NORTHWEST LEAF THE PATIENT’S VOICE
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NOVEMber 2012 Issue #29
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10/25/12 1:56:24 PM
NORTHWEST LEAF
contents
NOV. 2012 WWW.THENORTHWESTLEAF.COM Nwleaf@gmail.com LIKE US AT Facebook.com/nwleaf
26
32
36
cover PROFILEstory: the harvest issue
22
If a grower is lucky enough, a few times a year they will be able to look out at a sea of beautiful Cannabis. As if the hard work and dedication needed to get the plants to grow wasn’t enough, harvesting is serious business all its own. We’ll introduce growers, and show how Cannabis is harvested with a few tips. Let’s just say a chainsaw is involved.
CANNABIS NEWS 10 NATIONAL The headlines from around the country
40
of the month 32 Strain Another beautiful bud shot, up-close
in shoreline 12 Access Pacific Northwest Medical’s approach
recipes 43 Tasty Some new stuff to try out
green dui’s 16 patient They’re already happening here
Reviews 47 Edible Auntie M’s Cake Bombs
gear guide 26 harvest The products you’ll need for success
16
rose’s column 58 Dr. Health benefits of juicing Cannabis
voter’s guide.............9 NATIONAL NEWS.......10 Access.....................12 Quoted ....................15 Curing Tips...............28 Harvest Fest.............36 EDIBLE REVIEWS........47 concentrates.......48 growtech...........52 doctor rose............68 behind the strain...62 COVER & CONTENTS PHOTOS
Daniel Berman/Northwest Leaf
6
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NOVEMbeR 2012 LIKE US AT Facebook.com/nwleaf
TO ADVERTISE IN OR DISPLAY US CALL WES ABNEY 206.235.6721 OR EMAIL NWLEAF@GMAIL.COM
editor’s note TO OUR READERS, Thanks for picking up the 29th issue of Northwest Leaf!
mitchell moquin has always been a good farmer. For this month’s cover, he was happy to pose amid his friend’s field of plants taller than he is.
the truth about the plant you thought you knew, every issue. founder & editor-in-chief
Wes Abney photographer & designer
Daniel Berman issue contributors kirk ericso n Ray Flores mITCHELL MOQUIN Dr. Scanderson DR. SCOTT D. ROSE PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
8/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
I was recently asked by an acquaintance to describe the purpose of Northwest Leaf. Puzzled and slightly taken aback, I found myself stating the obvious. Northwest Leaf is a free publication that serves the medical Cannabis patients of Washington State, and is full of top quality reviews, the best strains, interesting and important people and so on... But the answer wasn’t complete, and was inherently harder to sum up than a basic “Here is what we do.” Some days later I was asked almost the exact same question, but this time swapping purpose for reason. Jumping in, my fiance answered for me. She said “It’s about searching for the truth.” What that truth is she didn’t say or even if we would ever eventually find it. But that description stuck with me and forced me to reconsider my role with the magazine. And it makes sense. Whether it’s our quest to expose I-502 for the sham it truly is, or fighting to expose the fallacy in the Federal Government’s continued ignorance of the medical values of Cannabis, we are fighting for truth. Truth about a truly wonderful plant, a natural resource for food, fiber, medicine and spirituality. A plant tied to the very core of our human bodies— the endocannabinoid system, of which so many politicians and citizens alike have a severe deficiency of. In realizing this, the reason and purpose also becomes the challenge and cry to arms. To spread the truth and above all, remain The Patient’s Voice! And you can help. Take an extra copy this month and share it with a family member, friend or co-worker. Don’t underestimate the simple act. After all, somebody shared your 1st experience with Cannabis, whether it was a copy of High Times hidden under a mattress or a bowl smoked nervously out of an apple at a party. This month’s Leaf brings an important exposé into Green DUI’s, a feature on a true collective garden in Shoreline, a voting guide, essential harvest tips/tricks and more. Above all, it brings the truth about the plant most people think they know. As always, thanks for reading and supporting Northwest Leaf. If you have questions, comments, or even critiques we look forward to hearing from you. Please feel free to reach out at facebook.com/nwleaf or email us at nwleaf@gmail.com. -WES ABNEY // FOUNDER & EDITOR
Barack obama
OPINION
President
VOTE NO ON. . . .
Voter’s Guide COMPILED BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF
Initiative Measure No. 1240 Concerns creation of a public charter school system
Initiative Measure No. 502 Concerns marijuana, visit nooni502.com for more info.
Jay Inslee Governor
roger goodman State Representative
GERRY POLLET
jOHN URQUHART
State Representative
Sarajane Siegfriedt State Representative
King County Sheriff
bOB fERGUSON Attorney General
nov. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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NATIONAL
Grammy award-winning song all about cannabis
F
640 lollipops seized from house party >> Buffalo Police confiscate Cannabis candy along with a ton of other drugs
P
olice in Buffalo found 640 cannabis infused lollipops, 5 pounds of bud, an amount of cocaine, and $13,000 in cash at student Alexander Zito’s residence. The Thursday night party was attended by what the officers described as “extremely high” college students, all undoubtably having a great time. The 4 p.m. raid hit the 6th floor apartment, with one student being so high that officers “thought he was going to pass out.” Unluckily for him, the rude awakening of law enforcement ruined his noteworthy buzz. Zito had returned to the University of Buffalo as a graduate student, and his apartment was described as
10/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
containing all brand new furniture. The rent had been paid six months in advance, and officers found business cards listing Zito as owner of a San Diego mmj collective. The offending Lolly Pops are advertised in California as having a 1-2 grams of Cannabis in each, making the shipment of pops worth at minimum $2,000. Zito is said to have brought the Cannabis and infused products to Buffalo through a combination of the postal service and driving trips. He now faces charges of Felony Possession of Cannabis and cocaine. It is important to note that his California medical defense is not valid in New York.
STORIES BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF
or anyone who ever heard the Toni Braxton hit “You’re Making Me High” and thought that she had to be smoking some green, you’re right. She recently revealed that the song was indeed about Cannabis, not a sultry new lover. Her love for the flower runs so deep that she simply had to sing about it. Just one week before the song was written, Toni had her very first experience with Cannabis. “I want to feel your heart and soul inside of me/Let’s make a deal you roll, I lick/And we can go flying into ecstasy” It took almost 20 years for people to realize that was about rolling a joint? It seems unbelievable, as the song won a Grammy and spent time as the number one on the Billboard Hot 100 list. Cheers to Toni for finally admitting what we marijuana users already knew. Marijuana rocks!
Colorado concerns
A
mendment 64 in Colorado would legalize for those over 21 possession of up to an oz. of pot and the right to grow six plants in their home. But Happy Haynes, a man who opposes the measure, said it would attract illegal drug dealers, hurt Colorado’s brand among businesses and bring in unwanted marijuana tourists. The measure creates specially licensed marijuana stores which proponents feel would keep it away from kids, said Betty Aldworth, at a debate hosted last month. “It’s hard to imagine it being more available to youth at this point,” she said.
Quick Hits!
21 3 10 44
Age requirement in Detroit of a proposed marijuana decrim law, allowing possession of less than 1 ounce of Cannabis. Number of University of Missouri football players charged with marijuana possession, a misdemeanor, though it is the lowest priority. Thousands of arrests in Colorado just for marijuana possession, a statistic that puts it as one of the harshest places to have pot.
Percent who approve of Arkansas’ proposed medical marijuana law, the 1st of its kind in the South, which goes to the ballot in this election. A full 52% said they were opposed to the MMJ measure, which would allow qualified patients to have up to 2.5 oz.
12 arrested in California crackdown >> The patients arrested were connected to nine Cannabis clubs operating across two counties
T
he charges filed name John Melvin Walker as the head of a conspiracy to distribute marijuana. The stores named were Alternative Herbal Health in Long Beach, Safe Harbor Collective in Dana Point, Garden Grove Alternative Care in Garden Grove, Santa Ana Superior Care in Santa Ana, Belmont Shore Natural Care in Long Beach, Santa Fe Compassionate Health Care in Santa Fe Springs, Costa Mesa Patients Association in Costa Mesa, the Whittier Collective in Whittier, and APCC (also known as the “San Juan Capistrano Store”) in San Juan Capistrano.
