Creacion de Incubadoras Diasporas del Conocimiento para America Latina
Creation of Incubators of Knowledge Diasporas for Latin America
Participants • • • • • • • • • • •
ORGANISATIONS INVOLVED: IRD, France CNRS/LIMSI, France Centro Redes, Buenos Aires Min. Foreign Affairs, Bogota IOM Bogota FPM, Montevideo Population Centre, Uni. De la Republica, Montevideo ARTDev, Uni. Montpellier International Migration Programme, UNESCO Colciencias, Bogota Mincyt, Buenos Aires 02/11/2011
OBJECTIVE : reverse brain drain through diaspora knowledge networks GEOGR. SCOPE: Latin America : Argentina – Colombia - Uruguay ACTIVITIES: research – technological input – policy advice - training 02/11/2011
CIDESAL 2 dimensions : Observatory : identify, locate and analyse expatriate Individuals and associations Satistics & dynamics Incubators: contact, connect and mobilize these diaspora actors and networks Equipment (ICTs) and organisational devices (PPs)
02/11/2011
Mobility global context evolution • KHADRIA B., JB MEYER [2011], « The Role of Migration in Restructuring Innovation Systems », in Migration and Development/Migracion y Desarrollo, n° 16 • JB MEYER [2012], « La circulation des compétences et le renouvellement du monde » in de Guchteneire et Pécoud Editions UNESCO (forthcoming) 02/11/2011
Brain drain
02/11/2011
Brain gain
02/11/2011
Enrolment in higher education by region in percentage of the World, 1970-2007 The rising share of emerging economies
distribution by level of national income 100% 90% Part of enrollment of World
80% 70%
57
55
50
46
46
46
39
60%
30
22
22
40% 17
19
22
22
21
Intermediaire to high income countries
19
Low to intermediaire income contries
30% 29
29
35
40
42
22
23
24
28
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
6
6
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
Low income contries
10% 0%
High-income countries
21
50%
20%
32
Source: Institute of statistics of UNESCO
Enrolment in higher education by geographic region in percentage of the World, 1970-2007 distribution by region 100% 90% 80%
1
2
10 14
1
2
10 14
1
1
6 3
9 2
60%
18
16
50%
2
3
4
4
8
9
9
9
2
3
3
6
5
5
12
11
12
21
24
10 3
24 10 2
18 16
11 2 14
40%
29
East and Peaceful Asia
2
11
13
2
11 2 14
30%
48
46
42
37
37
South and West Asia
31
10
13
20%
Saharan Africa
Arab states
15 20
70%
2
3
12
Latin America and the Caribbean
2 14
Central Asia
Central and East Europe
36 29
10%
25
23 North America and Western Europe
0% 1970
1975
1980
1985
Source: Institute of statistics of UNESCO
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
World share of GDP & GERD from 2002 to 2007 UNESCO Science report 2010
www.themegallery.com
Emerging countries increasing scientific production
Gross Expenditure in R&D x 2 in 10 years in LA
The end of digital divide? Internet users per 100 population, 2002 and 2008
2002
2008
59.06
74.14
8.63
28.34
24.95
52.59
1.2
8.14
5.79
16.41
43.62
54.04
North America Latin America and the Caribbean Europe Africa Asia Oceanla
UNESCO Science report 2010
Impressive growth of R&D staff in Latin America
Students mobility Major receiving countriesin ofinternational students in international mobility between (1990 2007) 1990 (blue)and and 2007 (purple)
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 USA
UK
Source : Unesco (1990 and 2009)
France
Germany
Australia
Others
Foreign researchers in Brazil (2000-2006)
Major countries of origin of foreign scientists in Brazil (2000-2006)
400 350
300
Argentina Germany
250
Francia USA Peru
200
Chile Portugal
150
Spain Italy
100 50 0 Year 2000
Souce: census 2006
Year 2002
Year 2004
Year 2006
Evolution of world skills flows (1) from centre - periphery‌
Evolution of world skills flows (2) ‌ to the multipolar world
Timetable CIDESAL project – March 2009-September 2012 14 trimesters (12 + 2 delay) Year 1 Semestre 1 - 2009 Activity
M1
2
3
4
Semestre 2 - 2009-2010 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Teams
Géneral preparation
All
data bases constitution
IRD, Redes, Udelar, Colombia NU, FPM
Expats Identification/ localization
IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU, FPM
Diaspora networks census
CNRS, IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU, FPM
Networks characterization
CNRS, IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU
02/11/2011
Year 2-3: Activity
Trimestre 5 MarzoMayo 2010
T 6 Ju n A g
T7 SepNo 2010
T8 DecFeb 2011
T9 MarMa 2011
T 10 JunAgo 2011
T 11 SepNo 2011
T 12 DecFeb 2012
Teams
data bases constitution
IRD, Redes, Udelar, Colombia NU, FPM
Expats Identification/ localization
IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU, FPM
Diaspora networks census
CNRS, IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU, FPM
Networks characterizatio
IRD, Redes, Udelar, Colombi NU
Information platforms set up
CNRS, IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU
Definition of governance modalities
IRD, CNRS, Redes, Udelar, Colombia NU, FPM
02/11/2011
We are here, in the third round of the project
Year 3-4 : Activity
Trimestre 13 Mar–May 2012
T 14 JunAgo 2012
T 15 SepDec 2012
Equipos responsables
Platforms
CNRS, IRD, Redes, Udelar, CNU, FPM
Definition of governance modalities
IRD, CNRS, Redes, Udelar, Colombia NU, FPM
Recomendations, training
IRD, Redes, Udelar, Colombia NU, FPM
Survey, evaluation
IRD, experts panel
02/11/2011
CIDESAL Project – Temporal Architecture Observatory phase
Incubators phase
Training/governance phase
Time arrow
Datos
Precisos
Adela Martin Lucas Alejo
Datos
Detallados
Lucas Alejo Valent Fer Crist Caro Doriane
Find
Describe
Bill Jorge Doriane Dan Alejo Valent Juan Ca
Mobilize
Interest
Adela Alejo Bill Fer Lucas Jorge Dan Valent Juan Ca
02/11/2011
We are here, in the third round of the project
Conclusion… • We are not ahead of time… • …but with good results • The challenges are to make these known • And to speed up a little bit ! 02/11/2011