The Cantuarian December 1952 - July 1953 by OKS Association | The King's School, Canterbury

THE CANTUARIAN VOL.

xxv.

No. 1

D ECEMBER,

1952:

EDITORIAL

Officially winter 'commences' on December 22. In fact it begins. whenever it likes when the summer days are gone beyo nd recall, and often before the long glowing pause that is autumn is ended. Autumn is the truly idyllic seaso n, and the late afternoon its most cherished gift, with the orange sun shining through mild banks of fog, and the return of crumpets for tea . All too often such care-free days are disturbed by some rem inder that the world is not merely an enlarged version of our school life, but so mething harder and more cruel. Indeed the education of the public' schools is frequently decried for their sheltered existence which can be,. they say, no fit preparation for the stor ms and realities of the wo rld. 3

T "I

CONTENTS

ED ITORIAL THE SCHOOL VIRTUTE .. . VALETE SALVETE ... THIS AND THAT PERSONAL COLUMN KING'S WEEK HE NRY IV .. . CAMPING IN CANTERBURY SPEEC HES ... SPEECH DAY LISTS ART AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITIONS STA RS IN THEIR COURSES .. . TO ROME ON £20 FINLAND ... THOMAS LlNACR E A BROWNING VERSION SONNET TOWNSMAN VERS E SACR IFICE OF ENGLAND'S MANHOOD ... SELF-PRISON THE LAUDlAN TRIUMPH MASTER-PIECES OF ANTHONY DURNFORD LAMBETH DEGREES ... BOOK REVIEWS ... HOGARTH'S PEREGRINATION RUGGER .. . C.C.F. BOAT CLUB HOCKEY .. . BOXING SHOOTING SWIMMING SQUASH FENCING . ... MUS IC IN KING'S WEEK LECTURES AND RECITALS ... PENNY R EADING ARE WE LOSING OUR TRADITIONS? AMERICAN LETTER A PAGE OF GOOD TH INGS ... SOCIETIES ... O.K.S. N EWS OBITUARIES CANTERBURY RE-BUILT MASONIC LODGE SHAKES PEARE AND MARLOWE FROM A BELFRY WINDOW HIE LlBRARY ... JU NIOR SCHOOL NEWS CONTEM PORARIES

PAG E

3' 5 6> 7

8 9' 16 · 21 22 ' 23 · 24 · 25 · 29 ' 30 ' 30 · 31

32 35 36 · 36 · 37 ' 37" 37"

38 · 41 45 47"

51 53· 59 ' 60 ' 60 ' 60 · 60 ·

61 61

62: 63

65 66·

•

67 69' 70'

n. 75 77 7T

78 78 80'

....

81 8l

THE

CAN TUARLAN

The old public school of Tom Brown was a rough and brutal training:ground which, intentionally or no, prepared its sons for the worst: But take it: if the smack is so ur, The better for the embittered hour. Such a training spelled defeat of the principles of the good life, for it was a compromise with acknowledged evil. To-day we prefer to practise ourselves in the pursuit of the good things so that there may be no room for that which is of ill report. What are these good things? Tolerance without indifference, a love of the beautiful without sophistication, a love of goodness without prudery, and the love of God and of our neighbour without ceasing: These are the well-tried ideals on which is based the rule of conduct .the pursuit of which is our endeavour. You must love the light so well That no evil will seem fell. If we live in the pursuit of these ideals the comi ng of winter can hold no fears for us, nor need we regret the idylls of autumn save for a wistful memory of orange suns and friendship's teas.

THE

CANTUAR LA N

THE SCHOOL Captain of the School: K. D. AGNEW Head Head Head Head Head Head H ead

M. HERBERT, K.S. K. D. AGNEW P. DAWSON, K.S. J. C. DUNN D. CLIFT, K.S. D. C. RYELAND N . PAINE

of The School House of The Grange ... of Walpole House of Meister Omers of Luxmoore House of Galpin's House of Marlowe House

MONITORS K. D. AGNEW, M. HERBERT, K.S., D. C. RYELAND, N. C. G. RAFFLE, K.S., P. DAWSON,. K.S., D. CLIFT, K.S., J. C. DUNN, N. PAINE, P . H. Moss, K.S., W. E. EUSTACE, C. W. FREYER HOUSE PREFECTS The School House: A. J. BRIGGS, K.S., M. A. CHAWNER, D. G. GRIFFITH, A . H. M. HOARE, K.S., J. W. NORTON, J. E. PAWSEY, J. A. ROWE, K.S . P. J. D. ALLEN, J. P. M . DAVIES, K. W. FENTON, K.S., D. H. W . The Grange: KELLY, R. A. LAWRENCE, B. D. S. LoCK, K.S., R. H. C. SYMON. P. N. BAUMANN, L. A. KINGHORN, G. F. NASH, M. H. ROBERTS, Walpole House: M. U. SLEE, R. N. B. THOMAS, M . C. TURNOR E. H . T. BAYLIS, S. N . BURBRIDGE, J. S. HARVEY, D. C. MOOR, Meister Omers: C. J. REED, H. A . SMITH, W. H. WOOLSTON Luxmoore House: E. C. ASH, J. R. CAPURRO, M . McG. GARDNER, J. C. HARDING, D. J. KIRSCH, A. P. MARKS, G. S. SPATHIS A . M. J. HALSEY, R. A. LAMONT, R. G. MLLNE, K.S., P. G. ROBERTS. Galpin's House: K.S., B. S. SALMON J. H. COBB, M. S. R. COZENS, G. E. HARE Marlowe House: Captain Captain Captain Captain Captain Captain

N. C. G. RAFFLE, K.S. D. CLIFT, K.S. J. W. NORTON J. A. ROWE, K.S. M. J. MOORE, K.S. P. N. BAUMANN

of Rugby Football of Fencing of Boxing .. . of Fives .. . of Shooting of Squash The Cantuarian :

Editors: P. H . Moss, K.S., P. DAWSON, K.S., J. DE V. ALLEN, K.S_ Sports Editor: M . HERBERT, K.S. Secretary : B. D. S. LOCK, K.S. 5

• THE CANTUARIAN

VIRTUTE FUNCTI MORE PATRUM DUCES

'c. J.

BELL.-Entered School, Sept., '46; House Prefect, Sept., '50; Capt. of Shooting, Jan., '5 1; Capt. of Cross-Country, Jan., '52; Sec. of Somner Soc.; Sgt., C.C.F. D. C. BINDoN.-Entered School, Jan., '47; Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, Sept., '51; A.S.M., Sept., '51. P. C. BLACKBuRN.-Entered School, Sept. , '46; House Prefect, Sept., '5 1; Boxing Colours, '52; 2nd Hockey XI, '51; 1st Hockey XI, '52; Sgt., C.C.F. R. G. BURGESS, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '47; House Prefect, May, '51; 2nd IV, '5 1; 1st VIII, '52; Ldg. Smn., R .N. J. CASSIDY.- Entered School, Jan., '47; HOllse Prefect, Sept., '50; School Monitor, Sept., '5 1; Rowing Colours, '48-'52; Vice-Capt. of Rowing, '51-'52; 2nd XV, '49; 1st XV, '5 1; Squash, '49-'51; Capt., '52; Sgt., C.C.F. D. A. CHILDS, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '47; Cannon Scholar; Upper Sixth , '51; House Prefect, May, '50; 2nd Hockey XI, '49; 1st Hockey XI, '52; Cpl., C.C.F. r. E. A. CLARK.- Entered School, Sept., '46; House Prefect, '5 1; 2nd XV, '50; 1st XV, '5 1; Athletics, '51-'52; 1st VIII, '52; Ldg. Smn., R.N. D. L. COuRTlER-DuTIoN.- Entered School, May, '47; Upper Sixth, '5 1; House Prefect, Jan. '5 1' School Monitor, Sept., '51'; Cross-Country VIII, '51-'52; Tennis VI, '50..'52; Capt., '52; L/Sgt., C.C.F.; Han. Parker Exhibition to C.C.C., Cambridge; Open Maths. Scholarship, C.C.c., Oxford. T. J. DOCKSEY, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '46; Upper Sixth, '49; House Monitor, '51; Sec. of Harvey and Railway Sacs.; Sgt., R.A.F. .J. F. FOSTER.- Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, June, '52; House Monitor, Sept. '49' School Monitor, June, '52; 2nd XV, '51; Capt. of Swimming, '51-'52; Sec. ~f W~lpole Soc.; L/Sgt., C.C.F. ; Kitchener Exhibi tion . H. J. FRAMPTON, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '47 ; Upper Sixth, '50; House Prefect, '50 ' School Monitor and Head of Walpole Ho use, '50; Sec. of Modern Languages So~.; 2nd XI, '50; I st XI, '51-'52; Capt. of 2nd XV, ' 51; 1st Hockey XI, '52; L/Sgt., C.C.F.; O.K.S. Gift. J. L. A. GIMBLETI.- Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, '51; 2nd IV Coxing, '49; Cpl., R .A.F . ; Meyricke History Exhibition to Jesus College, Oxford. ·G. M. HAMBER, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '46; Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, ' 51; 2nd IV, '49; Sgt., C.C.F.; State Scholarship. .J. E. INGLETON.- Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, ' 51; House Prefect, '51; L/Sgt. , C.C.F .; Baring Open History Scholarship to Hereford College, Oxford; Gilbert Gift . . D. S. JENKI Ns.- Entered School, Sept., '46 ; Upper Sixth, '50; House Prefect, ' 50; School Monitor, ' 51; 2nd XV, '49-'50; 1st XV, '51; 2nd Hockey Xl, '52; Cdt. Instr., R.N.; Sec. of Debating Soc.; Ford Students hip, Trinity College, Oxford; Shepherd Gift. 6

[

THE CANTUAR IAN

M. G . LUPTON, K.s.-Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '5 1; House Prefect, '51;: Treas. of Walpole Soc.; Sec. of Pater Soc.; C.Q.M.S., C.C.F. B. D. A. PHILLlPs.- Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '51; Cpl., C.C.F. ; State, Scholarship. J. B. PHILLlPS.-Entered School, Sept., '47; House Prefect, '50; Head of Marlowe' House, '50; School Monitor, '5 1; 1st XI, '49-'52; 1st XV, '50-'51; 1st Hockey' Xl, '5 1-'52; L/Sgt., C.C.F. J. M. SKINNER.-Entered School, Sept., '46; Upper Sixth, '50; House Prefect, '50;: School Monitor a nd Head of Meister Omers, '51; 1st Hockey XI, ' 51-' 52; 1st. Xl, '50-'52; 2nd XV, '48-'51; F/Sgt., R.A.F. D. J. C. SNOXALL, K.s.- Entered School, Sept., '46; Upper Sixth, '50; Han. Senior K.S.,. '50 ; House Prefect, '49 ; School Monitor and Head of Luxmoore House, '5 1;. Editor of The Cantual'ian; 1st XI, '49-'52; 1st Hockey Xl, '50-'52; Capt. of Hockey,. '52; Athletics, '50-'52; 2nd XV, '50; 1st XV, '51; Cpl., R.A.F. ; State Scholarship ;. History Postmastership, Merton College, Oxford . B. J. STAFFORD, K.s.- Entered School, Sept. , '46; Upper Sixth, '50; House Prefect,. '5 1; Cpl. , C.C.F. A. J. TAYLOR .-Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, '50; 2nd. XI , '5 1; 1st XI, '52; Sec. of Nat. Hist. SOt. W. G. WATKINS, K.s.-Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '50; House Prefect, '51; Treas. of Sornner Soc. ; Sec. of Railway Soc.; C.S.M., C.C.F. ; Open History' Exhibition, Univ. College, Oxford; Waddington Gift.

J. M. WHITEFIELD.-Entered School, Sept., '47; Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, '51;. 2nd XV, '51; 2nd Athletics, '52; L/Sgt., C.C.F. S. YouNG.-Entered School, Sept., '45; Upper Sixth, '50 ; House Prefect, '50; School. Monitor, ' 50; Head of The Grange, '50; Captain of School, '51; 1st XI, '49-'52;. Capt. of Cricket, '52; 1st XV, '49-'5 1; 1st Hockey XI, '51-'52; Athletics, '50-'52; Capt. of Athletics, '52; Boxing, '48-'52; Capt., '52; Cross-Country, '50; Editor' of The Cantuarian, ex officio; C.S.M., C.C.F.

r VALETE L. H. Atkins, B. C. Belsham, G. Bernard, H. N. Collins, P. S. T. Conrad, P. C. de' Lisser, D. G. Fuller, P. J. Heyman, M. E. C. Hill, l. E. C. Hubbard, D. H. Kennedy, C. H. McCleery, R. D. Maitland, G. E. Marsh, M. G. G. Mayer, T. R. J. Moffatt,. B. F. Papenflls, B. D. A. Phillips, A. J. W. Smythe, A. W. Skinner, M. Taplin, T. M. Tayler, A . .T. Wells, M. L. Williams. 7

. THE

CANTUARIAN

SA LVETE C. C. W. Adams, J. R . A. J. Adams, R. A. Apcar, C. l. Atkinson, A. P. Ayling, K.S., ·R. D . Baker, J. W. Balchin, H. A. S. Bancroft, M. J. Barringer, C. M. Bateman, A. J. 'Beet, J. A. W. Bewley, J. R. A. Bird, J. W. Boeckmann, J. E. Boultbee, A. N. A. Browner, K.S., N . G. Burbridge, 1. A. Campbell, K.S., M. M. Cartwright, T. J. Chevenix-Trench, K.S., M. B. Chester, J. C. Clark, H. L. Clark, O. R. F. Davies, K.S., R. H. T. Dawkins, ·C. C. de ehazal, M. D. Deller, N. Devoil, N. J. Drew, A. A. Dunning, K.S. , D. J. East, R. V. Edwards, B. D. Foord, J. C. L. Foot, N . H. Freeman, J. R. Frew, F. J. Giles, .J. M. B. Gingell, G. A. Gray, R. D. Gregory, J. C. Gunner, D. R. L. Harris, D. R. Heygate, T. G. Hird, R. K. Holt, P. J. Houston, M. G. Hudson, T. Jardine-Brown, K.S., K. M. S. Johns, M. E. Jones, J. A. Kane, K.S., G. G. Kidd , A. D. Lee-Elliott, R. R. Leggatt, J. J. Lewis, P. E. 1. Lilly, R. F. Lunn, A. E. Mitchell , H. Moon, J. P. D. Moore, ·C. A. Morgan , B. M. Morrison, D. J. Mortimer, C. M. A. Mullins, P. W. Niblock, 1. S. Nicholson , K. G . Nighiingale, S. B. Parsons, D. Partridge, W. A. N. Pitch , A. S. Pitch, C P. Pitch, M. J. Price, K.S. , A. J. Redpath, J. J. Richardson, P. S. Skinner, G. S. :Smith, A. P. G. Stanley-Smith , D. C. C. Stevenson , J. A. G. Stewart, M. T. Thorburn, .c. Vernon-Smi th, A. T. Webb, S. D. P. Wh{taker, J. G . White, C. M. J. Whittington, IK.S.. P. H. Wilkinson, R. H. Williams.

THE

C ANTUARIAN

THIS AND THAT The results of the G.C.E. last summer at the Advanced a nd Scholarship· Examinations levels (the equivalent of the old Higher Certificates, pass and distinction). were the best we have had at any time. This suggests that "King's Week" was an inspiration rather than a slackening force. St t S I I h' No less than 12 were gained in the aforesaid examinations ; twice' a e c 10 ars IpS the highest number hitherto. School Hymn Book

We understand that a second edition is in the press, that there are a. few, but very few, changes, and that the new edition will be in red covers· to prevent confusion with the first edition.

A completely charming account of Kent is provided by this book of hundreds of pictures which with their captions tell our county's story. It is the work of Mr. Pratt Boorman, of Bilsington Priory, who generously' sent us a copy for the Library. It is to his kindness that we are indebted for' the pictlll'e in this issue, entitled "Break"; a picture taken in the Summer of 1951. The' book should appeal to very many, and we hope it will enjoy a wide popularity.

"The Pride of Kent"

Training Table

Rumour has it-but whoever can trust School rumour?-that the VIn is to· be fed at its own table and on the most strengthening and heartening diet possible in these days. The tennis teams are said to be gnashing their teetlL and/or biting their rackets.

· t' The Archbishop of Canterbury will hold our annual Confirmation on. C011f Irma IOn Saturday, March 21st. The Senior School is now 500; the Junior 150. In memory of their son, Anthony Durnford, whose most lamen~ble' The Durnford death occurred on May 19th, 1951, his parents are to furnish the old. Library Museum (the room above the Green Court Gate) with shelves and window-seats, so that it may be used as a History Library. The family' arms-the gift of another donor- are in one window, together with those of Kemp, Boys. and Smythe. The room will be delightful when it is finished, and besides being a worthy' memorial it will be of the utmost benefit, for we had entirely outgrown the main library,. which can accommodate neither the books we have nor those who wish to use them. The room will be known as the Durnford Library. A certain amount of work- mostly plumbing and sanitation- has enabled us· School to improve the House enormously, and to restore to it the old "Hall". In one House window the arms of Gostling a ppear, for William Gostling lived very much. where School House now stands. We hope to write more about this interesting man in an article "Hogarth's Peregrinations", elsewhere in this number. But the well-· known print of the Mint Yard included in his Walk in alld about Call1erbury was taken from the original water-colour now in the School's possession; and on the back of that water-colour there is written in contemporary hand, "The King's School from Mr. Gostling's Chamber Window, Feb. 8th 1777", and a later hand adds "Francis Grose,. Esqre.". Numbers

TH E C A N TUARIA N

The old Headmaster's house in the Mint Yard has now become a Boarding-Galpin's House named after Dr. Galpin who, in his headmastership, did so much for the School in all ways and kept its standard of learning high, Mr. S, S, Sopwith 'is the Housemaster, and the sixty boys have started off their new House in happy 'fashion , 'The Prayer-book

For some 14 years or more the School has had its own Canterbury Prayer-book, Stocks now being exhausted, we learn that a new edition with omissions and additions is contemplated,

Everyone will agree that Mr, Charles Knight (who, we understand, was the present Queen's Art-instructor) has made a wonderfully attractive picture of the School and its environment and extent. 'The purpose of the "Prospect" is to show readily to enquirers where everything is, and the great dignity of the whole as it lies gathered round the various "Courts" or " Quads" : ,the Oaks, the Green Court, the Forrens, the Mint Yard, and Palace Court. The picture :form s the fronti spiece of this number,

'The "Prospect"

The 'Common Room

The Masters are now housed in comfort and grace in Precincts 21 , the building adjoi ning the Deanery, There they possess the usual sort of business room, with other sitting-rooms, kitchen, bathroom and all that the heart can desire; to say nothing of the comprehensive

'view o f the Green Court, at all times interesting and on occasions stimulating.

This paragraph asks no body for money or oth,er , means of commemo rating this famous man, On the contrary ,t IS to report the receipt of money! The Elizabethan Literary Society of London has with great generosity granted us ÂŁ80 from their own Marlowe Fund,without any request from us-towards the further equip ment and furnishing of our Library, Their aid is both timely and welcome, and we are mdeed grateful to the Soc,ety 'for its kind action and the thought that prompted It. The Marlowe Fund

This is a fortnightly magazine, Its issue of August 23rd last "noticed" our production of Henry IV, They said, " the acting was of a surprisingly high standard, and in particular that of N, Raffle as Falstaff was remark,ably mature", Unhappily they suggested the play was not so audible as m,ght have been ; but they phrased it nicely, "the acoustics of the Chapter House are eVidently very ,difficult", '''Theatre''

The Streffen Case

The trial of this man and the subseq uent argumentations in the press puzzled a lot of people, He had already murdered children and had been declared mad by juries, judges and Crown medical men; his madness lay in the lust to kill children, The State therefore shut him up,

-guaranteeing to secure him as a dangerous madman to children. But the State's security

'was faulty' he escaped and killed another child- a consequence not Whereupo~ he was tried and condemned as a sane and responsible 'who had shut him up as a dangerous lU:lp_tic! There were people the State ought to have been in the dock, The Law can still .Mr. Bumble's day, 10

to be unexpected, man by the, State who thought that be curious as in

TH E CANTUAR I A N

The Blake Trust Committee has had superb reproductions made of William Blake eight of Blake's pictures, and through the kindness of a fri end we (1757-1827) have acquired a set. Some boys will know of Blake as a poet- for is , , not Tiger, tiger, burni~g bright within school anthologies?- but few ~ll know of h!m as a pamter. BU,t a pa mter he wa~ and a glorious one; and today you wIil have to give vast sums for hlS ongInals, An mnocent, Simple-minded, loving and lovable man he was; easy to be imposed upon; a bit mad, maybe, but ifso some madmen see into, the inne! truth of thinlls more than the sane ; a sentiment which study of these seven plctur~s will uphold, Is It wild beyond forgiveness to haza rd the opinion that his Last Supper lS not whit mfenor to Leonardo's? One person holds it so at any rate, A topic very much to the fore now, for the (clerical) Convocations wish to pass into law their revised Canon Laws; but it is a fundamental juristic principle in this country that "what touches all must be appro ved by all", Assuming that the House of Commons may not concern itself with this subject- perhaps a rash assumption- yet the House of Laity in the Chu rch Assembly cannot but claim a voice; a strong section is not content to have this matter brought to them as "of grace", they claim the right to participate in legislation which affects themselves, So the Place of the Laity is soon to be debated in the Chu rch Assembly; either they are as integral a part of the Church as the clergy or not. If not, why bother to have a Church Assembly; if they are, why should Laws be debated and passed in purely clerical gatherings? Fifty years ago a deeply-learned and lengthy Report on this subject was published, and almost as soon forgotten, It has now been republished with the aid of one or two people not unconnected with the School' and our friend Professo r Norman Sykes has written an Introduction, And if some very sacerdotally-mmded folk should contemptuously ask, " Who are the laity?" it would be well to recall the devastating retort of no less a person than the great Newman, " I answered that the Church would look foolish without them", "The Place of the Laity in the Church"

All being well, which means if the plans are forthcoming in time and a licence obtained, we shall open this new Boarding House for January next. It will hold between 50 and 60, and may well prove in some ways the most attractive of all the Houses, The House is named after the famous Thomas Linacre, whose name both Oxford and Cambridge delight to honour.