The investigation claims that the stores sold over a ton of marijuana at minimum, all while receiving millions in “illicit” revenue. The Safe Harbor Collective alone made 2.4 million dollars in 2009; the totals for the nine stores are now the subject of controversy. Walker has been accused of tax fraud, and attempting to destroy all records of sales and profits received. Walker was also charged with illegal possession of a firearm, which as a felon for previous cocaine and marijuana charges he was not allowed to have. We can’t imagine this going very well for him.
Quoted
Alabama legislator claims mmj advocates harass him
I
n a bizarre case of democracy failing the needs of the people, Republican Jim McClendon sent out a mass email on the 25th of October accusing the marijuana lobbyists of harassment. It is important to note that McClendon is the chair of the Alabama House Committee on Health, and that it’s his public duty to take all requests and emails from his constituents seriously. Instead, he stated that the emails from the Alabama Medical Marijuana Coalition were “not advancing” the cause for medical marijuana. The Coalition had previously run a bill supported by over 10,000 voters, to the chagrin of the chairman. Though his campaign message says that it will focus on patients’ rights, LGBT rights, Alabama Constitutional reform, prison reform and other issues, it is clear that medical marijuana just isn’t a concern. Email him at jimmcc@windstream. net. Maybe, remind him what a public servant is.
I’M DEFINITELY MORE FUNCTIONAL IF I USE MEDICAL MARIJUANA. I’M MORE LIKELY TO GET UP, MAKE DINNER, BAKE A LOAF OF BREAD OR HELP MY SON WITH HIS HOMEWORK.” -Neuropsychologist and Harvard Medical School neurology instructor, Peter Hayashi, who suffers from chronic pain related to a severe shoulder injury . He ‘s championing Massachusett’s proposed medical marijuana law that would eliminate penalties for medical use.
access PINEAPPLE EXPRESS
A Real Collective Garden In Shoreline pACIFIC northwest Medical is doing things right
If
the idea of Cannabis tourism exists among Washington’s patients, Pacific Northwest Medical is a true destination for collective garden experiences. Inside the brightly lit access point are all the usual aspects of a collective. But beyond the jars and past the edibles, there’s the garden. It feels reminiscent of a clinical grow with a Seattle twist. The medicine room has a large reinforced glass window looking in on a high caliber 6,000-watt grow, a variety of strains flourishing under the direct light. For many patients, their first experience seeing a professional garden has been through this looking glass. “There’s not really words for the look on patients faces,” Sean said with humble confidence. “A lot of patients comment that this is totally new to them.” Seeing the garden puts the entire
BY WES ABNEY | PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
system of medical Cannabis into perspective. For those patients who have never grown medicine before the concept of the time, energy, and raw time it takes to produce medicine isn’t there. But the flowers that start as clones inside PNW spend their entire life cycle there, from the vegetative state to flowering, trimming and curing, and finally inside a mason jar waiting for a patient in need. “It’s cool for the patients to come in week by week and watch the plants develop,” Sean said. “This makes it real for them.” As much as he believes in his system, Sean quickly points out the time involved in such a process. “Running a garden this size is a full time job,” he explained. “We call it the regularly scheduled maintenance.” Daily chores include a full sweeping and cleaning, monitoring and diagnosing the plants for any problems, mixing nutrients for the water poured
every 48 hours, and monitoring the Co2 and humidity levels at all times. The C02 is held at a constant 12001400 Parts Per Million, which creates the optimal environment for flowering Cannabis. “The room is sealed so that we control the air coming in and going out,” Sean said. “It keeps bugs and powdery mildew out, and also helps us control the smell so that the neighbors aren’t offended.” If it weren’t for the window into the garden, it would almost be impossible to know it was there. But that’s all part of the collective garden model PNW has worked so hard to develop. “The collective garden was the only thing the law said we could do. Qualified patients could participate and produce medicine, and share it with other patients. Without the plants what would we be?” Sean thrusts his hands towards the grow room. “This
Daily chores include a full sweeping and cleaning, monitoring and diagnosing the plants for any problems, mixing nutrients for the water poured every 48 hours, and monitoring the Co2 and humidity levels at all times.
12/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
is about transparency. If we had any secrets we wouldn’t have put in the window!” For patients, knowing where their medicine comes from is a huge plus. During the time of this article’s writing the garden was running Perma Frost, MILF, Jack Herrer, Purple Arrow and Crazy Train at about 5-6 weeks into flower. On the shelf for donation to patients in dried flower were finished Perma Frost and Pineapple Express, all in-house. The Perma Frost had a slightly sweet smell on the outside, though a deeply skunky smell was released upon snapping the nug. Light green and chunky, the flower is solid medicine with a smooth taste and very relaxing effects. The Pineapple Express was packed with crystals, and a deceptively heavy and sweet
Sean exits the collective garden, visible through a newly installed window. smell that begs to be smoked. The effects are euphoric and energetic, with a taste that give homage to the name. It’s good medicine, and just what Sean wants to provide. “Too many men and women these days are hesitant to use ‘pot’ as medicine. If you don’t have a place like this and you get sick, it’s really not fair. When a man is lying on his death bed he shouldn’t have to worry about his choice of medicine,” he said. “If it makes him feel
better that should be enough.” Luckily, with all the hoops PNW jumped through developing their garden with the city of Shoreline, the access point isn’t going anywhere soon. “This is about a plant that our government has tried for almost a century to eradicate,” he said. “I think it should be on the endangered species list. And we’re a safe harbor for access.”
PNW MEDICAL 19926 Aurora Avenue North Shoreline, WA 98133 (206) 542-2334 Pcnmedical@yahoo.com OPEN: Mon-Fri 12-8 Sat & Sun 12-5
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NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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quoted
What do the experts say about measuring active THC in blood as proof of driving “impairment?”
‘‘
One of the program’s objectives was to determine whether it is possible to predict driving impairment by plasma concentrations of THC and/or its metabolite, THCCOOH. The answer is very clear: it is not.”
I’ll be dead — and so will lots of other people — from old age, before we know the impairment levels for marijuana and other drugs.”
- Robbe-Institute for Human Psychopharmacology
-Gil Kerlikowske, White House Drug Czar - 2012
“The foremost impression one gains from reviewing the literature is that no clear relationship has ever been demonstrated between marijuana smoking and either seriously impaired driving performance or the risk of accident involvement. There is little if any evidence to indicate
that drivers who have used marijuana alone are any more likely to cause serious accidents than drug-free drivers.” -Robbe & O’Hanlon for the National Highway Traffic Safety Commission
‘‘
‘‘
THC and THCCOOH can be detected in plasma for up to 30 days of monitored abstinence in chronic daily cannabis smokers. Thus, cannabinoid plasma concentrations may not indicate recent cannabis exposure, nor intoxication or impairment, depending upon past smoking history.” -Karschner - Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2012 - National Institutes of Health, NIDA
Of the many psychotropic drugs, licit and illicit, that are available and used by people who subsequently drive, marijuana may very well be among the least harmful. It is not possible to conclude anything about a driver’s impairment on the basis of his/her plasma concentrations of THC and THC-COOH determined in a single sample.” -National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
’’
“Drug Plasma Concentrations and Driving Performance”
“although it is well-established that Cannabis can impair driving ability.... it is impossible to establish an impairment level for cannabis because the relationship between the concentration of THC and marijuana metabolites in blood, urine and oral fluids is complex.
’’
-Dr. Robert L. DuPont, Nixon Drug Czar & First Director of NIDA, in 2011 White Paper for the National Institute on Drug Abuse COMPILED BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF
NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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Green
Northwest
DUI’s.
