NUS Masters of Architecture Gradshow Book 2022, Architecture Etcetera

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MORE THAN ARCHITECTURE: STUDENT VOICES

In conjunction with the spirit of this year’s focus of “More than Architecture”, intermittent segments will feature a glimpse of the voices and experiences of the graduating cohort. Five questions that seek to consolidate the cohort’s educational experience during this volatile period are formulated and asked:

1 How has the pandemic shifted the way you design? 2 What were some of the insights gained during this period? 3 What were some of the challenges you faced during this period and how did you overcome them? 4 What changes do you think the industry should make to accommodate the new paradigm of working ? Images of the behind-the-scenes work are also documented and featured within these few segments. We hope that through these small series of personal interviews and work set-up documentation, that some insight is provided to more than just design itself, and that we start to recognise the driving force behind these creations.


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BEHIND CLOAK AND DAGGERS The False Pleasures behind the Great American Lawn GOH KAR HUI THESIS SUPERVISOR: ADJ. A/P BOBBY WONG CHONG THAI Filling the void.

The thesis questions Singapore’s diplomatic position on neutrality as Singapore becomes deeply entangled into the United States – China rivalry. The thesis position expresses cynicism as it demonstrates the extent of US foreign policy onto Singapore and the hypocrisy that lies behind the benign American Empire, in which there is the notion of the extrajudicial that Singapore plays a part in the field of intelligence gathering, diplomatic work, and foreign relations. The project intervenes at the site of the Singapore Botanical Gardens due to its strategic location not only as a contemporary diplomatic playground for espionage and intelligence gathering, but also a site where Singaporean botanical diplomacy occurs. Behind the seemingly benign system, Tyersall park as an extension of the Botanical Gardens was reimagined as a site of Extraordinary Rendition operated by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), as means to gain political information from foreign detainees to supplement the fight on the War on Terror. The objective of the thesis expresses the ambiguity between enforcing diplomacy and the practice of espionage by juxtaposing the intersection of tending the Great American Lawn against the propagation of Singapore’s national flower – Orchid. The thesis explores a new form of programmatic intersection between cultivating

Classical Literature

the overt diplomatic garden and the covert detention site which produces a new mode of landscape diplomacy that deeply intertwines with state clandestine operations to gather valuable information.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT The project is about masking and revealing, diplomacy and the hypocrisy behind it. The project postulate Singapore as one of a dozen Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) dark sites located around the world. Dark sites are places where CIA, because of American laws, conduct acts of torture on others not permitted in America itself. The Botanic Garden is chosen as the site. Garden, the American lawn and civility go hand in hand as they nurture and cultivate one another. While Dignitaries compliment niceties on the surface, deep in the cavern among the water storage plants are housed torture machines.

Analytical Psychology

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HYPER-LEISURE CITY Manifestations of Occularcentricity in a Spectacular Society TAN HONG XI, CLARENCE THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P TSUTO SAKAMOTO I am curious about the future of Architecture in an increasingly absurd society, and how the generations to come can enact a paradigm shift away from the conventional.

The thesis is a critique on leisure becoming a new insidious form of labour in the contemporary culture of social media, thereby instigating a new form of societal decay. The project is an anti-thesis to the idealistic vision of the emancipation of labour posited by historians and theorists - that Man will evolve from Man the Maker to Man at Play, as society progresses away from labour with the aid of technology. Through design, the project eventually reveals the realities of the latecapitalist society, driven by social media phenomenon. In this society, social media exploits both the sensational and the mundane of leisure into images for marketing, thereby twisting and decaying the intentions of the ideal leisure society. Leisure and its peripherals, in this society, are merely a mode of production for images to spur the leisure economy, therefore subsuming itself in labour. In the face of capitalism, the built proposition designs a new economy in the heart of the CBD, replacing the traditional office economy into one that is leisure-based. CBD towers are adapted into spaces that enable the flexible and “free” play of both conventional and extreme leisure programmes. The towers become ever-changing vertical amusement parks and manufacturing machines of leisure, collectively creating a Hyper-Leisure City-scape. Thereafter, the project speculates a form of societal decay in the advent of capitalising leisure through its image. This ideal ecology of leisure is disrupted by the oversaturation of images. We as a society desire objects that are novel, exacerbated by the social media culture. There is a slow but sure normalising of hype and the sensational amongst the bombardment of sensational images, to the point death from leisure become tools of capitalism, sensationalised as marketing tools of the leisure economy.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT Recent proliferation of social media developed an alternative economy where people trade their experiences instead of their products. Such an economy is not only advanced by influencers but also by charismatic figures and even by ubiquitous individuals. Proposing a comprehensive experiential field in the current business district in Singapore, the project explored how architecture accelerates a growth of the economy, while envisioning satirical future of such experiences. Mountainbike-trails, bungy-jump-field and rock-climbing-walls mounted on the facades of skyscrapers, and the picturesque-gardens opening to the roofscape the district are constantly changed depending on various demands. The death and injury caused by the accidents are taken as part of heroic stories that are quickly consumed as spectacles. The project is a critical vision toward the virtual economy.

