December 2014 — Issue #54 by Northwest Leaf / Oregon Leaf / Alaska Leaf / Maryland Leaf / California Leaf / Northeast Leaf

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DECEMBER 2014

24 44 64 Sonshine Organics

Tobias Benson & Regina Christiansen from REM Medibles in Tacoma

and seven other markets to visit in our new guide!

FARMERS MARKETS 48 18

Legalization Nation

Strain of The Month

Seattle’s MMJ plans

Using Foliar Feeding

Prison Dispatch

Health & Science

Election day was a huge success Hearing examines new regulations The Human Solution’s news update

Holiday Recipes

Don’t serve a storebought pie just yet

Tasty Permafrost has us liking winter The simple technique to healthier buds

How to change your mindset

Behind the Strain

Epoxy OG comes from a good family

KITSAP 50 SPOKANE 51 DIAMOND 52 OLYMPIA 53 OLYMPIA 54 TACOMA 55 SEATTLE 49

EDITOR’S NOTE..........................11 NATIONAL NEWS....................12 POT AUCTION.............................16 OPINION................................20 SEATTLE MMJ............................29 8 QUESTIONS............................36 PERMAFROST..........................44 COVER ART................................58 OREGON.........................64 DR. ROSE..................................72 BOTANICAL ................................76 CONCENTRATES.......................81 ARCHIVES issuu.com/nwleaf

COVER ART BY JOSHUA BOULET for NORTHWEST LEAF See more of his work at www. JoshuaBoulet.com

contents

ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S A POT AUCTION!

Photo by Matt Mills McKnight for Northwest Leaf

Near Yakima, National attention was on the small town of Prosser, Wash., where the growers at Fireweed Farms sold more than 300 pounds of legal pot Saturday Nov. 15 in the first event of its kind. Mike Howell of OrGrow in Yakima raises his hand to bid.

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editor’s note Thank you for checking out the 54th issue of northwest leaf!

Legalization is an important step, but not the only one

irst of all, I owe a congratulations to the voters of Oregon, Alaska, D.C. and Guam! What a great victory for the Cannabis plant, and for the world! These places have taken a huge step in the right direction. Why is it that Washington state is the only newly legal recreational pot state where you can’t grow up to four plants recreationally? Our state has committed major mistakes in the attempt to “legalize” pot. I say attempt, because people are still going to jail and prison here for possession of over one ounce or even a single plant of seed. Disgraceful. And now the state Legislature wants to take away the rights of medical patients to grow their own medicine! Over the next several months we will be seeing a large number of bills that all aim to regulate the medical Cannabis marketplace. Don’t get me wrong, we need regulation. But we also need to protect our rights!

The right to grow our own medicine is as essential as the right to grow our own food, to bear arms, and to freedom of speech. The second they take any of those rights away we lose what it is that makes America great. I encourage all of the patients and medical Cannabis supporters in this state to come together in our approaching time of need, to put aside political differences and business dramatics, and fight for our way of life! Remember that Cannabis will never be truly legal until we can all grow the plant without fear of prosecution, and keep fighting to make that a reality for all peoples, in all states, from all countries. Cannabis is a gift to the world, and we need to share it. So this holiday season, do the right thing and skip Black Friday and go straight to a green holiday.

Cheers,

WES ABNEY, EDITOR

DECEMBER 2014

Contact Northwest Leaf editor Wes Abney to discuss advertising or displaying our magazine in a new location. We want to hear from you! Feel free to send submissions, share news tips, your take on a story or one we should hear.

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Daniel Berman

the truth about the plant you thought you knew, IN every issue.

CONTRIBUTORS SARAH AITCHISON RAJAH BOSE JOSHUA BOULET STEVE ELLIOTT TYLER J. MARKWART MATT MILLS MCKNIGHT JACOB NEWTON DR. SCANDERSON DR. SCOTT D. ROSE KATHY STRAUSS CHRIS WILSON LAURIE WOLF & BRUCE WOLF

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No errors to report for last month, but we always appreciate reader feedback. Drop us an email and give us your take!

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion WSLCB Chairwoman Sharon Foster and member Chris Marr listen to public comment on proposed changes under Initiative 502, at a packed meeting Nov. 13, 2013 at Saint Martin’s University in Lacey, Wash.

FBI report

Almost 700,000 pot arrests last year The disturbing total flies in the face of clear support for marijuana across the U.S.

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Out of Time

The Washington State Liquor Control Board is responsible for implementing I-502’s legal recreational pot market. Now two of the board members are calling it quits.

hairwoman Sharon Foster, who’s been on to blend the medical marijuana law with the the Liquor board six years, said she won’t state’s recreational use law. seek another term while member and for“Little did I know … that marijuana would mer state Sen. Chris Marr will leave his post in Janbe legalized and we’d have to build this whole uary, the former Spokane auto dealer announced. market from scratch,” said Marr, an actual forIn a statement to Gov. Jay mer auto dealer. Inslee, fellow board members The departures leave the marr leaves the board board with an institutional and Board Executive Director Rick Garza, Marr thanked at probably its secondknowledge shortage, acthem all for their hard work cording to Cannabis Wire, most important juncture. over the past two years during and only one remaining which the state worked to immember, Ruthann Kurose, plement the legalized, recreational use of Cannawho worked through the implementation of bis, reports Jim Boldt at Cannabis Wire. Initiative 502. Those involved in Cannabis Marr said he will pursue lobbying. He leaves policy mention former state Rep. Lynn Kesthe board at probably its second most important sler and former state Sen. Tracey Eide as posjuncture — the real possibility of legislative action sible replacement candidates.

‘‘

Photo by Daniel Berman

ccording to the annual Uniform Crime Report released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, some 693,481 arrests were made nationwide for marijuana in 2013. More than 87 percent of those arrests were for possession, which means someone was arrested for marijuana possession every 51 seconds in the United States. The same report last year showed that 749,842 marijuana arrests were made in 2012. “We’re pleased to see the drop, but arresting even one adult for using a substance that is objectively less harmful than alcohol is inexcusable,” said Mason Tvert, director of communications for the Marijuana Policy Project. “Every year we see millions of violent crimes attributed to alcohol, and the evidence is clear that marijuana is not a significant contributing factor in such incidents. Yet our laws continue to steer adults toward drinking by threatening to punish them if they make the safer choice. These arrest numbers demonstrate that the threat is very real. “Law enforcement officials should be spending their time and resources addressing serious crimes, not arresting and prosecuting adults for using marijuana,” Tvert said. “Every year, these statistics show hundreds of thousands of marijuana-related arrests are taking place and countless violent crimes are going unsolved. We have to wonder how many of those crimes could be solved — or prevented — if police weren’t wasting their time enforcing failed marijuana prohibition laws. “A majority of Americans think Cannabis should be legal for adults and treated similarly to alcohol,” Tvert said. “Voters in four states and the District of Columbia have now passed laws that reflect that, and we expect several more will do over the next few years. It’s time for our laws to catch up with public opinion.”

New York

Mayor announces plan to end low-level pot arrests

The charges would usually follow an illegal search and stop and frisk practices

marijuana at higher rates. And last month, a ccording to The New York Times, federal circuit ruling opened the way to comunder a new plan from the Bill mence long-awaited reforms to NYPD’s stopde Blasio administration to end and-frisk practices. low-level marijuana possession arrests in New York state decriminalized personal posNew York City, those found with small session of small amounts of marijuana in 1977, amounts of marijuana would be issued a finding that arresting people for small amounts court summons and immediately released. of marijuana “needlessly scars thousands of lives This would be a shift from the current while detracting from the prosecution of seriarrest practice, where police charge people ous crimes.” with a misdemeanor — the person is then Yet over the past 20 years, marijuana posseshandcuffed, taken to the precinct and held sion has become a top law enforcement priority, for hours, fingerprinted and photographed, with nearly 600,000 people having been arrestand eventually released with a court date ed under this provision in New York City alone. and a virtually permanent arrest record. This was often as the result of an illegal search Ending arrests for marijuana possession or as the result of a stop-and-frisk encounter. is a constructive step towards reform, yet That’s when police illegally search a person or many questions and concerns about the new demand an individual “empty their pockets,” proposal remain. thus exposing marijuana to public view, which The new proposal comes on the heels is then a crime. of a recently released report The proposal unby the Drug Policy Alliance derscores the need and the Marijuana Arrest 600,000 people have for statewide legResearch Project, which anbeen arrested in 20 years. islation that will alyzed marijuana arrest and fix problems with income data. It shows that New York’s marilow-income communities of juana possession law and address the legacy of color face dramatically higher rates of arinjustice associated with these broken policies rest for marijuana possession than do white — like the Fairness and Equity Act (Camara communities of every class bracket. (A.10175)/Squadron (S.7927)) introduced earMost of those arrested are young men lier this year. of color, even though young white men use

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Quoted

Quick Hits! 1.1 25 30 33 40 600 8,900 Federal agents in Massachusetts found over 1.1 million dollars in cash and 118 pounds of finished Cannabis in a raid that resulted in no arrests, but surely one broke and pissed off dealer.

The amount in grams that New Yorkers are allowed to possess but not smoke under new decriminalization laws, which “Saturday Night Live” satirized in a recent skit about the hypocrisy of possession-but-not-smoking laws. Police in Springfield, Panama caught Johnny Vihn Nguyen, 25, and Sarah Joanna Mills, 25 in the process of making over 30 pounds of synthetic pot, mixing chemicals like acetone and bath salts with over the counter herbs. Age of Michael Barboza, who attacked another driver in a road rage incident wielding a rake, a move that lead Boston PD to discover his single Cannabis plant.

Tax percentage on recreational Cannabis proposed by Fairview, OR Mayor Mike Weatherby, a controversial move given that the state’s recreational law expressly prohibits local taxes from targeting Cannabis sales. The first auction for Cannabis was held in Washington, where I-502 producer Fireweed Farms sold 600+ pounds of flower to state licensed retailers.

$34 million worth of pot plants, according to Nevada law enforcement, was seized in a raid in Nye County. More than 8,900 plants were cut down in total in a huge blow to that illegal grow.

I DON’T THINK ANYONE IN THE INDUSTRY IS LOOKING TO MAKE PRODUCTS FOR CHILDREN, AND WE RESENT THIS IDEA THAT PEOPLE AREN’T RESPONSIBLE FOR [WHAT] THEY BRING INTO THEIR HOME. -Elyse Gordon, owner of Better Baked, a Denver company that makes edible pot products including teas, energy bars and candies, according to an article in The New York Times last month reporting that the state plans to institute new restrictive measures to keep Cannabis away from kids.

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion

Portland keeps on harassing Hempstalk City denies permit for 2015 in latest stunt

Active Doobie

Soldiers in legal states must continue to pass regular drug tests

dropped from 315 in fiscal 2012 to 250 in fiscal ith the number of states where marijua2013, according to Army data. The number of solna is now legal reaching four (plus the diers testing positive for pot at Fort Carson also District of Columbia), the U.S. military dropped over the same period, from 365 to 254. is still trying to enforce 20th century drug policies “The results of our continued drug testing demonof zero tolerance toward Cannabis, despite shifting strate the commitment soldiers have to the Army public opinion. profession, regardless of a state’s legalization of Alaska, Oregon and the District of Columbia marijuana,” Army spokesman Lt. Col. Benjamin have joined Colorado and Washington as legal haGarrett said. vens for weed, but the Army has gone to great pains “With 98 percent of the Army population to remind troops that state law doesn’t help servicetesting negative for illicit drugs, soldiers demonmen who smoke pot, reports RT.com. strate their ability to take responsibility for The military is governed by federal laws, under themselves, reinforcing the fact that our drug which marijuana possession remains a criminal oftesting program is working.” fense; use or possession of Cannabis Cases have already occurred also remains a crime under the UniThe military is still of spouses of military service form Code of Military Justice and governed by federal members getting stopped by base can result in court martial. laws under which marijuana possession guards while driving on base, Each branch of the military claims remains a criminal where marijuana legally authoto keep troops off marijuana by freoffense, and a crime rized by a physician under state quent drug testing and stiff penalties that could result law can get the soldier in trouble for those who test positive. in a court martial. under federal law. According to Army testing data Civilians caught bringing marrecently obtained by the Washington ijuana onto military bases face federal legal action Times, 30,836 of the 41,000 soldiers stationed at regardless of state law. For spouses that can mean Joint Base Lewis-McChord south of Tacoma were getting kicked out of base housing; some can lose tested in fiscal 2014; that’s about 75 percent. their jobs on base. Army Times reports that spousMeanwhile, at Fort Carson, Colorado, all 26,000 es who smoke legal marijuana “would be putting active duty personnel were tested. The number of their service member in a bad situation.” soldiers testing positive for pot at Lewis-McChord

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Photo by Daniel Berman

eptember’s Hempstalk Festival was a well-organized, orderly event, where plenty of information about the Cannabis hemp plant and its many uses was disseminated by activists and speakers, along with bands, vendors and bounteous opportunities for people-watching. What I did not see — and I attended the entire two-day festival — were people smoking or selling weed inside the event. Portland parks officials waited only a day after Oregon’s historic vote to legalize marijuana under Measure 91 to mail a letter to Hempstalk organizer Paul Stanford. It was a firm denial of his request to have next year’s festival at Portland’s Tom McCall Waterfront Park, or any other public property. City officials claim attendees smoked marijuana at the event and that organizers were “unable or unwilling to intervene,” but Stanford told me that when parks officials told him they’d seen someone selling marijuana inside the event, he told them to throw the guy out immediately. “While they did throw out the person in question, now they are trying to claim that we were somehow associated with him — and frankly, I believe the guy was a plant,” Stanford told this magazine. The denial of a 2015 permit is the latest development in a saga that includes rejection of the 2014 event, an unprecedented appeal, a Portland City Council debate about the decision, and a convoluted permitting process that ended days before the two-day event. Stanford had described Waterfront Park, home of Hempstalk, as “the only place” in Portland where people wouldn’t be using pot. “This is all about the police and the prohibitionist reactionaries, who are attacking us for any reason they can find,” said Stanford, who has attorneys filing an appeal to the city. “We will prevail, we will never surrender.”

national

By WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by MATT MILLS MCKNIGHT for NORTHWEST LEAF

Starting Bid

inside the first recreational pot auction

he first legal auction of Cannabis in the world sold more than 300 pounds of Cannabis into Washington’s legal pot system, bringing some much-needed product to processors and retailers who have been starving for new supply. Fireweed Farms is the 502 producer who scheduled and had the auction, making national headlines and bringing a spotlight to the small town of Prosser, near Yakima, Saturday Nov. 15. While many could be forgiven for imagining voluminous clouds of smoke with reggae music playing in the background, this auction was tightly controlled with a professional environment. Processors and retailers interested in buying were required to bring a copy of their license, and no smoking was allowed on site. Still Randy Williams, owner of Fireweed Farms, said the environment enhanced the event somehow.

