Test your knowledge with our veterinary crossword

These common items litter the oceans and cause severe danger to marine wildlife. (4)

9 8

10

A horse colour consisting of a golden coat with a white or cream mane and tail. (8)

11

PUZZLING WORDS Got a spare moment? Why not give a crossword a go? Designed by UK veterinarian

Alan Holford.

You can find the answers at www.nzva.org.nz/ crossword. Across 1 These common items litter the oceans and cause severe danger to marine wildlife. (4) 3 A horse colour consisting of a golden coat with a white or cream mane and tail. (8) 9 A large domestic cat breed created by crossing the jungle cat, Felis chaus, with the domestic cat. (7) 10 One of the three ossicles of the middle ear. (5) 11 Fungal infection of the nasal mucous membranes. (12) 14 A thin, lubricated cushion located at a point of friction between bone and soft tissues. (5) 21 A group of bird species in the starling family native to Southern Asia. (cryptic hint: to be sound opposition to a 90s British Prime Minister, rearrange many) (4) Down 1 A bacterium lacking a circulatory driver. (cryptic) (8) 2 The quadrangular pieces of cartilage which form the lateral border of the ear canals. (5) 4 Perhaps this is often viewed overcautiously when considering anaesthetic risk. (3) 5 Fewer than the normal number of digits. (12) 15 Inflammation of an abdominal glandular organ which may be associated with excessive fat ingestion. (12) 18 Associated with the largest of the pelvic bones. (5) 19 What is this photo of? (7) 6 The caudolateral pelvic bone. (7) 7 Bones. (4) 8 Vitamin C. (8,4) 12 Another bacterial question? I don’t mean to be a pest, is this plaguing you? (cryptic) (8) 13 The part of the skull enclosing the brain. (7) 16 _____ mucous membranes an indication of dehydration. (5) 17 Tiger, Lion, Zebra or Clown _____ . (4) 19 General term for a type of fracture fixator. (3) 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 A large domestic cat breed created by crossing the jungle cat, Felis chaus, with the domestic cat. (7) One of the three ossicles of the middle ear. Fungal infection of the nasal mucous membranes. (12) A thin, lubricated cushion located at a point of friction between bone and soft Inflammation of an abdominal glandular organ which may be associated with excessive fat ingestion. (12) Associated with the largest of the pelvic Take a brief look at the accompanying An animal in which all teeth are a similar size and shape such as crocodilia. (8) A group of bird species in the Starling family native to Southern Asia. (cryptic hint: to be sound opposition to a 90's British Primeminister, rearrange many). A bacterium lacking a circulatory driver. 8) 8 Vitamin C. (8,4) 12 Another bacterial question? I don't mean to be a pest, is this plaguing you? (cryptic) (8) 13 The part of the skull enclosing the brain. (7) 16 _____ mucous membranes -an indication of dehydration. (5) 17 Tiger, Lion, Zebra, Clown. (4) 19 General term for a type of fracture fixator. (3) 20 An animal in which all teeth are a similar size and shape such as Crocodilia. (8)

CORNELL UNIVERSITY

Clinicians present the case of a cat with complete obstruction of the distal bile duct. They preserved the proximal bile duct and re-implanted it. The cat recovered and was asymptomatic for six months, but then had a cancer relapse and was subsequently euthanased. The authors demonstrate that re-implantation is a surgical option where the proximal bile duct is preserved and the gall bladder is not available.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC6741818

GLOBAL LAB

Mirjam Guesgen showcases research being conducted at veterinary schools around the world.

VETSUISSE FACULTY BERN AND ZURICH

Researchers from the University of Bern, part of the Vetsuisse Faculty Bern and Zurich, reviewed the diagnosis, pathogenesis and prevention of Clostridium perfringens infection in pigs. They describe hallmark lesions, the disease’s isolation from intestinal samples, recent developments in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, and prevention through immunisation. They note the challenges of differentiating disease-free and pathogen-free herd status due to the fact that C. perfringens can persist in animals’ environments and intestinal tracts.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31955664

MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY

A review by Ángel Abuelo, Assistant Professor in Cattle Health and Wellbeing, discusses the effects of heifer maternal stress during late gestation on calves’ growth, productivity, metabolism and health. He also discusses maternal intervention strategies to improve neonatal health. The hopes are that a better understanding of intrauterine conditions could lead to management practices that improve neonatal development and cow productivity.

www.journalofdairyscience. org/article/S0022- 0302(20)30078-3/fulltext UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN

In a paper published in Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, researchers reported on an investigation into the ex vivo effects of sequential cranial cruciate ligament transection, medial meniscal release and triple tibial osteotomy on the stability of the canine stifle joint. They found that medial meniscal release resulted in additional cranial tibial subluxation when compared to cranial cruciate ligament transection. Triple tibial osteotomy restored stifle stability up to a 125-degree joint angle.

www.thieme-connect.de/ products/ejournals/ abstract/10.1055/s0039-1700989 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE

University of Melbourne researchers, together with researchers from Monash University and La Trobe University, present a rat model for neurological heterotopic ossification (NHO) that combines traumatic brain injury, femoral fracture and muscle crush injury. They hope to use this model for future studies to identify NHO’s underlying mechanisms and develop evidence-based treatments.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j. bone.2020.115263