MULTI-LAYERED NETWORK & INCLUSIVE COMMUNITY FOR CYCLING

Vision

FREELY CYCLING WITH DIVERSIFIED ROUTES BASED ON SMART NATION

NEW URBAN VEIN with Cycling Network integral as Transportation System and City Revival

Wang Zhe, Sawn Lam, Gao Chenchen, Fan Lei

Although the current car-oriented transportation in Singapore resulted in numerous issues including predominant intersectional congestions, compromised road safety and poor mobility of alternative transportation modes, many Singaporeans still choose to cycle to work, for the benefits in improving health condition and lifestyle; and saving of time and money. Popularising cycling for daily commuting could be more than just an integral part of the Singapore transport system by offering higher contributions in the liveliness of the commuters and city vitality. The objective of the design is to create a network of cycling lanes integrated with the existing road system, streetscape and urban open spaces, for continuous, safe and time-efficient commuting by cycling.

Four key intervention sites are chosen to partake this approach - two on the main roads connected with One North area, one for internal circulations within One North, and the fourth site to pre-conceptualize the integration of cycling network for future developments.

The first strategy is proposed to integrate continuous and safe cycling network by modifying the existing transportation system and road configurations that tackle the challenges of land scarcity The continuity of cycling network is further ensured through maintaining consistency of bike lane characters, bypassing or mitigating barriers (congestion, topography, bus stop, car-porches, space constraints), creating seamless road crossings and tackling the conflicts with vehicles and pedestrians.

The second strategy is to further leverage on urban open spaces including cycling lanes and designing new gateways. A variety of urban spatial components including drainage lines, green corridors, roadside void spaces, plazas, school campus and HDB front yards will be utilised and connect with the proposed cycling network to create continuous greenery for better cycling experience and scenery continuity. They would be retrofitted to introduce more social activities and health-related elements such as dense clusters of vegetation, green and blue infrastructures, cyclable campus, urban parks, community gardens and fitness stations.

Therefore, besides the physical integration of cycling network as a new urban vein for transportation, these designs for long distance commuting cyclists is also intended for initiating the transformation of people’s lifestyle and space usage to create new dynamism in One-North districts.

ISSUE 1: CAR-ORIENTED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Transportation Safety And Congestion Issues

ISSUE 2: THE EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IS NOT CATERING TO THE NEEDS OF LONG DISTANCE CYCLISTS

many of them put on helmet for road safety rather than wearinG tiGhts like reCreational CyClists, they put on Comfortable jersy many of them CyCle on the road where they Could aChieve hiGher speed CarryinG baGs with offiCe essentials

Source: StraitS timeS in sinGapore, fatalities and injuries for road aCCidents in 2015 is 10,563

Source: Singapore police the CarriaGeway are desiGned to be wide to enable the Cars to move at a fast speed pedestrians 1,016 (10%)

CyClists 623 (6%) motorCyClist and pillion riders 72 (48%) motorCyClist and pillion riders 5000 (47%)

Current issue of CommunitinG pedestrians 43 (28%) most of them use personal bike, but shared bikes are also observed for shorter CommutinG

CyClists 17 (11%) bike mounted baG for CarryinG stuffs they usually brinG extra set of Clothes for CyClinG

WHAT THE CyClISTS SAy?

Source: (1) the StraitS timeS, June 2018, (2) filipino expatriate norman de villa, 42 utiliZinG roadside double yellow lines for CyClinG

BASEd ON SITE SuRvEy medium of CyClinG distanCe majority preferred CyClinG time of

CHARACTERS OF EXISTING LONG DISTANCE CYCLISTS their reasons and demand for CyClinG

“mr wong got into cycling around 2011 when he noticed he waS putting on weight and had developed high blood preSSure due to S Sedentary lifeStyle and work StreSS.”

“it S money-Saving, and the average, and the average Speed of public buSeS in 2012 waS 17.8km/h. if you’re fit enough (and you will be), that’S an eaSy number to beat (hiS Speed S 24.6km/h).”