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“We sold over 20 different strains, some of them as high as 25 percent THC. It was a lot of fun, it was cold, real cold, but everybody was smiling,” Williams said. “The buyers were happy because of how much money they were saving.” The 300 pounds sold for more than $400,000, of which 25 percent will be coming back to the state in the form of excise taxes. “We did pretty well, except I was misled on the taxes and thought that producer to processor wasn’t taxed. I had to send about $100,000 in tax revenue that will be due next month,” he explained. “But the history is worth whatever it costs. Well worth it. Five years ago they would have put us in jail for this.” The strains were almost all high THC options such as Girl Scout Cookies, Cinex and Deep Purple, but one lot was set aside for Williams. “I had 11 pounds of a high-CBD strain that helps benefit people with epilepsy and other illnesses, which ended up selling for $13,600. I promised to donate $14,000 to the local elementary food program, so that lot made up a big part of that donation,” he said. “I want to make sure that the local kids have the food they need this winter.”

Now that the auction is over, life is finally slowing down at Fireweed Farms. Williams was working 50 to 100 hours a week throughout the spring and summer, and had to bring in a crew of 20 workers full time for three weeks to make the harvest happen. Most of the product was sold at the auction, but he still has five workers on site packaging up grams of unsold product to go to 502 retailers across the state. Williams’ winter plans include a long vacation visiting family in Tucson and Washington, D.C., but he is excited to come back next April and put another crop into growth. He plans to do an auction again next year, and thinks it could become the norm for large-scale Cannabis operations like his. “I think there’s always going to be somebody who wants to get rid of a crop and give a good deal to buyers,” he said. “I like the format, and it worked well. I think the auction opened some doors for other people, too. The more you can promote something you believe in the better it will help the movement overall. Publicity is always a good thing, and we sure had a lot of it.”

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion

ACROSS THE NATION, PEOPLE ARE DEMANDING

LEGALIZATION! Our

country has accelerated the momentum to legalize marijuana and end the wider drug war. Marijuana legalization measures were voted in last month in Oregon, Alaska and Washington, D.C., while groundbreaking criminal justice reforms passed in California and New Jersey. “This Election Day was an extraordinary one for the marijuana and criminal justice reform movements,” said Ethan Nadelmann, executive director of the Drug Policy Alliance. “Oregon proved that Colorado and Washington were no flukes. “Washington, D.C., voters sent a powerful message to Congress that federal marijuana prohibition has no place in the nation’s capital,” he said. “Voters in Florida and Guam demonstrated that medical marijuana could win big even in fairly con-

servative jurisdictions. California and New Jersey revealed an electorate eager to reduce prison populations and the prison industrial complex. “These victories are even more notable for having happened in a year when Democrats were trounced at the polls,” Nadelmann added. “Reform of marijuana and criminal justice policies is no longer just a liberal cause but a conservative and bipartisan one as well. On these issues at least, the nation is at last coming to its senses.” November’s successes will boost efforts underway in California, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada and Arizona to end Canna-prohibition in 2016. A wider spectrum of drug policy reforms was on the ballot this November than ever before in U.S. history, on everything from sentencing and bail reform to decriminalization, MMJ and legalization.

November’s successes will boost the efforts underway in California, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada and Arizona to end Canna-prohibition in the next elections.

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alaska

NEW RECREATIONAL

Alaska is becoming the first “red” state and the fourth nationally to approve the legal regulation of marijuana. Ballot Measure 2 has 11,391 votes separating the “yes” and “no” votes — up an additional 1,767 votes from election night. Drug Policy Alliance supported this initiative with assistance on the drafting, and financial and other support.

California California voters took a significant step toward ending mass incarceration and the war on drugs by approving Proposition 47. On the heels of reforming the state’s threestrikes law in the 2012 election, Californians overwhelmingly voted to change six low-level, nonviolent offenses – including simple drug possession – from felonies to misdemeanors. Drug Policy Alliance helped draft the initiative and provided financial support for the campaign, Nadelmann said.

fLORIDA Fifty-seven percent of voters in Florida approved Amendment 2 to legalize medical marijuana, a ballot initiative that makes Florida,

States (and d.c.) with legalized medical marijuana

with its huge population and bellwether status in American politics, the very first state in the South to see a majority vote for mmj. Despite that 56% vote of support, it won’t be enacted into law because Florida requires 60 percent to pass a ballot initiative. No other state does. There may not yet be a medical Cannabis law in Florida, but these results send a powerful message throughout the South — and through Capitol Hill.

guam Guam’s medical marijuana initiative won by 56 percent, making it the first U.S. territory to approve such a law. Guam is conservative politically, and home to a significant U.S. military presence, so this resounding victory is another confirmation of medical marijuana’s broad support across the political spectrum. Drug Policy Action supported this initiative with assistance on its drafting.

NEW JERSEY Voters there approved Public Question No. 1 to reform New Jersey’s bail system. This will reduce the number of people behind bars for low-level drug law violations and ushers in broader bail reform because it is linked to comprehensive legislation, already signed by the governor, that overhauls the state’s broken bail system. DPA’s New Jersey office played a pivotal role in this campaign.

new mexico In New Mexico, voters in Santa Fe and Bernalillo counties voiced overwhelming support for marijuana decriminalization. Both the Santa Fe

and Bernalillo county ballots asked voters whether they supported decriminalization of 1 ounce or less of marijuana at a city, county and state level. The passage of the advisory questions proves that voters in both counties want to decriminalize small amounts of marijuana. While this doesn’t change current law, it is a vital step in ensuring elected officials know where New Mexicans stand on this issue. Bernalillo and Santa Fe counties represent one-third of the state’s population.

OREGON

NEW RECREATIONAL

Oregon voters overwhelmingly elected to make their state the third in the nation to legally regulate the production, distribution and sale of marijuana. Passage of Measure 91 accelerates the nationwide momentum in favor of legalizing marijuana. Like the historic laws adopted in Colorado and neighboring Washington two years ago, this new law will legalize possession of small amounts of marijuana for adults 21 and older and create a statewide system to regulate production and sales. DPA’s lobbying arm, Drug Policy Action, was the single largest donor to the Oregon campaign and was deeply involved in the measure’s drafting and on-the-ground campaign.

Washington, D.C.

NEW RECREATIONAL

Voters in the District of Columbia have approved Initiative 71, a ballot initiative that legalizes possession of up to 2 ounces of marijuana for adults over the age of 21 and allows individuals to grow up to six marijuana plants in their home. D.C. laws have prevented the ballot initiative from addressing the taxation and sale of marijuana,

M91 WINS

55.97% OF VOTE!

States with legalized recreational marijuana

Alaska, Colorado, Oregon, Washington state and D.C.

Alaska Arizona California Colorado Connecticut D.C. Delaware Hawaii Illinois Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Montana Nevada New Hamp. New Jersey New Mexico New York Oregon Rhode Island Vermont Washington

but officials there are considering a bill that would tax, regulate and strictly control the sale of marijuana to adults. The Drug Policy Alliance and Drug Policy Action provided significant financial assistance and played a leadership role in the Initiative 71 campaign — coordinating efforts around coalition building, voter outreach and advising on the drafting of the law, said Malik Burnett, the initiative’s campaign co-chair. This was the first legalization campaign in which the racial bias of marijuana enforcement played a major role. And it won with 69 percent of the vote — only 30 percent of voters cast ballots against the measure, and in only one of the city’s 143 precincts were there more votes against it than for it.

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national

By ATTORNEY PAUL LONEY for NORTHWEST LEAF

Reviewing Measure 91

LEGAL Q&A

The election is over and our neighbors in Oregon are among the four states (plus D.C.) which allow the use and sale of recreational pot by those over the age of 21. Now the state must answer several questions as it looks to implement its legalization law.

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1) WILL THE OREGON LIQUOR CONTROL COMMISSION ALLOW INVESTMENT BY NON-OREGON RESIDENTS? Measure 91 is silent as to residency requirements. Some people are advocating that the OLCC adopt requirements that will require that licensees be residents of Oregon for a period of time prior to submitting an application. Oregon is witnessing out-of-state investors buying property or Cannabis-related businesses. Some people feel we should protect the mom and pop businesses, the pioneers of the recreational market. Others are excited about allowing out-of-state investment opportunities. Should the OLCC protect Oregonians or allow a free flow of commerce?

2) IS EVERYONE REALLY ABLE TO NOW GROW FOUR CANNABIS PLANTS? No. First, this measure is limited to people 21 years of age and older. Second, there is a limit of four plants per household no matter the number of adults living in the household. Lastly, if you live within 1,000 feet of a school, you are unable to grow your four plants under Measure 91.

3) WILL THE OLCC LIMIT THE NUMBER OF RETAIL LICENSES IT GRANTS? Measure 91 allows the OLCC to take into account public interest or convenience, and seasonal fluctuations in populations, when deciding to issue licenses. This allows the OLCC to provide enough licenses to serve the needs of a population during peak seasons. This measure allows the OLCC to consider saturation issues and potentially limit the number of retail licenses based on population.

4) ARE LICENSED COMMERCIAL GROWERS ALLOWED TO GROW UNDER THE OMMP? Measure 91 is silent on this issue. However, this issue will be brought up and clarified during administrative rule making and the upcoming legislative session. The issue of proper tax collection under Measure 91 while limiting the potential for Measure 91 marijuana to be diverted into the Oregon Medical Marijuana Program will need to be addressed.

5) CAN A LOCAL JURISDICTION ZONE RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS OUT OF EXISTENCE? Cities and counties can adopt reasonable time, place and manner regulations of nuisance aspects for retail establishments. The city or county must make a specific claim of the adverse effects arising from the nuisance. This issue will most likely be addressed case by case in the court system. This is where Oregon business owners can look to Colorado and Washington for statistics and information on the nuisance effects, if any, arising from retail stores. Business owners might want to meet with local bureaucrats and politicians to address their concerns prior to Measure 91â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s implementation.

6) WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD FOR THE STATE OF OREGON AND THE RECREATIONAL MARIJUANA MARKET NOW DEVELOPING? The voters have spoken and want to see a viable commercial market for recreational marijuana. The OLCC realizes this, but will be subject to pressure from people who oppose Measure 91. Therefore, supporters of Measure 91 have to be vigilant and participate in the rule-making process. Remember what happened with HB3460? Proponents thought we would have medical marijuana dispensaries statewide, and then SB1531 snuck up on people who were not vigilant and cities and counties were allowed to impose moratoriums.

The author is a Portland attorney specializing in medical and recreational marijuana law. www.paulloneylaw.com

opinion

By NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCANDERSON

PHOTOS by NATE WATTERS for NORTHWEST LEAF

The thing about concentrates Thousands of butane canisters litter the ground following an explosion caused by an illegal lab outside of Humboldt last month. Police are still searching for the reckless producers. Photo courtesy Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office

24/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

If you’ve been anywhere near the medical marijuana movement in the past three years or merely exist in this pot culture time warp, you have seen the figurative (and actual) explosion of hash concentrates. Whether you prefer BHO, PHO, CHO, Co2 Oil, Honey Oil, Oil, Earl, Wax, Honeycomb, Comb, Crumble, Shatter, Sap, Sand, Beach Sand, Ice Wax, Ice Shatter, Bubble, Full Melt, RSO, Phoenix Tears, De-Waxed Shatter, Over Shatter, Sugar Wax, Dabs, Terp Sauce or Unicorn Blood, to name a few products, you’ll be medicating with a concentrated THC extraction created through a solvent or solventless method. The overwhelmingly largest amount of hash that has been introduced recently is from a solventless-extraction process known as butane extraction, which produces a product commonly known as BHO or Butane Hash Oil. With more cool names than a shelf of strains to describe it and its ingestion, hash in its many forms has slowly evolved as the leading alternative to dried blooms. So what are the pros and cons of using concentrates today?

