Various Authors, Pyi Khine Phyo Sit Arnarshin Sanit Ei Dauktine Myar by Myanmar Books

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cGijhf yKcsurf &bJ rnfonfph ;D yGm;a&;vkyif ef;udrk # vkyu f ikd jf cif;rjyK&ef XmecsKyf. 1995 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D 23 &ufpyJG g pmtrSw-f 5§}u@H cikd af &;§95 (061) jzifv h nf;aumif;/ jynfaxmifp}k u@H cdik af &;ESihf zG@H +zdK;a&;toif;/ &yfuu G §f aus;&Gmrsm;udk pD;yGm;a&;tvk@d imS rnfonfph ;D yGm;a&; vkyif ef;udrk # vkyu f ikd cf iG rhf jyKa=umif; XmecsKyf. 1995 ckEpS /f Zefe0g&v D 23 &ufpyJG g pmtrSw-f 5§}uH@cikd af &; §95 (547)jzifv h nf;aumif; !$e=f um;xm;onfukd awG@&onf? od@k aomfvnf; 1995 ckEpS /f Zlvidk_ v f 9 &ufae@wiG f jyKvyk o f nfh jynfcikd +f zKd ; A[dt k vkyf tr_aqmiftzG@J (11§95)tpnf;ta0;rS jynfe,f§wdik ;f §c&kid §f +rKd @e,f jynfaxmifpk }u@H cikd af &; ESihf zG@H +zdK;a&;toif;rsm;onf toif;.&HyaHk iGtwGuf pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; vkyu f ikd cf iG jhf yK&ef qk;H jzwfco hJ nf? tqdyk gp;D yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; vkyaf qmif&mwGiv f nf; pnfrsO;f / pnf;urf;rsm;ufkd txl;owdjyK vku d ef maqmif&u G o f mG ;&ef XmecsKyf. 1995 ckEpS /f Zlvid_ v f 27 &ufae@pyJG g pm trSwf 5§}uH@cikd af &;§95 (547)jzifh !$e=f um;cJo h nf? pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef; vkyaf qmif&mwGif vku d ef m&rnfh pnf;urf;csurf sm;rSm(u) Ekid if EH iS v hf rl sK;d twGuf tusK;d ,kwaf prnfh pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; jyKvkyjf cif;rjyK&ef? (c) toif;tqifq h if. h pnf;&k;H a&;udk xdcu kd af prnfh tjcm; pD;yGm;a&;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;rS aqmif &Guaf eonfh pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;wGif 0ifa&muf,OS +f ydKifaqmif&u G rf _ rjyK&ef? (*) toif;tqifq h if. h *k%o f u d mQ udk !_;d EGr;f ao;odraf paom/ toif;0ifrsm;. tusiphf m&dwW ysujf ym;apaom/ trsm;jynforl sm;.tjrifwiG f rwifw h ,faom pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif &Gujf cif; rjyK&ef? (Oyrm-t&ufqikd v f yk if ef;/ om;owfvyk if ef;) ponfw@dk jzpfonf?27 trSew f u,fvufawG@wiG rf l jynfcidk +f zKd ;toif;onf pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; vkyaf qmif &mwGif azmfjyygtcsurf sm;ESihf qef@usiaf eayonf? jynfcidk +f zKd ;toif;u jrefrmEdik if . H pD;yGm;a&; tcef;uÀwpfck &,lxm;jcif;onf etzppftpd;k &tm; aps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;pepftwGi;f &Sd pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;rsm;udk tvG,w f ul xde;f csKyfEikd af tmif vrf;zGiahf y;cJo h nf?28 jref*% k jf rifu h rk % ` o D nf jynfcidk +f zKd ;toif;. t"dupD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;jzpfonf? 1995 ckEpS q f ef;rSpI e0w(,ck etz). yHyh ;kd r_jzifh usyf 68 oef; &if;ES;D jrKyfEI HS “jref*% k jf rif”h ukr% ` D udk wnfaxmifcjhJ cif;jzpfonf? e0w (etz)u v$aJ y;onfh '*Hòk r@d opfajrmufyikd ;f yifv&kH wem aps;}uD;&Sd qdik cf ef; 382 cef; a&mif;&aiG usyf 39 oef;ESihf vpOfimS ;&rf;c usyf 6 aomif;cGEJ iS hf e0w (,ck tez)u v$aJ y;onfh ajreDuek ;f aps;rSvnf; usyo f ef; 200 &&Scd o hJ nf? xd@k a=umifh jynfcdkif+zdK;toif;onf EdkifiHydkift&if;tjrpfrsm;udktoHk;ðy+yD; pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&u G cf &hJ m wpfEpS t f wGi;f usyaf iG 36 ukaÉausmEf iS hf qdik cf ef;iSm;crsm;vnf; vpOfoef;csI D 29 &&Scd o hJ nf? 1995 ckEpS /f pufwifbmv jynfcidk +f zKd ;ESpyf wfvnf tpnf;ta0;od@k wifoiG ;f aom