BY RAY FLORES FOR NORTHWEST LEAF | PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
M
any patients across the state oppose Initiative 502 because of its limits on the amount of THC people can have in their blood while driving. What many don’t know is that blood testing for THC levels has already begun, and medical marijuana patients are being targeted. Drivers are allowed to refuse blood and breath tests when they are pulled over, but they face having their driving privileges revoked, even if it’s proven later that they weren’t impaired. Unlike alcohol, it is unclear what blood concentrations of Cannabis compounds indicate impairment. But THC concentrations are still being used to prove patients guilty of DUI. Right now, there is no official limit for blood concentrations of THC, but a high concentration can still be used in court as evidence of impairment. If I-502 passes, a 5 nanogram limit would automatically make most patients on a normal medicating routine run the risk of getting a green DUI whenever they get behind the wheel. Carole Antun has been a hemp activist for more than 20 years. She moved to Washington four months ago from New York and obtained her medical Cannabis authorization. On Sept. 22, Antun was pulled over less than two minutes after leaving her local Ocean Shores access point, the Rainbow Gardens Collective, which closed the next day for unknown reasons. Antun and other activists believe she was targeted.
16/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Officer Aaron Glanz, the Ocean Shores police officer who stopped Antun, stated in the police report that Antun had trouble exiting the vehicle and performing roadside sobriety tests, including standing on one leg and a walk-and-turn test. According to police reports, Antun was driving with two wheels over the fog line. Antun moves slowly. She is 78 years old and suffers from a host of health problems, for which she uses Cannabis. Whether she was impaired the day she was pulled over is uncertain, but one thing is clear: If she had agreed to a blood test the results would have put her way above the 5ng limit, even if she wasn’t smoking that day. Antun uses Cannabis regularly. Antun’s privilege to drive is now suspended in Washington because she refused to let the officers take her blood after she was taken to the hospital. Police officers take suspected drunken drivers to the hospital so that a medical professional can administer blood draws. Kari Boiter is a patient and legislative assistant to Mary Lou Dickerson in Seattle. Boiter is opposed to the 5ng limit, but said her opinions
They’re already happening, and not to who you might expect
ARTICLE CONTINUED PG. 18
Carole Antun is a longtime Cannabis activist and artist. On Sept. 22, she was pulled over less than two minutes after leaving an Ocean Shores access point, the Rainbow Gardens Collective, which closed the next day for unknown reasons.
Northwest
Green DUI’s Cont. from pg. 17
do not necessarily reflect those of her employer or co-workers. Still, Boiter underwent a voluntary blood test to see what her THC concentration was 10 hours after smoking. Boiter, who says she medicates daily, had an active THC concentration of 10.3ng more than 10 hours after smoking. Boiter said she performed and passed sobriety and impairment tests immediately after her blood was taken. Boiter said she believes that current DUI law has been sufficient in combating impaired drivers. “Plenty of people are getting green DUI’s under the current law,” Boiter said in a telephone interview. Boiter said the 5ng limit and DUI provision were included in the legalization initiative to appeal to non-users, who make up the majority of voters. But she said that the DUI provision has alienated the medical community and it will cause the initiative to fail. Boiter said the medical Cannabis law, which has been a part of the Revised Code of Washington since 1998, has not led to an increase in Cannabis-related accidents. Boiter said she believes a THC concentration limit could be effective for reducing the amount of impaired driving committed by naive Cannabis users, but it would wrongly convict responsible patients. Brandon Rain is a law clerk in the office of Seattle attorney Jeff Steinborn, who specializes in marijuana cases. Rain said he is most worried about the consequences of refusing a blood test, but that a 5ng limit not supported by science doesn’t make sense either. “The crime is not whether they smoke marijuana, it’s whether they are impaired,” Rain said. Like Boiter, Rain says he believes current law is
18/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Victor Rittenhouse was a target in Bellingham
sufficient for determining impairment and convicting reckless drivers. Because medical marijuana patients are considered “chronic users” —that’s how the law refers to them, in a kind of terrible pun— they are almost always going to have relatively high blood THC concentrations, even if they haven’t smoked for hours. Antun isn’t the only patient who has felt the consequences of the new blood testing law that went into effect Aug. 1. Victor Rittenhouse of Bellingham has had his blood taken twice in the past four months. The second time, he was taken to jail after police took blood samples at the hospital. Rittenhouse is 47 years old and uses Cannabis for carpal tunnel syndrome
and diabetes. His story is similar to many other patients who claim they use Cannabis as an alternative to debilitating and mind-numbing, but legal, opiates. The first time Rittenhouse was pulled over, he said he had not smoked for 12 hours. The second time, it had been about nine hours since he had smoked, Rittenhouse said. Rittenhouse said he was pulled over because his truck was overloaded while he was moving from Ferndale, a city north of Bellingham. By the time the traffic stop was over, he had a DUI. On Whidbey Island, patient Scott Davis had his blood taken after a traffic stop in August, making him one of the first medical Cannabis patients
TOP PHOTO BY MITCHELL MOQUIN FOR NORTHWEST LEAF | PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
Autun’s windowsill
A recent moratorium left Ocean Shores and all of Grays Harbor County with no access points
a nug found on the floor of his car gave officers reason to suspect davis was under the influence. to be subjected to a blood draw. He worries that if I-502 passes, he will be convicted of his first DUI because he is a patient. Officers took Davis to the hospital to draw his blood, then to jail, where he spent about six hours before posting bail. He was cited for a traffic violation and charged with DUI. “I don’t drive around intoxicated and I don’t have any DUI [convictions] at this point,” Davis said, “I am very worried.” It had been hours since he smoked when officers took Davis to the
hospital to have his blood taken. Davis said he wasn’t slurring words, his eyes weren’t bloodshot, and he passed field sobriety tests, but that a nug of dry medicine found on the floor of his car gave officers reason to suspect he was under the influence. “The parameters they have set are going to be completely out of range for any patient to ever drive again,” Davis said of the 5ng limit. Davis’ DUI case has been suspended because of paperwork problems, but isn’t totally dismissed.
Every prosecutor has three years to bring the case back to court and pursue a conviction. Davis’ test results were not available at the time this article was written, but he said he thinks he would be over 5ng since he is a patient and medicates daily. I-502 worries many in the medical community because they think it might affect their driving privileges, but for some patients, that privilege is already in jeopardy.
NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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iT’S TIME TO
HARVEST! SPECIAL SECTION
22/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
>Touring an outdoor grow! >Trimming tips, tricks & gear! >THE IMPORTANCE OF CURING! BY DR. SCANDERSON & NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF | PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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SPECIAL SECTION
S
omewhere in the state, no, we won’t say where, an outdoor grow of a dozen different strains is providing for patients and showcasing how mother Earth can be just as good of a gardener as any indoor setup. The hard part about growing outside is what you would expect: moisture can be an issue, so can pests and exposure. But then nature comes in handy too, and the best buds form when the weaker ones are clipped away. The plants grow as high as ten feet, so cutting through their tough trunk requires deft use of a chainsaw. Nearby the grow, chickens live, which the grower speculates may help fertilize the soil and fuel such plentiful yields.
The Great Outdoors A bountiful Washington farm shows how nature can sometimes do this stuff best
Chainsaws not optional
24/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
mk ultra
PERMAFROST
PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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SPECIAL SECTION
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FISKER SOFT TOUCH MICRO TIP PRUNING SHEERS, $8.50
The first, the original and, still, the best bag solution for Cannabis: the turkey bag. Skip the local grocery and purchase these online and save a grip (a little bit more than a few coins but less than hella). Available in two sizes, these bags completely lock in the flavor and the smell Cannabis. They also don’t generate all the static that plastic does, keeping resin heads on your flowers and not on the baggie.