THE GOOD

THE BAD

THE UGLY

The most effective of Cannabis treatments for life-threatening diseases are concentrates. When properly and responsibly administered, no other form of Cannabis is more effective in administering Cannabis for relieving symptoms. Using various methods of concentration, the medicinal benefits of Cannabis have been elevated to levels that would otherwise be impossible to ingest. It’s precisely at those levels, and sometimes only at these levels, that treatment is effective. It’s also due to the benefits of extracted and concentrated Cannabis that healthier ingestion for various treatments can be used, including oral ingestion, topical and vaporization. Evolving technology, ongoing research, and the design of existing devices and mechanisms have exciting promise for expanding the effectiveness of Cannabis treatments. Improved technology leads to increased precision in the creating the product. The potential to separate individual cannabinoids and terpenes now exists along with the possibility of its application at a pharmaceutical level. This could dramatically expand the range of ailments that medical Cannabis can treat and the speed of its effectiveness in providing relief. As patients and enthusiasts, it’s delightful to have an entirely new set of options for flavors, consistencies and methods. The bouquet of new tastes, smells and effects can be overwhelmingly amazing. The advent of the concentrated market allows for new ways to enjoy our favorite terps and cannabinoids. This enthusiasm has opened up many opportunities for others to create, innovate and service this new excitement. “Dab Life” culture, T-shirts, pins, stickers, containers, tools, mats, pads, attachments, torches, hats and the extraction process has provided arenas for people to make a valuable contribution to this market and create an income. There’s nothing new about people using glass art for medication, but the art of making glass pieces for people to smoke concentrates has exploded. Bob Snodgrass, Jerome Baker Designs and many others laid the foundation for a revolution that would find its second wind in the emergence of BHO. I know people who have whimsically decided to take up glassblowing, started hanging out 7 Point Studio in Seattle and now work with some of the world’s best glassblowers. The chance to express their creativity through glass and enjoy a market that provides financial security for their passion, is a welcomed friend.

About five years ago, I witnessed the thing of urban legends right outside my booth at Hempstalk in Portland. Someone was taken away by ambulance because of Cannabis. The rumor at the time was that some noob decided to huff a huge amount of “ear wax” then became convinced he was having a heart attack and passed out. Nothing probably happened to the young lad aside from some treatment for dehydration and heat exhaustion, but a line had been crossed. I never remember anyone, no matter how inexperienced, being able to ingest enough Cannabis in one sitting to pass out in a fit of anxiety. I’ve sat through some rough times while smokign regular flower, but the worst case would be group encouragement, perhaps a little retching, followed by hours of sleep and fogginess. The widely available forms of highly concentrated Cannabis allow users to take single dabs of 80 percent THC as though it were a bong hit. The results and corresponding media coverage are right there to exaggerate. I’ve always associated the ingestion of Cannabis as part of a lifestyle associated with health, wellness, mindfulness and compassion. Very little danger can be derived from growing a plant beneficial to humans and ingesting it. The federal government classifies Cannabis as a Schedule 1 narcotic, in the same category as heroin and bath salts. Discovering a way to administer Cannabis that uses a blow torch and a small glass device doesn’t help its image problem. Not only has weed smoking progressed to levels that an outsider might reasonably compare medicating with concentrates to freebasing pot, but people left and right have blown up their homes, themselves, and people and homes all around them just attempting to make these Cannabis products. It’s clear the butane hash revolution has brought increased risks associated with production and ingestion. It’s no longer people cooking butter on a stove top. These are volatile chemicals that require knowledge, experience and respect in handling. The lack of access to quality information on how to safely and effectively produce Cannabis concentrates has led to many accidents and pushed too much of the production underground. Assisted by testing facilities, producers can learn how to create a safe production facility, good products and an effective extraction. Good people are instituting checks and balances on concentrates by working with agencies, and establishing standards.

Increased demand for BHO has provided leeway for growers to hide mistakes and disguise the use of chemical toxins by blowing their blooms into oil. The average patient is capable of discerning high-quality dried flower from those that were not grown to potential and mishandled during drying and curing. The same is not true of BHO. In fact, it’s extremely difficult to get information about the material that was processed once it’s been extracted. If growers make critical errors during the grow that results in below average Cannabis, they can hide it by processing it into oil. If extractors are skilled enough, they will be left with at least a reasonable-quality BHO. It’s true that the best product in concentrates begins with the best starting material, but lots of BHO is made from trim. For some, this practice is limited to turning poorly grown plants into concentrates. But a more serious problem is growers disguising dangerous pesticides and chemical treatments, and diseases and infestations, by turning their round into BHO. Butane can transmit mold and other harmful pathogens to the product, if it exists in the starting material. Little information is available on the amount of residuals from chemical pesticides that can be ingested. But like any business seeing tremendous growth, some contributors and innovators will look to invent contrived new standards. Take for instance your rig: the pieces you smoke from. They have gotten pricey as demand increased. Spending $250 to $350 in a glass shop five years ago gave would get you just about every heady piece, donut, implosion and wigwag in the shop, with the exception of a small number of elaborate pieces that were as much for display as for sale. Now you can’t get full-size, completely clear name brands for that. Who is being serviced when identical glass pieces are being churned out, marketed and price gunned at $800 to $1,000? Both good and bad, the hash revolution is here to stay. With the advent of solventless extraction, the majority of the concerns and issues that exist simply melt away. Combined with some of the newer regulations that ensures increased safety through mandates for safer equipment and processes, it’s my hope that the hillbilly blasting of the past will return to more patient-focused processes and procedures. Provided that basic safety measures are used and the production of the product is left to those with experience, intelligence and the resources to produce it properly, concentrated Cannabis has a viable, safe and absolute space in this world.

dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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By TYLER J. MARKWART | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN

Thursday Nov. 20, 2014

‘‘

LET’S BE REALISTIC, A TODDLER ISN’T GOING TO WALK INTO A DISPENSARY AND GET SERVED MARIJUANA.”

TOUGH DECISIONS AHEAD FOR SEATTLE Proposed regulations on medical Cannabis aimed at protecting minors from accessing medicine brought out hundreds of people to a thoughtful, balanced meeting at Seattle City Hall last month.

was a very drizzly Thursday night when a few hundred patients, activists, business owners, community leaders and government employees met at City Hall in downtown Seattle to discuss the future of regulating medical marijuana within city limits. The city of Seattle’s Medical Marijuana Symposium brought together some of the most influential people in the Cannabis community. A lot of excellent points were made and a lot of good questions were raised, but both the city and the Cannabis community have a lot of work ahead to create safe access for our patients and our communities. Medical marijuana is technically not legal in Washington. RCW 69.51a is an affirmative defense law that allows patients with a valid doctor’s authorization the right to raise an affirmative defense in a jury trial after being arrested for marijuana. In 2012, voters passed I-502, which essentially is a decriminalization law that has a tax and regulate scheme, and which might not hold up to

a court challenge. The problem with both of those laws is that neither of them legalizes marijuana or removes any of the old laws pertaining to Cannabis being illegal. Washington voters were deceived when it came to “legalization” with I-502 and they were told it wouldn’t affect medical marijuana. But here we are, and many of us are scrambling to save our access. David Mendoza is the policy adviser for Seattle’s mayor and was the emcee for the symposium. David has a strong background in public policy and has met with many of us in the medical Cannabis trade. With meetings like this and an open discussion about policy changes, we have the potential to sculpt proper public policy that can lay the foundation for a healthy economy and community. Scientific information was presented by Analytical 360, Phytalab and Confidence Analytics, which are the state’s leading Cannabis testing facilities. A few of the more notable points in the evening were made by Jennifer Pettyjohn and Oscar Velasco-Schmitz. Jennifer is a senior planner for the city

and provided the audience with some fantastic maps of where potential zoning areas could be located under a variety of circumstances. Oscar, the director and co-founder of Dockside Medical CO-OP and Dockside Recreational marijuana access points, shined a light on community perceptions and fears. “Let’s be realistic,” he said, “a toddler isn’t going to walk into a dispensary and get served marijuana.” While many laughed at the absurdity of the thought, it still is a fear for many who are not familiar with Cannabis. While the medical Cannabis market in Washington has been one of the longest running, positive, free-market examples to date, I think we can all agree some basic regulations are needed for business permits and in the tax code so business owners can operate more transparently and, most importantly, have access to financial benefits such as bank accounts, loans, 401(k)’s and health benefits. Landlords, business owners, employees and patients will all benefit with a simple structure for operating within city limits. Something that wasn’t addressed at the symposium was if the Legislature combines medical and recreational marijuana, how will patients who visit other states have access to MMJ dispensaries in those states? Many states allow for reciprocity but if doctors won’t write authorizations to patients because there is no law protecting either of them, how can patients have safe access? With a lot of work ahead for the industry, the city and the Legislature, one group has the most important job of all: patients. Contact your local officials, and your state representatives and senators, to tell them you want safe access to your medicine and that patients are not criminals.

dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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By MIGGY420, SHAREN MARSHALL, MINDI GRIFFITH & KRISTIN FLOR

DECEMBER PRISONER UPDATE News from the front lines of tHE HUMAN SOLUTION Prison outreach

good man is being treated like a criminal by an asshole with power. The man, imprisoned for a plant, lost the opportunity to be a father. A daughter lost her opportunity to be with her father. This man would’ve been more of an asset to the world, to his nation, to his community. This man’s name is Richard DeLisi. After being incarcerated for more than 25 years, he will see a judge Dec. 1 to correct his 90-year prison sentence. Join the Human Solution’s mission to free Richard by joining the DeLisi Project. We are trying to flood the judge with letters from across the nation. Visit our website for more details. Another man who has been in prison since the 1980s risks going into solitary confinement every week to call into our radio show. Craig Cesal has lost his life as a U.S. citizen, but not as a human being. Craig is being forced to sign medical forms against his will, and forced into isolation and various other forms of torture, all after being convicted for a plant. After his medical care was denied, the Human Solution flooded the prison with calls. Ferntucky Medical adopted Craig and hired an attorney to help him. Craig was told “people” do not like the external support he is getting, but please send Craig a letter of encouragement and let him know his story will not be lost in the sorry chronicles of the drug war. You can find his address on our website. Finally, we highlight this month’s prisoner who needs adoption. Vietnam War veteran Kenny Kubinski is in his 60s, he’s kind, gentle and humble,

and he is serving a life sentence because a prosecutor accused him of using his crop-dusting plane to import and distribute marijuana. When Kenny was charged, he was a husband and a father of three children. His wife also was charged and served seven years, forcing their children into the foster care system. Kenny’s sentence stripped him of the life he established on the outside, a life that we all deserve: To be with the ones we love. Kenny was accused of importing and distributing marijuana, but does it really matter what his role was when it comes to a plant? The sentence that Kenny and so many others have received shouldn’t be called a life sentence. It’s a death sentence, because that’s all that prison allows once you’re behind those walls. If you find time this holiday season, send Kenny Kubinski some emotional or financial support, and consider permanently adopting him. No jail for a plant!

Washington news

ebbie Brechler and Josh Mauk have won their fight for their children. A guardian ad litem determined the kids are right where they belong. If everything goes well, they will not have state Child Protective Services in their lives too much longer. However, they still face state charges and are in risk of losing their freedom. As a result of Jack and Sally pin sales, Josh and Debbie were able to hire David Arganian. A silent auction fundraiser at MMJ Universe in Black Diamond, Wash. raised more money to hire David. Thank you to all who helped. Thank you to all the

court supporters who have been showing up in court; it has made a big difference to them. We are showing the community that we stand behind our plant defendants! Jude Joseph Ortiz, a father of five from Yakima, will be sentenced soon in a case that arose from a raid in August 2011 of his mother’s home for a legal grow. After a trial and the incarceration of his other family members, he is facing 24 years. The court canceled his sentence several times regardless of our rallies, protest and support in the courtroom from his family and Human Solution members. A formal complaint was filed to the Washington Bar Association about the lack of help from the public defender. Please write a letter to judge David Elofson requesting a retrial and fair treatment for our hero, Jude. The Kettle Falls 5 trial starts Dec. 1, and we will have an update on their trial in the next issue. We encourage everyone who has any kind of business associated with marijuana to support these defendants. Any of us could have our family torn apart, possessions and family heritage stolen, and money and medicine confiscated by our federal government.

