quTaisis muzeumis Sromebis krebuli XXIII, 2013w. gv. 207-212 nino sarava kankelis fila - `macxovris amaRlebis~ kompoziciiT
quTaisis istoriuli muzeumis eqspoziciaSi axlaxans gamotanil iqna
19
nawilad
gatexili
kankelis
fila,
romelzec
STambeWdavi
“qristes amaRlebis” reliefuri kompoziciaa warmodgenili /sur.1/. samecniero
literaturaSi
arsebobs
oriod
publikacia,
esenia
v.
silogavas “lapidaruli warwerebi” [1. gv.125], sadac filaze SemorCenili warwerebi
daTariRebulia
XI
saukuniT,
meore,
quTaisis
muzeumis
TanamSromlis, m. qebulaZis mier quTaisis muzeumis SromebSi [2. gv. 96] gamoqveynebuli statia - `bagratis taZris kankelis fila”. quTaisis muzeumis Zvel SemosulobaTa wignSi [1923 w.] 342a nomerze aris Semdegi informacia:
`kankelis
nawilebi,
ricxviT
17,
bagratis
taZris
nangrevebze miSenebuli patara eklesiidan.” statiis avtori, muzeumis zemoT moyvanili Canaweris (m. qebulaZes epigrafikis fondSi daxvda swored 17 fragmenti - n.s.), kankelis filis mxatvrul-stilisturi da paleografiuli kankelis
monacemebis
fragmentebi
safuZvelze
ekuTvnoda
gamoTqvams
bagratis
varauds,
sakaTedro
taZars
rom da
Sesabamisad warmoadgens XI saukunis Zegls. Aaqve zogadad ganxilulia reliefuri kompoziciis siuJeti. quTaisis
xelnawerTa
fondis
arqivSi
Cvens
mier
moZiebul
iqna
bagratis taZridan gadmotanil nivTebTan dakavSirebuli yvela sabuTi. maTSi ar moiZebna cnoba bagratidan kankelis qvis filis an raime msgavsi aRwerilobis mqone reliefuri fragmentis gadmotanis Sesaxeb. xolo taZarze miSenebuli mcire eklesiidan 1924 wlis E-192/664 dokumentis mixedviT, CamoutaniaT ferweruli xatebi da (aRsavlis
karebebi
mxatvrobiT,
gverdiTa
xis
kankelis
karebebi,
nawilebi
mociqulTa
da
dResaswaulTa ferweruli xatebi - n.s.), amave sabuTze miwerilia Zveli SemosulobaTa wignis nomeri #342a.
ferweruli xatebisa da saeklesio
nivTebis fondSi, ikonostasis xatis zurgze /`mociquli iuda~ 4600/60/25/ 1
quTaisis muzeumSi daculi kankelis fila
2
aRmoCnda mkrTalad miwerili inventaris Zveli SemosulobaTa nomeri 342 a (fondSi analogiuri mxatvruli stiliT Sesrulebuli da savaraudod erTi da igive ikonostasis kidev eqvsi xati inaxeba, romelTa mxatvroba emTxveva xelnawerTa fondis sabuTSi CamoTvlili xatebis aRwerilobas n.s.).
amdenad,
zemoT
moyvanili
Zveli
Canaweri,
romelSic
ar
aris
mocemuli arc aRweriloba, arc zomebi da arc masala, vfiqrobT, unda gulisxmobdes romelTa
ara
qvis,
nawilic
aramed
xis
dResdReobiT
kankelis
ferweruli
nawilebsa xatebisa
da
da
xatebs,
saeklesio
nivTebis fondSia daculi. amJamad, kankelis filis or did natexs aweria #7098 1,2, xolo 17 mcire
fragments
#5918.
es
aris
saerTo
katalogis
[1923-1961ww.
#1]
nomrebi, romlebzec Semdegi informacia weria: 7098 - `bareliefi qvaze, romelic momwvano ferisaa, momwvano rbili qva; 5918 fragmentebi
17c.
–
saxviTi
xelovneba~.
saxviTi
- `bareliefis
xelovnebis
fondis
sainventaro wignSi miTiTebulia kankelis fragmentebis Zveli nomeri 3093. swored am nomerze arsebuli informacia migvaCnia sarwmunod, mis aRwerilobaSi arsebuli ramodenime uzustobis miuxedavad [S.w. III, 1928w., 1934 wlis 28/04, gv.65]: `macxovris qvis xati (qandakeba) damtvreuli, Sedgeba 19 nawilisagan (ori didi natexia), xatze gamosaxulia macxovari, marcxena xelSi uWiravs gragnili asomTavruli warweriT (warwera axali droisaa, dazianebuli) gars mas artyia angelozebi, erT gverdze aris iseTive warwera `Ze RmrTisa~. xats qveda nawili aklia, 70X92 sm. inaxeba sawyobSi – S. amiranaSvilis Camotanili Sorapnis maxloblad mdebare eklesiidan~.
Canaweris
adgilsamyofeli
aSkaras
SeniSvnaSi xdis,
rom
miTiTebuli bareliefi
kankelis
namdvilad
filis
inaxeboda
quTaisis muzeumSi da vinaidan msgavsi aRwerilobis sxva fragmentebi muzeumis sacavebSi ar moiZebneba, vfiqrobT, aq arsebuli daxasiaTeba Seesabameba vinaidan
eqspoziciaSi
quTaisis
gamofenil
muzeumSi
daculi
kankelis kankelis
filis
fragmentebs.