Sketches from during the Circuit Breaker period

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#1 HOW HAS THE PANDEMIC SHIFTED THE WAY YOU DESIGN? “The pandemic has forced me to better optimise my design processes in school and at home as the resources and atmosphere between both settings are very different” -Clara, A + A “As I have spent more time at home instead of outside, I was able to look closer at my intimate surroundings (things I would not typically take a second look) for inspiration and integrate them into my design repertoire. “ -Jer, A + A

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#2 WHAT WERE SOME OF THE INSIGHTS GAINED DURING THIS PERIOD? “Although I would have imagined that the extra time saved from travelling would allow for more breaks and participation in other hobbies, in reality, expectations and deliverables from tutors adjust according to these surplus of time as well.” -Gab , A + A “The pandemic has showed that working in office may not be the only way to work, but having flexibility in determining our lifestyle and managing time is more productive and gives us time for other aspects of life. Now we can run errands mid day for our family if need be.” -Jon, UC + W WORK FROM HOME + INTERVIEWS

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DOUBLE D’S: DEMOLITION DEMOLISHED Extending HDB’s Longevity Without Demolition Addition and Subtraction on Existing Carbon Form KOH KHIA TONG THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P ERIK G. L’HEUREUX “A wilderness explorer is a friend to all, be a plant or fish or tiny mole!” - Russell, Up

There is a rise in contemporary requirements for environmentally and socioculturally sustainable developments. Buildings built in Singapore during the 1950-1980s are coming to an end of their lives today. The conventional decision of upgrading and redevelopment of the site would be the demolition of pre-existing buildings and to build new. However, there are exiting methods such as adaptive reuse to reconsider demolition of existing carbon form — to reduce carbon output and extend the life of existing structures. In Singapore, residential flats are rarely considered for adaptive reuse due to their monofunctional design and more often than not, they are demolished. Thus the paper suggests considering the adaptive reuse of Housing Development Board (HDB) flats as a type. The research involves 31 HDB flats situated along Tanglin Halt Estate that are earmarked for Selective En-Bloc Redevelopment Scheme (SERS). The project examines the various potential of adaptive reuse methods to the 31 existing blocks — through a series of addition and subtraction of old and new elements. The focus is to reconsider how the state renews and redevelop an older plot of land and its existing buildings. Due to the volume of available built form in Tanglin Halt Estate and its historic significance to Singapore, it poses an opportunity for the implementation of adaptive reuse. The direction of the project research interrogates the possibilities of addition above HDB rooftops and the subtraction of internal non-load bearing elements in the existing blocks. The consideration of using mass engineered timber (MET) as

The People

a construction element because of its structural strength and its capability as a carbon sequester. Additionally, exploring the climatic response of the old and new, creating a supplementary relationship between one another.

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Grindelwald, Switzerland 2019

Demolition Demolished extends the carbon and expands the community in a collection of 31 Housing Development Board (HDB) blocks without demolition at Tanglin Halt, a subzone of the Queenstown planning area currently undergoing the Selective En-bloc Redevelopment Scheme (SERS). The thesis rejects demolition as the primary redevelopment method, embracing adaptive reuse as a viable alternative. Adaptive reuse is understood expansively as a critique of the carbon form of the original blocks. In addition, adaptive reuse is framed as a means to expand on the definition of family structure allowed to participate in the HDB model. A series of additions on top of the blocks in Mass Engineered Timber (MET) cater not only to new real estate but also facilitate new forms of housing and living that embrace collective to individual living, righteous and pious identities along with LGBTQ communities and lives outside of the typical constructs in Singapore today.

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HEARTLAND CRACKS; KUKOH TRANSPIRES An evaluation of the relationship of national identity, neighbourhood framework, and conservation LAI WEI SONG THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P JOHANNES WIDODO (DR.) I believe that great architecture is a good balance of what’s inside and outside of you. The flame was once extinguished, and I’m glad to pick it up again in the last semester. Bitter sweet. Trust in the process.

