RECOMMENDATION

FRONT ELEVATION

9. INTERVIEWS 9.1 INTERVIEW OF NAWANG CHERING (CARPENTER)

He is from urgose works as a carpenter. He is working as a carpenter from past 20 years. He went to learn the carpentry from Kullu and Manali. According to him stone and timber both use to be free for villagers but after forest rule came in the timber is not free anymore.it is very difficult to get a wood for construction now days but some people do take timber

illegally and secretly

from forest. Now you need licence from Kullu to cut a tree for any purpose or some people also buy

NAWANG CHERING. Age- 57

timber from govt. and private depots from Kullu and Manali. The Trees used in construction are mainly Kail (Shukpa) and Deodar (Thanshing)Most of the wood work is replaced by

either concrete and cement or by the ply woods. Before when the wooden beam was places on the column there use to be a sacrifice of sheep and the family use to celebrate with villagers and eat the meant fro dinner. But now

its not done people have slowly stopped doing it.

PROS OF USING NEW MATERIALS

The modern material makes structure more stable and strong but the traditional materials are weaker as compare to modern materials. Modern materials doesn't need any maintenance for years but the traditional building requires a lot of maintenance every year .

CORNS OF USING NEW MATERIALS • New materials are changing the traditional building look and which seems to be reflecting in overall landscape of the village.

SOLUTION ACCORDING TO HIM

Timber is an important element of the traditional building now it is replaced by concrete structures. Use of timber have gradually reduced but its good that some people still use timber for door and window designs and some people also use for interior decoration.

54 years and Stopped working from past 5-6 year because of health issues. He is self taught stone mason. According to him stone is free of cost but for aggregates people have to pay labour cost or if the aggregate is been transported from Kullu they have to pay the charges. Before there was no work of aggregate, it wasn’t used in old traditional building. The timber of Kail is generally used for

making doors and windows and timber of Deodar is used for the beam column and the flooring because they are much stronger then the Kail.

KUNGA NORBU . Age 81

He liked the new materials which were used with the combination

with old materials because new materials are more stronger then the traditional materials. He particularly like the combination of

cement mortar with stone for wall construction.

PROS OF USING NEW MATERIALS

The modern material makes structure more stable and strong but the traditional materials are weaker as compare to modern materials.

Modern materials doesn't need any maintenance for years but the traditional building requires a lot of maintenance every year .

CORNS OF USING NEW MATERIALS

It takes modern house to complete one to two year but in case of traditional material it was faster and the construction is finished in 2-3 months.

People from all house use to come together and help in the construction of traditional building which was good and it acted as strengthening element for community but that’s not the case anymore.

SOLUTION ACCORDING TO HIM

To design the houses such a way that the look of traditional building remain same but the modern materials are used or combination of modern and traditional materials.

villages and have contacts in most villages. He is been working as a tourist guide at Miyar valley . According to him the place is changing slowly due to road. The aspiration is one of the reason that people are changing there mind set slowly. Now days everyone wanted to build a modern concrete house because its like a trend, but people are not building the modern house

because they don’t have enough savings to do so. Due to road, access to the modern materials are easy. The

villages like Urgose which have a direct access to the road can

be seen with few modern houses but the village like Chaling, where road hasn’t been reached yet have all vernacular building still standing and in use with little bit of renovation done to it.

RANJEET BODH. Age 27

PROS OF USING NEW MATERIALS

The modern material makes structure more stable and strong but the traditional materials are weaker as compare to modern materials.

Modern materials doesn't need any maintenance for years but the traditional building requires a lot of maintenance every year .

CORNS OF USING NEW MATERIALS

Since using new materials one can have more then two or three floors people are building multi-storeyed building with addition of sloping roof on it. The use of sloping roof wasn’t there in traditional buildings now the modern building stands out in a landscape of the village, overpowering on the traditional built forms.