Linacre House

There was quite a to-do about Speech Day, and one or two popular dailies were vexed they were not represented: they even made a point of it, perhaps to Imply that the Dean might have been uttering secrets from behind the Curtain, But, of course, all he uttered was the traditional list of names of those ~ho had distinguished themselves in the year. Still, they nodded their heads ominously, only four press tIckets, and local newspapers at that" , But our local press is all we ever ask, Nor was there anything menacing in the "cordon of police" we were supposed to have, We had two policemen- we always do-not to protect any of us from assault; but to protect our tea-tables on the Green Court from the thousands of Cathedral visitors who might otherwise imagine that a generous Chapter provides a free meal and ice~ every day in the Summer for the char-a-banc parties, The Press

TH E

C ANTUARIAN

Back in May the Anglican Diocesan Episcopate debated the subject of Hfaith-healing", and they spoke with caution and some appearance of unease, to j udge from the reports. True, one or two allowed the possibility, others conceded there must be some "unexplained force" at work ; and, asking that a committee be set up to investigate, no doubt their lordships considered that was that. Recentl y the Arch bishop of Yo rk has spoken further on this subject. Yet such healing is fact, well-known fact. Some of us know wonderFul Christian people through whom this gift fl ows. Indeed, this was to be, our Lord Himsel f said, one of the signs of His true Followers. If Christ is the Same yesterday, today and for ever (and He must be, if Christia nity is not a delusion) then His power may surely be exercised in the 20th century as in the first two or three centuries of our era? Faith is now- as it was thenthe Fundamental requisite ; and if a godly man can heal through the power of Christ he is a veritable minister of Christ; and that kind of "slI ccess io n" is to many minds Miracles

more understa nda ble than an "offi cial successio n" . It h2.s been decided that the Coron ation holiday shall extend from

The Coronation

Friday, May 29th to the evening of Wednesday, June 3rd. Sixteen connecting rooms have been made out of the old Monastic Brewery a nd Bakery ; fourteen of them a re classrooms a nd must be the most Our Antiquities fascina ting rooms in which to teach and learn anywhere in England, or for that matter in the world. Through the South windows one gazes on the Green Court, Bell Har ry and the Cathedral ; to the No rth, one's spirits and vigour rise to the Scotland Hills. Besides, each room possesses something; a deep-splayed Norman window of Lanfranc's day, a Gothic arch, a door fi ve centuries old, a King-postsomething which speaks of the story of former inhabitants of o ur buildings. On July 22nd last, The T imes was moved to devote a whole column to this particular range of buildings which has so happily been re-constructed and brought into such valuable service. " There can be little doubt" , wrote their archaeological correspondent, " that all these fealures formed part of Lanfranc's convent of A.D. 1070" . On Jul y 15th and 16th a special correspondent contributed two excellent The Present and well-informed middle-page articles on China and its likely directions. How far his insight and understanding are absolutely correct few people China can, of course, say; but the articles deserve careful reading, and we commend them not least to in:tending Open Scbolars who are concerned about " General Papers" . An excellent pamphlet under this title has been published at 1/- (below cost price) and may be obtained from 14 Henrietta Street, London, W.C.2. The \ Var on pamphlet exam ines the facts of the wo rld's poverty, what can be done nationWant ally and internationally; it investigates the merits of the Colombo plan, and offers solutions of its own. It deserves study and sympathy. The reader may not entirely agree with the proposed solutions, but the pro blem itself is one which we cannot ignore ; we cannot, if we a re disciples of Christ; we ought not, even from prudential motives. The opening paragra ph states the case: "Two-thirds of all the men, women and children on earth today li ve their li ves surrounded by squalor, hunger, disease, starvation, illiteracy and premalure death. Such poverty is not new in human history : it is as old as ma n. But .... for the fi rst time in history the peoples that live in poverty begin to know that their poverly is not an inevita ble condi tion of human li fe. " 12

t HE

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This letter will interest the Boat Club of today. Kingsdown, Deal. July 4th, 1921 Dear Mr. Latter, I was interested to read today that the King's School had rowed agamst Westmmster School on the Thames. Ambitious ! for the rowmg. tradItIOns, and its opportunities, are great. A return match would be mteresllOg II rowed on the Stour, say from Fordwich to Pluck's Gutter. I was one of the first K.S. four oar, the others being John Kemp Joh n Reginald Corbett Arthur Vernon Haines, and William Croasdill. We collectea the ';"oney to buy a four-oar' a nd it was launched in naval fashion at Fordwich by Dean Alford's daughter (afterward~ MI s: Bullock) and after her we named It the PrIncess Altce. A flag was made for itI thmk by Mrs. Hemery, a banker's wife, the mother of myoId friend Percy Hemery who is still to the fore .. Our rows were generally to Gro ve Ferry and back .... 01 ; a whole hohday v.:e SOI1.'etlmes rowed to SandWIch and back. Does the present generation achICve thIS? ThIS beglOnlOg of K.S. aquatics was, I thi nk, in 1862 . ... " J. W. HORSLBY. [Editorial N ote.- The writer came to the School as a King's Scholar ill 1855 and went to Pembrok e, Oxford: he was one of the mOllY H orsleys who came here to school. Kemp was the son of all officeI' In the 1st Dragoon Guards: CroasdiU's place of birth is given as Newcastl~ In AU~/ralia, ,~nd his father "Gentleman" : Haines came from London, his f ather belllg desc/'lbed as Purse bearer to the Lord Chancellor" : and Corbett'sfather was curate of R oss in Ireland. ] On I;!ove~ber the 6tll the B.B .C. broadcast a recording of "Question B.B.C. Time which thel. had m.ade !n the School Library a fortnight earlier. Recording The sub)ect was Where IS SCience leadmg us?", a nd boys of the Sixth Form With gll'ls from Benenden put questions to Professor C. A. Coulson, F.R.S., Professor Kathleen Lonsdale, F.R.S., and Dr. Bronowski. Finally the tables were lurned, and Agnew and Milne answered questions of a similar kind prepared by the learned team. It was an inter~sting experience for us all, and the boys who took part Will treat With greater respect 111 future all those experts who answer the most searching questions without hesitation or dismay. The Boat Club in the Sixties

A v~ry deep trench was made for drainage from the new Library towards Sellmgegate, and there was revealed part of the foundation of a Roma n house. This discovery is both interesting and important. It was known that a Roman road ran where now Bell Harry would straddle itÂˇ and here is proof that there were houses built by Romans on that road. '

A Roman Discovery

The Dayboys' Lunch

From Woman and Beauty (which we think is a London magazine): :'I was lunching in a Canterbury restaurant when the door opened and came. a flock of ravens shepherding their schoolboy pupils. It was

f ascll1atlOg, watchlOg them as they passed my ta ble. There didn' t seem to be a Mr. Chips amonilst the mas ters ; they all seemed very yo ung and one sported a tartan waistcoat under hiS gown .. There were boys with white faces, red faces, long legs, short legs, but they all had one thmg 10 common : a toss of tbe head to flip their hair out of their eyes. You wondered which were tbe dreamers, which the scientists which might follow in the footsteps of those two famous men, Somerset Maugbam and Hugh Walpole, who went to the same school. " 13

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All our readers who do not live in Canterbury are urged to come speedily if ever again they wish to see the carvings on the Norman Towers of the Cathedral, which, despite a vast restoration fund and the lapse of seven and a half years, appear daily to perish. The Edi to rs printed in the last issue a letter about the constant failure of the Amlllifiers amplifie rs in the Cathedral. Tbe matter has now been taken up by One of the national newspa pers, which speaks of " bangings and rattlings in the loudspeakers" at an evening service with the largest congregation for several years. Perhaps the fa ults may now be remedied, unless it is intended to deter congregations from coming to services in Christ Church. Throughout this issue there are eulogies of visitors and boys wbose Back Room performances made King's Week so successful, but it would all have failed Boys without the magnificent administration that had been going on for many months. At the head of it all was Mr. Lawrence, who was responsible for everything ultimately and for most things primarily. He was ably assisted by a hard-worki ng staff of Monitors a nd fags, so large that it wo uld be invidious to mention names. Mrs. Edmonds a nd Mrs. Reynolds, assisted by Mrs. M owll, sewed curtains and dresses till their finge rs must have been at the bone. Miss Swayne prepared late breakfasts and late snacks for well over fifty people. Mr. Corner was responsible for all the programmes and their production. To all, whether mentioned by name or not, we are most grateful. The establishment of the Mason Closed Scholarships at Oxford and Years of Cambridge, provides for awards to be made up to the age of twenty. This Discretion is rapidly becoming the age at which the most responsible members of the community leave the School and it cannot be stressed too strongly that the extra year at school is, in all but exceptional cases, comparatively far more valuable than any that go before. It is to be hoped that many candidates will be found to stretch this age-limit to its utmost. We have received a copy of The Grange Newsletter, the only House The Grange magazine still in publication. It seems one of the best issues that they Newsletter have had, preserving a just balance between the parochial and the cosmopolitan; and is read far beyond the confines of the House. Until the abolition of corporal punishment on September l3th, 1948, the Flogging only crimes of violence for which it could be imposed were robbery with violence and armed robbery. Since the abolition of this penalty, these offences, The Norman Towers

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which include the much-publicised "coshing" , have decreased. Below are the figures, given

by the Lord Chancellor and the Home Secretary recently :Crimes Known to the Police Before Abolition After Abolition 1946 804 1949 860 1947 842 1950 812 1948 978 1951 ~3 1952 (1st half) 359 It does not look as if corporal punishment is the answer to violence! Moreover the history of our country proves that the harsher and more primitive the law, the greater the crimes in number and gravity. After all, one may as well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb. And if no other country in Europe, for example, finds the need for it, why England? Are Englishmen more barbarous than Frenchmen, than Scotsmen? 14

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"General" survey of a Rugger Match

Quem genuit noster ludus, suscepit et alter, Arrogat illustrem ludus uterque ducem. Huic faveatne magis victor miratur an illi;

Certari pedibus folliculoque placet. In campis aciem praefectus uterque pedestrem Struxit, et in mediis dux bene visus adest. Regia causa deis placuit; num victa, tot hostes Qui toties vasto vicit in orbe, duci?

Any master to any form at the end of the day ·'Prometheus Unbound" in the Priory Classrooms

A Letter from Kenya

Quod sopor opprimeret pueros, iam triste querentis Orbilii labias opprimit ille sopor. Discimus igniferum non iam esse Promethea vinctum; Discentes cur non adiuvat igne deus ?

"Despite the Mau Mau eruption Kenya is still a pleasant spot. I really think England hears more than we in Kenya do of the subversive movements."

The Young Lady of Riga

"Puella Rigensis ridebat Quam tigris in tergo vehebat ; Externa profecta, Interna revecta; Risusque cum tigre manebat."

We hear much to-day of this subject, and doubtless on an average of £500 p.a. a clergyman cannot do more than scrape along. The good thing is that the Church is conscious of the inequity of large and small incomes; one man with a tiny rural charge may receive far more than an incumbent of a big mining or industrial parish; but the contrasts are not so vivid as they were. Interest urged us to look at the Clergy Lists of the 1850's; the contrasts can only be described as shocking. Remembering that we must multiply say by 5, if not 6 or 7, to arrive at to-day's values, how can a system be defended wherein the Incumbent of Whitchurch (Salop.) drew £1,458, of Darfield £1 ,500, of Wem £2,300, of Newent £1 ,600, of Hawarden £2,844-to name but a few, though scores and scores received anything from £200 to £1 ,200- and the parson of Caldecott drew £6 p.a., he of Appleton in Norfolk £8, the Vicar of Sandford £15, a number of others £5, while the lowest scorer was the Reverend R. H. G. More whose cure of the souls of the parishioners of Shipton (Salop.) was valued at £3 per annum, and withal he was a Master of Arts! Clergy Stipends

The Latest

The Hon. Mrs. Mary Buchanan came down early in the term and lectured Lectures the School on the international village, Pestalozzi, in Switzerland. Later, Mr. A. L. Irvine spoke charmingly on Florence and Mr. A. V. Cleaver, F.R.A, .S. , spoke on Interplanetary Travel. The first two of these lectures were illustrated, We are most grateful to the speakers for co ming down.

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"I am very sorry I'm late, but I have been getting an elephant out of the Vauxhall Lakes."

THE CANTUAR IA N

PERSONAL COLUMN To a brilliant Oxford career David Edwards has added the crowning glory by his election to a Fellowship at All Souls. He came. to us in Septe""ber, 1942 as a Milner Scholar, and In 1947 won the top HIStory ScholarshIp at Magdalen. Wisely he did his National Service-mostly in the Middle East- proceeding to Oxford in 1949. After a year he showed his quality by his Lothian Prize Essay, and last June got the best first in the History School. It is many a long year since a Canterbury Scholar has been elected to a Prize Fellowship of All Souls. The School sends him warmest congratulations, and hearty thanks, for he has secured for us all a whole holiday. All Souls

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Burrows' Worthies of All Souls (1874, p. 1(6) shows that it was the Canterbury desire of Archbishop Parker that the School should be linked with and All Souls the College as was Eton with King's, or Winchester with New College. On 23rd January, 1574, Richard Hovenden, the great Warden who governed All Souls from 1571 to 1614, made a note that a building to the South-West of the College Chapel, then IIsed for Chapla ins' lodgings and on the site of the present eighteenth-century Cloister, had been converted from a storehollse in 1570, "when the Abp. Mat. Parker, meaning to convert the Choristers' places into Scholarships to be elected out of Canterbury School, caused Dr. Barbel', the then Warden, and the Company to build that lodging that room might be in the Quadrangle for the Scholars. So it was begun 1571 ; but being left off by reason of the Plague was ended 1572; and touching the Scholarships nothing done at the writing hereof." A later entry in the same account book at All Souls reads: "Nor is li ke hereafter, the Abp. being long dead, who departed 18 May, 1575." A paper of 1612 shows that All Souls was then educating thirty-one servientes or poor scholars besides the forty Fellows and the Chapel staff; but it is not known that any of these servientes came from Canterbury, and soon after Hovenden's death the undergraduate element in the College was reduced to four Bible Clerks. These disappeared in 1927, and to-day Âˇthe College consists of a Warden and fifty Fellows, about half of whom reside in Oxford. A connexion with Canterbury is preserved by the fact that the Archbishop is always the Visi tor, and by the memory of Archbishops Sheldon and Lang, who were devoted Fellows as well as VISItors of All Souls. People are very kind to us. Several parents have, since last Speeches Day, Generous undertaken to provide new Fours and Eights; in the term Colonel and Donors Mrs. Burgess have sent us a considerable quantity of superb furniture; Mr. Ryeland has furnished the Societies' Room with a perfectly beautiful XVIII century table; and as we write these notes Mr. H . E. Bates has delivered to us a collection of his own books, some of which are not obtainable. We were genuinely sorry to read of the death of this kindly author, which occurred in August last. His writing did much for the young (and the not-soyoung) over many long years. He was a warm-hearted, genuine man, and a loyal friend. Many O.K.S. will recall his talk during the War to us all assembled in the large garage at Carlyon Bay-that garage which served us as Chapel, Assembly Hall, Lecture Hall and all the rest. He endeared himself to us all. After the War he came again-this time to Canterbury; and little did we think it would be the last time, . Jeffery Farnol

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Morris Gelsthorpe is resigning his See of the Sudan, and is soon to take up other work as assistant-bishop in the Diocese of Southwell. In October he was unanimously and cordially elected a Governor of the School, of which he is so proud and for which he has done much. He wrote : "I do not know when I have received news which has made me so happy"; and that is some measure of the man, of the School, and of his affection and devotion to it. The Bisho[l in the Sudan

Our new Governors, Lord Harris and Mr. Harold Nicolson, were both in place at the last meeting; and it was wonderfully good to see also Mr. Somerset Maugham, looking none the worse for his serious operation, and indeed, rather better. Governors

We congratulate the Reverend Geoffrey Soden, O.K.S., on his Life of Godfrey Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester. Goodman, who lived from 1583- 1656, is said to be the only Anglican bishop since the Reformation who is genera lly reported to have died in the Roman obedience. Mr. Soden's book is to be published by the S.P.C.K. in the New Year at the price of 42/-.

A New Book

The Bishop- better known to liS as Humphry Beevor-is in Portugal, learning the language before proceeding to his diocese in Portugllese East Africa. RUIllOllr has it that he is sta rtlingly fluent. He hopes to spend a few days with us before he actually sails, during which time he will once more preach to liS, but not, it is thought, in Portuguese.

The Bishop of Lebombo

A great many O. K.S. will remember how wonderfully arranged the Cathedral flowers have been for years past. This was the work and the love of Mrs. Ferguson, who died early in October. She was the widow of Dr. Fergnson, and their son Ross came to the School in 1911. He was a Monitor, in the XV and the IV ; and went straight from the O.T.C. Camp in August, 1914 to join up. He was killed in France the next year, four days before he was 18 years of age. May father, mother and son be in God's peace. Mrs. Ferguson

We congratulate John Phillips on playing at Lord's for the Southern Schools against the Rest in early August : he took 4 wickets for 35 in the Rest 1st innings, after which the game was abando ned because of rain. In the next week he again appeared at Lord's for the Public Schools against the Combined Services. Here he took 4 for 40 in the Services' 2nd innings. The Kentish papers were quick to notice that Phillips was the only boy chosen from any Kent Schools. We were also glad to see that David Moor played for a Kent side agai nst a Dutch touring Xl; and R. A. Lawrence was picked for the Essex Young Amateurs against the Young Amateurs of Bucks. We also would wish to congratulate Group Captain M. D. Ommanney Promotion on his promotion to the rank of Acting Air Commodore. He was at School from 1917 to 1921, when he was in the XV, the IV, and got his Sports Colours. From School he went to Cranwell, being in the XV and the Athletics team there. During the War he was an Air Staff Officer at H.Q. No. 3 Group, Bomber Command, and later served in India. He has now been appointed Director of Organisation at the Air Ministry. Cricket

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THE CANTUARIAN

Olympic Medals

Three people only of Kent won Olympic Medals ; so wrote the Kent Messenger of August 1st, and one of them wa s our R. O. A. Norris, familiarly called "Dickie" by the newspaper man. We are proud to see the good reports of The Times on his and Pat Walker's games for Oxford this term.

From the Kent M essenger, July 25th :" On public view for the first time at the " Canterbury in the first Elizabethan period" exhibition, arranged in connection with the Canterbury 1952 Festival, is a number of discoloured parchment rolls recently discovered in the city archives. One of them contains the interesting entry of an annual scholarship grant of ÂŁ4 when young Christopher was at the King's School, Canterbury, in 1579. He was then 14-15 years old. John Marlowe, the poet' s father, is mentioned on a list of arms in the hands of private citizens in Westgate Ward. Against his name are a bow, a brown bill and a skull (steel cap). He is also shown on a muster roll as an archer in the "train-band"- incidentally, the predecessors of The Buffs. In his "second platoon" , John is fifth on the roll. This was in 1588, the year of the Great Armada. Although a shoemaker, John Marlowe would seem to have been a man of no mean education, for he was clerk and churchwarden in his pa rish of St. George's- the church was destroyed in the 1942 blitz- and his signature appea rs on a presentment made to the Archdeacon of Canterbury reporting the financial affairs of the parish to be satisfactory."

Christopher Marlowe

The O.K.S. Annual Dinner will be held at The Park Lane, Hotel, Piccadilly on Wednesday, 7th January, 1953. All O.K.S. who are keen to hear the latest news of the School and its prospects for the future are earnestly asked to come. Annual Dinner

On August 23rd, 1830, a King's Scholar was admitted; his name was Nelson Castle Southey, the son of Thomas Southey, Captain R.N., and he was born in Cumberland. He left School in the Summer of 1833, and seems to have died soon after, for in the old MS. Register that sad event is noted, though the date is now not to be deciphered. What relation was he to the Poet Laureate, who also lived in Cumberland? And was he named Nelson, in honour of Robert Southey's famous Life of that national hero, or because of his father's admiration for the Admiral? Here is an opportunity for our genealogical experts. Turn over a few pages of the Register, and you come upon another. This entry is of Thomas Castle Southey, son of the Captain R .N. But his place of birth is given as Newlands in Cumberland in 1824 ; and everyone knows that Newlands is, so to speak, a stone's throw from Keswick, where Robert the poet lived till he died in 1843 . It is all too much to be mere coincidence. Perhaps the naval Captain was the poet's brother. The young Thomas was here from 1833 to 1840, when he went to Queen's College, Oxford, where he was a Scholar and later Fellow. The Southey Family

THE

CANTUARIAN

"But Reed (St. Catherine's), following, eliminated his man with a vicious left hook to the jaw during the first round." (From the Cambridge Review, under "Amateur Boxing" .) We are, of course, glad to know that our Robert Reed is so splendid a boxer, but bappy that we did not know bis full prowess at School!

The hazardous career of Schoolmastering

Elsewhere is reviewed a new book, The Forsaken Idea, which is a study of the ideas which governed Lord Milner's life. It is written by Edwa rd Crankshaw, who has lately become a Trustee of the Milner Memorial Fund, and therefore happily is now connected with us. The kindness of Lady Milner has prompted her to present copies to the Milner Scholars. When study is made of the achievements of the Milner Scholars at School and University- to which we now must add David Edwards' Fellowship at All Souls'- there cannot be the least doubt as to the wisdom of those who inaugurated this magnificent method of commemo rating the life and devotion to Country and Empire of Alfred, Viscount Milner.Lord Milner

A Portrait

We understand tbat at tbe request of the O.K.S. Committee the Headmaster is sitting to Mr. Anthony Devas for his portrait.

Ordination

Peter Hammond is being ordained in the Cathedral this month; he will be Curate of Willesborough.

A. L. Turnbull (K.S. 1885- 1890) has most kindly sent to the Library another copy of his delightful book on Bird Music. In an interesting letter he tells us that the house which is now the Western half of the Dining Hall was inhabited by Mr. Minor Canon Gray; that boys never passed through the Forrens arch; a nd that Charles Knapp (K.S. 1888- 1893) was credited with having made a tunnel from his "Middle Back" study under the passage floor to "Mid-front" where A. L. T urnbull and H. S. S. Parker reigned as Monitors. Mr. Turnbull was in the XV, and Captain of it in 1889 : he played later for Liverpool R.F.C. We are delighted that he is in good health, a nd would much like to know of any contempo raries who survive. Mr. Somerset Maugham happily does, and we think General J. R. RowanRobinson and Colonel E. G. Evans do; Dr. C. E. Etheridge lives still at Whitstable; Sir Morris Carter and Sir Cuthbert Headlam, are, we think, in good state, though we regret to have learned recently of the illness of Alfred Johnson. We hope that many others of those days are alive and in health, and to see them at "Speeches" would give us great pleasure. From the 1880's

Cambridge Rowing

We are extremely glad to see that J. M. Brown is rowing in the Senior Trial Eight.

Chiasmus ! "To teach us more 'prae' a Gross we require; To teach us twelve twelves we've a Prior."

Some Progress

"In the past few with Classics could cope, And no joy from our Art could we gain : We now do our Latin with Hope, But we still do our Art with Payne." 19

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THE CA N TUARIAN

A thrilling story of escape from Oflag lVc, published recently by Hodder The Colditz and Stoughton, in which an OX.S. , Major R. R. F. T. Barry, figures Story prominently. Major Barry was here from 1922- 1927 ; was in the XV, played two seasons in the Kent Public Schools XV, and subsequently joined the Grenadier Guards.

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Sic Itur ad Astronomiea ....

Quot pueros adhibere potest Schola Regia, quaeso? Trecentosne licet? lam tot habere placet. Adsunt trecenti. Quadringentosne Iicebit Excipere? Excepit congemuitque domus. Sint modo quingenti! Plures tamen usque negamus Adfore; quingentos excipietne domus? Quingentos cepit; sescentos nonne tenebit? Quid valet is numerus? Non numeranda cohors!

1'H E C A w l' UARIA N

KING'S WEEK Festivals spring up like groundsel in an ilI-kempt garden, and it needs a fair excuse to justify another. This is more necessary than ever in Canterbury where the civic festival and the Cricket Week in themselves provide a wide variety of entertainment and jollification. Yet all previous events of this kind in Canterbury fall into one or both of two cla ssifications: first, entertainment brought in from outside; secondly, providing one's own entertainment, but in a parochial and sentimental-pseudo-historical m~.o.ner. In King's Week, we had the millimum of the first and none of the faults of the second. The Week centred on the play, Henry IV, which was played six times to everincreasing audiences. The welcome with which it was received was a merited compliment to a great deal of hard work; the whole production-or, as the French so much more appropriately call it, la mise-en-stene- was superb ..... but I trample 011 the toes of another correspondent, whose careful eye will, no doubt, have noticed many a professional point that I in my ignorance missed. The Orchestra appeared three times in five days, twice alone and once with the Choral Society. The School did not know whether to laugh or cry when the announcement of this programme was made, for ilie task seemed impossible and to court failure. The magnificent results which they in fact achieved were due to the absolute determination of Mr. Boyle and his assistants a nd the constant co-operation of the Orchestra in endless rehearsals. Their performances of The Lark Ascending and Grieg's Piano Concerto were outstanding, especially' for the confidence of the players. But here again a more competent and critical witness has written in greater detail further on, both about the concerts and about Messiah. I was not able to listen to Messiah, being in the choir, but it seemed a triumph. The Cailiedral reacts peculiarly to orchestral music, giving it a celestial timbre of great loveliness, but even so, it cannot of itself make music fine. The orchestra's performance fully justified both the setting of the Nave and the enormous concourse of people who came to hear it. Some of the strings were playing continuously, but never did they descend to mere repetition of the notes. As for the choir, the wonderful smile that came over Mr. Boyle's face as we broke into Hallelujah made us feel that we were not failing to make it into a great musical offering in gratitude for a wonderful week. Messiah was the climax of the main events which the School produced for the Week, but there were certain subsidiary arrangements, to say nothing of two first-class shows given by visitors. These demand our attention first. The recital of opera music by Mozart was the opening event of the Week. The Marriage of Figaro and Cosi Fan Tutti were both given, each in abbreviated form . The gaps in the plots were filled by programme-notes, and thus we were able to hear at one sitting all the best music of the two operas. Although the whole was rather too long, and although it might perhaps have been preferable to hear one opera more fully than snatches from both, it stands out as an exceptional afternoon's music. The singers were from Sadlers Wells: Miss Eleanor Houston, Miss Elsie Morison, Miss Elizabeth Robinson, Miss Marjorie Shires, Mr. Arnold Matters (who arranged and directed tbe performance), Mr. Gerald Davies and Mr. Dennis DOWling. The costume and the settings were simple but well-conceived, and the singing quite excellent. Mr. Albert Knowles accompanied the operas throughout. 21

THE CANTUA RIAN

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On the Wednesday afternoon, Mr. Gilbert Harding and Mr. Jack Morpurgo again led a team of gentlemen giving Expert Advice. Besides themselves, the team comprised Sir Compton Mackenzie, Mr. Collin Brooks (Editor of Truth), and Mr. Sean Fielding (Editor of The Tatler), with Mr. Corner as Question-Master. The questions were as usual chosen from a wide range, and though one or two to uched rather delicate points of individual conviction, the generality of replies was both instructive and amusing. The interest taken by the public is shown by the rapidity with which the limited number of seats was sold, and by the vociferous applause and even outspoken criticism with which several of the answers were received. No festival col~d be complete without Mr. Purcell and the Band ; they gave two most pleasant afternoon concerts, once in the Baptistry Garden and once on the Oaks. The open air is a more appropriate medium for the Band than formal indoor concerts. It was quite delightfw to lie under a tree and to listen to their music. What else was there? There was an interesting show of photography and printing, the annual exhibition by the Natural History Society (better than ever), and the art exhibition, all of which will be found mentioned elsewhere. And then there seemed to be a great deal of chair-shifting and table-lifting, to say nothing of the incomparable excitement of eating in a tent. All the same, however incoherent and disjointed it may seem 10 have been, the whole week was knit into one, both by the constant pleasure and enjoyment which was there to be had, and no less by the co-operation of so many individuals which lay behind every part of it; And so the term moved rapidly to Speeches Day. P.H.M.

