Counter-Current’ Principle The Planning System of Germany How is urban policy and planning characterized in Germany? What levels and actors are involved? The planning system in Germany is characterized by its decentralized nature containing a reciprocal influence by federal, state and municipal authorities upon each other’s principles. This system is commonly referred to as the ‘countercurrent principle’ (Gegenstromprinzip). The major legally binding competences are distributed on the municipal level. The national level of planning is limited to the development of guiding principles and spatial planning which provide the legal basis for state spatial planning. The state level spatial planning coordinates local development goals and national principles in a mixed top-down/bottomup planning system. Regional Planning is part of state spatial planning level. It develops sectoral integration and implements the goals of state spatial planning. Although the State Development Plan and the Regional Plan are legally binding, they only contain very general requirements. Planning on a local level is concerned with formal tools on the basis of the Federal Building Code controlling and preparing the use of land. It is carried out on the level of the preparatory land-use plan and the binding land-use plan. The formal structure implies a hierarchical order of the creation of the plans; however the practical reality has shown that changes of plans at the local level trigger changes at the regional or state level.

Planning Levels

Planning Instrument

State Level (Land) of Baden Wuerttemberg

State Development Plan (Landesentwicklungsplan)

State Landscape Program

Regional Assembly (Regionalversammlung)

Regional Plan (Regionalplan)

Reg. Landscape Framework Plan (Landschaftsrahmenplan)

Urban Development Strategy (Stadtentwicklungskonzept -STEK) Preparatory Land-Use Plan (Flächennutzungsplan)

Landscape Plan (Landschaftsplan)

Urban Framework Plan (Rahmenplan)

Municipalities

Local Development Plan (Bebauungsplan)

Local Green Structure Plan

Local Design Plan

City By-Laws (Ortssatzung, städtische Verordnung)

Application for Building Permission

Legally Binding

Non-binding

Planning at the Local Level Development Planning Requirement (Planerfordernis) Initial Decision Procedure (Aufstellungsbeschluss) Initial Draft, Alternatives, Environmental Assessment Checklist (Rohkonzept, Alternativen, Umweltprüfung-Checkliste - UP) Public Participation (Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit) Preliminary Draft (Vorentwurf) Involvement of Public Authorities and Public Agencies* (Beteiligung der Behörden und Träger öffentlicher Belange) Draft Zoning with Environmental Assessment (Bebauungsplanentwurf mit Umweltprüfung) Approval Decision Procedure (Auslegungsbeschluss) Public Display of Local Dev. Plan & Environmental Report (Öffentliche Auslegung von B-Plan und Umweltbericht) Evaluation of Public Engagement & Compensations (Prüfung der Stellungnahmen, Eingriffs-, Ausgleichsbilanz) Decision on Final Local Development Plan (Satzungsbeschluss Bebauungsplan) Issuing Results of Final Decision (Mitteilung des Prüfungsergebnisses) Final Announcement and Implementation of Plan (Bekanntmachung, Inkrafttreten) Flow Diagram of a Local Development Plan preparation in accordance with provisions of the Building Code(20.07.2004) * There is a list of public authorities and public agencies whose comments have to be taken into consideration

The process of spatial planning in Germany is characterized by a very strong legally constraining framework. In order for a Preparatory Land Use Plan or a Local Development Plan to be created, all of the steps in the graph to the left have to be followed. First, the administration needs to detect the legal requirement for a planning concept which is done according to certain legal rules. Second, the administration proposes for the municipal council to decide upon the creation of the development plan. The decision on the ‘Aufstellungsbeschluss’ is then taken by the municipal council. After formal checks of alternatives and environmental impacts, the first public participation process is introduced. Public information meetings and debates are held to discuss the foreseen developments throughout a period of a few weeks. The meetings are announced in the local newspaper (Amtsblatt). The specific procedure is described in § 3 BauGB. Further, the preliminary draft is created by the city administration, more specifically the ‘Stadtplanungsamt’ and shown to a large number of public authorities and agencies with a public interest. These authorities are invited to send in their concerns to the plan which have to be answered by the Stadtplanungsamt before proceeding with the plan. After an environmental assessment by

the administration, the city council is asked to approve the further proceeding of the plan (Auslegungsbeschluss) before it will be displayed to the public. The public display has to take at least one month and has to be displayed in the newspaper at least one week prior. The public is invited to comment on the plan and to address the city department with its concerns. The comments will be evaluated and partly integrated by the city administration. Every comment is documented and handed to the municipal council who then decides on the final version of the plan. Results will be announced and the plan will be implemented.

Reading Through the Maps A Comparative Study on how They Reflect Visions and Policies

Regional Plan

(StadtentwicklungsKonzept - STEK)

Scaled to the Wagenhallen/ Nordbahnhof Site

Original Scale

(Regionalplan)

Urban Development Strategy

Content: • Subdivided into goals, basic principles, recommendations and written statements for the development of settlements, green belts and infrastructure • Outlines the regional structure of land uses and governs the spatial order to coordinate the development of settlement and recreational uses with transportation and infrastructure networks and public facilities • A basic planning principle is t•he concept of development corridors and central places Territory Covered by Plan: The plan covers the Greater Stuttgart Region, which includes the municipality of Stuttgart (the state capital of Baden-Wuerttemberg) and the counties Boeblingen, Esslingen, Goeppingen, Ludwigsburg and Rems-Murr-Kreis Scale: The essential part is the ”Land Utilisation Map” [Raumnutzungskarte] in the scale of 1:50.000. Planning Interval: Approximately 10-15 years targeted. The up-dated 4th Regional Plan was adopted by the Regional Assembly (Regionalversammlung) on the 22nd of July 1998 and is binding since March 1st 1999 Legal Basis: ”Federal Regional Planning Act“ [Raumordnungsgesetz (ROG)], ”State Planning Act” and [Landesplanungsgesetz (LplG)], Gesetz über die Stärkung der Zusammenarbeit in der Region Stuttgart of February 7th 1994 (a bill to enhance collaboration within the Stuttgart Region) Planning Authority: Verband Region Stuttgart Public Participation: Since 2006 two stages of public participation exist: 1. Informal participation of planning authorities, counties, municipalities, nature conservation associations 2. Official public participation with display of draft plan