Oregon News

total end to prohibition is the ultimate goal for pro-Cannabis activists, but the passage of Measure 91 has the potential to keep people out of jail for a plant. The Multnomah County District At-

No one should go to jail for a plant! 32/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

torney’s Office released a statement after voters legalized recreational Cannabis use in Oregon: “Because it is clear that a significant majority of voters in Multnomah County support the legalization of marijuana in certain amounts, this office will dismiss the pending charges related to conduct which will otherwise become legal July 1, 2015.” Measure 91 will allow adults to grow four plants and to possess up to 8 ounces of dried Cannabis per household. The measure also ends an officer’s ability to obtain a warrant due to the smell of Cannabis. The district attorney will dismiss about 50 pending Cannabis cases in Multnomah County. However, one case in Oregon that does appear to be going forward is the State vs. Joy Graves. Joy is an ordained spiritual leader of the federally recognized Oklevueha Native American Church. She and her co-defendant, Raymond Martin, are facing 10 years for cultivation charges because she grew Cannabis, an important part of the ceremonies she leads, on church property. She pled with the court Oct. 30 to dismiss the case due to a lack of jurisdiction. She is adamant that this matter is federally protected and not in the realm of the states’ control because she consumes Cannabis for spiritual use. At the October hearing, church elder James Warren “Flaming Eagle” Mooney was called as a witness by the defense. He affirmed the validity of Joy’s branch of the Oklevueha Native American Church. James testified to the history of Cannabis as a sacrament and healing plant on our planet and the important way the earth-based faith uses it for worship. He also discussed federal laws protecting Native Americans from religious persecution. The district attorney questioned James’ testimony by saying Cannabis came to the United States from Mexico. James laughed and stated he felt it was a ridiculous statement and that Cannabis grows all over the world. James then let out a “Geesh.” After hours of testimony from James and Joy, the court determined they were out of time and needed to schedule a new court date. The attorneys for Raymond and Joy asked the court to consider dropping the restraining order between the two defendants. Joy is Raymond’s spiritual leader and the no-contact order prevented him from seeking her guidance. The judge did agree to allow them to see each other for spiritual reasons, but said no intoxicants would be allowed. Raymond’s attorney reminded the court that it is OK for alcohol to be part of a religious ceremony and to be served to minors and that Cannabis should be no different. Joy is very concerned for her church member and co-defendant.

Joy explained, “(Raymond Martin) came all the way from Kansas City, Missouri, trusting that this church would give him sanctuary as the refugee he was. He was in prison for meth back there and fought out, was falling back into it — his mother and kids agreed it was best that our church help him get clear of that garbage. They thought sending him out would save him from that life. Oregon wishes to punish him for the only plant that can.” There are no victims besides the defendants and their families in this case. Joy has been a Cannabis activist in Oregon for many years. It is time we support her and help keep her and Raymond out of prison. Join us Dec. 4 at 3:30 p.m. in the Grant County Circuit Courthouse in Canyon City, Oregon. The power of court support is ending prohibition around the nation — every person who shows up to support Raymond and Joy will make a difference.

N at i o n a l n e w s As a result of Joy’s raids, she and Crockett Anderson have formed a chapter of The Human Solution in Oregon. Billy Fischer also started our first chapter in Idaho. Throughout the nation this month, chapters have formed in California, Alaska, Florida and Arizona to fight prohibition. The Human Solution has a goal to have a chapter in every city to provide support to our defendants and prisoners. It is our mission to end this war. We are trying to raise awareness about jury nullification, the prison systems and our civil rights. Call 951-934-0055 or go to thsintl.org to start a chapter in your area. Please listen to our radio show, live every Sunday morning. No one deserves to go to prison or die for our plant. No victim = no crime = not guilty.

THERE ARE NO VICTIMS BESIDES THE DEFENDANTS AND THEIR FAMILIES IN THIS CASE. You can help drug war prisoners. Visit www.the-human-solution.org to learn about this mission. dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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8 PROFILE

Questions for the litigator

attorney doug hiatt on how medical Cannabis can stick around for good

By TYLER J. MARKWART | PHOTO by DANIEL BERMAN

36/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

‘‘

Don’t let somebody else speak for you — speak directly with your elected officials and demand a meeting to sit down and talk to them.

#1 You’re representing a client who is challenging Washington state about having to pay taxes on medical cannabis sales. will this also challenge I-502’s tax and regulate scheme? The lawsuit has been re-filed, I talked to the attorney general last week. I’m not challenging I-502, I’m saying the state cannot tax marijuana at all, because it is a Schedule One substance (in Washington state) they can’t tax it because they invariably trample on your Fifth Amendment rights. I’m just mystified that everybody just continues to think we’re just going to keep passing all these laws and doing all this shit, and I’m like really? If I go to court and I get a ruling that they cannot tax medical marijuana or any kind of marijuana, the judge will come out and say they can’t tax any of it and that makes I-502 dead in the water. #2 So what happens to the I-502 market if they decide the state cannot collect pot taxes? After that I don’t know what happens. I think the entire thing fails because it is a tax and regulatory scheme, except for of course the DUI and the decriminalization changes. I think those things stay because those are changes to state law that are not effected by the taxes. I think the tax and regulatory scheme will get wiped out unless the Washington state Legislature and the United States Congress removes it from both the state and federal controlled substance lists.

#5 How will the change in washington’s Attorney’s office affect patients? I’m not sure there will be any drastic change from before. I think that if enforcement action is going to be ordered, former Western Washington State Attorney General Jenny Durkan would have been extremely resistant to that. I do not know at all for [her successor], Annette Hayes. #6 If the legislature removes the medical marijuana laws currently in effect, will patients be able to access cannabis here or other states honoring reciprocity law? Them eliminating the affirmative defense or medical marijuana would be making a huge error. Medical marijuana polls have support levels that just blow the mind. You cannot get 85 percent of Americans to agree that the sun will rise tomorrow morning, but 87.6 percent in the latest national poll that I saw support the use of medical marijuana under a doctor’s OK. If the legislature toys with medical marijuana in an effort to prop up the horribly misguided I-502 system they will rue that day. #7 Can Seattle and the Mayor’s office do anything to protect patients’ rights?

If the judge in California removes it from Schedule One, she will say it is no longer that level drug because it has accepted medical use. Then she will say it can’t be in Schedule One, and she will leave it up to the Drug Enforcement Agency to reschedule it. Then the DEA will have to hold hearings and all that bullshit and who knows what the fuck would happen. But that would impact criminal prosecutions. The underlying basis for the charge would be gone because of such a ruling. Prosecutors couldn’t move forward on cases because there is no underlying law making that substance illegal.

Well, yeah they could. But unfortunately they won’t and what has happened is if you look at Seattle City Councilman Nick Licata’s Urban Politics Newsletter which talks about the symposium that was held (see page 29), it’s clear that the “progressives” or the “limousine liberals” as I like to call them, they believe that I-502 needs to be supported and needs to be saved, propped up, hence Licata’s decision. I think just a horrible time is coming up, largely because the ACLU and those “progressives” are invested in I-502 and they feel like they have to do these things to make I-502 viable and make it work. Because they know that the free market that exists right now will crush I-502. The free market will crush any system as ineffective as I-502.

#4 What is the problem between state and federal marijuana laws being contradicting?

#8 how can patients get involved and stand up for their rightS?

A state can legalize marijuana by repealing its own laws, but a state can not tax marijuana as long as marijuana remains federally illegal under 21.USC.903 because the state is acting outside of Congress and federal law reigns supreme. I believe that the problem is that the states can’t independently tax marijuana when federal law 21.USC.903 is out there. Now the state can legalize marijuana if it wants to by repeal, but the state cannot affirmatively frustrate the purpose of the federal law, it gets struck down. Congress’ purpose is not to replace state laws. Congress’ purpose is to say that marijuana has absolutely no medical purpose and it is totally prohibited under Schedule One. The Supremacy Clause makes federal law supreme and that’s what makes I-502 tax and regulation scheme pre-emptive. I-502 never repealed any of the laws that pertained to making marijuana illegal. All they did was create new laws that say marijuana is decriminalized for a certain group of people and they attempted to implement a horribly written initiative.

Don’t punt the responsibility to people that the legislature has no respect for. Don’t let others be your voice in Olympia, contact your reps! We want people to support the de-felonization bill that is coming up which is also really important. Don’t let somebody else speak for you, speak directly to your legislature, demand a meeting to sit down and talk with them. Tell them you’re a law-abiding constituent and also a sick person. That you are disabled and you’re depending on this. And if they screw you over that you will remember. Write letters to the editor of your local newspapers like crazy. Participate in any public forums that you can, talk about supporting medical marijuana when you’re in line for coffee. Just get involved and spread the word. It’s not a day too soon! Everybody is an agent for change, provided they open their fucking mouth.

#3 What can you tell us about the federal criminal case on MMJ going through California?

sensiblewashington.org

Learn more on drug law reform and how to contact legislators

dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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recipes

By LAURIE WOLF for NORTHWEST LEAF | PHOTOS by BRUCE WOLF for NORTHWEST LEAF

CHOCOLATE BARK WITH NUTS & SEEDS 1) In the top of a double boiler melt the chocolate along with the Canna-butter. Stir until it all melts. 2) Pour the chocolate onto parchment paper and spread with a rubber scraper until somewhat even. 3) Top the still wet chocolate with all of the remaining ingredients and allow to set in the fridge for at least 30 minutes. Break into pieces to eat or package.

INGREDIENTS

2 cups chopped bittersweet chocolate 1-2 tablespoons Canna-butter ¼ cup pepita seeds ¼ cup sliced almonds

Homemade treats can make for the best gifts. This year. I am giving all my card-carrying friends some medicated butter and oil for Christmas. That way people can make their own medicated magic. I made this butter with the powerful Chem Dog strain, a personal favorite. I have four pounds of Chem Dog butter that I am going to turn into hundreds of holiday cookies!

¼ cup chopped cashews Sprinkle with sea salt

TASTY TIP: There is no such thing as too much aged balsamic vinegar, or a year’s supply of Mama Lil’s Peppers. Gift certificates to havens like Olympic Provisions and Salum make great gifts.

40/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

SCALLION, CILANTRO & LIME GARLIC BUTTER 1) In a medium bowl combine all the ingredients. Divide the butter between two 4-ounce sealable jars. Keep in the fridge. Makes 2-4 1-oounce jars

INGREDIENTS

7 ounces Canna-butter, softened 2 tablespoons finely chopped scallion 1 tablespoon finely chopped cilantro 1 clove garlic, minced Juice of ¼ lime Pinch sea salt

SPICY HOLIDAY NUTS 1) Heat oven to 250 F. When ready, place the nuts on a baking sheet (make sure it has sides) and bake for 30 minutes. 2) In a small saucepan heat the Canna-butter and Worcestershire on low. Add salt, garlic and onion powder and stir til’ ingredients are dissolved. 3) Remove the tray from the oven and pour the sauce over the nuts. Toss well and return to the oven for an additional 30 minutes. Allow to cool thoroughly before eating or packaging.

INGREDIENTS

1 cup peanuts 1 cup pecans 1 cup whole almonds 1 cup cashews 1 cup pepita seeds 4 tablespoons Canna-butter 3 tablespoons Worcestershire sauce 1 teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon garlic powder ½ teaspoon onion powder

dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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NORTHWEST LEAF

STRAIN OF THE MONTH By WES ABNEY | PHOTO by DANIEL BERMAN

THE SMELL OF RASPBERRY SKUNK

fills the air with delight when a nug of this classic Permafrost is cracked. This original cut of Permafrost comes from the Emerald Triangle in Northern California and was created through a cross of Trinity Snow and Cali Mist. Brian was able to save six seeds and in 2004 and select the most potent phenotype, which is known for the sweet smell and extremely heavy effects. The test results prove it, with 23.67% THC bringing a ton of medicinal relief and pleasure. produced by Brian Sledge Each nug is covered in frosty trichomes that sparkle and dance under a bright light. The flower is moderately dense, but easy to break up for multiple methods of smoking. By far, the best part about this flower is the taste. It is one of the sweetest tasting smokes we have ever tried! The flower burns quickly and evenly, leaving a clean raspberry flavor that tickles the palate. Effects are mighty, with a quick onset head and body high that leaves you glued to whatever surface you happen to be sitting on. The nice part is that the internal head high is still somewhat clear, though this strain can lead to the giggles for even the most experienced of Cannabis users. We found the strain great for afternoon or nighttime use, especially for pain or anxiety. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s also a perfect option for relaxing with friends and family and enjoying the holidays.

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PATIENTS IN WASHINGTON NOW HAVE NINE MARKETS SPREAD FROM KITSAP TO SPOKANE TO OLYMPIA, ALL OFFERING

SAFE ACCESS HOW PATIENTS ARE BEING HELPED BY FARMER’ S MARKETS

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BY F WS EA Y VIE T L NE ER ES AB INT RTHW WES NO ITOR ED

MEDICAL CANNABIS IN A COMMUNAL ENVIRONMENT.