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HENRY IV

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Throughout the King's Week of Music and Drama the dramatic element was supplied every night by a performance of Henry IV-Part I, with three scenes from Part 2 as epilogue. It cannot be easy, especially in the final weeks of a Summer Term, to maintain the standa rd reached three years ago in Hamlet, or last year in The Merchant a/ Venice; but Michael Mayne, O.K.S ., who produced it, in no way let the standard down. It was a remar kable achievement in which were involved in all 70 boys; as actors, as artists under the di rection of another Cambridge O.K.S., Malcolm Burgess, as musicians who shared a minstrels' gallery in incongruous harmony with the electricians, as carpenters and stage-hands; and not least of those who contributed to the success of the production were the mistresses of the wardrobe. Mayne and Burgess, whose toast should be coupled with that of the Headmaster and David Lawrence, are to be congratulated on the smooth and balanced production of the play, and on the splendour and colour of the setting. Henry IV is nominally a history play. It has its full quota of Westmorelands, Lancasters, Vernons, and such-like colourful nobility, with an archbishop to boot ; it has a stagebattle with no little danger to the participants; it has a single combat in which the head that foul rebellion has reared is put in its p lace at the cost of some rare gashes. But in fact the play is Falstaff. If, as seems unlikely, Shakespeare was addicted to nerves, he must have been a nervous wreck at the premiere of Henry V, in which he completed the story of Prince Hal without the relief of the groundlings' favourite. As Falstaff, N. C. G. Raffle was in the top class, a fact that was confirmed on Speech Day when he, aided. by some of his iniquitous companions, played a part of the Tavern scene without the

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TH E CANTUARIAN

extraneous aids of make-up and cushions. He was the old rascal compact of lies, cunning, sack, bragging, and a highly developed instinct of self-preservation; and yet the sweet, kind, true, valiant, plump Jack Falstaff whom all English people have always loved as the epitome of English humour. Mayne himself played Prince Hal, with a more polished technique but less natural freshness than the rest of the cast. It is an almost impossible part to make truly effective and credible; and Mayne was at his best when he foreshadowed his coronation and when princely dignity was the prevailing note-the sweetest prince, perhaps, but not the rascalist ; and it is doubtful whether the drawers would have voted him their sworn brother. But Mayne's experience and competence both on the stage and as producer held the play and players together. Hal's opposite number, Hotspur, was played by D. J. C. Snoxall. His was in its way one of the most effective, and the most moving, of all the performances in the play. He was not the Hotspur that Shakespeare created, who sho uld surely have been a rather ridiculous counterpart of Hal, a provincial prince of discourtesy who kills his six or seven dozen of Scots at a breakfast. Snoxall was far from that ; he made the part his own, and we can only be glad that he did so. Of the minor parts, B. D. S. Lock, as Francis, was grand fun. Sometimes he stole a laugh out of turn, bnt his foolery remains one of the memorable features-and features is the word-of the play. W. E. Eustace was a curiously effective Glendower in an Anglo-Welsh of his own, but with a Eustacian aura which pervaded his brief mystical appearances. II. N . Collins, as the Hostess, was as skittish and treble as the part may require. Falstaff's disreputable companions all helped the party to go with a swing; and the Lord Chief Justice in the person of D . S. Jenkins looked as if it was time the whole thing ended. But on the stage and in the audience his was tbe only dissentient face; and even he would admit that of the good things for which "King's Week" will be remembered not least will be the performances of Henry IV. S.S.S.

CAMPING IN CANTERBURY While our readers were passing to and fro round the Precincts to hear our various musical and dramatic offerings, we were being unexpectedly turbulent; we suddenly uprooted ourselves from the Dining-Hall so that we might have the pleasure and experience of eating in a tent. Though there was a certain air of expectancy at the Tuesday breakfast, and tho ugh we imagined Miss Swayne taking ber meal rather like the Passover "with ber loins girded, her shoes on her feet and her staff in her hand (and ye shall eat it in haste),', everyone surveyed the prospect of moving a few odd tables and a bench or two with the utmost complacency. A few fags will soon have it done . . ... We will try to forget the first few hours of noble struggle which went into attempts to take the tables down the steps, as one by one they got inextricably (or so it seemed) fixed in the corner of the staircase. But mind, as always, was master of matter and someone thought of removing a window. Full marks to that man! The benches were securely fastened to pieces of string and gingerly lowered to the ground. But it is a long way to the ground, and what does for benches does not always do for a refectory table some thirty feet in length. Resourceful as ever, the management

THE CANTUARIAN

summoned a lorry, which arrived 'Vore promptly than the fire-engine . A slippery bench was put up between the lorry and the window, and tables, legs and benches started coming down like peas out of a pea-shooter. Conversely to the scientific principle, what goes down must go up; a happy hour was spent putting up into tables the complicated pile of woodwork that had accumulated . Time flies, and before long it was midday. Dorothy Sayers, speaking of the inimitable Bunter, says there are only two essential things which must never be forgotten; Death and the servants' dinner. It was time for the latter. And so it was that I came to be initiated into table-lay ing. To do it at speed is more of an art than it looks. Perhaps one would learn with practice. Anyhow, we were there, and indeed ea ting in a tent proved to be very pleasant. It was all too short. On Friday the whole process was put into reverse, but experience tells and it was relatively simple. But it is so much easier to shoot a table down a slippery plank than to push it up again.

SPEECHES " ... I can't tell you what a week we had of it, and then Speeches at the end !"

I take as my text this sentence from last term's issue of The Cantuarian because it so accurately emphasizes the dangers which menaced this year's Speech Day. For most schools speech-day is an inevitable bore, but mitigated by the fact that it is also the culmination of the school year and the day of judgement for the School and its activities. But the Monday after King' s Week was not the day to choose if such was to have been the quality of our Speech Day. It was gratifying on this account to find that July 28th passed off so well. Where a governor's speech, a headmaster's eulogy and a tedious distribution of prizes would have fallen so flat, the Honours List and few words spoken by the head of our Governors, the Headmaster's customary piece and the traditional one-act Speeches in English, Greek, French, and now, for the first time, Russian were singularly in place. The audience, crushed and perhaps after the average Speech Day luncheon, even comatose, sat and enjoyed- as they were bound to- the Dean's recitation of honours gained by the O.K.S., ranging from Somerset Maugham to gallant yo un g men in Korea; then the Headmaster and his happily swift presentation of prizes; and finally the Speeches. In Greek they heard a scene from Aristophanes' Acharnians scrambled through amusingly enough and too quickly for boredom to set in: in French, a scene from the almost traditional Voyage de M . Perrichon- still a good choice; in Russian, the proposal scene from Gogol's Inspector-Genera/left a marvellous impression; the parts sounded fluent- although, of course, to the majority of those present they might well have been the Russian alphabet- and even a certain Slavism was somehow inculcated into court dresses in the Chapter House of an English Cathedral; and finally, by a very special request, the tavern scene of Henry IV was repeated as the English Speech. Its success can be gauged by the ease with which the scene was recreated, although Falstaff was in court dress and Hal in a dark sui!. And so to the Garden Party: the sun shone, though the wind blew; the Gentlemen of the Upper Sixth paraded; and from the edge of the Green Court the Band boomed over what has always turn~d out to be a disparaged success. J. DE V,A. 24

tHE CANTUARIAN

ACADEMICAL AND OTHER DISTINCTIONS GAINED 1951-2 T. H. BIRNBERG D. R. BRIGGS ... C. A. R. HOARE l. C. MACPHERSON F. G . J . NORTON D. J . C. SNOXALL P. J. BILLINGHURST G . H. WATKINS D. R. BRIGGS ... D. L. COUR"I:IER-DUTTON D. S. JENKINS .. . D . M. WRIGHT D. J. C. SNOXALL C. A. R. HOARE J. L. A. GIMBLBTT A. M . J. HALSEY D . L. COURTIER-DUTTON J. E. INGLETON W. G. WATKINS R. A. M. BASTER J. F. FOSTER ... R. M . BUTLER

W. SOMERSET MAUGHAM P. J. C. BRUNET

State Scholarship. State Scholarship. State Scholarship. State Scholarship. State Scholarship. State Scholarship. Cadetship, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurs!. Cadetship, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurs!. Open Scholarship in Science to Pembroke College Cambridge. ' Parker Exhibition in Mathematics to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Ford Studentship in History to Trinity College, Oxford. Yarborough Anderson Scholarship, Inner Temple. Postmastership in History to Merton College, Oxford. Open Exhibition in Classics to Merton College, Oxford. Meyricke Exhibition in History to Jesus College, Oxford . Choral Scholarship to King's College, Cambridge. Open Scholarship in Mathematics to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Open Scholarship in History to Hertford College, Oxford. Open Exhibition in History to University College, Oxford. Open Violin Scholarship to the Royal College of Music. Kitchener Scholarship. Grainger Prize for Anatomy at St. Thomas's Hospital, London. Doctor of Letters (Hon.), University of Oxford. Browne Research Fellowship, Queen' s College, Oxford. Military Cross. Mentioned in despatches. Created Knight Bachelor.

LIEUT. E. P. WALSH, R.A. MAJOR A. M. LANGLANDS MAJOR H. L. JOSEPH .. . MAJOR-GENERAL J. E. WITT, C.B.E., M.C., late R.A.S.C. ... . .. Created C.B. C. F. M. N. RYAN, C.M.G., D.S.O., M.C. Created C.B. H.M. Charge d'Affaires in Korea, created C.B. E. A. C. S. ADAMS Military Cross. CAPT. R . H . S. IRVINE Military Cross. LIEUT: J. C. CAIGER ... Mentioned in Despatches and Military Cross. 2ND LIEUT. A. P . TOWELL 25

'THE CANTU ARIA N

CAROL REED ... ALFRED LoUIS CH ICK H. I. DUCK

J. K. EBBUTT ...

'" ''"" Ii:

III

'" I!I

III

J. B. H. JA CKSON C. M. REEVES ...

1.. A. O. HALSEY

•••

W. J. F. RAY ...

::;

" '" '"" '"' ..

I ;~

II • III

D. H . P. MAYB URy-LEWIS

I I'

Created Knight Bachelor. Created K.B.E. Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge; 1st Class Honours in French, Mediaeval and Modern Languages Tripos, Pt. I. Exhibitioner of E mman uel College, Cambridge; 2nd Class Honours, Div. I , Mediaeval and M odern Languages Tripos, Pt. II. Scholar of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 2nd Class Honours, Div. I, Mediaeval and Modern Languages Tripos, Pt. II. Queens' College, Cambridge; 2nd Class Honours, Law Tripos, Pt. II. Scholar of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; Honours, Mathematical Tripos, Pt. III. Choral Scholar of Ki ng's College, Cambridge ; 2nd Class Honours, English Tripos, Pt. I. Wadham College, Oxford ; 2nd Class Honours, Final Honour School of Natural Science (Engineering Science).

PRESENT HOLDERS OF EXHIBITIONS AND GIFTS EDMUND DAVIS EXHIBITION ... LEATHERSELLERS' EX HIBITION BUNCE EXHIBITION ROSE EXHIBITION STANHOPE EXH IBITION O.K.S. GIFT ... SHEPHERD GIFT GILBERT G IFT ... WAD DINGTON GIFT ANDERSON WAR MEMORIAL GIFT

J. J. Bradley, Middlesex Hospital, London. W. J. F. Ray, Wad ham College, Oxford. C. G . S. Paterson, Jesus College, Cambridge. R. G. White, Selwyn College, Cambridge. R. D . H. Roberts to Jesus College, Cambridge. H. J. Frampton to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. D. S. Jenkins, Ford Student of Trinity College, Oxford. J. H. Ingleton, Scholar of Hertford College, Oxford. W. G. Watkins, Exhibitioner of University College, Oxford. P. J. Billinghurst, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst.

PRIZES 1951-52 S. Young S. Young C. A. R. Hoare N. H. Nicholls VI : B. D. S. Lock V: N. H . Nicholls D. L. Courtier-Dutton N. H . H. Graburn

Captain's Prize (Mitchinson) Lady D avidson Prize Classical (Broughton) Greek Prose (Dean Farrar) Latin Prose (Horsley) Mathematics (Mitchinson) ... Natural Science (Mifchinson) 26

THE CAN TUARIAN

Modern Languages (Mitchinson) ... (Seral/on)

H . J. Frampton S. 1.. M. Sander Senior: {M. D: M annin g-Press D . Chft Junior: C. R. Grainger .. . B. D . S. Lock B. D . S. Lock ... { D . A. Childs Senior: D. H. Taylor Junior: S. C. Hardisty R. A. M. Baster ... { P. J. Allen R . G. Milne VI: D . S. Jenkins V: W. A. H. Bodger J. A. Rowe ... { W. J. Lancashire B. G . H. Page-Thomas Senior: M. C. Patterson Junior : M. J. Gregory ... Open: B. I. G. Hyatt Lower: C. R. Grainger

Reading (Harvey Boys) Latin Verse (Blore) .. . Greek Verse .. . Music (Ryley)

(Courtney) Natural History Parra matta Prizes History (Stanley) English (Evans) Gough Prizes Drawing Prizes Divinity Prizes: VI (Broughton) V (Marshall Wi/Ii) Lower (Lady Hertslet) Blore Prize ... Streatfeild Prize Merton College Prizes: History Science Alan Baker Prize ... Oliver Johnson Gift H . V. Crawford Prizes : VI .. . V .. . Lower J. Crawford Prizes:

... '

D. C. K. D. G.

S. Jenkins

R. Sinclair H . Bingham H. Taylor M. Hamber

D. J. C. Snoxall D. R. Briggs M. D. Manning-Press D. R. Briggs D. J. C. Snoxall J. D. Bell J. R. 1.. Petherbridge

VI .. . V .. .

J. E. Ingleton A. Seal J. R. 1.. Petherbridge B. 1. G . H yatt N. J. B. Wright B. K. Jeffery C. J. Bell

Lower Cathedral Prizes Geoffrey Wells Prize Latin Prizes : VI .. .

C. A. R. Hoare N . H . Nicholls P. K. R. Ross

V .. .

Lower ~7

~ I

THE CANTUARJAN

Greek Prizes: VI .. . V .. . Lower Mathematics Prizes (Harrison): VI .. .

V .. . Lower French Prizes (Greaves): VI .. .

V .. . Lower German Prizes (Greaves): VI .. .

V .. . Lower Science Prizes: VI ... V (Physics) (Chemistry) (Biology) Lower English Pri7Os: VI ... V (Galpin) .. . Lower History Prizes: VI ...

V (Gordon) Lower GeQgraphy Prizes: V (Gordon) Lower Fifth Form prizes ...

Lower School Prizes

...

C. A. R. Hoare W. N. Wen ban-Smith F. D. Pilcher F . G. J. Norton J. D. B. Walker P. G. W. C. Flashman T . H. Birnberg J. R. M. Harvey F. D. A. Maplethorp

R. W. E. Greenhaw J. R. Tilman B. K. Je/fery D. R. Briggs G. S. Spath is A. J. Briggs D. Moor C. P. Cowper D. J. C. Snoxall S. P. Jones M. J. A. Anderson D. J. C. Snoxall Po N. Baumann ... { W. E. S. Thomas R. J. Jell F. D. Woodrow D. G . M. Scott G. C. Fletcher N. H. Nicholls M. S. Reid J. A. Fletcher E. T. Laker J. C. Alabaster S. Collier B. K. Jeffery C. R. Alabaster D. J. Loveridge F. D. A. Ma plethorp J.D. Richardson J. M. Skinner G. P. H. Duerinckx

D. C. V, F~rr"nt

'l'HS CAN'tUARIAN

Lower School Prizes continued

M. E. W. Vincent D. J. Williams T. H. Davy D. J. Walter W. O. Stanley H. G. Williams P. F. Valpy G. E. Marsh Anniversary Preacher: REV. B. J. WIOAN, M.A., O.K.S., Vicar of East Mailing (The List of anniversary Preachers dates from 1714)

THE ART AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITIONS 'there is in regard to Art a persistent and a profound dichotomy of appraisal and appreciation. Portraits are esteepl~d only as likenesses and acquire high cash va lues or become mere attic clutter at 'the dealer's whim. Representations of places and of buildings are judged and appraised in much the same fashion . By similar standards Itl a Persian Market might at present dominate the concert programme: it is a topical, evocative, accomplished piece of craftsmanship. Leaving to Rousseau and Joad the nuive belief that "natural" man is instinctively an artistwe may rightly regret the deplorable taste.of men of culture nowhere m?re evident thatt In the Halls and Commoh Rooms of tJftlversities. Blackened masterpIeces Jostle cheek by jowl with bahnl insipldities and all go unregarded. Acts of piety they may be or tributes to success, as works of art they count for nothing since the sensitivity of their custodians has never been aroused . Observe the man of a/fairs emerging from his villa replete with all modern conveniences but graceless in form and monstrous in detail and draw your conclusions. It is comforting therefore that King's should take its art seriously, practising to draw and to paint, and gratifying to have the results of a year's work on show in a dignified way and a worthy setting. The study of English does not surfeit the world with auth ors but it does ensure that literature will be prized and critically regarded: the practice of art can only do the same. Itt Lardergate there was much to admire and not all that which was most obvious. WOrk by Eustace and Hyatt Wdll instant praise for its accomplishment : such virtuosity with water-colour astonishes as it charms. But Riceman's Flood and Walker's Judgement Da)! presage perhaps more ptofurtdity of feeling as did works by Grainger and Woollcott. Fletcher's serapernoard work itt lJIackÂˇandÂˇ White and Wilkinson's Poster deserved and won applause. Photography, despite the claims made for it, is a skill rather than an art: the exponent is not deeply enough involved. In the Photographic section there was mnch enthusiasm and some skill, but perhaps too little consideration of those matters of design and composition which so much concern the artist. It would pay another year to give more attention to display for then a scrappy collection could achieve the dignity of an Exhibition, R. W. PAINS.

1'1

.i!"

::":~ ::

'"M

THE C ANTUARIAN

THE STARS IN THEIR COURSES "Stars, my boy, stars !" How well I remember my grandfather, your great-&randfather,

saying, "Many a life has been saved ~Y the stars". He was an encyclopaedla of yarn~;

"Had they not been in the heavens, neither yo ur father nor yo u would ever have hved. "1 was mate on the A lasloI', a barque of about 96.0 tons, and the best ~ree-master that ever sailed over the ocean." He puffed Ius pipe pensively as old salts do. We were bound that trip for Christchurch. We had scarcely rounde~ the Cape, when our Captam, old Tom Staples, died suddenly of some damned plague. "But the stars, grandpa, the stars?" I interrupted. "From then onwards", the old man resu~ed, ,"our luc,k was out. We ran, into a

magnetic storm, which besides making the ship pitch so. VIOlently, that the mam-mast came adrift, and shattered the wheel-house, put the devil himself mto the compasses. The sky was clouded over fo r a week. Day and night we were tossed round the Tasman Sea."

â&#x20AC;˘

His pipe now empty, he put it on the table. " On the eighth day the heavenly bodies appeared through the clouds. By them I learned we had been dn ven mto the Coral Sea and were hard by the reef on which so many a vabant ship had lost her bottom. And so you see, you young rogu~, that my life was saved by the stars." He put another log On the fire and, tireless yet, h~ rose to his fe~t. "Come on, my lad':: he said in a paternal manner. " Into the garden with you, and I II show you the stars. A. P. AVLlNG (14 years).

"TO ROME ON ÂŁ20" Outside Bordighera on the Halian Riviera I sat by the road on my rucksack and started hitch-hiking agai n. It was a strange reflection th~t this simple process of "thumbmg" had been sufficient to bring me thus far from Pans : and I was to go a long way yet. That evening I reached Genoa, along lovely stretches of road run rung between the steep, sunn y terraces planted with olives, and the glonously blue Mediterranean. Of towns there were few though spacious and not un-maJesltc white Villas were frequent. The next morning i made Milan, but I saw only the famous cathedral before I had to leave for Venice.

For time is a major factor in hitch:hiking:. otherwise one has great lassitude. Certai!lly the real pleasure lies in the uncertalllty of It-one can never b~ su~e where the commg night will find one-yet, for the majority the actual hltch-hlkmg IS only a method of travel, and, if any end is to be attained, e~er'j allowance of Itme must be made fo~ reaching some destination. True, however, smce It IS probably the !"eth~d of travel which brmgs one closest to the people in their native environments, hltch-hlkmg IS an end m Itself. 30

THE CANTUAR IA N

Venice I reached at 7.3.0 a.m.-there were numbers of transport lorries on the roads from Milan. I spent a very full day in Venice and again longed to spend many more : I did not leave, however, without making several trips through the canals in the gondolas. Two days later I reached Florence, and eventually entered Rome itself. When all was over there was much to remember and much that I could not forget, from the towers of Rome to those kind many who, when it was too late for lodging at a hostel, let me sleep in their cars. J.R.L.P. (The writer of the above is 16 years old, and contrived a Continental holiday of four weeks last Summer for ÂŁ2Q.-Eds.)

FINLAND My journey from England to the Gulf of Finland lay across the North Sea, through the Kiel Canal, across the Baltic, past the southern tip of Sweden and among the little forested islands around the Finnish coast, to Kotka. Nearly a week after I left Hull a soft glowing sunset bade me welcome to Kotka. The stillness of the water and the lovely evening was disturbed only by the little motor boats scuttling across Kotka's unfinished harbour. My hosts, Eric and Brita Sundgrist, arrived with their son Hans and drove me along the coast road to Helsinki. By Engli sh standards the roads in Finland are bad and this one was no exception. The Sundgrists were staying at their summer house on the island of Norrkulla, about twenty miles from Helsinki and we arrived there at two o'clock next morning and were lit to bed by the rising sun. Here for three weeks we led a lazy existence, fishing, sun bathi ng or going for trips in the motor boats; sometimes we went to the nearest mainland village, Gumbo, which consisted of a large jetty, a grocery store, a filling station and a few rickety old houses. Our small continental breakfast was at nine and we usually passed the morning swimming or cleaning the boats or visiting our neighbours. Food is more plentiful than in England. Fish is a staple part of the diet and is often eaten raw! Butter is consumed in large quantities and the Sundgrists were shocked at our meagre ratio n. They sent me home with two pounds of butter and three feet of bacon. The only rationed food is coffee and even that can be procured off the ration . Lunch was invariably followed by an afternoon nap and if we tired of swimming or fishing the warm sun could be quietly enjoyed on the broad red rocks all around the island . After an early supper we often passed the cool hours of the evening in their lovely garden and after dusk we talked or read until very late and ended the day with gay mugs of steaming coffee. On Saturday evenings we visited our nearest neighbours and used their Sama, the Finnish bath. Every house by the water in Finland has one of these small log huts with two rooms, the Sama room and the drying room with a large boiler. From the ho t, sweaty, sticky atmosphere of the Sama room I rushed out with the others and jumped into the icy sea water. I repeated the process, washed and a final dip concluded my novel bath. The whole process is very much more refreshing than an ordinary bath. On July 18th we returned to Helsinki for the Games and next day we went to the vast stadium for the opening ceremony. Hel sinki was buzzing with activity, its tree-lined avenues were crowded with visitors, its restaurants a humming muddle of different languages: the topic of every conversation was the Games. In the capital quaint trams are st iU in use and all the street names and many advertisements are in both Finnish and Swedish. for many Finns are now bi-Iingual. During the Olympics it was a common sight to see the athletes resplendent in their track suits, with their country's name emblazoned on their backs, strolling in Helsinki's busy streets. We used to go down to the Stadium most morni ngs at ten o'clock for the morning heats, and then return to our flat or a restaurant for lunch. The Games held our attention most afternoons until about six ; despite the monotony of American successes the events provided thrilling entertainment. The Olympics ended and we returned to the little house on Norrkulla to pack. I was to take the night express from Helsinki to Oulu and as we moved off from Helsinki's imposing station I sadly waved farewell to the Sundgrists, hoping that I should wake up in time to get off at Oulu. I did, and boarded the S.S. Wanda without mishap. My journey home began, and the fine weather I had enjoyed in Finland continued until we reached the North Sea . Exactly a week after leaving Oulu a Grimsby shrouded in fog bade me dq.bious welcome, and my unforgettable holiday was over.

!.D.B.W,

THE CANTUARIAN

THOMAS LINACRE AND HIS TIMES The gateway which opens on to the Green Court from the Dark ~ntry and which to-day houses the Walpole collection of manuscnpts IS known ~s Pnor Sellmg~gate, after its most famous occupant. It IS pleasant to thmk of WillIam de Selhn~ slttmg with his scholarly friends around the big open fireplace, discussing tOpICS which now seem scarcely of real importance. A stone's throw from Pnor Selhngegate IS a large house, once a canonical residence, and next term to be opened by the School as Lmacre House. Thomas Linacre was born in 1460, but of his birth a~d family little is known.. Our earliest knowledge of him is his attendance at the Ch~lst Chu~ch School,. wlthm the Precincts, where the tutor was William de Selling, whose birth also IS shroud<:d I~ mystery; his real name was William Ti lly, and of his parentage and <:ducatIOn nothlllg IS known. His adoption of the name of his birthplace- SeilIng: a pan~h between Canterbury and Faversham- and his position as Prior argue good bIrth, while Ill.S electIOn to a Fellowship at All Souls' College, Oxford, in about 1460 supports this view. PrI<?r SeilIng. died in 1494 on the an ni versary of the murder of St. Thomas Becket, and, In comph~n?e with the superstition of the time, was buried in the Martyrdom of the Cathedral, wlthm a few feet of the spot where Thomas was struck down . The young Thomas Linacre was sent to Oxford by, Selling, and thro~gh his rec?mmendation Linacre too became a Fellow of All Souls. At this pomt, It IS convernent further to consider Linacre's origins, for as Joh~ Noble Johnson pomted ?ut, H~nry Chichele's Statutes, which founded the Fellowships ten years before Selll~g selectIon, demanded consanguinity with the founder. Johnson argues that, as nothmg IS known certainly of the birth of either Selling or Lmacre, they may have been III some. way related. This may be feasible, but doubt is ~trengthened by the fact that WillIam LatImer, also of Canterbury, obtained an All Souls Fellowship m 1489. It appears more h~ely that the demand for blood relationship had been discarded and that Lmacre, and possibly Latimer too, were elected on Selling's recommendation. Dr. Caius, Linacre's. Fellow at the Royal College of Physicians, who may be supposed to have had rehable mformation, said that Linacre was born at Canterbury. Archdeacon Denn<:, m a, letter to the Reverend Mr. Pegge in 1741 , discussed at length the eVidence as to Lmacre s bIrthplace. It was not certain that he was born in Canterbury though he was ahnost sure th~t he was born in Kent. There were two further reasons to support tillS view. FIrSt, If he was born as far off as Derbyshire, which Holinshed tried to prove, p~oblems ,?f travel wo,:,ld have made it unlikely that he would have gamed the whole of his edu~atIOn fro~ Pnor Selling at Canterbury. Secondly, he purchased the Manor of Tracles m Newmgton near Sittingbourne, which he would hardly hav~ done had his family not been connecte? with Kent. John Denne concluded that "Kent IS ye County where Lmacre first drew his breath". Prior Selling was a man of sufficient eminence to be invited by He.nry VII, on the advice of William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, to lead a legatIOn to the Pope. On this journey he was accompanied by the young Lmacre. The Renaissance had many delights in store for the young man, and It was truly a Journey mto a picture. He left Selling at Bologna, where he met the great scholar Agnolo PohtIan from whom he acquired an increased knowledge of the. Latm tongue. Soon after, Lmacre was welcomed illlO the household of Lorenzo de MediCI.

