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DECEMBER 2014

PROFILE Legalization

On election day, voters from across the nation sent a resounding message of support for access to marijuana. They voted in measures for outright legalization and access to medical marijuana and decriminalization and renewed reform of unreasonable drug arrests. Reporter Steve Elliott analyzes this year’s biggest changes.

National News

Holiday Recipes

Legal Perspective

Tasty Reviews

Drug War Prisoners

Grower’s Gift Guide

Steve Elliott with the roundup How Measure 91 affects you

The Human Solution’s dispatch

Christians & Cannabis One man’s journey toward acceptance

Medicated chocolate bark

Testing a 1:1 THC to CBD tincture

Give a loved one something nice

Grow Tech Tips How to feed your babies

EDITOR’S NOTE......................9 NATIONAL NEWS....................10 ECONOMY........................18 CONCENTRATES.......................36 CORVALLIS ACCESS....................38 PORTLAND ACCESS....................40 HEALTH & SCIENCE.....................44 BOTANICAL.........................46 FOLIAR FEEDING.......................52 BEHIND THE STRAIN..................54

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REHASHED Nectar Cannabis in Portland gave away an ounce of medicinal cannabis to any veteran who walked in on Veterans Day, Nov.11, 2014. A veteran who declined to give his name came with his dog to take the offer.

Photo by Carl Kiilsgaard for Oregon Leaf

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editor’s note

DECEMBER 2014

Contact oregon Leaf editor Wes Abney to discuss advertising or displaying our magazine in a new location. We want to hear from you! Feel free to send submissions, share news tips, your take on a story or one we should hear.

Thank you for checking out the 6 th issue of oregon leaf! Legalization is an important step but not the only one

owe a congratulations to the voters of Oregon! What a great victory for the state and for the world! Legalization of Cannabis has always been a dream of mine, and Oregon has taken a huge step in the right direction. Every adult in the state can now grow up to four plants recreationally. This is freedom. This is progress! Washington state made several major mistakes when it “legalized” pot, and people are still going to jail and prison in that state for possession of over one ounce or even a single plant of seed. It’s not even legal to share a joint with a friend. Disgraceful. Oregon has taken a negative to a positive, with reasonable regulation and taxation that will cause a whole new industry to grow. Pardon the pun. That all being said, I do have a warning of sorts for all the patients in Oregon. Do not let legalization fool you. This plant is medicine!

There is so much more to this amazing plant that we have not discovered yet, and we need to continue moving forward to treat the sick and dying people of the world. We need to keep performing research into the medicinal properties of Cannabis. We must not be content to simply just get high. Remember that Cannabis will never be truly legal until we can all grow the plant without fear of prosecution. Let’s keep fighting to make that a reality for all peoples, in all states, from all countries. Thanks for reading the Oregon Leaf, and caring about Cannabis, a gift to the world, and one worth sharing. So this holiday season, do the right thing — happily skip Black Friday and head straight for a green holiday.

Cheers,

WES ABNEY, EDITOR

Phone 206-235-6721 Email nwleaf@gmail.com

JACOB THOM Oregon Director of Sales

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Daniel Berman contributors SARAH AITCHISON SAM BERESFORD STEVE ELLIOTT WILL FERGUSON CARL KIILSGAARD JACOB NEWTON DR. SCANDERSON DR. SCOTT D. ROSE BEAU R. WHITNEY LAURIE WOLF & BRUCE WOLF

Department of Corrections

Our November 2014 Strain of the Month story ended early in error. It should have said that “you can’t go wrong with this tasty, heady strain.” Pg. 14 (Hempstalk) was labeled as pg. 12.

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion WSLCB Chairwoman Sharon Foster and member Chris Marr listen to public comment on proposed changes under Initiative 502, at a packed meeting Nov. 13, 2013 at Saint Martin’s University in Lacey, Wash.

FBI report

Almost 700,000 pot arrests last year The disturbing total flies in the face of clear support for marijuana across the U.S.

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Out of Time

The Washington State Liquor Control Board is responsible for implementing I-502’s legal recreational pot market. Now two of the board members are calling it quits.

hairwoman Sharon Foster, who’s been on to blend the medical marijuana law with the the Liquor board six years, said she won’t state’s recreational use law. seek another term while member and for“Little did I know … that marijuana would mer state Sen. Chris Marr will leave his post in Janbe legalized and we’d have to build this whole uary, the former Spokane auto dealer announced. market from scratch,” Marr said. In a statement to Gov. Jay The departures leave the Inslee, fellow board members board with an institutional marr leaves the board knowledge shortage, acand Board Executive Director Rick Garza, Marr thanked at probably its secondcording to Cannabis Wire, them all for their hard work and only one remaining most important juncture. over the past two years during member, Ruthann Kurose, which the state worked to imwho worked through the plement the legalized, recreational use of Cannaimplementation of Initiative 502. bis, reports Jim Boldt at Cannabis Wire. Those involved in Cannabis policy mention Marr said he will pursue lobbying. He leaves former state Rep. Lynn Kessler and former the board at probably its second most important state Sen. Tracey Eide as possible replacement juncture — the real possibility of legislative action candidates.

‘‘

Photo by Daniel Berman

ccording to the annual Uniform Crime Report released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, some 693,481 arrests were made nationwide for marijuana in 2013. More than 87 percent of those arrests were for possession, which means someone was arrested for marijuana possession every 51 seconds in the United States. The same report last year showed that 749,842 marijuana arrests were made in 2012. “We’re pleased to see the drop, but arresting even one adult for using a substance that is objectively less harmful than alcohol is inexcusable,” said Mason Tvert, director of communications for the Marijuana Policy Project. “Every year we see millions of violent crimes attributed to alcohol, and the evidence is clear that marijuana is not a significant contributing factor in such incidents. Yet our laws continue to steer adults toward drinking by threatening to punish them if they make the safer choice. These arrest numbers demonstrate that the threat is very real. “Law enforcement officials should be spending their time and resources addressing serious crimes, not arresting and prosecuting adults for using marijuana,” Tvert said. “Every year, these statistics show hundreds of thousands of marijuana-related arrests are taking place and countless violent crimes are going unsolved. We have to wonder how many of those crimes could be solved — or prevented — if police weren’t wasting their time enforcing failed marijuana prohibition laws. “A majority of Americans think Cannabis should be legal for adults and treated similarly to alcohol,” Tvert said. “Voters in four states and the District of Columbia have now passed laws that reflect that, and we expect several more will do over the next few years. It’s time for our laws to catch up with public opinion.”

New York

Mayor announces plan to end low-level pot arrests

The charges would usually follow an illegal search and stop and frisk practices

marijuana at higher rates. And last month, a ccording to The New York Times, federal circuit ruling opened the way to comunder a new plan from the Bill mence long-awaited reforms to NYPD’s stopde Blasio administration to end and-frisk practices. low-level marijuana possession arrests in New York state decriminalized personal posNew York City, those found with small session of small amounts of marijuana in 1977, amounts of marijuana would be issued a finding that arresting people for small amounts court summons and immediately released. of marijuana “needlessly scars thousands of lives This would be a shift from the current while detracting from the prosecution of seriarrest practice, where police charge people ous crimes.” with a misdemeanor — the person is then Yet over the past 20 years, marijuana posseshandcuffed, taken to the precinct and held sion has become a top law enforcement priority, for hours, fingerprinted and photographed, with nearly 600,000 people having been arrestand eventually released with a court date ed under this provision in New York City alone. and a virtually permanent arrest record. This was often as the result of an illegal search Ending arrests for marijuana possession or as the result of a stop-and-frisk encounter. is a constructive step towards reform, yet That’s when police illegally search a person or many questions and concerns about the new demand an individual “empty their pockets,” proposal remain. thus exposing marijuana to public view, which The new proposal comes on the heels is then a crime. of a recently released report The proposal unby the Drug Policy Alliance derscores the need and the Marijuana Arrest 600,000 people have for statewide legResearch Project, which anbeen arrested in 20 years. islation that will alyzed marijuana arrest and fix problems with income data. It shows that New York’s marilow-income communities of juana possession law and address the legacy of color face dramatically higher rates of arinjustice associated with these broken policies rest for marijuana possession than do white — like the Fairness and Equity Act (Camara communities of every class bracket. (A.10175)/Squadron (S.7927)) introduced earMost of those arrested are young men lier this year. of color, even though young white men use

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Quoted

Quick Hits! 1.1 25 30 33 40 600 8,900 Federal agents in Massachusetts found over 1.1 million dollars in cash and 118 pounds of finished Cannabis in a raid that resulted in no arrests, but surely one broke and pissed off dealer.

The amount in grams that New Yorkers are allowed to possess but not smoke under new decriminalization laws, which “Saturday Night Live” satirized in a recent skit about the hypocrisy of possession-but-not-smoking laws. Police in Springfield, Panama caught Johnny Vihn Nguyen, 25, and Sarah Joanna Mills, 25 in the process of making over 30 pounds of synthetic pot, mixing chemicals like acetone and bath salts with over the counter herbs. Age of Michael Barboza, who attacked another driver in a road rage incident wielding a rake, a move that lead Boston PD to discover his single Cannabis plant.

Tax percentage on recreational Cannabis proposed by Fairview, OR Mayor Mike Weatherby, a controversial move given that the state’s recreational law expressly prohibits local taxes from targeting Cannabis sales. The first auction for Cannabis was held in Washington, where I-502 producer Fireweed Farms sold 600+ pounds of flower to state licensed retailers.

$34 million worth of pot plants, according to Nevada law enforcement, was seized in a raid in Nye County. More than 8,900 plants were cut down in total in a huge blow to that illegal grow.

I DON’T THINK ANYONE IN THE INDUSTRY IS LOOKING TO MAKE PRODUCTS FOR CHILDREN, AND WE RESENT THIS IDEA THAT PEOPLE AREN’T RESPONSIBLE FOR [WHAT] THEY BRING INTO THEIR HOME. -Elyse Gordon, owner of Better Baked, a Denver company that makes edible pot products including teas, energy bars and candies, according to an article in The New York Times last month reporting that the state plans to institute new restrictive measures to keep Cannabis away from kids.