This thesis argues that the neighbourhood framework is unprogressive, and what is set to safeguard and cultivate community identities can have limitations. The Heartland Cracks took on an extreme case of public housing, Chin Swee Neighbourhood, to demonstrate how the 3 issues identified, Overlapping Stakeholders, Hard Edges, and Undiversified Demographics, can disconnect a neighbourhood. Kukoh Transpires builds upon the transient nature of the community and aims to overcome the stigmatisation and redefining the role of a rental housing neighbourhood in the modern day society - by establishing a stakeholders symbiosis, to encourage a collaborative relationship between the residents and public. The architecture intervention is an integrated project that houses a start up incubation hub as the anchoring program that drives the rest. Chin Swee will be given a new heartbeat that rekindles the community spirit and instils a sense of identity through togetherness in scaffolding for opportunities and working hard for better lives. Chin Swee used to be the beacon for many who were once lost and beaten up in life, and this light has over time lost its glow and purpose. Since the start of its digression towards irrelevancy and obsolescence, a big group of its community

Life isn’t all about architecture. The biggest win I got from this journey was her. Check Hong Xuan’s work!

has also lost their motivation to keep moving forward. These are people who have witnessed the transformation of our Singapore River. Even though some of them might have fallen off, these seniors embodied aspirations and great experience ready to inspire the younger ones. The people staying may be temporary, but the community spirit and identity of the aspirations will not be transient.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT The thesis demonstrated an alternative to the enbloc and relocation approach in an ageing public housing estate, particularly in key core urban districts such as at the proximity of the Singapore River and Chinatown areas. The Jalan Kukoh public housing neighbourhood is considered one of Singapore’s poorest areas, but the idea takes the opposite approach by preserving the current community, economically strengthening them, and empathetically restoring their dignity as equal citizens in rich and democratic Singapore. The planning method is centred on the creation of the new connection and activity node, as well as the placement of stimulating sub-nodes along the circulation tentacles. It is similar to acupuncture on the meridian points in that it creates and encourages healing energy throughout the city’s anatomy. Not all architects can teach. Not all teachers are educators. Just a boy scout exploring architecture. CONSERVATION + HERITAGE


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SINGAPORE AS THE FARM CITY Towards a self-sufficient city-state MOK SHI QI, ANDY THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P JOSEPH LIM (DR.) Passionate about all things design, especially architecture. Convinced that future of humanity lies in the hands of architecture. Instagram: @amsqarch

Humans have built extensive networks of vehicular roads as transportation was seen as an essential component of cities. With the rising population and decreasing arable land on earth, cities will eventually have to feed their population within cities, making food production an essential function. Shortage of essential goods caused by transportation restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic experienced by numerous cities has exposed the vulnerability of the existing food supply chain, and the importance of decentralised local food production within cities. In a land-scarce city state, the Farm City envisions the entire city landscape of Singapore as an urban farm, with its processes supported by the various existing components of the city for space, water, energy, labour, and transportation. Ranging from the conversion of underutilised structures to new structures, farm processes will be integrative with the existing city fabric, much like roads in most cities. With the rising cost of petroleum and vehicle ownership, along with the further development of the public transportation system, the large floor area multi-storey car parks within public housing neighbourhoods will likely be underutilised if private car ownership falls. While more space-efficient parking solutions such as elevator car parks might be sufficient for housing estates, the 1035 multi-storey car parks can be repurposed into production and market farms to decentralised food production, and provide a boost in floor area to strengthen the food security

Jeju, 2019.

of Singapore.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT The shortcomings of centralised food distribution systems worldwide is exacerbated by pandemic conditions. While the local supply chain is reliant on alternative sources of imported food, the thesis questions the effectiveness of landplot consumption by incumbent agrotech farms and the inefficient modes of distribution by road. The yield per sqm of footprint in car park structures for new market facilities, fruit and vegetable farms is surprisingly viable when growing food in neighborhood and reservoir sites. The integrated farm and wholesale facilities offer novel retail market structures as a new type in urban architecture

Simple sketch, 2017.