SOLUTION ACCORDING TO HIM

People who are building new Houses in a village now days don’t realise the impact of the Modern

building on the natural landscape. Villagers usually don’t talk in community about the architecture of the village and what people are doing to the old traditional buildings , but according to him spreading the awareness across the village giving them the right knowledge of materials is very important and will be helpful.

Miyar valley is a land of snowy mountain with abundant rainfall and rich in greenery. despite of lot of climatic ,topographic Problems the people of Miyar valley are hardworking, talented, and this reflects in their art and craft. The art and craft craft of any place is reflection of its environment, people and traditions and so is in the Miyar valley. Handloom weaving and handcraft are the cultural heritage of the Miyar people and

indispensable part of their lives.the activity of preparing a vide range of handloom and handicraft products was originated to suffice local needs but it gradually became the source of income for the local people. The main handcraft item of Miyar valley are Tuktuk, Woollen Socks, Caps, Traditional dresses. After the hardworking and busy summer when the winter arrive it is time for villagers relax and enjoy the life. During winter when there is no access to the outer world from the village the people from village free time to do hand craft. and sell them at Kullu bazar and Mandi mela.

utilise there

HAND KNIT WOOLENS

In Miyar valley, the women are experts in making hand knitted woollen articles, which include woollen socks, gloves and caps. During winter season, they are generally free from agricultural work thus earn money by spending most of their time by knitting different woollen products.

WOOLLEN SOCKS

The woollen socks are knitted from local wool or cash melon thread. They have geometric designs woven with bright colours along the top of foot. A typical characteristics of these socks is that they are knitted with four needles instead of two. Rate of the socks generally varies from 150 to 200 depends upon the market demand.

Similar to the socks, the gloves and caps are knitted from local wool with geometrical designs over them displaying brilliant colours. The price of hand knitted woollens depends on the quality of the wool and the pattern used.

TUKTUK

Is also called tuktuk in local language ,which is made by felting the wool rather then weaving it. It is prepared by mixing low quality wool with a small quantity of cotton. Tuktuk are usually plain or decorated

embroidered colourful designs.. These mattresses come in different sizes as 1.82 x 0.91 meters or 3.69 x 3.04

meters. The price of the tuktuk depends on its size, quality of wool and the pattern.

TRADITIONAL DRESS

The traditional dress was made up of wool but nowadays it has been made by using silk. This is also done during winters by women. But the traditional dress is been sold to local people largely then outsiders.

MUFFLER

Muffler is a woollen article worn around neck. It is woven usually with pashmina, merino or angora wool having threads of different colours. The smaller looms are used for mufflers. Gents

1.70metre X 0.30 m, while ladies mufflers are little bit longer in length with same width. muffler measures

Food plays an important role of Indian culture, in everyday life as well as in different festivals. Indian cuisine varies from region to region, reflecting the people of the ethnically diverse subcontinent. Despite this diversity, some unifying threads emerge. Varied uses of spices are an integral part of food preparation, and are used to enhance the flavour of a dish and create unique flavours and aromas.

Food Helps maintain physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony and is a key to a good health.

Understanding the food and drinking culture of Miyar valley, it is clear that in many families, everyday meals are sit-down affairs consisting of two to three main course dishes, varied accompaniments such as chutneys and pickles, carbohydrate staples such as Rice and Roti (bread). Cooking of sweet dishes are less as compared to the spicy. In most of the cities and towns of India, all new food cultures are replacing the traditional food culture. But it was very intrusting to see the in all villages of Miyar valley traditional food culture was still alive.

The ingredients for food in Miyar valley was grown in their own fields but the spices where bought from the

nearby town Udaipur. The traditional food of Miyar are Momo, thou, T-momo, Roti (Thokur), Thukpa, and traditional drinks are Alcohol (Arak), Butter Tea (Chacha), Bear (Chang). Chutney and Ghee (Mar) plays an important role in increasing the flavour of food. These two items are always kept while eating every meal in a dining area.

Summer is bearable but winter are harsh and the complete Miyar valley stays cut off from rest of the world during this period of time. The most of traditional foods and drink ingredents are such that they keep them

warm during winters.