This is my go-to snipper. For less money
than the Hydrofarm’s, these high grade stainless steel scissors pack some bang for your buck. For an additional $6 you can get it with a titanium nitride blade, which is much harder than stainless steel, and holds a sharp edge longer.
www.amazon.com/Fiskars-9921-Softouch-Micro-Tip-Pruning
www.truelibertybags.com
HYDROFARM PRECISION CURVED BLADE PRUNER $16 BONSAI HERO $200-$500
www.bonsaihero.com
The original electric scissors, the Bonsai Hero is an excellent mid priced
electrical solution that will increase your trim efficiency by 300%-400%. Although they can be a bit awkward to hold initially, once you get used to them they can be dangerously easy. Before you run out and get some, I would caution that these shears were not built with safety in mind. Unlike most all other electric trimmers that have a housing or grill for the blades, the Bonsai doesn’t, and if close attention isn’t paid, you may end up trimming your fingers as well. Safety is the first priority in my opinion and mixing fast-moving exposed blades with heavily medicated trimmers may not be the best choice. Then again, it does do 12 cuts PER second...
26/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Now you’re talking. I expect to be violated purchasing grow gear from grow gear suppliers but at least make it specialized! Hydrofarm did just that and now enjoys the benefit patronage for this product. The blade on these shears follows a nice rigid yet gradual curvature making plump, spearshaped cola a breeze to trim. And you’ll do it with less snips as the blade so nicely follows the bud’s natural curves. Thank you for innovating — now take my money. :-)
www.wayfair.com/Hydrofarm-Precision-Curved-Blade-Pruner
REVIEWS BY DR. SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF
A WORD FROM THE WISE: I highly recommend having a regular set of cleaning practices you perform in your room and for all your equipment every single round of trimming — no exceptions. Using products like Ona’s eco-friendly non-toxic bleach cleaner or simply 22 percent hydrogen peroxide is great to clean up everything you grow in. Deep clean your room or tent; clean all the floors, walls and ceilings. Bleach is great, but if you can find some Physan 20 or Sporicidin, they’re even better options. Clean the glass in your hoods if you have them and it will increase your PAR output! This is the best time, I feel, to do any preventative bombing. I will drop a fungaflor bomb every round and something for insects (pyrethrum) every other round. Take off your HEPA filters, pre-filters for carbon air scrubbers and dust shroom type of stuff and clean them. If possible shake (or roll) your carbon filter and move the carbon inside it around so it can filter evenly and check if it’s time to replace it or not. Remember to take the housing off your oscillating fan and clean the blades and rear cage from all the dust.
HOME BOX DRYING RACKS $43.
A WORD FROM THE WISE: Please remember that this is medicine. Can you imagine if the next time you picked a prescription from a pharmacy a casually dressed dude came out and dropped your order on the table — but not before picking out a hair from your pill bottle? If you haven’t experienced this as a Washington patient, consider yourself lucky. Pet hair has been seen, but all types of hair, dust and debris can and will get all over your medication if it’s around. Clean the area you intend to trim in really well, cover everything with plastic, provide everyone with coveralls, and hair covers and always keep the food and eating area elsewhere.
Are you tired of the results you’ve been getting after spend-
TWISTED TRIMMER, $189
ESSENTIALLY, it’s just a small manual
trim table. The flowers sit on a grate and prongs move the flowers along this grate while blades beneath slice whatever falls below the grate. I don’t like these trimmers. I feel very limited no matter how many hours I spend with them in my ability to precisely affect the outcome — constantly overshooting or undershooting the mark. I could see the utility of this style of trimmer when you are dealing with huge harvests but then you wouldn’t be using a trimmer the size of of a pocorn bowl now would you?
THE AARDVARK, $450
www.amazon.com/Twisted-Trimmers-ClearHydroponics-Trimmer/dp/B005M2S6F2
ing months caring for your plants in highly specialized environments only to put your carefully trimmed flowers into you closet to dry? Closets are for growing, not for drying! It’s now possible for about $50- $300 to get a portable, highly effective and specialized drying room thanks to companies like Homebox. Unless you are on a perpetual harvest you probably already have an ideal drying room, your flower room. All you need to do is hang a drying rack from the ceiling. Wanna get really technical? Add an $8 digital scale and know exactly when your load has been reduced by 25%. If you can’t use your flower room for some reason it’s a simple as getting a 3 x 3 grow tent (go to eBay they are well under $100) a 4-inch incline fan and a small carbon filter and viola! Your drying room has arrived! Only downside to using hanging drying racks is that the flowers tend to take on a flat shape on the side they lay on.
www.greners.com/i/grow-tents/drying-racks/ homebox-drynet-drying-rack-six-levels.html TRIM BIN BY HARVEST MORE $59.99
Well, this is one of those products that screams price
gouging. It’s clearly designed for our industry and very inexpensive to manufacture but its brilliance is hard to live without. Okay so it’s a few pieces of plastic and 150 micron screen but for comfort, efficiency & ease of cleaning, it’s a winner, I hate to say. Trim bins do collect copious amount of kief with ease as well; if it’s within your means I recom-
www.harvest-more.com/purchase/trim-bin-complete-set/
This is an enclosed rotating blade attached to a vacuum hose you can run through any shop vac. Add in an external speed controller for the vac and you have a complete precision trimmer. All trimming is collected neatly in your shop vac, with the hose acting as an excellent first layer hash extractor. Drop the hose in your freezer after a session and all the precious trichome heads that were stripped off the trim on their way to the vacuum makes for some bonus keef. Like all electric trimmers, you have to get the knack of using it to create the result you like. Because it’s handheld you get a little more flexibility than most tunnel style trimmers to customize how much trimming you do. Once you have the dabbing motion down, trimming becomes dare I say, pleasurable?
www.freewebs.com/simonswales/trimmers.htm
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SPECIAL SECTION Many hands make light work.
Make sure that your helpers are plentiful and well fed and your harvest and trimming experience can be like breaking bread for a great meal. Most Cannabis enthusiasts really enjoy having aromatic, ripe flowers coated in soft resin glands presented to be trimmed and sculpted to perfection. They just don’t like doing it for eight hours in a row! Keep your crew happy by offering ample space, comfortable chairs, food and refreshments, plenty of tools, disposable gloves, rubbing alcohol and, of course, ample amounts of dried medication. Six people working proficiently in shifts can make a 10lb. harvest happen in nine to 10 hours, with four half-hour breaks each. That’s not a bad way to spend a day!
trimming REMOVING THE OUTER LEAVES REVEALS THE BEAUTIFUL INNER NUGS
sugarleaf is set aside for use in creating butter and other goodies
28/NOV. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Curing
The way you cure is crucial to creating the best meds possible
I
’ve always found that excellent medication that isn’t cured properly can come out mediocre and more average medication with the spit polish cure can turn out surprisingly awesome. Curing is the last
step in preparing medication. Often misunderstood, sometimes skipped all together, curing is the process of allowing the final amount of moisture that is in the center of the flowers to ever so slowly evaporate. During this process the flowers are continuing to mature and take on more complex and enticing scents and flavors and the cannabinoid profile moves slowly towards it’s peak. There are many different methods to cure dried flowers; below are some general principles and guidelines to follow in hopes of improving or implementing a curing step to your harvest. My experience tells me flowers cure best in glass jars. Mason jars or anything that can provide an airtight seal is ideal. If you don’t have such a jar, try any screw top glass container and sandwich a layer of plastic wrap between the top of the jar and the lid by covering the jar with the plastic wrap, then screwing on the top. Before placing your flowers in cure I always like to run a quick test to make sure I’m not placing them in too early which can completely ruin your harvest. I run the test by taking several of the largest flowers (those that are likely to have dried the SLOWEST) and place them into the jars and seal them up. Allow the flowers to sit sealed in the jars for no less than two hours and return to the jars for
observation. If your jars are “sweating” or in other words you find ANY amount of visible condensation building on the inside of the glass, your flowers are not dried yet and therefore not ready for curing. Remember that every time you handle your flowers the medicine is degraded slightly so be sure when placing your flowers into curing jars you do so GENTLY. After the harvest is in the curing jars, place them in a cool dark place and it’s time to begin the process of burping the jars. This involves opening the jars and allowing them to “breath” for 10-20 minutes 5-8 times a day for 5-7 days. During this process air that is trapped in the jar interacts with plant tissue and the gasses it’s emitting. When you burp the jars you are releasing the the trapped air and gasses that have accumulated in the jar and can often smell ammonia. By allowing the jar to breath you are ensuring sufficient time for all the built up “off gassed” mixture to escape and be replenished with fresh air to repeat the process until the next burping. Eventually as the last moisture
BY DR. SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF | PHOTO BY DANIEL BERMAN
leaves the flowers all the ammonia escapes from the curing jars and an ideal level of moisture remains in the buds. It is at this point that I like to completely seal up the containers and allow to sit in a cool dark area for no less than 30 days and usually 45-60 days with a small amount reserved for 6 month cure. If you have gotten things right, the medicine that is sealed at the beginning of the period is not the medicine that is revealed at it’s end. Lemon smells go off the deep end of citrus explosion and OG’s and Diesel can take on such a putrid smell they get assigned names like “the puker” pheno. I consistently can feel the increased power of the medication.