THE HEART

of medical Cannabis law is is the ability to grow our own medicine and share it with other patients without living in fear of prosecution. There is no place where this fundamental right is more clearly defined than in our thriving medical Cannabis farmers markets. Every day, patients across the state come together to share their home-grown medicine with a vibrant community that values health, safety and personal liberties. Today I tell you that right is at risk of disappearing. Washington voters passed RCW 69.51a in 1998, and patients have steadily gained more rights and protections in a changing legal environment. Instead of hiding behind Craigslist and shady delivery services, farmers markets became available for patients to access their medicine safely and directly from the grower. This model was pioneered in Washington by Jeremy and Kitty Miller, whose World Famous Cannabis Market opened the door for the access patients enjoy. The biggest benefit of these markets is direct access to farmers. Patients are able to meet the producer behind the medicine, ensure that it is grown safely, and most importantly, ensure that the medicine is right for their condition. Also, it’s the best prices in the world for the best medicine in the world! Unfortunately, our state legislators don’t seem concerned about patient’s actual safety or their financial conditions (how about health conditions, too?) All too many representatives and public officials are loking the other way, happily urging forcing patients into the 502 retail system, where mention of medicinal benefits is illegal and prices are easily three to four times as expensive as what markets charge. Some have proposed removing the home-grow provision of our law, which would take away patient rights to grow a plant. So here’s the deal. Washington made a huge mistake when it “legalized” a plant that is still illegal to grow. We cannot allow that to happen to our medical Cannabis law. The right to produce our own medicine and share it is as important as our right to bear arms and our right to freedom of speech! If we don’t start fighting now, it might be too late. I can’t wait for the day that patients take medical Cannabis rights as seriously as George Washington took our Constitution, as Martin Luther King Jr. took civil liberties, as the LGBTQ community has taken their rights to sexuality and marriage, and as the NRA has taken the right to bear arms. This is a plant, people, and it is ours to grow. The time has come to be vocal about our rights, and demand equal treatment for all plants and all people! So call your legislator, city council or local representative to let them know how much farmers markets mean to you! To remind you of why they are important, we have highlighted the best of what Washington has to offer. Consider as you get to know these seven markets are dramatically improving patient’s lives and what would happen if they get taken away. We can’t, and more importantly, will not let that happen. Never.

SAFE ACCESS

Whether you relax into the humming lull of the ferry to get to this first market or traverse a moody I-5 and Highway 16, the trip out to Port Orchard is a beautiful one that all patients would enjoy! The payoff when you get to the place is the access to top-notch and friendly vendors, set in a large room that is accessible and nicely organized. While you won’t

Kitsap Cannabis Farmers Fair Sat./Sun. 11a-6p | 4211 Feigley Rd. W., Port Orchard 98367 | www.kitsapcannabisfair.com

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? We provide an atmosphere that allows patients to meet with other patients and be able to communicate and share their medicine. Patients are able to get in touch with collectives that they wouldn’t normally be able to, and get access to medicine they might not find at a storefront access point. W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? H o w ’ s t h e v i b e ? It varies from week to week, but we get about 200-300 patients each week. Patients are able to find people here that can help them with their gardening and medicinal needs. A dispensary is working on a lot different overhead, but here we have a club, basically, where they can come together and share medicine. It makes it so they really have the ability to find somebody who can help them. A lot of dispensaries you pay more per gram and it isn’t always top quality. But for the good growers, the medicine costs are a lot cheaper, and they pass it on to the patients. They come here and are able to cooperatively work with other patients within the law and access medicine for less, and that’s what patients should be getting. This is an herbal plant that helps us, not a pharmaceutical that has to chemically created. h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ? Right now on Fridays we have as many as 56 vendors each day between the two locations. And, about 67 vendors that actively participate on a regular basis. We have been able to help some folks displaced by Seattle or other ordinances. The markets employ 29 patients, and we are hiring a few more. More than 200 folks make their living directly through the market. It’s pretty amazing how things have grown for us over time. w h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r storefront does not?

‘‘

IF YOU COME IN HERE, YOU ARE DEALING WITH ACTUAL PATIENTS, NOT JUST SOMEONE TRYING TO SELL YOU SOMETHING.

Dealing with a storefront collective you have more of a business setup, so it is more about the money. The market is more casual with a real patient-to-patient atmosphere. If you come in here, you are dealing with actual patients, not just someone trying to sell you something like retail. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? There’s a lot to say. If they get rid of ability for markets to exist, low-income patients are going to have to grow their own medicine and it will be more expensive for them. Growing collectively is a lot cheaper for patients, and since a lot of patients are sick with debilitating conditions that limit their

INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by CHRIS WILSON for NORTHWEST LEAF ability to grow, the patients won’t be able to afford their medicine. With patients needing the Cannabis that they need, it makes it hard when the state is trying to draw it all into a retail system for the sole purpose of tax revenue. If they take away our rights to grow, no patient will be able to afford or find the medicine they need in a 502 retail system. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e I’d say more recognition in the community for farmers markets as being a benefit as opposed to something looked down on because we are taking away taxes that 502 is trying to collect. We need to get together and form a real coalition that helps us go to legislators to protect our rights. We already voted in MMJ, and now the possibility exists that they might try wipe us out. We need to work together so we don’t lose what we have. This is real patient-to-patient connections.

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SAFE ACCESS

Spokane has suffered DEA raids and other attacks on patient access in years past — and so this market is a real benefit to the community out there. The building offers patients the ability to obtain medicine from a whole variety of sources. The fact that the market is open on multiple days means vendors can serve people who may have to work (or sleep in) on the weekends.

Eastern Washington Cannabis Market T-Th, Sun. 10a-6p Fri./Sat 10a-8p 5953 E. 3rd Ave Spokane 99202 | www.ewacannabis.org

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? We have the best selection east of Seattle. We stock over 120 strains individually that don’t overlap, and we try to keep multiple CBD options. Even some which contain no THC, like Hemp Meds paste. We can help patients who need non-psychoactive options. Our atmosphere is also key. We verify patients at the front, and then they have a fun, open atmosphere that isn’t restricted or judgmental. We are just here to help patients especially those who are interested in non-psychoactive Cannabis options. W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? How’s the vibe? We average around 80 patients each day, six days a week. We find they come here because of the competitive atmosphere of the market. They always find what they need here, and if it isn’t here, then we will bring it in if someone requests it. There is a great variety and lower costs here. h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ?

‘‘

WE ARE JUST HERE TO HELP PATIENTS, ESPECIALLY THOSE INTERESTED IN NON-PSYCHOACTIVE CANNABIS OPTIONS.

The market right now has six vendors, with three more completing the paperwork. What it has done is taken growers out of the shadows, taken them away from the black market or Craigslist, it gives them the option to start paying taxes and be productive citizens. And to create a job history, something they can build a future on. We have created 10 new tax-paying small businesses for Spokane. It has been very valuable for the growers to share their medicine, so they can share the methods and the information about how it was grown and the testing results, fromAnalytical 360. So when the grower has really special meds, like high-CBD Charlotte’s Web, patients know this is true medicine and gives the market real credibility and value. w h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r s t o r e f r o n t d o e s n o t ? Besides the variety of strains it’s basically a one-stop-shop mini-mall for anything Cannabis related. There are genetics here, 30 varieties of clones, seeds, plants ready to flower at times; there is every possible kind of concentrate with processor on site and more. Patients know that what they are paying top dollar for is purged and safe. Basically, we offer peace of mind and variety. They know it’s going be a reasonable price and top quality. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? The message would be that this is a grassroots business. We are creating an economy from the bottom up, we are testing medicine, and we have direct ac-

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INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by RAJAH BOSE for NORTHWEST LEAF cess to all info and methods. We want to keep it in small batches and medicinally potent, free of contaminants and microbes and molds. We’re really safeguarding true medicine and won’t allow brick weed to take over true medicine. We are going to stay completely on top of new science and methods to make the best medicine. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e To continue to serve the MMJ community here in Spokane. Every single vendor here pays sales tax and has a regulatory license through the city, so we’ve all had background checks and meetings at City Hall with law enforcement, the city attorney and planning commissioner. Every vendor is vetted, all taxes are paid monthly and the market pays taxes as a separate entity. With 10 different tax-paying businesses in one building, I believe this model could work for other markets. It would give the state more control while also balancing patient rights and needs. We need intelligent regulations and licensing so that we’re accountable and able to operate.

SAFE ACCESS

Set on a picturesque nursery property, MMJ Universe is one of the most pastoral and relaxing experiences to enjoy your Cannabis in. There is even a massage artist on-site! There are multiple rooms of this greenhouse filled with vendors and patients will find that they are more than willing to talk at length about their products. That’s dedication to doing it right!

MMJ Universe Saturdays 11a-6p 26130 SE Green Valley Rd, Black Diamond 98010 | MMJUniverse.com

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? The atmosphere at this market is distinctly different. It’s a farm, we have a petting zoo, live music, live glassblowers and really good food, but what makes it special are the patients. We have a different demographic out in the country. We’ve had the same vendors for a very long time and they work together as a community to help patients. No questions about it. It’s a really nice mellow, happy atmosphere. W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? H o w ’ s t h e v i b e ? 500-600 every weekend. Patients come here for two major reasons. There’s an enormous amount of variety that you don’t find at an access point or recreational store and, of course, the prices. eople who have to pay out of pocket for medicine need the best price, and farmers markets offer it cheaper than anything, including the black market. What sets farmers markets apart is the direct access patients have to breeders, growers and processors. They have direct access to the person making their medicine. I can’t think of any other model that allows that.

‘‘

h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ?

MOST PEOPLE DON’T COME HERE, GET MEDICINE AND TAKE OFF. IT’S AN EVENT.

We have 28 vendors who are individual collectives and businesses, and then we have ancillary vendors like glass and food and music. During summer, we have a vegetable and egg stand, and art walks set up. The big untold story about the fight to save MMJ is the thousands of people creating great medicine supporting themselves, their families and employees through the donations patients give them. I don’t hear anyone talk about that. If we didn’t have highly skilled processors and growers, we wouldn’t have this great medicine. The overall picture of how it works for patients right now, that story isn’t getting told. W h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r s t o r e f r o n t d o e s n o t ? The variety and the community. Most people don’t come here, get medicine and take off. It’s an event. They come every single week, they share ideas and stories of support and become great friends. It’s a very vibrant community that we have going on here. Most patients wouldn’t give it up for anything, and will drive hours every weekend to get here. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? The politicians don’t understand why farmers markets work so well. The growers go straight to their patients directly in an off-site manner that allows them to provide medicine at the lowest possible donation that exists.

INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN Until a lot of changes happen on a federal level, these medicines are a life-anddeath need and costs must be kept as low as possible. Farmers markets are the best way to ensure that. The vast majority of patients won’t find what they need in a recreational store, so they must have access to growers and to collectives. It’s safe and more inviting to allow growers to bring their medicine to a farmers market where the patients can reliably access them every weekend than to force them into the black market. The true spirit of the law is at risk of being flushed out -- this is a natural evolution of the law and it should be observed in how it works, maintained and ultimately protected. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e ? Just to keep it going, not just for patients but for the growers who depend on this to access their patients. I think this is in danger. The Legislature doesn’t understand, and they are so concerned about a pound of flesh tax that they aren’t concerned about patients. They need to listen to the patients much more closely and protect their rights!

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SAFE ACCESS

The pool tables are there to play Monday to Saturday, but on market days, the tables get covered with medicine and tons of different edibles and extracts for offer to patients, many who wisely endulge in one of the housemade sandwiches available at the café counter. Be sure to light up and keep relaxing in the room’s unpretentious splendor.

The Market With A Heart Sundays 11a-5p 527 Devoe St. SE, Olympia 98503 | Facebook.com/marketwithaheart

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? For starters, we are open to a lot of education here. Any questions patients have from seed to finished product we can answer for them. We also have a grow shop representative on site, so any question you could possibly have about growing we have covered. We have people that are well-stooped in cancer research, several cancer survivors that come weekly and several patients that share stories of surviving stage-four cancer. Overall, patients love the market because of the fellowship that we have here.

‘‘

W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? H o w ’ s t h e v i b e ?

WE HAVE FUN BUT WE REALLY STRESS FAMILY. THIS MARKET IS TO HELP OUT AND PAY IT BACK.

We have around 50 patients through the door each weekend and all of our vendors are patients. We provide a unique feel for patients. It’s not about money here, not dollars and cents. Our tables even have a suggested price instead of a fixed rate. What I like is the tables of edibles and topicals are available, and those aren’t high-markup items so we take care of the vendors. The patients know that, and it reflects in the pricing and donations. You can get a much better deal here than a lot of dispensaries. h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ? We’ve had a number of vendors over the last year. At the last market we had seven vendors. But not all of them are making a living from it, it is more about an opportunity to share their medicine. It’s a market where you have people sharing instead of having people trying to make a living. They are giving away a lot of medicine, it’s just incredible. It’s really wonderful what we have going on. We really are the market with the heart. There’s nobody that gets the cold shoulder. W h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r s t o r e f r o n t d o e s n o t ? We offer affordable pricing and a sense of community. The atmosphere and the environment here is key. We have patients like Peggy Button who are often here sharing their wealth of knowledge. She shares how to process medicine into a form that can be baked with and has a method that helps! Monday through Saturday we are also an all-age pool hall. It’s all about respect here, no alcohol, and it’s kind of like church for pool. We have fun, but we really stress family. This market is to help out and pay it back, but it is separate from the pool hall. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? The state has approved so many pesticides for I-502, and I don’t think peo-

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INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by KATHY STRAUSS for NORTHWEST LEAF ple should be using any. That alone should be reason enough to grow your own, and to trade amongst ourselves. You should grow your own Cannabis just like you should grow your own food, because you want to know what’s in it. Same reason you pick your own apples or catch your own fish...it’s because you want the most top-quality products to go into your body. If you are sick, then you need the purest of the pure going into you. You need that with your Cannabis. It’s a commodity. The state is not taxing you for growing a cauliflower, or to make beer and trade it. So what is the problem with farmers markets? [Why are they being taxed] other than the state’s greed. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e ? I believe in this medicine. I had cancer and was told I was going to die. They cut it out and I’ve been medicating ever since. It hasn’t come back. When you experience something like that, you realize what is important. Our biggest goal is to keep medical legal. And to continue to provide the service we have been allowed to provide without any interference.