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion

Portland keeps on harassing Hempstalk City denies permit for 2015 in latest stunt

Active Doobie

Soldiers in legal states must continue to pass regular drug tests

dropped from 315 in fiscal 2012 to 250 in fiscal ith the number of states where marijua2013, according to Army data. The number of solna is now legal reaching four (plus the diers testing positive for pot at Fort Carson also District of Columbia), the U.S. military dropped over the same period, from 365 to 254. is still trying to enforce 20th century drug policies “The results of our continued drug testing demonof zero tolerance toward Cannabis, despite shifting strate the commitment soldiers have to the Army public opinion. profession, regardless of a state’s legalization of Alaska, Oregon and the District of Columbia marijuana,” Army spokesman Lt. Col. Benjamin have joined Colorado and Washington as legal haGarrett said. vens for weed, but the Army has gone to great pains “With 98 percent of the Army population to remind troops that state law doesn’t help servicetesting negative for illicit drugs, soldiers demonmen who smoke pot, reports RT.com. strate their ability to take responsibility for The military is governed by federal laws, under themselves, reinforcing the fact that our drug which marijuana possession remains a criminal oftesting program is working.” fense; use or possession of Cannabis Cases have already occurred also remains a crime under the UniThe military is still of spouses of military service form Code of Military Justice and governed by federal members getting stopped by base can result in court martial. laws under which marijuana possession guards while driving on base, Each branch of the military claims remains a criminal where marijuana legally authoto keep troops off marijuana by freoffense, and a crime rized by a physician under state quent drug testing and stiff penalties that could result law can get the soldier in trouble for those who test positive. in a court martial. under federal law. According to Army testing data Civilians caught bringing marrecently obtained by the Washington ijuana onto military bases face federal legal action Times, 30,836 of the 41,000 soldiers stationed at regardless of state law. For spouses that can mean Joint Base Lewis-McChord south of Tacoma were getting kicked out of base housing; some can lose tested in fiscal 2014; that’s about 75 percent. their jobs on base. Army Times reports that spousMeanwhile, at Fort Carson, Colorado, all 26,000 es who smoke legal marijuana “would be putting active duty personnel were tested. The number of their service member in a bad situation.” soldiers testing positive for pot at Lewis-McChord

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Photo by Daniel Berman

eptember’s Hempstalk Festival was a well-organized, orderly event, where plenty of information about the Cannabis hemp plant and its many uses was disseminated by activists and speakers, along with bands, vendors and bounteous opportunities for people-watching. What I did not see — and I attended the entire two-day festival — were people smoking or selling weed inside the event. Portland parks officials waited only a day after Oregon’s historic vote to legalize marijuana under Measure 91 to mail a letter to Hempstalk organizer Paul Stanford. It was a firm denial of his request to have next year’s festival at Portland’s Tom McCall Waterfront Park, or any other public property. City officials claim attendees smoked marijuana at the event and that organizers were “unable or unwilling to intervene,” but Stanford told me that when parks officials told him they’d seen someone selling marijuana inside the event, he told them to throw the guy out immediately. “While they did throw out the person in question, now they are trying to claim that we were somehow associated with him — and frankly, I believe the guy was a plant,” Stanford told this magazine. The denial of a 2015 permit is the latest development in a saga that includes rejection of the 2014 event, an unprecedented appeal, a Portland City Council debate about the decision, and a convoluted permitting process that ended days before the two-day event. Stanford had described Waterfront Park, home of Hempstalk, as “the only place” in Portland where people wouldn’t be using pot. “This is all about the police and the prohibitionist reactionaries, who are attacking us for any reason they can find,” said Stanford, who has attorneys filing an appeal to the city. “We will prevail, we will never surrender.”

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national

STEVE ELLIOTT is the editor behind tokesignals.com, an independent blog of Cannabis news and opinion

ACROSS THE NATION, PEOPLE ARE DEMANDING

LEGALIZATION! Our

country has accelerated the momentum to legalize marijuana and end the wider drug war. Marijuana legalization measures were voted in last month in Oregon, Alaska and Washington, D.C., while groundbreaking criminal justice reforms passed in California and New Jersey. “This Election Day was an extraordinary one for the marijuana and criminal justice reform movements,” said Ethan Nadelmann, executive director of the Drug Policy Alliance. “Oregon proved that Colorado and Washington were no flukes. “Washington, D.C., voters sent a powerful message to Congress that federal marijuana prohibition has no place in the nation’s capital,” he said. “Voters in Florida and Guam demonstrated that medical marijuana could win big even in fairly con-

servative jurisdictions. California and New Jersey revealed an electorate eager to reduce prison populations and the prison industrial complex. “These victories are even more notable for having happened in a year when Democrats were trounced at the polls,” Nadelmann added. “Reform of marijuana and criminal justice policies is no longer just a liberal cause but a conservative and bipartisan one as well. On these issues at least, the nation is at last coming to its senses.” November’s successes will boost efforts underway in California, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada and Arizona to end Canna-prohibition in 2016. A wider spectrum of drug policy reforms was on the ballot this November than ever before in U.S. history, on everything from sentencing and bail reform to decriminalization, MMJ and legalization.

November’s successes will boost the efforts underway in California, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada and Arizona to end Canna-prohibition in the next elections.

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alaska

NEW RECREATIONAL

Alaska is becoming the first “red” state and the fourth nationally to approve the legal regulation of marijuana. Ballot Measure 2 has 11,391 votes separating the “yes” and “no” votes — up an additional 1,767 votes from election night. Drug Policy Alliance supported this initiative with assistance on the drafting, and financial and other support.

California California voters took a significant step toward ending mass incarceration and the war on drugs by approving Proposition 47. On the heels of reforming the state’s threestrikes law in the 2012 election, Californians overwhelmingly voted to change six low-level, nonviolent offenses – including simple drug possession – from felonies to misdemeanors. Drug Policy Alliance helped draft the initiative and provided financial support for the campaign, Nadelmann said.

fLORIDA Fifty-seven percent of voters in Florida approved Amendment 2 to legalize medical marijuana, a ballot initiative that makes Florida,

States (and d.c.) with legalized medical marijuana

with its huge population and bellwether status in American politics, the very first state in the South to see a majority vote for mmj. Despite that 56% vote of support, it won’t be enacted into law because Florida requires 60 percent to pass a ballot initiative. No other state does. There may not yet be a medical Cannabis law in Florida, but these results send a powerful message throughout the South — and through Capitol Hill.

guam Guam’s medical marijuana initiative won by 56 percent, making it the first U.S. territory to approve such a law. Guam is conservative politically, and home to a significant U.S. military presence, so this resounding victory is another confirmation of medical marijuana’s broad support across the political spectrum. Drug Policy Action supported this initiative with assistance on its drafting.

NEW JERSEY Voters there approved Public Question No. 1 to reform New Jersey’s bail system. This will reduce the number of people behind bars for low-level drug law violations and ushers in broader bail reform because it is linked to comprehensive legislation, already signed by the governor, that overhauls the state’s broken bail system. DPA’s New Jersey office played a pivotal role in this campaign.

new mexico In New Mexico, voters in Santa Fe and Bernalillo counties voiced overwhelming support for marijuana decriminalization. Both the Santa Fe

and Bernalillo county ballots asked voters whether they supported decriminalization of 1 ounce or less of marijuana at a city, county and state level. The passage of the advisory questions proves that voters in both counties want to decriminalize small amounts of marijuana. While this doesn’t change current law, it is a vital step in ensuring elected officials know where New Mexicans stand on this issue. Bernalillo and Santa Fe counties represent one-third of the state’s population.

OREGON

NEW RECREATIONAL

Oregon voters overwhelmingly elected to make their state the third in the nation to legally regulate the production, distribution and sale of marijuana. Passage of Measure 91 accelerates the nationwide momentum in favor of legalizing marijuana. Like the historic laws adopted in Colorado and neighboring Washington two years ago, this new law will legalize possession of small amounts of marijuana for adults 21 and older and create a statewide system to regulate production and sales. DPA’s lobbying arm, Drug Policy Action, was the single largest donor to the Oregon campaign and was deeply involved in the measure’s drafting and on-the-ground campaign.

Washington, D.C.

NEW RECREATIONAL

Voters in the District of Columbia have approved Initiative 71, a ballot initiative that legalizes possession of up to 2 ounces of marijuana for adults over the age of 21 and allows individuals to grow up to six marijuana plants in their home. D.C. laws have prevented the ballot initiative from addressing the taxation and sale of marijuana,

M91 WINS

55.97% OF VOTE!

States with legalized recreational marijuana

Alaska, Colorado, Oregon, Washington state and D.C.

Alaska Arizona California Colorado Connecticut D.C. Delaware Hawaii Illinois Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Montana Nevada New Hamp. New Jersey New Mexico New York Oregon Rhode Island Vermont Washington

but officials there are considering a bill that would tax, regulate and strictly control the sale of marijuana to adults. The Drug Policy Alliance and Drug Policy Action provided significant financial assistance and played a leadership role in the Initiative 71 campaign — coordinating efforts around coalition building, voter outreach and advising on the drafting of the law, said Malik Burnett, the initiative’s campaign co-chair. This was the first legalization campaign in which the racial bias of marijuana enforcement played a major role. And it won with 69 percent of the vote — only 30 percent of voters cast ballots against the measure, and in only one of the city’s 143 precincts were there more votes against it than for it.

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OPINION

By ATTORNEY PAUL LONEY for OREGON LEAF

1) WILL THE OREGON LIQUOR CONTROL COMMISSION ALLOW INVESTMENT BY NON-OREGON RESIDENTS? Measure 91 is silent as to residency requirements. Some people are advocating that the OLCC adopt requirements that will require that licensees be residents of Oregon for a period of time prior to submitting an application. Oregon is witnessing out-of-state investors buying property or Cannabis-related businesses. Some people feel we should protect the mom and pop businesses, the pioneers of the recreational market. Others are excited about allowing out-of-state investment opportunities. Should the OLCC protect Oregonians or allow a free flow of commerce?

2) IS EVERYONE REALLY ABLE TO NOW GROW FOUR CANNABIS PLANTS?

3) WILL THE OLCC LIMIT THE NUMBER OF RETAIL LICENSES IT GRANTS? Measure 91 allows the OLCC to take into account public interest or convenience, and seasonal fluctuations in populations, when deciding to issue licenses. This allows the OLCC to provide enough licenses to serve the needs of a population during peak seasons. This measure allows the OLCC to consider saturation issues and potentially limit the number of retail licenses based on population.

4) ARE LICENSED COMMERCIAL GROWERS ALLOWED TO GROW UNDER THE OMMP? Measure 91 is silent on this issue. However, this issue will be brought up and clarified during administrative rule making and the upcoming legislative session. The issue of proper tax collection under Measure 91 while limiting the potential for Measure 91 marijuana to be diverted into the Oregon Medical Marijuana Program will need to be addressed.

5) CAN A LOCAL JURISDICTION ZONE RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS OUT OF EXISTENCE? Cities and counties can adopt reasonable time, place and manner regulations of nuisance aspects for retail establishments. The city or county must make a specific claim of the adverse effects arising from the nuisance. This issue will most likely be addressed case by case in the court system. This is where Oregon business owners can look to Colorado and Washington for statistics and information on the nuisance effects, if any, arising from retail stores. Business owners might want to meet with local bureaucrats and politicians to address their concerns prior to Measure 91â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s implementation.

6) WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD FOR THE STATE OF OREGON AND THE RECREATIONAL MARIJUANA MARKET NOW DEVELOPING? The voters have spoken and want to see a viable commercial market for recreational marijuana. The OLCC realizes this, but will be subject to pressure from people who oppose Measure 91. Therefore, supporters of Measure 91 have to be vigilant and participate in the rule-making process. Remember what happened with HB3460? Proponents thought we would have medical marijuana dispensaries statewide, and then SB1531 snuck up on people who were not vigilant and cities and counties were allowed to impose moratoriums.

The author is a Portland attorney specializing in medical and recreational marijuana law. www.paulloneylaw.com

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Measure 91 The election is over and Oregon is now among four states to allow recreational marijuana use and sale. Now is when legalization here will be implemented. But the new law isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t without problem areas needing to be addressed.

LEGAL Q&A

No. First, this measure is limited to people 21 years of age and older. Second, there is a limit of four plants per household no matter the number of adults living in the household. Lastly, if you live within 1,000 feet of a school, you are unable to grow your four plants under Measure 91.

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OPINION

Why Measure 91 will be great for Oregon’s economy By PROFESSOR BEAU R. WHITNEY for OREGON LEAF

the smoke and haze clears after election night here in Oregon, I have been asked by many about my Cannabis economic forecast for Oregon and how measure 91 will impact the market.When I first started looking into the demand for Cannabis in Oregon almost a year ago, I wanted to build a very simple model so that people could understand how I arrived at the conclusion that it will be a huge economy grower. I checked with the small number other Cannabis economists around the United States to see what their approach was, my goal being to build a model to be able to compare different states on an apples-to-apples basis. One economic forecast that I looked at closely was the original forecast used in the Colorado recreational initiative. The variables used in Colorado were simple, and I could assess the strengths and weaknesses of the Colorado forecast. It was also helpful that there was some data on Cannabis sales that could be compared to the original forecast.