Content: Important instruments and tasks are: • Coordination of sectoral planning (schools, and social services, amongst others) with urban planning • Individual plans in the fields of housing (Housing Report), economic development (Report on Perspectives for Economic Development), and public infrastructure • Guidelines for various fields of urban development (Concept for the Allocation of Neighborhood Centers) and structural framework concepts for selected locations (for example single districts or sub-regions) Territory Covered by Plan: The entire municipality of Stuttgart or parts of it, depending on the subject of plan Scale: 1:2.500 - 1:20.000 for maps, but most of the STEK is in written form Planning Interval: 15 to 20 years Legal Basis: None Planning Authority: The City of Stuttgart Adoption / Supervisory Body: Municipal Council Public Participation: Corresponding to planning task, coached discussions, forums and workshops: 1. It ties together the economic, environmental and social concerns of a city with necessities of urban development 2. This overall citywide planning assessment -which also puts emphasis on selected model projects – is meant to be a ”navigator” for spatial planning as it provides a broad framework for various fields of action

Preparatory Land-Use Plan (Flächennutzungsplan)

Urban Framework Plan (Rahmenplan)

Content: • Aligned with the aims of state spatial planning and regional development planning. Prepares and organizes the use of all lots located within a municipality for building and other types of use according to the prerequisites of the Federal Building Code [Baugesetzbuch (BauGB)] • Outlines the existing or proposed land uses especially residential, commercial and transportation uses, green spaces, agricultural and forestry land • Drawn up in order to secure planned urban development

Content: • Scale depends on the project; normally entire city districts • Constitutes a non-formalized level of spatial planning that lies in between the Preparatory Land Use Plan and Local Development Plan • Addresses the framework plan for Stuttgart 21 and the transformation of the whole area • Mainly addresses in detail major urban developments, forms of housing, work, services and cultural offerings in the specified area

Territoy Covered by Plan: The entire municipality of Stuttgart, with a resident population of about 590.000 within an area of 207 square kilometers or 80 square miles (as of 2005) Scale: 1:10.000 Planning Interval: 10 to 15 years, current plan effective until 2010 Legal Basis: Legally Binding. § 5 ”Federal Building Code” [Baugesetzbuch (BauGB)] Planning Authority: The City of Stuttgart, Department of City Planning and Urban Renewal Adoption / Supervisory Body: State authority on sub-ministerial level (Regierungspräsidium) Public Participation: According to the requirements of the BauGB, two stages of open public participation exist: 1. participation of the public at the earliest stage 2. public display of draft plan

Territory Covered by Plan: Depending on project; normally entire city districts. Scale: 1:5.000 - 1:1.000. It deals with urban sub-areas or neighbourhoods Legal Basis: Non-legally Binding Planning Authority: City of Stuttgart Adoption / Supervisory Body: Municipal Council Public Participation: Discussion with affected parties and advisory district boards

Local Development Plan (Bebauungsplan)

Content: • The B-Plan particularizes the plan at lot level • Identifies the expected impact on the environment • Comprises sometimes type and degree of building, land use, specification of lot areas which may or may not be built on, and designation of public thoroughfares • Governs the construction or alteration of building structures on a site • Provides regulations for land registration, reallocation and expropriation, and serves as a basis for the provision of public infrastructure Territory Covered by Plan: Depending on the project Scale: 1:500 - 1:1.000 Planning Interval: Depending on the project Legal Basis: §§ 1 and 9 ”Federal Building Code” [Baugesetzbuch (BauGB)]. It includes the legally binding regulations for the urban framework forming the basis for the enforcement of the Building Development Code Planning Authority: City of Stuttgart, Department of City Planning and Urban Renewal Adoption / Supervisory Body: The Municipal Council adopts the binding plan as a statute. Public Participation: According to the BauGB, participation of the public at the earliest possible stage and a second public display of draft plan (open public participation for one month) with examination of suggestions.

Towards the City of Tomorrow The Vision

Urban Development Strategy (STEK)

General Visions for Stuttgart The general vision for Stuttgart City is provided by the Urban Development Strategy (StadtEntwicklungsKonzept —STEK). It provides the general framweork for the city including the area of study and addresses the main goals for urban development such as: • Provide ecological, social and economic sustainability: use energy efficiently; inner before outer development; keep open spaces; protect species. • Strengthen Urban quality: strengthen identity, keep high inner city density, keep characteristic city centers, strengthen architectural and engineering tradition, enhance quality of public space, set topography in scene, emphasize water in the city. • Cooperation in the region: emphasize Stuttgart’s role in Europe as motor of societal and economic development, strengthen capacity to compete, develop a regional Masterplan, develop a vision for the region, landscape parks. • Secure and design green and open spaces: from the green U to a green network. • Social integration: family and child friendly city, senior citizen friendly, people with non-German background. • Secure housing and urban forms of living: cover demand in existing areas, supply of just housing spaces, provide subsidized housing, change prevalent housing ideals to future orientated ones.

• Enhance economic locatioal factors: strengthen economic perspectives of Stuttgart, strengthen productive sector, enhance transport sector, develop education and innovation potential, provide good climate for founding a new business, develop retail and local supply. • Enhance cultural diversity and high level education: strengthen cultural identiy of city quarters, support new entrepreneurial initiatives in the cultural sector with new funding structures. • Enhance sports and leisure activities. • Create city friendly transportation.