SAFE ACCESS

Founders Sarena and Chris Haskins are working hard to preserve a great experience as Thurston County makes things difficult for patient access. On market days, Sonshine is a frenzy of activity and community building for patients, with bands hitting the stage, others making use of the newly renovated dab bar lounge and vendors giving away samples and educating on new products. The market lets you try out everything Cannabis.

INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTO by DANIEL BERMAN

‘‘

EVERY STRAIN IS DIFFERENT AND PEOPLE NEED A VARIETY TO ADDRESS THEIR CONDITIONS TO MAKE THEM FEEL HEALTHY.

Sonshine Organics Sundays 10a-5p 7631 Rainier Rd. SE Olympia 98513 | Facebook.com/sonshine.organics

W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? The selection and the quality of the vendors. The consistency that we have been able to hold is great. It feels very safe and every Saturday it’s like a family reunion. These are the same farmers who grow other veggies, and that’s why they are there every Saturday. It’s what people want, what they are asking for. W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? H o w ’ s t h e v i b e ? Saturday we are seeing on average 300-350 patients. These are sick and suffering patients and we offer an opportunity for them to get a selection of medicine. From edibles to topicals to clones. We also have arts and crafts. The selection is more than medicine, this is quality of life offered to patients. The sick, the suffering, this is what they look forward to. They don’t have much to look forward to – sick, dying, unknown, we are there as a staple for them. We want to hold onto that. Also, our outreach. We call for peace. It’s alternative wellness at its best. We offer many alternatives to prescription drugs. We offer education, massage, yoga, personal training, growing classes and sustainability classes. We’re talking about the future and embracing our Evergreen State of sustainability, community and improving lives. h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ? It’s healthy commerce. We have anywhere from 20 to 24 vendors of medicine, plus five to six free tables for activists or other arts and crafts. This is

the spirit of 69.51a. People need more than one job in this economy. This is just one way, not the only way, to make extra money to reinvest in their own ability to grow. It supports their ability to produce their own medicine. w h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r storefront does not?

We believe music is healing, and we have a healing place for the patients. This is what they want. We are successful because we listen to the patients and then we act. They don’t want to go to 10 different dispensaries, they know they can come in on a Saturday in a one-stop-shop and get medicine, community and support. We provide for many needs on many levels; emotional, physical, mental. This is for every patient. This is their home. They need peace and love from the heart, and that’s what we offer. We need more of that in our community and in the world. Let’s condone it and not condemn it. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? Home-grows are so important because not everyone can grow for themselves, which is also why we need caregivers. Juicing is also important to us as medicine, a non-psychoactive way to get medicine that requires a larger plant count. We’ve been asking all this time for more plants and the legislature wants to limit us. Every strain is different, and people need a variety to address their conditions to make them feel healthy and in a good environment without pesticides. This is back to farming, we want to grow cucumbers, kale, Cannabis. Farmers markets allow us to gather that peaceful vibe and offer everything to every patient at one safe location. We are coming up with more policies and procedures to keep it safe on our own and I believe farmers markets are key and way to have safe access. This is about community pace. We want to teach sustainability and health and ‘active activism’ and give patients options to have better quality of life. We provide a friendly smile, a loving hug, good music, the medicine offered for free. We are interactive because people need to be reached in many ways. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e ? Our biggest goal is to be able to stay open and keep medical alive. We want to settle down and be here for the right reasons for our patients. We need to hold onto our grassroots collectives for our community. Grassroots! We want to grow. Don’t condemn us for growing. We legalized it and said it’s safe, so why can’t we give patients what they want. We are trying to be a voice for the people. This is the heart of our law, being able to share our medicine among patients safely and with love.

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SAFE ACCESS

There is plenty of parking at this market, set in two different rooms of a small warehouse-style building. This isn’t a smokey market either, there is none allowed inside, rather all that takes place in the medicating area outside and out back. PCE has a solid network of vendors at each market and everyone is friendly. This is a great place for those new to accessing medibles.

Patient Cannabis Exchange

Sundays 11a-4:20p 10625 Pacific Ave S. Tacoma 98444 | www.pce420.com

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? We have no medicating on the main floor to ensure patient safety and fire prevention. Instead we have a designated medicating area outside with no open flame, using e-nails and vaporizers. There are small free samples available for patients to try to experience medicinal effects. It’s not about getting high for free. We focus on education more than economics. That means I would rather a patient come in with nothing in their pockets to get educated, make a decision from the information they receive and then come back later. Then, based on experience and education, choose a medicine that works best for them.

‘‘

W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? How’s the vibe?

BUDTENDERS AT A DISPENSARY CAN’T KNOW IT ALL, BUT EACH OF OUR VENDORS HAS A VERY UNIQUE NICHE.

Our patient count is growing, with about 200-250 coming each weekend. They are coming to our market because of our vendors and our atmosphere. We simply provide a safe and friendly venue for our vendors to interact with patients. It’s not about get them in and get them out. h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ? We have 25 full-time vendors and some part-time vendors. We also have advocacy booths for groups like Human Solution that we don’t charge for. It helps people come out of the garden and be able to share with others. It does affect their personal finances and they can take their surplus medicine and reinvest in producing new products. All of our vendors are patients. Some can’t work in the public sector because of physical or mental health issues. But they are able to provide the medicine they need for themselves and able to take surplus and pay it forward to other patients who can’t cultivate. w h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r s t o r e f r o n t d o e s n o t ? Zero pressure. We are not going to try to sell you the strain we have most of or highest margin on. We also offer a variety of products. With 25 vendors, we have countless product types. Not only do patients get information, but products to support that information. Bud-tenders at a dispensary can’t know it all, but each of our vendors has a very unique niche. W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? The United States was built on independence. It sounds kind of corny, but having the ability, just like our forefathers, to grow whatever crop we need

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INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN to provide for our families and the economy is essential to our liberties. Gardening is one of the most popular hobbies in the U.S. for a reason; because of the sense of personal accomplishment and therapeutic value. We are an offthe-shelf society, so the ability to produce and control what goes into our bodies is paramount. I put it right there with the First and Second amendments. w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e ? For medical Cannabis, we know we are potentially on the chopping block. I advocate to my vendors, more than anything else, build relationships with patients. If they take away medical, we will still serve patients. The state should give us a model we can work within, give us guidelines that relate to an agricultural product and an herb, not a Schedule One drug, and we will happily follow them. The traditional farmers market model brings out surplus medication and builds community. That is the part we would miss, that interaction and sense of family. You meet these people, they become your family. We don’t want to lose that.We don’t want to lose that.

SAFE ACCESS

These daily markets are convenient for those living in the greater Seattle metro core — the Galaxy location is right off I-90 and the White Center one has the benefit of being on an amazing block surrounded by terrific independent restaurants. There are many excellent vendors at the NWCM markets so be sure to take a lap or three before committing to your picks.

NW Cannabis Market White Center & Galaxy White Center: 11a-7p 52329 Rainier Ave. S Seattle 98144 | 206-420-4065 Galaxy: 11a-7p 9640 16th Ave. SW Seattle 98106 | 206-420-4823

>> W h at m a k e s y o u r m a r k e t s p e c i a l f o r pat i e n t s ? What makes us special is that we have 65 vendors that rotate, so there are about 50 each day between two locations. Plus the quality of the product is the highest you have ever seen. W h at i s i t l i k e f o r pat i e n t s ? H o w ’ s t h e v i b e ? Galaxy receives 480-500 patient visits a day. At the White Center location we have about 400 a day, and are getting ready to add a second floor addition at White Center. We’ll add about 20 more vendors in the line-up to make that busier. We have reached maximum capacity at Rainier. We want to redirect more of those patients back to our White Center branch. Patients come for the obvious reason which is the affordable cost of the medicine. Our prices are lower than dispensaries, but it is also because of the vendors. They are highly trusted and knowledgeable. They have their own client base that comes to them regularly.

‘‘

h O W M A N Y V E N D O R S A R E R E G U L A R LY T H E R E ?

PATIENTS COME FOR THE OBVIOUS REASON WHICH IS THE AFFORDABLE COST OF THE MEDICINE.

Right now on Fridays we have as many as 56 vendors each day between the two locations. And, about 67 vendors that actively participate on a regular basis. We have been able to help some folks displaced by Seattle or other ordinances. The markets employ 29 patients, and we are hiring a few more. More than 200 folks make their living directly through the market. It’s pretty amazing how things have grown for us over time. w h at d o e s y o u r m a r k e t o f f e r t h at a r e g u l a r s t o r e f r o n t d o e s n o t ?

INTERVIEW by WES ABNEY | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN

The seven-day-a-week access is very important. But most important is the sense of community. Our MMJ industry has a great community and people want to share parts of their days and their conditions and find like-minded people. That’s been one major important function of the market. I’ts a co-op effort, and just like all regular farmers markets, our Cannabis market brings better pricing and better balance for consumers. Almost every major region has a farmers market for MMJ that helps patients while running safely and without problems.

that these people need our help and count on us. I think one reason we never attracted a lot of walk-throughs is because this market is effective in action, and spoils the idea of the recreational system. All you hear is about failures of MMJ, but I have two remarkable markets that are a success stories. These markets have an outstanding story, success ratio and the benefits to local community are evident. Any skeptics I invite to come to the market and see it in action. We are approaching out 2,000th market day with more than 55,000 patients in our network that have passed through our doors..

W h at d o y o u r e a l ly wa n t t o t e l l pat i e n t s a n d t h e l e g i s l at u r e n o w a s they are considering changes to medical cannabis? These markets are more than the revenue numbers the state is looking for. It is a product that is about people, and MMJ is about helping patients. Now we have lots of skeptics about MMJ, but they should spend a day at either location and see the real patients without judging. They would see

w h at a r e y o u r g o a l s f o r t h e f u t u r e Right now we are in a struggle with city of Seattle. We are struggling to hang on to jobs, and we are going to see if our city attorney is going to be kind to us or not. We want to hang onto all the jobs we have created. This is important work, and we need to see all farmers markets stay alive to support patient rights. The state seems to only focus on revenue creation. But this is not about revenue, this is about people.

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about the cover

By wes abney | Photo by Daniel Berman

JOSHUA BOULET

The illustrator behind Santa’s visit and other impressive drawings shares what motivates his work.

The Fremont Troll is inspiration and a few blocks from his new home. a picture is worth a thousand words, the so-called live art drawings that Joshua Boulet produces are certainly able to fill a library. The level of detail that his artwork includes pulls the viewer deep into the vibrant scenes, melding emotions with ink to produce something truly spectacular. Born in Dallas, Texas, the 35-year-old Boulet has lived in Seattle as a patient for a little more than a year. He had wanted to move to the Emerald City for years, he said, after receiving some green inspiration of his own at Hempfest. He has drawn everything from festivals to house

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“ S t e a m p u n k o w l”

parties, baseball games to the Occupy movement. It was the latter that led him to publish a book of his work, detailing two months of living while entrenched in the protests in Dallas and Fort Worth Texas, Chicago and New York. “It was a week-long planned trip that turned into two months, sleeping and living within the Occupy movement,” Boulet explained. “It was an awesome experience, and it took my art to the next level.” His 130-page book, “Draw Occupy Wall

Street” features scenes from within Zuccotti Park before the NYPD raids. Flipping through the book is like a combination comic book and courtroom illustration, capturing people in extreme moments and highlighting the tensions that plagued the movement. This can be attributed to Boulet’s process of drawing “live art,” where he will observe a scene and build it into a drawing. Since moving here, he has also completed commissions for several covers of Seattle Weekly. “Everyone is always cool with me doing my thing, sketching. It’s more of a natural thing I try to channel. The drawing starts as I watch people come and go from the scene, and it develops in front of me as I work,” he explained. “That’s why I can capture the feeling [of a scene].” One of the best Seattle-centric drawings Boulet has created features the main stage of Hempfest, with a crowd fitting of a Where’s Waldo comic. Anyone who has been to Hempfest before is instantly transported back, and it’s almost as if the smells of Cannabis and festival food could rise out of the paper and grab your soul. “I would like to open people’s third eyes with my artwork,” he said cryptically. “I want to make art that is true to me.”

‘‘

He has drawn everything from festivals to house parties to baseball games and two months inside an occupy camp.

Learn more about his work at JoshuaBoulet.com and Thegreenreefer.com. You can get custom prints of his work or, may we suggest, this month’s cover.

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feature

By NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCANDERSON

Dirt Devil Extreme Power wet/dry hand-vac $59.99

THE DYSON IS PRET T Y MUCH THE APPLE IPHONE 12 OF HANDHELD VACUUMS...”