THE CANTUARIAN

Lorenzo like most of the intellectuals of his age was interested in a great variety of activities; a sportsman, a man of letters, a polished gentleman, a great patron of the arts, his outstanding merit was his zest for life, as these lines of his show: Fair is youth and free of sorrow, Yet how soon its joys we bury: Let who would be now be merry; Sure is no~one of tomorrow. This was the spirit of the Renaissance; Lorenzo was the personification of its vigour. Movable type for printing had been invented in Germany in about 1450, and in 1471 books were being printed in Florence, where a beautifully bound edition of the works of Plato was published. While Linacre was still learning at Canterbury under Selling, new learning was being discovered and spread in Florence, where Lorenzo was fostering an Academy in which the teachers included Politi",l and Chalcondyles, a Greek well read in the ancient language of his race. From these great scholars, who were the tutors to Lorenzo's two sons, Piero and Giovanni, Linacre received instruction and became well acq uainted with both Latin and Greek. Lorenzo formed so high an opinion of the young Englishman that he requested him to pass his leisure hours in talk with his sons. Lorenzo patronized both Verrocchio and Botticelli, and it is not impossible that Linacre met them both and watched them at their work. Verrocchio, chiefly remembered for his great equestrian statue of the condottiere Colleoni, was Leonardo's master. Sandro Botticelli was a fat, jovial, little man who, with his soft colours and delicate touch, combined in a manner typical of the new humanism the Christian spirit with the new secular and pagan spirit. Gone is the holiness and simplicity of the Byzantine period; BotticeUi showed a more secular enthusiasm for life but the soft, quiet beauty of the Nativity or the Annunciation is worthy of the Christian idea. Men thought of all the gods and religions ever conceived of as in essence one. The world was an entity, every facet helping to complete the one whole. The classical learning was revived; men tended rather to the mystic Plato than to the rational Aristotle whom the scholastics had revered as the beginning and end of learning and wisdom. Linacre came into contact with these new ideas through the great schools of Florentine painting, architecture and sculpture. The architecture of Brunelleschi, Ghiberti and Donatello was fresh and bright in the warm Italian sunshine ; Giotto's lovely tower was standing in the centre of the city. When Linacre was at Florence, Leonardo was 23, Michelangelo was 10 and Raphael was only 2. There was much of interest, but the city had still to reach its peak of achievement. A place of such fasCinating novelty could not fail to influence a young man deeply. Days passed happily and busily. He spent some time at Rome with Hermolaus Barbarus, a man so typical of the virtues of this age that it is worth pausing to consider him; "he rose", says Johnson, "at eight; the first hour was spent in dressing and in taking refreshment: and at nine he took part in the sacred offices of the Church. His studies commenced at ten and were continued for five hours. Each hour had its allotted subject; to some part of the writings of Aristotle succeeded the orations of Demosthenes .... At three he dined; his diet was as primitive and frugal as his mode of life and the disposition of his time. A soft egg, figs, a pumpkin and fresh almonds with white bread and diluted red wine furnished his table. The ensuing hours till eight were devoted to business, to amusement or to contemplation... . As the evening advanced the number of his friends was increased and a purely literary conversation occupied the 33

"~I

tHE CANTUARIAN

attention of his guests until the hour of supper. The supper was marked by an equal frugality with the dinner, and was plain and easy of digestion. The first dish consisted of eggs, which were followed by various herbs with vinegar, oil, salt and a mixture of new wine. The more solid part of the repast was a young crane roasted, and the entertainment was concluded by a dessert of melons or apples. The day was terminated by a walk in his garden, and an hour and a half was dedicated to the study of plants.... " Of such a kind were Linacre's companions. After two years of delight in Florence and Rome, Linacre journeyed on to Padua. "Having laid in an uncommon, nay, the largest stock as well of Critical as Classical learning in his day ; he afterwards (and not before, as all good scholars ought) applied himself to the study of natural Philosophy and Medicine", wrote John Denne. At Padua he obtained a Doctorate in Medicine, and after returning to England graduated at Oxford an M~ D . . In time as in intellectual stature, Linacre was one of the first English humanists, bringing the discoveries of Renaissance Italy in classics and medicine to his own country. For he, his friend William Lilye and Grocyn were the first to spread the new learning in England. Grocyn too had studied under Politian and Chalcondyles and returned to Oxford where he read lectures in Greek at Exeter College. Lilye was the first teacher of Greek at St. Paul's School which John Colel had lately founded, while Linaere, by his translation of Proclus' Sphere was the first Englishman to translate a Greek work correctly after the revival of letters. He also taught Erasmus Greek and was the friend and preceptor of St. Thomas More, whose head lies in St. Dunstan's Church in Canterbury, while his wide experience and learning fitted him for so high a post as tutor to Henry VU's son, Arthur. . He abode at different times both at Oxford and Cambridge, not because of any quarrel or disagreement, but more probably because of outbreaks of the plague in Oxford, which drove students away for a time. Later on, he founded studentships in medicine at each of these universities and during bis life be provided tbe necessary stipends; at his death, bis estates were utilized to perpetuate his name in lectureships. He is, however, chiefly remembered as founder of "That Corporate Society in London which is called the College of Pbysicians, where he bimself was constituted ye first President. Their assemblys were beld in his own house which he bequeath'd to this community." He spread the knowledge of medicine mainly by translations of Galen and other works. He was himself personal physician to Henry vnr and to his daughter, Mary. It was rumoured that he incurred the royal disfavour at some time, but if his reputation ever sank, it was soon restored and Dr. Friend observed that "if such favours of ye court be not always thought the clearest proofs of personal merit, we have the concurrent testimony of the most knowing men among his contemporaries, tbat be was one of great natural sagacity and of a discerning judgement in his profession." Though the many activities of Linacre's earlier life bad forced him to neglect religious studies, ten years before his deatb he took Holy Orders. It is said that on reading tbe Sermon on the Mount, he reached the instruction: "Swear not at all" only to throw dowri his Bible with violence, and to declare with an oath that either tbis was not tbe Gospel or that we were not Christians. Suspect and doubtful as this story is, it does point 'to a man of analytical mind, free from the pious dogmatism that be had seen Cliscarde<rfn ftaly. .

I':

""It

[By perm, THOMAS LINACRE

0/ Royal College 0/ Physicians

it,

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On the twenty-first of October, 1524, Linacre died of an ulcerous complaint. His will, of slight importance (for the main body of his pqssessions. had already been given in lectureships or to the Royal College), tells us that he had a brother, also of the name of Thomas, and two sisters, Joan and Alice. He bequeathed " to my two neses; Agnes and Margaret, eche of them a bedde, with all things to it complete, after the discrecions of myn executours, so that Marga ret shalhave the better". Unhappily Dr. Caius' monument and epitaph to him in st. Paul's were destroyed, but to quote Dr. Friend "he was in his own time reckoned by the best judges a man of bright genius and a clear understanding, as well as of unusual knowledge in different p.arts of learning; and his works, which are now extant, will fully satisfy us that he deserved this character. He was one who both living and dead, by his writings and benefactions, has done great honour not only to his profession but also to his country." P.D,

A BROWNING VERSION Fragment of a Monologue suggested by My Last Duchess in which the Spirit of the . Duchess speaks No prince or princely valet here prospects For gold that makes a bride-without the myrrh Or frankincense that yet might sanctify So gross a bond. Here is no tyrant's urge To pillage beauty, or to break a love As fragile as some rare Venetian glass Designed by Maro for the Doge himself, . No Duke may shrug, or give commands, or point, With cruel scorn masked as ancestral pride, To Klaus's mural for his tittering guests. I never saw it through my blinding tears, And yet I knew its meaning all too clearThe sea-god as he tames his rebel horse Which feels through all the darkness of his world The beauty that must ever be repaid, As I repaid it all with smiles of love (No painted gesture to propitiate), With- what was Pandolf's phrase?- "that spot of joy". 'Twas so he painted me, and for that gift I felt the flush of love I could notÂˇhide. That was his masterpiece, the last ; for he Was sent to starve, to steal a trifling husk To feed his golden spirit-so to hang. Or that ofliciolls fool-for thus my Duke Styled one who broke a cherry-bough, for what? To give me joy, and court death's jealousy, And many more, dear fools I who loved me once, And sball again in this serenity . Of virgin blue, where all such fools are kings Eterpally.

THE .CANTUA RIAN

SONNET Since thou and I by death were forced apart, I scarce know how to bear the pain I feel

That ever bites and rends my aching heart Which soon must break, though it were bound with steel. Now all my mind may do is to recall When we arose to see the rising sun Lighting the purple hills, to hear the call Of thrush's song to the glorious day begun. Although they weigh my sorrowing heart with care Sad painful thoughts return of far off mirth And wand'rings through the summer's beauty fair Until it faded into winter'd dearth. So may I fade away from life's long doom And reunited with thee shed my gloom. M.P.-D.

TOWNSMAN Poor townsman! Do you long to have peace From the noise, and the rush, and the dust Of the town? Do you still, with your earthly wealth, Seek a treasure that will not rust? Do you envy those who, seemingly poor, Have more than mere gold can give? Those who are hap py with what you wo uld find To be barely enough to live? The shepherd who plies his ageless trade On the ageless ways of the downs; Or the ploughman who steers his sweet-smelling team; How little they care for the towns ! Theirs is the simple, country health ; Their joy is the trii.l of the larks In the shimmering space of the sky. Their wealth Is the bleat of the new-born lambs, And the golden waves of the ripening corn As the Berkshire breeze flows by. But yo u can rest your mind, so worn By the hideous din of the town, If you come, to feel the wind on your face, As it sweeps Âˇa10ng the turf; . And your soul will rejoice, as the shadows race On the sunlit Âˇflanks of the hills. R.G.A.

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VERSE And as I passed beside the priory wall My sense was unexpectedly entranced By drooping honeysuckle, and the bloom Of freshest May, clutching the ancient stones Their drowsy fragrance filling the quiet scene: It came upon me then that surely here, In thIS same clOIstral walk, by this same wall, That bloom had touched the hearts of silent monks ' Wending their way to early morn ing prime. B.H.

ON THE SACRIFICE OF ENGLAND'S MANHOOD IN THE GREAT WAR And when the best Had sacrificed themselves to war, There came the rest, Making one hund red thousand score Of volunteers, To serve their co untry and their King. They left in tears Their homes and loved ones; depa rting From, some their cares, Others their happi ness, to bring Sweet peace by dares That of such wond'rous bravery ring. They died in mires But still more came, to die fighting.

R.I.I. (aged 15)

THE SELF-PRISON Wild old world can be a sharp-sworded force: The fur-soft 'self' is a sensitive pet. Springtime frost: virgin sun-spun violet. Grow bark. Show bleak moods far from truth. Life's so urce Must be defended :-cynic outposts; pride; Barncades of reserve; affectation . . ..

Build false brick on false brick till tr uth can hide ' And the 'I' laugh, snug in secure isolation. To the snow-hid cottage in the mountains Winter comes-the stores peter out. The soul Of the fort suffocates-ins ide rot reigns. Defence becomes prison. Nature takes toll. The withered 'self' seeks freedom- but is barred. Death the door to death. Life is very hard. J.P.M.D. 37

f THE CANTUARIAN

THE LAUmAN TRIUMPH 1660-62 This year has witnessed the two hundred and ninetieth anniversary of the completion of the Anglican Restoration, as set forth in the Act of Uniformity and the Prayer Book of 1662. These were two outward and visible signs of the complete victory of the Laudian Party in England. How did that victory come about? How was it that in the 1640's a laity, who were by no means predominantly Puritan, had come to hate the very name of bishop, and had succeeded in overthrowing Anglicanism and executing the tyrant Laud; whereas in less than twenty years England acquiesced in the triumph of Laudian principles, and their enforcement by the aid of a vicious penal code? The truth is that until this year there was much which remained obscure about the course of events which led to so signal a reversal of tendencies. That is why the publication of the researches of Dr. Bosher, carrying the "Imprimatur" and strong recommendation of Professor Sykes, is an event

of some importance. The story which is revealed is a remarkable one. Archbishop Laud, as every schoolboy knows, had attempted to impose a rigid conformity upon the Anglican Church ; he completely fai led to win popular support, but he did have deep influence upon scholars, theologians and priests. Apart from these his influence depended entirely upon royal support, and the overth row of the Monarchy inevitably brought with it the overthrow of Laudianism. Church life under the Commonwcalth became mainly congregationalist. But Cromwell's government was tolerant by the standards of the time. He promised toleration to those who believed in the Holy Trinity and acknowledged the Bible as the revealed Word of God; and if Anglicans and Papists were expressly excluded, it was for their political rather than their religious beliefs. In the 1650's Anglican activity was virtually unhampered, and many of the clergy readily modified the Anglican form of worship to comply with the legal requirements. In these circumstances Anglicanism had a notable revival in the years of the Protectorate. Little of the credit. for this is due to the episcopacy, for they for the most part were rusticating in obscurity, like Morton of Durham, or were busy foxhunting, like Juxon ; all too fearful of the fate of Laud to give a lead to Anglican revival. The great achievements of Anglicanism in this, as so many other periods of history, had little to do with the episcopate as a whole, but were to be found in the writings of men like Jeremy Taylor, Henry Hammond, Cosins and Bramhall. Special praise is due to the hundred clergy who went into exile for their faith, and who resisted all the attempts of the Queen Mother Henrietta Maria to convert them to Roman Catholicism. To them also there is attached a special importance, for without them the Restoration Settlement might have been very different. Among the Anglicans in England there was a strong disposition to accept the Commonwealth, and to seek a religious settlement on the basis of comprehension. Such loyal conformists were Thomas Fuller, John Gauden, Edward Stillingfleet and Benjamin Whichcote, and Jeremy Taylor issued a revised version of the Prayer Book for the I purpose. And if the Anglicans were becoming more latitudinarian, the Presbyterians , were becoming more strongly Royalist: there was therefore incrcasing reason to expect an equitable solution of both religious and political problems at one and the same time. But tbe Laudians in exile wo uld not countenance for a moment any such compromise; and they had won a victory of first-rate importance in converting Edward Hyde to their 38

r THE CANTUARIAN

ca use. Hyde in the last years of Charles I had shared in the anti-clericalism of his class and had been in favour of modifying. episcopal power. By the time of his appointment: as Lord High Chancellor of England m 1658 he was convinced that " Nothing can secure. the Crown which destroys the Mitr~" . But this intention he had to keep to himself; for he must not alarm the Presbytenans upon whom the restoration of the Monarchy' depended. He must restore the Monarchy without .giving a single concrete guarantee to any party: that he achieved thiS IS a measure of his statesmanship. The new. Parliament which General. Monk summoned in April, 1660 was strongly RoyalIst, wlth.a Presb~tenan maJoflty m the Commons. The latter were impressed by Charles' promise of "lIberty to tender consciences" in the Declaration of Breda, and the Presbytenans amongst them were ready for a compromise on the subject of Episcopacy. TheIr leader, Richard Baxter, believed in moderation and toleration held that no chu rch system was of divine authority and wished to unite all parties dn the " rundamentals" of the gospels. In May a Presb~terian deputation, headed by Reynolds,. was sent to Charles m Holland ; they were cordially received, and though they failed toÂˇ pm him down to a definIte agreement, they returned well satisfied with his fair words. Indeed It appea rs II kel{' that Charles was sincere in his promises to modify Anglicanism to meet PresbyterIan Wishes. That he far led to do so is due mainly to Hyde and to Gilbert. Sheldon. When Charles landed in England in May, 1660, he proceeded to Canterbury, where he met Sheldon. What passed at the interview we do not know for certain but it seems li kely that Sheldon convinced him that though the Anglicans could not ydt show theIr hand yet never would they ag ree to any compromise with Presbyterianism. So the deceptiop continued. Charles enter~d London in triumph on May 29th with twelve Presbystenan mll1lst~rs ~alking In hiS tram. He was too wary to attend the AnglIcan. thanksglvmg service m We~tmlllster Abbey. A proclamation was issued temporarIly mallltarnIng all mcumbents 111 theIr benefices. Some dozen Puritans including. Reynolds and Baxter were appomted Royal chaplams. At the same time Charles had meetings with Baxter, and asked him to draw up proposals for an agreement. But while these negotIatIOns were proceedmg, Charles and Clarendon were quietly proceeding. With the EstablIshment. Bishops were hastily appointed: Brian Duppa to Winchester, Juxon to Canterbury, Frewen to York, Sheldon to London, and so forth. In August, when the Commons threatened to upset their plans by passing resolutions in favour of PresbyterIanIsm, they were adjou rned. Meanwhile the farce of negotiations with the Presbyterians was played out. Meetings. were arranged between Baxter and Reynolds on the one side, and Morley and Cosin on. the other, and in October they met the King himself at Worceste r House. The result was a Royal Declaration which made substantial concessions to the Presbyterians, among. whIch was the agreement that the power of bishops should be limited by presbyters. The Puntans were satisfied , but the Anglicans merely congratulated themselves on a master-stroke of polIcy. They even went so far as to seek to undermine the credit of Baxter and others with their followers by offering th7m bishoprics. The I?resbyterians did not, however, trust theIr flvals : they were not satisfied unless the Declaration were enacted by Parliament. But in November a Bill for . that purpose was narrowly defeated, and PresbyterIan hopes were dashed. By thiS time It was apparent that the toleration promised by the Declaration was not being observed. Bishops everywhere were busy ousting Presbyterians from the parishes. It was soon apparent that as. Trevelyan says the. Puritans "were leaders without an army".

. 39

THE CANTUARIAN

By April, 1661 the Anglican restoration was virtually complete, and it is to be noted ·that it had been achieved almost entirely without tbe belp of Parliament. It was the work .of Clarendon, Sheldon and the King, and when the Cavalier Parliament first met in March, 1661 the work was already done. In April, Charles summoned the Savoy Conference to effect a fina l settlement, but the result was a foregone conclusion. For four months the discussions continued. The Presbyterians submitted their objections to the Prayer Book, and the bishops, in long drawn-out sessions, rejected them . Baxter's account .of the proceedings is still the best : " We spoke to the Deaf; they had other ends (than unity and peace), and were other men, and had art to suit the means unto their ends". The story of the Savoy Conference is not without an element of drama, for while Baxter fought doggedly for the compromise he thought the Royal Declaration bad given him a right to expect, he met at every point the adamantine refusal of Bishop Sheldon. Dr. Bosher writes that Gilbert Sheldon "was one of the few post-Reformation primates to ·stand somewhat in the tradition of Langton and Becket .. .. In courtliness and political finesse, driving energy and single-minded devotion to the Church . ... he is re mi niscent -of the great mediaeval churchmen" .

The Anglican victory was thus won, and it remained only for Convocation to revise . the Prayer Book (the changes were few and moderate), and for Parliament to give it legal 'sanction in the Act of Uniformity. The clergy were given until St. Bartholomew's Day (August 24th), 1662 to conform. In the three months before that date Clarendon was not alone in fearing trouble, and Pepys wrote: "All people discontented; some fea r .. . . that the King do take away their liberty of conscience; a nd the height of the bishops, who I fea r will ruin all again" . The bishops were indeed bent on enforcing the Act, and some were demanding that it could only be done effectively if the Court of High Commission were re-established. But the fears were unjustified. August 24th passed quietly: .some 936 of the best ministers were displaced (making a total of 1,760 sinc. the Restoration) and the Anglican triumph was complete. Professor Powicke, in an oft-quoted passage, has said that "the one definite thing which ·can be said about the Reformation in England is that it was an act of state". The same may be said of the Restoration settlement. The main cause of the Anglican triumph was the ide ntify of the Royalist and Laudian causes. As Sir R obert Shirley wrote: "whoso in these times of persecution professes himself a son of the Church will also by the same principles be a loyal subject". The chief architect of the Anglican victory was Clarendon; .and he found will ing allies among the bishops. Dr. Bosher has summed up: "Historians as a whole have passed a harsh judgment on the Laudian wlwillingness to widen the limits of comprehensiveness along the lines of the Royal Declaration, or (0 accept Puritan demands at the Savoy Conference. Many within the Church of England today would agree that an opportunity was tragically lost of retaining the mo re moderate dissenters in the national Church, and tha t the sacrifice was made for an ideal of little."

Dr. Bosher's work has confirmed Professor G. N. Clark's harsh but just conclusion: '''Against the hardened bigotry of the Anglicans he (Baxter) could do nothing." R.W.H. 40

THE CANTUARIAN

THE MASTERPIECES OF ANTHONY DURNFORD A yolume of Antho~y Durnford's I?oems has been made and published by his parents, and we delighted to prillt some ext~ac ts 10 Tlte CalltuarlQII of Easter last. A ~cond vC?!ume containing mostly prose writi ngs has now been pnnted. It makes wonderfully good read 109, and IS yet another indication how far this talented a,nd lava,ble 'young man would ,have g0!1e. More ~han ever do we, the Editors, realise how fitting a MemOrial of him IS ~h e Du~nford HIstory Library. ,With ,permission we print four extracts from the new ~olume. The first IS the Filiate that ended A.M.D. s farCical play in eight scenes purporting to show

1936, and many of the hlstorr of.the School from the Stone A!?c. It was performed in the Easter Term us recall it wuh pleasure. Who that saw It ca n ever forget the Governors' Meeting in the Stone Age or .the gentle murder of !homa~ a Bucket? A Dimilll/live Dmf1/a bears no date. but was likely enough wntten about 1937. Hat,. Hlll1tlllg and AhoUl Face belong to the years of his wa r service overseas.

FINALE Stolle Age Men

The school which first o n broken sto nes By skin-clad men was founded !-J as grown, and grown, and still it groans And here we stand astounded. We see the school of wh ich we dreamed In glorious pride existing, And that whIch merest fancy seemed The blows of fate res isting.

Choms:

For this our sc hool has through the P<4st In great men been prolific And if it s debt is prett y fast Its credit is terrific.

L<'giolla,.ies and St. Disgus ting :

When conqu'ring Jul ius Caesa r came Before these lines we re writt en The sc hoo l hHd not then got a name No more had ancient Bri ti.lin . The legions came, and even then Began Ihe old schoo l's sto ry .But S1. Disgusting and his men Awoke her lasting glory .

Chorus a.f before

.Vormans:

Good SI. Disgusting passed away And on these shores burst swarm in ' The men who came to steal and slay With Willyam the Norma n The schoo.. survived- grew greater yet , And now IS world renowned, And we should never once regret Thai Willyam King was crowned.

Choms

as before : Knights alld Pilgrims :

Archbishop Becket next wa s slain And that was really shocking. For yea rs thereafter to his shri ne The pilgrims all came flocking. And that was very good for trade And made the old schoo l famous ' So if we' re glad a Becket died ' You rea lly must not blame us. 41

TH E CANTUARIAN

Chorus:

To see us all together here Is j ust a bit surprising Bu t as the end is drawing near We'll do some adverti sing; Oh! if you have a son or two O r youthful male relati on Then send him to the King's School, do For perfect education . February. 1936

A DIMINUTIVE DRAMA Scene : The editor's office of the " Evening Star" . The editor is dictatil~ g th~ nc.counl of a match at Twickenham (which he has witnessed personally) to a clerk of sorts who I S taking It down III shorthand . (All talking is done at greatest intelligible speed). Editor: Jo nes played the game of his lire, seldom have 1 seen slIch a three-quarter, His passing and tackling were superb, hi s kicking was - (Enter a reporter) Reporter : "Big ra ilway smash-carriagcs tclcscoped- 20 believed killed - - " Editor: " When?" R eporter: " Two ho urs ago" . "No good. Red·ho t news o nly" . (Exit reporter.) . . . Editor: " Where was I Oh yes- his kicking was beyond prai se llook forwa rd to seemg hml pl ay many Editor:

a -- "

(Enter ano ther repo rter) . " Big fig ht result- Buggi ns wins on foul- referee lynched- police clear hall ". " When?" " Ho ur ago" . . . . " No good. Must have while· llOl news" . (Exi t reporter). " The forwa rds a lso distinguished themselves, they possess a very detinlle esprll· de~o rps , In ni ne scrums o ut of ten they - - " (Enter another reporter) Editor: " Get out of here, you were sacked a week ago" . Reporter: " Got some white·hot news if you wannit" . " What ?" Editor: Reporter: " Editor of well-kno wn paper shot dead in office" . " When?" Editor: Reporter: (Producing pi stol) " Now !" (shoots editor and hurries from office). Reporter: Editor: R eporter: Editor: Editor:

CURTAI N .