Getting the hang of it The magic in curing is knowing when exactly to put the flowers into the jars in the time period between the buds being dry enough to put into cure and overshooting the mark and drying them too much. This is also another area for you to put your special touch on things to make the medication
uniquely cultivated by you. If you notice your flowers seem too moist when you pull them out to burp them, you may have put the flowers into cure a little too early. You’ll know if this has happened as the air inside the jars will seem really moist and usually the flowers, being too wet, all stick together in one massive lump. I’d rather have this situation than putting them into late so don’t worry. If this happens simply increase your burping time: first to an hour then increasing the time they are left open by a couple hours until you are at eight. The first part of curing is simply slowing the pace of the drying way, way down for the last little bit of moisture trapped in the center of the flower. If you slowed it down by too much too soon (i.e. put them into the jars too early) no worries, just speed it up a bit with the above method. Drying in jars is still way slower than drying on the line. You’ll need to continue adding time to the burping period until the contents of the jar no longer lump together in one “massive head nug” exactly the shape of the jar’s interior. At that point you can go back to 10-20 minute burping intervals, you are back on track. I hope that you take some of these recommendations and add in a curing step to your harvest process. Anticipating the last couple of months of cure as part of the harvesting process is a relatively simple step you can take that will INSTANTLY separate the medicine you cultivate from the majority of medicine in Washington. Happy Gardening!
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In compliance with RCW 69.51A
New Hours! New Prices!
Special Rate
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Includes Authorization and ID Card
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NORTHWEST LEAF
STRAIN OF THE MONTH REVIEW BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF PHOTO BY DANIEL BERMAN
This energetic Blue Dream cross
is one of the highest tested THC flowers weʼve ever seen. Talk about potency: at 23.27% THC nothing is left to be desired. The smell is sharp and aromatic, with hints of fruit and a sensation that can only be described as creamy. The flower is relatively dense, but still fluffy and soft to the touch. Snapping a nug will leave the fingertips sticky, and the smell definitely has some carrying power. The smoke is clean and has an easy taste that begs for massive hits. Initial effects set in instantly. We noticed a clarity in the mindʼs eye, and a relaxed energetic feeling that made the afternoon slip by quickly while still being in focus. Several hours later, the strain eases off gently, without the abrupt drop that some Sativa-dominate hybrids are known for. Overall, this strain is an excellent choice for even the most THC-jaded patient. The skyrocket effects should be experienced in small doses at first, though itʼs so tasty that trying to ration it probably wonʼt work. Enjoy!
Available from Mountain Medicine Clinic Collective Garden (253) 256-4015 10217 128TH ST. E, SUITE E PUYALLUP 98374 WWW.MOUNTAINMEDICINECLINIC.COM
23.27% THC • 0.02% CBD
32/nov. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Blue Magic
fremontgardens.org
316 N. 36th St. sEATTLE, WA 98103
206-362-7126
More clones than ever!
epic selection of affordable glasswear
OFFERING every strain
every ounce
hours: MON-Sunday 10AM-8PM
FLOWERS • CLONES TINCTURES• EDIBLES CONCENTRATES
rehashed
sept. 29-30, 2012 Harvest Fest Organizers
Harvest Fest >> In small town Bow, Wash., a cannabis cup brought together growers, patients and local musicians for a two-day camp out PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN
winners from the 1st annual Pacific Northwest Medical Cannabis Cup
Indica
Gold: Dutch Treat, Stoney /Slick Gardens Silver: God’s Gift, J-Dub Gardens Bronze: Blue God, Fabmansfarm
SativaV
Gold: Lambs Bread, The Bedrock Foundation Silver: Vortex, Narnia Gardens Bronze: Jack Herer, Bellingham Alt. Gardens
Hybrid
Gold: Duh, J-Dub Gardens Silver: Blue Dream, Dojarose.Com Bronze: Kushage, Dojarose.Com
Concentrate Non-Solvent
Gold: Plat. Kush Ice Hash, Zane/Farm Therapeutics Silver: Big Boss Ice Hash, Zane/Farm Therapeutics Bronze: Bubble Hash, J.P/Bellingham Alt. Gardens
Concentrates With Solvent
Gold: Dutch Hawaiian Wax Nigel/Seattle Cross Collective Gardens Silver: Dutch Treat Shatter Stoney/Slick Gardens Bronze: Blue Bastard Sand, Jason/Blue Bastard
Medibles
Gold: Zucchini Muffins, Tracy/Natural Medicine Silver: Marleys Mellow Vanilla Ice Cream From The Suga Momma/Fabmans Farm Bronze: Chef Gunther’s Medicated Minestrone Soup, Danielle/Gustav Gardens
Best Of Show Dutch Treat Shatter, Stoney/Slick Gardens Wins 2 judges passes to the 25 th Annual Cannabis Cup in Amsterdam
36/nov. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
EDITOR’S NOTE: WINNER’S LIST WAS NOT AVAILABLE UNTIL THIS MONTH
nov. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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ALTER CARE.co
1st exit off West I-90, head north on Rainier Ave. S.
November Special! Free pre-roll before 2 p.m. for all patients with $20 donation — Expires 11/30/12
Top-shelf strains available Open 11-9 Daily
206-329-2223 828 Rainier Ave. S. Seattle, WA 98144
Exit Dearborn off I-5 and Right on Rainier Ave. S
DELIVERY
206-535-7645
Tuesday Nov. 20th & 27th Tuesday December 4th, 11th & 18th Dr. Scott D. Rose is a Naturopathic Physician Acupuncturist specializing in pain management 100% Tested, Organic, Top Shelf Medicine Over 25 Highest Quality Strains Many are Sure Can exclusives like Diva x Purple Kush, El Dorado, LTD x Purple Kush, Amsterdam’s White Rhino and Jack Horror.
and the use of cannabis therapies. He’s offering clinics on these days for the evaluation, authorization, and management of cannabis use.
Over 20 different concentrates including SBCC’s N-Tane BHO, Pure Cure, Dama Oil, the city’s best full melt bubble hash, and incredible earwax. The most effective and trusted medibles and topicals in the state including Ettalew’s Golden Dragon, Seattle Cannabis Kitchens, Happy Wayz, Vita Verde and Kush Creams Open from 11am - 10pm 7 days a week. For easy verification visit surecan.org or call 206-535-7645 for more info.
Medical documentation of complaint helpful, but not required. Call 425-822-8356 Appointment Only.
