Architecture, 2022-2023 by niuniu zhao

NIUNIU ZHAO Architecture, 2022-2023

Library Remix: Frame-work x Play-ground

Core III, Yale School of Architecture Year: Autumn/Winter 2023 Site: 182 Grand Ave, New Haven, CT, USA Critic: Stella Betts

... gridspace as protected chaos ... as structure, amusement ... scaffold, potentiality ... maze, encounter

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The brief calls for adaptive reuse of Fair Haven Branch Library, a 10,644 square-foot brick building dating back to 1917. On the east, the existing building is parted from a local middle school by a 28,500 squarefoot open lot. The brief asked for ~25,000 square-foot added programme, and in particular the incorporation of squash courts. 60% of the lot must remain open. Responding to the simplicity and elegance of the existing building, as well as site conditions, the volumetric operation is a simple triplication, extending the existing massing into a long “bar”. The overall, two-in-one structural and spatial strategy is to insert a system of steel columns and beams — a three-dimensional grid — into the brick shell. The laying of the grid is highly calibrated in order to accommodate and create functional opportunities: the first third of the grid is subdivided into three, generating larger spaces for open-plan reading, learning, and gathering, counterbalancing the enclosure of the existing brick structure; the next third is subdivided into four, accommodating the size of squash courts; and the final third is subdivided into five, creating a variety of smaller, open-air or enclosed spaces that can be used variously as studios, exhibition spaces, neighbourhood shops, or additional reading rooms.

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In contrast to the calculated evenness of the plan, the playful inner spirit of the building is revealed in section. The undulation of the squash courts, and the advance/retreat of floor plates create variable height experiences and intentional or unintentional views. While a grid system remains legible, one finds disruptions like a Z-shaped auditorium, a super-tall swing, a dressing room between two squash courts, a slide connecting two floors, or a double-height hidden bar… The entire extension is clad in a translucent skin, in juxtaposition to the solidity of the existing brick. The building is ambivalent between extroversion and introversion; simultaneously open and shy. At times, a second layer of skin is inserted to ensure climactic control, allowing a mixture of warm and cold spaces. A friendly public square lies between the school and the library, the main avenue and the residential street, where the grid bleeds out onto the open lot, metamorphosing into a system more graphic and kinetic, reminiscent of Piet Mondrian. The landscape composition is a patchwork of turf, sand, and paving, stitched together by intersecting bands of square modules. When on the ground, the modules are concrete pavings; when raised to different heights, the modules are wooden seaters or planters.

ground

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d plan

1 Café 2 Mini Theatre 3 Squash Courts

4 Grocery Store 5 Secret Bar 6 Landscape

38ft

1 2

section A (n

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north-south)

1 Café 2 Mini Theatre 3 Library Stacks 4 Squash Courts 5 Changing Rooms

6 Open Playground 7 Deck with Slide 8 Grocery Store 9 Secret Bar 10 Studios

38ft

basement, second floor, third floor plan

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57ft

section B (east-west)

26ft

section C (east-west)

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section D (east-west)

26ft

On the eastern facade, a dramatic staircase is hung, acting as circulation and invitation, signature and disruption.

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From the exterior staircase, through a large sliding door, the visitor steps onto a corridor, where one may view the activities below, or advance to enter a squash court.

The final third is subdivided into five, creating a variety of smaller, open-air and enclosed spaces that can be used variously as studios, exhibition spaces, or reading rooms.

The sunken, outdoor-indoor, public-private area presents multiple oxymorons, and a flexible playground.

1’ - 1/8’’ model. Chipboard, 3D-printing, spray paint.