After many discussions with legislative tax

economists in Oregon about the strengths and weaknesses of the Colorado assumptions, I settled on five basic variables to study in Oregon:

Beau R. Whitney is an economics professor at the University of Phoenix and Chief Operations Officer at Golden XTRX, an oil extraction company based in Portland. www.goldenxtrx.com

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> Total usage per year, 3.5 ounce/ person per year > Percentage of users buying black market, 50% > The amount of tax per ounce, about $35/ounce > Population growth, according to Census and PSU > Percentage of self-declared users, 12.9 percent of the population, according to the Center of Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality

When I eventually was able to calculate the Total Available Market (TAM), I was completely stunned at how large a market already exists here in Oregon. In 2015, I forecast a total medical revenue of $59 million and a recreational market of $560 million.

Who would have believed that the total market revenue for Oregon Cannabis is over $600 million per year? Even after adjusting for only 50 percent of recreational users converting over to the legal market, the market is a robust $300 million every year.

Year

Medical

Recreational

2015 2016 2017 2018

$58.8 million $59.6 million $60.3 million $60.9 million

$559.3 million $565.8 million $572.4 million $579.2 million

There is clearly a strong enough market to support having a separate dispensary program on the medical side. I predict that unlike in Colorado, where medical actually grew after the recreational market was legalized, the Oregon medical market will be flat or decrease. In Colorado, where taxes are a low at 2.9 percent for medical sales but in excess of 23 percent for recreational, people have signed up for their medical cards in large numbers because it is easy and cheap to get a card and earn your money back in saved taxes. In Oregon however, the payback period is much longer so there is less of an incentive to get a medical card. We will likely see fewer people get a medical card in Oregon. The market should remain in the $60 million range for the foreseeable future. The Oregon recreational market is much larger in its potential. It is 10 times the size of the Oregon medical market. It’s so large, that I expect to see an influx of investment into Oregon for every level of production over the next six – 12 months as we prepare for the recreational market to kick in. Given the size, there is enough room to accommodate several large players in the flower, oil and edibles space. To those who have invested in this market, kudos to you for your vision. For those just peering in, the risk is already here. The risk of being left behind by others.

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dispatch

By MIGGY420, SHAREN MARSHALL, MINDI GRIFFITH & KRISTIN FLOR

DECEMBER PRISONER UPDATE News from the front lines of tHE HUMAN SOLUTION Prison outreach

good man is being treated like a criminal by an asshole with power. The man, imprisoned for a plant, lost the opportunity to be a father. A daughter lost her opportunity to be with her father. This man would’ve been more of an asset to the world, to his nation, to his community. This man’s name is Richard DeLisi. After being incarcerated for more than 25 years, he will see a judge Dec. 1 to correct his 90-year prison sentence. Join the Human Solution’s mission to free Richard by joining the DeLisi Project. We are trying to flood the judge with letters from across the nation. Visit our website for more details. Another man who has been in prison since the 1980s risks going into solitary confinement every week to call into our radio show. Craig Cesal has lost his life as a U.S. citizen, but not as a human being. Craig is being forced to sign medical forms against his will, and forced into isolation and various other forms of torture, all after being convicted for a plant. After his medical care was denied, the Human Solution flooded the prison with calls. Ferntucky Medical adopted Craig and hired an attorney to help him. Craig was told “people” do not like the external support he is getting, but please send Craig a letter of encouragement and let him know his story will not be lost in the sorry chronicles of the drug war. You can find his address on our website. Finally, we highlight this month’s prisoner who needs adoption. Vietnam War veteran Kenny Kubinski is in his 60s, he’s kind, gentle and humble,

and he is serving a life sentence because a prosecutor accused him of using his crop-dusting plane to import and distribute marijuana. When Kenny was charged, he was a husband and a father of three children. His wife also was charged and served seven years, forcing their children into the foster care system. Kenny’s sentence stripped him of the life he established on the outside, a life that we all deserve: To be with the ones we love. Kenny was accused of importing and distributing marijuana, but does it really matter what his role was when it comes to a plant? The sentence that Kenny and so many others have received shouldn’t be called a life sentence. It’s a death sentence, because that’s all that prison allows once you’re behind those walls. If you find time this holiday season, send Kenny Kubinski some emotional or financial support, and consider permanently adopting him. No jail for a plant!

Washington news

ebbie Brechler and Josh Mauk have won their fight for their children. A guardian ad litem determined the kids are right where they belong. If everything goes well, they will not have state Child Protective Services in their lives too much longer. However, they still face state charges and are in risk of losing their freedom. As a result of Jack and Sally pin sales, Josh and Debbie were able to hire David Arganian. A silent auction fundraiser at MMJ Universe in Black Diamond, Wash. raised more money to hire David. Thank you to all who helped. Thank you to all the

court supporters who have been showing up in court; it has made a big difference to them. We are showing the community that we stand behind our plant defendants! Jude Joseph Ortiz, a father of five from Yakima, will be sentenced soon in a case that arose from a raid in August 2011 of his mother’s home for a legal grow. After a trial and the incarceration of his other family members, he is facing 24 years. The court canceled his sentence several times regardless of our rallies, protest and support in the courtroom from his family and Human Solution members. A formal complaint was filed to the Washington Bar Association about the lack of help from the public defender. Please write a letter to judge David Elofson requesting a retrial and fair treatment for our hero, Jude. The Kettle Falls 5 trial starts Dec. 1, and we will have an update on their trial in the next issue. We encourage everyone who has any kind of business associated with marijuana to support these defendants. Any of us could have our family torn apart, possessions and family heritage stolen, and money and medicine confiscated by our federal government.

Oregon News

total end to prohibition is the ultimate goal for pro-Cannabis activists, but the passage of Measure 91 has the potential to keep people out of jail for a plant. The Multnomah County District At-

No one should go to jail for a plant! 20/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

torney’s Office released a statement after voters legalized recreational Cannabis use in Oregon: “Because it is clear that a significant majority of voters in Multnomah County support the legalization of marijuana in certain amounts, this office will dismiss the pending charges related to conduct which will otherwise become legal July 1, 2015.” Measure 91 will allow adults to grow four plants and to possess up to 8 ounces of dried Cannabis per household. The measure also ends an officer’s ability to obtain a warrant due to the smell of Cannabis. The district attorney will dismiss about 50 pending Cannabis cases in Multnomah County. However, one case in Oregon that does appear to be going forward is the State vs. Joy Graves. Joy is an ordained spiritual leader of the federally recognized Oklevueha Native American Church. She and her co-defendant, Raymond Martin, are facing 10 years for cultivation charges because she grew Cannabis, an important part of the ceremonies she leads, on church property. She pled with the court Oct. 30 to dismiss the case due to a lack of jurisdiction. She is adamant that this matter is federally protected and not in the realm of the states’ control because she consumes Cannabis for spiritual use. At the October hearing, church elder James Warren “Flaming Eagle” Mooney was called as a witness by the defense. He affirmed the validity of Joy’s branch of the Oklevueha Native American Church. James testified to the history of Cannabis as a sacrament and healing plant on our planet and the important way the earth-based faith uses it for worship. He also discussed federal laws protecting Native Americans from religious persecution. The district attorney questioned James’ testimony by saying Cannabis came to the United States from Mexico. James laughed and stated he felt it was a ridiculous statement and that Cannabis grows all over the world. James then let out a “Geesh.” After hours of testimony from James and Joy, the court determined they were out of time and needed to schedule a new court date. The attorneys for Raymond and Joy asked the court to consider dropping the restraining order between the two defendants. Joy is Raymond’s spiritual leader and the no-contact order prevented him from seeking her guidance. The judge did agree to allow them to see each other for spiritual reasons, but said no intoxicants would be allowed. Raymond’s attorney reminded the court that it is OK for alcohol to be part of a religious ceremony and to be served to minors and that Cannabis should be no different. Joy is very concerned for her church member and co-defendant.

Joy explained, “(Raymond Martin) came all the way from Kansas City, Missouri, trusting that this church would give him sanctuary as the refugee he was. He was in prison for meth back there and fought out, was falling back into it — his mother and kids agreed it was best that our church help him get clear of that garbage. They thought sending him out would save him from that life. Oregon wishes to punish him for the only plant that can.” There are no victims besides the defendants and their families in this case. Joy has been a Cannabis activist in Oregon for many years. It is time we support her and help keep her and Raymond out of prison. Join us Dec. 4 at 3:30 p.m. in the Grant County Circuit Courthouse in Canyon City, Oregon. The power of court support is ending prohibition around the nation — every person who shows up to support Raymond and Joy will make a difference.

N at i o n a l n e w s As a result of Joy’s raids, she and Crockett Anderson have formed a chapter of The Human Solution in Oregon. Billy Fischer also started our first chapter in Idaho. Throughout the nation this month, chapters have formed in California, Alaska, Florida and Arizona to fight prohibition. The Human Solution has a goal to have a chapter in every city to provide support to our defendants and prisoners. It is our mission to end this war. We are trying to raise awareness about jury nullification, the prison systems and our civil rights. Call 951-934-0055 or go to thsintl.org to start a chapter in your area. Please listen to our radio show, live every Sunday morning. No one deserves to go to prison or die for our plant. No victim = no crime = not guilty.

THERE ARE NO VICTIMS BESIDES THE DEFENDANTS AND THEIR FAMILIES IN THIS CASE. You can help drug war prisoners. Visit www.the-human-solution.org to learn about this mission. dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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feature

By OREGON LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCANDERSON

PHOTOS by NATE WATTERS for OREGON LEAF

The thing about concentrates Thousands of butane canisters litter the ground following an explosion caused by an illegal lab outside of Humboldt last month. Police are still searching for the reckless producers. Photo courtesy Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office

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If you’ve been anywhere near the medical marijuana movement in the past three years or merely exist in this pot culture time warp, you have seen the figurative (and actual) explosion of hash concentrates. Whether you prefer BHO, PHO, CHO, Co2 Oil, Honey Oil, Oil, Earl, Wax, Honeycomb, Comb, Crumble, Shatter, Sap, Sand, Beach Sand, Ice Wax, Ice Shatter, Bubble, Full Melt, RSO, Phoenix Tears, De-Waxed Shatter, Over Shatter, Sugar Wax, Dabs, Terp Sauce or Unicorn Blood, to name a few products, you’ll be medicating with a concentrated THC extraction created through a solvent or solventless method. The overwhelmingly largest amount of hash that has been introduced recently is from a solventless-extraction process known as butane extraction, which produces a product commonly known as BHO or Butane Hash Oil. With more cool names than a shelf of strains to describe it and its ingestion, hash in its many forms has slowly evolved as the leading alternative to dried blooms. So how is it affecting patients and enthusiasts?