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'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk

rS w f p k r sm; 1

jynfaxmifpk+uHhcdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;. pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;aqmif&Gufr_rsm;ESifh &HykHaiG &Smjcif;/ vl@abmifopf'Drdku&ufwpfygwD (XmecsKyf)/ 1996 ckESpf/ pufwifbmv (19)&uf? 2 jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;/ tajccHpnf;rsOf;/ 1993 ckESpf pufwifbmv (15)&uf? 3

Mobilization of the Mass: How Much of a Threat is the USDA? L. Hancock. Burma Issues. 2003. 4 Politics of Stability: Co-opting Burma’s Civil Society Through the USDA. V Coakley. Burma Issues Newsletter Vol. 8, No.10. October 1998. 5 USDA Serving National Interests as it Represents the People. Eint Dail. The Golden Land. 4 November 2005. 6

The Union Solidarity and Development Association. David Steinberg. Burma Debate. Vol. 4. Jan-Feb 1997.

jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm/ 2007 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (10)&uf? jrefrmhpG,fpkHusrf;ESpfcsKyf/ 1994 ckESpf/ pm 75? 9 tm%mydkifawG a'ocHawGudk }uH@zGH@eJ@ pGrf;tm;&SifxJ t"rRxnfhoGif;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmh toH/ 2004 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv (6)&uf? 10 tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? 8

SLORC Activities in Nyaunglebin Districe. An Independent Report by the Karen Human Rights Group. 22 February 1994. 12 Demoratic Voice of Burma. 180302. 13

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv?

USDA Membership on the Increase. KAO WAO News No. 76. 9-24 September 2004.

Exposing the Real USDA. NCGUB Information Unit. NCGUB.

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? 11/01/2005 &ufae@ a&$[oFmcef;rwGif usif;yjyKvkyfaom jynfcdkif+zdK;toif; vpOfykHrSef tpnf;ta0;rSwfwrf;rS aumufEkwfcsuf? 18 EdkifiHawmf+idrf0yfydjym;r_ wnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@. aqmif&Gufcsuf ordkif;0ifrSwfwrf;/ wdkif;usKd; jynfjyK/ wwd,wGJ/ 1995 {+yDv (1) rS 1997 Ekd0ifbm v (14)? 17

New Light of Myanmar. 12 February 2005.

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv?

Burma’s Myinggyan college students forced to join USDA. Democratic Voice of Burma. 15 August 2006)

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv?

jynf c d k i f ò zd ;

od k Œ r[k w f

ppf t m%m&S i f p epf . a'guf w d k i f r sm;

Mandalay Students Tricked into Joining USDA Member. Democratic Voice of Burma. 2004. 24

'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckeSpf azazmf0g&D 1 &uf?

USDA Rises Again. SHAN. 11 October 2003.

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? ESpfywfvnfoif;vkH;u|wf tpnf;ta0;odk@ wifoGif;onfh tpD&ifcHpm (1995)/ jynfaxmif pk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;?

The Union Solidarity and Development Association. David Steinberg. Burma Debate. Vol. 4, No.1. Jan-Feb. 1997. 29

AB-NA 960429. NDD Chronology 1996.

Human Rights Year Book 1996: Burma. NCGUB.Page-651.

Mobilization of the Masses: How Much of a Threat is the USDA? L.Hancock. Burma Issues.2003. 32

ESpfywfvnfoif;vkH;u|wf tpnf;ta0;odk@ wifoGif;onfh tpD&ifcHpm/ 1995 ckESpf/ jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;? 33

AB-NA 960317. NDD Chronology 1996.

USDA HQ’s Business and Fundraising. Inside Source. NDD. 2005.

}uH@zGH@tzGJ@ ADG'D,dkxkwfvkyfa&;vkyfief; vkyfudkifvm/ acwf+ydKif*sme,f/ 2006 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 16 &uf? 36 tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckeSpf arv? 37

USDA as powerful as the Local Intelligence Services in Arakan. BNI Weekly News. 24 November 2003. 38

Oppression on NLD Members Continue in Rangoon Thone Gwa. Democratic Voice of Burma. 10 December 2005. 39

'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf pufwifbmv 8 &uf?

Burma Pokokku USDA Secretary Uses Thugs to Cow People. Democratic Voice of Burma. 5 November 2005. 41 42 43

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? tifef'D'D jynfwGif;owif;/ 2007 ckESpf?

USDA as powerful as the Local Intelligence Services in Arakan. BNI Weekly News. 24 November 2004. 44

Burmese Civil Servants Sacked for Signing NLD Petition. Democratic Voice of Burma. 17 August 2004.

jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;. pnf;&kH;a&;pDrHcsuf/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f/ 2003 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 31 &uf?

'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 46

tzGJ@csKyftzGJ@0ifrsm; E_wfxGuf&ef }uH@zGH@tzGJ@ rufvkH;ay;pnf;&kH;/ 2007 ckESpf/ rwfv 28 &uf? 47

Burma’s Forced Registration-the Final Onslaught? The Irrawaddy. 01 December 1998. 48

Opposition Resignations Cited in Myanmar. The Associated Press. 6 May 2006.