fragmenti
napovnia
Sorapnis midamoebSi, Cven mas pirobiTad vuwodebT `Sorapnis kankels~. dRes saxezea cxrameti fragmenti.1 natexebze ar Cans warwera `Ze RmrTisa~. zemoT moyvanili aRwerilobis mixedviT, SeiZleba dagvrCes STabeWdileba,
rom
gragnilze
arsebuli
asomTavruli
warweris
fragmenti ar aris reliefis Tanadrouli da amokveTilia mogvianebiT. 3
macxovris Saravandis zemoT, marjvena kuTxeSi, gluv areze SeiniSneba ori patara nusxuri aso – a m , es gviandeli amonakawria, albaT surdaT daeweraT `amaRleba~. inventaris aRwerilobaSi ar aris dakonkretebuli eklesiis romel arqiteqturul nawils warmoadgens bareliefi. aSkaraa, rom is qvis kankelis filaa – marjvena da marcxena kideebze gaaCnia specialuri, qvaSive amoWrili Sverilebi kankelSi Casamagreblad. garda amisa, filis mTeli zurgi damuSavebulia da mas gluvi zedapiri gaaCnia safasado reliefuri
filebisagan
gansxvavebiT,
romelTa
zurgis
mxare
gaTvaliswinebulia saperange wyobaSi CasarTavad. kankelis fila warmoadgens momwvano feris Tixanarev kirqvis jiSs – mergels.2 mergeli Tixa-karbonatuli Sedgenilobis danaleqi qania, gamoirCeva Tavisi feriTa da sirbiliT da uxvad moipoveba zemo da qvemo imereTis, raWis teritoriaze [3. gv.95]. kankelis fila sakmaod didi zomisaa – 90x70x9.7, savaraudo simaRle - 116 sm.,3 macxovris figuris sibrtyidan amoweva – 2sm., angelozebisa -1sm. kankelis fila dazianebulia, Tumca kompozicia mkafiod ikiTxeba – es aris `macxovris amaRlebis~ Svidfiguriani scena, romelic agebulia vertikalur RerZze da gayofilia or nawilad: ZiriTadi are eTmoba centrSi gamosaxul, mandorliT garSemoweril qristes figuras, romlis marjvniv da marcxniv simetriulad, erTmaneTis
zemoT, or-ori fexze
mdgomi frTagaSlili angelozia warmodgenili, romelnic mandorlas arian CaWidebulni. kompozicias zeda nawilSi asrulebs samRiobiani, oTx mokle,
bazisebian
svetze
dayrdnobili
TaRedi,
romlis
centralur
RiobSi Cawerilia mandorlaze aRmarTuli golgoTis jvari, xolo mcire zomis RiobebSi mociqulTa (ikonografiuli Taviseburebebis mixedviT mociqulTa Tavni wm. petre da pavle – n. s.) frontaluri, Saravandiani saxeebia moTavsebuli. mTeli fila ki zeda nawilSi dasrulebulia lilvisebri moCarCoebiT, romelzec mcire manZilis gamotovebiT sami CakveTili
xazia
aRniSnuli.
es
filaze
arsebuli
erTaderTi
dekoratiuli CarCoa. kankelis fila gansakuTrebiT dazianebulia qveda nawilSi, ise, rom srulad aRar ikiTxeba macxovris samosi, is alag-alag fragmentuladaa
SemorCenili
mcire
qristes
gadarCenilia
macxovris
fexebi.
natexebze.
aseve
marcxniv
aRar
mdgomi
ikiTxeba
angelozis 4
sruli figura, mis qvemoT gamosaxuli angelozis welszeviT nawili, marjvniv mdgomi angelozi – TiTqmis srulad, fexebis gareSe, meoTxe angelozis mxolod – qamari, qveda kabis naxati da frTebis fragmentia darCenili.
fragmentuladaa
asomTavruli asoebiT
SemorCenili
gaSlili
gragnilic
i meli eiv
da
macxovris
mandorla,
romlis
marcxena
qveda
nawili
sruliad
dakargulia. kankelis zomebidan,
filis
marTkuTxa
romlisTvisac
forma
Seiqmna
gamomdinareobs
reliefuri
im
eklesiis
kompozicia.
Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT X-XI ss.-is darbazul eklesiaTa kankelebis filebis zomebs (mag. xovle 1.13X1.81 [4. gv. 144]) is savsebiT Seesabameba Tundac mcire zomis, sofelSi aRmarTul darbazul an bazilikur taZars. ostati
cdilobs
mTlianad
Seavsos
filis
gluvi
zedapiri:
centrSi aTavsebs macxovris monumentur figuras, romelsac gars uvlis dekoratiuli mandorla. mandorla zeda nawilSi dakbilulia, qvemoT orsav mxares simetriuli, swori, punsonirebuli xazis saxiT grZeldeba, macxovris mxrebTan wreebisa da maT qvemoT rombebis saxes Rebulobs, romlebzec angelozebi arian CaWidebulni. gragnilis gaswvriv mandorla urTierTsawinaaRmdegod
Setrialebuli
punsonirebuli
rkalebis
msgavsad aris gadmocemuli da Seesabameba qristes taxtis an muTaqis mdebareobas. vfiqrobT, am saintereso mxatvruli xerxiT, ostats surs gadmosces taxti, romelzec dabrZanebulia macxovari, amdenad, mandorla amave dros taxtis funqciasac asrulebs. `didebis~ qveda nawili ki, romelsac
orRariani
zedapiri
gaaCnia
(nacvlad
punsonebisa),
gaazrebulia macxovris figuris an mTeli kompoziciis damasrulebel CarCod.
angelozTa
Txeli,
mogrZo
figurebi
gamosaxulia
gaSlili
frTebis fonze, romlebic uSualod ekvris mandorlas da bolomde avsebs
mandorlis
SedarebiT
marjvniv
xalvaTia
da
kompoziciis
marcxniv zeda
darCenil
nawili,
viwro
sadac
areebs.
dakbiluli
TaRedis mcire RiobebSi `gaWedilia~ mociqulTa wverosani saxeebi, xolo svetebis bazisebi maTi wveris boloebis gaswvriv aris gamosaxuli da
5
amgvarad aCarCoebs kidevac maT Tavebs. Sua Riobis dakbilul TaRze `yunwebiT~ mimagrebulia xuTwaxnaga wreebi, SuaSi CaWrili wertiliT. saqarTveloSi,
qvis
kankelTa
svetebisa
da
qveda
filebis
CuqurTmebiTa da siuJeturi kompoziciebiT Semkobis tradicia ukve adre qristianul xanaSive Camoyalibda. qarTul kankelTa uadresi reliefuri kompoziciis mqone nimuSebia – webeldis, gveldesis, zedaznis kankelTa nawilebi (VII-VIIIss.). Xs.-is nimuSebidan SemogvrCa foToleTis, atenis, sxieris /sur. 4/, boyvas /sur. 2/ [5. gv. 233] eklesiaTa kankelis filebi, gansakuTrebulad didi raodenobiT ki XI – XIIIss.-is ornamentirebuli kankelebia
moRweuli,
amiranaSvilis safara,
sax.