HAIR HUNTiNG " Keep your hair o n" they say. I wish th at I could do it. It bega n with the scurvy. The doctors did no t call it t~a t-t l~ey t alke~ of v~t a[~lin de fi ci~ n c i es an.d, so' fo rth, but the old name is better. By bleed ing gums and fallmg hair 1 was linked 111 slckn.ess ~Ith .the salhng men of o ld ; salt pork a nd ships' biscuits did for them what bully beef and ;mny biSCUI ts did for me. The little whi te pills took ca re of my gums, and stopped the rot, upon my. head, but t,hey neglected to produce a rei nforcement growth of hai r to replace the catastrophic casual!les already l11curred, a.nd sO' my scalp looked rather like thc hide of an ageing baggage camel. That did not seem to, mailer 111 the desert, for, as my batman sombrely observed, " 0 0 looks at yer?" and of course nobody did. Later when J was sen t to Cairo o n a cou rse, it was different. Ca iro seemed a very grand, glamo rous and soph isticated place compared 10 Oll r desert, which lay away to the East and was a, very fC!r1or~l un· fashionable and deserted sort of desert indeed ' so much so th at no o ne who expcrlenced II has yet recovered enough spi ri t to wri te a book a bout it, which is pcrh al)S the o ne poin t in its favour.

T HE CANTUARIAN

1 soon saw that my hair would not do among the clever and sophisticated soldiery of Cairo, some of whom were indeed so clever and so sophisticated that they never found any occasion to leave Cairo throughout the whole war, except for an occasional leave in Alexandria. Accordingly I went in search of a barber. In an alley, off a road, off a street, off a highway, 1 found a ba rber. He was standing before his shop, and at a glance I knew he was the man for me. He was immensely old, and immensely energetic in appearance and his black eyes crouched in his face like spiders in a web of wrinkles. But it was his harr that drew me to him, for I do believe it was the tinest head of hair that ever was seen. It sprang vertically from the top of his head in a dense lush hedge of variegated grey, from his temples it jutted dynamically horizontal far beyond his ears, and at the back it cascaded lion·like to his shoulders. Awed, I removed my cap and tapped a naked place. " Can you do anything?" I said. " Oh my God Sir Captain" replied this admirable old man "1 make him come like billio in two ticks". He grabbed me by the arm, hustled me into his sho?, and pressed me down into a chair. " Me eighty· two. Me Maltese. Me best dam barber in the world" cn ed this expansive ancient. "AU big English generals coming to me. Mr. Auchinleck. Mr. Monty. Mr. Wilson, and now Sir Captain, you!" His shop was long and low and very dark and dirty, and apart from the tonsorial chair, and a cracked mirror it lacked the conventional amenities. It was a storehouse for all things vegetable. Strings of herbs depended from the ceiling; copious sacks of herbs adorned the floor; shelves lined with jars apparently full of pickles and of chutney lin~d the ~all s ; at the far il?terior e~d a g~eat copper cu;uldron steamed ~nd bubbled on a brazier and from tIme to tlme he rushcd to It, and stirred Its contents With energy, and httle cries of excitement. Holding me pinioned in the chair he waved his free arm round the contents of his shop to indicate its glories. " All for the hair. Me, l make it all. Always I try something new. Try try try all my-life. Look". He seized a fistful of his leonine mane. " Dam good sir Captain eh? What I make, she goes on my own hair. Oh dam good! Now you, young captain, go away. I know what I give you. I make for you special. This lot in shop no good for you, I make special. Give two pound. Give address. I send bottle. Oh ho, then you have hair like me". "But what will you do?" "I make it special for you. Onions, herbs, many things. l know. Two or three days I send bottle. You rub her in, and then oh my!" "But it will smell awful" . " You get hair Captain, You no mind smell. You not stay one room too long, then O.K." Two days later the bottle was delivered., Formerly it had con~ained beer, now, held ul? agains~ the light its new content was revealed as a slow VISCOUS substance, glutmous and smooth, garmshed With shreds of nameless vegetation, pips, and the crushed husks of little berries. There was also a label, which said with aifecting simplicity KINDLY DO NOT DRINK. The day I got this elixir I was recalled, and took it with me unopened during the three days journey to the East. Uncorked at journey's end it gave off a truculent odour of potting sheds, cabbages after rain, mildew, and, quite frankly-dung. "Don't risk it" said my batman "it isn' t worth it". "Who looks at me?" said I. It was a huge success. First came a little ripple of down, soft and frail as thistle seed, that burgeoned with the days into fronds and clumps of indubitable hair. In a matter of weeks the effect was as complete and pleasing as a newly· thatched roof. Admittedly the stuff attracted the flies, but then it routed the mosquitoes, and if its smell appalled my comrades its effects fill ed them with admiration. The years passed and all was well until the Great Cold of early 1947. That frore and wretched season not only stopped the wheels of British industry, but also for some reason broke the spell that the old Maltese magician had put upon my scalp, and once again the misera ble rot set in, till some one was good enough to assure me that I had a fine head of skin. . Counter measures, though costly, were unavailing- among them vitamin pills, massage, things you rub in, and a gleaming machine which drove millions of violet sparks into my skull where I suppose they still remain like seed on stony ground. 43

"tHE ' GANTUARfA' N ~: So I \VondeI' if he is still alive, that old and hairy wizard. in hi s Egyptian shop. Does he stilt decoct his wonderwworking stews from weeds and lichen and the rotting stuffs of nature? 11 seems strange and sad to think that in a beer bottle in Cairo a new head of hair awaits me, and awaits me, alas, in vain, for I have long since forgotten the name and address of its purveyor. Gentle reader, did you ever stumble upon him in your travels of peace or of war, in an alley, off a road, off a street, off a highway, in Cairo? You will certainly not have forgo tten him if you did, with his confident cry of "oh my sir, I grow hairs on armour plate!" And if you do remember, then please write and tell me his name and his address, otherwise I shaU have to pester Mr. Monty, Me. Auchinleck or Mr. Wilson.

ABOUT FACE The Admiral once told me, during the war, that he never wore a steel helmet except in civilian life. He 'was not, of course, an admiral. He had served as a regular officer of the Royal Navy, of the Royal Canadian Air Force, and of the Ind ian Cavalry, but it would be an exaggeration to suggest that he had reached high rank in any of them. I quite accept his explanation that he had si mply not had time to do so. Hence, Admiral was a courtesy title, and a becoming one, for despite his pleasantly cathoJic service career the Navy bad set its mark upon him ill the way it does, so that 20 yea rs after he had do ne wi th it, or it with him, upon a horse, in Central Asia, he still cont rived to radiate the atmosphere of one enjoying a brief spell 'o f leave ashore. The Admiral'S diverse military experienccs had not precluded him from an active and unconventional civilian life, in course of which he had passed a lot of time in China, mostly in the coa l mining business. Those were the days when he wore his steel helmet, for the mining area and its supporting railroad system were favourite places for the marches and counterwmarches of embattled war lords and their triggerwhappy adherents. One of the warlords possessed an armoured train, a sophistication from which he derived a considerable amount of face, and a fair degree of authority in the neighbourhood; his six armoured waggons, pierced laterally for machine guns, and mounting a two ponnder aft, were the most substa ntial political factor in the province. As soon as the Admiral heard of the armoured train he set to work to construct one of his own, partly to protect his coal mine, partly to acquire face, and partly becausc his sporting instincts were aroused . He followed his rival's design closely except that he mounted his two pounder,- vintage Russian one which he called Iva n the Terrible,-to fire forwards over the front of the locomotive instead of to the rear. Armoured trains in private ownership have their disadvantages of which one of the more readily apparent is that their movements are apt to be very ilIwco wordinated with the schedule adhered to by normal railway traffic. The war lord gave this problem insufficient thought with the result that steam traffic became disorganized throughout the province. The Admiral, a more civil ized man, always lIsed to notify the railw way authorities before making a journey so that matters cou ld be arranged to his convenience. This was good up to a point, but did not dispose of the risk of the rival mailclads meeting face to face-an event which both sides were pol itely anxious to avoid, and against which they gua rded by mutually posting spies to each others' Headquarters. All went well for a time, but one day the dread event occurred. Due to some negligent piece of spying, the Admiral's train, careering to thc East, found itself, being approached at breakneck speed by its rival, bearing the War Lord, Hell bent to the West, at a point where the track was single for 50 miles in either direction. What a squealing of brakes there was! What a hooting and whistling! What a standing to anns! What a lot of steam I The engines were finally pulled up withi n 20 yards of one another, after which the parties found themselves at leisure to consider the situation which was indeed fraught with not a little difficulty. wThe difficulty was simply over who was to give-way, because to give way would mean not only a fifty mile trip in reverse, but also a loss of face too terrible to contemplate. or course both parties could have withdrawn simultaneously, but the Admiral, although a man of peace, was not as peaceful as all that. Negotiations having failed, he gently pointed out that his Long Tom was pointing straight at the other engine while the War Lord's two pounder was threatening and could threaten nothing more than the empty wastes of Asia to the rear. The argument being irrefutable, the Admiral being adamant and Long Tom being loaded, the War Lord withdrew painfully backwards, his shame increased by the derisive hooting of the victoriously advancing locomotive. and tl)e jeering of its crew. So great was his loss of face that he soon afterwards departed with his train' to a different sector of the North Chinese Railway system and thereafter crossed the. Admiral's path- no more. His name was: . Chiang Kai Shek . 44

THE CANTUARTAN

LAMBETH DEGREES Last July the Spectator ran an interesting correspondence on this subject. An attack was launched upon these degrees by the well-known writer, Hugh Ross Williamson; he pomted out that these degrees were once given sparingly, and were rather bestowed on Anglican c1erg~men who reached the episcopal bench possessed of no University degree; such as so m~tilnes happened when a man took Orders after a career in the Foreign Office (e,g , BIshop Wakefield of Blrmmgham) or from some other profession which had "?t required a University training: He complained that D. D.'s have recently been gIven, as It were, wholesale to people, who could reasonably be expected to work for them.; an~ noted that where in ~he "scanty" days the conferment of these degrees was published In the press, that pracllce appeared to have ceased . The subsequent correspondence can hardly be saId to have answered his points. And it is difficult not to feel sympathy with the writer, for most men who obtain doctorates at thei r Universities have to work hard for a good many years.

One or two points, however, were not touched upon in the correspondence at all. Nobody can questIOn the legaltty of a Lambeth degree ; a man can, if the Archbishop choose, be mage a D.D:, a B.Mus., an M.A., and can call himself by the appropriate appellatIOn. Butwhat nght has he to wear the hood of a particular University; what legal or other claIm to appear m the full dress robes of an Oxford or Cambridge doctor? This, certainly, is not so clear. Since many readers of The Canluarion are clergymen or intending clergymen it may ' be fitting to give an outline history of Lambeth degrees. The power to confer them rests upon an Act of Parliament-25 Henry VIII C.21"An Act concerning Peter-Pence and D ispensations". It can all be read in Gibson's Codex (171 3), Vol. I, pp. 102-111.

The eleventh section of that Act provides that two books of taxes (i.e. " fees") should be made, one to be kept m royal custody, the other in archiepiscopal, " in which shall be contalllcd the taxes of all customable dispensations, fac ulties, licences and other writings, wont to be sped at Rome". The learned Gibson has a note on Customable Dispensations, remarking that there is one Article, whicll being not a matter merely Ecclesastical, comes under none of the succeeding categories-namely, the right of conferring degrees of all kinds, which this Act vested in the Archbishop for the time being; for in the one surviving Book of Taxation, among the other Heads in which Faculties had been customarily grantable, and were now made grantable by the Archbishop in virtue of this Act, there are these two:Creatio Doctorum in quacunque Facultate. Creatio aliorum Graduatorum iu quacunque Facultate. This power (originally Papal) not having been abrogated byauy succeeding law, survives therefore today; and it has been exercised by Archbishops of Canterbury as a Right vested in ihe See of Ca'nterbury by no less authority than 'that of Parliament. " .

THE CANTUARIAN

SO Gibson wrote in 1713 and so to this day a Lambeth degree is a valid title oflearning. Since Gibson's time, however, the right to confer degrees m Medlcme. has been remov~d; at least, since 1858 a Lambeth degree in Medicine has not been a qualificatIOn to pracllse. Those who are interested in this subject will find a good deal of material in the Gentleman's Magazine; the references are to the 1864 Volume, Part I; F~bruar;Y, p. 274; April, p. 504; May, p. 663 and following; June, p. 770 and followmg; m Part II, July, pp. 87-91; August, p. 130; September, p. 266. Bare references give a dull appearance, but when we learn that the principal contributions were from the pen of no less a Scholar than Stubbs, mterest may ~wak~n. Among other things, Stubbs gives a List of Lambeth Graduates from 1660 with bIOgraphical details; and certainly the degrees were spanngly given. But the interest of all who are connected with Canterbury can now be quickene~. The Archbishop has a Parliamentary right to confer these degrees, and that nght IS "vested in the See of Canterbury". That is Law. Now on the death or resignatIOn of an Archbishop the "spiritualities" of the See of Canterbury, as they are called, pass to the Dean and Chapter; and among them is this right to confer degrees. qn. the next vacancy of the Archbishopric there is nothing to prevent the Chapter fr,?m glvmg to themselves or anybody else what degrees they like! It has been done, even If Infrequently, a~d you can find the facts in Stubbs' lists. To take an example: Archbishop Sheldon died on November 9th, 1677, and Sancroft succeeded him on 27th Ja!luary, 1678. In the November and December the Chapter busied themselves In confernng degrees. Which takes us to a last point or two. While there is no doubt whateve~ that the Archbishop (and the Dean and Chapter, sede vacante) can confer. degrees,. what IS dubIOus is the origin in time and reason for Lambeth graduates' !'ssummg. the nght to '."ear the full robes and insignia of the Doctorates of that UmvefSIty to which the Archbishop of the moment may happen to belong, and thu~ to appear as bonafide Doctors OfClVll Law, or Divinity or aught else of thiS or that UmvefSIty. Interesting speculations ari~e. Supposing in time there should be an Archb~hop who himself possessed 110 UmvefSIty degree, as there have been dlOces~n b~shops. Or supposing a degree be conferred by the Chapter, sede vacante? What Umvemty does the recipient take to himself? The Chapter might be half .oxford, half Cambndge, or even more multi-coloured; could this question of what Umverslty and what dress be settled by a majority vote? In the event of a tie would the Dean have a castmg-vote, or, m h:i s absence, the Vice-Dean?' Or would the graduate-to-be automallcally take membership of the Dean's own University? But what if a Dean of the future should possess only a foreign university degree? So it does remain curious that a man who may never have seen Oxford or Cambridge, and certainly paid no fees to the University Exchequer or any College, should be able to appear as a learned graduate of a particular U!llverslty. Whll~ no obJectl~m ,,:hatever can be made to the titular degree itself, the additIonal assumpllon of a UmvefSIty by a recipient does not seem comfortable. Is not the solution the provision of a Lambeth hood, and robes of its own Doctorate? OXONIBNSIS.

TItE CANTUARfAN

BOOK REVIEWS VISCOUNT MILNER The Forsaken Idea: A Study of Viscount Milller, by Edward Crankshaw. (Longmans Green & Co., 15/-.) To Lord and Lady Milner the School owes Milner Court and the Milner Scholarships: yet it is possible that to the School Lord Milner is the least well known of its benefactors. Mr. Crankshaw's aim is to challenge earlier assessments of Milner's character and achievements, and particularly of his ideas, the product of a clear and original mind not wholly acceptable to any political party.

The son of a doctor of wide interests and many talents, who abandoned medicine to lecture on English literature at a German university, Milner first made his mark at King's College, London, as "facile princeps in Classics, French and German, and a prominent member of the Debating Society", and in due course won the first scholarship to Balliol: at Oxford he was elected President of the Union, and only missed the Ireland scholarship through unjustified despair on the last day of the examination. Among the Prime Ministers of England are numbered several who won a First Class in Greats at Oxford, but none who distinguished themselves as the finest classical scholar of their year by winning the Ireland. Ireland scholars have, as a rule, been able, imaginative, but retiring men, drawn to academic life or administration rather than to politics. Milner, however, resigned his Fellowship at New College for the Bar and journalism, and soon found himself secretary to Goschen, Lord Randolph Churchill's successor at the Exchequer. A spell in Egypt as financial secretary, on Goschen's recommendation, was followed by five years as head of the Board of Inland Revenue, where he was responsible for the introduction of death duties; and from 1897 to 1905 he was High Commissioner in South Africa. Thereafter he remained in comparative obscurity until appointed Secretary for War in the Lloyd George War Cabinet of 1917. It is, however, round his term of office in South Africa that controversy has centred. It is interesting to read Mr. Crankshaw's account of the inconsistency which characterized British policy in South Africa even in 1897, which appears in retrospect the climax of British "imperialism". The War Office appointed a "pro-Boer" general as Milner's deputy and commander-in-chief: the British Government could make no effective reply to the Dutch republics' import of arms through Cape Colony: and (in spite of Milner) Kruger was allowed to cherish the hope of, at best, an early victory over the British, or, at worst, a Korean stalemate. Milner, however, never allowed himself to be obsessed by the immediate issue of the Dutch treatment of the Uitlanders. He was to complain, later, that the party system at home had the result that "the unwieldy Cabinet cannot give continuous thought and study to the vital, being eternally distracted by the local and temporary, even when not by the absolutely petty and parish pump order of questions"; but for him, even as early as 1897, "the Anglo-Dutch question was child's play compared with the antagonism of white and black", and he firmly believed that England was responsible for the protection of the native population in South Africa. He initiated plans, on a scale not previously contemplated, for the increase of South African wealth and natural resources, which would make p,?ssible u a higher plane of civilization than these colonies had previously attained": to see these plans under way 47

he refused a seat in the ~abinet. With the 1907 grant of "responsible Government sans phrase", however inevitable it may seem to us, these plans were curtailed or set aside, while the Dutch attitude to the antagonism of white and black prevails in South Africa. "It does no harm", Mr. Cranks haw remarks with justice, "for the loudest and most indiscriminate opponents of South African policy to-day to be shown that they themselves, or their ideological fathers, are directly and solely responsible for the existence of this policy." Milner believed passionately (and this remains an unpopular idea) in the superior fitness of the British for the development and government of colonies : but, as he wrote in 1907, "It was evidently hopeless from the first to try and make a good job of South Africa for the British people. They are not holding on to it, and the only wonder is that even 'Joe' ever managed to get them to make the effort they once did .... " If towards the end of this century the British people, pausing to look around them, exclaim "Ubi lapsi? Quid feciT', they may recall Milner's opposition to the prevailing ideas of his age. Conscious of his isolation, Milner was too little of the cold administrator to manipulate for his own purposes a public opinion irretrievably adverse. He recommended compulsory military service: he regretted that many of his "Kindergarten" abandoned the cause of British imperialism for the mirage of the League of Nations. He had amassed all the most unpopular ideas, he wrote: he was the lineal descendant of the child who could not see the Emperor's fine clothes. It is this unregenerate independence of mind which gives Milner's ideas their relevance to-day : but those, in the School and out of it, for whom what is -unpopular must be wrong, may not find this book to their taste. A.S.M. THE BOOK AND THE CROWNS THE LEGACY OF GEORGE V

They will be carried up the Abbey, not as trophies but as symbols of a tradition to which the Queen will swear obedience. The Book, the Queen will be reminded, is the most precious of the treasures; and, if the imagination boggles at such a price on the Bible, there above the Orb and the Crowns will be the mark of the Biblical faith, the Cross. And the Crowns will themselves represent a service renewed, not a victory inherited. The Queen will become the subject of the Commonwealth's imperious demands. It is often remarked that the British royal house is unique in that it has survived a social, cultural, economic and constitutional revolution with its importance increased. No one could have prophesied this when George V came to the throne; but obviously historians will accept the fact, and find its explanation partly in the very tempo of social change, which has conferred a sanctity on all institutions capable of survival, and partly in the constitutional change from Empire to Commonwealth, which attaches to a monarch a pre-eminence which would be instantly denied if claimed by the British Cabinet. If liistorians ~re of a psychological bent, they will explain that the virtues of religion, home ~nd country, duty and tradition, which none of us quite accepts, and yet which none orus can replace, we like to see embodied in our Royal Family. The command over a fifthÂˇ of the globe, which the British Government has lost in our own century, seems ri covered by the He,\d of the Commonwealth. It will not surprise historians that the collal1s~ of old \oy~lties and old power has increased the monarchy's significance.

TliE CANTUARIAN I.nd e~d ,. whi le there is little evidence that Britain will shape its life by the loyalties fo whIch It IS senttmentally attached, and no evidence that it will recover politically or economIcally from the two world wars, It IS certarn that the Queen's reign, if prolonged to ItS natural length, ."~tll mark a further growth in the importance of the royal house. Already there are petItIOns that the Queen should be constantly on the move round the Commonwea1th . Whe;ever she goes, she will .represent the memories and aspirafiorts of peoples stIll .young, rn lands whIch are changrng overnight. Each year will add to the burdens of Majesty.

All this is obvious. What is not so often remembered is the unique way in which the Royal Family has answered this vocation . No other royal house has shown the responsIveness of ours, and none has taken its subjects so completely into its confidence. Everyman may learn how the House of Windsor has moved with the times. Something Everyman may learn from the gossip of the journals and from A King's Story, and somethIng from the broadcasts. But the reliable information is mostly stored III

the Royal ArchIves at Wmdsor. With full access to these records, a Governor of the

Scho~l, the Hon . Harold NIcolson, has thIS year published the official Life of George V.

Here IS a book at once amusmg and JUdICIOUS, detailed and moving. It is a far greater book than the much longer bIOgraphy of Edward VII. It will rival Lockhart's Scoit and Morley's Gladstone in the annals of English letters. T he national Press has already reprinted many of the anecdotes with which Mr. NIcolson lIghtens the reader s path. Attention has also been drawn to Mr. Nicolson's contnbutlOn to our knowledge of political history, in his accounts of the 1910-11 crisis and of the formation of the National Governments of MacDonald and Baldwin. But these are not the most memorable features of the book. The stories concern a naval officer who had greatness thrust upon him : they would be small beer, if the greatness had not been roya\. And the accounts of the exercise of the King's prerogative are due to a sen es of flukes- that the ConservatIve party III the Lords was so crazy in its opposItIOn to the pre-1914 LIberal Government, that the great Liberal party was rent by the fe~ds of Asquith and Lloyd George, that MacDonald was acceptable to the C0.ns~rva!tv~s, that the alternatiye to Baldwin as Prime Minister was a peer (Curzon). It IS Illterestlllg to ~atch the Kmg worklllg for unity through these unexpected ciises, but It cannot be a.ntIclpated that the present 9ueen will be called upon to take a similarly acttve part III polItICS. The Lords and the LIberals-the antagonists in a struggle which 100ght have produced CIVIl war, had the Great War been postponed-have both been knocked out of the flng: The. politIcal scene to-day is simpler : either Conservatism or Labour must have a majonty III the Commons, which must be interpreted as a mandate from the people .. The Crow,? will, no doubt, still "encourage" and "warn": but it will not act. In polItIcs, the Cabmet will be supreme. What, I think, makes it desirable that this book. should be ~tudied is a subtler thing: the effect of the character of a naval officer on BntIsh publIc lIfe at a time when thai life was more complicated al?d degraded than in any period since the Act of 1832. George V was not born to b~ a King, nor so far as one cal? see was he trained to be a good one. If he had followed III all respects the examples of VIctoria or Edward VII, his throne would have tottered. It should, therefore, be put down to his innate goodness that he founded the I-!ouse of Wmdsor not only m name but also m ethos. With the doomed squirearchy 4~

THE CANTUARTAN

he mixed as an equal' his na val training wo n for him the hearts of the middle classes; and although he neve; understood the la bouring masses, his good ness shone through his conservatism, and he did much to smoothe the paths of the early Labour goyernment;<. Already we ca n see that George VI will occupy a more pOIgnant place than his fathe: m the national memory since his service was rendered In greater adverSity a nd with physlCal handicaps. Once he 'had surmounted tbe first crisis of h!s. reign, ,?eorge V had .al! easi~r time of it. But essentially George VI carried on th~ tradltlon of hl~ father, and It IS plam that the same tradition will be the basis of the ~elgn of Queen Elizabeth I~. Wh~n one closes this great book, and reHects on the ma~nIfic~nce of the House of Wmdsor s co!!tribution to Britain and the World, one's ml,nd Hies to the Book a!,d th~ Crowns m another context: in the arms of the University of Oxford. Surely It IS tlme that the legalism of Dieu et mOil d/'Oit was formally abandoned, a nd a motto found more descriptive of the light on the hard path of the Queen? D.L.E. HERE'S ENGLAND by Ruth McKenney and Richard Branston (Hart-Davis). This book purports to be, and is, a highly infof":lal guide to the Mo~her Country by two resident Americans and it is written for the benefit of Amencan~ about to set sail from ~ew 'York. They are definitely favourable in their comm~ntari~s. for they .begm: "We love Engla~.d-lI~ spite of raspberry trifle toad-in-the-hole, kippers, no Ice, dish-water beer and long undef\~ear. ~t ~ s beca,!se of these "in spites" that they wrote the book: "England can be tremendous, ternfic, ~avlshmg, delt~htful-:-but you have to know." Why else have they cared to add to the alread>: huge li terature .of thiS SU~J t7t ,: Because "England is extremely complicated, much more obscure and difficult than Brazil or AbYSSinia. They also try to help the Americans out over architecture. As they poin~ o ut,. the American h a~ paid a "pile" to get from Iowa to Westminster, and there he is met by a reel of glbben sh about Perpendlcu~ar and Barrel.vaults and what-not. The authors are pot .so f,?olish ~s to suggest that. the ways of English vergers can be changed and so they explain the subject m fauÂˇ detatl,.bu~ from anythmg but the ~extÂˇb~ok angle. We are caught out unawares, however, to find that the .Kmg s School. Green . Court IS m~.ly Georgian. "We think architecture is fascinating and hope you will too. There IS certamly a lot of It m England '" Cricket is lVonder/lIl. Food must be taken stoically. "Forget about the cabbage and forward to Bath !"