In the fall of 2004, an interdepartmental strategy for city development in Stuttgart (the so-called STEK - StadtEntwicklungsKonzept) was brought forward. It provided a basis for the Stadtentwicklungsplan (a comprehensive urban development plan) for the fields of housing, economy and employment, culture and education, recreation and sports, social affairs, landscape and open spaces, mobility and traffic. This overall citywide planning assessment – which also puts emphasis on selected model projects – is meant to be a ”navigator” for spatial planning as it provides a broad framework for various fields of action.

General Recommendations for Areas (A, B and C): • Maintain cemetery as green areas, sport areas • Elevated areas used for cafés and restaurants • Green linkages to surrounding areas (Bad Cannstat, etc) • Expansion of the Rosensteinpark • Emphasizing city entrances (esp. from Rosensteinpark) • New pedestrian connections through the park expansion • Conservation/Upgrading of the historical center • Conservation/Upgrading of the Bahnhof • Strengthening of cultural inner city location • Single supply area • Securing existing commercial areas • Extension area for educational use • Upgrading/Securing residential areas e.g the old buildings • New work and live developments • New development areas for service providers • Urban links (only 2 connecting the development area) • Securing the development characteristics of the villas uphill • Attractive walkway between the city center and 21 Stuttgart • Mixed-use urban quarter in Rosenstein • Town-integration of the Mineralbäder • Careful development of the Green U

source: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, 1997, Rahmenplan

What policies measures are taken to face the vision? Which ones are specifically important for Rosenstein? General Recommendations for Area “C”:

SIM (Stuttgarter Innenentwicklungsmodell)

A more specific vision for the area of study “Area C” is displayed in the Urban Framework Plan (Rahmenplan). Besides general policies, it provides detailed information on the permitted and un-permitted uses in the area.

Aims: • Socially just developments

• Area C is majorly foreseen for housing and mixed use

• Climate security

• Population forecast for the Rosenstein Quarter (C and parts of B) is envisoned for 14.000 inhabitants and jobs to become 20.000 jobs

• Secure housing in the inner city

• A socially stable mixture in the area shall be created (a mixture of age, education, income, and cultural groups is favorable)

• De-polarize the housing market

• Social homogeneity in the house but heterogeneity in the quarter • Social displacement shall be circumvented • Ecological needs as well as economic and social interests shall be considered • Experimental housing is foreseen such as flexibility in usage, living in a group, apartments for youths and multi-generation living

• Social mixture, high urban quality

• Renaissance of urban living

Measures of SIM: • 20% of all newly developed areas hast to be housing • 20% of this new housing developments have to be provided for subsidized housing which is aimed to be a mix between social housing (SMW), apartments for medium income groups (MME) and cheap ownership (PWE) • 1/3 of the value rise of the ground shall stay with the investor whereas the remaining rise in value has to be invested in securing affordable housing, green spaces, infrastructure, and urban quality standards such as sustainable building regulations

• High densities should be foreseen especially at the Transit Oriented Development areas (for e.g around metro stations)

Erhaltungssatzung (City-by-Law to Preserve a Neighborhood):

• The needs of senior citizens shall be considered separately

Measure according to building law that can be taken in order to protect a neighborhood from speculation and change. Such law has existed from 1997 until 2002 for the Nordbahnhofviertel but the municipal council under the CDU and FDP coalition has abolished it. Now, the municipal council is discussing to reintroduce it with the SPD being its main supporter.

• No big box retails are forseen in the area • Big block structures shall be avoided • Buildings heights shall generally not exceed 22m • The area shall be developed in the traditional design of the 19th century neighborhoods in Stuttgart • Flat roofs shall be green • The Wagenhallen are not mentioned as cultural heritage. Thus they do not legally have to be preserved • Cultural usages of Area “C” are not mentioned in the Urban Framework Plan • Renaissance of urban living • De-polarize the housing market • Social mixture, high urban quality

Advantages: Historic buildings will have to be preserved Renovations are circumvented which prevents rent increases and protects the existing population from displacement Disadvantages: • The measure is not effective enough as it does not prevent renovations generally (brought forward by Pätzold, Green member of the municipal council) • Owners are unsatisfied with this measure as it restricts them Alternative: The city would have to buy the buildings Andrea Krüger (CDU), head of the district council Stuttgart-North: “It is not a fear, but a fact that today’s tenants of the Nordbahnhofviertel will have to leave the quarter.” Source: Schieferecke (2011)

source: Deutsche Architektenkammer, 2011

Time and Process

1994 April

1996

1995 - 1997

1999

First official presentation of S21 and its implications on the neighborhood and the new development sites.

Urban Design Competition Winner: Trojan und Trojan.

Creation of Urban Framework plan.

Regional Plan Update

2000 Prepatory land-Use Plan Update

Administrative

First proposition designed by Gerkan, Marg und Partner on behalf of the Deutsche Bahn presented to the public at the press conference. This plan demonstrates the emphasis of housing in the area of C1. This model does not foresee the preservation of Wagenhallen.

Political Dimension

1994

1995

2001 The city bought plots of Stuttgart 21. The city owns the area.

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

1997 - 2002 Erhaltungssatzung. This city by-law has beenintroduced to protect the Nordbahnhof viertel according to its urban shape and the population it comprises.

Initiative “Leben in Stuttgart – kein Stuttgart 21”

1994 - 1997

Civil Perspective

Initiative “Stuttgart 21 ja bitte” They emphasize the role of the citizens in the planning of the new city quarters and call for participation in this development process. Social sustainability of the new quarter as well as the preservation of the Nordbahnhofviertel (Erhaltungssatzung) is of concern to them.

Developed together with „Umkehr Stuttgart“ the concept of K21, an alternative above ground railway station. They criticize the project, its financing and its public participation process, however they are only marginally involved in issues of city planning. Especially not concerning areas they want to keep for tracks.

1997-1998

1997 MarchJune

Civic participation for the Nordbahnhofviertel.