Inside Source. NDD. 17 May 2006.

PDC News commentary. the Political Defiance Committee (PDC) of the National Council of the Union of Burma (NCUB). July 2007. 51

USDA Members Enticing NLD Members to Quit Party at Shwebo. Democratic Voice of Burma. 22 August 2006.

Burma Junta’s USDA Members Pressure NLD Members to Quit Party. Democratic Voice of Burma. 4 November 2005 53

Another NLD leader forced to resign by pressures from Burma junta. Democratic Voice of Burma. 27 April 2006.

Human Rights Yearbook 1999-2000: Burma. Human Rights Documentation Unit. NCGUB. p. 247. 55

Burma junta’s USDA members pressure NLD members to quit party. Democratic Voice of Burma. 04 November 2005. 56 NLD Members Forced to Join USDA in Eastern Burma. 19 August 2004. 57

NLD Member Refused Teaching Job in Southern Burma. Democractic Voice of Burma. 20 August 2004.

NLD Member Pressured to Quit NLD in Mandalay Division, Burma. 24 August 2004.

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf rwfv?

Voice of Burma. Issue No. 568. AUGUST 27, 2006

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf rwfv?

USDA: The Organization Strengthening the Military Rule in Burma (Myanmar). The Mon Forum. April 2005.

USDA Distrubs Formation of NLD Social Support Group. Burma News International. 26 April 2004. 64

NLD Probihited from Donating Rice to Flood-Hit Areas in Burma. Democratic Voice of Burma. 21 August 2004.

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? atmifvH+rdK@rSm vlxkudk }uHhzG@HxJ twif;qGJoGif;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2004 ckESpf/ =o*kwfv (11)&uf? tm%m&_;ppftkyfpku ema&;tzGJ@udk }uH@zGwfvufatmuf oGwfoGif;&ef }udK;yrf;/ Voice of Burma /2006 ckESpf =o*kwfv (22)&uf? 66

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atmifvH+rdK@rSm vlxkudk }uHhzG@HxJ twif;qGJoGif;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2004 ckESpf/ =o*kwfv (11)&uf? 68 atmifjrifaeonfh acsmuf+rdK@rS ema&;ulnDr_vkyfief;udk }uH@cdkifzGH@+zdK;a&; 0ifcs,fvS,f/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf/ Zlvdkifv 25 &uf? 69 apwemtcrJhqdkaom jynfcdkif+zdK;aq;cef;wdkuifzdk;aumufae/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm 17 &uf? 70 jynfaxmifpk}uHhcdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif; ESpfywfvnfoif;vkH;u|wftpnf;ta0; (2005) rS aumufE_wfazmfjycsuf? 71 apwemtcrJhqdkaom jynfcdkif+zdK;aq;cef; wdkuifzdk;aumufae/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 17 &uf? 72

Burma USDA members told to take control of local activities. 9 September 2005.

}uH@zGH@u tusOf;om;rsm;udk "gwfykH&kduf+yD; rdom;pkudk aiGaxmufyHh/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (6)&uf? 74 EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rdom;pkrsm;udk tm%mykdifrsm;u +cdrf;ajcmuf/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmtoH/ 2006 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (23)&uf? 75

USDA Members Told to Take Control of Local Activities. Democratic Voice of Burma. 9 September 2005.

Red Cross Hopes to be Left Alone. The Irrawaddy. 31 January 2006.

e,fjcm;rJhq&m0efrsm;tzGJ@ jrefrmEdkifiHrSxGuf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf/ rwfv (30)&uf? 78

Red Cross Hopes to Be Left Alone. Irrawaddy. 31 January 2006.

jrefrmtusOf;axmifrsm;wGif aq;0g; jywfvwfae+yD/ Voice of Burma / 2006 ckESpf arv (4)&uf? EdkfifiHwum=uufajceD&kH;awGydwfzdk@ etzppftkyfpk trdef@xkwf/ (27)&uf?

RFA/

2006 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv

ICRC Might Be Allowed to Inspect Burmese Prisons Freely Again. Democratic Voice of Burma. 12 January 2006. 80

EdkfifiHwum=uufajceD&kH;awGydwfzdk@ etzppf tkyfpk trdef@xkwf/ RFA/ 2006 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (27)&uf? 81 tjynfjynfqdkif&m =uufajceD&kH;rsm; jyefzGifhcGifh&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf 'DZifbmv (15)&uf? 82 jrefrmtusOf;axmifrsm;wGif aq;0g;jywfvwfae+yD/ Voice of Burma / 2006 ckESpf arv (4)&uf?