Our accustomed indifference to the Cathedral. receives a jo!t: "We .stood ~n the ~hoir at Canterbury Cathedral and felt that moment of intense expenence, that sWift ex plo sl~n of JOy which comes onl:(. three or four times in a lifetime." However, the literaturt? dep!trtm1?nt ~omes 10 fo~ a rap. They complam t~at the official guide contains no plan or diagram and IS wntten 10 highly techmcall anguage. Their version of Becket can come from no othe.r sour~e than The Roma!,ce : . "Fro.m the d~rk Cathedral, the monks whispered. so that the word rose lIke a sigh from the maSSive pillars. Ame". Evidently the Wars of the Roses are of paramount im portan~ t~ the average American, for they take u nigh on 20 pages explaining Edward Ill's des'?Cnt. and the slgmfic~nc~ of .~hakespeare. on Henry V. B~t it is so freshly written that it is well worth readmg It. By Henry VII s hme, Edward III s descendants knew the stud-book by heart." The book has the obvious interest of the American point of view, but it is ~ .fl;1nd of much i.nte~ting and often forgotten information .. To read what it says on any spot before VISIting that spot Invanably will enhance the enjoyment of Bomg there. P.H.M.

THE C ANTUARIAN

HOGARTH'S PEREGRINATION In 1732 William Hogarth, the famous painter-but then not yet so famous- with four of his friends did a Five Days' Peregrination from the Bedford Arms in Covent Garden to Gravesend, Rochester, the Isle of Grain a nd Sheppey. They kept a journal of their tour, a nd wrote it up on their return to read out to their cronies in the Bedford Arms. The original little volume of nineteen pages is in the British Museum, and was never intended for publication. Fifty years later a somewhat pruned edition was issued to the public. The original has now been printed verbatim by the Oxford Press. What especially interests us in the School, however, is the fact that William Gostling was favoured with a sight of the manuscript and given a copy; whereupon he turned the story into Hudibrastic verses "with liberty of some additions" . The present Oxford issue includes Gostling's verses. Some at least of these travellers Gostling knew and certainly Hogarth, who stayed with him once on a return from France. This can only mean that the great Hogarth slept in the Mint Yard, a nd knew the King's School of the XVIII Century as it is portrayed in Francis Grose's drawings (the originals of which the School possesses) . Francis Grose was another a ntiquary, a uthor and painter, a nd a crony of all these people: and he married a Canterbury girl. Now our William Gostling was born here in 1696, baptized in the Cathedral, and proceeded to the School in due course as a King's Scholar. From about 1720 till he died in 1777 he lived in or near Canterbury. He was made Rector of Brook in 1722; a Minor Canon of the Cathedral in 1727 (which he held for fifty years); he vacated Brook for Littlebourne in 1733, and later became Vicar of Stone-in-Oxney. But for many years he lived in the Mint Yard, roughly where the eastern part of School House now stands, and it was from his house that the familiar drawings of the Mint Yard were made. All this is the reason that we have placed his arms in a School House window. Gostling knew all about the history of Canterbury, and it was his delight to show visitors round. His book, A Walk in and about the City of Canterbury is still a standard work and one we cannot do without. The old man's portrait was painted when he was eighty-one; the original belongs to the Cathedral Library, but a copy hangs in the School Hall. If the casual sightseer should think it is a picture of an old lady, the explanation is that Gostling has on a dressing-gown of some sort and some kind of night-cap or indoor-cap; because for the last twenty years of his life he was confined to his room through bodily infirmity. Hogarth's companions were Ebenezer Forrest, a lawyer ; William Tothall, a clothmerchant who also made money by selling rum ; Samuel Scott, a painter; and brotherin-law John Thornhill. There is not space here to indulge in biographical details of these men. They were a lively crew, coarse, good-humoured and by our conventional standards thoroughly vulgar. But it was a vulgar century. Behind all the silks and satins, the bows and scrapings, the fashions and fopperies, was sheer ugliness of living. The domestic bath was virtually unknown; habits and manners of feeding and drinking were coarse; language was common, and so was gin; the standard of criminal justice was vengeful and horrid; as the century advanced the loftier sections of the community might become more "elegant", but on the whole it was a vicious age. That is why it would be helpful 51

""':,l',

tHil CANTUARIAN to those who study history to enlarge their minds-as text"books never can-by the erusal of diaries, autobiographies, and such mtlm:,te revelatIOns of m~1l and manners Ps 011 get from Hogarth's Peregrinations and the lIke. To LIS Hogarth IS a great figure in alstant perspective-and II great painter he certainly was; but what Mr. H01~tth was like as a man of the XVIII Century~and his friends, ~nd Minor Canon Gost lng, and lent of others in all their various streams of hfe-you may !!auge fr.om the ~ere ~in!ltions, if you read nothillg else. They thought nothing .of sleeping two 111 a bed withgcertain kInds of horseplay; Hogarth could cut hIS toeÂˇn~lls und.er the eyes of the Sheerness Garrison; all five walked the streets of Chatham, eatmg shrltn~s, they fought mimic battles with pebbles and dung for mISSIles; . mernly performed nat~r.al functtons on tombstones; rolled one another in cows' depOSIt ; so~sed each other .wlth water, ~nd so on. All which the Reverend Mr. Minor Canon Gostllllg does not heSItate to descnbe at lar e and length in his doggerel verse, and cle~rly revels III dOing it. 'the v~lse IS dOgge~el indeed and hardly worth citing at all ; but Just here and there you get 11 pIcture, . as this at Queenborough: "Then to our Swans* retutnmg, there We borrowed a great wooden chair, And placed it in the open street, . Where ill much state dId Hogarth SIt to dt~w the town-house, Church and Steeple, Surrounded by a crowd of people; Tag rag and bobtail stood quite thick there, , And" cry'd, "What a sweet pret ty ' pICt ure .1" And il is comforting to know that the great Hogarth shared a common weakness of travellers, for past The Nore in a rough and tumbllllg sea, "Our hero, Scott, grows very SICk; Poor Hogarth makes wry faces t?,O (Worse faces than he ever drew). . . . , 'this is enough survey of the substance of the Peregn.natlO.n a!1d Gostlmg s wretched verSification. If it is a coarse document, it is human and 11Iumlnattng; for these men wer~ liot of the lowest orders illiterate and gin-besotted, but, as George Vertue Uf,otetrr'hks" Walpole Society) describes them, among "the most Elevated Men III Art . IC furnishes us with some yard-stick to measure the lest of SocIety. *Their tavern

THE CANTUARIAN

RUGBY FOOTBALL RETROSPECT The cancellation of the Stowe and Oxford games, because of bad weather, brought the season-except

for the O.K.S. match-to a disapPointing end. The disappointment was the greater because we had a good side and hoped to do well in both these games. The strength of the team lay in the back division where Herbert, Agnew and Rowe formed an exceptionally strong, skilfu l and experienced midfield triangle. What this would have become with Kelly in his proper place at fly-ha lf and Herbert playing virtually as a fifth three-quarter, which was how we started the season and how we would have liked to have gone on. we cannot say. Circumstances prevented the experiment from being continued and so its success or fa ilure now belongs to the realm of fancy. The forwards eventually settled down into a workmanlike and effective combination. Raffle was once more the dashing leader, and along with the equally dashing Briggs and Hoare (whose genera l play W8$ of "s high a standard as hi s hooking) formed a rem"rknbly fast nnd intelligent front.row. Nash and Davis-the second~row-usually had the better of their opponents in the line.out, the latter's jumping being at times quite brilliant. Cn the bnck~row, Hogg secured the blind side as effectjvely as he did last year, and Roberts, converted from the three-quarters at the beginning of the season, improved with every game. The team was, on the whole, a very accompl ished one and included several players of unusual versatiHty. It thrived on fast, open play, in which backs and forwards combined, but the results of the St. Paul's game, played in a full gale, and the Dover match, played on a ground which was really unfit for play from the start, showed that it could adapt itself to bad conditions. Jt is only to be regretted that it did not have the conditions, and more particularly the opposition, which would have enabled it to have shown its true worth more often.

R.F.e. Played at Sl. Stephen's on the 4th October King's, 3; Canterbury, 11 Canterbury kicked off in perfect conditions and immediately took the initiative. From a local scrum in the School "25", the Club gained possession and their three-quarters burst through the centre to score near the posts. The kick failed, but the Club forwards were soon pressing down into the School "25" again. The School forwards spent the next hectic twenty minutes warding off rushes from an opposing pack that was a great deal heavier; and from the loose, the Club forwards gained the ball very often so that only a tight defence prevented further score for the moment. However, a desperate kIck for touch went straight to the Club full-back, who kicked a fine drop goal from a wiQe angle. A short while before half~time, the Club forwards, following up hard after a punt. collected the ball on the rebound from the post nod scored a try which was converted. The School was 11 down at half~time. In the second half. however, the School began to press hard but some dropped passes fr ustrated any score until Woolston ran through on to a loose pdss and dribbled over and scored near the corner. The kick foiled. The School pressed hard again, but lacked the necessary finish, wh ich is not surprisi ng so early in the season. At no-sIde the score was 3- 11. KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTBRBURY V CANTERBURY

Many va luable lessons were learnt from this game, especially by the pack, in which there are only two Old Colours. Davis le"pt very well in the line-out and ensured us a fair share of the ball there, and Herbert was steady under prossure at full back, particularly so in the first half, when most of the play was in the School "25". KINO'S SCHOOL. CANTERBURY V KINO'S CoLLEOE SCHOOL, WIMBLBDON

Played at Wimbledon on the 11th October King's, 6; K.C.S., 9 The School kicked off against the wind and very soon there was a set scrum on the Wimbledon Hne. Turnor attempted to run over but could not touch down. After some time spent in the Wimbledon "25", the play came back to the School "25", where a penalty was awarded to Wimbledon for a line-out infringement. This kick missed but soon after a similar kick succeeded and at half-time the score was 0-3. Early in the second half Ihe School equalised with a penalty goal kicked by Kolly. Again the School pressed hard but could not score. Following a punt upfield, Wimbledon scored a penalty goal from a difficult onato after an infringement in the set serum. Immediately after this, Wimbledon forced their way over the line

THE CANTUA RIAN . . Th Core was now 3-9 There were five minutes left of the for the first try of the match. The kick fatle~. e ass' be dribbled 'on. gathered the ball on the bounce match when Woolston ran through on tOda f~P": ~ from a wide angle but the ball struck the bar. e Ie w and passed inside to Agnew, who score.

d as

There was no further score.

wa so man penalties for elementary mistakes,

8 The School might well hav~ won had theTteham not giVesnh ard Yfought a fast pace throughout and it was especially in the serum and lme-out pl~y. e game wa disappointing that the result went agamst us. .. ..

KINo's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V BLACKHBATH

A XV

Played at canterbury on the 18th October King's 3' Blackheath "A". 3 .. ' l' d off with a great burst, but it was soon evident that Once more in perfect condll1ons, the S~hoo start~ere marked very closely in the first half. For a long the Club backs were as fast as the School s,.and ~ehed against a heavier pack, gained possession at most time there was no score; the forwards, agam rna c ere lost frequently to the Club, the set scrums were of the lines-out, and al.though the Ifoosehslf:a~~e ~ Club centre burst through and scored near the posts; gained evenly by both sides. Just be ore . a the kick failed. '1 we were awarded a penalty in front of the posts which . In the second half the School pressed hard unti 3 Th School's superior fitness began to tell and t~e was Kelly kicked and scored. The score k howb 3iiti&ht a~d kicked to touch whenever possible. They did pace was too fast for the Club, who e~ the t a Club centres executed a perfect scissors movemen!. ~t burst through the centre once more an t e wo I b u ht him down with a magnificent tackle wIthin looked as if the i1?side cent~e would scor b~: ~el :fi:erb~rf made an excellent kick to the blind side wing, five yards of the hne. Commg backdon tt eha a~s 'brought down by his opponent before he could score. wbich Capurro caught at f~Jl spec, b u e w

. ~ckS and forwards in this game and Herbert's tactical The score was 3-3 at .no-slde: There was a very notl~ble IffiProvellmbent m bot\t marked and Kelly's safe kicking proved once more kicking was good. The wmgs ran we ut were w KINo's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V EASTDOURNE CoLLEOE to be of great value. Played at Canterbury on the 22nd October . King's, 23; Eastbourne, 3 Â° wh ICh the School refused to begin playing with any fire at all until the Eastbourne This was a game m O

try was scored. . . b a run from the half-way line after he had rea~ised Capurro, on the fight wmg, scored ~he first t~ ~as no more score by the School before balf-hme. that be was able to run rou~d hl~ ;'10 8h 7lt~~e when some bad marking and tackling in the backs Eastbourne, however, scored Just et~k: a ~et~n pass and score. allowed the Eastbourne forwards to h If time the backs' handling became better and the new who had recovered from a head injury This seemed to wake up the School team, for after k a forwards managed to dominate the Eastbourne ~ac d' tr ~hen'he gathered a kick ahead by Rowe, kicked received in the first half, scor~d a very gild ~~e~~lr~d bineath the posts. Towards the end, Eastbourne ahead himself, gathered aga.m very wed: 3H b rt first then Turnor, who ran through the Eastboume began to falter and three tnes follloAwe . e~ eburst through an opening made by Herbert in the centre. pack almost untouched, and final y . gnew agam

Ke:~:~~~~~ ~~:p~!y~;:s ~:.~r;:s~he

first half as they did in the second, a greater score would have resulted as indeed it should have. , KINo's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V ST. LAWRENCE CoLLEOB, RAMSOATE Played at;Canterbury on 30th October . King's, 37; St. Lawrence, 0 h S h I's oint of view The team played some excellent . This was a very satisfactory match from t e c 00 ce ~n all de art~ents of the game. St. Lawrence, constructive rugby fC!0tball and. o.utPth layeld St. ~~~nand they we~e well led in the line-out 'takes' by J. however, were not WIthout ment In e oose Sutton. Â°

THE CANTUARiAN Raffle opened the scoring by dribbling over the Jine and Simply falling on the ball. Before half-time, Agnew and Kelly both scored once and Kelly kicked a penalty goal. During the second half, five tries were scored-one by Roberts, who had played a storming game at back, and the rest by Woolston, Herbert (twice) and Agnew-all of which, except Roberts', were converted by Kelly. He had a great pointscoring day for, during the afternoon, he converted five tries, one of which be scored himself, and kicked a penalty goa1, bringing bis total to sixteen points. This was the most satisfactory match up till then in the season. There was a much better start made than in the match against Eastbourne the week before and some of the unorthodox tactical moves, which bad been practised, succeeded very well. Tbe game was a lso notable for the successful debut of Kelly on the right wing: although not really fast, he is quick off the mark and runs and tackles extremely hard. KINo's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V HARLEQUINS CLUB "A" .XV Played at Canterbury on 1st November King's, 0; Harlequins "A", 6 This was a game played in wet and muddy conditions notable for the excellent play of the School pack and for the Jack of School support on the touchline, it being All Saints' Day. The Harlequins brought down a very big, strong, and fast side who turned out to be the best side we had played against. It was, therefore, unfortunate that the conditions prevented virtually any open play at all other than kicks to touch or ahead from fly-half, scrum-half, and centre. Here the School was not entirely effective for Herbert's kicking was too often inaccurate in that he did not always make sure of touch. It should perhaps be added that he did have a good wing-forward opposite him, who, in spite of the fact that he was twice concussed, managed to be very effective throughout the game. The forward s' play was superb- led by Raffle they played very hard throughout against a pack which was several stones heavier and, in some cases, at leasL a foot taller. Indeed, even Davis found that his opponent was able to gather the ball in the lines out almost without having to jump at aU! But for all that the School pack gave as much as they received and it was a delight to see them in full cry dribbling up the field. Harlequins scored twice: first when they kicked a penalty goal, secondly when their scrum-half was allowed to throw himself over the line from a set scrum at five ya rds. It was a fair result and a most enjoyable game to watch. KINo's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

V FELSTED SCHOOL Played at Canterbury on 8th November King's, 27; Felsted, 0 This was an excellent game against a Felsted team which was below its usual standard. There was a strong wind blowing up and down the field, which at first seemed to affect the passing of the School, who were playing into it during the first half. However, two tries were scored, both by Woolston, of which one was converted by Kelly. The second half was notable for two tries by Nelson, who was playing his second game in the team at full-back. The first was by joining in between the outside centre and wing, and the second was by catching a diagonal punt from Herbert at fly-half while wa iting o utside the wing. Agnew and Rowe each scored from bursts through the centre and Kelly converted Rowe's try and the first try of Nelson. Amongst the forwards, Raffle played his usual storming game and Hoare, now having remembered not to give away penalties in 'kickable' positions, hooked extremely well and seemed to be rather unlucky not to score after catching a beautiful crosskick from Woolston under the posts. In all it was a very good game to watch both as a spectator pure and simple and as a member of the Club who has more than academic interest. The game was open throughout and the whole team played well together.

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY v SUTTON VALENCE SCHOOL Played at Sutton Valence on 15th November King's, 38; Sutton Valence, 8 In spite of the score, this was a most unsatisfactory game from the School's point of view. Two tries were scored and converted before the game was eight minutes o ld, and it seemed as if a fiftypoint victory at least might be won that afternoon. However, this was not to be, for the team at once began to forget almost everything it had been told that term: the backs vainly attempted chain passing

THE CANTUAiuAN within a few yards of the Sutton Valence line; o ne of the cent res pa ssed the ball straight into the hands of the Sutton Valence right wing, who immediately ran sixty yards to score beneath our posts. The forwards refused to take the advantage of being a heavier serum, by not atlempting a ' pushover' try and, in general, everyone seemed to think it was time to relax after we had scored. Tn fact, the score was 10-8 until a few minutes before half-time. when Herbert dropped a pena lly goal. After half-time, things went a little better and tries began to come. The backs began to throw the ball about but st ill tended to slow up in looking for someone to pass to after having made an opening. This was not a game which deserves to be long remembered. especially as it ca me only a few days before the St. Paul's match. It followed the proverbial trend of all dress rehearsa ls: a misfort une. KINO'S S CHOOL, CANTERllURY V ST. PAUL' S SCHOOL

Played at St. Paul's on 19th November King's, 8; St. Paul's, 6 This was a grand game both to see and to play, and it was watched by Field-Ma rshal Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, who is a Governor of both Schools. There was a st rong wind blowing virtually up and down the pitch throughout the game, and St. Paul's, who were playing with it in the first half, soon began to press hard. It was quickly apparent that their captain and fly-hal f, D. D. Tapley, was quite one of the best fly-halves we had met or were likely to meet in the season. H e was ass isted by a long service from hjs scrum-half and the two made an extremely effective combination. It was Tapley, in fact, who engineered and scored S1. Paul's try in the first few minutes of the game by following up and catching a perfectly placed punt ahead. He missed this conversion and another place kick not long afterwards given for offside. After these setbacks, the School began to attack with a pack which now had Raffle at wing forward. Th.e re was some good play on both sides, who were evenly matched, and it was o nly some excellent defensive kicking downwind by Tapley which prevented the School from staying in the St. Paul's "25". In the second half, the School pressed hard, remaining in the St. Paul 's half almost continuouslyÂˇ It seemed that a try had to come somehow and we were not disappointed-from a loose maul near the touch-line Woolston picked the ball up and ran about a dozen yards into the corner. With a beautiful kick, Kelly converted to make the score 5-3. The excitement was now intense and St. Paul's made numbers of assaults which often started from diagonal punts by Tapley, who had pcrhaps realised that Nelson, at full-back, was slow in gett ing to the ball. T hen in the last ten m inutes, Turnor d id not p ut the ball into the scrum straight and a penalty brought the score to 6-5. Finally, the St. Paul's hooker put himself offside and Kelly with another magnifi cent penalty k ick made the score 8- 6. There it remained until the end. Seen in perspective, the result was probably fa ir, although a draw would not have becn unfair to either side. Both teams gave away penalties which were virtually incxcusable in such 'casy-to-kick-from' positions, and if St. Pau l's had kicked both theirs, we would have been defeatcd. However, in spite of this, the game was a good onc played at a fast pace throughout with King's slightly the better team, although lacking anyone-at least in the backs-with the individual ability of Tapley. KINO's SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V DOVER CoLLEOE

Played at Dover on 22nd November King's, 8; Dover College, 0 This was played in atrocious conditions. Dover's ground had been chewed up earlier in the week by a match with Sutton Valence, and the r ai n, which had fallen between that game and the time for ours, gave no help at all to the pitch. In fact, by the time no-side came, it was impossible to distinguish between Dover players and our own; it had been impossible to distinguish individuals after about twenty-five minutes. Conditions being what they were, kick-and-rush methods were the only possible. In fact, it was perhaps fortunate that the School scored in the first quarter of an hour, for afterwards it was d ifficult either to hold the ball or to run without sliding. The scores came when Kelly kicked a penalty goal and when Turnor ~arged over for a try which Kelly converted. 56

THE CANTUARTAN

THE OXFORD AND STOWE TOUR

Thc matches agalOst the Oxford Universit Gr I d Thursday, D ecember 1st and 4th Mr Mealows ~cl ~un a nd Stowe School were fixed for Monday and that snow WOUld. make play quite im·possible. The nm~r 0 Oxford that week-en~! only to ring up saying but th~re was no Improvement in the weather and it wa ch w~ls gosstpo!led con~I~lOna lly to the Tuesday and thi S match also was cancelled s ca nce e. Imliar condl lions prevailed at Stowe !he Grerhounds match is the he'igh! of the seaso d h· " ' n an t e team was Justifiably disappointed a t having neither their tour nor their matches.

THE 2ND XV This tea m has had a season which began badl b The new fly- half- A. P. Marks-has combi~edYw W re.~~vfl.'ed aftcr substitut ing a new pair of ha lves e. WI liS partner-H. R. J. Hoare-who has a ~ excellent quick pass from the base of the scrum.

;h:

The team managed to hold Canterbury to a 3 3 d ' b h S Ilit t e week after th rew away the game at K.C.S., Wi l1)bledon, through unnecessary olfsides under for the ad nmable place kicking of Nelso n and the g d Ckloo l I?osts, The game was notable however .. , 0 0 WO I put 111 by Hembry " ~t t he Royal Mlh tary School', Dover the team suffered th . ·' . mam ly to blame for weak tackli ng and pOOl' handli ng. ell worst defeat: 17- 0. The backs seemed Por the match against Eastbourne the team wa I ffI d improvement ~as shown and the t~a m won 14~i ·th a nd !he new hal ves ca~e into the side. A great defence was sti ll weak. ' e Scole allows one to lOfer (correctly) that the

Aga inst St. ~awre':1ce the 2nd's had their best victo - 3 4 - 0 ' " Reed, on the fight wmg, scored five tries by some gOOra hard ru~nTlll~~ match was agam st an mferior team. At Sutton Valence another easy victory was won b 30 . the team won by 6 poi nts to nil. y pomts to 8, and at Dover, in poor conditi ons, Certainly the best game the side played thi on Birley's, when R .M.S. were beaten by 19 ~~i~t~ :s3thT~etur.n match against R.M.S., Dover 1st XV, largely a battle between the forwa rds although Reed w S bl t e pI tch was muddy. so that the game was bctween Symon and Maitland, the c~ntres. It was the C ~ c dO s~orea good try fl'o':11 a midfield movemcnt scored by J . B. Morgan, was a perfect exam I f l o war s, o~vever, who camcd the ga me. One try posi ng backs make m istakes. Lamont wh~ e ~ w lat fast, ~eternll ncd following up can do when the op~ war over the line from a li ne out. The place kigkf~:~trJtokmlllg ~an~e throughout, scored by forC ing h is T h iS was an excellent win for R M S had p . ' I bar s was mv,lluable for he a lo ne scored ten points .. . leVIOliS y eaten Dovel' College 1st XV . , T he te~m was usually chosen from amon . R H C S . . 1. D. Maitland, J . C. Capurro, A. P. Marks R' J 'H ' .yn~n (Captam), E. W. Donald , C. J . Reed, J. C. Pawsey, D. B. Malcolm , G. M. Lynch H~n~br oa;C'B ·MA .. Lamont, C. B. Str-outs, W. J. Bacon, , y, . . ol gan, R . A. Lawrence, N, Pai ne.

11J:

THE

3RD

T hi s team have only had three matches so f l ' · . have been won well . ar t li S tel 111, two of which were against St. Lawrence. All

S. T. S. Blackall was a vociferous scrum leader ,and R " C R 'ICha rd son an able captam. . v KENT COLLEGE 2ND XV (H). 15-9. Won v ST. LAWRENCE 3RD XV (R). 23-0. Won v ST. LAWRENCE 3RD XV (A) . .44-0. Won

COLTS After a fal se start the previous week the C Its be . with.a team that secmed to consist mai~ly of ~urchJan thei r season at Kent Coll.ege on I.8th October, and III the next (against Dover) when 8 of the 20 '. Love scored most of the tnes both III this match Lawrence, however, on Blore's, the side seemed to 6eo~~~~rscodd came fron,! Jevons' boot. Aga inst St. paved the way for a handsome victor to whi h t Illg ,?wn and takmg shape; a storming start share of points. But the next few mat~hes wel'~ diS~~p::e t~rst tTle'Dthe outsides contributed the major , In 109. le uke of York's School (now Colts l ~7

THE CANTUARJAN and not a 1st XV as in former years) could have been beaten, but unfamiliar a nd adverse co nditions proved too great a handicap. Felsted are having a lean year and were early deflated by trics resulting from two identical Graham-Smith movements which. if executed at real speed, would have been extremely good. Kent College, in the return fixture, were frankly unlucky to lose by one point. But eventually something like a return to fo rm was seen in the second match against St. Lawrence. This was a splendid game, played in appalling conditions, in which the tackling and falling were good and the handling by the threequarters was remarkable; the stout-hearted St. Lawrence defence held fast under continual second-half pressure despite some narrow escapes. Two matches remain to be played. Balfour has been an outstanding forward, and there has not in recent years been a better Colts' captain. Bodger, Jevons and Love were the best of the other forwards. Outside the serum the value to the side of W. W. Smith was abundantly shown on the two occasions when he could not pl ay. Without him there was uncertainty in attack and too much shoddy defence among the three路quarlers; fortunately, the side was well served at full-back, whether by Goate or R. A. Smith. Graham played well at fly路 half and Laine improved at scrum路half. The team was: R. A. Smith, K. S. Adams, *W. W. Smith, D. A. Goate, J. C. Trice, D. C. Graham, C. N. Laine, *W. A. H . Bodger, W. N. Wenban-Sm ith, J. E. L. Sales, M. F. Sparrow, *C. J. Tappin, *J. F. Love, *D. E. Balfour (captain), *D. D. Jevons. The following also played: P. F. Lamb, J. G. Blake, M. E. C. Brown, M. J. Bailey, M. A. Murch, R. N. Murch, D. J. Loveridge, J. S. P. Sale. *Awarded Colts' Colours RESULTS OF MATCHE!.S

Played 7; Won 5; Drawn 1; Lost 1; Points for 85; Points against 33. Two matches to play.