SiomRvime,
romelTa
erovnuli kacxi,
umetesoba
muzeumis
qvis
sveticxoveli,
daculia fondSi:
iyalTo,
Tbilisis xovle,
urTxvi,
S.
jruWi,
werovani,
alaverdSi bolo dros aRmoCenili mwvane tufis kankelis fragmentebi (XIs.), X-XIss.-Ta mijnis kankelis fragmentebi artaanidan [6. sur. 2], XII – XIIIss. –is kankelebi da maTi filebi - saTxe, gudarexi, Wvavebi, saorbisi, fitareTi, meria, tyemlovani. Sorapnis kankelis fila Tavisi unikaluri kompoziciiT amdidrebs am cnobil kankelTa ricxvs. misi DdaTariReba SesaZlebelia mxolod Sesrulebis analizis
mxatvruli
stilisa
safuZvelze.
funqciidan
da
ikonografiuli
arqiteqturis
gamomdinare,
mcire
reliefuri
Taviseburebebis
plastikis
kompozicia
nawarmoebTa
mayureblisaTvis
axlodan aRsaqmelad aris gaTvaliswinebuli. is erTis mxriv, faravs mlocvelis TvalTagan sakurTxevelSi aRsrulebul saidumloebebs da meores
mxriv,
`amaRlebis~
xatis
da
zogadad
xatis
simbolur-
Teologiuri mniSvnelobidan gamomdinare is sasufevelisaken gaxsnil sarkmlad
warmogvidgeba,
romlis
meSveobiTac
mlocveli
gamudmebiT
Wvrets samoTxis xatebas. Sorapnis eqspresiuli
kankelis
moqandakem
kompozicia, romelzec
Seqmna
mkacrad
simetriuli,
Tavisi centraluri mdebareobiT,
maRali reliefuri kveTiT, frontalurobiT xazi gausva kompoziciurad da ideurad mTavar personaJs – macxovars. `meorexarisxovani~ figurebi – angelozebi da TaRedSi Cawerili mociqulTa saxeebi SedarebiT patara zomebiT
gamoirCevian,
Tumca
es
eqvsi
figura
ukana
planze
ki
ar
Tavsdeba, aramed lagdeba fonis paralelurad, ise, rom (miuxedavad 6
mociqulTa sxeulebis ar arsebobisa – n.s.) azrobrivad da mxatvrulad Tanabari mniSvneloba gaaCniaT. mravali skulpturis
stilisturi ganviTarebis
e.
niSniT w.
Sorapnis
gardamavali
reliefi
xanis
qarTuli
IX_Xss.-is,
ufro
zustad ki Xs.-is ZeglTa Soris ikavebs adgils. mas jer kidev ar gauwyvetia kavSiri arqauli skulpturis rig nimuSebTan, amave dros, moqandakes
skulpturaSi
Seaqvs
siaxle
modelirebis, moculobiTad damuSavebis
figuraTa
plastiurad
mcdelobiT, riTac Sorapnis
kankelis filis reliefebi `win uZRvis~ X-XI ss.-Ta mijnis qarTuli klasikuri periodis qvaze plastikis iseT nimuSebs, rogoricaa oSkis reliefebi (963 - 973ww.), safaris, SiomRvimis /sur. 3/, zedaznis kankelebi. Sorapnis
reliefuri
filis
ostati
jer
kidev
ver
flobs
figurebis sam meoTxed poziciaSi gamosaxvis xelovnebas. angelozTa saxeebi,
sxeuli,
frTebi
frontaluradaa
warmodgenili
da
mxolod
mandorlaze CaWidebuli xelebiTa da profilSi dayenebuli terfebiT aris gadmocemuli figuris pirobiTi moZraoba centrisaken. am mxriv is siaxloves poulobs vales eklesiis Crd. fasadis sarkmlis timpanze, RvTismSoblis marcxniv gamosaxul angelozis figurasTan (Xs.), aseve joisubnisa (scenidan `gankiTxvis dRe~, Xs.-is I mesamedi) da kvaisa-jvris (scenidan `egvipted ltolva~, Xs.) angelozTa figurebTan. macxovris pozac mSvidi da statiuria. misi sxeulis fonidan Zlieri amoweviT, gadidebuli zomiT ostati cdilobs Seqmnas monumenturobis gancda, magram misi figura mainc erTiani, moculobiTi blokia, romelic zemodan damuSavebulia
samosis
grafikuli
naxatiT.
reliefze
figuraTa
mimarTuleba fonisadmi rbili gadasvliT xasiaTdeba, amgvarad sxeulTa kideebi Zlier momrgvalebulia, magram zedapiri brtyelia da zemodan xazobriv-grafikulad
damuSavebuli.
samosi
moculobiT formebs: macxovris samosze
ver
gadmoscems
sxeulis
nakecebis naxati, romelic
naxevarwriuli xazebis saxiT gadmoicema, mxolod pirobiTad aRniSnavs moxril
marcxena
xels.
saxelodan
arabunebrivad
gamoweuli
xelis
mtevani ki zemodan aris dadebuli gragnilze da ar tovebs gragnilis xelSi Weris STabeWdilebas. angelozTa figurebze SeiniSneba mcdeloba xelis simrgvalis Cvenebisa, magram misi naxati sxeulTan SedarebiT
7
tlanqi, araproporciulad farTo moxazulobisaa da sxeulze `zemodan dadebuli~. miuxedavad imisa, rom IX_Xss.-is ZeglTagan gansxvavebiT (opizis reliefi
-
IXs.,
nadarbazevis
safasado reliefebi,
vale,
joisubani,
sxvavas, boyvas kankelebi, fetobnis qtitoris reliefi – Xs.) Sorapnis kankelis
figurebi
dagrZelebuli
da
daxvewilia,
isini
anatomiuri
sisworiT ar arian gadmocemulni: Tavi erTian, daunawevrebel, mogrZo ovals warmoadgens, romelic mxrebze kisris gareSea gadabmuli da Camjdaria
mkerdis
moxazulobaSi.
odnav
zemoT
atanili
yurebi,
frontalurad gamoisaxeba, Txeli, grZeli TiTebi saxsris aRniSvnis gareSea gadmocemuli _ macxovris makurTxeveli marjvenis ara TiTi ki sworxazovnad aris mokecili da dadebuli odnav morkalul cera TiTze, riTac
gavs
kurTxevis vimsjeloT
zarzmis Jests. misi
Wedur
Tavad Zlieri
feriscvalebis
macxovris
xatze
figura,
dazianebis
fonze,
(IXs.)
macxovris
ramdenadac
SegviZlia
gamoirCeva
cotaTi
gadidebuli Tavis formiT, sxeulis zeda nawilTan SedarebiT mokle qveda nawiliT (filis savaraudo zomebis mixedviT). samwuxarod verafers vityviT misi mjdomare pozis Sesaxeb.
a
b
g
d
8
e
v nax.1 a – opiza; b – vale; g – joisubani; d –Sorapani; e, v – oSki
angelozTa sxeulebi Txeli, mogrZo, erTiani blokia, patara zomis terfebi ar iwveven myarad dgomis STabeWdilebas. farTod gaSlili frTebi danawevrebulia bumbulebis moxazulobebiT, TiToeuli maTgani ki
wiwviseburad,
urTierTsawinaaRmdegod
xazebiT
muSavdeba.
