'kghns bUlkfu;r
5
vk;rqYykfgy mt+ek lS¸;nqy myek ekSykuk lS0 vyh ud+h ud+oh rkck ljkg
ik¡pok¡ ckc gqlSu fcu vyhv0l0dh foyknr vkSj bCrsnkbZ ft+Unxh lu3 fgtjh ¼ls½ lu 11 fgtjh gt+jr eksgEen eqLrQ+kl0v0 dks eDds ls fgtjr djds enhus esa vk;s gq, rhljk cjl FkkA1 fd 5 'kkcku dks gqluS fcu vyh dh foyknr gqbAZ 2 gt+jr Q+kfrek t+gjkl0v0 vius finjs cqtx q+ oZ kj fjlkyrekc dh f[k+ner esa ekSynw dks ysdj gkft+j gqbAaZ gt+jr us gqluS uke j[kk vkSj ,d es<a s ¼HksM½+ dh d+cq kZuh ds lkFk vd+hd+k fd;kA3 vc iSxE+ cjs bLykel0v0 dh xksn tks bLyke dh rjfc;r dk xgokjk Fkh mu nks cPpksa dh ijofj'k dk ejdt+ cuh] ,d glu vkSj nwljs gqluS v0l0A mudh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus ,d rjQ+ ukuk dk mlo&,&gluk ¼usd lhjr½ Fkk tks ckfu;s bLyke Fks] nwljh rjQ+ cki tks eqtkfgn o eqgkfQ+ts+ bLyke Fks vkSj rhljh rjQ+ ek¡ tks rCd+ & ,&[+ k okrhu ds fy;s rkyhekrs iSx+Ecjl0v0 dh veyh rjtqeku cuus ds fy;s iSnk gqbZ FkhaA c&d+ky S bd+cky% et+j;s rLyhe jk gkfly crwy eknjk¡ jk mlo&, dkfey crwy 1 2
dkQ+ h ft@1] is t @394 ed+ k fryq r rkfychu is t @54] bj’kkn
tqykbZ&2017
rjtqek% efLtn esa ik¡pksa oD+r uekt+s tekvr iSxE+ cj ds clhjr vkQ+jha eok,t+ ¼okt+½ vkSj [+kRq cs] eqlyekuksa dk t+kd S + o 'kkSd+ vkSj tks'kks [k+jks'k vkSj ?kj esa jkr fnu bcknr o ft+Øs bykgh dh vkokt+]as rdchj dh lnk;s]a ogh dh vk;rs]a x+to+ kr ¼tax½as ds rt+djs ]s bLyke dks rjD+dh+ nsus ds e'kojs vkSj ;k fQj x+jhcksa dh [k+cjxhjh] det+kjs ksa dh nLrxhjh vkSj et+yew ksa dh nknjlh cl gj oD+r ;gh ft+Ø gS ;gh fQ+ØA ;gh fd+Lls gSa vkSj ;gh dgkfu;k¡A ,d rjQ+ fQ+rjr ds e[+klwl vfr;s Fks] nwljh tkfuc ;g uwjkuh vkSj :gkuh ekgkSy vkSj bl ij rjfc;rs iSxE+ cjA ,sls cyUn eqvfYye fd ftudk ed+lns fjlkyr gh d+jq vku ds ,yku ds eqrkfcd+ ^^rt+fd;&,&uqQl w+ ¼fnyksa dh ikdht+xh½ vkSj rkyhes fdrkc o fgder FkkA4vkSj vkius [k+nq Hkh ,syku fd;k Fkk fd edkfjes v[k+ykd+ dh rdehy esjk vlyh ulcqy ,Su ¼ed+ln½ gSA fQj D;ksd a j eqefdu Fkk fd jlwy vius vgyscrS dh rjfc;r esa bl Q+tZ+ dks ut+j vUnkt+ dj nsrs tks c&gSfl;rs eqvfYyes ¼mLrkn½ v[k+ykd+ ds c&gSfl;rs cqt+qxZ [k+kunku ds vkSj c&gSfl;r ,d iSxE+ cj ds vki ij vk,n gksrk FkkA pqukups gt+jr us bl defluh gh ds vkye esa bu cPpksa dks vius v[k+ykd+ o vkSlkQ+ dk uewuk cuk fn;k vkSj mu vkbZuksa esa tks d+nq jr dh rjQ+ d+qvkZus djhe lwj, cd+jk vk;r@129 o 151] vkys bejku vk;r 165] tq e k vk;r@2 4
3
bj’kkn
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
5
ls deky dk tkSgj ysdj vk;s Fks viuh lhjr dk iwjk vDl mrkj fn;kA mUgha t+kr o flQ+kr dh e[k+ll w cyfUn;ksa dk ;g urhtk Fkk fd jlwyl0v0 bu vius uoklksa ds lkFk x+jS ekewyh eksgCcr j[krs Fks ftlds eqtk+ gjkr ¼bt+gkj½ rkjh[k+ vkSj gnhl dh fdrkcksa esa ;dlk¡ rkSj ij ntZ gSAa blds vykok vki nwljksa dks Hkh buls eqgCcr dh rkdhn Q+jekrs FksA vkidk d+ky S Fkk fd ftlus gluv0l0 o gqlSuv0l0 ls eqgCcr j[kh] mlus eq> ls eqgCcr j[kh vkSj ftlus mudks nq'eu j[kk mlus eq>s nq'eu j[kkA5 vki vYykg dks xokg djrs Fks fd eSa buls bUrsgkbZ eqgCcr djrk gw¡A6 exj bu reke ckrksa ds lkFk lkFk gqluS v0l0 vius ukuk dh cyUn lhjr] Q+jk,t+ ds ckjs esa ,gfreke vkSj bLyke ds eqrvfYyd+ vkids bUgsekd ¼yxu½ dks ns[krs gq, ;g e'kkfgnk djrs Fks fd jlwy vYykg gedks cgqr pkgrs gSAa exj gels T+;knk vki vius nhu ;kuh bLyke vkSj mlds vkbZu o 'kjhvr dks pkgrs gSAa blfy;s vxj bl nhu vkSj 'kjhvr ij dksbZ oD+r iM+s rks iSxE+ cj r¸;kj gksx a s fd ge dks bl ij fulkj dj nsAa lu 10 fgtjh esa utjku ¼;eu½ ds bZlkb;ksa ds lkFk ,d rjg ds :gkuh eqdk+ cys dk ekSdk+ vk;k ftldk uke ^^eqckgyk** gSA ;kuh nksuksa Q+jhd+ ¼nksuksa rjQ+ ds yksx½ vYykg ls nqvk djsa fd >wBs ij vt+kc ukft+y gks] bl ekSds+ ij jlwyl0v0 r'kjhQ+ ys x, rks bl rjg fd gkFk esa vyh bCus vch rkfycv0l0 dk gkFk FkkA glu o gqluS v0l0 vkxs vkxs Fks vkSj Q+kfrek t+gjkl0v0 ihNs vk jgh FkhaA 5 6