Oct. 18. 25. 30. Nov. I. 8. 15. 22. Dec. 6. 11.

Kent College (Al. Won 11-8. Dover College (H). Won 20-0. St. Lawrence, Ramsgate (H). Won 24-3. Duke of York's R.M.S . (Al. Lost 0-11. Felsted School (H). Won 21- 3. Kent College (H). Won 9-8. St. Lawrence, Ramsgate (A). Drawn 0-0. Duke of York's R.M.S. (H). Eastbourne College (Al.

THE JUNIOR COLTS This side has played qu ite brilliantly at times. The outsides are fast, handle the ball well, and can see an opening. The forwards have done their job and got the ball back to give the three路quarters innumerable chances. We were completely outweigh ted by the Royal Military School, Dover and never looked like scoring. Sutton Valence shou ld have been comfortably beaten; the ball was heeled from nearly every scrum by King's but the backs only looked like scoring once. It did not help that one of the centres, finding himself three times 10 yards from the line under the posts and with three men unmarked on his right, chose twice to go on his own and the third time to drop at goai. The side has been well captained by Miller iii and the forwards have been led and set an excellent example by Hutton. The team was as follows:-Sainsburyj Patterson ii, Agnew ii, Tomkins, Phillip; Vincent, Miller iii ; Orchard, Farrant, Ogilvy, Campbell, JameS, Hutton, Whittington, Barwell. REsULTS

v Sir Roger Manwood's (Home). Won t 1-0 v Kent College (H). Drawn 3-3 v King's, Rochester (H). Won 36-0 v St. Lawrence (A). Drawn 0-0 v R.M.S., Dover (Al. Lost 0-31 v Sutton Valence (Al. Lost 0-3 v pov~r Colle~e (Hl. Won 25-Q

M. C. Pattersoll

[K.S. Phot. Soc.

SUNSET

THE CANTUARIAN

UNDER 14 XV It took some time for anything like a team to emerge from the welter of new talent that appeared this

term. After an early but well deserved defeat by R.M.S., Dover, the forwards learned the elements of falling, pushing and dribbling, the backs began to pass and run (in the right direction), and at times the whole team played encouraging football. Incorrect tackling caused two defeats, each time by the odd try in three. Foord, Brown, Price and Niblock were the most skilful forwards, Wilkinson and Morgan an effective pair of halves, Thorburn and Gingell the most dangerous three-quarters. Chenevix-Trench was a sensible and hard-working captain. Oct. Âˇ18. 25. Nov.15. 22. 29.

R.M.S., Dover (A). Lost 3-15 King's, Rochester (H). Won 18-0 Sutton Valence (H). Won 9-3 St. Lawrence (A). Lost 3-6 R.M.S., Dover (H). Lost 3-6 B.J.M.S.

C.C.F. The term started in some uncertainty about the future of the R.A.F. Section, but it is pleasant to be able to record that the Governors have at length given their permission for the Section to have a glider, similar to those used in training in a number of other schools; th is has enabled the Section to remain in being, and will, I am sure, prove a very popular item of equipment. .To help handle the Section, Mr. P. G. Wenley, who has himself had an army training, is taking an R.A.F.V.R. commission. We are also being joined by Mr. J. D. Lanning, who had a year or more as First Lieutenant in submarines operating from Malta during the war, and who will help with the R.N. Section; and by Mr. J. Hope.simpson, who has joined the Army Section. We have now, therefore, one officer more than our establishment of nine, a state of affairs which compares pleasantly with that in 1947, when two officers ran the whole Corps. At that time, too, we had no post-Certificate "A" training at all; now we have the R.N. and R.A.F. Sections and the Signal Platoon, and this term we have added an Artillery Section. The 25-pounder is kept in the Barracks, and the Gunners, though few, are very keen, and under Capt. Glover's guidance, are rapidly approaching the standard at which proper laying tests can be taken. Training generally has been proceeding smoothly, without undue interference from the weather. It has been decided to reduce the number of Certificate "A" examinations to two in the year; the Easter Term is too short, and the Summer Term too crowded, to allow LIS cOllveniently to ca rryon with one a term, as we have done in the past; so one in December and one in Mayor early June would seem to give the best results. Field Day, 21st October, 1952.-8ome fresh ground was used for this, as two platoons did a map~ reading march to Godmersham Park, where, by the kind permission of Mr. Tritton, they staged a small attack exercise, which proved good training. Two more did a map~reading exercise on foot to Stelling Minnis. Both these parties returned by transport, which though late, turned up in the end. The other platoons, and the specialiSts, carried out training at the School. Prolllotions.-The following took efrect from 26th July, 1952, before Camp: To be Sgts.: P. Dawson', J. A. Rowe. To he L/Sgt.: R. A. Lamont, A. C. L. Gibson. . The following were made with effect from 23rd September, 1952 : To be Contingent Sergt.-Major: M. Herbert. To be Company Sergt.-Majors: G. F. Nash,.B. S. Salmon. To beC.Q.M.S.: P. H. Moss. To be Sgts.: R. H. C. Symon, R. A. Lamont, M. C. Turnor, C. W. Freyer, K.W. Fenton, J. R. Cap)Jrro. To be L/Sgts.: P. N. Baumann, D. H. Taylor, J. S. Harvey, D. H. W. Kelly,1. D. Maitland, R; G. Milne, R. A. G. Willoughby, M. J. Moore, S. N. Burbridge, A. M. J. Halsey. To be Bdr.: J. R. 'M, Harveyâ&#x20AC;˘. The following was made with effect from 24th November, 1952 : Cpl, A. H. M. Hoare to be L/Sgt.

. S9

""'.,

t" f ''I'

r THE CANTUARIAN

THE BOAT CLUB The First VIII will begin training at the end of the Christmas holidays at Putney. where Thames R.C. have again kindly 'offered us facilities. The crew will enter for the Schools' Head of the River race at Putney in March; they will start from last year's finishing position of 5th, and have a good chance of improving their place. A second eight will also be in training next term and it is hoped that they wjll enter for the Clinker division of the same race. At Fordwich this term, some useful varnishing and painting has been done ready for next term, when . there will be a full programme of tubbing and four-oared rowing for last year's members. D.S.G.

THE HOCKEY CLUB Hockey continues to be the major sport during the Easter Term, at teast until Athletics begin on March 1st, and, since nine players remain who played for the 1st XI at one time or another last year, the prospects are satisfactory. Several people hope to play for clubs during the holidays so that the team will not be unpractised at the beginning of the term. Home matches include games with Tonbridge and St. Lawrence besides the annual fixture with the Oxford Occasionals and, of course, the O.K.S.

THE BOXING CLUB

After a break of two years the Inter-House Boxing Cup is being competed for this term. The large entry has proved that the School's interest in boxing is far from extinct, and the eliminating bouts, fought to date, have been very encouraging. The finals are due to take place on December 16th.

J;i .

Next term there will be the usual matches against Eastbourne College, Tonbridge, and the City of London School.

,j""l.

... 11111

J11'

tlil

[i"

SHOOTING The Mullins Cup was won in July by School House with 522 points, Grange being runners-up with 517. Although the conditions were poor, nine people scored 69 out of a possible 70, so that in spite of the fact that there was tess ammunition for practice, the individual and team scores were much closer than in 1951. Next year the scores may be even better, for instead of the present Mossbergs we are being issued with No. 8 rifles: six for the VIII and six for the c.c.P., thus at long last providing a separate set of rifles for match shooting. . LIST OF MATCHES

Conditions Poillls for Poitlls against Result Dale King's versus Won 577 631 Poor 7.11.52 St. Edmund's Won 625 631 Poor 7.11.52 Kelly College The matches against Charterhouse, St. Paul's, Radley, and King's College, Taunton, came too late for inclusion in this term's Call/flarian. The following have shot for the VIII this term:-M. J. Moore (captain), I. D. Maitland, D. B. Malcolm, M. A. Thomson, D. H. Livesey, C. R. Grainger, H. R. J. Hoare, B. A. E. Duerinckx, N. Simunek, C. G. Haury. We owe a debt of gratitude to R.S.M. Marshall for his unfailing coaching and assistance, and also to Mr. Gross, Mr. Glover, Mr. Pollak, and Mr. Hope-Simpson for very kindly giving up their spare time to' take practices. M.J.M.

THE

CANTUARIAN

SWIMMING . T~e ~i~.mingrSOpoKrtsSwebre h~ld on the last Sunday of last term. Despite the miserable weather and the nva a ac Ion a . . . oatmg there was a good attendance Luxmoo H .h 1 points, retained the cup which th~y won the year before' Grange were sC:~nd o~~e,. Wit a t~ta of ~26 records were broken, one-the Senior Lifesaving-by ov~r four seconds Th b tnd~ 7: Pflffits. Five that of C. G. C. Houry, who, during the course of the afternoon, won 'five ~pe~ e~d~l. ua e . art was Last term was one of the most successful seasons since the war Th J . T b . Highgate but lost t~ the City of London SchooL The Senior Tea~ be:t ~~~~id~:butel~ r~hnbr~~ge and mrathc~es. The Semor Team managed to improve its time in the Bath Club Competiti~n beta' er h~O otiS, dropped back several places. u, m spite

an~l~ofr~f:. SThir~ I~:t%c~e~~ g:itffi~l~t~a~i~~fi~~:li:~B:~~~'C~~~S~~~~~dentwtieren'tY tBo MessMrs. dPaY,,!1ter were won.

y ronze

e a Ions

tO b d The Club's thanks are due to Mr. Paynter who gave up so many afterno onsWh0 IS .e now ownup at at theOxford. baths; Mr. Jones, our determined coach; and our enthusiastic captain , J .F. Fost er, W.J.L.

SQUASH CLUB

ot~~:tn:.~~~~oW;ca%X;ri~~~ ~k~~i.s t~~~~~1~::~~e~r~~7h. aC~r~~~i~o";f~~he2t~~h~I~:t ~)k

the apntt t e staRndaArd IS already higher than last year. The team to play Harrow was' P Baum~nn nM eeCn. a erson, . . Lawrence, P. J. D . Allen, D. C. Moor. " , . . We would like to thank Mr. Waddell for spending so much of his time helping us.

P. N. B.

FENCING CLUB t The Ciu~ has met hegu~arly for practic~s this term. The team, unchanged from last year's looks forward

f~rathis\~r~rs~~I/ r:!tc~~ every promise of good success: we go away to Harrow on November 29th All members have reason to be grateful to Colour-Sergeant Hirst ror his coaching.

Rc?s~rNCr~~~i'::~. ~~~ ~iit~:~ :S:t~~~1 ~:~~~~ tC~~h~~e;:~~w~rs:;~~sL~e;3~~gt~or.~n that day Prof. ~~~~~stsratl?n, lOS wbhlcChhhe w~s assisted by our instructor, himself a member of the Br~~ish Se~f~:~e:~d ervlCCS a re amplon two years ago. ' .Prof~sor Crosnier first explained to the audience of about 50 boys mostl

'la

~OIl'l~encmg, always in a lively and interesting manner, and then he fought wit~ Cor~~~ 'J'r~/udf~ents df

a~~~~tr:~~d i~~r~~;e~f~~eall~b~~ ~a;h: ~hn;:t ~'it. m~~~r:gl!itai~Pla~h~t~~h~i ~~~~~~:;~!ef~f.il~~J The Harrow Match.-Woolston was ill and unable to fence and though H d' would probably have turned in our favour a ~~~~yg~~d a':~~h s~~i~l~ute, OSbt y t~elye fights .to thirteen. We ~o~t the foil 7-9, and won the sabre 5-4. Dunn founht' well in '(he sa ret winDing all ll1s bouts and recelVlDg only three hits against. I)U e

~oo~ston's aggressive ta~tics

THE CANTUARJAN

THE MUSIC IN KING'S WEEK When King's Week was being planned a deliberate attempt was made to ensure that it was to consist mainly of School items, with the minimum of professional leavening. The project seemed ambitious and, as was inevitable with a series of changing programmes, the greatest challenge was offered to the musicians. A high standard was set them by the group of professional singers from Sadler's Wells who gave the opening concert in the Chapter House on the Monday afternoon. Excerpts in costume from Mozart's Marriage of Figaro and Cosi Fall Tutte were sung to a very large audience. At first the acoustics of the Chapter House seemed to worry the singers, but soon all was well and everyone enjoyed the programme whose only fault was its length. It is to be hoped that this group will visit the School again. On the following day the School Orchestra played its fi rst concert in a transformed dining hall, now known as the King's Hall. The heat that day was oppressive and the conditions were against the orchestra. In spite of this they surprised everybody and showed firstly the value of a strenuous period of rehearsals, and secondly the good acoustics of the King's Hall. The programme was varied. The orchestra was best in Vaughan Williams' Lark Ascending when Miles Baster, the leader, played the solo violin passage. Intonation, subtlety of phrasing and delicacy of interpretation were at their best in this. They were at their worst in Handel's Water Music Suite, when intonation and chording were not good. Several members of the orchestra had been selected previously as members of the National Youth Orchestra , including Baster; another soloist in the programme, was Featherstone, who played the solo trumpet in Âˇan orchestral arrangement by Mr. Boyle, the Director of Music, of Jeremiah Clarke's Trumpet Voluntary. At times, when Featherstone played towards the floor, the trumpet part became submerged, but here, obviously, was a performer who showed exceptional talent. After the Tuesday concert there was a very large demand for tickets for the Thursday concert at which the Hall was packed. There was a tense feeling of excitement and wonder among both the orchestra and the audience; this was to be a great test when, for the first time in the history of the School, a complete concerto was to be played. The programme opened with the Humperdinck overture Hansel alld Gretel. This begins with an exceedingly hard opening for the horns which was played very successfully. The next piece, Jarnefeldt's Praeludium, showed that a great effort had been made in rehearsal by the strings. Here was a graceful unanimity, unusual in school orchestras, which was the right setting for the tuneful woodwind solos. The audience and orchestra were now confident for the piece de resistance- the Grieg Pianoforte Concerto in A minor. The soloist was Ronald Smith, who is also on the teaching staff. There was from the beginning an obvious sense of sympathy between the soloist and the conductor, Mr. Boyle, and the performance was one with which many a professional orchestra would have been pleased. The orchestra seemed inspired for the occasion, and climaxes, fortissimos and pianissimos were far better controlled than on Tuesday. We were fortunate to be able to listen to such an accomplished soloist, whose experience and charm did so much to put the orchestra at their ease, and to produce an artistic unity. The remainder of the programme might easily have been all anticlimax. But in the Delius MQI:che Caprice the various solo passages showed some sensitive playing by the oboes and tIutes, a pleasure to hear after the overblowing by so many professionals.

THE GANTUARIAN

Mr. Boyle's piece Loveliest of Trees, which was scored specially for the orchestra seemed !nfact too heavIly orchestrated for its style and suffered accordingly. Written in 'a Delius Idl~m It IS a work WhICh deserves repetition. The concert ended happily with the bOIsterous March from SUite for Orchestra hy Gordon Jacob. The Military Band under Mr. Purcell gave concerts after lunch on Wednesday and Fflday, on the O~ks. We have grown accustomed to hearing them play well and we were not dIsappomted. The weather was almost too kind to them but the' visitors amongst them Gilbert Harding and the Brains Trust, who sat in the sun around th~ players, thoroughly enjoyed some CflSP and exciting playing. . The Messiah, on Saturday after~oon in the Cathedral, was the climax of the music m the Week. It wa~ an opportumty for a very large part of the School to perform About 120 were smgm!! and playing, whilst another 40 were helping with programme; and seats; It was a famIly effort. Olive Groves, Nancy Thomas, Heddle Nash and Owen Branmgan were the. four SOlOIStS who put the chOIr and orchestra on their toes and helped to make It a thnllmg performance. There were inevitably defects in bala~ce in some choruses; the trebles were weak at first, but improved; the basses were sometimes too wlilmg; but the general effect was on!, of refreshing spontaneity. In the interval the ~OIOlStS remarked on thelf personal enjoyment of singing with the choir and orchestra m such surround1Ogs .. Probably the most thrilling solo was The trumpet shall sound when the trumpet obhgato was flawlessly played by Harold Mackintosh the B B C trumpeter. ' . . . As the packed cong~egation rose to its feet for the Hallelujah Chorus, man of us present felt that It was 10 such a corporate expression that King's Week with it; k of rehearsals and preparatIOn, had been a success. ,wee s

THE CANTUARIAN This problem was discussed by General Lyne when he talked to the Sixth. The. General had s~rved with the occupation forces in Germany after the war, and had m~t a great many RUSSla l"!s, Two dommal!t traits in their character were the lack of understanding of anythmg but power, and their refusal to admIt that Russia was anything less than Utopian. The Politburo was afraid in 1945 that its army might be contaminated by the "bourgeois" armies, and one of the first actions it took was to oust the genial General Zhukov from his position in Berlin. The General carefuUy justified rearmament; N.A.T.O. had decided to rean~ when Russian delegates refused to play fair in the U.N. Assembly. The 1914-18 War began when one side rearme~ and the o~her had not. He hoped and believed that war would be averted by th~ Western preparations. ~uss mn s understood a show of force but could not understand the Western Ideal of peaceful compromise. He agreed that our rearmament was only half the battle towards world harmony and peace, but it was difficult to see what other steps could be taken besides our present propaganda methods. The U.N. Organiz<'ltion had not faiJed. An association only seven years old, with the '!lost difficult problems in the world to face, could not be expected to produce a perfect world har!llol.lY m so short a time. However, the Orga nization bad done.va luable work;. th? Wo rld Health Orga Ol za tH:~n had ~uccess Â fully tackled malaria; the Food and Agncultural Orgalllzatl<?D had do,~e good work In ~nd l~; tbe Children's Organization had given new hope to thousands of children. Dy Its work the OrgaOlzatlOn was securing vital support nmong the poverty stricken nations of the world . The Organization had arrested the fighting in Israel, Kashmir and I~donesia: Genet:al Lyn~ was ple~sed to see the United Nations making a firm stand in Korea an.d he emphasl~ed the IInpreS~I? n WhICh Amen.can diplomatists had made at Panmunjom by their quiet tenacIty. It was his persot:l<'l:l opmlOn that all n~tton s should be allowed tojoin the Organization. The General concluded by emphaslsmg the need for contmued unity among the Western Powers. Only with courage and patience can we achieve success' in our task of.overc~m~ng the fear, which. Russia and the satellite countries show. Mr. Eden has gone some way to aclueve ~hls m. Jugoslavia. It IS. to be hoped that we shall soon come to a satisfactory agreement with C~mm.ulllst Chma: The conclusIon of peace in Korea may take us to the threshold of a more settled 'pen~d! If ~ur task IS merely to conquer fear and not a belief that war between Capitalism and CommuDism IS Illevltable. P.O.

THE LECTURE-RECITAL OF MR. GERALD MOORE Guy Fawkes' Night was a slightly dangerous date for whic~ to arrange th~ visit of ,this ~minent accompanist. Nevertheless, he kept the whole School's attention nveted on the subJ~ct:-<>ne 10 wh ~c~ very few would have professed any interest whatsoever-for ~ver an hour. jlerhap.s thiS IS less surpnsmg to those who saw his series of television talks on approxImately the same subject : the part and nrt of accompaniment. Mr. Moore's overture set the tone of the whole talk. His assurance that accompaniment was not entirely of the ' dum dee dee, dum dee dee', style but rather the background, a lmosp ~ere, and even pedest~l for the voices found many echoes in the course of the evening. Up to a fe~ centunes ago the a~on~paOlment was negligible: but under ma'Sters like Schubert it reach~d a peak of Impc;>rtance from wh ich It had ,!ot since declined. Mr. Moore illustrated this point by playmg first the traditional and accepted strummmg type of background, and then the moving and thunderous accompa~lI~ent to Schubert's Erl King. He: went on to call forth, with remarkable skill, the sound of brooks, of dnppmg water. and even of leaves III the summer, from various songs, mainly by Schubert again. The art of accompanying is rather a different and more individual thing: Mr. Moor!?'s views were ~ery clear-cut and appreciable. One must achieve the atmosphere-leaves do not rustle like water flo.wmg; one cannot repeat the same tone in every verse-although the notes may be the sa ~e- beca use smgers do not deal with for instance weddings and deaths at si milar speeds and volumes, m the same tone of voice. All this w~s elementary ~nough, particularly with suc:h ideal ~xamples as he gave. But there ~as one even more elementary factor to which, it can be safelr said, f?w If an~ of the ave:ragt? hearers give any thought at all. 1n different halls with different acoustics, to different smgers and 10 different songs, the miserable accompanist must always remember 'Not too loud .... but not too soft !' . 64

â&#x20AC;˘ THE CANTUARIAN All these points were separated and st ressed by examples and it was indeed a pleasure to hear Mr. Moore playing. Although few samples were longer th an a verse or two of some song yet in so short a space an astonishing impres,sion was made on. the wh~le audiel~ce. Anecdotes, t~o, came' fast and frequent, and these were also appreciated- they combmed a nch expenence of the musical world, itself so easy to sat irise, with an observation too cheery to be cynica l and an ideally sedate but unsophist icated mode of narration. One must confess that by the end the majority were more st ruck with these stories than perhaps, with the splendid playing and enl ightening points. Yet had he sacrificed the number of stories' Mr. Moore would probably have lost the universal attention. As it was. he certainly did not fall int~ the lecturer's dilemma and lose both. J. de V.A.

PENNY READING The organisers of the Penny Reading which was given to the School on Sunday, November 9th, were fortunate in having as their guest the Rev. Clarence May. who contributed a dramatic interlude consisting of a conversation between David Copperfield and Uriah Heep. The cringing yet evil Uriah was presented with horrifying reality by Mr. May, who skilfull y contrasted his voice when speaking as David Copperfield , and almost convi nced liS, in true Ruth Draper fashion, that there were two people speaking. In response to the call for an encore, Mr. May declaimed a poem describing an incident in the American Civil War. The programme began with K. D. Agnew reading with moving simplicity a piece of John Masefield's prose, appropriate to Remembrance Sunday, on the embarkation of troops at Suvla Bay for the Gallipoli expedition . N. C. G. Raffle, who also introduced each item, then read in a delightfully droll manner Nell Cook from the Iligoidsby Legends, describing the queer goings-on in the Dark Entry. We echo feelingly his final advice to "bewa re of Nellie Cook" when we next pnss that way on a dark and stormy Friday night. C. W. Freyer's account of life in the Micawber household was enlivened by his portrayal of Dickens' characters, from the street-trader demand ing his money to the mistress of the house, relishing a pork chop in front of the kitchen fire one moment and falling down in a fit of hysterics the next. In much the sa me way the behaviour of Browning's character who goes to the laboratory to choose the poison with which she intends to dispose of her two rivals was described with obvious relish by D. Clift, who made the most of a rather difficult piece. The reading was concluded by M. Herbert with the famous "packins" episode from J. K. Jerome's Three Melt ill a Boat; his nat, even tone was exactly suited to the humour of the piece, and each of the inevitnble blunders of the three men was greeted by a roar from the audience.

The music was a pleasa nt Trio Sonata by Loeillet, played by members of the Music Circle. The ensemble and the tone were both good, and it was noticeable how music, in contrast to the spoken word, seems not to lose itself in the Chapter House roof, but to come down with added quality and resonance. The final item was a n excerpt from The Importallce 0/ Beilll: Eal'l/est by Oscar Wilde. Considering the absence of scenery and the somewhat unusual costume-excepting, of course, that beautiful yellow waistcoat which adorned the chest of Algernon Moncrieff-the effect was satisfying and enjoyable. W. E. Eustace, as Lady Bracknell, was imperious, shocked, overbearing and domineering all within a few brief moments. One was left with no doubt as to who wore the trousers in that family. The remainder of the cast, all of whom had previously taken part in the reading, were admirable, and we are very grateful to them and to everyone for giving us such an ext remely pleasant evening. J.O.S.

THE CANTUARIA N

ARE WE LOSING OUR ANCIENT TRADITIONS? For twenty years I have been advocating the preservation of ancient traditions in this country. An instance of the loss of one of those traditions which have helped to make this country famous came to light the other day. I was in search of material for the biography of Paul Drayforde, Lord Callington, on which I am engaged, when I discovered the following letter from Lord Callington to a close friend. May I quote what I feel relevant? Callington Park. 26th June, 1898.

