Apartment Design

from Apartment Design

by Nirbhay Singh

A P A R T M E N T D E S I G N

5 T H S E M E S T E R D E S I G N

Ishatvam 9 - Sculptural geometries; apposite lifestyles!

Planning and Circulation

Design Features

Introduction

Architects - Sanjay Puri Architects Location - Ranchi, Jharkhand, India Plot Area - 1800 m2 Project Year - 2017 Unit Types - 15 units of 4 BHK flats

(Multi-family residence)

Ishatvam 9 is a residential building whose most of the plot frontage along the main road is occupied by an existing petrol pump leaving just a driveway for access with a square shaped space beyond which is buildable upon. Ranchi city has the population density of 6100 inhabitants/km2. This promotes the need of vertical construction of buildings in the city.

Site

Design Concept

Most of this city has existed with low rise development. Earlier buildings were allowed of only 15m height and a buildable area equivalent to the plot size have been changed to 50m height as well as a buildable area 3 times the plot size. The layout is done in response to the social habits of the people in the city where 3 generations are generally living together in the same house.

City inhabitants have been used to living in individual houses with private garden and open spaces.As a result of this few high rise residential buildings still remain unoccupied due to lack of open spaces

Ishatvam 9 is designed with 20% open area as extensions to the internal spaces, maximizing on natural light and air with cross ventilation to every room in the house. Each balcony is partially covered and partially open to sky. Double-height decks and cantilevered bedrooms are carved out of bold geometries. Splayed and twisted walls allow for varying spatial character throughout these spaces

Isometric view

Minimised internal circulation. Large living dining area located centrally from which all the rooms are accessed. The living room becomes the focal place within the house allowing for increased interaction between the various family members.

Odd Level Plan

Only approach to the site is through a road with petrol pump on one side. Site is surrounded by circulation road on all four sides. Setback of 8 m is given on all sides. There is a small green lawn beside the building (Area - 130 sqm). Approach road width - 6 m Plot area - 1800 sqm Floor Area - 600 sqm Parking area- 750 sqm(underground) Side ways parking width- 2 m

Built form

Rectilinear block. Square plan. Sculptural geometries. Spread out facade.

Geographical aspect

The climate in Ranchi is composite. Hot and dry summer followed by a humid seasons with monsoon rains. In winter, there is much less rainfall in Ranchi than in summer. Use of windows designed to deflect breezes from varying angles . Locating windows on walls with best exposure to common cooling breezes and design for effective cross flow of air through the building.

Section showing spatial heirarchy existing

Materials & Construction

Brick & Concrete structure Aluminium mullion curtain wall Glass Cantilevered deck of concrete Shuttering with plywood and steel sheets. Project constructed by a local small time contractor They created models of the building with blown up models of the bent forms to explain the geometry to the contractor.

Climate responsive

Open spaces play an important role in providing thermal comfort. Balconies and terraces keeps the interiors cool against the excessive heat. Extensions of landscaped spaces efficiently maximize natural light and cross ventilation Directing airflows at levels suitable for activity proposed for the building.

CASE STUDY- APARTMENT

Inferences

Pros

Cons

Area statement

Services & Amenities

Section aa'

Bedroom - 10.6 sqm each(Total 4)

Kitchen - 9.3 sqm

Bathroom - 3.8 sqm each (Total 4)

Prayer’s room - 2.5 sqm

Servant’s room – 2.71 sqm

Dining – 9.05 sqm

Living room - 35 sqm

Dresser room - 3.5 sqm

2 Lifts – 2.3 sqm each

Elec duct- 1 sqm

Balcony - 2.1sqm ,3 .2 sqm , 2.8 sqm , 8.61 sqm , 2.64 sqm

Party hall Underground parking Fire Fighting System Green Lawn CCTV cameras

This modern high-rise will allow its users the openness and comfort of the low-rise structures they are used to. In keeping with the social pattern of life in Ranchi, the apartments are designed with a large living and dining area located centrally.

Some lobbies create dead spaces in the house (8 m2 in each apartment). little scope for recreation at the ground level. It is designed more from individual point of view rather than on social cause.