lq u u bCus ektk ft@1] is t @33 lgh eq f Lye ft@2] is t @282
tqykbZ&2017
utjku okys ;g uwjkuh eUt+j ns[kdj ejÅc ¼Mjs½ gq, vkSj f[k+jkt ¼VSDl½ nsus ds fy;s vkeknk gks x,A7 t+kfgj gS fd iSxE+ cjs [k+nq k bl eqfge dks rUgk lj dj ldrs FksA fQj d+jq vku dh rljhg8 ¼okt+kgr½ ds eqrkfcd+ jlwy vYykgl0v0 vius vgyscrS dks lkFk ys tkus ij D;ksa ekewj gq,\ bldk ed+ln ,d rjQ+ gd+ ds dkfey uqekbUnksa dk [k+Yd+ ¼yksxks½a ls rvk:Q+ Fkk rks nwljh rjQ+ rkyhe o rjfc;r dk vUnkt+k Hkh FkkA xks;k vHkh ls [k+kunkus jlwy dh bu gfLr;ksa ij ft+Eesnkjh dk ckj Mkyk tk jgk Fkk fd t+:jr ds oD+r fgQ+kt+rs bLyke dh bu gh ls mEehn gSA jlwyl0v0 bu esa ls ,d ,d dk gkFk idM+ dj dg jgs Fks fd ns[kks vkt rks eSa [k+nq ekStnw gw¡A eSa rqedks vius lkFk fy;s tk jgk gw¡ ysfdu vxj fdlh oD+r esa eSa ekStnw u gw¡ rks rqe blh rjg fgQ+kt+rs bLyke ds fy;s fudy [kM+s gksuk ftl rjg eSa fudyk gw¡A vkt ds bl vey ls ;g Hkh okt+gs gks x;k fd bLyke dh uqljr vkSj f[k+ner ds ekSds+ ij enZ] vkSjr] toku] cPpk dksbZ eqLrLuk ¼vyx½ ugha gks ldrkA vkSj t+:jr ij gj ,d dks bl ed+ln esa lQ+Z gksuk ykft+e gSA lcls deflu bl tekvr esa gqluS v0l0 Fks vkSj ,slk ekywe gks jgk gS fd tSls bl ekSds+ ij lkFk ykuk d+nq jr ls bl eqLrfD+cy (Future) dh reghn gS fd mUgha dks veyh rkSj ij nksckjk bl felky ds is'k djus dk ekSdk+ feysxk ftls vkt is'k fd;k x;k gSA gt+jr eksgEen eqLrQ+kl0v0 ls c<+dj dksbZ 'k[+l tkSgj 'kukl ¼[k+fw c;ksa dk tkuus okyk½ ugha gks ldrk FkkA vki tkurs Fks fd vki 7
bj’kkn] is t @87 lwj, vkys bejku vk;r@61
8
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
6
ds rkyhekr dh fgQ+kt+r fdu ds t+fj;s ls gksxhA blfy;s eq[k+rfyQ+ lwjrksa ls viuh mEer dks fgnk;r dh fd esjs vgyscrS dh iSjoh djrs jgukA dHkh Q+jek;k fd eSa rqe esa nks fxjk¡ d+n pht+as NksMr+ k gw¡A tc rd rqe bu ls reLlqd ¼tqM½s+ j[kksxs xqejkgh ls egQ+t w + jgksxAs bu esa ls ,d d+jq vku gS vkSj nwljs esjs vgyscrS A9 vkSj dHkh Q+jek;k fd esjs vgyscrS dh felky d'kfr&,&uwg dh lh gSA tks bl d’rh ij lokj gqvkA mlus futkr ikbZ vkSj tks :xnkZa ¼xqejkg½ gks og nfj;k&, gykdr esa x+dZ+ gqvkA10 [k+l q fw l;r ds lkFk vius nksuksa uoklksa ds ckjs esa dHkh Q+jek;k% ^^gluv0l0 o gqluS v0l0 tokukus vgys tUur ds ljnkj gSaA**11 bldk eryc ;gh gks ldrk gS fd bu nksuksa dk fdjnkj bruk cyUn gS vkSj jgsxk fd budh lhjrs ft+Unxh dh veyh gSfl;r ls rd+yhn gh ¼muds fn[kk, gq, jkLrs ij½ jt+k&,&bykgh dk lcc cu ldrh gS vkSj dHkh Q+jek;k fd ^^;g nksuksa esjs Q+jt+Un beke ¼okftcqy brkvr½ gSa [+okg [kM+s gksa vkSj [+okg cSBAs **12 vk;xk ,d eqLrfD+cy tc ,d bu esa ls lqyg djds cSBk gksxk vkSj ,d ftgkn esa [kM+k gksxkA iSx+Ecjs bLykel0v0 ds bj'kkn ls nksuksa ds rt+sZ vey ds viuh viuh txg lgh gksus ij jkS'kuh iM+x s hA blds lkFk [k+kl beke gqluS v0l0 ds ckjs esa tks gnhlsa gSa muesa ls ,d ;g gS fd gqluS v0l0 eq>ls gS vkSj eSa gqluS ls gw¡A**13 eq L un vgen gEcy 11 bCus ektk ft@1] is t @29 9
13
10 12
evkfjQ+ bCus d+qrSck bj’kkn is t @204
bCus ektk ft@2] ist@33
tqykbZ&2017