Open civic participation all over Stuttgart on S21 or rejection.

1998

1999 June

Foundation of the Info-Laden Stuttgart 21 auf der Prag. It aims to provide an information platform and a possibility to debate the effects of the project S21 on the area.

Opening of the Turmforum. It is an exhibition about the S21 project organized by the proponents in order to inform the public about the project.

400 participants took part in 15 working groups and worked out 900 propositions for the urban framework plan concerning for S21. The municipal council decides upon adoption.

2001

2003 - 2004

2008

2004 - 2006

Competition of „Rosenstein Viertel“ Winner: Pesch und Partner

Urban Development Strategy „STEK“

Competition: Architects in Coorperation with Investors . Winner: Glück + Partner for school of Health

2010 February Official construction starts. Break Ground.

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007 Nov. - December 61.193 signatures are handed to the municipal council to ask for a petition for a referendum (the first step to a referendum). Official rejection of the 61.193 signatures by the municipal council. The attempt by the opponents of S21 to introduce a petition for a referendum was rejected on legal grounds because the mayor tactically settled the financing contract beforehand.

2005 STEK DialoguePhase During ten public meetings, citizens, experts and political representatives had the possibility to comment on the STEK. The following institutions, associations, offices and citizens commented on the STEK.

2007 February The municipal council decides upon the building of the new school for health and care next to the Wagenhallen. The school was not foreseen in the most recent plan by Pesch & Partner but rather a spontaneous political decision.

2009 July Municipal Elections. For the first time in history the Greens constitute the majority in the Stuttgart city council. The conservatives (CDU) reach their lowest point since 1962. This change also implies new political directions in urban planning.

2011 March

2011 November

State of Baden-Württemberg Government Elections. The Greens take over the State Government in a coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) whereas the conservatives lose governing power for the first time since the existence of the Landtag. The change of government has great influence on the procedure of S21 as the Greens have always been opposing the project. They start pushing for a referendum.

The year of political statements: Mayor Schuster: “We want to develop the new city quarter together with the citizens”. 2011 November a majority of 58.8% rejected the state‘s withdrawal of its financial contribution to S 21.

2011 August Rosenstein meets Wagenhallen 300 interested citizens, involved businesses, members and friends of the Kunstverein Wagenhallen and political and administrative representatives meet at the Wagenhallen.

2010 December Rosenstein Stiftung inspiration Phase of Rosenstein Stiftung starts. The Rosenstein Stiftung has been created following the arbitration verdict of Heiner Geißler, the official arbitrator of Stuttgart 21. He stated that all new development areas shall become part of the Stiftung in order to prevent price speculation.

2012 June 27 hours Urban Action. An international real-time architecture competition is going to take place in the area which aims at defining community needs and encourages local residents to engage in their physical environment.

Voices of the Locals Public Participation

Political & Administrative Sphere

Open Civic Participation

Participation for the Affected Quarters

(Offene Bürgerbeteiligung)

(Quartiersbeteiligung)

for the Urban Framework Plan for S21

for the area affected

In the open participation process in 1997, 400 citizens from all over the city took part in 15 working groups defining visions, principles and recommendations for the city development of the Rosenstein quarter after S21. The following propositions constitute an excerpt of the 900 presented ones. Working Group

Adopted Propositions

Seniors

Senior friendly housing and infrastructure, civic center, clinic

Women

Small parcels of land,

mixed-use, social mixture, experimental housing, barrier-free housing

Youth

Education, Culture, Social affairs

Energy and Environment

Cityscape and Design

Traffic

Housing

Multi-generation living, play and sport grounds, skating facility

Open space as communication centers, 10-15% social housing, day care facilities for kids, primary education, railway museum

Ongoing Environmental Impact Assessments, re-naturation of the river Störzbach, open river Nesenbach

Investor diversity, rail museum in the engine shed of a railway, ground level crossovers, partial closeup of Cannstatter Street

Dense bicycle and pedestrian network, area for car free housing

Mixed social structure, flexible apartment sizes, low-energy housing, neutralization of the barrier Heilbronner Street , Wolframstreet, Cannstatter Street and Willy-BrandtStreet

Source: Durchdenwald (1997)

Not Adopted Propositions • Enlarge park by 30%, • Proportion of 24 000 jobs to 11 000 inhabitants shall be adjusted towards more housing, • No new high-rise buildings, • Light rail connection from East to West Portion of public transit to be 75% instead of 60% • Coverage of Heilbronner Street and Wolframstreet not possible Specifically for area B: • No development • New public pool • Alternative light rail concepts Specifically for area C: • No cross connection to Heilbronner Street • Enlargement of the cemetery Pragfriedhof

In 1997, areas primarily concerned by the construction of S21 have been involved into an own citizen participation process. 50 citizens from the 4 districts (Nordbahnhofviertel, Auf der Prag, Am Pragfriedhof, Heilbronner Straße) took part in the process. Some of their most prominent postulations were: • Extend the character of the quarter to the new quarter • Connect the new and the old quarters • Keep traffic out • Ensure a lively and lovely quarter with southern European charm • Guarantee the affordable apartments • Develop a pedestrian and bike friendly quarter • Encourage diverse and small retail facilities • Extend the green spaces • Build a market place • Street lay-out shall stay the same • Provide a community center or community café • Extend the area for the Haus 49 (to develop a city farm)

Swot Analysis

On Participation Process SWOT on the five most important participation processes taken place in the area of study since 1997 Legend: open: the open participation process undertaken for the Urban Framework Plan in 1997 nord: the specific participation process undertaken for the Nordbahnhofviertel in 1997

Dialogue Phase (Stadtentwicklungskonzept-STEK) for Urban Development Concept

In 2004 the city of Stuttgart started the process of compiling the first cross-departmental Urban Development Concept (STEK) showing the functional and spatial development potentials of the entire city for the next 15 to 20 years. The first draft constituted the basis for a public dialogue which took place in 2005. In contrast to the open participation process for the Urban Framework Plan for S21 which was aimed primarily at ordinary citizens, this dialogue was characterized by a high level of expertise.