Dys o H a n dn D C 5 8 C o $249 h e l d Va c u r d l e s s .99 um

WHETHER IT WAS FROM

spilled medium, dead plant matter or the general dust and dirt that accumulate through venting/ entry exit, grow rooms get dirty quickly. Often times, getting to the cracks and spaces where dirt accumulates isn’t easily accomplished without risking damage to the plants. Handheld vacuums are ideal for cleaning up after yourself every time you enter and exit the garden. I don’t care what method you grow in — how big your space is, or what your current practices are — one can always get the garden cleaner and nothing makes this task easier than a trusty handheld vacuum on your side. The Dyson is pretty much the Apple iPhone 12 of handheld vacuums and this thing is like holding a race car in your hand. Everything and anything in its path is demolished with a push of the trigger, which helps preserve its average 20-minute, rechargeable runtime. Turn it to boost mode and you only have about five to six minutes of total use, but it’s like dropping the nitrous boosters in on your vacuum. Be certain your cat isn’t anywhere in sight! A little bit further down the price range exists much less powerful handhelds that are still quite effective and provide much of the same benefit. The recommended Dirt Devil is a wet/dry handheld which has the added benefit of being manufactured to tolerate wet and moist material. I wouldn’t recommend draining your reservoirs with it like a shop vac but usually we growers are sucking up lots of moist material, spills and damp matter. Add in a handheld vacuum to carry around like a sidearm on your utility belt next to your new precision shears and complete the arsenal of luxury garden devices.

THE GROWER’S GIFT GUIDE One of the most used and abused pieces of equipment in indoor gardens is a pair of shears. They come in all shapes and sizes, but I’ve found those designed by hydroponic nutrient and other companies, that seem to market themselves to Cannabis growers, to be the very worst of the bunch. You really do get what you pay for! Having a high-quality, reliable, durable pair of garden shears, that stay sharp and operating smoothly for extended periods of time, is akin to Popeye having his spinach. Ask any seasoned gardener how long those same low-cost shears stay sharp, move smoothly without jamming or have their mechanisms break apart rendering them all but useless without repair. It’s exactly this scenario that makes a highquality pair of shears such an excellent gift for growers. But few people want to dive deep into their pockets to support the costs of gardening and purchase shears costing five-times more than what they’ve been accustomed to for years. Yet like appreciators of fine cars, exotic functional glass and the like, there is a market for luxury. Switch their daily driver garden scissors for a high quality pair of precision shears, and don’t be surprised if you find a tool belt filled with handmade Japanese squeezable cutlery slowly being acquired at upwards of $100 a pair...

Maybe you’re a gardener Burgon and Ball Pruning Shears $49.99

Hasami Shears $39.99

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and want to celebrate another year with the plant by rewarding yourself with a new piece of gear or a gadget. Maybe you’re very close to, live with, date or otherwise want to celebrate a grower in your life and just don’t know what that newest hotness is. Each year, a barrage of products are introduced to the market and I am blessed with the responsibility of sorting through them and reviewing a few of my favorites. In this guide, I’ve picked products in a variety of price ranges that most growers would agree are pretty darn cool items.

“ THE GLASSES LET GROWERS OBSERVE THE RICH GREEN AND ORANGE COLORS OF CANNABIS RIPENING IN NATURALLOOKING LIGHT.”

Trim Bins $69.99

This product keeps what can be a somewhat messy process wellcontained and, yes, even tidy. You can set it on a table or in your lap and off you go! Ask anyone who is accustomed to spending 10 hours or more hand-trimming frosty nugs and they’ll mention how the body slowly petrifies into what can only be described as a T-Rex trying its best to trim up a kola. Trim Bins are durable and well-thought out, with cutout spaces for your arms to sit in that act as a nice guide and armrest to keep a relaxed posture during extended trimming sessions. Very few growers like to trim, but the Trim Bin improves efficiency by cleverly collecting all the kief that falls from the buds as they are being trimmed, then sifts it through a micron screen leaving the user with a nice, white/blond kief after each session.

Method Seven Operator HPS plus+ sunglasses $79.00

Blue Lab p H probe $90

Oakton Ecotestr p H 2 $70 No grower should be without this tool at their disposal. For some gardens it’s one of the most essential in the arsenal. In any event you can almost never go wrong getting your Cannabis growing enthusiast a high quality pH probe. Even if they already have a meter that they use regularly, this equipment can naturally lose calibration and eventually fail over time. But there’s really never an ideal time to lose your pH readings, so having an extra probe on hand is always a great idea. Additionally have a couple different probes allows one to check the accuracy and consistency of the calibration and readings being taken.

MANY CANNABIS FARMERS bloom their plants under High Pressure Sodium lamps that cast a bright orange red spectrum of light. This color is good for the plants but makes it difficult for we humans to see precisely what’s going on with the plants. Much of the finer subtleties the plant may display through color changes are all but invisible under HPS lamps. This holds true for almost all the different specialty lamps used for cultivating Cannabis and Method Seven has a solution for HPS lamps, Metal Halide or LED lights. By tinting the sunglass lenses to compensate for the missing colors we are accustomed to seeing under a fuller spectrum (like outside), growers can observe the rich green and orange colors of Cannabis ripening in natural looking light. It makes it incredibly easier to notice early changes in leaf, petiole, stem or pistil color (early indicators of problems or imbalances the plants may be experiencing). You can more easily learn what stage of life the plant is at! Method Seven also has designed filters for use on your camera lenses, so we can now share what we are seeing with patients, our Youtube viewers and Instagram followers alike.

GREEN SCRUB PADS

Sticky Bye-Bye $11.99-$17.99

TIRED OF COMING TO BED with stinky hands that adhere to everything they come in contact with? Sticky Bye Bye! If you’re concerned about being in public after trimming and having that penetrating scent of freshly trimmed blooms pouring off your hands, Sticky Bye Bye. Looking for an all natural way to completely remove grease, resin and other grime associated with being a farmer? Guess!? You shake it up, scoop a little into your hands and scrub them with it before regular washing with soap and water. It feels very similar to wet sand in the container and smells like a nice orange oil scent or like Sour Tangie blooms. While I found it awkward and a bit weird at first to prewash with this oily concoction, my hands emerged soft, clean and not sticky with one use. And they smelled great!

POWDERFREE NITRILE GLOVES

RAZOR BLADES

THEY CAN ALWAYS USE MORE... Great gifts that are super easy to find, cost little, and yet have a tremendous impact on the day-to-day workflow.

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feature

STORY & PHOTOS by BOB MONTOYA for NORTHWEST LEAF

OREGROW

reetings from northern oregon.

I came across a gem of a farm called Gonzo Farms while looking for a new strain not yet flowered. I have always reported on a Micro Strain when it was already established. This month I have been tracking what will be called OPD, or Oregon Purple Danish.

The father of OPD is Schnozberry by Alphakronic

Genes. The female Schnoz is a go-to for mitigating the uncomfortable side effects of chemotherapy. It is known for easing nausea and anxiety, helping rest and soothing anxiety commonly experienced when a person’s health is at its worst. Schnozberry is an indica-heavy hybrid (90 percent indica, 10 percent sativa) that shows its heritage in many shades of its father, Purple Urkel, and mother, Snowdog’s heavy trichome density.

The mother of OPD is Cheese Quake by TGA

Seeds. In a cross of Urkle and Cheese Quake, the latter strain gives the cheesy smell that will most likely show up in the cross-breed. Known for its intense high the 60 percent indica, 40 percent sativa, the strain is nearly 20 to one THC to CBD ratio. It’s a great daytime medicine that may curb your appetite and keep your toes tapping. On the farm, down in a little clearing at the bottom of a hill, there was a circle of Cheese Quake females arranged in a ring around a very tall, very potent male Schnozberry plant. The girls were covered in his pollen,there were already some seeds. Mike plucked a bud and squeezed a seed out for inspection. It was a beautiful little bean with fine stripes. And the surface of the freshly gathered seed had little hairs on it, like the silk within the husk of an ear of corn. There is something to be said for fresh observations. It was something I had never seen before. The Oregon Purple Danish is on its way to flower — we’ll know more in 8-10 weeks. Thanks to Mike and Naomi for their generosity and sharing insight into where our medicine comes from and how it is developed.

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Schnozberry 90-percent indica strain

Schnozberry pollen sacs

It was something I had never seen before.

Cheese Quake females & Schnozberry males

Cheese Quake

Bob Montoya is a Cannabis photographer, veteran & well-seasoned grower hailing from Olympia.

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GROWTECH

Foliar Feeding Frenzy Tailoring plant growth with a supplemental feeding program

harnessing the power of organics without erhaps you’ve achieved a degree of the challenges they can create in conconsistency in your garden. You tainerless mediums. Assuming you have a few rounds under your BY NORTHWEST LEAF have a reasonable grasp of the basics, belt, you have the climate diadding in a foliar program might be aled in, you know what and SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR the boost your garden needs. when to feed them, you know how to DR. SCANDERSON Foliar feeding refers to applying work with your plants through their nutrients, microbes, botanicals and other stretch, and how and when to help beneficial compounds by spraying leaves them through ripening and harvest. and stems. You’re probably familiar with the Now, you might want to improve your process of plants drawing up nutrients and water plants’ health without changing what’s already through their roots. The plant also has a capacity working. If you’re running a water culture or minto take in water and nutrients through the aboveeral-based feeding program, you might consider

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ground surface tissue, especially the leaves and stems. The plant’s leaf surface is covered with tiny holes known as stomata, which help the plant carry out several essential processes. A plant can regulate the size of the stomata to either increase or decrease the exchange of gas and liquid through those tiny holes. This allows the plant to regulate temperature and moisture and receive and exchange key elements such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. The plant’s stomata, and the first layer of cells that cover the plant, also allow the plant to take in liquid nutrients. In this month’s Grow Tech, we will explore general foliar feeding methods and tips for applying a foliar feeding program. I do not advocate using foliar feeding if you are not acutely aware of the mean climate throughout various times of the dark period for your garden. I have found it’s imperative that you have the proper equipment to compensate for the shifts in climate that will invariable occur upon introducing nighttime spraying. Using foliar feeding as a complement to an established feeding regimen allows you to maximize the available mechanisms the plant has for invigorating health — it mimics the general conditions a plant thrives in under nature. Furthermore, foliar style does not “compete” with other compounds in the rhizosphere or create imbalance. For instance, if you notice a plant is beginning to show a deficiency of some kind, you can freely administer through foliar without introducing a new element to an already balanced soil or nutrient reservoir. Foliar allows mineral-based feeding programs to be complemented by organic amendments without any of the associated risks of feeding organic nutrients in certain hydroponic environments. When properly administered, your plants will love it! Because foliar is most effectively used to complement an established feeding program, supplementing with foliar products that are tailored to the stage of growth the plant is in has the most favorable results. You might be trying to improve root growth and branching, shoot, stem and foliage gains, transition, flower opening, bulking, ripening and so on. Most of the products you are accustomed to using will include instructions for foliar administration. This allows the gardener the flexibility to provide the plant with parts of the feeding program through various mechanisms.

TIPS FOR FANTASTIC FOLIAR FEEDING GET A QUALITY SPRAYER Foliar feeding relies on a plant’s ability to absorb liquids through stomata and epidermis. The smaller and wetter the application, the better the

rate of absorption. The range of applicators range dramatically in technology and cost, but I highly recommend the best sprayer your budget can tolerate. For around $30, you can get a high-quality pump sprayer that will maintain a mist as long as the container remains pressurized. Compared to the $3 hand-pump sprayer common for most household cleaners, it might seem expensive but the cheaper spray bottles are not designed to be sprayed continuously for minutes, which is what’s necessary for proper foliar applications. They will begin to clog and break after a short time, and they do not create a consistently reliable mist. If you have a larger garden or want the highest-end product, get an atomizer. This electrically powered device turns the solution into a fog that is blown out a hose over the plant. The small micron size that the atomizer delivers the foliar feed through is extremely easy for the plants to absorb. Also, because it uses a blower, you get complete and total coverage with minimal time.