;kuh esjk dke vkSj esjk uke nqfu;k esa gqluS v0l0 dh c&nkSyr d+k;e jgsxkA blds vykok c&dljr gnhlsa gSa tks Q+tk+ ,y o eukfd+c dh fdrkcksa esa ntZ gSAa vQ+lksl fd gqluS ds fy;s bl yqRQ+ o eksgCcr] csik;k¡ lwduw vkSj brehuku dh mez rwykuh ugha gks ldhA vHkh vkidk flu lkr cjl dk Hkh iwjk u gqvk Fkk fd jchmy vOoy 11 fgtjh esa 14gt+jr eksgEen eqLrQ+kl0v0 dh oQ+kr gks xbZ vkSj gqluS jlw y vYykg l0v0 ds lk;&,&vkrs Q + r ¼eqgCcr½ ls eg:e gks x,A
NBk ckc beke gqlSuv0l0 dh ft+Unxh dk nwljk nkSj ukuk dh oQ+kr ds ckn ls cki dh ’kgknr rdA lu11 fgtjh ¼ls½lu 40 fgtjh gt+ j r jlw yl0v0 dh oQ+ k r reke [k+kunku ds fy;s ,d cM+k :g Q+jlk ¼nnZ Hkjk½ gkfnlk FkhA vkids v[k+ykd+ o vkSlkQ+ us nksLr vkSj nq'eu ds fny dks eql[+[k+ j ¼geokj½ dj fy;k Fkk blfy;s vki ds nqfu;k ls mB tkus dk ,glkl gj Q+nsZ c'kj dks Fkk vkSj bLykeh fxjksg dk gj Q+nZ ftruk rvYyqd+ iSxE+ cj ls j[krk Fkk] ml ,rsckj ls x+jS ekewyh rkSj ij eqrvfLlj gks jgk FkkA fQj [k+kl vgyscrS v0l0 ds x+e o vye dk vUnkt+k dgk¡ fd;k tk ldrk gSA [+kl q+ l w u v0l0 l0v0 gqluS ftuds lkFk iSxE+ cj dh 'kQ+dr+ dk vUnkt+ gh fujkyk Fkk og ukuk tks viuh xksn esa fcBkrk Fkk] lhus ij fyVkrk vy&dkQ+h ft@1] ist@275] rcjh ft@3] ist@207
14
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
7
Fkk vkSj dk¡/ks ij p<+krk Fkk] tks t+jk lh Hkh [k+kfrj f'kduh ¼rdyhQ+½ gqluS v0l0 dh xokjk u djrk Fkk] vkt gqluS vk¡[ksa fQjk fQjk dj pkjksa rjQ+ ns[krs Fks vkSj og 'kQ+hd+ o esgjcku ukuk ut+j u vkrk FkkA ;g Hkh [kqyh gqbZ ckr gS fd iSxE+ cj dh g;kr esa mudh x+jS ekewyh eksgCcrksa dks ns[k dj uht+ muds mu eqrokfrj ¼yxkrkj½ ,sykukr dh otg ls fd tks eq>ls eqgCcr j[krk gS mls gqluS ls eqgCcr djuk pkfg;sA vke eqlyeku tks Hkh jlwy ds lkFk vd+hnr vkSj eqgCcr dk ne Hkjrs Fks vkSj muds ilhus ij [k+uw cgkus dk nkok j[krs Fks iSxE+ cjl0v0 ds lkeus muds bu Q+jt+Unksa ds lkFk bUrsgkbZ yrhQ+ rjhu tt+ckrs eqgCcr o fu;kt+eUnh dk bt+gkj djrs Fks vkSj vxj t+jk lk Hkh mlesa deh dk'kk;ck iSnk gksrk Fkk rks iSxE+ cj dh rsofj;ksa ij cy fn[kkbZ nsus yxrs FksA ,d [kqyk gqvk lqcrw bldk bl okd+; s s ls feyrk gS fd tc jlwy glus v0l0 eqtrck dks dk¡/ks ij lokj fd;s gq, Fks vkSj ,d lgkch us dg fn;k fd ^^,s lkgc t+kns fdruk vPNk ejdc gS rqEgkjkA** jlwyl0v0 us Q+kjS u Vksd fn;k vkSj Q+jek;k% ^^;g lokj Hkh rks fdruk vPNk gSA**15 ;g ckrsa ,slh Fkha ftuds ckn fet+kts uqcv w r esa dqN Hkh nj[k+kjs ¼le>½ j[kus okys eqlyeku ;k vkids p'eks vc: ij pyus okys fu;kt+ eUnku lkgct+knksa dh [k+kfrj nkjh vkSj muds lkFk bt+gkjs eksgCcr esa t+jk Hkh Q+:xqtk+ 'r ¼deh½ djrsA bl rjg ;g dguk gjfxt+ eqckfyx+k ugha gS fd ml nkSj esa gqluS ,d fpjkx+ Fks ftlds fxnZ ijokus rokQ+ djrs Fks ;k ,d vkQ+rkc ftlds fxnZ flrkjs pDdj 15
lok,d+ s egjZ s d + k is t @83
tqykbZ&2017
yxkrs FksA vd+hnr dh ,d nqfu;k muds d+neksa ij fulkj gksrh Fkh vkSj eqgCcr dk ,d vkleku Fkk tks muds lj ij lk;k fQ+xu ¼lk;k fd;s Fkk½ Fkk exj nqfu;k ,d gky ij ugha jgrhA og bUdsy + kckr dk etewvk gSA vkt og ejdt+ ftldh esdu+ krhlh ¼pqca dh;½ df'k'k nqfu;k dks tT+c fd;s gq, Fkh d+cz esa igq¡pk pqdk FkkA og ,d D;k x;k fd gqluS dh nqfu;k fcYdqy cny xbZA og ekgkSy Hkh fcYdqy rCnhy gks x;k tks vkids lkeus jgk FkkA lqcg gqbZ vkSj jlwy us njokt+s ij vkdj vkokt+ nh16 vl&lykr vl&lykrA ;kuh mBks mBks uekt+ dk oD+r vk x;k vkSj fQj d+jq vku dh ;g vk;r17 ^^bUuek ;ksjhnqYykg ys;qt+gscg vudeql fjTl vgysy cSrs o;ksrggsjdqe rrghjk** i<+rs Fks ¼tks vk;rs rrghj ds uke ls e'kgwj gSA½ ^^;kuh vYykg dks eUtwj+ ;gh gS fd ,s vgys cSr rqels gj rjg dh utklr dks nwj j[ks vkSj rqedks ikd j[ks tks ikd j[kus dk gd+ gSA** lc Q+kjS u mB cSBs cki vkSj HkkbZ dh rjg gqluS us Hkh Q+kjS u oqtw+ fd;kA efLtn esa igqp a As eqlyekuksa dk btrsekv~ gqvkA iSxE+ cj us uekt+ i<+kbZA fQj t+kgs j] vlz] ex+fjc vkSj b'kk gj oD+r ;gh lek¡ uekt+kas ds ckn ;k igys vkSj t+:jr dh lwjr esa eq[k+rfyQ+ vod+kr ij iSxE+ cjl0v0 ds [k+Rq csA 'kjh;rs bLyke dh rkyhe gkfly djus okyksa dk gqtew ] d+ck,ys vjc vkSj lykrhus ¼gkfde½ nqfu;k ds oQ+nw ¼Deligation½ vkSj lqQj+ k ¼Ambasdars½ dk nkSj] eq[k+rfyQ+ tekvrksa dh ljxjfe;ksa dk rt+djs k vkSj mlds eqnkQ+rh 16
bLrhvkc ft@2] is t @615 lwj, vgt+kc vk;r@33
17
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
8
bUrstk+ ekr ¼fueVus ds rjhd+½s nhokuh vkSj Q+kt S nkjh ds eqdn+ ekr dk is'k gksuk] xokgksa ds c;kukr] cgl vkSj ftjg vkSj eqdn+ ekr dk Q+l S yk] eqtfjeksa dh lt+k;s]a t+dkr o [k+eq l q vkSj veokys x+uher dk vkuk] vkSj eqdj+ jkZ mlwy o d+ok,n ds eqrkfcd+ rd+lheA x+jt+ ;g fd nhu vkSj nqfu;k ds reke elk,y bl ,d uqdr+ s ij etrek ut+j vkrs FksA gqlSuv0l0 vius ukuk ds ikl rd+jhcu gj oD+r ekStnw jgrs Fks vkSj vk¡[k [kksy dj blh vkye ls :'kukl gq, FksA vc iSxE+ cj dh oQ+kr ds ckn ;g reke lek¡ vk¡[kksa ls vks>y gks x;kA bUd+y s kc vkSj vt+heq''kku bUd+y s kcA vQ+lksl gS fd jlwyl0v0 dh f[k+ykQ+r dk elvyk bruk ,f[+rykQ+h cu x;k fd vkt rd mldh cqfu;kn ij f'k;k vkSj lqUuh dk rQ+jsd+k d+k;e gSA bl fdrkc esa tks okd+s;&,&djcyk dks x+Sj fut+kbZ ¼cx+Sj b[+ry s kQ+ ds½ rkSj ij nqfu;k ds lkeus is'k djus ds fy;s fy[kh tk jgh gS bl ij cgl djuk eUt+jw ugha gSA u bu ukxokj okd+v s kr dk dksbZ eqLrfd+y rt+fdjk ed+lwn gSA cgjgky ;g eqRrQ+d+ vySg rkjh[k+h gd+hd+r gS fd jlwyl0v0 ds ckn dqN vQ+jkns mEer us eqRrfQ+d+ gks dj fl;klh bd+rns kj [k+kunkus jlwy ls gVk fn;k gSA bl bUd+y s kc dk ykt+eh urhtk ;g Fkk fd ljdkjs fjlkyr ds ckn Ms;<w h+ dh pgy igy vkSj jkSud+ lUukVs ls rCnhy gks xbZ vkSj og ekgkSy ftlesa gqluS v0l0 ft+Unxh clj dj jgs Fks ,d ne fcYdqy cnyk gqvk ut+j vk;kA gqluS v0l0 ek¡ ds ikl tkrs rks ;g ns[krs fd flok vod+krs uekt+ ds gj oD+r fxj;k o t+kjh ls dke gS dqN fnu rd rks ?kj gh ij tqykbZ&2017
jks;k djrh Fkha fQj vgys enhuk dh bl f'kdk;r ij fd vkids ukyk o 'ksou ¼jksuk ihVuk½ us ge ij [+okc o [k+kjs ¼[kkuk ihuk½ gjke dj fn;k gS] vki tUurqy cd+hv~ esa pyh tkrh Fkha vkSj ml d+fczLrku esa fxj;k djrh jgrh FkhaA18 gqluS v0l0 cki ds ikl vkrs rks ;g ns[krs fd mUgksua s vgys t+ekuk dh cs:[k+h dks ns[krs gq, ?kj ls fudyuk vkSj yksxksa ls feyuk tqyuk rdZ dj fn;k gSA vki gj oD+r ,d xks'ks esa cSBs d+jq vkus ethn ds eqrQ+fjZd+ vtt+k ¼eq[k+rfyQ+ fgLls½ dks vlyh rjrhc vkSj 'kkus uqty w+ ds eqrkfcd+ fdrkch 'kDy esa eqjRrc djrs jgrs gSa vkSj Q+jekrs gSa fd eSa us vgn fd;k gS fd vck nks'k ij u Mkyw¡xk tc rd fd d+jq vku tek u dj yw¡A19 D;k bl lwjrs gky dks ns[kdj gqluS v0l0 dk fny u ?kqVrk gksxkA og lksprs gksx a s fd ,s [k+nq k ;g dSlk va/ksjk gS tks ,d ne gekjh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus Nk x;k gSA cgjgky vius cki ds rt+sZ vey esa ;g ulcqy ,Su uqek;k¡ ik;k fd pkgs gkykr fdrus gh uklkt+xkj gksa exj gesa bLyke dh f[k+ner ls gkFk ugha mBkuk pkfg;sA gekjk vkSj d+jq vku dk lkFk gS blfy;s d+jq vku dh fgQ+kt+r gekjk Q+tZ+ gS vkSj bl Q+tZ+ dks fdlh oD+r ut+j vUnkt+ ugha fd;k tk ldrkA gqluS v0l0 us ;g Hkh ns[k fy;k fd yksx esjs cki ds ikl vkrs gSa vkSj og mUgsa tks'k fnykuk pkgrs gSa fd vki bLykeh gqdew r ds gqly w ds fy;s dksf'k'k dhft;s tks okd+bZ vkidk gd+ gSA mfB;s vkSj ge vkidh benkn 1 2