fonidan
da
frTis
masze
mokle
zeda
mimarTuli
momrgvalebuli
frTebi
iribad
wvrili,
nawili
CakveTili
mokle
amoweulia xaziT
aris
aRniSnuli. ostats surs simrgvalis Cveneba, magram ver iZleva reliefis siRrmeSi ganviTarebis STabeWdilebas. vales, nadarbazevis, joisubnis, sxieris
kankelis
figuraTagan
gansxvavebiT,
aq
angelozTa
sxeuli
dagrZelebuli da SedarebiT daxvewilia, ufro detaluradaa frTebi damuSavebuli,
SedarebiT
natifia
saxis
naxati,
dekoratiuladaa
gadawyvetili samosebis zedapiri. aq vxedavT win gadadgmul nabijs skulpturul fasadis
formaTa
arwivebisa
Ziebis da
mxriv,
Tumca
iSxanis,
mTavarangelozTa
oSkis
samxreT
figurebis
msgavsi
monumenturoba, sxeulis nawilTa proporciuli ageba, moculobisa da siRrmis Cveneba aq jer kidev bolomde ver vlindeba /nax. 1/. Sorapnis kankelis figuraTa saxeebis modelireba did msgavsebas poulobs Xs.-is qarTuli reliefuri skulpturebis saxis gadmocemis manerasTan: mogrZo ovalis gluvi zedapiri piris
aRmniSvneli
mokle
klaknili
an
grafikulad muSavdeba texili
CaWrili
xaziT.
grafikulia Tmis naxati – wvrili, klaknili xazi gadmoscems mokled SeWril Tma – wvers. aRsaniSnavia, rom Tma – wveri moCarCoebis msgavsad garSemowers saxis ovals. Tmis damuSavebis xasiaTi TiTqmis analogiuria iSxnis Wedur sawinamZRvro jvarze (973w.) gamosaxuli macxovris Tmis naxatisa.
gansakuTrebul
gamometyvelebas
farTod
gamomsaxvelobas gaxelili,
aniWebs
boloebwamaxvilebuli
figuraTa mrgvali 9
Tvalebi, romlis SigniTac brtyelzedapiriani, wriuli formis rqovanaa aRniSnuli,
SuaSi
wertilis
saxiT
CaWrili
kakliT.
Tvalis
Wrils
zemodan gadauyveba quTuTos mogrZo rkaliseburi xazi. warbis forma qvis sisqeSivea amoyvanili Tvalis zemoT fonis Sebrtyelebis meSveobiT. moculobiTad aris gadmocemuli Txeli, swori boloSi soliseburad dasrulebuli cxviri /nax. 2/.
nax. 2 Sorapnis kankeli, mociquli
am mxriv, Sorapnis kankelis gamosaxulebani analogs poulobs Xs.-is skulpturul kankeli,
figurebTan:
boyvas
fetobani,
kankelis
nadarbazevi,
fragmentebi,
yvelaze
joisubani, axlo
sxieris
paraleles
ki
kvaisa-jvari warmoadgens [7. gv.86-87] /nax. 3/. erTi da igive xerxiT damuSavebis
miuxedavad
kankelis
figurebi
gamoirCevian.
sainteresoa
angelozTa
gamosaxva
individualurobiT mokle
TmiT,
rac
damaxasiaTebeli iyo adreqristianuli periodis qarTuli Tu bizantiuri ZeglebisaTvis, mag. brdaZoris stela (VIs.-is II nax.), martvilis taZris reliefuri frizi (VIIs.), sabereebis #5-6 eklesiaTa moxatulobebi (IXs.), sxieris
kankeli
(Xs.-is
I
mesamedi),
kvaisa-jvari
(Xs.),
oSkis
samx.
galereis svetisTavis serafimebi, magram igive oSkis taZris fasadebze angelozebi
ukve
tradiciuli
ikonografiiT
–
grZeli
TmiT,
TmaSi
Camagrebuli TorakebiT, kvarTiTa da himationiT mosilebi gamoisaxebian. bizantiuri
da
qarTuli
xelovnebis
Zeglebze
X
s.-dan
angelozebi 10
saimperatoro samosiTac imosebian. mag, xaxulis karedis Xs.-is tixruli minanqris xatze ukve loratul angelozebs vxedavT [8. gv. 32, tab.17]. Sorapnis kankelze srulad qristes marcxniv mdgomi angelozis samosia SemorCenili. samoselis damuSavebisas ostati gviCvenebs, rom igi ori nawilisagan Sedgeba: mdidrulad daCiTuli da punsonirebuli qamriT Sekruli e.w. bizantiuri bisoni anu fesvedi samosi, romlis qvemodan mosCans
gluvi
zedapiris
mqone
interula
igive
kvarTi.
amgvarad
imosebodnen mefe-didebulebi X_XVIss.-Si bizantiasa da saqarTveloSi [9. nax. 2.1, 2.2]. oTxive angelozis samosi msgavsi Targisaa, sxvadasxvagvari daCiTviT, rac aZlierebs kompoziciis dekoratiul xasiaTs.
nax. 3
kvaisa – jvari, `egvipted ltolva~, Xs
macxovris samosi tradiciuli kvarTisa da himationisagan Sedgeba. misi
nakecebi
damuSavebulia
grafikulad
–
swori,
paraleluri
an
naxevradwriuli, texili xazebiT, romelTac mTel sigrZeze punsonebi miuyveba. samosis amgvar damuSavebas IXs., X_XIss.-Ta mijnis Zeglebze vxedavT, met msgavsebas ki iCens Robis Wedur xatze3 (Xs.) RvTismSoblis samosis naxatTan, saRolaSenis firfitebze (Xs.) gamosaxul macxovrisa da mociqulTa kabis naxatTan [10. таб. 14-15]. iSviaTia
macxovris
xelSi
gaSlili
gragnili
warwerebiT.
`amaRlebis~ scenis uadres nimuSebze, mag. santa sabinas (romi, VIs.) eklesiis
xis
karis
firfita,
rabulas
saxarebis
miniatura
(VIs.),
vxvdebiT fexze mdgom qristes figuras gaSlili gragniliT xelSi, Tumca pirvel SemTxvevaSi gragnilze qristes inicialebi weria, meore nimuSze
ki
xelovnebaSic
carieli
gragnilia
gamosaxuli.