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Dream of the Red Chamber

Core II, Yale School of Architecture Year: Spring 2023 Site: 73 Howard St, New Haven, CT, USA Critic: Eeva-Liisa Pelkonen

“The red lamp was on the table. The moon was shining brilliantly through the window… A moment’s reflection told him that what he had just experienced had been a dream.” - Cao Xue Qin, c. 1760

Inspired by the eighteenth-century Chinese novel, Dream of the Red Chamber (红楼梦) aka Story of The Stone (石头记), one of the greatest novels ever written, the project experiments with a narrative-based design process, and imagines communal housing in the lineage of classical siheyuan (四合院) typology. The novel unfolds primarily within the walls of a family compound, relating in detail the daily rituals, intrigues, secrets, and power dynamics among some thirty main characters and over four hundred minor ones. Inheriting aristocratic titles from two generations before, the Jia Family is one of the most powerful in the country. Four generations reside together and separately in Jia House, a large estate that takes equal care in its lush gardens as its rooms, giving as much play-scape as utilitarian space. The project is carefully programmed to formally and functionally reflect the narrative, albeit in a contemporised mode. To that end, the pronounced topographical character and plentiful trees of the site serve as both constraints and opportunities. The compound consists of five parts. Two bars at the front house various private-public functions, and three courtyards accommodate members of the family. Business ventures and underhand deals are concocted in tea rooms, protégés are

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received in the private library, domestic accounting and extramarital affairs take place in the daughter-in-law’s bedroom, festive dinner parties spill into the courtyard from the grand dining room… As the topography rises, we move, via an oblique, understated entry, through a sequence of social spaces — then guest suites — then duplexes, for the middle-generation married couples — then the matriarch’s apartment, surrounded by private communal spaces — and finally to the little collective of the teenagers. Water appears throughout to give the appearance of serenity. Next to the central dining room, a long pool provides a mode of circulation, passing the matriarch’s bathroom, to the teenager’s commune. On the macro-level, the deeper the sub-compound, the more protected and less worldly its inhabitants. On the micro-level, the various thresholds are syntactical, mimicking a code of conduct, such that whilst crossing a certain threshold might mean nothing to the naive outsider, it is loaded with meanings for a member of the family who is familiar with the architecture. The insistence of or departure from the siheyuan typology, the consistency or difference among units, the access and denials... are carefully calibrated to achieve semiotic performance.

From family tree to site plan - a story of generations.

plan: the grand garden

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12 11 6

10 13

9 8

plan: the courtyards

1 Library 2 Tea Room 3 Guest Suites 4 Duplex Suites 5 Kitchen 6 Main Dining 7 Pool 8 Nursery

9 Gym 10 Music 11 Cinema 12 Dowager Suite 13 Vegetable Garden 14 Teen Suites 15 Pavilion 16 Lake

52ft

4 1

section (no

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8 6

orth-south)

1 Library 2 Guest Suite 3 Duplex Suite 4 Kitchen

5 Pool 6 Dowager 7 Teen Suite 8 Service Corridor

28ft

The formality of the architecture is contrasted by the meandering landscape. Like classical Chinese gardens, the landscape surrounding the house is filled with abundant vegetation, completed with water, and dotted with contemplative pavilions. Whilst a covered walkway on the edge of the plot serves as a screen from the outside world and an efficient route for goods and services, the paths of the garden are designed to take one on a leisurely stroll, encountering the oldest trees and various gentle topographical surprises. From the beginning and at each moment in Dream of the Red Chamber, we know the Jia family is destined to decline, and in some twenty years all of it will come to nothing. As the narrative unfolds, and as the architecture unfolds, one imagines the compound with all its solidity as future ruin — possibly then a different kind of commune, possibly a hotel.

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the tearoom with pond view...

the d

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the landscape in autumn...

duplex with bamboo garden...

Folded Music Box: Tokyo Nightclub x School

Core I, Yale School of Architecture Year: Autumn/Winter 2022 Site: 5 Chome-2-6 Minami-Aoyama, 107-0062 Tokyo, Japan Critic: Nicholas McDermott

“Nothing but a metaphor after all, travelling from far back in my memory and arriving to embellish Le Palace with a final charm: the one that comes to us from the fictions of culture.” - Roland Barthes, 1978

Speculative plan showing a performing arts school with a swimming pool on one side, a nightclub with a secret space (accessible via a fake toilet stall) on the other, sharing an open courtyard in the middle.