THE GOOD

THE BAD

THE UGLY

The most effective Cannabis treatments for life-threatening diseases are concentrates. When properly and responsibly administered, no other form of Cannabis is more effective in administering Cannabis for relieving symptoms. Using various methods of concentration, the medicinal benefits of Cannabis have been elevated to levels that would otherwise be impossible to ingest. It’s precisely at those levels, and sometimes only at these levels, that treatment is effective. It’s also due to the benefits of extracted and concentrated Cannabis that healthier ingestion for various treatments can be used, including oral ingestion, topical and vaporization. Evolving technology, ongoing research, and the design of existing devices and mechanisms have exciting promise for expanding the effectiveness of Cannabis treatments. Improved technology leads to increased precision in the creating the product. The potential to separate individual cannabinoids and terpenes now exists along with the possibility of its application at a pharmaceutical level. This could dramatically expand the range of ailments that medical Cannabis can treat and the speed of its effectiveness in providing relief. As patients and enthusiasts, it’s delightful to have an entirely new set of options for flavors, consistencies and methods. The bouquet of new tastes, smells and effects can be overwhelmingly amazing. The advent of the concentrated market allows for new ways to enjoy our favorite terps and cannabinoids. This enthusiasm has opened up many opportunities for others to create, innovate and service this new excitement. “Dab Life” culture, T-shirts, pins, stickers, containers, tools, mats, pads, attachments, torches, hats and the extraction process has provided arenas for people to make a valuable contribution to this market and create an income. There’s nothing new about people using glass art for medication, but the art of making glass pieces for people to smoke concentrates has exploded. Bob Snodgrass, Jerome Baker Designs and many others laid the foundation for a revolution that would find its second wind in the emergence of BHO. I know people who have whimsically decided to take up glassblowing, started hanging out 7 Point Studio in Seattle and now work with some of the world’s best glassblowers. The chance to express their creativity through glass and enjoy a market that provides financial security for their passion, is a welcomed friend.

About five years ago, I witnessed the thing of urban legends right outside my booth at Hempstalk in Portland. Someone was taken away by ambulance because of Cannabis. The rumor at the time was that some noob decided to huff a huge amount of “ear wax” then became convinced he was having a heart attack and passed out. Nothing probably happened to the young lad aside from some treatment for dehydration and heat exhaustion, but a line had been crossed. I never remember anyone, no matter how inexperienced, being able to ingest enough Cannabis in one sitting to pass out in a fit of anxiety. I’ve sat through some rough times while smokign regular flower, but the worst case would be group encouragement, perhaps a little retching, followed by hours of sleep and fogginess. The widely available forms of highly concentrated Cannabis allow users to take single dabs of 80 percent THC as though it were a bong hit. The results and corresponding media coverage are right there to exaggerate. I’ve always associated the ingestion of Cannabis as part of a lifestyle associated with health, wellness, mindfulness and compassion. Very little danger can be derived from growing a plant beneficial to humans and ingesting it. The federal government classifies Cannabis as a Schedule 1 narcotic, in the same category as heroin and bath salts. Discovering a way to administer Cannabis that uses a blow torch and a small glass device doesn’t help its image problem. Not only has weed smoking progressed to levels that an outsider might reasonably compare medicating with concentrates to freebasing pot, but people left and right have blown up their homes, themselves, and people and homes all around them just attempting to make these Cannabis products. It’s clear the butane hash revolution has brought increased risks associated with production and ingestion. It’s no longer people cooking butter on a stove top. These are volatile chemicals that require knowledge, experience and respect in handling. The lack of access to quality information on how to safely and effectively produce Cannabis concentrates has led to many accidents and pushed too much of the production underground. Assisted by testing facilities, producers can learn how to create a safe production facility, good products and an effective extraction. Good people are instituting checks and balances on concentrates by working with agencies, and establishing standards.

Increased demand for BHO has provided leeway for growers to hide mistakes and disguise the use of chemical toxins by blowing their blooms into oil. The average patient is capable of discerning high-quality dried flower from those that were not grown to potential and mishandled during drying and curing. The same is not true of BHO. In fact, it’s extremely difficult to get information about the material that was processed once it’s been extracted. If growers make critical errors during the grow that results in below average Cannabis, they can hide it by processing it into oil. If extractors are skilled enough, they will be left with at least a reasonable-quality BHO. It’s true that the best product in concentrates begins with the best starting material, but lots of BHO is made from trim. For some, this practice is limited to turning poorly grown plants into concentrates. But a more serious problem is growers disguising dangerous pesticides and chemical treatments, and diseases and infestations, by turning their round into BHO. Butane can transmit mold and other harmful pathogens to the product, if it exists in the starting material. Little information is available on the amount of residuals from chemical pesticides that can be ingested. But like any business seeing tremendous growth, some contributors and innovators will look to invent contrived new standards. Take for instance your rig: the pieces you smoke from. They have gotten pricey as demand increased. Spending $250 to $350 in a glass shop five years ago gave would get you just about every heady piece, donut, implosion and wigwag in the shop, with the exception of a small number of elaborate pieces that were as much for display as for sale. Now you can’t get full-size, completely clear name brands for that. Who is being serviced when identical glass pieces are being churned out, marketed and price gunned at $800 to $1,000? Both good and bad, the hash revolution is here to stay. With the advent of solventless extraction, the majority of the concerns and issues that exist simply melt away. Combined with some of the newer regulations that ensures increased safety through mandates for safer equipment and processes, it’s my hope that the hillbilly blasting of the past will return to more patient-focused processes and procedures. Provided that basic safety measures are used and the production of the product is left to those with experience, intelligence and the resources to produce it properly, concentrated Cannabis has a viable, safe and absolute space in this world.

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feature

By SAMUEL BERESFORD

CHRISTIANS

& CANNABIS C O N F ES S I O N S O F A S TO N E D PA S TO R ’ S K I D

“I’ll

be a millionaire by 30, just watch!” my own words rang in my ears. How had greed become a core of my being? When did I stop caring as much about people, as I had when I was younger? Why was I sitting here thinking about a conversation that had happened years ago with someone I don’t even talk to very often? I was stoned. At least that was what my friends were calling it. It was the first time I had been under the influence of Cannabis. My endocannabinoid system was firing at maximum capacity. I was there in the room doing the mundane routine of life, but I was simultaneously deeply evaluating my life. It seems like I do that a lot now. I think that it’s a good thing. I’ve been accused all my life of being ADHD. Which I reply is really “HD ADD.” I’m high definition. In all seriousness, Adderall is perfectly synthesized amphetamines. I’m a PK. That’s an affectionate name we give those rebellious teens who we joke about: Pastor’s kids. My dad’s a pastor. When I moved out, I was a hardcore Christian. I had strong faith, but I had been sheltered from the harshness of the world. One day I caught a roommate of mine in college smoking pot. I knew he had a history with other drugs so I reminded him of how marijuana was a gateway to worse drugs. I was trying to show him compassion and help him with his addiction. He confronted me head-on in my ignorance. He said words that still ring in my head: “You of all people should have no right to judge me!” “…” “Cannabis is an herb from the dirt that bears seeds, according to your own faith and Bible, God made pot as good food.” “… But …” “Sam, you’re a Christian whose own scripture says God made pot as food to give thanks for. You’re also one of those crazy creationists who doesn’t even believe in the evolution theory. In fact, you’ve even challenged my thinking before because of your willingness to look at science more carefully than most creation preachers I’ve met. Prove to me that Cannabis is bad for me; I’ll stop using it. I respect your ability to get to the bottom of the marijuana argument. And if you prove it’s worse for me than alcohol or cigarettes, I’ll even stop smoking altogether.” I agreed, and I took the agreement seriously. He had challenged my morality, intelligence, faith and perspective on the world.

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I just didn’t fully know it yet. I researched it every free moment for nine months; I even had friends accuse me of being addicted to researching pot. All this time I had never tried Cannabis. I thought it would be an easy task to win this debate. Little did I know … To start out, I looked up the National Institute for Drug Abuse. I figured that should be a good place to start. Since I did my research in 2003, the tune has changed slightly in a lot of governing agencies. If you look now, they actually admit some therapeutic benefit of Cannabis and they even fund some research now, including an ongoing study on how the anti-psychotic effects of cannabidiol might lead to new treatments for schizophrenia. This realization that I’d been deceived all my life led me on a journey. I found out Cannabis was a better treatment for Alz-

heimer’s disease than many primary treatments. I learned it cured asthma in some people who smoked or vaporized it. I learned it had both neuro-protective and generative properties. I learned that for some, it made them hungry, for others it suppressed appetite. It helped some people lose weight, and boost their metabolism and immune system function. Little by little I was unraveling my entire view of marijuana. I learned it was relatively harmless, less addictive than coffee and actually beneficial in many cases. I was shattered in many ways. What about God? What about my Jesus, who died for my sins, and rose again to give me hope of a new life after this shadowland of life and death? I had read many books from different perspectives. Books like “More Than a Carpenter” by Lee Strobal, an investigative journalist. He had evaluated the story of Jesus in an effort to debunk it, but what he found were many mountains of what are considered

proofs of authenticity in his field. So many that he conwon’t they be encouraged to violate their conscience by eatverted to Christianity. I had also read about Josephus, ing food that has been offered to an idol? So because of who had given a secular but very accurate historical acyour superior knowledge, a weak believer for whom Christ count of Jesus. died will be destroyed. And when you sin against other All of my research after leaving home had until believers by encouraging them to do something they believe now kept pointing me back to my creator. I had only is wrong, you are sinning against Christ. 13 So if what I strengthened my faith in a loving creator who sent his eat causes another believer to sin, I will never eat meat spirit in the form of a man to die and rise from the again as long as I live — for I don’t want to cause another dead. It was a chance to repent and attain perfection. believer to stumble. And it was for everyone, not only the priest class or rulI had suddenly lost permission to judge Cannabis users. They had excluded the people from a way to reconers from my own Bible. I also discovered that Cannabis nect with God, and it had been happening for centuries is special type of plant called an entheogen, which are before he came. I was afraid that somehow by accepting plants that make you seek God. Cannabis as good, I would be turning my back on truth That news shocked me, but there was a final straw and love. That was a lie, but a very persuasive one. for me that made me try Cannabis. In the beginning, I This is where my references get biblical. I know mentioned what my roommate would do if I won. But I this makes some people uneasy. To those wary about a forgot to mention that I had promised to try Cannabis Bible thumping now, please know I’m a loving, shareif I lost. About nine months into my research, I found my-faith-willingly type, not a foaming, hateful, cramthis little nugget of knowledge. This is what to show it-down-your-throat type. I believe an any Christian giving you a hard time intelligent designer designed the world we for consuming Cannabis: Cannabis is live in. I also believe he created a plant that To those wary about mentioned by name five times in the heals our body and soul, and makes us seek Hebrew Old Testament. a Bible thumping, truth about life. My name is Samuel. When I found The first verse I found pertaining to please know I’m a out kaneh bosm (transliteration of HeCannabis is Genesis 1:29 (New Living loving, share-mybrew for Cannabis) was named in the Translation Bible). Bible, I searched Kaneh. I found out faith-willingly type, “Then God said, “Look! I have given you that Samuel, the person I was named every seed-bearing plant throughout the not a foaming, hateful, after in the Bible, had a father named earth and all the fruit trees for your food.” cram-it-down-yourElKaneh, or Lord of Kaneh. SamuTo be fair, my roommate who challenged throat type. el also grew up in the temple, doing me found that one. So I looked up the old temple tasks. In fact, it is almost sure Hebrew word for food and it was the same word transthat he helped in the making of the anointing oil that had lated as “meat” in verse 13 of 1 Corinthians 8 (NLT): 6.25 pounds of Cannabis (250 shekels of kaneh bosm). “Now regarding your question about food that has been Jesus Christ means Jesus, Anointed One. Christ, beoffered to idols. Yes, we know that “we all have knowling a title, means that Jesus (Yeshua is a more accurate edge” about this issue. But while knowledge makes us feel pronunciation) was anointed with a skin-permeable oil important, it is love that strengthens the church. Anyone that contained a high concentration of cannabinoids. who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know There is even a recipe with strict instructions not to very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom misuse the holy oil. The word “Christian” was once a deGod recognizes. So, what about eating meat that has been rogatory term, used by Romans, to describe the anointoffered to idols? Well, we all know that an idol is not reed followers of Jesus. Christian was the first negative ally a god and that there is only one God. There may be slang term for stoner! so-called gods both in heaven and on earth, and some peoWhat I now reference is a personal experience I had. I ple actually worship many gods and many lords. But for don’t share it often out of fear of what people will think, us, There is one God, the Father, by whom all things were but I use Cannabis and I pray to Jesus. That’s already created, and for whom we live. And there is one Lord, enough to make people think I’m crazy. Jesus Christ, through whom all things were created, and I was stoned. It was months after my first use of Canthrough whom we live. nabis. I was having second thoughts about everything However, not all believers know this. Some are accusand was scared — perhaps I had lost my salvation. I had tomed to thinking of idols as being real, so when they eat just seen a demon leave my room and I was trembling. food that has been offered to idols, they think of it as the I started trying to control my breath. I slowly relaxed, worship of real gods, and their weak consciences are vioand as I did, I went into a trance. lated. It’s true that we can’t win God’s approval by what At least that’s the best that I can describe. I already we eat. We don’t lose anything if we don’t eat it, and we knew Cannabis opens you to spiritual matters and I was don’t gain anything if we do. But you must be careful so aware that good and bad spirits existed. I had just tested that your freedom does not cause others with a weaker a dark one and watched it retreat in fear. It had scared conscience to stumble. For if others see you — with your me considerably as it left. “superior knowledge” — eating in the temple of an idol, I opened my eyes. I knew it was dark in my room, but