Suasaukuneebis
qarTul
iSviaTad gvxvdeba gaSlili gragnili, mxolod oSkis 11
samx. galereis svetze warmodgenil `vedrebis~ kompoziciaSi /nax. 4/ gaSlili gragnilebi, romlebic qristesa da RvTismSobels (rac aseve unikaluri SemTxvevaa _ n. s.) uWiravT, warwerebis gareSea mocemuli. rogorc wesi, macxovari gamoisaxeba daxuruli gragniliT, daxuruli an gaSlili
saxarebiT,
romelzec
umetes
SemTxvevaSi
(gansakuTrebiT
adreqristianuli xanis Zeglebze –n. s.) aweria `me var naTeli soflisai~ - mokle an vrceli teqstiT. amJamad SeuZlebelia kankelis filaze gragnilis teqstis aRdgena.
nax. 4
oSki - `vedreba~
sainteresoa mandorlis uCveulo figuruli forma. mas uSualo analogiebi
ar
moeZebneba,
is
ufro
ornamentirebul
TaReds
an
moCarCoebas emsgavseba, rogoriTac imkoboda saxarebaTa miniaturebi, mag. wyarosTavis saxarebis miniaturebi (Xs.-is II nax.) [11. таб. 59, 60, 61, 62] /nax. 5/,
Weduri xatebi, mag. saRolaSenis firfitebi (X_XIss.-Ta mijna).
12
nax. 5
wyarosTavis saxarebis miniaturebi, maxareblebi
qristes mandorlis zeda nawili mxatvrulad esadageba kompoziciis zeda nawilSi gamosaxul samTaReds, romlis Sua RiobSic Cawerilia `didebiT~ garSemovlebuli qristes figura da mandorlaze aRmarTuli jvari.
msgavsi
tipis
kompozicia
gvxvdeba
eCmiaZinis
saxarebis
miniaturaze (989w.), sadac TaRis qveS moqceulia qristesa da wm. petresa da pavles figurebi [12. gv. 69, tab. 78], xolo macxovris figuris zemoT lunetis
centrSi
gamosaxulia
golgoTis
jvari.
saerTod
jvris
gamosaxva raime kompoziciis, gansakuTrebiT ki macxovris gamosaxulebis damagvirgvineblad bizantiuri
spilos
damaxasiaTebeli Zvlis
iyo
nakeTobaTa
adreuli da
da
sarkofagTa
IX_Xss.-is reliefebis
ikonografiisaTvis [12. tab. 20, 77, 80]. saqarTveloSi tradiciulia jvris gamosaxva gumbaTSi (mcxeTis jvari- VIs., Telovanis jvarpatiosani- VIIIs., sabereebis #5 eklesia- IXs., iSxani – Xs.) sagulisxmoa, rom kompoziciebi TaRSi Cawerili figurebiT didad gavrcelebuli iyo, rogorc dasavleT da aRmosavleT adreqristianuli xanis xelovnebis nimuSebze, aseve amave periodis qarTul Zeglebze. Sorapnis kankelis `amaRlebis~ kompoziciis pirobiT – simbolur xasiaTs xazs usvams TaRedSi gamosaxuli ori saxe. rogorc Cans, ostatma es xerxi lakonuri kompoziciis Sesaqmnelad gamoiyena. aseTi simbolurobiT kankelis kompozicia uaxlovdeba armazis kankelis (864w.) moxatulobas, sadac qveda yru filebze wiTel moCarCoebaSi Casmuli oTxi golgoTis jvaria gamosaxuli, arqitravze ki sami Wabukis frontaluri saxeebia ganmartebiTi warwerebis gareSe mocemuli. saRolaSenis Wedur lorfinze 13
(X_XIss.-Ta
mijna)
`amaRlebis~
scenaSi
ukana
planze
gamosaxul
mociqulTa mxolod Tavebia warmodgenili /nax. 6/. ganxiluli gamomdinare,
S.
magaliTebidan amiranaSvilis
da mier
stilisturi Sorapnis
paralelebidan
maxloblad
mdebare
eklesiaSi napovni kankelis fila, Tavisi unikaluri kompoziciiTa da Sesrulebis
mxatvruli
stiliT
uaxlovdeba
Xs.
–is
qarTuli
skulpturis nimuSebs. is warmoadgens gardamavali periodis saetapo
nax. 6 saRolaSenis lorfini, `amaRleba~
Zegls IX_X ss.-Ta da X_XIss.-Ta mijnis nimuSebs Soris, rogorebicaa opizis reliefi (IXs), sxieris kankeli, joisubani, kvaisa-jvari, xaxuli, oSki, bagrati [13. gv. 22, il. 5-6]. is XIs.-is qarTul kankelTa winamorbedi Zeglia,
Tavisi
sada,
grafikuli
sibrtyobriv-xazobrivi,
statiuri,
xasiaTis
ornamentikiT,
araplastiurad
figuraTa
gamosaxvis
maneriT,
arqauli tipis saxeebiT. misgan gansxvavebiT XIs.-is eklesiaTa kankelebi gamoirCeva
Rrma
kveTis
mqone,
mravalsaxeobiT.
mTlianad
svetTa
filebi,
mzidavi
plastiuri
CuqurTmiT romelTa
CuqurTmebiT,
ifareba
centrSi
ornamentebis
svetebi,
arqitravebi,
gamosaxulia
figuruli
reliefebiT Semkuli scenebi, romlebic Tavis mxriv Casmulia amoburcul zedapirian, moCuqurTmebul CarCoSi. am CarCos ki oTxive mxriv farglavs damatebiTi
farTo
moculobiTad,
xdeba
ornamentuli sxeulis
aSia
nawilTa
[4.].
figurebi
detalizacia,
gaazrebulia samosi
avlens
sxeulis nawilTa simrgvales, figura aRar aris iseTi `SeboWili~ da statiuri, rogorc wina saukuneebis ZeglebSi. XIs.-is kankelTa mxatvruli 14
damuSavebisagan
gansxvavebiT,
Sorapnis
filaze
ver
vxedavT
rTuli
profilis mqone, farTo ornamentuli aSiiT garSemosazRvrul scenas, rac erT-erTi saxasiaTo xerxia XIs.-is
kankelTa mxatvruli saxis
SeqmnaSi. Sorapnis kankelze dekoratiulad muSavdeba mxolod calkeuli detalebi, mniSvnelovani ki ostatisaTvis aris - Seqmnas eqspresiuli kompozicia, raTa gviCvenos mocemuli scenis Rrma sulieri arsi. amgvarad,
Sorapnis
kankelis
fila
`qristes
amaRlebis~
kompoziciiT SeiZleba davaTariRoT Xs. –is Sua xanebiT. rac Seexeba ostats, is udaod didi gamocdilebis mqone, progresulad moazrovne, profesionali moqandakea, romelic kargad icnobs qarTuli qandakebis Zvel nimuSebs da cdilobs SeiTvisos Tanamedrove skulpturis miRwevebi. is
unda
iyos
raWa
-
zemo
imereTis
qvis
mTlelTa
skolis
warmomadgeneli, vinaidan aSkaraa msgavseba am regionTa ZeglebTan.