'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 83

/2006 ckESpf arv 24 &uf? jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif; ESpfywfvnfoif;vkH;u|wftpnf;ta0;/ 2005 ckESpf? Voice of Burma

Monthly Human Rights Situation Report. Mergui-Tavoy Information Department. KNU. October 2003. 86

nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ rwufrae&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf pufwifbmv 13 &uf? 87 jrpf}uD;em;wGif wefjyefoydwfarSmuf&ef e,frS 0efxrf;/ }uH@zGH@awG ac:,lvlpk/ 'Drdku&uf wpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf pufwifbmv 29 &uf? 88 etznDvmcHaxmufcHyGJudk ucsifvli,frsm;uef@uGuf/ rZdร lrowif;Xme/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 8 &uf? 89 trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf. 2004ckESpf/ ar (27)&ufae@&ufpGJyg a=ujimcsuftrSwf-6 (5ยง03)? 90 jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unff/ 2003 ckESpf/ arv (29)&ufae@n/ rkH&Gm+rdK@qdkif;bkwfwifyGJwGif ajym=um;cJhaomrdef@cGef;rS? 91

Human Rights Yearbook 1999-2000: Burma. Human Rights Documentation Unit. NCGUB. p. 247. 248. 92

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf rwfv? bDbDpDxHodk@ ay;pmrsm; (2)/ 1994 ckESpf/ azazmf0g&Dv (21)&uf? 94 awmifwGif;}uD;nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJta=umif;/ MIZZIMA news /2007 ckESpf atmufwdk bm 2 &uf? 95 rE Wav;wdkif;u +rKd@e,fESpfckwGifvnf; nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ jyKvky/f MIZZIMA news /2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 3 &uf? 96 yckuULoHCmawmfrsm;u arwWmydk@ vrf;av#mufqENjyyGJudk jyefvnfpwif+yD/ 'Drdku&uf wpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 31 &uf? 97 nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJudkoGm; um;wpD;arSmuf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 9 &uf? 98 rauG;+rdK@nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ wufa&muf&ef +rdK@e,ftcsKd@ t"rRtac:cH&/ MIZZIMA News /2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 5 &uf? 99 bDbDpDxHodk@ ay;pmrsm; (1)/ 1994 ckESpf az azmf0g&Dv (21) &uf? 100 nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJudkoGm; um;wpfpD;arSmuf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 9 &uf? 93

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101

ppftpdk;&nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJrSm ausmif;om;vli,frsm; rdk;rd+yD;zsm;em/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 10 &uf? 102

Human Rights Year Book 1994: Burma. NCGUB. Page-124.

103

The Burmese Generals are Lying to the World. Rhododendron News. Volume VI. No. V. September-October 2003. Chin Human Rights Organization. 20 October 2003.

104

nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ rwufrae&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf pufwifbmv 13 &uf? 105 rauG;+rdK@nDvmcH axmufcHyGJ wufa&muf&ef +rdK@e,ftcsKd@ t"rRtac:cH&/ MIZZIMA News /2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 5 &uf? 106 erfhcrf;qENazmfxkwfyGJ wtdrfwa,muf rwufrae&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 12 &uf? 107 etz&J@ EdkifiHa&;vrf;jyajrykHaxmufcHyGJawG jynfe,feJ@wdkif;toD;oD;rSm qufwdkufjyKvkyf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf/ atmufwdkbmv 21 &uf? 108

SLORC Activities in Nyaunglebin District. An Independent Report by the Karen Human Rights Group. 22 February 1994. 109

rE Wav;wdkif;u +rKd@e,fESpfckwGifvnf; nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ jyKvkyf/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 3 &uf?

MIZZIMA news

110

Burma Human Rights Yearbook. Human Rights Documentation Unit. NCGUB. 1994. 111

Forced Backing for Road Map. Irrawaddy. 22 September 2003.

112

Sieg Heli, SPDC: Burma Junta Thugs Hold Mass Rallies for Military Rule. Democratic Voice of Burma. 12 January 2006.

113

Adkvfcif!Gef@udk axmufcH&ef vmbfxdk;jrLqG,f/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf/ atmufwdkbmv 19 &uf? 114 yJcl;nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJ wtdrfwa,muf t"rRwufa&mufcdkif;/ aps;qdkif;rsm;vnf; ydwf&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv (16)&uf? 115 twkta,mifaxmufcHyGJ bdkuav;ESif jr0wDwGifjyKvkyf/ &kd;r 3/ 2007 ckESpf atmuf wdkbm 25 &uf? 116 aiGusyf 3000 &I qENjy/ Radio Free Aasia /2007 ckESpf azazmf0g&D 2 &uf? 117 jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm/ 2007 ckESpf/ azazmf0g&Dv 1 &uf? 118 erfhcrf;qEN azmfxkwfyGJ wtdrfwa,muf rwufrae&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmtoH/ 2007 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 12 &uf?