I saw a bright light — so bright I squinted. I looked down to try and adjust to the light and saw grass. So I began to walk. This wasn’t real, I knew that. But it felt real, it looked real, it even sounded real. I could detect sweet smells mingling in the air. Some I recognized, others I didn’t. I heard a deep voice say my name in a way that was soft but at the same time powerful: “Samuel.” Most people don’t call me that, but it was a voice that sounded like a roaring stream and trickling brook all at once. I looked in the direction of the voice and realized it was the source of the bright light. At this point we had a conversation, Creator God and I. I know because I asked specific questions to know for sure it wasn’t another dark spirit. The other one had looked bright at first before dissolving into a dark wind with a shriek. I tested it with something I knew from the Bible. It is supposed to help distinguish whether a spirit is from God or not (1 John 4). Somehow through the light I could feel a smile. And my questions were patiently affirmed. It’s hard to describe. I would ask a question in English, but then I would say the same thing again with images, emotions and consciousness. I would then forget what the question was, and then I would hear “yes” or “no.” Finally I would hear my own question repeated. I think that was because I had asked in prayer that I would know for sure, that what I was seeing and hearing was from outside of my own consciousness. I wanted authenticity, not blind faith. Our conversation went on for hours. The creator is made much more available to everyone than most realize. When I came out of my trance, I knew some things for sure. Not just based on research anymore, but from the voice of my shepherd. I knew that Cannabis could open you to spiritual activity, good and evil. I knew that Cannabis was created for purposes in health in the early church. I also knew that the modern church needs to be spiritually fed. There is a large body of stubborn believers holding to the teachings of Jesus but missing the power behind the anointing of his words. I knew I had to do something about it. Be thankful. 1 Peter 2:5 (NLT) “And you are living stones that God is building into his spiritual temple. What’s more, you are his holy priests. Through the mediation of Jesus Christ, you offer spiritual sacrifices that please God.” John 21:17 (NLT) A third time he asked him, “Simon son of John, do you love me?” Peter was hurt that Jesus asked the question a third time. He said, “Lord, you know everything. You know that I love you.” Jesus said, “Then feed my sheep.” All Bible verses are available at biblegateway.com NLT stands for New Living Translation.

SAMUEL BERESFORD is a Washington medical marijuana

patient treating his chronic and debilitating back pain under RCW 69.51a. Email >> Samwwjd@gmail.com

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receive a coupon for: purchase any edible get the second one free

(one per person)

free top shelf 1/8th when making a minimum purchase of $100.00

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OREGON LEAF

STRAIN OF THE MONTH By WES ABNEY | PHOTO by DANIEL BERMAN

The experience of opening a jar of this

Chem Bubba is like opening an old fashioned bottle of 7-Up, with a fizzy sweet smell of lemonlime tingling your lungs. The powerful blend of Chem Dog and Bubba Kush comes from the outdoor garden of Green Force Garden. The flower is a beauty in looks and smell. The sweet notes burst out of the flower, with a light kushy nutty note at finish that is more prevalent in the smoke than the aromatics. Each bud is hand trimmed and cured to perfection, with frosty trichomes shining out of the light green flower. The flower is soft like a pillow with just the right firmness in the middle, making it easy to roll up or to smoke from a traditional pipe or bong. The smoke from the flower is sweet and smooth, and tastes of delicious sweet resin that comes from the natural sun in outdoor production. The effects are strong, both cerebrally and for pain management. We found a euphoric creative energy that blended well with a strong body high and couchlock sensation. This strain works well for daytime use, or is great to enjoy a movie or other entertainment at the end of a long day.

Available From Rip City Remedies

3325 SE Division St. Portland, OR 97202 (503) 235-6000 www.ripcityremedies.org Test Results by 3b Analytical

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>>The flower is soft like a pillow with just the right firmness...

passes microbial test

23.58% THC //.06% CBD

CHEM BUBBA dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

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recipes

By LAURIE WOLF for OREGON LEAF | PHOTOS by BRUCE WOLF for OREGON LEAF

CHOCOLATE BARK WITH NUTS & SEEDS 1) In the top of a double boiler melt the chocolate along with the Canna-butter. Stir until it all melts. 2) Pour the chocolate onto parchment paper and spread with a rubber scraper until somewhat even. 3) Top the still wet chocolate with all of the remaining ingredients and allow to set in the fridge for at least 30 minutes. Break into pieces to eat or package.

INGREDIENTS

2 cups chopped bittersweet chocolate 1-2 tablespoons Canna-butter ¼ cup pepita seeds ¼ cup sliced almonds

Homemade treats can make for the best gifts. This year. I am giving all my card-carrying friends some medicated butter and oil for Christmas. That way people can make their own medicated magic. I made this butter with the powerful Chem Dog strain, a personal favorite. I have four pounds of Chem Dog butter that I am going to turn into hundreds of holiday cookies!

¼ cup chopped cashews Sprinkle with sea salt

TASTY TIP: There is no such thing as too much aged balsamic vinegar, or a year’s supply of Mama Lil’s Peppers. Gift certificates to havens like Olympic Provisions and Salum make great gifts.

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SCALLION, CILANTRO & LIME GARLIC BUTTER 1) In a medium bowl combine all the ingredients. Divide the butter between two 4-ounce sealable jars. Keep in the fridge. Makes 2-4 1-oounce jars

INGREDIENTS

7 ounces Canna-butter, softened 2 tablespoons finely chopped scallion 1 tablespoon finely chopped cilantro 1 clove garlic, minced Juice of ¼ lime Pinch sea salt

SPICY HOLIDAY NUTS 1) Heat oven to 250 F. When ready, place the nuts on a baking sheet (make sure it has sides) and bake for 30 minutes. 2) In a small saucepan heat the Canna-butter and Worcestershire on low. Add salt, garlic and onion powder and stir til’ ingredients are dissolved. 3) Remove the tray from the oven and pour the sauce over the nuts. Toss well and return to the oven for an additional 30 minutes. Allow to cool thoroughly before eating or packaging.

INGREDIENTS

1 cup peanuts 1 cup pecans 1 cup whole almonds 1 cup cashews 1 cup pepita seeds 4 tablespoons Canna-butter 3 tablespoons Worcestershire sauce 1 teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon garlic powder ½ teaspoon onion powder

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TASTY

Reviews

Oregon Blackberry Ice Cream by Drip Ice Cream

45mg THC/0% CBD

TESTED by cascadia labs

Drip’s medicated ice cream has four flavors to try: Oregon Blackberry, Cookies & Cream, Va lue: Salted Caramel and Honey Ta ste: Ginger Lime, but we tried and Effect: Packaging: liked the Oregon Blackberry. Ov er all: We enjoyed the ice cream thoroughly — it didn’t have a noticeable Cannabis taste but an hour after we ate the ice cream, the effects kicked in. We began feeling euphoric, energetic and motivated. This is an excellent medicine for daytime. It would be nice to see this tasty treat have a smaller serving size or more potency so patients wouldn’t need to eat all of it to obtain the medicine inside. THE SCORE

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By Will ferguson for oREGON lEAF Photos by Daniel Berman/oregon leaf

Ancient Panacea Tincture by Alchemy Project

1:1 THC TO CBD RATIO

3.5MG/DROP TESTED by Canna lab

This tincture is available only at Urban Farmacy in PortTHE SCORE land and features a great 1:1 Value : CBD to THC ratio. It is Tas t e : nade with Harlequin-TsunaE ffe c t: mi and Girl Scout Cookies Packaging: flower, this tincture blends Ove rall: essential oils of ginger and frankincense into a medicated tincture perfect for cold and flu season. This is one of the best-tasting tinctures we have tried. We put two droppers under our tongue. After about 45 minutes, we noticed the calming and pain-relieving affects of the CBD. The buzz continued for four hours, leaving us pain-free. The dosage is best for low tolerances or beginning edible use.

concentrates

By WILL FERGUSON for OREGON LEAF | PHOTO by DANIEL BERMAN/OREGON LEAF

TEST RESULTS

77.79% THC

THE SCORE

Va l ue : Ta ste: Effec t: Packaging: Ove ra l l :

Strong grapefruit, citrus flavor that is best dabbed at lower temperatures Processed by Exact Extracts for Dab Society Extracts

Blue City Diesel Shatter t

his classic strain can usually be found in several access points around Portland. The extract was packaged in raw parchment paper inside of a childproof plastic envelope displaying test results and the name of the lab. This shatter has a pull and snap consistency and is best stored in a cool environment. When snapping off a few dabs, we noticed a real blueberry citrus

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aroma reflective of the quality starting material, and strict processing standards. The extract has incredible terpene preservation and a strong grapefruit, citrus flavor that is best dabbed at lower temperatures to maximize taste. The effects arrive instantly, providing a warm, cerebral head high that had us motivated and energized, perfect for patients suffering from

depression, fatigue and nausea. The use of research-grade N-butane, a custom-built closed-loop system and proper purge cycles make this extract the new standard to beat.

AVAILABLE AT: Divine Kind

1133 SE 82nd Ave. Portland 8601 SW Terwilliger Blvd. Portland

TESTED by Cascadia labs

Alberta

Green House + albertagreenhouse.com

Come by and experience a higher quality of medicine

first time patients receive 20% off!

1313 NE Alberta Portland, OR 97211 (503) 954-3900 albertagreenhouse.com Monday - Saturday 11am - 7pm Open 7 Sunday days a 12pm - 6pm week!

access

Nice plants

the agrestic Strains 4/5 THE AGRESTIC has a fine selection of high-quality flowers.

Strains such as Cinex, Lemon Skunk, Purple Kush, Cherry Pie and high CBD ACDC were available ranging in price from $6.50 to $10.50 per gram. Nugrun Enterprises, Higher Minds Horticulture and Soul Gardens are just a few of the farmers providingThe Agrestic with quality flowers. Daily specials on flowers are tailored to the budgets of all patients. The strains are displayed nicely in glass jars in an elegant display case.