Lobby with Visitors Lounge Servant’s room 2 lifts & 2 stairs (total Petrol Pump beside

Juhi Srivastava (15110009) Nirbhay Singh (15110016) Tushar Shende (15110026)

The Interlace - Vertical Village

Planning and Circulation

Design Features

Introduction

Architects - OMA, Ole Scheeren Location - Singapore Gross Floor Area - 1169600.0 sqm Site Area - 81000 sqm Project Year - 2013 No. of Units - 1,040 apartment units in 31 apartment blocks, each six storey's tall with 8 main courtyards + 8 retail shops .

The Interlace is located on an elevated eight-hectare site, bounded by Alexandra Road and the Ayer Rajah Expressway, amidst the verdant Southern Ridges of Singapore.

Design Concept

New residential typology which breaks away from the clusters of isolating towers. Horizontally connected volumes establishing a better connected and less isolated residential environment

The Interlace incorporates sustainability features through careful environmental analysis of sun, wind, and micro-climate conditions on site and the integration of low-impact passive energy strategies.

The idea of community life is emphasized through an extensive networks of gardens. The interlocking blocks form a vertical village with cascading sky gardens and both private and public roof terraces Strategic position of water bodies reduce local temperature and improves thermal comfort. The number of paths and pedestrian circulation is a response to the location and density of residents around each courtyard and core residence.

CORE A 1 Elevator + 1 Stair CORE B 2 Elevator + 1 Stair CORE C 2 Elevator + 2 Stairs

A system of three core types for 6, 18, and 24 stories is located at the overlap of the stacked apartment blocks.

Cores typically serve 3-4 different units per floor, which provides efficient circulation without long corridors.

Site

Parking

Area statement

A. Central square . B. Water park . C. Play hills. D. Spa valley. E. Theatre plaza. F. Bamboo garden. G. Lotus pond. H. Waterfall terrace.

1. Main entrance , 2. Guard house , 3.Pedestrian main gate , 4. Pedestrian side gate , 5. Drop-off , 6.Retail plaza , 7.Play zone . , 8.Outdoor exercise station ,9.BBQ promenade , 10.Jogging track , 11.Gardening zone , 12.Pet zone , 13.Party pavilion ,14.Tennis court , 15.Multi-purpose court, 16.Club house (1st story ).

Floor Plans

3 BHK

4 BHK

1,040 Residences - 144,000 m2

Clubhouse / Amenities - 1,500 m2

Retail - 500 m2

2 Bedroom - 75m2

3 bedroom+study/family - 147m2

3 Bedroom - 116m2

4 bedroom / multi generation - 180m2

Garden house - 267m2

Pent house - 292 m2

Bedroom - 85m2

Bathroom - 13m2

Kitchen - 34m2

Living room - 53m2

Parking

Above-ground vehicular circulation is minimized, liberating large green areas. Basement parking- 2,600 cars. Open air voids in the plinth allow light and air to the semi sunken and naturally ventilated parking deck.

Shadow analysis

2 BHK2 BHK

Inferences

Though the design generates diff horizontal arrangements of blocks instead of a skyscraper but it is only possible when the site is large enough. No intersection of pedestrian movement by vehicular movement. More incorporation of social spaces. More of green area than the built up area, thus making it a part of the ecology. All types of units are mixed. The spatial arrangements of the different blocks provide different states of sun and shadow, with large water bodies provided for influencing the microclimate in the recreational spaces between the towers, improving the overall quality of comfort and experience.

Morning Afternoon Evening

CASE STUDY- APARTMENT

Juhi Srivastava (15110009) Nirbhay Singh (15110016) Tushar Shende (15110026)

Phase 3

PARKING :

MAJOR APPROACH ROADS

5m setback on the site for 15m height

2 E.C.S. per 100 m 2 covered area on all the floors. However a maximum of 3 E.C.S. per dwelling unit.

Open Parking - 23 sq. mt. Stilt Parking - 28 sq. mt. Basement Parking - 32 sq. mt. (However not recommended in this case.)

Horizontal Circulation

SET BACKS : Upto 15m height, an offset of 5m has to be left on all sides. Further with every 3m rise in the height setback increases by 1m.