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TASTY
Recipes a medicated thanksgiving
Homemade Gravy Makes 8 Portions of Brown Gravy
Sweet Potato Pie Original recipe makes 1 - 9 inch pie
Ingredients 1-(1 lb.) sweet potato 1/2 cup medicated butter 1 cup white sugar 1/2 cup milk 2 eggs 1/2 tsp. ground nutmeg 1/2 tsp. ground cinnamon 1 tsp. vanilla extract 1-(9 in.) unbaked pie crust
1) Boil sweet potato whole in skin for 40 to 50 minutes, or until done. Run cold water over the sweet potato, and remove the skin. 2) Break apart sweet potato in a bowl. Add room temperature medicated butter, and mix well with mixer. Stir in sugar, milk, eggs, nutmeg, cinnamon and vanilla. Beat on medium speed until mixture is smooth. Pour filling into an unbaked pie crust.
1/2 cup medicated butter 1/2 cup flour 1 clove garlic, minced 1/4 cup ketchup 1 tsp. Dijon mustard 1 tbsp. Worcestershire sauce Salt and black pepper to taste 1 qt. cold beef broth (as high-quality as possible!) 1) In a saucepan , melt the butter over medium-low heat. Add the flour and cook, stirring, for 5 minutes, until the mixture is golden-brown and smells like cooked pie crust. Add the garlic and cook for 30 seconds. Whisk in a cup of the cold beef broth, and then add the rest of the ingredients, except the salt and pepper. 2) Bring to a simmer, whisking, and then reduce the heat to low and simmer for 20 minutes, stirring occasionally. Taste, and season with salt and pepper.
3) Bake at 350 degrees F. (175 degrees C) for 55 to 60 minutes, or until knife inserted in center comes out clean. Pie will puff up like a souffle, sinking down as it cools. SWEET POTATO BY FLICKR/PGOYETTE & GRAVY BY DENISEMATTOX
oct. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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Indicare Collective
WAMM Health & Wellness Clinics of Washington State
MMJ Universe
CHECK OUT CANNABIS CORNE MMJ Universe Farmers Market 26130 SE Green Valley Rd. Black Diamond, WA 98010
MMJUniverse.com W.A.M.M. Healthcare professionals provide primary health care using both Eastern & Western medicines. We offer alternative medical treatments when traditional treatments have failed you.
WAMMWellness.com 34828 Enumclaw - Black Diamond Rd. (SR 169) Black Diamond, WA 98010 360-886-8030
OPEN 11-7 MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY
360-886-2130 indicarecollective.com 34828 Enumclaw - Black Diamond Rd. (SR 169) Black Diamond, WA 98010 - Old Tavern Building
ER IN
Black Diamond “I really don’t know how to put it, it was so relaxing out there, and the people were so nice.” “If the beautiful setting doesn’t get your attention, then the smile from the owner certainly will!” “Personally, I can’t think of a better location to discuss our medicine.”
Our naturopathic doctors provide BOWEN Therapy & individualized tinctures. $150.00 authorizations for first-time patients, Renewals from any provider $100. We offer 24-hour online verification!
MARKET IS OPEN SATURDAYS 11A-5P!
Despite some of the recent dust-ups, patients and care providers can still find each other in the beautiful foothills of Black Diamond and enjoy a comfortable, healing environment. Make the gorgeous drive down Green Valley Road to “Cannabis Cor ner.” At this one junction you can find W.A.M.M.’s Naturopathic Doctor, two collectives to help you find the perfect meds, ‘Indicare’ and ‘The Kind Alternative’, and on Saturdays the Cannabis Farmer’s Market, MMJ Universe, brings together a variety of collectives, chefs, artists and budtenders. You will definitely find what you’re looking for amid the dazzling selection of flowers, oils, plants, medibles, and products. And don’t miss the Historic Black Diamond Bakery for breakfast and drive through Flaming Geyser Park before heading home. The perfect day! GETTING TO BLACK DIAMOND!
INDICARE OPENING SPECIAL!
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TASTY
REVIEWS BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF PHOTO BY DANIEL BERMAN
Reviews
Auntie M’s Cakebombs Available from: Puget sound health alternatives 3202 15th Ave West Seattle, WA 98119 (206) 402-5082 pshalternatives.com
no more stale medibles with these freezable treats
One of the biggest challenges with medibles is storing them. For the average patient, one trip a week to the dispensary isn’t enough for fresh medibles. After a couple days in the fridge or cupboard, moist soft cookies are anything but. Fortunately, Auntie M’s Cakebombs take the pain out of stale medibles. Available individually or in 4 packs, they are designed to be stored in the freezer and can be eaten in the semi-frozen state! They can also be pulled out one at a time and thawed to room temperature, while those remaining are stored safely without spoilage. The effects take about an hour to onset, and can only be described as heavily relaxing. They are medicated with both CannaButter and concentrates, so the potency is undoubtable. Like a muscle relaxer, they’re highly effective for pain but can leave you with a sleepy, lethargic feeling. Struggling to sleep through the night? This is a solid alternative to narcotic sleep aids. Varieties include Chocolate, Mint Chocolate, Chocolate Peanut Butter, Lemon-Blueberry, Strawberry Shortcake, German Chocolate, Chocolate Oreo, Lemon Cheesecake, Lemon Blueberry Cheesecake and Strawberry Cheesecake.
oct. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
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Available from: iNDICARE COLLECTIVE 34828 Enumclaw - Black Diamond Rd. Black Diamond, WA 98010
concentrates
Old Tavern Building (360) 886-2130 Indicarecollective.com
Blue Dream B.H.O An intense Hybrid â&#x20AC;˘ 79.38% THC â&#x20AC;˘ <0.01% CBD REVIEW BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF | PHOTO BY DANIEL BERMAN
T
his nectar-like BHO has a beautiful amber color that is rivaled only by the absolute dead-on Blue Dream smell. The masterful processing allows for the terpenes to stay present in the concentrate, which make for a pungent taste and smell. The effects are
truly intense, but also nicely balanced for a Hybrid concentrate. Both body and mind are stimulated significantly, and in a smooth
onset/offset not often found with BHO. The smoke is clean and moderately expansive, while the smoke possesses a taste sweet and easy on the lungs. Expect to be medicated for several hours with this concentrate so please plan accordingly.
48/oct. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
Tested By
ANALYTICAL 360 Cannabis Analysis Laboratory
growtech
EveryThing You Always Wanted To Know About Seeds >>tAKING A PEEK BEHIND THE CURTAIN, FROM CROSSING STRAINS TO BREEDING WINNERS AND WHY THIS IS A REAL COMMITMENT
D
ood, I just picked up the new Jacked Silver Bubba Blue Dream Diesel Chem-Kush! It’s suppose to be a stable feminized BXII from an F4 that the breeder ended up making S2’s out of from some serious IBL’s so stoked.” As headie as all this talk may sound, to many, it’s dankenese; reserved for cryptic speak between breeders. The problem is, it’s the breeders who are producing and largely marketing and selling their seeds to patients. A basic understanding of these terms can facilitate some clarity when you’re choosing which seeds to obtain. This month’s grow tech will provide some basic definitions of the terms used to label seeds and how to understand them as first time or beginner growers looking to cultivate medication for your personal use. Breeders occupy a very special area of the Cannabis community. They spend their time growing and breeding different strains of Cannabis to be able to offer a seed that will showcase an individual, or set of characteristics they consider most valuable. In doing so they infuse their style, taste, opinion and ultimately a bit of themselves into their craft. Breeding is a complex endeavor and uses many different processes and terms to define them by. Each process serves a function in creating a predictable outcome. Patients must come to understand these outcomes so that they can get what they want from the seed pack they are buying. By having just a couple of terms made clear and with a brief understanding of how breeding works, it’s my hope that the next pack of seeds you purchase will be influenced by your own knowledge and not just the breeder’s (What type of parent would they be if they weren’t overselling their children’s qualities?). Let’s start with the basics. Cannabis is the only dioecious annual, meaning it is either male or female (for the most part). Only the female plants produce flowers that have the potent medication patients need.