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Reviewed

By WILL FERGUSON for OREGON LEAF | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN

Edibles 5/5 A VARIETY of high-quality medibles were

available. Med with Love, Jolly Green Troches, Doc Aultâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and Humdinger Sweets were a few of the medible vendors. Only vegan medibles are available, but Owner Kayla Dunham has teamed up with Humdinger Sweets to provide patients a tasty and professionally decorated mix of medicated artisan chocolates and truffles.

Concentrates 4/5 THE CONCENTRATEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S SHELF was nicely

stocked with a variety of PHO, BHO, CO2 and kief options for patients. Vendors included Mad Farma, Pop Naturals, Open Vape and Headline Alternatives. Reimbursement rates for concentrates run from $20 to $35 per gram. It would be nice to see a wider selection of BHO shatter and crumble.

LEMON SKUNK

HYBRID

THE SCORE

TEST results by 3b analytical

a r om a : d e nsi ty: c u re : appearance: flavor: e ffe c t: tota l: 23/30

25.16mg THC $3 THE SCORE

22.8% THC // 0.04% CBD THIS HYBRID grown by Nugrun Enterprises packs a strong lemon scent fueled by

trichome-covered calyxes. Lemon Skunk is a citrus-smelling pheno of Skunk #1 that’s most effective for patients suffering from fatigue, nausea and stress. When smoked in a bong, we saw trace amounts of residual nutrient salts, indicated by the blackish color of the ash, making this slightly harsh.

TOASTED COCONUT ALMOND TRUFFLE

va lu e: ta st e: ef f ec t: packaging: ov er a l: t o ta l: 22/25

THIS MEDIBLE by Humdinger Sweets is one of the

best-tasting medibles we’ve experienced. When ingested, we noticed no canna taste — a rarity for medibles these days. The effects started to kick in about an hour after we consumed the truffle, leveling out to a euphoric, pain-alleviating buzz. It has a perfect dose of 25mg of THC for those with lower tolerances or who are getting used to using medibles in treating their particular conditions.

Light fills the medicine room.

Environment 5/5 I WOULD DESCRIBE The Agrestic as warm and

welcoming — patients are served with care quickly and effectively. The waiting room has a variety of free publications, complimentary tea and water, and a TV, ensuring patient comfort while waiting for the medicine room to free up. This is a one-person-at-a-time dispensary which helps respect everyone’s privacy.

Overall 18/20 THE AGRESTIC is a patient access center

with affordable, high-quality meds and concentrates and edibles to suit all needs. The location off of State Route 34 allows for easy transit from neighboring towns and counties. Unparalleled cleanliness and organization make this access point stand out among many other Oregon dispensaries that have not paid similar attention to detail.

THE AGRESTIC LLC

1665 SE 3rd St. Corvallis, OR 97333 541-753-4182 TheAgrestic.com

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access

exodus wellness center

Reviewed

By WILL FERGUSON for OREGON LEAF | PHOTOS by DANIEL BERMAN

Owner and budtender

Strains 4/5 THE DISPENSARY OFFERS a nice selection

of indica, sativa and hybrid strains for patients. Obama Kush, Cherry Pie and Lemon Diesel are a few patient favorites. Flower donations run from $5 to $10 per gram. Flower vendors at this spot include Parker Farms, Klean Karma Farms and Digging Dirt Farms.

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Edibles 3/5 AMONG THE PRODUCTS we noticed were Lunchbox

Alchemy rations, Coma Treats, Cheeba Chews, Vitonic and Jolly Green Troches. A variety of chocolates, ice cream, cookies, pretzels and candies were stocked. The diffferent medibles were neatly displayed in a glass case and separated by brand.Various dosages and medicated treats were available to suit patient preference.

Concentrates 4/5 A WIDE SELECTION of concentrates was on the

shelves at Exodus Wellness Center. Varieties of propane hash oil, butane hash oil and C02 extracts were available. Reimbursements range from $20 to $35 per gram for products from Sirius Extracts, Mad Farma and Golden Xtrx â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a few of the extraction companies that occupy the concentrate shelf.

MRS. P

TEST results by Green leaf lab

CHERRY PIE

HYBRID

THE SCORE

HYBRID

a r o ma : den si t y: c u r e: appearance: f lavo r : ef f ec t: t o ta l: 21/30

THE SCORE

a rom a : d e nsi ty: c u re : appearance: flavor: e ffe c t: tota l: 25/30

21.14% THC // 0.44% CBD // 0.1% CBN

21.4% THC // 0.07% CBD

THIS GDP AND DURBAN POISON CROSS boasts dark purple hues contrasted by

THIS STRAIN has unknown genetics and is available only at Exodus Wellness.

The flowers are a bright green with neon orange hairs popping out from every crevice. When rolled up with organic raw papers, we noticed a sweet, citrus flavor that made for a tasty joint. Mrs. P is especially effective for patients suffering depression, anxiety and stress. The smoke is primarily euphoric.

bright orange hairs. Cherry Pie was recommended to us by the budtenders at Exodus Wellness and it did not disappoint. When smoked in an organic hemp rolling paper, we tasted hints of cherries complemented by a chocolate undertone. The flowers could have been flushed better â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the exhale was slightly harsh. Overall, this Cherry Pie is a perfect 50/50 hybrid for patients suffering from a variety of debilitating conditions.

The repurposed house maintains a warm and inviting atmosphere.

A patient checks in and another hangs out.

Environment 3/5 YOU CANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;T MISS the large waiting room with

a sea of picnic tables, complimentary tea, coffee, magazines and an ATM for patients wishing to donate with cash. Part of the medicine room was also a kitchen where food and drinks were made. That was an inefficient use of space, and one we had never encountered. Perhaps this could be blocked off with a room divider of sorts?

Overall 14/20 EXODUS WELLNESS CENTER is an access point

filled with friendly faces and kind hearts. The location on Southeast Powell Boulevard makes for easy access from the eastside.The repurposed house maintains a warm and inviting atmosphere in which patients are put first. That said, greater attention to professionalism is needed. For instance: no shouting across the store.

EXODUS WELLNESS CENTER AND SOCIAL CLUB

16211 SE Powell Blvd. Portland, OR 97236 971-242-8079 ExodusWellnessCenter.com

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Wide selection of nutrients and soil Friendly, knowledgeable, experienced staff 100% locally owned

6850 N. Interstate Ave Portland, OR 97217 || 503-285-4768

health & science

Do you think THAT YOU’RE a victim of your heredity? Does cancer, heart disease, mental illness or some man DNA contains about 3 billion of those molother malady run in your family? Do you think ecules. The order, or sequence of those four moldeveloping those diseases is inevitable because ecules determines the information for building their programming is within you? A tenet of conand maintaining an organism. The specific order ventional biology is that the trait and character of of these molecules is responsible for the genetic organisms are determined by genes. The concept code. Most of the DNA is found within the nuof genes controlling life is in all biology texts and cleus of every cell in the body. In fact, it is packed course work. along with protein into structures called chromoHow much influence and control might peosomes so tightly that each cell contains almost 6 ple have over their genes? Can a particular disease linear feet of DNA. process be affected in a positive way by influencing Humans have 46 chromosomes – 23 pairs, one the genes? The emerging science of epigenetics is pair from each parent. The major protein type that offering answers that put the control of our genes is packed into the chromosome with DNA are within reach. histones. Histones are proteins that act as a spool DNA is the hereditary material found in huon which DNA can wind. Those proteins play a mans and most other organisms. DNA was first major role in gene regulation. When DNA was identified by Swiss chemist Friedrich discovered, these proteins were largeMiescher in the late 1860s, but it was ly disregarded and the focus has been not until the early 1950s that U.S. solely on the genetic material. BY OREGON LEAF biologist James Watson and English The Human Genome Project was SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR physicist Francis Crick discovered the conceptualized during the 1980s to DR. SCOTT D. ROSE double-helix structure of DNA. map the human genome. It was unAmong the developments that didertaken during the 1990s, rectly followed from its discovery and results were reported were prenatal screening for disease in 2000. One premgenes, genetically engineered foods, the ability to ise of the research was that identify human remains, the design of treatments one gene should exist for evfor diseases and the testing of physical evidence in ery protein in the body. order to convict or exonerate criminals. The findings were that DNA consists of four basic molecules, but hu30,000 genes and almost

EPIGENETICS! WHY WHAT YOU EAT CAN MAKE OR BREAK GENETIC HEALTH. 44/dec. 2014 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

250,000 to 1 million proteins exist. That was not the only surprise. It was initially thought that the complexity of an organism would require a higher number of genes. That proved false because a microscopic roundworm has 18,000 genes. That means humans only have 12,000 more genes than that of a microscopic creature – not the estimated 100,000 as once thought. It then became evident that there was more to the expression of genes than just the genetic material itself. The field of epigenetics (epi- means above or around) is the study of the factors that influence the orchestration of the chemical reactions that activate and deactivate the genome in specific locations and at specific times. Epigenetics can be used to describe anything other than the DNA sequence itself that influences the development of an organism. Scientists began reporting in the early 2000s that environmental influences from neglectful parenting to air pollution can affect chemical tags that turn genes on or off. For instance, one study of Swedish historical records showed that men who had experienced famine before puberty were less likely to have grandsons with heart disease or diabetes than men who had plenty to eat. Perhaps our well-fed population is not offering the same protection against these diseases to future generations – heart disease and diabetes have been on the rise. This idea of an environmentally responsive genome stirs debate, but

the notion that epigenetic marks are transmitted across generations is even more provocative. A gene, when “turned on,” is expressed, and when “turned off,” is inhibited. In the case of genes that cause disease, such as oncogenes that cause cancer, we wish for these genes to be inhibited. Epigenetic silencing is one way to turn genes off. Within the cell, three mechanisms have been found thus far – methylation, histone modification and RNA-associated silencing. Methylation requires a biochemical unit consisting of one carbon and three hydrogen atoms used as a tag on genes to turn on and off. RNA-associated silencing occurs when a gene can be down-regulated or silenced by small bits of RNA. Histone modification affects how the DNA is stored. The DNA and histone complex is referred to as chromatin. When the chromatin is loose, it is active and the gene might be expressed. If it is condensed, then it is inactive and the gene cannot be expressed. The delicate balance of gene control is evidenced in the findings of a study conducted by the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State that demonstrated how histone modifications can affect the expression of many degenerative diseases, ranging from cancer and heart disease to bipolar disorder and even aging itself. Now, if a tumor suppressor gene (anticancer gene) is hidden in dense chromatin, it cannot be used, and in this way too much histone will “turn off ”those cancer suppressors and allow cancer cells to proliferate. Here’s where epigenetics comes in. Certain green leafy foods, including broccoli, brussel sprouts, bok choy, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables, plus garlic and onions, contain substances that act as histone inhibitors, which essentially block the histone, allowing the tumor suppressor genes to be expressed and fight cancer. By regularly consuming these foods, one will naturally support the body’s ability to resist cancer formation and will likely do so for future generations. This is an example of food as an environmental influence. Bruce Lipton is a U.S. developmental biologist and author of “The Biology of Belief.” He states, “Here is my definition of the environment: it is everything from the core of your being to the edge of the universe.” Lipton contends this environmental influence would include everything from your thoughts and belief systems, to toxic exposures and exposure to sunlight, exercise, and, of course, everything you choose to put onto and into your body. According to Lipton, the secret of life does not lie within the DNA, but rather within the mech-