'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 119

tar&dueftm;udk; ykqdef&kd;qdkifbkwfrsm;udk pD;yGm;a&;a=umfjimrsm;tay: Y wifxm;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 5 &uf? 120 anmifESpfyifaxmufcHyGJrsm; usif;y&efpDpOf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 2 &uf? 121 oef;a&$ema&;ydk@a&; 'dk@ta&; atmfcJhol 3 OD; tzrf;cH&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf/ Edk0ifbmv 4 &uf? 122 awmifwGif;}uD;nDvmcHaxmufcHyGJta=umif;/ MIZZIMA news /2007 ckESpf atmufwdk bmv 2 &uf? 123

Report Card, Burma. 1 December 2001-31 March 2002. Altsean Burma. July 2002.

124

The Burmese Military Intelligence Extorts Money from the Fish Boats for NGOs. Narinjara News.

125

a&eHacsmif;+rdK@e,f }uH@zGH@tzGJ@0ifawGu a'ocHrsm;tm; rdkufa=u;cGJ/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmh toH/ 2004 ckeSpf/ ZGefv (22)&uf? 126 jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;ESpfywfvnf oif;vkH;u|wftpnf;ta0;/ 2005 ckESpf? 127 a&eHacsmif;+rdK@e,f }uH@zGH@tzGJ@0ifawGu a'ocHrsm;tm; rdkufa=u;cGJ/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmh toH/ 2004 ckeSpf/ ZGefv (22) &uf? 128 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmv (30)&uf? 129

People’s Land Confisc-ated for Sale in USDA Fund Drive. BNI Weekly News. 15 December 2003. 130

Burmese Authorities Misappropriates Money for Children’s Education. Demoratic Voice of Burma. 11 April 2005. 131

tezwdk@ avab;tultnDay;r_udk jzwfpm;/ rauseyfI 0ef}uD;csKyf AdkvfcsKyfcif!$ef@xH wdkif=um;olrsm;tm; zrf;qD;/ Narinjara News /2004 ckESpf/ =o*kwfv (9)&uf? 132 }uH@zGH@tzGJ@u ausmif;&HykHaiGudk tvGJokH;pm;vkyf/ &kd;r-3/ 2007 ckESpf Zlv_difv 6 &uf? 133 &kH;aqmuf&ef aiGodef;(50)udk acsmuf}uH@zGH@pnf;&kH;a&;rSL;ESifhtzGJ@ udk,fusKd;okH;/ 'Drdku&uf wpfjrefrmhtoH/ 24 atmufwdkbm 2006? 134

Crime Against Humanity: Dirty Politics on the Hands of the Burmese Junta. Banya Hongsar. 18 June 2004. 135

EdkifiHwumtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk vdrfnmvSnfhjzm;&ef rGefjynfe,f/ rk'kH+rdK@e,fwGif oifwef; ay;/ Voice of Burma /2003 ckESpf rwfv 20 &uf?)

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136

jynfaxmifpk+uH@ckdifa&;ESifhzGH@+zdK;a&;toif; ESpfywfvnfoifvkH; u|wftpnf;ta0; (2007) wGif ajym=um;cJhaom AdkvfcsKyfrSL;=uD;oef;a&$rdef@cGef;rS aumufE_wfcsuf/ jrefrmhtvif;owif; pm/ 2007 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 17 &uf? 137 jynfcdkif+zdK;toif;. 2003 ckESpf/ 'DZifbmv 31 &uf ae@pGJyg awmifOuUvmypDrHcsufrS aumufEkwfcsuf? 138 etzu tzGJ@csKyf+zdKcGJa&; enf;AsL[mopfrsm;csrSwf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmtoH/ 2005 ckESpf {+yDv 20 &uf? 139 jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m ukvor*~vl@tcGifh ta&;txl;udk,fpm;vS,f rpPwmyDnJ&dk;. tpD&ifcH pm/2007 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 18 &uf?) 140 etzowif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJ (7 §2006)/ 2006 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 2 &uf/ jrefrmhtvif;o wif;pm? 141 tifef'D'D jynfwGif;owif;? 142 pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm; jynfolwdk@udk apmifh=unhfr_&yfqdkif;/ acwf+ydKif*sme,f/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm v 11 &uf? 143 pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm; jynfolwdk@udk apmifh=unhfr_&yfqdkif;/ acwf+ydKif*sme,f/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm v 11 &uf? 144

The Union Solidarity and Development Association. David Steinberg. Burma Debate. Vol.4, No.1. Jan-Feb. 1997. Quote from Gen. Than Shwe, 1996. 145

Exposing the Real USDA. NCGUB Information Unit. NCGUB. The USDA Factor: The Thuggish Civilian Wing of the Military Junta Must not Be Overlooked During Burma’s Political Transition. Min Zin. The Irrawaddy Vol.11, No.6. July 2003. 146

147

jzL;+rdK@e,fvkH;u|wf jynfol@ppfoifwef;ay;/ rZdÆrowif;/ 2005 ckESpf rwfv 13 &uf? jynfy&efumuG,f&ef wEdkifiHvkH;twkdif;twmeJ@ etzppfAdkvfcsKyfawGu oifwef;ay;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf Zlv_difv 24 &uf? 149 tifef'D'D jynfwGif;owif;/26-3-2007? 150 jynfy&efumuG,f&ef wEdkifiHvkH; twkdif;twmeJ@ etzppfAdkvfcsKyfawGu oifwef;ay;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf Zlv_difv 24 &uf? 151 jynfy&efumuG,f&ef 0efxrf;rsm;tm; ppfoifwef;ay;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 13 &uf? 148

152

Police deliver military training to civilians. Democractic Voice of Burma. 30 October 2007. 153

Mon State PDC Ordered Chaungzon USDA to Form USDA Battalion in Town. Burma News International. 15 October 2004.