BY DR SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF
When purchasing seeds, you have the option to get “regular” seeds which means you will get a mix, usually about 50/50 of male plants and female plants from the seed pack. The other choice is to get “feminized” seeds, indicating each seed should produce only a female plant. The certainty of feminized seeds are very attractive as you know that each seed should produce viable flowers. No need to worry about knowing how to identify a male or female plant, no guesswork regarding the exact number of female plants you will get, and no resourced being used cultivating male plants (they can not be identified right away). The drawback to feminized seeds is that they are being genetically altered in order to have this female only characteristic. In nature vs. nurture, nature always wins. What this means is that the opportunity for recessive characteristics or mutation to occur increases. When this happens the variation in the plant that grows from that seed expands. Something that usually smells very lemony, has little lemon scent at all for instance. What is suppose to be a feminized seed may turn out to be a male or may become hermaphroditic (have both sets of reproductive organs). Feminized seeds also usually cost more as the breeder is accounting for the fewer number of seeds you theoretically need to buy. The uniformity of characteristics of each plant can have greater variation in feminized seeds compared to regular seeds. This makes finding the “keeper pheno” more difficult. What’s a keeper pheno? I’m glad you asked... The next major component is known as phenotype variation. A phenotype is simply observable characteristics about the plant that come from it’s genetics. Take for example if a plant is tall or short, how it smells, what the yield is like, the potency and concentration of it’s cannabinoids, etc. For the most part, breeders develop reputations for providing large (also called floppy or
ARTICLE CONTINUED ON PG. 54
A phenotype is simply observable characteristics about the plant that come from it’s genetics. Take for example if a plant is tall or short, how it smells, what the yield is like, the potency and concentration of it’s cannabinoids, etc.
52/nov. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF
PHOTO BY FLICKR/FLUFFYMUPPET
growtech EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT SEEDS ARTICLE CONTINUED FROM PG. 52
loose) pheno variation OR small (tight or locked down) variation. Loose phenos have lots of variety. For example, you may get six females from one pack, two that are similar to one another and four others that are unique from one another. It’s almost like you purchase one strain but get five because the “phenotype” variation is so wide. On the opposite end, an example of locked down genetics is getting four or more almost identical plants out of six females. Understanding some basic terms will help you to understand what type of seed you are most likely to get. F1-filial generation number one. This is created when two distinct parent lines of Cannabis are crossed (P1 and P2), the resulting seeds are F1’s. The characteristics of F1’s are usually: vigorous, the majority have strong representation of either or both of parents’ dominant traits and the minority will have some recessive traits neither parent expresses. One could then select from the F1’s a male and female, cross them and have F2’s and so forth. The further out you cross strains the greater the chance for recessive (hidden) traits to be expressed. This can be good, if there is a hidden trait (because it’s a recessive gene) the breeder is looking to capture and make available in the seed or bad if the trait is not desirable. It’s up to the breeder to grow out each generation, take careful notes throughout the entire process and choose the plants that express the traits they are trying to capture and select out those that do not. This can take from a few years to a lifetime to accomplish. Breeding out to multiple filial generations is one
way that breeders are able to lock down genetics. They can further stabilize a trait or set of traits by a process known as Backcrossing (BX). Backcrossing is taking a plant at any filial generation and crossing it back to it’s previous generation. For instance taking an F2 and then crossing back to it’s parent (F1) results in a BXI or backcross first generation. You could then select a plant from the BXI and cross it again to the original parent and create BXII or backcross second generation (squared) and so forth. This helps breeders isolate characteristics about the plant and further predict the outcome of the seeds produced. Seeds that have been selected out for four or more generations and then stabilized through backcrossing are usually well worked seeds that provide very predictable phenotypes.
A
fter a certain period of time genetic traits can be isolated to a point that they are uniformly dominant. When lines of Cannabis have been worked for a very, very long time (Skunk, Afghan, Columbian, Thai etc.) breeders can create Inbred Lines. These lines are genetically homogenous or all grow uniformly from seed and are most often used for breeding as they so predictably impart a very specific and refined characteristic to everything they breed with. Lastly, a breeder can produce a “selfed” seed. If only one gender of the strain is available (say for instance, it’s a clone only strain) a breeder can take one of the clones and through a process known as “reversing” can make a female plant male. They can then grow that male and use it pollinate the original
TYPES OF SEEDS Regular - both males and female seeds Feminized - should only grow female plants
clone only female. This process produces feminized seeds known as S1. They could then reverse one of those feminized S1’s into a male, use it to pollinate the original S1 female and you would have an S2 generation and so forth. Now that your head is fully spinning I want to remind you of the my intention: helping you get what you want from your pack of seeds. If you are looking to get one pack of seeds, get lots of different versions of that strain, then you want breeders that have large pheno variation. F1’s of unstabilized hybrids or F2 that haven’t been backcrossed yet will often provide that. Many breeders offer limited edition hybrid releases where they cross two super powerhouse strains to create F1 seeds knowing that because “the line hasn’t been properly worked (bred out and stabilized in other words)” there will be large phenotype variation. If you are looking to get a refined idea expressed through Cannabis of what a plant “should” be then you want to work with a breeder claiming to have stable, locked down genetics. BX or BXII will usually provide limited pheno variation. Of course, IBL’s in seed form can be excellent and rare in some cases. The seed package will generally tell you a lot of this how the seed was created. Even more information can almost invariably retrieved online or from the breeder directly. Questions like, “what was the intentions of this breeding project?” “how stable are these seeds?” “How long have you been producing this line?” are all good questions to ask. Often there are detailed grow logs online you can follow to see the plant being grown and make a decision if it’s right for you. Remember that choosing which seeds to grow represents an implicit trust you must have for the person or people producing the seed. Either way it’s a commitment to consider seriously. A little bit of research can have you selecting from the breeders who are most likely to make your growing experience a great one.
F1-Filial generation - refers to the number of times a line has been crossed S1- Selfed - seeds from reversing plant gender & pollinating it or using for pollination. BX- Backcross - taking any filial generation plant & breeding it to the previous generation IBL- Inbred Line - a line that has homogenous traits when grown from seed.
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If you have any questions about breeders, need any
specific strain information or would like more advanced info. on breeding; as always please contact me at thegreengardengroup@gmail.com, or follow a grow log on my Youtube channel drscandersongt and as always, Happy Gardening!