d’kQ+ q y x+ q E ek is t @148 lok,d+ s eq g jjs d + k is t @76
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
9
ds fy;s r¸;kj gSAa muesa lPps nksLr Hkh gSa vkSj uqekb'kh HkhA ,d rjQ+ jlwy ds ppk vCckl fcu vCnqy eqRrfyc dgrs gSa fd viuk gkFk c<+kvks] eSa rqEgkjh cSvr dj yw¡A bldk eqlyekuksa ij cM+k vlj iM+x s kA vkSj og dgsx a s fd iSxE+ cj ds ppk us muds bCus ve ¼ppk ds csV½s dh cSvr dj yh] fQj fdlh dks mt+z u gksxk vkSj nlwjh rjQ+ cuh me¸;k dk ljnkj vcw lqfQ+;ku fcu gcZ gS vkSj og vkdj dgrk gS fd fdrus x+tc+ dh ckr gS fd vkids gksrs gq, vjc ds ,d jt+hy ¼iLr½ rjhu [k+kunku us x+YCkk gkfly dj fy;kA [k+nq k dh d+le vxj vki pkgsa rks eSa vkidh benkn ds fy;s enhus dks lokj vkSj I;knksa ls Hkj nw¡A exj pw¡fd vkidh t+kr tT+ckr ls cyUn vkSj uQ+lkfu;r ds ykSl ls ikd Fkh vkSj vki bLyke dk gd+hd+h nnZ vius lhus esa j[krs Fks blfy;s vki viuk gd+ le>rs gq, Hkh mu yksxksa ds dgus esa ugha vk;s vkSj vkius vcw lqfQ+;lku dks bl rjg Mk¡V dj tokc fn;k fd ^^[k+nq k dh d+le rqe ges'kk bLyke vkSj vgys bLyke ds nq'eu jgs gksA**20 ;g bldk veyh bt+gkj Fkk fd pkgs gekjs gqdd w+ + gkFk ls tk;sAa gekjs 'k[+lh eQ+kn dks uqdl + ku igqp a s exj gedks ges'kk bTrsekbZ vkSj bLykeh eQ+kn ij ut+j j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj blds fy;s gj rjg dh d+cq kZuh ds fy;s r¸;kj jguk pkfg;sA ;g urhtk Hkh bl okd+; s s ls t+kfgj Fkk fd vcw lqfQ+;ku vkSj mlds [k+kunku ds yksxksa dk bLyke flQ+Z uqekb'kh gSfl;r j[krk gS vkSj muls bLyke ds eq r vfYyd+ ges ' kk bj’kkn ist@100] bLrhvkc ft@2] ist@710] lok,d+s eqgjjsd+k ist@37] rkjh[k+qy [k+qyQ+k ist@45] rcjh ft@3] is t @202&203½ 20
tqykbZ&2017
uqdl + ku jlkuh dk vUns'kk ekStnw gSA blhds lkFk ;g Hkh fd bLyke dks mlds [kqys gq, nq'euksa ds gkFkksa bruk uqdl + ku ugha igqp a ldrk Fkk ftruk bu uqekb'kh nksLrksa ls igq¡p ldrk gS blfy;s vxj bLyke dk rg¶+Qt q+ + djuk gS rks ges'kk bl tekvr dh ud+yks gjdr ij ut+j j[kuk pkfg;s vkSj dksbZ ekSdk+ u vkus nsuk pkfg;s fd ;g vius ed+ln esa dke;kc gks tk;sA vQ+lksl gS fd jlwyl0v0 dh oQ+kr ls pUn gh eghuksa ds ckn xwukxw¡ ¼rjg rjg½ elk,c o rdkyhQ+ mBkus ds lkFk gqluS v0l0 ls mudh cqtx q+ Z erZck ek¡ Hkh tqnk gks xbZAa gt+jr Q+kfrek t+gjkl0v0 dh oQ+kr ls vyh bCus vch rkfycv0l0 vkSj Hkh fny f'kdLrk gks x, vkSj glu o gqluS v0l0 ds fy;s egjks eksgCcr dh nqfu;k cM+h gn rd ohjku ut+ j vkus yxhA vc muds fy;s xgokj&,&'kQ+dr+ o rjfc;r flQ+Z ,d Fkk vkSj og muds cqtx q+ Z erZck cki dh t+krA lkr cjl dh mez ls ysdj NRrhl lky dh mez rd mUurhl lky cjkcj gqluS v0l0 vius ogh dekykr ds ekojk gt+jr vyh bCus vch rkfycv0l0 ,sls gdhes bykgh] vkfyes jCckuh] eqvfYyes v[k+ykd+s bUlkuh vkSj etewv&,&Q+tk+ ,ys uQ+lkuh ds bYeh vkSj veyh Q+;q t w + ¼Q+k,ns½ ls cgjkoj ¼gkfly djrs jgs½ gksrs jgs vkSj ;gh og t+ekuk gS ftlesa vke fut+kes vlckc dh nqfu;k esa bUlkfu;r dh gd+hd+h rkehj gksrh gSA bl mez ds vkx+kt+ ls cqyx w + dh eqnn~ r rd volkQ+ o eydkr ¼dekykr½ dh nkx+ csyas iM+rh gSAa ukStokuh ds t+ekus esa mu ij nhokjsa mBrh gSa vkSj tokuh ds b[k+rrs ke rd ;g bekjr eqdEey gksdj ml ij
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
10