Insitutions & Associations

3 14

Architects & Engineers Citizens

Members of Parties of Associations

Strength • Informing decision-makers of the relevant local issues (open, nord, stek, ros) • Inclusive character, relatively small barrier for participation (open, nord) • Large number of participants (open) • Level of expertise is high (stek) • Legally guaranteed platform to comment and entitlement to an answer (con) • steady democratic representatives on the district scale (con)

stek: the dialogue phase for the Urban Development Framework (STEK) in 2005 ros: the dialogues initiated by the Rosenstein Foundation since 2010

Opportunity

con: the conventional methods of participation foreseen in planning law

• Large media coverage and political attention (open, stek, ros) • Relatively high acceptance of propositions (open, stek)

Political & Administrative Sphere

Rosenstein Stiftung

The Rosenstein Stiftung has been created following the arbitration verdict of Heiner Geißler, the official arbitrator of Stuttgart 21. The foundation shall provide a forum for dialogue between decision makers and the public. Eventually, all new development areas shall be owned by the Stiftung in order to prevent price speculation. Legal inconsistencies have so far prevented this hand-over of areas. The Rosenstein Stiftung has so far only served as a platform for ‘inspiration’. Discussions about urban mega-projects and urban perceptions have been organized: • Rosenstein meets Wagenhallen • Social Wealth – Living, residing, and working in the future • What is special in the city? • Urban development in Zürich • The new Vienna main train station • Hamburg Harbor City • The main train station in Utrecht

Conventional Participation

• „Tokenism“ - final decision is not dependent on citizen‘s acceptance (open, nord, stek, ros, con) • Heterogeneity of local interests (open, ros, stek, con) • Unbalanced power distribution within the group of participants (open, ros, stek, con) • Rigid official participation process not accessible for local population (ros, stek, con) • Time of involvement is too early (open, nord)

Threats • Low impact of comments (stek, con) • Little effort to decrease barriers of participation for locals (ros, stek, con) • Subject to political bias (ros) • Political actors argue they have done their duty in participation already at the beginning of the process

The voter turnout for the referendum on S21 conducted in November 2011 only reached 41.5 % in the area of interest (Nordbahnhofviertel, Auf der Prag, Am Pragfriedhof, Heilbronner Straße) in contrast to a relatively high turnout of 67.8% in the whole city of Stuttgart.

Development Planning Requirement Initial Decision Procedure

41.5%

Initial Draft, Alternatives, Environmental Assessment Checklist

Public Participation Preliminary Draft Involvement of Public Authorities and Public Agencies*

67.8%

Draft Zoning with Environmental Assessment Approval Decision Procedure Public Display of Local Dev. Plan & Environmental Report Evaluation of Public Engagement & Compensations Decision on Final Local Development Plan Issuing Results of Final Decision Final Announcement and Implementation of Plan

The Stuttgart-Nord District Council (Bezirksbeirat) an advisory board to the municipal council with members of the parties proportional to the votes of the area and a non-German representative. It is supposed to specifically represent the interests of the distric Stuttgart-Nord.

Weakness

Voter Turnout In the Referendum on S21

The Greens Christian Democrats (CDU) Social Democrats (SPD) The Liberals (FDP) Liberal Voters The Left Party

Composition of the Bezirksbeirat Stuttgart Nord Official Citizen Meeting (Bürgerversammlung) Stuttgart Nord of November 21st 2011:

The Official Citizen Meeting is an organized meeting for the citizens of Stuttgart Nord with the aim to discuss important developments in the area. Such official meetings only take place every 5 to 8 years and are directed towards all of Stuttgart Nord, not just the study area. The mayor and other local politicans are present at the meeting. Surprisingly, in the last meetings people only marginally raised concerns about the constructions site connected with S21.

What are the reason for such little turnout? • General distrust in the political system • Frustration on the issue of S21 and its impacts on the area • Little access to conventional participatory mechanisms

Political Behavior Of the Left and SPD Party The area of interest is according to the voter participation of past elections a party stronghold for the Left party and the SPD. The inhabitants who participated in the elections thus have a Stuttgart-wide comparably high sympathy of left wing parties. This might imply that the municipal branch of the Left party and the SPD engage to a larger extend in projects concerning the area.

Empowerment Groups Political Organizations

Stuttgart-Nord District Council (Bezirksbeirat)

Citizen Information Office (Infoladen auf der Prag e.V.)

• Official political body in municipal politics • Advisory board to the municipal council • Its members are composed proportional to the votes in the area • It comprises one non-German representative • It represents all of Stuttgart-Nord

• Founded on the grounds of a civic participation process in 1997/1998 requesting an organization that speaks for the inhabitants and informs about S21 • Concentrates on the plans and political discussions of S21 and its impacts on the area • Regularly invite citizens and politicians to discuss the consequences of S21 and other aspects of urban transformation for the area

Haus 49

Neighborhood Association (Bürgerverein Nordbahnhof e.V.)