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health & science BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCOTT D. ROSE
Juicing Cannabis >>full of beneficial compounds for the body, it sure beats carrots
H
ealth-conscious people have long known of the health benefits of juicing raw vegetables and fruits. Juicing is a great way to deliver vitamins, minerals and beneficial plant compounds called phytochemicals to the body. There is a movement in the medical Cannabis community to juice fresh Cannabis, right after the growing phase, for oral consumption. The mature leaves and buds are juiced, and there is no psychoactivity or “high” associated with it. The plant’s leaves are high in CBD levels and are best for juicing when the plants are between 70-85 days old. Ultimately, the body benefits from the concentrated amounts of medicinal phytochemical compounds being delivered in a nonharmful way. The rationale and practicality of this practice is worth investigating. Juicing is a healthful practice in modern times to ensure that we get an abundance of fresh, vitalized nutrition in our diets. Vegetable juicing is preferable to fruit juicing since leaning heavily on the fruit juice increases calories and sugar levels. Vegetable juices (aside from beet and carrot) do not raise insulin levels the way fruits do. Some fruits may be added in with vegetables, but, as a general rule, always use two to three times more veggies than fruit. Cooking and processing food destroys micronutrients — vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals — by altering their shape and chemical composition. This is
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certainly true of the complex chemistry within the Cannabis plant as well. Using a juicing machine that retains the fibers is preferable to just throwing the fiber away. If juicing strictly fruits and vegetables, that fiber is healthful and good for the body. This is not true of juicing Cannabis, however. The fresh plant fiber is not to be consumed as the plant material must be heated, or cooked in some way to destroy cystolith hairs on the fresh plant that cause throat, stomach, and intestinal irritation when consumed raw. If prepared properly, fresh Cannabis juice is truly a concentrated elixir. Fresh Cannabis juice is rather acidic and must be diluted before being consumed by mouth. The dilution may either be done with water, and/or with veggie/fruit juice. Doing so will allow for the added benefits of making a tasty treat and rapid absorption of a nutritious cocktail. Dr. William Courtney of Mendocino, CA, is a medical doctor whose practice of medicine focuses on working with medical Cannabis patients. He has been profiled in mainstream media for his work with fresh juice extracts of Cannabis. Along with his wife Kristen, Dr. Courtney has founded Cannabis International, an organization conducting research on fresh Cannabis extractions. The group is also pushing an international political agenda: The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 is an international treaty prohibiting the production and
cANNABIS IS A KIND OF SUPER-FOOD, A DIETARY ESSENTIAL. supply of specific substances. And in 1961, Cannabis was added to the list. Various other substances such as opium, coca, and derivatives such as morphine, heroin and cocaine, joined too. Cannabis International seeks to form a coalition of countries to band together to propose an amendment to the Single Convention treaty and remove Cannabis for the purpose of conducting their research. Dr. Courtney recommends that patients juice at least 15-20 fan leaves per day. He also recommends a strategy of being able to plant one plant per day, and to harvest one plant per day. Harvesting a mature plant daily, juicing the fresh leaves and flowers for consumption, and continuing the rotation with planting or
If juicing strictly fruits and vegetables, the natural fiber is healthful and good for the body. But this is not true of Cannabis, The plant material must be heated, or cooked in some way to destroy cystolith hairs on the fresh plant that cause throat, stomach and intestinal irritation when consumed raw. cloning.....daily? With current laws only allowing an individual to produce 15 plants at a time in WA state, even at the minimum dose of fan leaves daily this strategy seems impractical at this time. But it could be used in lesser amounts, of course, very successfully. Dr. Courtney contends that we must consider Cannabis a vegetable. And after Cannabis has been manipulated, heated and concentrated, it should then be considered a medicine. But in its fresh form, it is more than that, a kind of super-food - or a dietary essential. Cannabis contains highly digestible proteins, essential fatty acids, essential cannabinoid acids, terpene compounds, and, again, a whole host of vitamins, minerals and beneficial phytochemicals. Cannabinoid acids are one class of the phytochemicals in the Cannabis plant. THC is an example of a Cannabinoid compound most people are familiar with because of its’ psychoactive effects. In order to affect the mind THC must be altered from its state within the fresh plant. THC is not psychoactive until it has been aged, dried or heated. THCA is the carboxylic acid, or THC acid, which is how THC is found naturally in the fresh plant. In the raw plant, THC acid isn’t psychoactive, but can act as a very powerful medicine, up to 400 times more powerful than when smoked or ingested in more traditional fashion (medibles, tinctures, etc.). Altering THC, such as with the hea of a flame, can convert up to 600mg of nonpsychoactive THCA into as little as 10mg of psychoactive THC. While the 10mg retains some medicinal effects, there is only a fraction of the THC left. Of course, THC is but one of the 80 plus Cannabinoid compounds. CBD is another
A researcher, Dr. Courtney, recommends that patients juice at least 15-20 fan leaves per day. Cannabinoid compound with much buzz around it, though it too does not produce that “high.” CBD is known to be an effective muscle spasm reliever and has been shown important for bone healing, inflammation, and cancer. Research has shown CBD to help normalize the body’s functional systems, including cellular communication in the nervous system and proper immune function.
S
trains of Cannabis that are most widely available in the current marketplace have been selectively bred and hybridized for increased THC levels. Higher THC levels have been preferential for the recreational use of Cannabis and certain medicinal applications such as nausea. The beneficial effects of CBD seem to be very promising and remember that it’s just one of 80 such compounds found in Cannabis. CBDA is found in the fresh plant material (of strains high in CBD). The plant’s
leaves are high in CBD levels and best for juicing when the plants are between 70-85 days old. Across centuries, Cannabis and humans have had a relationship. This relationship likely began as hunters and gatherers used the plant, and over the years, it has been crucial for food, fiber, medicine and spiritual practice. In that time, there has been a dark cloud of negative stigma surrounding the Cannabis plant, which has culminated in policies such as the 1937 Marijuana Tax Act. This law made Cannabis virtually illegal in the US, and the 1961 Treaty, we noted, is still preventing production and supply on an international level. This inhibits research, which though limited, continues to uncover promising findings on the beneficial uses of Cannabis in all of its forms. Imagine if the plant were discovered today as a new species deep in the recesses of an Amazon rain forest, without all the negative baggage. Would the research and development of our scientific and clinical knowledge on this vastly important plant be so restricted and sluggish? Development of healthful delivery routes of Cannabis are important to further validate Cannabis as a medicine in mainstream circles. The juicing of whole plant Cannabis every day is compelling, but likely impractical for most individuals at this time. Those who can juice their Cannabis when possible may benefit from the plant’s health contributions. However, here is to the hope of one day raising a glass of fresh Cannabis juice and saying CHEERS!
The author is a naturopathic physician acupuncturist specializing in pain management w/ a private practice in Kirkland. Askdrrose.com.
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BEHIND THE STRAIN
PHOTO BY CANNAZON.COM
Lineage Name says it all on this one. Dank House goes out on a limb with an F1 hybrid and ends up with a super champion. This strain sounds like the entire elite OG arsenal combined, and it is. Gene collectors lucky enough to secure these STFO beans can expect a nice variety of potent OG pheno’s. All the versions tip the scales for THC, testing consistently over 21%, each one is simply a matter of the gardener’s preference – from tall, sour leaning or fuelly, kerosene, pinesolleaning OG’s that both yield handsomely to more White Fire lemon pine-leaning pheno’s that prioritize trichome production and stretch.
HOW IT GROWS: Like most elite OG Kush genes, this one is not easy to
Double -Barrel OG Kush A sativa that’s more like a quadruple shot of espresso BY DR. SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF
smoke report:
The Effect:
Densely stacked golf ball-like configurations of Sensimilla
complete with popping orange hairs are not bashful to show their plump calyxes abso-smurfly covered in disco balls. With a proper 45+ day cure, the fuely, putrid OG Kush smell gives way to lemon pine sol in the keeper I selected, Charlotte. And, yes, I name every plant I grow. This is my very favorite OG Kush at the moment. The flavor follows the smell with precision, but delightfully with a bit more fuel than I expected. Gigantic lung expansion and an immediate head change solidifies the wake of grateful patients that OG Kush garners.
The Genetics: Breeder: Dank House Seeds Whitefire #2 (Raskals Fire OG X The White) x Raskals OG Kush (Fire OG x SFV OG) Flowers for 58 to 65 days
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grow; if they were, exceptional OG Kush would be readily available and probably go the way of the blue dreamy bird. These girls are sensitive to heat and needs lots of light. Early training and pruning is a must if getting any sort of substantial yield is a priority. 45 to 50 days of veg build a nice wide base that will hold the weight and account for the vicious stretch they are capable of. How vicious? 400 percent vicious, so be ready! Vegging for this long requires advanced experience in height mitigation. That being said, they respond very quickly to super cropping when dialedin. They can really be some of the most exciting plants to work with. These OG’s like the nitrogen well into flower and show very little natural resistance to mold so, like most plants, they grow best in sterile environments.
My head reached
the stratosphere: contact mission control. The definition of headies must have been created from this medication. Like drinking a quadruple shot of espresso, minus and jitters or heart rate, the world is now clear and I’m feeling centered, inspired and ready to take on anything. Thoughts come racing in to which I categorize, create action item list for and get started. First up on the list, RE-TASTE!
the bottom line: Sure to pack the punch, flavor and effect to satisfy the most discriminating of elite OG heads, Double Barrel OG Kush is the benchmark of an instant classic. While extremely difficult to find and harder to find grown to its potential, this strain stands in a class by itself for patients needing potent & intense medication. It will surely increase energy, alertness and production — at whatever you’re doing.
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