'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 154

tifef'D'D jynfwGif;owif;/ 21-3-2007?

155

Recruiting Civilians in Village Communities to Attend Short-Term Basic Military Training. Independent Mon News Agency. 18 June 2003. 156

SPDC trains over 200 Chin people. Khonumthung News. 12 September 2006.

157

&Gmomrsm; ppfoifwef;wuf&ef tm%mydkifrsm;u trdef@xkwf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf arv 7 &uf? 158 jynfy&efumuG,f&ef wEkdifiHvkH;twdkif;twmESifh etzppfAdkvfcsKyfawGu oifwef;ay;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf Zlv_difv 24 &uf? 159 jzL;+rdK@e,fvkH;u|wf jynfol@ppfoifwef;ay;/ rZdÆrowif;/ 2005 ckESpf rwfv 13 &uf? 160 &cdkifjynfe,fY t&HwyfzGJ@tm; jynfol@ppfESifh rD;owfrsm;jzifh zGJ@pnf;rnf[kqdk/ ed&OP&m owif;/ 2006 ckESpf =o*kwf v 12 &uf? 161 &ckdifurf;vGefwGif; etzu ppfpcef;rsm;wdk;csJ@/ Mizzima News/ 2005 ckESpf pufwifbm v 8 &uf? 162

Burmese Army forms people’s militias in border area. Narinjara News. 14 February 2007. 163

Two Militia Trainings Held in Maungdaw inquire. Narinjara News. 30 October 2007.

164

The Game Plan of the Nazi Generals in Burma. Weekly Inside News Commentary No. 227. NDD. 9 December 2005.

165

}uH@zGH@tzGJ@axmufvSrf;a&;wm0efyg xrf;aqmif/ acwf+ydKif*sme,f/ 2006 ckESpf 'DZifbm 29 &uf? 166

Crime Against Humanity: Dirty Politics on Hands of Burmese Junta. Banya Hongsar. 18 June 2003. Monland.

167

USDA: Act Locally and Lie Globally. Banya Hongsar. KAO WAO News No. 30. November 1-13, 2002. 168

Moles on Moles: Burma USDA Warns Members against News Leak. Democratic Voice of Burma. 29 June 2005.

169

jynfyrD'D,mawGudk etzu tD;enf;eJ@ wdkufrnf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf arv 4 &uf? 170 jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm/ 2006 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 24 &uf? 171

Burma USDA members to be given military intelligence courses. Democratic Voice of Burma. 13 September 2006. 172

tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv?

173

USDA: Act Locally and Lie Globally. Banya Hongsar. KAO WAO News No. 30. November 1-13, 2002.

174

Confidential News of the USDA. Inside Source. NDD. 15 January 2005.

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175

ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk w&m;pGJ&ef tezu tcsuftvuf&SmazG/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 19 &uf? 176 tifef'D'D tifwmAsL;/ 2006 ckESpf arv? 177

Inside Source. NDD. 1 May 2006.

178

udkoufEdkifOD;tr_tm; +rdK@awmfowif;pmrSm vdrfvnfIazmfjy/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2006 ckESpf rwfv 23 &uf? 179 jynfwGif;owif;oHk;oyfcsuf-trSwfpOf (292)/ tifef'D'D/ 2007 ckESpf {+yDv 28 &uf? tm%mydkifrsm;. 0kdif;0ef;&kdufESufjcif;cH&olwOD;tygt0if &Gmom; 6 OD; w&m;pGJqdkjcif;cH&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/2007 ckESpf {+yDv 27 &uf? 180 jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm/ 2007 ckESpf {+yDv 23 &uf? 181 ajrmufOuUvmy &,u&kH;Y zrf;qD;cHxm;&pOf vlwOD; aoqkH;r_jzpf/ {&m0wDtifwmeuf r*~Zif;/ 2007 ckESpf rwfv 19 &uf? 182 t&yfom;wpfOD; aoqkH;r_Y oufaoxGufqdkrnfholudk }uH@zGH@rsm;u vdkufvHzrf;qD;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmtoH/ 2007 ckESpf rwfv 21 &uf? 183 =unfhjrifwdkifpcef;rSL; vuf&JZuf&J ESdyfpuf!Sif;yef;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmtoH/ 2006 ckESpf ZGefv 13 &uf? 184 etz au|;arG;xm;wJh pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm; vlxkudk vuf&JZuf&JtEdkifusifh/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf {+yDv 6 &uf? 185

Rangoon Sanchaung NLD Youth Attacked by Junta Thugs. Democratic Voice of Burma. 21 August 2005. 186