SeniSvnebi: 1.
statiis
momzadebis
mogvianebiT
procesSi
adgilze
iyo
16
fragmenti,
ki saxviTi xelovnebis fondSi, inventarizaciis dros
aRmoCnda kidev sami fragmenti. 2.
2010
wels
filis
waviReT
mcire
fragmenti
qvis
jiSis
dasadgenad
quTaisis akaki wereTlis sax. universitetis
geografiis departamentSi da SevamowmebineT doqtorant fiqria jinjixaZes. 3.
2013
wlis
jixvaSvilisa reliefis
TebervalSi da
fermwer
vladimer
kompoziciis
–
keWaxmaZis
aRdgena,
misi
restavratorebis daxmarebiT savaraudo
Tamar
movaxdineT simaRlis
gansazRvriT. 15
4. Robis
RvTismSoblis
amiranaSvilis
xati
saxelobis
warmodgenilia
erovnuli
muzeumis
Tbilisis oqros
S.
fondis
eqspoziciaSi.
fotomasala: 1. Tamar jixvaSvili 2. www.saunje.ge 3. www.dzeglebi.ge 4. sites.google.com/a/iliauni.edu.ge 5. www.manuscript.ge
literatura: 1.
silogava
v.
qarTuli
warwerebis
korpusi,
Tb.
1980w.
2.
qebulaZe m. `bagratis taZris kankelis fila~: quTaisis muzeumis
Sromebi, kr. XVII, quT. 2007w. 3. sxirtlaZe n. petrografia mineralogiis safuZvlebiT. Tb. 1984w. 4. Шмерлинг Р. Алтарные преграды в Грузии:
qarTuli xelovneba t.3.
1950w. 5. boWoriZe g.
raWa- leCxumis istoriuli Zeglebi da siZveleebi,
Tb.1994w. 6.
gagoSiZe
g.
`reliefis
fragmentebi
qalaq
artaanidan.~
saq.
erovnuli muzeumis moambe. sazogadoebriv mecnierebaTa seria #3 ( 47-B), 2012w. 7. Аладашвили
Н.
Монументальная
скульптура
раннессредневековой
Грузии.Тб.1976г. 8. xuskivaZe l. Suasaukuneebis tixruli minanqari, Tb.1984w 16
9. ugrexeliZe
ir.
kostumi
Suasaukuneebis
saqarTveloSi,
quTaisi
2011w. 10. Чубинашвили Г. Чеканное Искусство. Т. 1,2, Тб. 1959г. 11. Шевякова Т. Монументальная живопись раннего средневековья Грузии. Тб. 1983г. 12. sxirtlaZe z. adreuli Suasaukuneebis qarTuli kedlis mxatvroba Tb. 2008w. 13. sarava n. ` bagratis taZris dekoris Sesaxeb~ quTaisis muzeumis Sromebi, kr. XIX, quT. 2009w. 14. quTaisis muzeumis SemosulobaTa wignebi 1923w. #1, 1928w. #3, 192361w #1 15. nikolaZe e. quTaisis muzeumis xelnawerTa aRweriloba Tb. 1964w. E192/279
Works of Kutaisis State Historical Museum, edition XXIII, 2013y. pg.207-212
Nino Sarava The Chancel Screen with the “Ascension” Scene Resume The fragmented Chancel Screen with the “Ascension” scene was exposed in Kutaisi State Museum recently. Its broken into 19 pieces of various sizes. According to the museum`s old inventory book inscription the fragmented chancel slab was brought to musem in 1934 year, by Acad. Sh. Amiranashvili from an unknown church situated nearby Shorapani. Unfortunately, the date of the execution and the details of getting the slab to museum aren’t kept in the documents. The relief slab represents the Ascension of the Savior by the four frontal angels. At the upper part of the screen the composition is inscribed in the three-parted arcade.
17
The composition of the relief, the technical and stylistic features reveal its relation with the so called “transitional” period of Georgian sculpture. Also it illustrates the stylistic similarities with IX-Xcc. murals, icons and hammering art’s monuments of Georgia: Ksnis Armazi painted chancel barrier IXc., Zarzma icon of IXc., Sagholasheni embossed panels of IX-Xcc., murals of Sabereebi at David-Gareji monastery. The relief shows the unique iconographic scheme of the Ascension: Christ framed in Mandorla flanked by the frontal figures of soaring angels, standing in their full height. They are dressed not in kiton and himation, as traditionaly but in a long ornamented dresses. The Mandorla is topped by a cross and two apostles (supposedly St. Peter and St. Paul) placed in an arcade in the upper part of a slab end the whole composition. Such elaboration of the iconographic scheme leads us to suppose that the theological program of the relief is closely related with the ivory diptychs and conches painted compositions of early Christian period of Georgia, Cappadocia, Italy. According to the
stylistic similarities, the analogue structure and compositional
layout of the Shorapani relief decoration and the elaborating of the theological program, we can consider this monument made by a local, skillful master, who supposedly was a member of the sculpture masters` workshop of Racha – Upper Imereti regions. The chancel screen`s sizes is quite refer to a one or three - naved basilican type church, the great number of which were built in the villages of Georgia. The relief figures Georgian
figure
reliefs
of Shorapani slab show their stylistic relation with the of
Skhieri,
Bokva
chancels,
Joisubani,
Xc.
Kvaisa – Jvari,
Nadarbazevi façade reliefs (Racha region), Vale, Kumurdo, Oshki reliefs. Because of the arqaic
manner of sculpting and the using of some new methods of figures` rendering
at the same time, the relief slab takes the place between the Georgian monuments of I half of Xc. and
the beginning of the XIc., the classic period of Georgian sculpture (e.g.
Zedazeni, Shiomghvime, Safara, khovle and other decorative chancel barriers). Thus
the
Shorapani chancel screen has to be created in the II half of Xc.
18
saerTaSoriso J. xanZTa, quTaisi-Tbilisi 2014w., kr., gv.
nino sarava
axali monacemebi quTaisis muzeumSi daculi kankelis filis Sesaxeb quTaisis
saxelmwifo
istoriuli
muzeumis
epigrafikis
fondSi
XXs.-is 30-iani wlebidan inaxeba gaurkveveli warmomavlobis kankelis dazianebuli fila macxovris `amaRlebis~ siuJeturi gamosaxulebiT. 2013 wlis
quTaisis
gamovaqveyneT
muzeumis statia
Sromebis
XXIII
`kankelis
fila
krebulSi
[1.
macxovris
gv.