• Has the aim to bridge the cultural differences and promote communication between the different groups in the area • Founded in 1983 it was financed by the RobertBosch-Association • Started as a pro-bono homework help for children of migrant workers and developed to a community meeting facility offering all kinds of education and meeting space for local associations • Today five people are working full-time at the Haus 49 assisted by about 20 voluteers • 70-75 % of the visitors are inhabitans of the surrounding city district • political showcase example for integration in Stuttgart

• The citizen association was founded in 1997 by an italian immigrant worker and his neighbors • The association shall invite for commuication and communal activities for the citizens • It shall prevent the consolidation of national identities between the different immigrant groups • It organizaes a steet fest every summer

Rosenstein Stiftung • Created following the arbitration verdict of Heiner Geißler, the official arbitrator of Stuttgart 21, stating that all new development areas shall become part of the Stiftung in order to prevent price speculation • It shall provide a platform for citizen participation on the future of the new development areas of S21 • High level local politicians discuss alternatives with representatives of local stakeholders in formalized events

72 Hours Urban Action • An international real time architecture competition aiming to change places actupuncturally with in 72 hours • Planned to take place around the Wagenhallen in summer 2012 • Created by members of the Kunstverein Wagenhallen e.V. and international architects and artist • Emphasizes the constraints of public space in an increasingly privatized world and the role of citizens‘ participation in shaping their environment • Provides a vehicle for public projects without the bureaucracy that of offical projects

Analytical Reflections SWOT Analysis

What are site inherent strengths and weaknesses of the site from a political perspective? Which by the politcal context externally created oportunities and threates influence the site?

Strengths

Weaknesses

• The presence of politically and socially organisations that have access to expertise.

• Local organisations lack influence over the decision makers leaving the issues raised by the local population unaddressed. • The low input of the local population into the participatory process delegitimize the views expressed by the local organisations. • The presence of a multi-national local population led to wide spectrum of raised issues and a divided political position towards addressing these issues. • Reluctance and frustration towards the official participation mechansims lead to negligance of the local interests • Local organisation pre-select communty represrntative leading to favouritism of certain interests.

• Frequent discussion platforms hosting dialogue between the organisations and the local population.

Opportunities

Threats

• A better chance to preserve a social mixture in the area due to the strong political direction and legally binding rules for future developers represented by the he Stuttgarter Innenentwicklungsmodell (SIM). • The political emphasis of the SPD to prevent gentrification is demostrated through the discussion about the re-introduction of the Erhaltungssatzung, a city by-law to preserve a certain neighborhood. • The majority of the Greens, the SPD and the Left Party in the municipal council represents the voting priorities of the inhabitants of the area • The political sphere and the media on all government levels show great interest in the area. Therefore, a large public platform to discuss the relevant issues is provided.

• Local demands are not widely represented on local land use plans due to the regulatory nature of the high-tier plans. • Gentrification is still a major challenge since the Erhaltungssatzung may not provide a suitable judiciary measure to protect the area from it. • New development leads to rising land values, while local voices calling to control land values are neglected. • Exclusion by nationality from certain participatory mechanisms of a great amount of inhabitants lead to biased results

References, Imprint

Natural Environment, Climate References

Natural Environment, Climate List of Figures

Statistics Sources

Built Environment Sources

— Foundation for Nature and Environment of the Landesbank Baden-Württemberg (1977) — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2004) Stadtklima Stuttgart, Homepage des Amts für Umweltschutz, Abteilung Stadtklimatologie: http://www. stadtklima-stuttgart.de (last access 14.01.2012). — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2009) Environmental aspects in spatial planning in Stuttgart, Script by the Office for Environmental Protection No. 1/2009, — LUBW (Landesanstalt fur Umwelt, Messungen and Naturschutz, BadenWürttemberg) http://brsweb.lubw. baden-wuerttemberg.de/brs-web/ home.xhtml (last access 14.01.2012) — Office for Environmental Protection (2012) — WIKIPEDIA The free Encyclopedia (2012) Inversion (meterology), http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_ (meteorology) (last access 14.01.2012) — WIKIPEDIA The free Encyclopedia (2012a) Urban Heat Island, http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_heat_ island (last access: 14.01.2012) — VERBAND REGION STUTTGART (eds) (2008) Klimaatlas Region Stuttgart, Schriftenreihe Verband Region Stuttgart, No 26 — Kur- und Bäderbetriebe Stuttgart (2008) Das Stuttgarter Mineralwasser Herkunft und Entstehung. www.sauberesgrundwasser-stuttgart.de (Last access 21.12.2011) — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart Amt für Umweltschutz (1996) Hydrogeologie und Baugrund, Schutz der Mineralund Heilquellen.

— Base maps provided by Stadtmessungamt Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, if not labelled differently — Fig.1: author — Fig. 2: Baummüller, J. (2008) CD-Rom City Climate 21 – Basic materials for urban climate and for the planning, Version 5, Capital City Stuttgart, Office for Environmental Protection, Department for Urban Climatology, modified — Fig. 3: author — Fig. 4, 5: Office for Environmental Protection (2012) — Fig. 6: author — Fig. 07: EULEB (European high quality Low Energy Buildings) Glossary: Heat Island Effect, http:// www.acca.it/euleb/en/glossary/index. html (last access: 14.01.2012), modified — Fig. 08: Computer simulation by climate consultant software — Fig. 09: author — Fig. 10, 11: author — Fig. 12: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart Amt für Umweltschutz, 1996: Hydrogeologie und Baugrund, schutz der Mineral-und Heilquellen. — Fig. 13: Dr. Behmel — Fig. 14: author — Fig. 15: Ami Adini (2011), Permeable” Is “Porous,” but “Porous” May Not Be “Permeable”. http://www.amiadini. com/NewsletterArchive/110128NL143/envEnl-143.html — Fig. 16: Office for Environmental Protection -Stuttgart, (2009), Environmental Aspects in Spatial Planning in Stuttgart, Modified — Fig. 17.: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2004 (Last access 15.01.2012) — Fig. 18: http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/ briefings/road_air_pollution_health. pdf (Last access 14.01.2012) — Fig. 19: http://www.smhi.se/ polopoly_fs/1.1687!image/ Scenarieverktyg02.jpg_gen/ derivatives/fullSizeImage/ Scenarieverktyg02.jpg (Last access 14.01.2012) — Fig. 20: www.clipartof.com (Last access 13.01.2012) — Fig. 21: author — Fig. 22: http://www.vectorstock. com/i/composite/29,71/62971/trainvector.jpg (Last access 13.01.2012) — Fig. 23: Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2004 (Last access 15.01.2012) — Fig. 24: Lärmaktionsplan der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 2009 — Fig. 25: author — Fig. 26: author and information from www.vvs.de (Last access 15.01.2012) — Fig. 27, 28, 29: author — Fig. 30, 31: Baummüller, J. (2008) CD-Rom City Climate 21 – Basic materials for urban climate and for the planning, Version 5, Capital City Stuttgart, Office for Environmental Protection, Department for Urban Climatology, modified — Fig. 32, 33, 34: author — Fig. 35: Kur- und Bäderbetriebe Stuttgart (2008) Das Stuttgarter Mineralwasser Herkunft und Entstehung. Available at: www. sauberes-grundwasser-stuttgart.de (last access 21.12.2011) — Fig. 36, 37, 38, 39, 40: Author — Fig. 41, 42, 43, 44: Author — Fig. 45: LUBW, Landesanstalt fur Umwelt, Messungen and Naturschutz, Baden-Wurttemberg. Http://brsweb. lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/brsweb/home.xhtml — Fig. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50: author — Fig. 51, 51: author