Burmese Local Authority on Trial in Rangoon Hlain Thaya. Democratic Voice of Burma. 30 August 2005.) 187

oHvufoD;jzihf txdk;cH&onfh vGwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;. tr_udkqufvufppfaq;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf =o*kwfv 14 &uf? 188 jynf+rdK@wGif wuUodkvfausmif;om;wpfOD; }uH@zGH@tzGJ@wcsKd@. &dkufESufcH&/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2004 ckESpf pufwifbm 1 &uf? 189

Prome University Students Beaten Up By Free-Range Thugs. Democratic Voice of Burma. 15 March 2004. 190

Burma Arakan Muslin Student Killed by ‘Unknown’ Thugs. Democratic Voice of Burma. 4 September 2005.

191

Car Victim Told to Drop Charge Against Burma Junta Official. Democratic Voice of Burma. 17 July 2004.

192

}uH@zGH@tzGJ@.0dkif;0ef;&dkufESufr_a=umifh rE Wav;rS vli,fwOD; aq;&kHa&muf/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf {+yDv 12 &uf?

'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 193

“New” Strategies Dreamt Up by the Burma Junta to Destroy the NLD. Democratic Voice of Burma. 22 June 2005.

194

Human Rights Year Book 2001-2002: Burma. NCGUB.

195

USDA Sets Village on Fire and Kidnap 32 Muslim Students in Burma. Muslim Information Center of Burma. News Story 097. February 4, 2003.

196

Hindu Temple Burnt Down in Central Burma by Junta Thugs. Democratic Voice of Burma. 2 July 2005.

197

jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m ukvor*~vl@tcGifhta&;txl;udk,fpm;vS,f rpPwmyDnJ&dk;. tpD&ifcH pm/2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm 18 &uf? 198 jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m ukvor*~vl@tcGifhta&;txl;udk,fpm;vS,f rpPwmyDnJ&dk;. tpD&ifcH pm/2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm 18 &uf? 199 jrefrmEdkifiHvkH;qdkif&m oHCmhwyfaygif;pktzGJ@}uD;. a=ujimcsuf/ 1369 ckESpf 0gacgifvjynfh ausmf 12 &uf (9-9-2007) we*FaEGae@/ pmtrSwf (1§2007)? 200 jrefrmEdkifiHvkH;qdkif&m oHCmhwyfaygif;pktzGJ@}uD;. a=ujimcsuf/ 1369 ckESpf 0gacgifvjynfh ausmf 12 &uf (9-9-2007) we*FaEGae@/ pmtrSwf (1§ 2007)? 201 oydwf+zdKcGif;&ef ppfwyfvkH;0rokH;a&;/ pGrf;tm;&Sif }uH@zGwfrsm;omokH;a&;/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf pufwifbmv 10 &uf? 202 tifef'D'D jynfwGif;owif;? 203

Irrawaddy. 24.8.2007.

204

etzowif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJ (2§2007)/ jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 4 &uf? 205 jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m ukvor*~ vl@tcGifhta&; txl;udk,fpm;vS,f rpPwmyDnJ&dk;.tpD&if cHpm/2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm 18 &uf?) 206 etzowif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJ (2§2007)/ jrefrmhtvif;/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 4 &uf? 207 aiG=um,Hq&mawmf ausmif;wdkufudk jyefvnfa&muf&Sd owif;okH;ae/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf 'DZifbm 17 &uf? 208 *sDwDtkdifwGif zrf;qD;xm;onfh oHCmawmfrsm;udk &dkufESufcJhonfh pGrf;tm;&Sifpm&if;/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2007 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 7 &uf? 209

The Story About Poe Suu. Burma Update By PDC/NCUB. 29 November 2007.

210

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Burma Human Rights Yearbook. Human Rights Documentation Unit. NCGUB. 1996. 225

The Second Premilinary Report of the Ad hoc Commission on Depayin Massacre(Burma). The Ad hoc commission on Depayin Massacre (Burma). May 2003. p.20. 226

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'Drdkua&pDESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;tiftm;p m;pkk 227