uD+'kks fuxkj cu tkrs gSa vkSj og lkt+ks lkeku vkSj 'kh'kk vkykr ls Hkh vkjkLrk gks tkrh gSA gqlSuv0l0 ds fy;s bu reke eukft+y dh t+kgjh rdehy vyh bCus vch rkfycv0l0 dh fuxjkuh esa gks jgh FkhA gqluS us ns[kk fd muds okfyns cqtx q+ oZ kj v0l0 vyh bCus vch rkfyc ckotwnfs d t+ekus dh csroTtksgh] gd+ Q+jkeks'kh vkSj lnZegq jh ls dchnk [k+kfrj ¼x+et+nk½ t+:j Fks ysfdu tc fdlh bYeh elys esa fdlh eqfge ds eqrvfYyd+ e'kojs es]a fdlh eqdn+ es ds Q+l S ys esa mudh t+:jr iM+ tkrh gS vkSj muls benkn dh [+okfg'k dh tkrh gS rks og Q+kjS u fcyk mt+z benkn djus ds fy;s r¸;kj gks tkrs gSAa ;g tt+ck bUlkuksa ds joS;s ds fcYdqy f[k+ykQ+ gSA og vxj fdlh eUlc ds gqly w ls ftlds gd+nkj gksa eg:e dj fn;s tk;s ra ks og eqrvfYyd+k vQ+jkn ls [+kQ+k gks dj vyx gks tk;sx a s vkSj vxj bl eUlc ls rvYyqd+ j[kus okys eqvkfeykr esa muls enn ryc dh tk;s rks og viuh fnyh jaft'k dh fcuk ij rvkmu ls bUdkj dj nsx a As blls vgyscrS v0l0 ds gj Q+nZ ds lkeus ;g uewuk is'k gks jgk Fkk fd ge pkgs eqlyekuksa ds eqvkfeykr ls fdrus gh x+jS eqrvfYyd+ dj fn;s tk;sa exj gesa dHkh vius dks x+jS eqrvfYyd+ le>uk ugha pkfg;sA gesa gj ,sls ekSds+ dk eqUrft+j jguk pkfg, fd ftl oD+r gekjs t+fj;s ls bLykeh eQ+kn dks gd+hd+h Q+k,nk igqp a ldrk gks rks ml ekSds+ ij gesa vius Q+tZ+ dks vUtke nsuk pkfg;s vkSj bLyke dh f[k+ner dks viuk ulcqy ,Su le>uk pkfg;sA rhljs [k+yhQ+k ds bUrs[k+kc ds ekSds+ ij ,slk oD+r vk;k fd gt+jr vyh fcu vch tqykbZ&2017
rkfycv0l0 r[+rs gqdew r dks gkfly dj ysrs tcfd [k+yhQ+k&,&nkse us vius bUrsdk+ y ds oD+r Ns vknfe;ksa dh desVh cuk dj f[k+ykQ+r dks muesa eqUgflj dj fn;k vkSj muesa ls ,d gt+jr vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 dks Hkh d+jkj fn;k FkkA reke nwljs vjdku gt+jr vyhv0l0 dks f[k+ykQ+r ds eUlc ij uket+n djus ds fy;s r¸;kj Fks c&'krsfZ d vki fdrkc o lqUur ds vykok 'kS[k+us ¼vcw cDj o mej½ dh lhjr ij vey dk Hkh vgn djsAa 21 exj gqluS v0l0 us ns[kk fd muds gd+hd+r ijoj] cyUn fgEer vkSj eqLrx+uh rfc;r ¼Q+jkx+ fnyh½ cki us bl ekSds+ dks vius gkFk ls ns fn;kA bl fcuk ij fd og fdrkc vkSj lqUur ij vey ds vykok fdlh nwljh'krZ dks ekuus ds fy;s r¸;kj ugha gq,A ftlds urhts esa og t+kgjh f[k+ykQ+r dk gqek ¼ifjUnk½ tks muds ljs gqekbZ;¡w ¼gqdew r ikus okys½ ij pDdj yxk jgk Fkk ,d rohy vjls rd ds fy;s muls vykgsnk gks x;kA gqluS v0l0 us bl esa ,d cM+s vge lcd+ dk veyh uewuk ns[kk ftl ij muds vkbZUnk ,d+nkekr dh cqfu;kn d+k;e Fkh vkSj og ;g fd 'kjhvr vkSj eqlyeku gqDejkuksa dh lhjr nks vyx vyx pht+as gSAa ,slk ugha gS fd tks gqdew rs oD+r dk vkbZu vkSj mldk vey gks mldks 'kjhvr dh : ls Hkh lgh ekuuk iM+s cfYd 'kjhvr ds eqLrfd+y mlwy gSa ftUgsa eqDr+ nk ¼is'kok ds rkSj ij½ gksuk pkfg;s vkSj gqdew r ds vey dks mudk ekrgr gksuk pkfg;s vkSj tc ,slk u gks rks ,d eqlyeku dk Q+tZ+ gS fd og 'kjhvr dks rLyhe djs vkSj gqDdke ds vey dks rlyhe 21
rcjh ft@5] is t @40
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
11
u djs vkSj vxj fdlh oD+r ,slk ekSdk+ is'k vk;s fd gqDdke dk vey [kqYye [kqYyk 'kjhvr ds f[k+ykQ+ vkSj vkbZus et+gc esa cqfu;knh rCnhyh dk ckbl gks rks eqlyeku dk Q+tZ+ gS fd og 'kjhvr dh fgek;r esa dej cLrk gks tk;s vkSj blds fy;s c&'krsZ t+:jr fdlh d+cq kZuh ls njsx+ u djsA blh nkSj esa lu 31 fgtjh esa ;T+n tqnZ ckn'kkgs bZjku dk ljklhexh vkSj dLeiqjlh ds vkye esa ,d bZjkuh gh ds gkFk ls [k+kfrek gqvkA22 ftlds ckn 'kkgt+kfn;k¡ c&gSfl;rs d+nS h ds enhus Hksth xbZa vkSj bl ekSds+ ij tcfd x+uhe eqYd dh 'kkgt+fn;ksa dks d+nS ns[kdj cgqr ls vkneh [k+'q k gks jgs gksx