Site Area : 12400 m2 Ground coverage : 35 % Roads : 25 % Soft cover : 40 %

Fire tenders :

On all sides and along the layout of the building a clear moving space should be left for fire tenders. The surface shall be hard enough to bear 22 tonnes for low rise (15m) and 45 tonnes for high rise.

Vertical Circulation

CORE

The core of a multistorey building that integrates functions and service needs for established occupants. Such areas are normally composed of toilet facilities, elevator banks, janitor’s closet, utilities, mechanical facilities, smoke shafts and stair.

Central coreSplit core

End coreAtrium core

Internal Staircase :

Internal stairs shall be constructed of non- combustible materials throughtout. Internal stairs shall be constructed as a self contained unit with an external wall of the building constituting at least one of its sides and shall be completely enclosed. A staircase shall not be arranged round a lift shaft.

Fire Lifts

Where applicable, fire lifts shall be provided with a minimum capacity for 8 passenger and fully automated with emergency switch on ground level. in general, building 15 m in height or above shall be provided with fire lifts. In case of fire, only fireman shall operate the fire lift. In normal course, it may be used by other persons. Each fire lift shall be equipped with suitable inter-communication equipment for comunicating with the control room on the ground floor of the building. The number and location of fire lifts in a building shall be decided after taking into consideration various factors like building population, floor area, compartmentation,etc.

To enable fire services personnel to reach the upper floors with minimum delay, one fire lift per 1200 m2of floor area shall be provided and shall be available for the exclusive use of the firemen in emergency.

The lift shall have a floor area of not less than 1.4 m2. It shall have loading capacity of not less than 545 kg (8 person lift) with automatic closing doors of minimum 0.8 m width.

Water Tank :

Underground water storage tank varies from 50,000 ltrs. to 250,000 ltrs. Depending on the type & occupancy of the buildings.

The capacity of terrace level water storage tank varies from 10,000 ltrs. to 20,000 ltrs. Depending on the type & occupancy of the building.

The Refuge Area :

For floors above 24m & up to 39m one refuge area on the floor immediately above 24m.

For floors above 39m one refuge area on the floor immediately above 39m & so on after 15m refuge area shall be provided.

Entrance width and clearance height:

Every High rise building should have at least 2 means of access, one remote to the other, of minimum width 4.5m. with height clearance of 5m. This minimum width is essential to facilitate free movement of fire units.

Fire escape staircase

(1) Fire escape staircase shall be provided for every building of, - residential occupancy exceeding three storeys above ground level. (2) The width of fire escape staircase shall not be less than 0.75metre, the width offire escape stair tread shall not be less than 15 cm, the height of the fire escape stair riser shall not exceed 19 cm, and the number of risers shall not exceed 16 per flight of stairs. (3) The height of handrail shall not be less than 1 metre. (4) Fire escape stair shall be constructed only in the exterior of the building and shall be connected directly to the ground. (5) Fire escape stairs shall have a straight flight. (6) Entrance to fire escape staircase shall be separated and remote from internal staircase.

SITE ANALYSIS-CIRCULATION

Juhi Srivatava (15110009) Nirbhay Singh (15110016)

Design concept

Cluster massing

Single cluster of 2 type 6

Site zoning

Door step

TYPE 6 SINGLE UNIT Duplex

EMPTY SITE

Open Courtyard

Community interaction

TYPE 5 SINGLE UNIT

Roads and entrance

MODULE 1

Single TYPE 6 unit

Two units are stacked such that they make lap joint

MODULE 2

Single TYPE 5 unit

Units are stacked in such a way that they make voids These voids facilitate prevailing north - east winds on site according to their position

TYPOLOGY 1 - TYPE 5 ONLY

Group cluster of type 5 and type 6

Section showing Spatial hierarchy of traditional Indian houses

Most of the faculty used to live in individual houses with private gardens open houses. Looking after the traditional ideology of Indian people is they prefer to stay in houses having private open spaces. We can tackle this problem by providing terrace garden in individual units and also separate place for community interaction at the same time

MODULE 3

TYPOLOGY 1 ( TYPE 5) + TYPOLOGY 2 (TYPE 6 )