1— Statistisches Büro Stuttgart 2011, data provided by Angar Schmitz-Veltin (Excel data) 2— Statistisches Landesamt BadenWürttemberg : www.statistik.badenwuerttemberg.de 3— Stuttgart information : www.STGT. com 4— Website of Stuttgart city, www. stuttgart.de 5— www.migration-info/mub_artikel. php?Id=070507 6— Statistisches Amt Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart – Informationssystem, Online-Information, www.stuttgart. de/statistik-infosystem 7— www.stuttgart.de/item/ show/305805/1/publ/13959 8— Datenkompass Stuttgart, 2010/2011 9— Sozialdatenatlas Kinder und Jugendliche 2009, Stuttgart 2009 10— Muslime in Stuttgart 2009 by Ansgar Schmitz-Veltin, Statistisches Amt, Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart 11— CLIP Network, Housing and segregation of Migrants, case study in Stuttgart, http://www.eurofound. europa.eu/pubdocs/2009/494/en/1/ EF09494EN.pdf

Rosenstein base maps provided by Mr. Dilger of the Department of Urban Planning and Urban Renewal of the City of Stuttgart and base maps of the Wagenhallen, provided by Mr. Lendzinski of the KV Wagenhallen. Many thanks to both contributors!

Meetings: — Meetings with members of Stuttgart youth council (Lena, Mino), January 2012 — Meetings with social workers in “Haus 49”, December 20122, January 2012 — Meeting with representative of Muslim community of Jam’aa VIKZ, Stuttgart Nord, December 2011 — Short meetings with several artists in Wagenhallen area, December 2011-January 2012 — Visits to private and public sector offices at business district, Heilbronner Straße, January 2012 Telephone interviews: — Police station Stuttgart Nord (Polizeistation Stuttgart Nord), December 2011 — Stuttgart Planning Department, December 2011 — Social administration of Stuttgart (Jugendamt), December 2011 — Local school administration Stuttgart (Schulverwaltung), December 2011

Land-Use, Activities Sources

Policy, Planning, Participation References

— Stadtvermessungsamt Stuttgart. Kurz, Jörg. 2005. Nordgeschichte(n) Vom Wohnen und Leben im Stuttgarter Norden. Stuttgart: StadtteilInitiative Pro Nord. — Klückmann, Mathias 2010: Auswandern.Enwandern. Wohl fühlen? Ethnographische Erkundungen in einem Einwandererviertel. Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen. — Der 15er. Stuttgarts letzte Strassenbahn. 2010 Stuttgart: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Buch AG „Der 15er“ and many on-site interviews.

— 72 Hour Urban Action (2010): 72 Hour Urban Action. Available at: http://www.72hoururbanaction.com/ last access: 15.01.12. — Architektenkammer Baden-Württemberg (2011): Forum - Diskussionen und Meinungen. Available at: http:// www.akbw.de/nc/service/diskussionsforum.html?tx_mmforum_ pi1[action]=list_topic&tx_mmforum_ pi1[fid]=9 last access: 30.01.12. — Bahnprojekt Stuttgart-Ulm e.V. (2011): Turmforum. Available at: http://www.bahnprojekt-stuttgartulm.de/turmforum/default.aspx last access: 15.01.12. — COMMIN (2011): Structure of the Planning system. Available at: http:// commin.org/upload/Final_Conference/Poster_Session/GERMANY_ Spatial_Planning_Poster_COMMIN. pdf last access: 15.01.12. — Dilger, U. (2011): RosensteinViertel- C1: Planning Process Insights. Presentation given at the University of Stuttgart at 5th December, 2011. Available through the author. — Durchdenwald, T. (1997): Schuster: Experiment Bürgerbeteiligung hat sich gelohnt. Stuttgarter Zeitung, 01.07.1997,15. — Fach, G. (1998): Bürger: Nordbahnhofviertel bewahren. Stuttgarter Nachrichten, 09.04.1998. — Klegraf, J., Amann, G. and Schwinge, C.: Stuttgart 21 – Infoladen auf der Prag. Available at: http://www. infoladen-stuttgart21.de/index.html last access: 15.01.12. — Klückmann, M. (2010): Auswandern. Einwandern. Wohl fühlen? Ethnographische Erkundungen in einem Einwandererviertel. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, unpublished. Available through the author. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (1997): Rahmenplan Stuttgart 21. Available at: http://www.stuttgart.de/img/mdb/ item/318970/38837.pdf last access: 15.10.12. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2001): Stuttgarter Innenentwicklungsmodell – Anlage 4. Available at: http:// www.domino1.stuttgart.de/web/ksd/ KSDredsystem.nsf/dc5e48bde54b0 b2941256a6f0036f408/7f2e7053fe 59299ac12577f400370c93/$FILE/ Anlage%204_Umsetzung%20der%20 Ziele.pdf last access: 15.01.12. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2003): Stadtentwicklungskonzept Stuttgart – Entwurf. Available through the author. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2004): Stadtentwicklungskonzept Stuttgart – Dialog. Available through the author. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2006): Stadtentwicklungskonzept Stuttgart – Strategie. Available through the author. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2010): Stuttgart in Karten – Parteihochburgen, 390. Available at: http://service. stuttgart.de/lhs-services/komunis/ documents/8851_1.PDF last access: 15.01.12. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): Bebauungsplan. Available through the author. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): Flächennutzungsplan. Available at: http://www.stuttgart.de/img/mdb/ item/146000/51173.pdf last access: 15.01.12.