CERTAIN GREEN LEAFY FOODS,

including broccoli, brussel sprouts, bok choy, cabbage and

other cruciferous vegetables, plus garlic and onions, contain substances that allow the tumor suppressor genes to be expressed and fight cancer. By regularly consuming these foods, one will naturally support the body’s ability to resist cancer formation and will likely do so for future generations. This is food acting as an environmental influence. anisms of each cell membrane of the 50 trillion cells that make up the body. Each cell membrane has receptors that pick up various environmental signals, and this mechanism controls the “reading” of the genes inside the cells. There is a choice to read or not read the genetic blueprint, depending on the signals being received from the environment. Just because the genetic programming of cancer or heart disease is in the DNA does not mean that it is certain to arise. Far from it. According to Lipton, “This new biology takes us from the belief that we are victims of our genes, that we are biochemical machines, that life is out of our control, into another reality, a reality where our thoughts, beliefs and mind control our genes, our behavior and the life we experience.” What this all means is you are not controlled by your genetic makeup. Instead, your genetic readout – which genes are turned on and which are turned off – is primarily determined by the healthiness of your environment. One of the most important and core beliefs in conventional biology has been that the traits and character of organisms are controlled by their

genes. What seems to control the genes is the epigenome. The concept of self-emerging genes, turning themselves on and off, now seems antiquated. Just as quantum mechanics caused a major shift in the understanding of physics, epigenetics is causing a profound shift in biological belief. So you are in control of your genes. It is your environment and lifestyle that determine the tendency to express disease. Prevention is key, but if disease has already formed, perhaps the right epigenetic information would reset the cells on a path to health. The body is wired to heal itself if given the opportunity, perhaps part of the opportunity is the correct information. This is where conventional, alternative, spiritual and energy ideas find commonality. Leading a healthful lifestyle, which includes exercising regularly, getting high-quality nutrition, limiting exposures to toxins and keeping a positive mental outlook all contribute to the expression of genes with beneficial, disease-fighting behaviors. In the words of Lipton, “ Become a master of your life, rather than a victim of your heredity.”

Dr. Scott D. Rose has written about Cannabis and health for years in the Northwest Leaf. He is an acupuncturist with a pain resolution practice in the Crown Hill neighborhood of Seattle.

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health & science A BOTANICAL MONOGRAPH

THE SECRET POWER of cinnamon

BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCOTT D. ROSE

BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR SCOTT D. ROSE

Commonly known as Cinnamon, Ceylon cinnamon, true cinnamon (C. verum).

Parts used:

Bark of young branches and shoots. The bark contains volatile oils.

Active constituents:

Pharmacopeial-grade cinnamon bark must contain not less than 1.2 percent volatile oil. Cinnamon contains volatile oils (1 percent to 4 percent) of cinnamaldehyde (60 percent to 80 percent); eugenol (up to 10 percent); and trans-cinnamic acid (5 percent to 10 percent).

Historical uses:

Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to dispel cold, relieve pain, and open channels and collaterals. To encourage production of qi and blood; To tonify kidney yang, augment ming men (life gate) fire; Also used as a styptic (stops bleeding); works well for shaving.

Contraindications:

Not to exceed 0.99 grams per day, bark powder. For use beyond six weeks, consult a health care practitioner. If breastfeeding, consult a health care practitioner prior to use for doses of 1 or more grams per day.

Side effects & toxicity:

Generally safe. Hypersensitivity/allergy of skin and mucosa may occur. Discontinue if that occurs.

Medicinal uses:

Cinnamomum verum is native to India and Sri Lanka while C. aromaticum is native to China. PHOTO BY CREATIVE COMMONS

Drug interactions: None known.

Dosage:

For blood glucose effect: 3 to 6 grams per day bark powder, not to exceed 4 grams per single dose. Unless otherwise prescribed: 2 to 4 grams per day of cut or ground bark. Infusion or decoction: 0.7 to 1.3 grams in 150 milliliters of water, three times daily. Fluid extract 1:1 (grams/milliliter): 0.7 to 1.3 milliliters, three times daily. Tincture 1:5 (grams/milliliter): 3.3 to 6.7 milliliters, three times daily. Essential oil: 0.05 to 0.2 milliliters.

Essential oil has antibacterial and fungistatic properties.; Helps to support/maintain healthy blood glucose levels.; Provides antioxidants; Increases appetites; Used in herbal medicine for digestive disturbances/dyspeptic complaints/indigestion, such as mild spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, bloating and flatulence.

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20 unexpected uses for cinnamon: www.tinyurl.com/cinnamonleaf

feature

By OREGON LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCANDERSON

Dirt Devil Extreme Power wet/dry hand-vac $59.99

THE DYSON IS PRET T Y MUCH THE APPLE IPHONE 12 OF HANDHELD VACUUMS...”

Dys o H a n dn D C 5 8 C o $249 h e l d Va c u r d l e s s .99 um

WHETHER IT WAS FROM

spilled medium, dead plant matter or the general dust and dirt that accumulate through venting/entry exit, grow rooms get dirty and quickly. Often times, getting to the cracks and spaces where dirt accumulates isn’t easily accomplished without risking damage to the plants. Handheld vacuums are ideal for cleaning up after yourself every time you enter and exit the garden. I don’t care what method you grow in — how big your space is, or what your current practices are — one can always get the garden cleaner and nothing makes this task easier than a trusty handheld vacuum on your side. The Dyson is pretty much the Apple iPhone 12 of handheld vacuums and this thing is like holding a race car in your hand. Everything and anything in its path is demolished with a push of the trigger, which helps preserve its average 20-minute, rechargeable runtime. Turn it to boost mode and you only have about five to six minutes of total use, but it’s like dropping the nitrous boosters in on your vacuum. Be certain your cat isn’t anywhere in sight! A little bit further down the price range exists much less powerful handhelds that are still quite effective and provide much of the same benefit. The recommended Dirt Devil is a wet/dry handheld which has the added benefit of being manufactured to tolerate wet and moist material. I wouldn’t recommend draining your reservoirs with it like a shop vac but usually we growers are sucking up lots of moist material, spills and damp matter. Add in a handheld vacuum to carry around like a sidearm on your utility belt next to your new precision shears and complete the arsenal of luxury garden devices.

THE GROWER’S GIFT GUIDE One of the most used and abused pieces of equipment in indoor gardens is a pair of shears. They come in all shapes and sizes, but I’ve found those designed by hydroponic nutrient and other companies, that seem to market themselves to Cannabis growers, to be the very worst of the bunch. You really do get what you pay for! Having a high-quality, reliable, durable pair of garden shears, that stay sharp and operating smoothly for extended periods of time, is akin to Popeye having his spinach. Ask any seasoned gardener how long those same low-cost shears stay sharp, move smoothly without jamming or have their mechanisms break apart rendering them all but useless without repair. It’s exactly this scenario that makes a high-quality pair of shears like the two I recommend such an excellent gift for growers. But very few people want to dive deep into their pockets to support the costs of gardening and purchase shears costing five-times more than what they’ve been accustomed to for years. Yet like appreciators of fine cars, exotic functional glass and the like, there is a market for luxury, even in the garden. Switch their daily driver garden scissors onto a high quality pair of precision shears, and don’t be surprised if you find a tool belt filled with handmade Japanese squeezable cutlery slowly being acquired at upwards of $100 a pair...

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Maybe you’re a gardener Burgon and Ball Pruning Shears $49.99

Hasami Shears $39.99

and want to celebrate another year with the plant by rewarding yourself with a new piece of gear or a gadget. Maybe you’re very close to, live with, date or otherwise want to celebrate a grower in your life and just don’t know what that newest hotness is. Each year, a barrage of products are introduced to the market and I am blessed with the responsibility of sorting through them and reviewing a few of my favorites. In this guide, I’ve picked products in a variety of price ranges that most growers would agree are pretty darn cool items.

THE SUNGLASSES LET GROWERS OBSERVE THE RICH GREEN AND ORANGE COLORS OF CANNABIS RIPENING IN NATURALLOOKING LIGHT.”

Trim Bins $69.99

This product keep what can be a somewhat messy process well-contained and, yes, even tidy. You can set it on a table or in your lap and off you go! Ask anyone who is accustomed to spending 10 hours or more hand-trimming frosty nugs and they’ll mention how the body slowly petrifies into what can only be described as a T-Rex trying its best to trim up a kola. Trim Bins are durable and well-thought out, with cutout spaces for your arms to sit in that act as a nice guide and armrest to keep a relaxed posture during extended trimming sessions. Very few growers like to trim, but the Trim Bin improves efficiency by cleverly collecting all the kief that falls from the buds as they are being trimmed, then sifts it through a micron screen leaving the user with a nice, white/blond kief after each session.

Method Seven Operator HPS plus+ sunglasses $79.00

MANY CANNABIS FARMERS bloom their

plants under High Pressure Sodium lamps that cast a bright orange red spectrum of light. This color is good for the plants but makes it difficult for we humans to see precisely what’s going on with the plants. Much of the finer subtleties the plant may display through color changes are all but invisible under HPS lamps. This holds true for almost all the different specialty lamps used for cultivating Cannabis and Method Seven has a solution for HPS lamps, Metal Halide or LED lights. By tinting the sunglass lenses to compensate for the missing colors we are accustomed to seeing under a fuller spectrum (like outside), growers can observe the rich green and orange colors of Cannabis ripening in natural looking light. It makes it incredibly easier to notice early changes in leaf, petiole, stem or pistil color (early indicators of problems or imbalances the plants may be experiencing). You can more easily learn what stage of life the plant is at! Method Seven also has designed filters for use on your camera lenses, so we can now share what we are seeing with patients, our Youtube viewers and Instagram followers alike.

Blue Lab p H probe $90

Oakton Ecotestr p H 2 $70 No grower should be without this tool at their disposal. For some gardens it’s one of the most essential in the arsenal. In any event you can almost never go wrong getting your Cannabis growing enthusiast a high quality pH probe. Even if they already have a meter that they use regularly, this equipment can naturally lose calibration and eventually fail over time. But there’s really never an ideal time to lose your pH readings, so having an extra probe on hand is always a great idea. Additionally have a couple different probes allows one to check the accuracy and consistency of the calibration and readings being taken.

THEY CAN ALWAYS USE MORE... Great gifts that are super easy to find, cost little, and yet have a tremendous impact on the day-to-day workflow.

Sticky Bye-Bye $11.99-$17.99

GREEN SCRUB PADS

TIRED OF COMING TO BED with stinky hands that

adhere to everything they come in contact with? Sticky Bye Bye! If you’re concerned about being in public after trimming and having that penetrating scent of freshly trimmed blooms pouring off your hands, Sticky Bye Bye. Looking for an all natural way to completely remove grease, resin and other grime associated with being a farmer? Guess!? You shake it up, scoop a little into your hands and scrub them with it before regular washing with soap and water. It feels very similar to wet sand in the container and smells like a nice orange oil scent or like Sour Tangie blooms. While I found it awkward and a bit weird at first to pre-wash with this oily concoction, my hands emerged soft, clean and not sticky with one use. And they smelled great!

POWDERFREE NITRILE GLOVES

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feature

STORY & PHOTOS by BOB MONTOYA for OREGON LEAF

OREGROW

reetings from northern oregon.

I came across a gem of a farm called Gonzo Farms while looking for a new strain not yet flowered. I have always reported on a Micro Strain when it was already established. This month I have been tracking what will be called OPD, or Oregon Purple Danish.

The father of OPD is Schnozberry, by Alphakronic

Genes. The female Schnoz is a go-to for mitigating the uncomfortable side effects of chemotherapy. It is known for easing nausea and anxiety, helping rest and soothing anxiety commonly experienced when a person’s health is at its worst. Schnozberry is an indica-heavy hybrid (90 percent indica, 10 percent sativa) that shows its heritage in many shades of its father, Purple Urkel, and mother, Snowdog’s heavy trichome density.