a s gt+jr vyh vkSj muds vkyh fnekx+ 'kkgt+knk gqluS us mUgsa duht+h dh ft+Yyr ls cpk gh ugha fy;k cfYd mUgsa [k+kunkus jlwy ds ?kj esa eysdk dk rkt iguk fn;kA pquk¡ups og 'kkgt+knh ftudk uke 'kgjckuks ;k 'kkg t+eku e'kgwj gS gqluS v0l0 ds vD+n esa vkbZa vkSj bl rjg mUgksua s bLyke dh bl rkyhe dks ft+Unk j[kk tks eqYdh rQ+jhd+ dks feVk nsus dh vyecjnkj gSA rhljs [k+yhQ+k mleku ds nkSj dk vk[k+jh fgLlk cM+h cs brfeukuh vkSj d'ked'k esa xqtj+ k] eqlyekuksa dks muls f'kdk;rsa iSnk gqbaZ vkSj vkf[k+j ,d+nkekr dh gn rd igqp a ha v0l0 exj gt+jr vyh fcu vch rkfyc us mu ,d+nkekr dks rd+fo;r igqp a kus ds ctk;s iwjh dksf'k'k ds lkFk mudks jksdus dh lbZ ¼dksf'k'k½ Q+jekbZA dbZ erZck chp esa iM+ dj lqyg djkbZA eq[k+kfyQ+ tekvr dh f'kdk;kr nwj djkbZa vkSj mls le>k cq>k dj eqUrf'kj 22
rcjh ft@5] is t @71
tqykbZ&2017
fd;kA23 exj ejoku tks ml nkSj esa ^^dkfrc**24 ds vksgns ij Fkk mldh 'kjkjrksa us bu dksf'k'kksa dks dke;kc u gksus fn;k vkSj vkf[k+j bl tekvr us gkfdes oD+r ds edku dk eqgklsjk dj fy;kA25 ml oD+r Hkh gt+jr vyh bCus vch rkfycv0l0 us ;g gennhZ dh fd tc vkidks ekywe gqvk fd eqgkfljk djus okyksa us ikuh cUn dj fn;k gS rks vkius glu vkSj gqluS v0l0 vius nksuksa Q+jt+Unksa dks dqN e'dksa ds lkFk jokuk fd;k vkSj mu nksuksa lkgct+knksa us vius dks [k+rjs esa Mky dj ikuh d+ljs gqdew r ds vUnj igq¡pk fn;kA cgj gky ut+es gqdew r dk iSekuk ycjst+ Fkk vkSj ikuh lj ls Å¡pk gks pqdk FkkA geyk vkoj tekvr us nk:y gqdew r dh ljt+ehu dks [k+yhQ+k ds [k+uw ls jaxhu vkSj muds fj'kr&,&g;kr dks d+rk dj fn;kA gSjr dk vez gS fd bruk cM+k eqfLye vdlfj;r dk eqlYyeql lqcrw ¼dkfey½ Q+jek¡jok [k+nq vius nk:l lyrur esa ,d eghuk mUuhl fnu eglwj jgkA26 vkSj vkf[k+j ryokj ds ?kkV mrkj fn;k x;k vkSj bl nk:l lyrur ds yksxksa esa tks iSxE+ cj dk nk:y fgtjr ¼fgtjr dk ?kj½ vkSj eqlyekuksa dk lcls cM+k ejdt+ Fkk vkSj tgk¡ ds vgys gYyks vd+n ¼vlj okys½ [k+yhQ+k xjh ds dke dk vius dks okfgn ft+Eesnkj le>rs rcjh ft@5] is t @96&97&110&117-o 122 dkfrc dk ntkZ ml nkS j es a ^^ot+ h j** dk lk gks r k FkkA og gkfde dk jkt+ n kj] eq ’ khjdkj] mldh eks g j dk bekurnkj vkS j mldh rjQ+ ls [k+ r o fdrkcr dk ft+ E eknkj gks r k FkkA 25 vy&ojk oy&fdrkc is t @14] rcjh ft@5] is t @111&112] 26 rcjh ft@5] is t @122 23 24
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
12
Fks dksbZ tks'ks ed+kfoer ¼cnys dk tT+ck½ iSnk u gqvkA blls T+;knk rvTtqc dh ;g ckr gS fd yk'k rhu fnu rd cs xksjks dQ+u jghA 27 vkS j vkEe&,&eq l fyehu ¼vke eqlyeku½ n¶+u dh rjQ+ eqroTtk ugha gq, vkf[k+j esa jkrksa jkr ^^g'k dkSdc** uke ds ed+ke ij tks eqlyekuksa ds d+fczLrku ls vyx Fkk fliqnsZ [k+kd fd;s x,A28 bl bcjr [kst + + eqjD+ds+ ls ,d gLlkl bUlku fdl d+nz vge urk,t v[+t+ ¼ys½ dj ldrk Fkk] lyrurs nqfu;k dh cs lsckrh ¼feVus okyh½] tegwj ¼voke½ dh oQ+knkjh ij vnes ,rsekn ¼Hkjkslk u gksuk½ uht+ ejoku vkSj nwljs cuh me¸;k ds gkFkksa bLyke ds 'khjkt+s dh vcrjh ¼rckgh½ ;g lc dqN gqluS v0l0 us ns[kk vkSj viuh vkbUnk ft+Unxh ds lcls vge dkjukes dh cqfu;knksa dks eqLrgde ¼et+crw ½ cukus esa muesa ls gj ,d igyw dk fygkt+ j[kk ftlds lquus vkSj le>us ds fy;s vkidks eqLrd+fcy dk bUrstk+ j djuk pkfg;sA gkykr cgqr rsth+ ls rCnhy gksrs gSa vkSj bu gkykr ds fygkt+ ls tegwj ds :tgkukr Hkh cnyrs jgrs gSAa bl gaxkeh bUd+y s kc ds urhts esa eqlyekuksa dh vk¡[ksa [kqyha vkSj muds bUrs[k+kc dh fuxkgsa gt+jr vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 ds psgjs ij te xbZAa mUgksua s vkids ikl vkdj f[k+ykQ+rs bLykeh dh ft+Eesnkjh dks laHkkyus dh nj[+okLr dhA ;g ckr gSjr esa Mkyus okyh Fkh fd gt+jr vyh ck&otwnfs d blds igys ges'kk [k+Yd+s [k+nq k dh fgnk;r vkSj muds ut+eks uLd+ dh bLykg ds fy;s cs pSu vkSj f[kYkkQ+rs 27