ISSUE 2: THE EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IS NOT CATERING TO THE NEEDS OF LONG DISTANCE CYCLISTS

REFLECTION OF POLICY

“The intra-town cycling lanes are mainly developed for residential area“ “Every HDB town will have its own cycling network by 2030. These cycling paths will connect commuters from their homes to MRT stations and bus interchanges, and nearby key amenities, such as shopping malls and schools.“ Reference: LTA Intra-Town Cycling Network

FREQUENTLY USED ROUTES BY EXISTING CYCLISTS

Analysis of the routes frequently taken by existing long distance cyclist coming to One North They are not using most of the intra-town cycling lane developed by LTA and some park connectors lEGENd frequently used CyClinG routes on main roads frequently used CyClinG routes on seCondary roads lta ntra-town CyClinG routes other routes used by CyClists park ConneCtors

ISSUE 3: ACCESSIBILITY BARRIERS OF ONE NORTH HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ONE NORTH

Historically, the developments surrounding One North district, land use zoning and road constructions, form boundaries and enclosed condition, compromising its accessibility and interactions with the surroundings.

historiCal land use maps

Current Vehicle Flow And Congestion

Heavy traffic flow going in and out of One-north at few gateway lead the serious congestion during commuting time. Only two gateways are identified - one at Bouna Vista MRT Station, one at Dover Road.

topoGraphy

One north area characterize an undulating landform area. One north park is a divider rather than a green spine. Rail corridor which runs through north of Singapore to south(Tanjong pagar) is an opportunity and also a challenge aCCessibility issue by publiC transportation

The existing bus services mainly access from main roads of the west boundary (North Bouna Vista Road), with limited accessibility of buses to new development areas from south and east borders.

ConGestion with Cars CominG in and out of the dropoff and entranCes waitinG at traffiC interseCtion; ConGestion with people CrossinG the road

CyClinG speed measured on dover road

ISSUE 5: UNDER-UTILIZED OPEN SPACES IN ONE NORTH ANALYSIS OF COPENHAGEN NETWORK

pedestrians’ random CrossinG of the street, partiCularly outside one north mrt the oriGinally ConCeied Green is not servinG people well one north park - less than 50 visitors hourly measurement

Copenhagen road network

LEGEND

Cycling tracks

Green cycle tracks

Waterbodies and park

Singapore road network

Vehicle roads

Park connector

Waterbodies and park

Source: clc

Compiled road network

LEGEND

Cycling tracks in Copenhagen

Vehicle roads in Singapore

Site Selection

FEASIBILITY ON PHYSICAL CONDITION_ INTER-TOWN SPINES existinG road Condition frequently used CyClinG routes

In 6-lanes avenues, 3.5 m width is enough for bus lane, 3 m width is enough for common vehicle lane. Mostly, the lanes are wide enough.

Site Selection

FEASIBILITY ON PHYSICAL CONDITION_ INTRA-TOWN SPINES

Inside One North area the roads physical conditions and the open spaces associated to the road space allows feasibilities of introducing cycling lanes

Most frequently used route Often used route Park connector feasibility mappinG

Feasible space on road

Heavy traffic condition typoloGies of modifiCation feasibilities

Site Selection

Site Selection

Design Strategy 1

CREATE CONTINUOUS AND SAFE CYCLING NETWORK invention spaCe seleCtion

VL- vehicle lane

MS- Median space

GS- Green strip

OS- Open space barrier treatment

BARRIER TO CONflICT

Bus stops

Intersections

PROJECT I - INTERTOWN SPINE IN COMMONWEALTH AVENUE

feasible spaCe on road

200m

Street tree with big canopy

Feasible space on median space

Feasible space on green strip

Feasible space on open space feasible spaCe of Green strip and open spaCe

STRATEGY 2- LEVERAGE ON URBAN OPEN SPACES

the ConneCtion between CyClinG system and neiGhbourhood reasonable rest area and landinG area how CyClinG network work well with blue and Green system