USE AN EMULSIFIER

The second tip also concerns improving the effiFoliar feeding will ensure the plant receives proper nutrients. ciency of the delivery of nutrients to the plants in a foliar program. Because the nutrients used to apply to the plants in a foliar feeding are in solution, the do not burn under the sun, until you have the sun supplements through foliar, and not the primasolvent needs to be readily absorbed by the plants. In working for you in your indoor garden you haven’t ry elements the plant needs, your plants wouldn’t this case, water is being used. By mixing a wetting got a reasonable comparison and your plants are benefit from more frequent applications. agent with the water before adding your foliar numore likely to suffer if you apply foliar feeds with GO EASY trient, you make it easier for your plants to absorb. the lights on. Furthermore, turn all fans that shake How can you make water wetter? The “wetness” of the leaves off before applying your foliar spray. Start as light as possible. Try, for instance, water concerns the amount of cohesion attributed 50 percent of the manufacturer’s recommended Depending on your garden, you might have an to the solvent. Water has a high amount of cohedose. Don’t over do or you might find yourself exhaust and intake or air conditioner that supports sion, causing significant surface walking into your garden as excited as a kid on climate control. Leave that on tension. Water molecules are Christmukkkah ready to unwrap your new “suto maintain ideal conditions. strongly attracted to each anpercharged” garden present only to find your However, turn off all wall and Get in Touch other and form a loose cohesive leaves hooked into an eagle claw with frayed edgfloor fans that you use to push thegreengardengroup@gmail.com air around the room. es fried to the tips. bond to resist the pull of gravity. Like my Instagram Gradually increase dosage, say 15 percent at a Spray your plants as close When you spray a solution to the lights turning off as you time, keeping in mind the stage of development onto your plants that has not Follow @DrScanderson_gT can — give them the maxiyour plants are in. By gradually and slowly inbeen treated with an emulsifycreasing the dose, it becomes easier to recognize mum amount of time for the ing or wetting agent, you likely foliar to be absorbed. The least the sweet spot where the plants noticeably rewill find large beads of solution amount of darkness time I recommend allowing for spond favorably to the application. I recommend on your plants. Solution is transported over the stopping once you’ve found this spot for each safe foliar application is three hours. If you don’t plant’s tissue so the more surface area of the plant stage. Trying to find the threshold can stress the have three hours or more before your lights turn on, you can get in contact with the foliar solution the you’re better off skipping that application. The best plant out. More is not better. more efficient the delivery of that solution. By Although maintaining an ideal climate and results seem to come by giving the plants six hours adding something like a drop or two of common basic understanding of the plants’ feeding proor more after application. household dishwashing soap you interrupt that gram is a prerequisite for initiating a foliar prostrong bond held between water molecules and WAIT gram, it’s certainly something that can add a susmake the water less cohesive, thus wetter. Spraying tained level of health and vigor to your plants. The results of applying foliar can provide an solution that has a wetting agent in it doesn’t create overnight visual improvement, which is ... aweIf you have specific questions on foliar feeding beads, it just soaks the plant surface fully and evenly, some. Don’t get carried away, though. Giving the or application methods, contact me at thegreenwhich is what you want. gardengroup@gmail.com,follow me on instaplants two to three days between applications lets DO IT WITH THE LIGHTS OUT the nutrients fully absorb. Some products are degram at drscanderson_gT, look for my product signed only for weekly application. Furthermore, review of foliar products in next month’s issue Apply foliar only during the dark period. and as always, Happy Gardening! because I recommend applying additives and While it’s true that plants that have been rained on

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A GA IN I

health & science

HOW TO EXPLODE YOUR POTENTIAL WHAT ’S ON YOUR MIND?

BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCOTT D. ROSE

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The word “mind” is used in that context to refer to the collection of thoughts, feelings and emotions that swirl around in the gray matter of your brain. Your mindset is composed of a particular way of thinking, an attitude or set of opinions. The mindset is shaped in childhood and continues to be influenced by other people and occurrences in one’s surroundings throughout life. Decades of research on the topic has shown that two predominant mindsets exist at almost polar opposites and we have learned much about how these mind-

sets affect the outcome of one’s potential and success later on in life. For the sake of simplicity, those two mindsets are discussed as a dichotomy or as a kind of black and white approach to life: the fixed mindset and the growth mindset. With a fixed mindset, you’re only as good as your performance, and your sense of self-worth is on the line with everything you do. Failure is to be avoided at all costs. With a growth mindset, you embrace challenging opportunities because you know you can reach your highest potential only by consistently pushing your boundaries. Individuals with growth mindsets know that working hard is the best way to tap into their potential and ultimate success. The fixed mindset is the belief that one’s basic qualities, including intelligence, personality and character, are etched in stone. If people feel they have a fixed amount of intelligence or of certain personality traits, then they must prove themselves over and over because every situation calls for confirmation and evaluation. Those with a growth mindset don’t just seek challenges, they thrive on them. Those with fixed mindsets are too busy confirming their intelligence or talents rather than developing them. The belief is that talent alone creates success without putting in any effort. If there is no try, there is no reason why. With no effort put forth there is no need to explain failure (nothing ventured nothing lost). How do people know what mindset they have? Can the mindset be changed? Should it be? Can an individual possess both mindsets at once? The mindset is created at an early age, through influences such as parents, teachers, friends, IQ tests and sports. One societal pressure that shapes the mindset is intelligence testing. The IQ test was never intended to measure “unchangeable” intelligence. The test was devised to discover which children were not benefiting from the public school system in Paris during the early 20th century. Low test scores would indicate lagging or lacking skills. The plan was to create educational programs for those kids to get them back on track. But the IQ score has become a burden — you are smart, or you’re not. It is within the individual’s power to do change their mindset. Some people possess a growth mindset in certain areas and a fixed mindset in others. If an individual has a fixed mindset and is well-functioning and does not want to change it, then keep it! But shifting from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset can increase happiness in that moment and beyond. Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck should know. In one of her world-re-

nowned studies, 4-year-olds were given an easy jigsaw puzzle and then given a choice between redoing the easy puzzle or choosing a harder one. The children who exemplified fixed mindsets chose to do the easy puzzle over and over again, and those with a growth mindset chose to do the harder puzzle. Children are exuberant learners. Normally they stretch their skills daily, including the most difficult skills in a lifetime such as learning to walk and talk. What would make a child not want to choose the more difficult puzzle? The fixed mindset. As soon as children are able to evaluate themselves, many become afraid of challenges, of not being smart enough to meet the challenge. They would rather go with the safe choice of a puzzle they have already done to ensure they succeed, rather than risk becoming smarter and maybe failing in the process. In 2006, Dweck released her groundbreaking book, “Mindset: The New Psychology of Success.” Dweck’s work and principles have been part of a

zones while to those with fixed mindsets, risk and effort might expose their inadequacies. Fixed mindset people are happiest when conditions are safely within their grasps, and when challenged too much they feel stupid or untalented and they “lose interest.” That might mean not raising their hands in class unless they are certain of the answer. People with growth mindsets raise their hands even if they don’t know the answer so they can learn. In the fixed mindset, failure means a lack of confidence or potential. The fixed mindset confidence level is more fragile to setbacks. Dweck’s research has shown that people with fixed mindsets exhibit more depression. The more depressed they became, the more they let things slide, the less proactive they were toward solving their problems and the more depressed they become. It is not as though someone with a growth mindset is in a perfect state of being — people who have a growth mindset can get depressed, too. But research shows that the more

It is within the individual’s power to change their mindset. Some people possess a growth mindset in certain areas and a fixed mindset in others. compelling movement in psychology that illustrates the power of people’s beliefs. In the book, she introduces the concept of the growth mindset for the first time. Through decades of research on achievement and success she discovered the powerful influence of the mindset. It turns out that success is not only dictated by one’s abilities and talents, but what mindset those abilities and talents are approached with. “No matter what your ability is,” Dweck wrote, “effort is what ignites that ability and turns it into accomplishment.” She offers that a growth mindset creates motivation and productivity and it can enhance relationships, offering a better quality of life and the opportunity to reach one’s potential. Praising a child’s intelligence and abilities is not really building their self-esteem, and might actually jeopardize their success. There is power in the struggle. New neural pathways and new strategies are formed when choosing the more difficult puzzle. People with growth mindsets are happiest when stretching themselves beyond their comfort

depressed growth mindset people become, the more they took action to confront it and stayed on track. They realize that working hard is the best way to tap their ultimate potential. Anyone who adopts the mindset that basic abilities can be cultivated through challenging oneself rather than choosing the path of least resistance will be surprised to find they can do much more than they think. Parents must consider how they are shaping their kid’s mindsets — kids are watching, listening and absorbing everything. Make sure they are working to their fullest potential. That they are challenged and encouraged. The growth mindset can create an ambition to learn and a resilience that is the fundamental basis for reaching one’s full potential in every aspect of life. Dweck’s book offered some further sage advice for dealing with adversity you might encounter. “Picture your brain forming new connections as you meet the challenge and learn,” she wrote. “Keep on going.”

Dr. Scott D. Rose has written about Cannabis and health for years in the Northwest Leaf. He is an acupuncturist with a pain resolution practice in the Crown Hill neighborhood of Seattle.

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OREGON LEAF THE STORIES that matter to you are the ones that matter to us.

celebrating our 6th month in oregon after 4 years in washington

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health & science A BOTANICAL MONOGRAPH

THE SECRET POWER of mistletoe

BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCOTT D. ROSE

BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR SCOTT D. ROSE

PHOTO BY CREATIVE COMMONS

Commonly known as American mistletoe, European mistletoe, Christmas mistletoe, bird lime, all heal, devil’s fuge, golden bough, viscum.

Parts used:

Leaves, young twigs and berries.

Active constituents:

Glycoproteins — mistletoe lectins I, II and III. Protein toxins — viscotoxins. The alkaloids. Polysaccharides — galacturonan, arabinogalactan.

Historical uses:

Anxiety, exhaustion, hypertension, epilepsy, arthritis, vertigo and degenerative inflammation of the joints.

Side effects & toxicity:

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea from ingestion. Poisonings of children after mistletoe ingestion have been reported. Chills, fever, headaches, angina and hypotension. Both European and American mistletoe contain toxic proteins. Symptoms of acute toxicity include nausea, diarrhea, fixed and dilated pupils, diplopia, irritated conjunctiva, bradycardia, vasoconstriction, hypo- or hypertension, seizures, delirium and hallucinations. Cardiac arrest might occur; deaths have occurred after ingestion of mistletoe tea taken as a tonic. Allergic reactions to mistletoe have been reported.

Viscum album L. is native to Europe and Asia, growing in TX, CA, OR and Eastern U.S.

Medicinal uses:

Use in palliative anti-cancer therapy is inconclusive but promising. The first use of mistletoe extracts for the treatment of cancer was in 1916. Research shows that mistletoe lectins inhibit the growth of tumor cell lines. Mistletoe lectins cause programmed cell death and direct chemical killing of tumor cells. All mistletoe lectins inhibited leukemia cell lines, and lectin III was 10 times more effective than lectin. It is also used to assist the immune system. Controlled trials in healthy adults and cancer patients support the use of mistletoe as an immunostimulant. In six healthy volunteers given mistletoe extract for eight weeks, a pronounced proliferation of peripheral immune cells occurred. It can also be used to treat high blood pressure. A small case series in hypertensive adults treated with an herbal combination including V. album reported decreased blood pressure over three to five months. No controlled trials have evaluated V. album as a sole antihypertensive or compared it to standard medications.

Dosage:

For blood glucose effect: 3 to 6 grams per day bark powder, not to exceed 4 grams per single dose. Unless otherwise prescribed: 2 to 4 grams per day of cut or ground bark. Infusion or decoction: 0.7 to 1.3 grams in 150 milliliters of water, three times daily. Fluid extract 1:1 (grams/milliliter): 0.7 to 1.3 milliliters, three times daily. Tincture 1:5 (grams/milliliter): 3.3 to 6.7 milliliters, three times daily. Essential oil: 0.05 to 0.2 milliliters.

Drug interactions:

May interfere with existing cardiac or immunosuppressant therapies. Patients taking MAO) inhibitors should not take mistletoe because it contains tyramine.

Contraindications: No data on safety of use during pregnancy or lactation — contraindicated during pregnancy. Persons with heart disease should be monitored when using mistletoe, because it could cause hypertension or hypotension.

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“AT CHRISTMAS, THE YOUNG MEN HAD THE PRIVILEGE OF KISSING LADIES UNDER MISTLETOE, PLUCKING EACH TIME A BERRY FROM THE BUSH.” -19th century U.S. author Washington Irving

Learn more about mistletoe: www.tinyurl.com/LeafMistletoe

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This project marks my first attempt at offering anything to the breeding process outside of feedback as a tester. Having worked with Double Barrel OG Kush from Dank House Seeds for many years, it was my great privilege to crack one last round of seeds and select a male for a breeding project planned by Red Eyed Genetics. Red took the male and pollinated several of his elite female stock including the epic Gorilla Glue No. 4, an amazing line of head-numbingly strong medicine. (DOUBLE BARREL OG KUSH

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after many packs, became easy for me to spot. I like this pheno because it, first and foremost, created the highest quality yields of straight gassy, pine sol kush that reliably tested over 20 percent in combined THC. I also felt this would make an excellent breeding male because of its unusually strong structure, tamed-down stretch and better-than-average yield for any OG. By combining the stability in growth with the outlandishly chaotic, stretchy and floppy Gorilla Glue No. 4, the epoxy OG offers strong, stable branching that responds well to topping. Epoxy OG is no light feeder — this plant has vigor from the Glue and DBOG combination that will make it take-off fast and furiously. Not afraid to charge into flower and, like many of the high-resin content strains, it starts taking P and K early in flower. The plant has only a medium stretch, perhaps doubling in flower. And while the growth pattern will result in a yield commensurate with the experience the gardener has with pruning and site selection, it finishes strong and heavy for an OG in fewer than 70 days and under most conditions.

EFFECTS testing in reliably at over 22 percent combined THC

means this is a potential day-ender. Albeit at lower dosages the user is generally invigorated by the eye-opening, sativalike effects of the Gorilla Glue. The flavors are so enticing that higher dosages almost seem necessary. It’s at these higher levels where even the most experienced patients will surely feel the strong creeper effect that is a balance of indica and sativa. It likely draws on some of the recessive traits of the parental lineage in this area.

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This product has intoxicating effects and may be habit forming. Marijuana can impair concentration, coordination, and judgment. Do not operate a vehicle or machinery under the influence of this drug. There may be health risks associated with consumption of this product. For use only by adults 21 and older. Keep out of the reach of children.