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INTENSIVE CARE TOWER 1. Medical Staff Recretional Space ( Roof Terrace) 2. Medical staff pantry 3. Medical staff lift lobby 4. Fish Pond 5. Intensive Care Unit Pod

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14. Back of house - Laundry, Linen, Medical Supply 15. Visitors Lobby Check-in 16. Staff Offices 17. Visitor Lobby Entrance 18. Visitor Entry Way 19. Medical staff Entry way 20. Washroom 21. Visitor Waiting Area 22. Moutuary 23. Family Viewing area of deceased 24. Intensive Care Lobby 25. Buggy Parking 26. Waaste Management zone 27. Hearse Bay 28. Entry from Mandai Road

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6. Visitor Access way 7. Medical Staff and Patients Access way 8. Patient lift 9. Toxic Waste Chute 10. Nurse post 11. Caregiver/ family member area 12. Intensive Care Unit 13. HEPA Filter

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NEO ROCHOR E-Waste 4.0 CLARENCE CREDENSA TAN THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P CHEAH KOK MING Architecture started as a childhood aspiration. Drawing inspiration from other forms of art adds new queries, textures and perspective. Find joy and humour every step of the way, and take it easy.

Industry 4.0 is online. Growing adoption of automation, driven by hyper consumerism, generates an accelerating stream of e-waste 4.0. Now is the time for e-waste to undergo an upstream re-evolution. The thesis proposes an upstream circular network in Rochor that harnesses resources found in e-waste, in tandem with value creation, innovation and capacity building in the urban fabric. Urban mining repurposes existing infrastructure and grooms talent through e-entertainment, nurturing future ready innovators capable of making an impact in the e-waste ecosystem. Presented in two parts, Salvager, serves as a first touch point for e-waste resuscitation through the adaptive reuse of surplus carpark spaces in Rochor. Redistribution markets and Repair Labs give used devices a second chance before obsolescence, while providing repair workshops that engage the community. Microfactories process, recover and transport components from dead tech to Elchemist as mobile spare parts for innovators, hackers and creatives. A rebooted Sim Lim Square sets a new e-entertainment destination in the region, harnessing e-waste as an opportunity for innovation while capitalising a rapidly growing e-entertainment market. Transformed as a vertical street, a series of activity centres oversees the rebirth of parts as “prosthetics”, repurposed as fresh hacks. From race drones, to robot gladiators, e-waste transforms liability

Music is a huge part of my life. I shoot bands at underground gigs as a hobby

to opportunity. An empowered maker is a transformed consumer. Moreover, it nurtures an ethics of resource sustenance. An upstream network unlocks new economies and collaboration towards a new circular era.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT Led by an ecological framework, this thesis is about setting up symbiotic and synergistic relationships in the city among diverse consumers of e-waste potentials. In this thesis, e-waste becomes a catalyst for digital-entertainment, E-games and bespoke digital product creation which in turn encourage talent scouting and capability building of creative digital individuals for the industry 4.0. The thesis revisits the driving thoughts in Cedric Price’s Fun Palace, the Metabolist movement and even the imagery of the movie Ready Player One. However it establishes its unique interpretation for the contribution of architecture. Architecture is a platform for hacking together what can be sourced readily or improvised. The built environment is rigged up for participatory building among stakeholders and sharing of resources; has an organic looseness that is responsive to disruptions.

I also session bass for an indie rock band, Islandeer

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THE OMA SUPER JELLYFISH FESTIVAL Exploring the use of disturbance as a tool for architectural and cultural change YAW JIA YING, ELISABETH THESIS SUPERVISOR: ADJ. A/P PETER SIM I like travelling, good food and my terrapins

Intense and more frequent jellyfish blooms are progressively becoming a problem for Japanese fishermen, encouraged by unsustainable levels of fishing. Oma, a historical bluefin tuna fishing village, has been hit especially hard by the critically low bluefin tuna fish stock and waves of jellyfish that spoil their catches. This thesis hopes to employ the jellyfish disturbance as a tool for ecological and architectural adaptation. It reimagines the disturbance as a beautiful transformation of livelihood and culture that respects and interacts with the existing bluefin tuna fishing landscape, at once empowering the struggling community, and paying respect to their history.

Hiking in Genoa Peak

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Turnip the terrapin

The Nomura and the Maguro Traditions are hard to change. Oma, Japan, is a traditional fishing town, with a long and deep connection with Bluefin Tuna (Maguro) fishing. With global Maguro stocks dwindling and competition from large commercial operations, Oma It is a town at risk. This project explores the role of architecture in re-shaping traditions and renewing community. In the preceding years, the seas off Oma have seen an exponential rise in jellyfish blooms and a corresponding decline in Tuna numbers. The project imagines the community responding with a shift away from a Tuna based fishery to one which primarily harvests jellyfish. Building upon the townspeople’s deep-seated traditions, which stem from a respect for the sea and the importance of the collective community, the project engages with a community in transition, evolving new practices and renewing traditions. The project explores how architecture connects past to future and can be both an agent of continuity and change. A new fisheries landscape emerges from the old, one with its own aesthetic and poetry. SPECULATIVE + ENVIRONMENTS


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THE PRODUCTION OF FORTUNE Reimagined Festive Traditions with the City Environment CHEN SIQI THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P LILIAN CHEE (DR.) “Can’t we go out and play everyday?”