rcjh ft@5] ist@143
tqykbZ&2017
28
rcjh ft@5] ist@143&144
jlwyl0v0 ds fy;s vius bLrsgd+kd+ ¼gd+½ dk ,syku Q+jekrs jgs FksA vkt eqlyekuksa dh bl eqRrQ+d s k+ eqyrft;kuk is'kd'k dks eqLrjn Q+jek jgs FksA29 vkSj blds fy;s fdlh rjg r¸;kj ugha FksA gqluS v0l0 [k+cw tkurs Fks fd bldk lcc D;k gS\ gqdewr vkSj mEekys gqdew r ¼gqdew r ds eqykft+e½ gqdew r ds joS;s dh c&nkSyr eqlyekuksa dh vknrsa fcxM+ pqdh Fkha vkSj t+kfo;&,&fuxkg ¼ut+j;k½ esa rCnhyh gks pqdh Fkh] bLykeh gqdwer cM+h gn rd nqu;oh ,d+rsnkjs lyrur ds d+kfyc ¼fnyks½a esa <y xbZ Fkh vkSj fdljfo;r o d+l S fj;r ¼ckn'kkgr½ ds vklkj mlesa uewnkj gks x, FksA ;g pht+ fdlh rjg ml lknxh vkSj elkokr ds lkFk lkt+xkj u Fkh ftls iSxE+ cjs bLykel0v0 us nqfu;k esa QSyk;k Fkk vkSj ftl ij gt+jr vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 fugk;r l[+rh ds lkFk vkfey ¼ikcUn½ Fks blfy;s gt+jr [k+cw tkurs Fks fd vxj eSa bl oD+r gqdew r dh ckx dks laHkkyw¡xk rks ;k rks eq>s t+ekus ds lkFk lkt+ djds gok ds :[k+ ij pyuk iM+x s k vkSj blds fy;s esjk t+ehj eq>dks btkt+r ugha ns ldrk vkSj ;k eSa t+ekus ds lkFk tax d:¡xkA cs'kd vxj eSa ft+Eesnkjh vius lj ys yw¡ rks eq>s ,slk gh djuk pkfg;s exj mldk urhtk ;g gksxk fd eefydr esa [k+yfQ+'kkj ¼mFky iqFky½ jgsxk vkSj c&gSfl;r ,d gkfde ds esjk nkSj uk dkfe;kc le>k tk;sxkA vkius iwjs rkSj ij bUdkj fd;k exj eqlyekuksa dk bljkj brekes gqTtr dh lwjr bf[+r;kj dj x;k ;kuh og vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 ij ;g ft+Eesnkjh 29
rcjh ft@5] ist@152
ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[kuÅ
13
vk;n djus yxs fd nqfu;k vkils fgnk;r o bLykg dh rkfyc gS vkSj vki blls xqjt s + djrs gSAa ,d nkbZ;s gd+ ¼gd+ ds uqekbUns½ dks ;g Hkh t+cs k ugha gS fd og [k+Yd+s [k+nq k ij cs ,rseknh dh vkM+ idM+ dj mudh nj[+okLr dks Bqdjkrk jgs vkSj mudh fgnk;r dh ft+Eesnkjh dks iwjk dj ds mu ij gqTtr reke u djsA etcwju gt+jr vyhv0l0 dks ;g ft+Eesnkjh d+cq y w Q+jekuk iM+hA cs'kd vkius nqfu;k dks /kks[ks esa eqcfryk u j[kus ds fy;s lkQ+ ,syku dj fn;k fd ns[kks tc rqe ft+Eesnkjh dks esjs fliqnZ dj jgs gks rks eSa tks Bhd jkLrk le>w¡xk mlh ij rqEgsa pykÅ¡xk vkSj fdlh ds ,rsjkt+ vkSj uqDrk phuh dh ijok u d:¡xkA 30yksxksa us bldk bd+jkj djds ft+yfgTtk lu 35 fgtjh esa vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 dh cSvr dh vkSj [k+yhQ+ry q eqlfyehu rLyhe fd;s x,A blls ,d rjQ+ ;g lkfcr fd;k x;k fd nqfu;k dh fQ+tk+ vc vgyscrS v0l0 dh gqdew r o bd+rns kj ds fy;s ekStw+ ugha gSA nwljh rjQ+ ;g fd vxj vYykg ds cUns oQ+knkjh ds vgn ds lkFk jguqekbZ ds rkfyc gksa rks tc rd gqTtr mu ij iqjs rkSj ls reke u gks tk;s gekjk Q+tZ+ ;g gS fd ge c&t+kfgj muds vgnks iSeku dks ckoj ¼okt+gs ½sa djsa vkSj mudh [+okfg'ks jguqekbZ dh rdehy ds fy;s d+ne vkxs c<+k;sAa f[k+ykQ+r dh ft+Eesnkjh d+cq y w djus ds ckn ogh gqvk tks gt+jr vyh fcu vch rkfycv0l0 igys ls le>s gq, Fks fd nqfu;k vkids rkyhekr dh iSjoh ds fy;s r¸;kj ugha gqbAZ dqN yksxksa us rks cSvr ls igywrgs h dh tSls mlkek fcu t+nS gLlku fcu lkfcr] vCnqYykg 30
rcjh ft@5] ist@156
tqykbZ&2017
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