202]
Cven
`amaRlebis~
kompoziciiT~, romelSic SevecadeT dagvedgina aRniSnuli fragmentuli kankelis warmomavloba, muzeumSi Semosuloba, amave dros movaxdineT kankelis
filaze
arsebuli
kompoziciis
aRwera
da
mxatvrul
_
stilisturi analizi, ris safuZvelzec reliefuri fila davaTariReT X s.-is II naxevriT. aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTuli Suasaukuneebis reliefuri skulpturis
ZeglTa
Soris
mxatvrul-stilisturi
damuSavebisa
da
ikonografiuli redaqciis unikalurobiT, kankelis filis gamosaxuleba erT-erT gamorCeul gardamavali
adgils ikavebs. is qarTuli saxviTi xelovnebis
periodis
saetapo
Zeglia,
profesionalur
doneze
Sesrulebuli adgilobrivi gamocdili ostatis xeliT. misi `xalxuri~ warmomavloba da gansakuTrebuli mxatvrul-stilisturi siaxlove raWazemo
imereTis
ZeglebTan
ueWvels
xdis
aRniSnul
regionebSi
qvis
mTlelTa mniSvnelovani skolis arsebobas, Tumca es sakiTxi kvlevis Semdgomi etapia, winamdebare statia ki naTels hfens kankelis filis zust lokalizacias da miznad isaxavs misi quTaisis muzeumSi moxvedris miaxloebiTi istoriis aRdgenas. muzeumSi
arsebuli
erTaderTi
uZvelesi
Canaweris
mixedviT,
kerZod, 1934w.-is sainventaro wignis aRwerilobiT, `qvis xati~ qristes amaRlebis kompoziciiT muzeumSi Semoitana akad. Salva amiranaSvilma, Sorapnis maxloblad (Sorapnis mazris) mdebare romelime eklesiidan [2. gv. 64]. 19
arqivebsa da sxvadasxva literaturul wyaroebSi didi xnis Ziebis Semdeg,
Cven
mivakvlieT
sando
wyaros,
romlis
mixedviTac
quTaisis
muzeumSi daculi kankelis fila Camotanilia sof. gognis
quTaisis ist. muzeumSi daculi sof. gognis `karugdebeli~ eklesiis kankelis fila
`karugdebelis~ eklesiidan. rogorc cnobilia, saqarTveloSi siZveleTa dacvisa da moZiebis komitetis inspeqtori giorgi boWoriZe XXs.-is 20-30ian
wlebSi
mogzaurobda
imereTis
soflebSi,
aRwerda
soflebSi 20
arsebul
materialuri
eklesiebsa
da
maTSi
kulturis darCenil
Zeglebs,
saeklesio
maT
Soris,
nivTebs.
daketil
erT-erTi
aseTi
mogzaurobis dros, g. boWoriZe imyofeboda sof. gognis `karugdebelis~ saxeliT cnobil eklesiaSi, sadac aRwera saydarSi dabrZanebuli `qvis xati~:
`gognis
`karugdebeli~
wm.
giorgis
eklesia
dgas
soflis
dasavleTiT aRmarTul maRal gorakze (1 versi), romelsac gars akravs urTxvlis tye da maxloblad (samxreTiT) aqvs gamoqvabulebi. eklesia erTnaviani mcire bazilikaa, 5X4 arSini (daaxl.); naSenia qviTkirisagan, hxuravs
yavari
da
Tunuqi;
kari
aqvs
dasavleTiT,
sarkmeli
–
aRmosavleTiT. eklesiaSi aris qvaze gamoqandakebuli xati macxovrisa amaRlebisa, 1 1/ ×1 2
arSini (daaxl.); mas adgilobriv SecdomiT wm. giorgis eZaxian.
macxovars garSemo RrubelTa grova aqvs Semoxveuli, igi marjveniT akurTxebs, xolo marcxenaSi uWiravs gaSlili etrati, romelzec weria nusxurad: me aRval m(a)m(i)sa
C(e)m(i)sa
da nugeSi nis mcemeli s(ul)Á w(mida)Á mogiv lino Tq(ve)n macxovris zeviT, kuTxeebSi gamoqandakebulia ori xnieri piris saxe (wverianebi)
yelamde.
macxovris
marjvniv
da
marcxniv
aris
mTavarangelozebi, maT qveviTac ori angelozi dazianebuli. qva
ramdenime
wlis
winaT
vinme
borotmoqmeds
gadmougdia
adgilidan da dauzianebia: mas Zira nawili motexili aqvs 22 natexad – yvela am natexebs SerCenili aqvs qandakebis kvali, am dazianebis gamo macxovars aklia muxlT qveviTi nawili; Zira angelozebi wels qveviT aRar
arian,
asomTavruli,
maTgan
marjvenas
romelic
Tavze
dasrulebuli
aqvs ar
warwera aris:
`Zeo
nusxurnarevi RmrTis(a)o
S(eiwyal)e~. eklesiaSive aris qvis sveti, 1 arSinis simaRlisa; igi an kankelis naSTi an jvris asamaRlebeli unda iyos.~ [3. gv. 199-200]
21
amgvarad, quTaisis muzeumis epigrafikis fondSi daculi filisa da boWoriZis mier detalurad aRwerili qvis xatis identuroba eWvs aRar iwvevs. Tumca aRniSnuli dazianebuli qvis xati g. boWoriZes eklesiidan ar wamouRia. fragmentuli kankelis quTaisis muzeumSi moxvedrasTan dakavSirebuli bundovani istoriis gasarkvevad, Cven vewvieT sof. gogns, sadac megzuroba gagviwia da saintereso informacia mogvawoda soflis mkvidrma – ramaz lorTqifaniZem. man mogviTxro Semdegi istoria: gognis `karugdebelis~ eklesiaSi dabrZanebuli iyo wm. giorgis didi zomis qvis xati (adgilobrivebi dResac darwmunebulni arian, rom qvaze gamosaxuli iyo wm. giorgi – n.s.), romelic represiebis dros daaxl. 1937welSi eklesiidan
gamoitana
vinme
vaniCka
gogberaSvilma.
am
informaciis
siswore dagvidastura, istorikosma avTandil kaxiZem. misi gadmocemiT, qvis
xatis
eklesiidan
gamotanis
iniciatori
iyo
zeda
sazanoSi
mcxovrebi giorgaZe, xolo Semsrulebeli amave soflis mkvidri – vaniCka gogberaSvili.