Water system

New gateway Landing area Cycling system Cycling system

A Fast And Seamless Journey

the ConneCtion between CyClinG system and neiGhbourhood speed report

Distance:540m Stopping point : 0-1

Distance:580m Stopping point : 1-6

By-pass

BUS STOPS

Departure: Alexandra Queensway PCN

Destination: One-North

CYCLING EXPRESS-WAY

Save time: 1 min

X-crossing

CYCLING TRACK

Greenery assessment :5

CYCLING EXPRESS-WAY

CYCLING LANE

Double yellow line

BUSSINESS

:4

NATURAL PATH

One-north

Gateway

CYCLING PATH

Enlargered street corner + shorter crossing distance

CYCLING LANE

PROJECT J - CYCLING IN GREEN ALONG DOVER ROAD

Strategy 1

Harmonious commuting for cyclists, pedestrians, drivers key spaCe desiGn 1

Strategy 3

Strategy 2

Protected Intersection for cyclists key spaCe desiGn 2

Scenic View Analysis

Experience of cycling in space and greenery sCeniC view alonG spine b

Street Level Greenery And Health Relation

Analytical interpretation along all 4 spines perCeption of CyClinG experienCe via veGetation levellinG urban GreenspaCes have been determined to provide siGnifiCant health benefits to residents. speCifiC insiGhts on how the desiGn of GreenspaCes, inCludinG street-level Greenery, may independently influenCe walkinG and physiCal aCtivity patterns may help us Gain deeper insiGht reGardinG whiCh type of Greenery has a health impaCt, what kinds of physiCal aCtivity Can be promoted, and what kinds of health benefits Can be delivered ( m lee et al., 2012; sallis et al., 2012). the Greenway aye (toll road) sCeniC view analysis low-level vision Greenery nature Can provide stress relief, inCrease soCial interaCtion, enCouraGe physiCal exerCise and even help soothe mental illness. ayer rajah Cresent very dense dense less dense seCtion view of Greenery mid-level vision Greenery above vision Greenery sim lim barraCk rise sparCe

Greenery simulation to bodily funCtion

Landscape Performance

Investigations on spatial qualities streetsCape of dover road institutional nteGratinG available open spaCe for CyClinG routes approximately 10% open spaCes for CarparkinG able to add in biCyCle infrastruCture to inCrease ConvenienCes and ConsistenCy publiC health inCludinG health eatinG habit into lonG distanCe CyClinG routes promote hiGher usaGe of Commuter and utiliZe existinG eateries to be part of healthy CyClinG habits.

1 eatery in every 5 bloCks serve up to 10% of the Community of one area

Greenery CommerCial street Greenery to enhanCes by 30% to promote lonG distanCe CyClinG and sCeniC view experienCe. additional ChoiCe for private seCtors staffs to adopt healthy livinG by CyClinG in newly desiGned lanes. nCreased work and health performanCes & overall health by 50% in physiCal build & better mental health well-beinG

Green wall oCCupies 10% of spine b alonG dover Cresent.

PROJECT K - CYCLING LOOP IN ONE NORTH

Vehicle flow

Proposed bicycle flow

People flow

Issue Statement And Design Strategy

Issue Statement And Design Strategy

plaza area is not full utilized by people not full utilized green space in factory area narrow

The space above the drainage was used for bicycle road, and the surface was used to provide ecology value

Existing picture

Route A to B, from one north MRT to Biopolis

Total distance-1.2km

Crossing at intersection-1 time , waiting time-1 min

Other road crossing-4 times, no waiting time, may slow down

Pedestrian crossing-2 times,have alternative by pass bicycle road, no waiting time car porch-1 time, no waiting time, may slow down Travelling time with speed of 20km/h -3.6min

Additional time for waiting and slow down -2min

Total time 5.6 min