Such as Roti (Thokur), Thukpa, Alcohol (Arak), Butter Tea (Chacha), Bear (Chang). The most of the vegetables were grown during summer and dried in sun to use them during winter. The summer is a period to collect the stock for winter as much as possible in a one particular store which is just dedicated to a winter stock.

Traditional food and drinks are prepared and served in large amount during all festivals and marriages in Miyar valley. People from each house come together and prepare the food which becomes the one of the reason to bring all people together as a community.

Food is not just important for eating, but it is also a way of socializing, getting together with family, relatives and friends.

TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS

MUD AND STONE CONSTRUCTION

Traditional buildings are made up of stone wood and mud. Wood are intensively used in the traditional buildings and stone is used majorly for wall construction. Mud are used for plastering, mortar finishing the flooring and roof. It have high maintenance and structurally weaker. The height is limited to three stories. There is no ornamentation on the wood, the design is simple. The main door of the house are larger as compare to the other doors in house. The house temple is always built on the top floor.

RENOVATED BY APPLING PLASTER ON THE EXTERIOR WALL

MUD PLASTER INTERIOR OF THE HOUSE

CEMENT PLASTER ON EXTERIOR

These are the traditional buildings which were renovated over a time. Due to maintenance and water dripping issue of the traditional building. The mud plaster will fall off after the heavy rain fall and then again another layer has to be applied over it. The exterior are cement plastered due to these issues but interiors are kept same. The stone edge on the roof was replaced by concrete slabs.

RENOVATED BY APPLING PLASTER ON THE EXTERIOR WALL

MODERN HOUSE WITH FLAT ROOF

MODERN HOUSES

The modern buildings are made up of RCC structure with the concrete block or brick wall. The modern buildings are structurally stronger as compare to the traditional building cantilever balconies are possible with the increasing in number of floors. The more number of rooms can be achieved. The modern building became more ornamented as compare to the traditional building. The modern materials have a lot of benefits but the look of the building doesn’t complement the landscape of the village.

STONE EDGING

WOODEN SECONDARY BEAN

STONE WALL

WOODEN BEAMS

TERTIARY MEMBER

SECONDAR Y BEAM MEMBER

PRIMARY BEAM MEMBER

WOODEN COLUMN

COMMON WINDOW DESIGN

MAIN DOOR OF A HOUSE DOOR OF CATTLE SHED

ISSUES IN OLD BUILDING

Maintenance

Water dripping problems. Building Height is limited. Small rooms.

BENEFITS OF OLD BUILDING

Warm during cold winter by mud insulation and thick stone wall.

Merge with the natural landscape of the valley. Fast construction (2-3 months) Cheaper Local craftsmanship.

ISSUES AND BENEFITS OF NEW BUILDING.

ISSUES IN NEW BUILDING

Landscape of the village is changing . Transportation costs and construction cost

BENEFITS OF NEW BUILDING

Less maintenance

Strong and stable. More then 3 floor height can be achieved. Bigger rooms.

Olden times the traditional building had better access to

locally available resources more as compared to now. Scenario has been changed and no one wants to be lagging in the race of development.

So, with the introduction of modern buildings that has an

efficient use of traditional material in it, there is some possibility of linking both modem and traditional

architecture while at the same time retaining the spirit of the place through the use of most

material timber and stone. enduring and sustainable

16. RECOMMENDATION

Keeping in mind all the above aspect of study. I personally recommend to construct the house which resolve the old

traditional construction issues without changing the traditional architecture and landscape of the village. This can be achieved only by taking benefits of both traditional locally available materials and modern materials. The house of RCC structure with the stone wall and mortar of

cement since cement is stronger then the mud which have been used till now and the use of wood should be kept as it is since it is the one of the important element of the traditional domestic architecture.

BUILDING MATERIALS

TRADITIONAL CONTEMPORARY

Stone

wood Cement

RCC structure

Cement mortar