xati
uremze
daudevT,
sofel-sofel
utarebiaT,
ris
Semdegac, borotmoqmedTa mier isedac dazianebuli unikaluri kankelis fila
ukvalod
gauCinarda.
didi
xnis
manZilze
soflis
mkvidrni
darwmunebulni iyvnen, rom maTi salocavi xati inaxeboda Tbilisis saxelmwifo muzeumSi, Tumca 1990-ian wlebSi, roca qvis fila moiZies aRniSnul muzeumSi, is iq ar aRmoCnda. sof.
gognis
siZveleebis
Sesaxeb
garkveuli
masala
moviZieT
quTaisis istoriuli muzeumis xelnawerTa fondSic. aq daculi 1978wlis Terjolis
raionSi
oqtombris
Canaweris
Catarebuli mixedviT,
eqspediciis gognis
wevris
c.
mumlaZis
`karugdebelis~
26
eklesiaSi
dabrZanebuli wm. giorgis qvis xati 40-iani wlebis maxlobel periodSi waiRes Tbilisis saxelmwifo muzeumSi [4. gv. 38]. sxva informaciiT, gognis `karugdebelis~ qvaze gamokveTili xati komunistebis
dros
kldidan
iqna
gadagdebuli,
ris
Sedegadac
sagrZnoblad dazianda da savaraudod inaxeba Cxaris mxareTmcodneobis muzeumSi [5. gv.31]. Cven vesaubreT Cxaris miwaTmoqmedebisa da xelosnobis saxelmwifo muzeumis direqtors, istorikos aleqsandre bucxrikiZes, romelic aseve mravali
wlis
eklesiidan
manZilze
gatanili
cdilobda
kankelis
daedgina
filis
gognis
`karugdebelis~
adgilsamyofeli.
mas
mWidro 22
urTierToba hqonda akad. Salva amiranaSvilTan, Tumca rogorc gairkva arc
b.-ni
Salva
aleqsandrem
flobda
fotoze
filis
amoicno
Sesaxeb
raime
`karugdebelis~
informacias.
eklesiidan
b.-nma
ukvalod
dakarguli `qvis xati~ da dagvidastura, rom, es swored is xatia, romelic dabrZanebuli iyo gognis eklesiaSi. Cvens
xelT
gaTvaliswinebiT,
arsebuli
gognis
wm.
yvela
giorgis
sainformacio
eklesiis
qvis
wyaros
xatis
quTaisis
muzeumSi damkvidrebis istoria amgvarad SeiZleba aRvadginoT: kankelis fila macxovris `amaRlebis~ unikaluri kompoziciiT oqtombris 1917wlis revoluciis Semdgom dazianda `vinme borotmoqmedis~ mier (am saxiT ixila is ukve g. boWoriZem 20-ian wlebSi – n.s.), ris gamoc daikarga qveda nawili,
gragnilze
gansakuTrebiT
arsebuli
Tvalebs
warwera,
dResac
xolo
aCnia
macxovris
basri
sagniT
saxesa
da
specialurad
miyenebuli nakawrebi. XXs. –is 30-ian wlebSi, antireligiuri moZraobis periodSi, mitanil
gogberaSvilis iqna
mier
quTaisis
eklesiidan
urmiT
istoriul-eTnografiul
wamoRebuli muzeumSi,
xati
cxadia,
represiebis an Tavad xatis ganadgurebis SiSis gamo misi warmomavloba saidumloebiT moculi gaxda da muzeumis sainventaro wignSi SemorCa mxolod zogadi miniSneba – qvis xati Sorapnis mazridan, rac aseve simarTles Seesabameba, vinaidan sof. gogni am periodSi Sorapnis mazris SemadgenlobaSi Sedioda [6. internet-resursi]. kankelis filis didi zoma mcire
zomebi
vifiqroT,
rom
ar
Seesabameba
fila
erT
da gognis `karugdebeli~ eklesiis
erTmaneTs, dros
rac
gvaZlevs
gadmoitanes
sxva
safuZvels axlomdebare
eklesiidan. b.-n avT. kaxiZis TqmiT, `karugdebelis~ mopirdapire gorakze, im teritoriaze, romelsac soflis mkvidrni `udabnos~ uwodeben da sadac adre berTa samyofeli iyo, aris bazilikuri eklesiis nangrevebi, romelic
savaraudod
agebuli.
SesaZloa
gadmotanili,
Tumca
adreSuasaukuneebis kankelis es
fila
sakiTxic
periodSi
swored momavali
am
unda
yofiliyo
eklesiidan kvlevis
aris
erT-erTi
mniSvnelovani Temaa.
23
l i t e r a t u r a: 1. sarava
n.:
`kankelis
fila
macxovris
amaRlebis
kompoziciiT~,
quTaisis sax. istoriuli muzeumis Sromebi 2013w., kr. XXIII. 2. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriuli muzeumis SemosulobaTa wigni, 1928w. wigni III 3. boWoriZe g., `imereTi~, Tb. 1995w. 4. mumlaZe c.: quTaisis muzeumis xelnawerTa fondi, sm 130/1 5. Terjolis materialuri kulturis Zeglebi (katalogi), Terjola 2010w. 6. http://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/შორაპნის_მაზრა
fotos avtori: Tamar jixvaSvili
daxmarebisaTvis did madlobas vuxdiT:
quTaisis
saxelmwifo
istoriuli
muzeumis
xelnawerTa
da
ZvelnabeWd wignTa fondis kurators – cicino mumlaZes Terjolis koordinators,
kulturis sof.
ganviTarebis
gognis
sajaro
municipaluri skolis
centris
pedagogs
ramaz
lorTqifaniZes Terjolis municipalitetis gamgeobis TanamSromels Tea talaxaZes istorikos avTandil kaxiZes Cxaris
miwaTmoqmedebisa
da
xelosnobis
muzeumis
direqtors,
istorikos aleqsandre bucxrikiZes
24
Internetional Journal “Khandzta”, Tbilisi-Kutaisi 2014y.
Nino Sarava
New Data about The Fragmented Chancel Screen Preserved at Kutaisi State Historical Museum Resume
The article aims to introduce readers the new data about the unknown history of fragmented chancel screen preserved at Kutaisi state historical museum. Many years the chancel slab with the unique composition of “Christ Ascension” dating back to the II half of Xc. was defended at the epigraphic fond having the history rather uncertain. After a long search in different sources and documents we were able to identify the chancel screen with the “stone icon” placed in the so called “karugdebeli” st. George church of village Gogni (Upper Imereti). During the antireligious company in the 30-ies of XX c. the stone chancel screen with its wonderful relief carvings was at first damaged and lately taken out of the church and confidentially brought to the Kutaisi museum.
25