The mother of OPD is Cheese Quake by TGA

Seeds. In a cross of Urkle and Cheese Quake, the latter strain gives the cheesy smell that will most likely show up in the cross-breed. Known for its intense high the 60 percent indica, 40 percent sativa, the strain is nearly 20 to one THC to CBD ratio. It’s a great daytime medicine that may curb your appetite and keep your toes tapping. On the farm, down in a little clearing at the bottom of a hill, there was a circle of Cheese Quake females arranged in a ring around a very tall, very potent male Schnozberry plant. The girls were covered in his pollen,there were already some seeds. Mike plucked a bud and squeezed a seed out for inspection. It was a beautiful little bean with fine stripes. And the surface of the freshly gathered seed had little hairs on it, like the silk within the husk of an ear of corn. There is something to be said for fresh observations. It was something I had never seen before. The Oregon Purple Danish is on its way to flower — we’ll know more in 8-10 weeks. Thanks to Mike and Naomi for their generosity and sharing insight into where our medicine comes from and how it is developed.

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Schnozberry 90-percent indica strain

It was something I had never seen before.

Schnozberry Pollen Sacs

Cheese Quake females & Schnozberry males

Cheese Quake

Bob Montoya is a Cannabis photographer, veteran & well-seasoned grower hailing from Olympia, WA.

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GROWTECH

Foliar Feeding Frenzy Tailoring plant growth with a supplemental feeding program

harnessing the power of organics without erhaps you’ve achieved a degree of the challenges they can create in conconsistency in your garden. You tainerless mediums. Assuming you have a few rounds under your BY OREGON LEAF have a reasonable grasp of the basics, belt, you have the climate diadding in a foliar program might be aled in, you know what and SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR the boost your garden needs. when to feed them, you know how to DR. SCANDERSON Foliar feeding refers to applying work with your plants through their nutrients, microbes, botanicals and other stretch, and how and when to help beneficial compounds by spraying leaves them through ripening and harvest. and stems. You’re probably familiar with the Now, you might want to improve your process of plants drawing up nutrients and water plants’ health without changing what’s already through their roots. The plant also has a capacity working. If you’re running a water culture or minto take in water and nutrients through the aboveeral-based feeding program, you might consider

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ground surface tissue, especially the leaves and stems. The plant’s leaf surface is covered with tiny holes known as stomata, which help the plant carry out several essential processes. A plant can regulate the size of the stomata to either increase or decrease the exchange of gas and liquid through those tiny holes. This allows the plant to regulate temperature and moisture and receive and exchange key elements such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. The plant’s stomata, and the first layer of cells that cover the plant, also allow the plant to take in liquid nutrients. In this month’s Grow Tech, we will explore general foliar feeding methods and tips for applying a foliar feeding program. I do not advocate using foliar feeding if you are not acutely aware of the mean climate throughout various times of the dark period for your garden. I have found it’s imperative that you have the proper equipment to compensate for the shifts in climate that will invariable occur upon introducing nighttime spraying. Using foliar feeding as a complement to an established feeding regimen allows you to maximize the available mechanisms the plant has for invigorating health — it mimics the general conditions a plant thrives in under nature. Furthermore, foliar style does not “compete” with other compounds in the rhizosphere or create imbalance. For instance, if you notice a plant is beginning to show a deficiency of some kind, you can freely administer through foliar without introducing a new element to an already balanced soil or nutrient reservoir. Foliar allows mineral-based feeding programs to be complemented by organic amendments without any of the associated risks of feeding organic nutrients in certain hydroponic environments. When properly administered, your plants will love it! Because foliar is most effectively used to complement an established feeding program, supplementing with foliar products that are tailored to the stage of growth the plant is in has the most favorable results. You might be trying to improve root growth and branching, shoot, stem and foliage gains, transition, flower opening, bulking, ripening and so on. Most of the products you are accustomed to using will include instructions for foliar administration. This allows the gardener the flexibility to provide the plant with parts of the feeding program through various mechanisms.

TIPS FOR FANTASTIC FOLIAR FEEDING GET A QUALITY SPRAYER Foliar feeding relies on a plant’s ability to absorb liquids through stomata and epidermis. The smaller and wetter the application, the better the

rate of absorption. The range of applicators range dramatically in technology and cost, but I highly recommend the best sprayer your budget can tolerate. For around $30, you can get a high-quality pump sprayer that will maintain a mist as long as the container remains pressurized. Compared to the $3 hand-pump sprayer common for most household cleaners, it might seem expensive but the cheaper spray bottles are not designed to be sprayed continuously for minutes, which is what’s necessary for proper foliar applications. They will begin to clog and break after a short time, and they do not create a consistently reliable mist. If you have a larger garden or want the highest-end product, get an atomizer. This electrically powered device turns the solution into a fog that is blown out a hose over the plant. The small micron size that the atomizer delivers the foliar feed through is extremely easy for the plants to absorb. Also, because it uses a blower, you get complete and total coverage with minimal time.

USE AN EMULSIFIER

The second tip also concerns improving the effiFoliar feeding will ensure the plant receives proper nutrients. ciency of the delivery of nutrients to the plants in a foliar program. Because the nutrients used to apply to the plants in a foliar feeding are in solution, the do not burn under the sun, until you have the sun supplements through foliar, and not the primasolvent needs to be readily absorbed by the plants. In working for you in your indoor garden you haven’t ry elements the plant needs, your plants wouldn’t this case, water is being used. By mixing a wetting got a reasonable comparison and your plants are benefit from more frequent applications. agent with the water before adding your foliar numore likely to suffer if you apply foliar feeds with GO EASY trient, you make it easier for your plants to absorb. the lights on. Furthermore, turn all fans that shake Start as light as possible. Try, for instance, How can you make water wetter? The “wetness” of the leaves off before applying your foliar spray. 50 percent of the manufacturer’s recommended water concerns the amount of cohesion attributed Depending on your garden, you might have an dose. Don’t over do or you might find yourself to the solvent. Water has a high amount of coheexhaust and intake or air conditioner that supports walking into your garden as excited as a kid on sion, causing significant surface climate control. Leave that on Christmukkkah ready to unwrap your new “sutension. Water molecules are to maintain ideal conditions. percharged” garden present only to find your strongly attracted to each anHowever, turn off all wall and Get in Touch leaves hooked into an eagle claw with frayed edgother and form a loose cohesive floor fans that you use to push thegreengardengroup@gmail.com es fried to the tips. air around the room. bond to resist the pull of gravity. Like my Instagram Gradually increase dosage, say 15 percent at a Spray your plants as close When you spray a solution time, keeping in mind the stage of development to the lights turning off as you onto your plants that has not Follow @DrScanderson_gT your plants are in. By gradually and slowly incan — give them the maxibeen treated with an emulsifycreasing the dose, it becomes easier to recognize mum amount of time for the ing or wetting agent, you likely the sweet spot where the plants noticeably refoliar to be absorbed. The least will find large beads of solution spond favorably to the application. I recommend amount of darkness time I recommend allowing for on your plants. Solution is transported over the stopping once you’ve found this spot for each safe foliar application is three hours. If you don’t plant’s tissue so the more surface area of the plant stage. Trying to find the threshold can stress the have three hours or more before your lights turn on, you can get in contact with the foliar solution the plant out. More is not better. you’re better off skipping that application. The best more efficient the delivery of that solution. By Although maintaining an ideal climate and results seem to come by giving the plants six hours adding something like a drop or two of common basic understanding of the plants’ feeding proor more after application. household dishwashing soap you interrupt that gram is a prerequisite for initiating a foliar prostrong bond held between water molecules and WAIT gram, it’s certainly something that can add a susmake the water less cohesive, thus wetter. Spraying tained level of health and vigor to your plants. The results of applying foliar can provide an solution that has a wetting agent in it doesn’t create If you have specific questions on foliar feeding overnight visual improvement, which is ... awebeads, it just soaks the plant surface fully and evenly, or application methods, contact me at thegreensome. Don’t get carried away, though. Giving the which is what you want. gardengroup@gmail.com,follow me on instaplants two to three days between applications lets DO IT WITH THE LIGHTS OUT gram at drscanderson_gT, look for my product the nutrients fully absorb. Some products are dereview of foliar products in next month’s issue signed only for weekly application. Furthermore, Apply foliar only during the dark period. and as always, Happy Gardening! because I recommend applying additives and While it’s true that plants that have been rained on

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EPOXY OG

BAG APPEAL & SMOKE REPORT Bulbous, soft, spear-looking blooms remind me of a SD

dominant Sour Kush. The smell is definitely Double Barrel OG dominant and loud. The DBOG brings kushy notes of earthy pine complete with a gassy sulfur finish. Breaking off a piece from a glistening nugget, it takes the room hostage ripe with kush and overpowering gas and diesel smells. While the smell provides a nice balance of the heritage, once you smoke this medicine you know what the mama adds. Straight dark chocolate gassy gas of Gorilla Glue, amplified only slightly by the accent of kush notes. Those notes are not found in the mom, which expresses more of a piney path of flavors.

HOW IT GROWS In choosing a male I was looking for the “dracarys” pheno, which

Even an experienced patient will surely feel the strong creeper effects. LINEAGE

GENETICS:

BY OREGON LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCANDERSON

This project marks my first attempt at offering anything to the breeding process outside of feedback as a tester. Having worked with Double Barrel OG Kush from Dank House Seeds for many years, it was my great privilege to crack one last round of seeds and select a male for a breeding project planned by Red Eyed Genetics. Red took the male and pollinated several of his elite female stock including the epic Gorilla Glue No. 4, an amazing line of head-numbingly strong medicine. (DOUBLE BARREL OG KUSH

[WHITE FIRE X RASCAL’S]) X (GORILLA GLUE NO. 4)

BREEDER: RED EYE GENETICS FLOWER TIME: 60-65 DAYS

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after many packs, became easy for me to spot. I like this pheno because it, first and foremost, created the highest quality yields of straight gassy, pine sol kush that reliably tested over 20 percent in combined THC. I also felt this would make an excellent breeding male because of its unusually strong structure, tamed-down stretch and better-than-average yield for any OG. By combining the stability in growth with the outlandishly chaotic, stretchy and floppy Gorilla Glue No. 4, the epoxy OG offers strong, stable branching that responds well to topping. Epoxy OG is no light feeder — this plant has vigor from the Glue and DBOG combination that will make it take-off fast and furiously. Not afraid to charge into flower and, like many of the high-resin content strains, it starts taking P and K early in flower. The plant has only a medium stretch, perhaps doubling in flower. And while the growth pattern will result in a yield commensurate with the experience the gardener has with pruning and site selection, it finishes strong and heavy for an OG in fewer than 70 days and under most conditions.

EFFECTS testing in reliably at over 22 percent combined THC

means this is a potential day-ender. Albeit at lower dosages the user is generally invigorated by the eye-opening, sativalike effects of the Gorilla Glue. The flavors are so enticing that higher dosages almost seem necessary. It’s at these higher levels where even the most experienced patients will surely feel the strong creeper effect that is a balance of indica and sativa. It likely draws on some of the recessive traits of the parental lineage in this area.

This is an excellent plant for gardeners of all skill levels. A newer gardener will enjoy the benefit of

adding the flavors and smells of Gorilla Glue to their garden without the almost-unmanageable growth pattern that comes with the clone. More experienced gardeners may find the opportunity to push their maximum for yields and quality combination of this very special plant. Patients who already enjoy the Gorilla Glue No. 4 are sure to enjoy this offspring. It brings with it much of the same potency and flavors of the glue, but sharper.

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