During Chinese New Year, routines and practices centered around the production of fortune unfold. Confronting the crisis of waste and inequality generated from the material pursuits of fortune, this thesis reimages how a different understanding of fortune can play out in the contemporary city, as revised traditions inculcating new meanings and practices concerned with the environment. My thesis reframes ideas of ‘Fortune’ and its traditions that are now distant to contemporary livelihoods, grounding them within our every day consumption practices. Through this, my project reimagines a more relational idea of fortune formed by enabling people to act as stakeholders and stewards of the environment. Set within my hometown of Guangzhou, China, a network of temporary architectural interventions and festival landscapes imaginatively span across the city. Structured as a parade, the thesis follows the spatial and temporal movement of people preparing for and participating in Chinese New Year celebrations within familial homes and neighbourhoods, right up to their departure at the train station. The project relates these key spaces through collective pursuits of environmental ‘health’ and ‘wealth’. On the streets, mobile dragon floats collect discarded household objects and sunlight, wind and rain, transforming these elements into education resources, free energy, and a cleaner city. The Guangzhou Train Station turns into a seasonal orchard, producing fresh air, with an abundance of fruiting trees and wild ecology, thus safeguarding the happiness and health of the home-

An unexpected storm when hiking in the mountains.

returning travelers. Through this festival landscape, the thesis transforms the production of fortune into a collective consciousness of the urban environment.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT Siqi’s thesis wrestles with age-old Chinese traditions, routinised and sanctioned over time into norms that have remained largely unquestioned, particularly in how these practices have evolved in tandem (or not) with contemporary needs and aspirations. Her project shines in its strategic rethinking of customary springcleaning rituals, which continue to persist and culminate in excessive waste (following the Chinese adage: ‘to throw out the old and bring in the new’). Rather than uproot tradition, the thesis reengages with architecture’s meaning-making capabilities. It reframes new paradigms of ‘fortune’, updating traditional practices of spring-making into future-oriented pursuits for a healthier environment, and a cleaner city.

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LIVING ON REUSE: ZERO WASTE COMMUNITY A new way of approaching rezoned sites to reduce building waste - through reuse and recovery FASIHAH MOHMAD AZHAR THESIS SUPERVISOR: A/P CHEAH KOK MING Impacting beyond buildings, providing a better future for the community and the environment through architectural design.

Living on Reuse, looks at a new way to deal with rezoned sites in order to reduce building waste and to meet the new proposed Plot Ratio. Using architecture and construction methodologies as a medium between the pre-existing linear economic strategies, Living on Reuse sees existing buildings and its waste as a resource. Hence, rebranding waste as a part of a zero waste agenda for the users through architectural facilitation and program. Being situated in an industrial zone, Hillview Repurposed the existing building stock, (Hillview Warehouse) to convert it into a private residential area, due to rezoning of the site. The project taps on the potentials of existing building that has high industrial strength and also salvages demolished building waste as a part of the zero waste initiative. The zero waste initiative can be extended to its program by promoting Reuse, Repurpose and Remade values. As the site resides between two hills, a bridge traverses through the building which provides opportunities for the community to be a part of the zero waste agenda. Remake workshops are made available to the public for upskilling. The workshops are co-managed by social enterprise and people in need to transform waste into high utility valued goods. Hence, the new development could demonstrate a new form of living that is centred around the idea of zero waste and community and a new way of approaching

Innate longing to be surrounded in nature

rezoned sites.

SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT A robust exploration of adaptive reuse of a building in a land rezoned from industrial use to residential purpose. The thesis demonstrates strong tectonic expression ensuing from well-considered cradle to cradle strategies and technical imagination. Another insightful takeaway is its agenda to also promote circular economy and perpetuate low carbon lifestyle amongst the tenants and residents through facilities for social enterprises, sharing culture and closed-loop services. The proposition also investigates the affordance of public commons achieved by an aerial connector linking two nature parks passing through the private development. The thesis situates architecture for conveying sustainability lessons.

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