rif;vS+rdK@e,f tifeft,fvf'DtzGJ@csKyf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0; vkyfydkifcGifhydwf/ a':atmifqef; pk=unf }udKqdkol0efxrf; tvkyfjzKwfcH&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf arv 7 &uf? 228 OD;at;omatmif. &ckdifc&D;pOfrSm axmufcHolawGudk &mxl;rS xkwfypf/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 7 &uf? 229 a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifhtzGJ@ uav;+rdK@uae qufvufxGufcGmvmcJh&m *ef@a*g+rdK@odk@ jyefvnfa&muf&Sd/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf {+yDv 10 &uf? 230 a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifhtzGJ@ csif;jynfe,fygwDpnf;&kH;a&;c&D; pwifxGufcGm/ &efukef AdkvfcsKyf}uD;rsm;.vufatmufcH a'oqdkif&mtm%mydkifrsm;. aESmuf,Sufjcif;cH&/ vGwv f yf aomtm&StoH/ 2003 ckESpf {+yDv 3 &uf? 231 'DyJ,if;vkyf}uHr_ ta&;,laqmif&Gufa&;aumfr&Sif/ 'kwd,}udrfy%mrtpD&ifcHpm/ 2003 ckESpf/ 'DZifbmv/ pm 22-27? 232 rkH&GmwGif aESmuf,Suf&ef apmifhaewJh }uH@zGH@vli,ftm;vkH;u a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk vuftkyfcsDuefawmh/ RFA /2003 ckESpf arv 29 &uf? 233 'DyJ,if;vkyf}uHr_ ta&;,l aqmif&Gufa&;aumfr&Sif/ 'kwd,t}udrf y%mrtpD&ifcHpm/ 2003 ckESpf/ 'DZifbmv/ pm 22-27? 234 ucsifjynfe,fc&D;pOfrSm aESmuf,SufwJh tiftm; 300 &Sd }uH@zGH@tzGJ@0ifawG[m wzJG@wnf; jzpf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf arv 21 &uf? 235 'DyJ,if;vkyf}uHr_ ta&;,laqmif&Gufa&;aumfr&Sif/ 'kwd,t}udrf y%mrtpD&ifcHpm/ 2003 ckESpf/ 'DZifbmv/ pm 22-27? 236 rwW&mtzGJ@csKyf0ifrsm;udk 0dkif;0ef;&kdufESuf&ef }uH@zGH@tzGJ@0ifrsm;}uHpnf/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmh toH/ 2007 ckESpf {+yDv 30 &uf? 237 trsKd;om;'Drdk ua&pDtzGJ@csKyf ajyma&;qdkcGifh&Sdol OD;vGif. ajymqdkcsufrsm;ESifh a':atmifqef;pk=unf. 2002 'DZifbm(31) &ufae@ owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJrsm;t&? 238 a':pkc&D;pOf armfawmf,OftultnDay;cJhol vdkifpiftydwfcH&/ 'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrmhtoH/ 2003 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 1 &uf? 239

The Second Preliminary Report of the Ad hoc Commission on Depayin Massacre (Burma). The Ad hoc Commission on Depayin Massacre (Burma). May 2003. p.144.

240

'DyJ,if;vkyf}uHr_ ta&;,laqmif&Gufa&;aumfr&Sif/ 'kwd,t}udrf y%mrtpD&ifcHpm/ 2003 ckESpf arv? 241

Voice of Burma. Issue No. 607 MAY 27, 2007.

242

The Second Preliminary Report of the Ad hoc Commission on Depayin Massacre (Burma). The Ad hoc Commission on Depayin Massacre (Burma). May 2003. p.197.

243

The Game Plan of the Nazi Generals in Burma. Weekly Inside News Commentary No. 227. NDD. 9 December 2005.

244

USDA is Ready to Be a Legal Political party. Independent Mon News Agency. 6 October 2003. 245

Crime Aganist Humanity: Dirty Politics on the Hands of Burmese Junta. Banya Hongsar. 18 June 2003. Monland.

246

The USDA Factor: The Thuggish Civilian WIng of the Military Junta Must Not Be Overlooked During Burma’s Political Transition. Min Zin. The Irrawaddy Vol.11, No.6. July 2003. 247

The Game Plan of the Nazi Generals in Burma. Weekly Inside News Commentary No. 227. NDD. 9 December 2005. 248 The USDA Factor: The Thuggish Civilian WIng of the Military Junta Must Not Be Overlooked During Burma’s Political Transition. Min Zin. The Irrawaddy Vol.11, No.6. July 2003. 249

Mobilization of the Masses: How Much of a Threat is the USDA? L. Hancock. Burma Issues. 2003.

250

Letter to Japan Foreign Minister Koumura. Human Rights Watch. 15 January 2008.

251

USDA Members Attend Cuban Solidarity Meeting. Mizzima News. 25 January 2006.

252

UN Officials Concerned by USDA Briefing. Clive Parker. The Irrawaddy. 10 October 2005. 253

NLD Expresses Dismay over ASEAN Envoy’s Burma Visit. Democratic Voice of Burma. 25 March 2006. 254

anmifESpfyifnDvmcHudk azazmf0g&D 17 &ufrSm jyefpr,fvdk@ etza=ujim/ 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH/ 2005 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 12 &uf?

255

Interim Report Card: July 2004-February 2005. Altsean Burma. March 2005.

256

SPDC Picked USDA Members to Represent Arakan State at the National Convention. Narinjara News. 11 February 2003.

257

USDA Members Attend the National Convention. Democratic Voice of Burma. 10 May 2004. 258 Money for National Convention Delegates Families. Democratic Voice of Burma. 17 June 2004. 259

Compulsory Collections for Convention Families. Democratic Voice of Burma. 4 June 2004.

260

The Game Plan of the Nazi Generals in Burma. Weekly Inside News Commentary No. 227. NDD. 9 December 2005.

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