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20ft

This introductory, process-driven studio moves through a series of discrete exercises and culminates in a 10,000-square-foot small public building with a hybrid programme. Tokyo: a city marked by a condition of delirium, a city famous for its double life in the day and after dark, full of simultaneous events and intrigue. A corner lot in Aoyama, the site is situated in a dense, affluent, ultra-modern area. Taking inspiration from the sparkling nightlife of Tokyo, and the unexpected presence of schools near the site, the building takes on a double life as a children’s music school/nightclub. Based on a dynamic scarf pattern, showing folded and interlocking uniforms, the first speculative plan (see previous page) emerges from geometric manipulation. On the street side, the front door allows visitors into a calm, spacious entry area; on the back side, an inconspicuous door leads clubgoers through a long, dazing tunnel, depositing them in a landing between two dance floors. On the school side, the well-lighted spaces are complete with a full-service pool and three studios. On one corner, a coffeeshop serves the building’s visitors; on another, an ice cream shop serves the public. On the club side, patrons are provided with a glamorous bathroom and a catwalk on the mezzanine

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level. On occasion, the clubgoers may heighten their party experience with the availability of a pool; or the schoolchildren may use the dance floors for a rehearsal. In the centre, what is a serene courtyard during the day becomes a smoking area at night. The provision and denial of circulatory or visual access are carefully orchestrated. Elements and geometries continue in plan on both sides of a wall, unknown to users at the experiential level. The final design for a three-storey building builds upon the attitude and geometry of the initial plan exercise. There, the music school occupies the entire ground floor, and parts of the upper floors; the nightclub is accessible via a hidden entry on the second floor, and continues onto the top floor. A game of hide-and-seek continues from the exterior to the interior. The alternation of walls, frames, and glass at times gives maximum views into adjacent rooms, and at times gives maximum opacity. Modest sectional shifts further enable the play. From a music studio one can glimpse the pool. The interior is a layered stage with hidden continuities, with the intention to script surprising thresholds and subconscious resonances. The building is both a continuation of its surrounding chaos, and a protected sanctuary, escape, world of its own.

the vanity fair of Tokyo: beauty, nightlife, performing arts, and schools.

3 1

ground plan

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17ft

8 7

1 Lobby 2 Café 3 Music Room A 4 Ice Cream Shop 5 Staff Offices

section

6 Music Room B 7 Recital Room 8 Music Room C 9 Pool 10 Bar

17ft

4 3

1 2

second floor plan

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8 6

1 Recital Room 2 Music Room C 3 Lounge 4 Dance Floor A 5 Club Lounge

third floor plan

6 Pool 7 Bar 8 Pool Showers 9 Smoking 10 Dance Floor B

17ft

The final building evokes the folding and draping of fabric in three dimensionality, which continues from the exterior into the interior. The design of the envelope is a sartorial operation, where layers of coverage are draped over an interior structure of thick walls. The culminating, layered facade is tailored in a way that fits the programmatic intentions inside — at times openings are cut, at times the drapery is continued by glass.

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1’ - 1/4” model. foamboard, paper. The folding, draping, layering of the tailored envelope.

Yale School of Architecture Building Project

The Jim Vlock Building Project, Yale School of Architecture Year: Spring 2023 Site: 73 Howard St, New Haven, CT, USA Critics: Adam Hopfner, Alexander Kruhly Team: Max Coolidge, Sarah Farley, Basel Hussein, Roland Ye Thiha, Qananii Tolera, Niuniu Zhao

The client needed to accommodate two families under one roof. The “Mudroom House” project utilizes both the challenges and opportunities of co-living to create a home in which individual autonomy is prioritized and the rituals of daily living are celebrated. A simple cruciform organization allows our project to stitch individual family units together and create a shared kitchen/

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dining space along the hem of a gracious, yet efficient mudroom. While this entry space is typically marginalized, in our project this room becomes the connective tissue between private and public realms. The mudroom creates visual and auditory separation between private living quarters, which become secluded and quiet spaces for each family.

ground plan

17ft

east-west building section, east-west site section

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15ft

north-south building section, north-south site section

22ft

niuniu.zhao@yale.edu https://zhaoniuniu.cargo.site/