Thanks: We would like to thank the Inhabitants of Stuttgart Nord for the patient and and often humourous way they have dealt with us and our curiosity. We are especially indebted to Mrs. Hähnlein, whose oral history accounts have reached as far back as the 1930‘s, Mr. Schilling, Mr. Scazariello, Mr. Amman, the friendly people from the KV Wagenhallen and the many others who have shared their memories, thoughts and experiences with us.

— Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): Rosensteinvierte Realisierung wettbewerb 2005. Available at: http://www.stuttgart.de/img/mdb/ publ/7346/29823.pdf last access: 15.01.12. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): SIM – Stuttgarter Innenentwicklungsmodell – Perspektiven und baulandpolitische Grundsätze für eine sozial ausgewogene und qualitätsorientierte Stadtentwicklung. Available at: http://www.stuttgart.de/img/ mdb/item/428459/64422.pdf last access: 15.01.12. — Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): Stadtbezirk Stuttgart-Nord – Einladung zur Bürgerversammlung, available at: http://www.kopfbahnhof-21. de/fileadmin/downloads/buergerversammlung13_10_08.pdf last access: 14.01.2012. — Lexer, W., Huber, S., and Kurzweil, A. (2010): Existing soil management approaches within urban planning procedures - Transnational Synthesis. Available at: http://www.central2013. eu/fileadmin/user_upload/Downloads/outputlib/UrbanSMS_Soil_ management_approaches_uploaded. pdf last access: 15.01.12. — Schieferecke, M. (2011): Stuttgarts Prenlauer Berg. Stuttgartzer Zeitung. 23.12.2011. — Schmidt, S. and Bühler, R. (2007): The Planning Process in the US and Germany: A Comparative Analysis. International Planning Studies, 12(1), 55-75. — Schüler, R., Schneider, D. and Drohsel, K. (2011): Fallstudie Stuttgart 21. Arch+ Zeitschrift für Architekt und Städtebau, Oktober 2011, 158-168. — Stadtplanungsamt Frankfurt am Main (2011): Bebauungspläne. Accessible at: http://www.stadtplanungsamtfrankfurt.de/bebauungsplaene_5328. html?psid=d last access: 14.01.2012 — Statistisches Amt Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart (2011): Volksabstimmung über die Gesetzesvorlage des S21-Kündigungsgesetzes in Baden-Württemberg am 27. November 2011. Available through the author. — Stocker, G.: Leben in Stuttgart – kein Stuttgart 21. Available at: http://www. leben-in-stuttgart.de/impressum.htm last access> 15.01.12. — Verband Region Stuttgart (2009): Regionalplan. Available at: http:// www.region-stuttgart.org/kacheln2/ RNK_2009_Karte_21.pdf last access: 15.02.12. — Vogt, M. (2010): Rosenstein Stiftung – Inspirationsphase. Available at: http://www.rosenstein-stuttgart.de/ index.php?id=6 last access 15.01.12. — Weeber, R.: Stuttgart 21 – ja, bitte! Wir Bürger und unser Gemeinderat haben beträchtlichen Einfluss auf das, was entsteht. Available at: http://www.stuttgart21-ja-bitte.de/ wir-buerger-und-unser-gemeinderathaben-betraechtlichen-einfluss-aufdas-was-entsteht last access> 15.01.12.

Imprint

Participants

Contact

Editor: Nina Gribat IUSD Design Concept: Studio Matthias Gรถrlich, Darmstadt

Natural Environment, Climate: Lisa Deister Zeina Elcheikh Mohamed Amer Mahmoud Hegazy Lobna Mitkees Omar Wanas

MSc Integrated Urbanism & Sustainable Design (IUSD)

MSc Integrated Urbanism and Sustainable Design (MSc IUSD) Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design University of Stuttgart www.iusd.uni-stuttgart.de The Wagenhallen Atlas was produced as part of the modules Integrated Research and Design and Methods and Tools. Staff involved in teaching these modules: Prof. Dr. Philipp Misselwitz Prof. Antje Stokman Dr. Bernd Eisenberg Dr. Nina Gribat Yasar Adanali Moritz Bellers Print of Prototype: Lasertype, Darmstadt Copyright disclaimer: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form of by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 2012

Statistics: Rasha Arous Insaf Ben Othmane Hamrouni Franziska Laue Sandy Qarmout Built Environment: Ghevar Ismaiel Mona Farouk El-Kabbany Zaineb Madyouni Nahla Nabil Makhlouf Ayham Mouad Land-Use, Activities: Baher El-Shaarawy Julia Hartmann Mohammed Abdel Aziz Ibrahim Eslam Mohamed Mahdy Youssef Policy, Planning, Participation: Manal Fakhouri Pia Lorenz Ebtihal Mohamed Zakaria Rashad Muna Shalan

www.iusd.uni-stuttgart.de

IUSD Office University of Stuttgart Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning Keplerstrasse 11 70174 Stuttgart/Germany info@iusd.uni-stuttgart.de

IUSD Office Ain Shams University Faculty of Engineering 1 El-Sarayat Street 11517 Abbasiya, Cairo/Egypt iusd@eng.asu.edu.eg