My dear Jonathan, ..... Dressing gowns serve as a delight for the aristocracy. A dressing gown is the uniform for the participation of the nightcap. It is the uniform for the easy-chair after 11 o'clock, for talk on the deterioration of the political heritage of this country. Only those who can remember the good old days may wear them with a feeling of equanimity. According as the standard of the wearer rises in the social and political scale so the gown should become flimsier and brighter. It is the delight of the aged aristocrat, when with his family around him, he can graduate to the brilliant hue of a Chinese-dragon silk dressing gown after the unrelieved black of a day in the Lords. Those who have held high office may properly share the privilege of a cillar in their dressing gowns. These were the secrets of the Dressing Gown Club. Long, long ago, I was initiated as a young man by the late Lord Allardyce. The Dressing Gown Club was indeed select for it accepted as members only those of Her Majesty's Upper House who had held office. Unknown to the world they took dinner at a small hotel in the brilliance of their dressing gowns. Now that the club has, alas! passed out of existence, I feel I may confide in you. I am the last surviving member of a lost tradition. You are the second outsider to know of the club and I trust that you will not divulge your knowledge. It may interest you to hear of the first outsider who heard of the club's secrets. At the hotel where the members of the D.G.C. were accustomed to dine there was employed an astute young headwaiter. He was an educated and intelligent young man though with no parentage of note. He had been through the schools proper for such servants and would, I suppose, have become an hotel manager or owner eventually. His sharp eyes did not miss the number of noble lords who arrived at the hotel once a week. Neither did the fact that they dined in secret escape his notice. What was most peculiar was that all but three carried little bags with them, and that the three without bags were always the most youthful of the party. At the time the meaning of the letters D.G.C. which was whispered around the hotel and the highest circles in London, was a mystery to one and all, for even its membership was not public. All these problems faced the young man and he determined to solve them if he could. One winter evening in January, James Gordon, for such was the young man's name, watched the arrival of the members of the D.G.C. As usual they went into the small dining room of the hotel, all but three carrying their little black bags. Their dinner was laid out beforehand, in special ovens on the sideboard. When the last member had arrived, the door was locked and some hours later the members filed quietly out with their bags again and took carriages home. 66

THE CANTUAR IAN

. On the next day James had the day off, .and, while walking home, he pondered once agam the problem of the D.G.C. He notIced the shop .wlJldows advertising the huge January sales soon to be opened. One notIce III partIcular attracted his attention ' "DresslJlg Gowns Cut to Half Price". The first letters of each word were very large; red and banded WIth gold. It reminded hIm that he needed a new dressing gown Then suddenly he wondered where he had seen those first three large letters before. "D.G.C.Why, the Dressmg Gown Club! How fantastic", he said to himself and dismissed it from his mmd. ' " However, the idea continually returned to his mind. He pondered on the subject. They must take dlll.ner [~ theu' dressmg gowns", he thought, laughing to himself at the fantasy of the ~o!lon. . Why, of course", he added, "they bring their dressing gowns m theIr httle bags. . ~,galJl he laughed. "That is why they don't let anyone see them." He wondered agam, Wh~, are there always those three without bags then?". The an~wer c~me [mmed13tely-. We supply no walters: those must be their own. A waiter's umform

the same as evemng dress!"

. Up to this time ~is thoughts had been merely those of a fantastic story-writer, playing Idly wIth pleasmg Ideas, but he suddenly reahsed that hIS thesis fitted the facts perfectly. Again he dismissed the ideas from his mind, but they returned and his convictions grew. By the next Thursday, for that was the meeting day of the D.G.C., he summoned up courage to attack one of the members as to the contents of his bag. He chose the oldest a~d most lllfir~ member. On the entrance of Lord Allardyce, James went boldly up to h[.m and satd, Wh~ have rou brought your dressing gown in that little bag?". He saw [mmedtately that hIs surll11se was correct! A few minutes later he was solemnly ushered into the presence of the President of the D.G.C. and became the first unl1tled member of the club. There seemed no other way m whICh we could ensure the secrecy of the D.G.C. Soon afterwards James Gordon was created first Bar~Jl\ Dorbury. His creation shows, my dear Jonathan, the inlluence that the Lords had In those good days. Unhappily, James Gordon never held office and thus became the first and last member of the club without that distinction, for, alas! the club [S no more ..... I am your good friend ever, dear Jonathan, P.D.

AMERICAN LETTER We quote from a letter dated 30th July last, written by the Rector of an important Ep[scopal Church in . the United States, to whom we had been able to show some kmdness [n the preceding year. Before The Cantuarian is in print, the Presidential election wIll have long been settled, and perhaps some readers may think this letter out-of-date' as to I?rophecy it will be, but it is valuable in showing intimately how ordinary people i~ Ameflca have been thinkmg about their problems : "So much has happened in this past year in this :world of ours which, in our time, knows such rapId .rev~lutlOnary cbange. We m Ameflca, III our really new position in the world, don t qUIte know bow to use our power, torn as we still are between those who feel that we should conserve o~r position and strength between these two oceans, and those who see our respons[b[l[l1es as very strongly world wide. Even among those who 67

â&#x20AC;˘

THE CANTUARjAN

â&#x20AC;˘

wish us to take a strong place in the world there is division as between a European and an Asiatic emphasis. The problem cuts across both Republican and Democratic Party lines and all groups are active in both Parties. "We don't like the Korean situation with its 150,000 casualties. We can't understand why we can't quickly win a military victory, and we are exasperated at the news of a tremendous North Korean military build-up during the long drawn-out armistice negotiations. We are uncertain and not a little fearful; he.nce ,?ur action on Communists in this country and our recent passage of a very sad ImmIgratIOn BIll. "We are now going through about our most disruptive experience, our Presidential Candidate Nominations and the Election. Everything seems to be geared to it. Congressional legislation and Presidential action seem to be made with mind on their effect on the vote next Fall. If this business of Primary Elections and the varied procedures in vario us States and, latterly, our Party Conventions have been confusing to many in Britain, may I say that they are utterly confusing to us here ! "However, something new has been added . Because of Television, our people are informed about men and procedures and issues as they have never been before. Committee hearings can no longer be held in secret, the deals of 'smoke-filled rooms' are apparent. Causes and cases and speeches and Parliamentary decisions and the behaviour of delegates were brought by Television into the homes of millions of people. We have seen the jockeying for position and the manreuverings of the Cit!' bos~es . Much ~at has been seen is not liked, and the effect ofth,s new medIa of mformahon WIll be revoluhonary. People will, I think, demand better behaviour and more honest procedures. As an aside, speakers have discovered that wearing. a blue suit makes for ~ better appearance before a Television audience than does wearmg a grey one, that a httle facral make-up helps! I read that they have not yet found a way to counteract the appearance a balding head makes on this screen! "General Eisenhower felt the effect of a televised poor appearance when he made his first speech after his return to this country. Wearing a raincoat, reading an address in a driving rain, wearing civilian clothes which have none of the glamour of a General's uniform, the effect was terrible. "We have two excellent candidates for the Presidency. Both are top calibre and both have an excellent zeal for our International responsibilities. Whether General Eisenhower IS as informed on National issues and problems as is Governor Stevenson is questioned by many. Certainly he is in a new arena of activity, and he has at times appeared to be a little confused by the ways of precinct politicians and city bosses. However, we can be sure that as far as General Eisenhower and Governor Stevenson are concerned, the campaign will be waged on a high level and above personalities. "Four years ago General Eisenhower could have had the Democratic nomination on a silver platter, and there is little doubt but that he would the.n have been. elected. Today the situation is very different. He has a very dIfficult campaIgn before him, and the nfls left in the Republican Party by their bitter convention are deep. It will be hard hitting every step of the way. In civilian clothes, he IS n? longer a hero on. a pedest,;L The Democrats are out to win and the General now IS Just another Repubhcan pohhclan to be taken apart. The transfer from the ordered military life which has become so much a pllrt of him for all these years involves tremendous adjustments. It IS sad that he must be subjected to this ordeal. . 6~

THE CANTUAR IAN

"I do want to say, too, that the death of His Majesty, King George VI, was widely felt here, and III every major city and 111 hundreds of others, memorial services were held on the day of the funeral. He was closer to us, perhaps, than was any previous monarch. We remembered his visit before the War. He and the then Queen Elizabeth captured our hearts. I remember partlcularly how they both entered into the spirit of an outdoor party, a "hot dog" roast, held by President and Mrs. Roosevelt at their Hyde Park home. Our papers referred to him as 'George the Good'. He stood for us as one whose devotion 10 duty was brave and absolute, and whose standards of life were high through a time in which there has been for us, at least, looseness and moral breakdown."

A PAGE OR TWO OF GOOD THINGS (The following prose reminiscence of Rupert Brooke's Great Lover forms the conclusion of a little known book, Two Men- A Memoir. This was published privately in 1919, and consists mostly of letters and extracts from the diaries of two Shrewsbury masters, M. G. White and E. H. L. Southwell, written ill the year between September, 1915, when they left Shrewsbury to join the Rifle Brigade, and Ihe late slimmer of 1916, when they were both killed in the Battle of the Somme. This Page or Two of Good Things was written by Southwell. He was a King's Scholar at Eton and a Demy at Magdalen College, Oxford; he rowed in Ihe Oxford boals of 1907 and 1908, and in the latter year was spare man for Ihe Olympic Eight. /111910 he went as a classical master to ShrewsbUlY, where he coached the Eight, and was responsible for its first appearance at Hellley in 1912. The last words recorded in Southwell's diary shortly before he was killed are.' "till jinally round came the lIight parade, and with it always the splendid and eternally unique expectation of Morning".) These are some of the things I love, and God pity those who find nothing dear among all of them. Maps; and route marches. And Gothic architecture; yes, and the little Village Spire rising out of the green. And Hills; hills from the plains, or the plains from the hills-I do not know which is better. Autumn Mists, and new Books, ~nd the Sound of Early Football; . and, WIth that, a Large Table and a Scho1ar'~ MOflung, and the Memory of Many PatIent Men unsung. Small brooks and slUIces amLd the water-meadows and their reeds like tongues offire : and great rivers also, and big ships that ride them in th~ harbour. And Dust in eady spring, and the great white road swinging over the Downs, and the lane that brings you to the fairies in the lonely dingle. Bach's Fugues also, and the sad songs of much infantry singing together. And bridges, whether over water or rail especially if there is the sun dancing over all. And green fields after London but more' London after the wilderness. Old books and their fragrance and their endle~s columns: And Paintings by Murillo: horseback at dawn: railway journeys, long and book-full: and running, but ~ot fast 01' far; for I am a poor athlete. Sleep; and food after hunger; and dnnk after th"st, especrally Brown Army Tea 111 the heat: and trees, especially the sliver bIrch and the shm lady poplar: and Freneh peasants a nd their kind farewells: and Eton's fields under midsummer floods in boiling June, with the Winchester match to follow. Bells,. especially in the Jess dear places, for these bring a swifter memory; as y~ ll may hear 111 the ward at Hazebrouck, and remember many great towers and little belfnes of home. And there are good things to be dOlle in a boat with the. right man to help, and the right part of the river to do them in , and no crowds shouting, unles.s it be

THE CANTUARIAN

in the re-told tales when the lamps are lit and the row is over. And that is a good moment when the dusty Company piles arms in bivouac after a long day; but less good than "Stand Down" after a night of watching, when the larks fly neutral over No Man's Land and the sun has made up his mind. And the ancient Greek tongue, because it is the perfect tongue; and the Latin, because it has fought and conquered the centuries. And a high wind on the Shropshire hills is good, and the smell of hay at evening. Arid the theatre and full-hearted applause, such as men and women give in England, but not in France, where they do it for hire. And best, surely, is the coming home on leave of a soldier I But most, far most of all, that which I most rarely find; and what it is you will look in vain to guess, for I cannot and will not tell. (From Two Men: A Memoir)

THE SOCIETIES The Debating Society has met for the inaugural meeting of its 1952-3 session after an unfortunately prolonged recess. Chairmen of the Society include the Rev. S. B-R. Poole, K. A. C. Gross, Esq., A. S. Mackintosh, Esq., P. Pollak, Esq., D. S. Geodes, Esq., and D. A. Lawrence, Esq. Mr. Mackintosh took the Chair at the first meeting, and the Constitution in its revised form was read through and provisionally endorsed. The motion was then considered: "That the number of Societies in this School has increased, is increasing. and ought to be diminished". After one or two uncomfortable but several very entertaining speeches the motion was rejected by 17 to 3. Subsequently it was decided that the provisional committee of N. C. G. Raffle, C. W. Freyer, B. D . S. Lock, G. S. Spathis, and J. de V. Allen should remain at least for this term. A Balloon Debate followed later. The Marlowe Society has met but twice this term, when M. J. Moore read a pleasant paper on "Aspects of French Life", from the term he spent at a school in the French Alps. At another meeting, H. J. Meadows Esq., read a paper on W. H . Hudson, an author previously little known to the Society. ' The Pater Society has reorganised itself after more of a failure in body than in spirit. Indeed, in the Spring Term the Society provided the facilities for Prof. A. D. F . Kitto to give a very interesting lecture to its members and local members of the Classical Association. The paper was entitled "Greek and Shakespearian Tragedy". During the Summer a thoroughly successful day-excursion was made to inspect Richborough Castle; and early this term an expedition was made to Folkestone to hear Prof. J. P. O. D. Balsdon's very amusing lecture on the impact of Rome upon Greek civilisation. B. D. S. Lock has now been delivered of his interesting paper on the Catalinarian Conspiracy, which was followed by refreshments. S. Freebaim Smith bas also given a paper entitled "From Commodus to Constantine". The Harvey Society has met weekly for papers given by the members. A lecture contest was held, which was won by N. J. B. Wright. Perhaps the most spectacular meeting was a demonstration by G. O. Jones (Hon. Secretary), in conjunction with Mr. Yates, of several chemical reactions! A visit was paid to the Faversham Brewery; the next excursion will be, it is hoped, to the Ford Works at Dagenbam. The Walpole Society has met regularly; papers have been given, on Japan by K. A. C. Gross, Esq., and on Italy by J. R. L. Petherbridge; Pygmalion and A1/drocles and the Lioll have been read; and further stories and music have been heard. A visit to Mrs. Gross proved very pleasant, as did an annual dinner in the Old House; finally they have visited the Archdeacon of Canterbury. In all, this term has been a success. The Somner Society has not been inactive, although the Dormitory Site excavations have progressed little. Papers, however, have been given on Malmesbury Abbey by R . G, S. Adams (Han. Sec.); on Hertfordshire Villages by G. Bailey: on Romanesque Architecture in France by F. A. Voigt, Esq. (president); on Heraldry by J. D. B. Walker; and on the Kentish Stour (with illustrations) by R. H. Goodsall, Esq., of the Canterbury Archaeological Society. The Caxton Society has been much busier even than usual: there has been a large queue of commissions to be dealt with. The Headmaster has recently provided a new machine, and Mr. Peett continues to give the benefit of his valuable experience. As a result of an exchange of samples with K.C.S., Wimbledon, man)' new techniques await experiment; it is hoped that the position is reciprocal.

TH E

CANTUAR JAN

The Natural Hi story Society and Farming Club are naturally less active at this time of year. A shortlecture contest, however, was won by P. Furneaux; and a very successful meeting was held for the visit .of Roland Green, Esq., the well-known bird artist. There has been an excursion to Sandwich and there were two other lectures: "Corals", by J . D. Lanning, Esq., and "Sheep-Farming", by D. St~iner, Esq. The Photographic Society has had several meeti ngs this term. D. C. Ryeland has read a paper on Âˇtin ting and framing; and the epidiascope was used for a show entitled " Highland Holiday'" while M. J. B. Wright has given a cine show and talk on the rudiments of photography. There has also been a lecture-"Portraiture"- by G. S. Spathis, and a cine-projector show by P. Mills, Esq., of the Canterbury Cine Club. Meanwhile the enlarger is now in use and is a great asset. The Railway Society is another to have been very active. With a membership of over 35 it has had two films and a series of ten-minute lectures. M. A. Chawner (Hon. Sec.) has given a pa~r on "Railway Photography". Work on the model railway has been limited, but enjoyable. The Madrigal Society has given one performance- some of Brahms' Liebslieder Waltzes were sung to -the Music Circle. The Society is due to appear at a later date with a selection of part-songs and some Yugoslav folk-songs arranged by Matyas Seiber. More often, though, singing has been private, with no public performance in view. The Music Circle has been formed, under the presidency of M. C. Boyle, Esq., with Mrs. Reynolds, .1. G. Sugden, Esq. , J. R . Waddell, Esq., D. R. Lawrence, Esq., and J. Hope-Simpson, Esq., as VicePresidents, for the purpose of private performances by the members. The Madrigal Society has given .one performance, and there have been four concerts at which chamber music has been heard. J. DE V.A.

THE CANTUARIAN

O.K.S. NEWS (The HOllorary Secretary. Major D. J. B . Jervis, Dawn Cliff. GOOdHlill Road, St. Margaret's Bay. Dover". would welcome in/ormation for inelusion ill lite OX.S. NeHls. Challges of address should be IIolified to hiM alld not to the Editor.)

The O.K.S. Dinner will take place at the Park Lane Hotel, London, on Wednesday, 7th January, 1953.. The O.K.S. Dinner Dance will be held on Friday. 17th April, 1953 at The Rembrandt Rooms, Soutb Kensington. Application fo r tickets should be made to W. C. Young, Fa ir Acres, Tydcombe Road, Warling. ham, Surrey. COL. C. H. BARNETI (1919- 25) is now in the Cana l Zone. N. E. O. BEHRINGER (1945-47) after three years in a Public Accountants Office has now joined the' eashel St. Branch of the Australia & N. Zealand Bank Ltd" Christchurch, N, Zea land, B. W, H, BI\ACKENBURY (1934- 39) is at the Secretariat, Enugu, Nigeria. He hopes to be home next year for Speech Day. LT,-COL. F. A. EUSTACE (1920- 26) is Commanding 45 Commando Royal Marines Malta Forces .. W. H. p, HAYES (1935-40) is now a Sergeant in the R,E. (Postal Section) at Singapore. W, N. HAYES (1933-37) obtained his Majority in July, 1952 and is stationed at Jinja, Uganda, with 4th (U) Battalion K.A.R. He hopes to come home wi th wife and son in the Spring. W. DE ST. LUCAS (1895-02) hopes to arrive in England from S. Australia next March for about six. months, the first time si nce 1919. C. McK. CRAY (1940-45) is with Railway Operating Dept. of London Transport. He obtained 2nd Class Hons. Degree in Economics. J, S. PAGE (1924-32) since 1950 has been stationed near Dibrugarh in Assam and hopes to be home' next year for the Coronation. P. F. PAGE (1932- 36) is in charge of the Egugu Township Police. D. L. QUESTED ( 1940-47) is in 42 Commando with Malta Forces, D. D, RENNIE (1929-34) has returned to England from Malaya. R. SAW (1901-03) has given 36 of his rare first editions (including 16 of Byron) to the Rhodesia University Association for the library of the Arts Faculty. P. H. STARNES (1935-39) became an Army Chapla in in August, 1952. R. G . WALTERS (I945-49)joined R.N .V.R. at H,M.S. Raleigh for national service and has been accepted for a temporary commission in Engineering Branch. He has obtained his B.Sc. (Eng.) degree with 2nd class Hons. at London University after three years as a student at Southampton University. H. P. WORTHAM (1933-39) is now at Aysgarth School, Bedale, Yorks., as House Tutor and Headmaster's Assistant. C. A, M. RICHARDSON (1904-07) is also at Aysgarth School, Bedale, Yorks., as Director of Music. F. ALLANSON (1944-46) started his National Service in August with the R.A.S,C. at Blenheim Barracks. Aldershot. L. H. ATKINS (1947- 52) is doing his Service in the Royal Navy and hoping to cont inue as a Coder Special (Russian). J. BUCKLAND (193 1- 33) has had his first work, for strings, Pieta, performed on the Third Programme and we understand it is to be published shortly. He writes: " I wrote some mllsic last April fo r the Old Vic Theatre and discove red myse lf one of four O.K,S. involved in the Old Vic". Two of the others were Douglas Wilmer (1933- 38) and Dan Thorndike (1934-38), but who was the third? CLIVE BRENNAN (1947- 52) is now serving with the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers. He writes: " I have been here for just over a week now and received my first week's pay yesterday- l 51-. ] sincerely hope that ] will never have to work so hard for 15/- again, We work a sixteen hour day, rising at 5 a,m. and getting. to bed when we can, usually about midnight " . 72

THE CANTUA R I AN P. J. BILLINGHURST (1947- 51) writes that the six O,K.S, at Sandhurst arc all in different Companies .so see little of each other. P. J. CRE!ASY is attached to a holding Company situated in the grounds and starts his Junior Term in March. Billinghurst himself, G, S. WATK INS, T, J. ]RLAM and A. S. MITCHELL]NNES all hope to be commissioned in July, 1953 and R. G, H. LOWRY in February, 1954. Althougb routine .can become a little monotonous after the first eight weeks life at the Academy is "fairly sweet". D. COURTIER DUTION (1947- 52) is now training for flying crew duties in the R.A,F.-as a probable navigator, T. J. DOCKSEY (1946-52) and J. L. A. GIM~LETr have found themselves at the same R.A,F. School of Recruit Training at Hednesford, Staffs., but by now have gone on to their training for trades. NICK FLOWER (1935- 44) was, when we last heard, hoping for a job as a Patent Agent, with some Development Company. ]AN FOWLER (1947-5 1) is now commissioned in the Green Howards and is stationed at Barnard Castle. H. J. FRAMPTON (1947- 52) writes that for his first day in the Army he could heartily wish that he was back at School. His room-mates included an Old Etonian, a Cockney who spent three years in a Reform :School and a gentleman who constantly sang sent imenta l songs. He is with the R.A,C. and when he wrote was at Catterick. L. H, GOBLE! (1915- 19) was recently promoted Administrative Secretary to the Government of N igeria; D. P. NORTH (1944-47) has been an Administrative Officer in Nigeria for the past two years; J. C. NORTIlWAY (1942-44) is an Assistant Auditor in Northern Rhodesia, while A. G. OUSELEy-SMITH (1939-43) has just begun as an Agricultural Officer in Uganda and J. K. EOOUTI (1940-45) as an Administrative Officer in Sierra Leone. J. B. GOUDO!!. (1935-40) is a personnel officer in the London Office of the Colonial Development Corporation and enjoying it. He and his wife spent their honeymoon in Majorca, D. R. HOLLAND (1942-44), having resigned his Commission in the Gunners, tried unsuccessfully to transfer to the Cavalry, which he had always wanted, so resigned his commission and re-enlisted in the 5th Royallnniskilling Dragoon Guards. He is now serving in Korea but has been recommended for a regular R.A.C. comm ission, He tells us that ALAN HILL was in Korea"last yea r as a Captain with the Royal Ulster Rifles, and is now married to a Benenden girl whom he first met when both Schools were in Cornwall. One of the innumerable W.O .S.B. forms sent lately for the Headmaster's signature was that of GEORGE HAt..tDER (1946-52), who is in the R.E.'s. He was then at Norton Camp, Worcester, but is now believed to be at ,.Aldershot. J. G. BOLLOM (1946-49) was in the same intake with him, J. G. HEWSON (1946-50) is still with the Navy in the Mediterranean, serving in H.M.S. Dieppe, After six weeks at Port Said he spent a fortnight in Malta where the ship was visited by the C.-in-C., Admiral Earl MOllntbatten of Burma. Shortly afterwards they embarked an H.A,A. regiment with vehicles and troops and left for Tripoli where they spent a couple of days wit h the temperature around 101 0 in the shade. The Capta in of one of the Tank Landing Craft in Company was F. C. B. BROWN. They both went ashore wearing O.K.S, ties. Later their Tank space was loaded with 4,000 cases of beer and they left for the lonian Islands where the large ships had a whaler pulling regatta, and they set up a wet canteen on shore. He managed to see some of the Greek villages and later visited Navarino Bay, Cape Matapan and the Piraells, where they had several social events with the Greek Navy and met many of the members of the British Embassy and the British Naval Mission. When writing, he was at Tobruk waiting for something to happen. We now hear that he has joined a Motor Minesweeper for Hong Kong, P. H. HONOUR (1941-46) is doing research work for the PrintMroom of the British Museum on English arti sts of the XVIlth century. MICHAEL JORDAN (1942-46) is on the staff of Nevill Holt Preparatory School near Market Harborough. I. N. A. JONES (1947-51) is with the Royal Fusiliers and has also been picked out as a Potential Officer. K. y, JONES (1938-41) has been commissioned by UNESCO to write a quintet for wood-wind. D. H. KENNEDY (1947- 52) is awaiting his call-up for the R,N.Y.R, M. G. LUPTON (1947- 52) is with the R,A. in N, Wales. D. H. MIZEN (1946-50), after 15 months in the Suez Canal Zone with the R.A" where he met RICHARD ROBERTS, R. E. W, ROBERTS and 1. D. HILL, is now working with a firm of stockbrokers in the City and finds it very interesting.

THE

CANTUAR IA N

J. D. Moss (1937-39) was largely responsible ,for this year's Ice Revue at Bou~~ernouth, which l~e devised and produced and for which he d id the Lyncs and th~ Choreography. In addltton ~oth he and his, wife were skating in the show which the loca l reporter cons idered to be the best put on Since the war.

P. H. MANN (1945-50) has started his training at the Royal Veterinary College. J. B. PHrLLlPS (1947-52) is with the Royal Signals at Catterick; B. D. A. PHILLIPS (1947-52) is in thesame hut.

J. D. D. PORTER ( 1947- 52) began his R.A.F. training at Melksham and has no,w ,been ~ccepted for Aircrew training as a Navigator. He is now in the IsIC? of Man and hopes to be commissioned l!l Febr~ary . He writes' " l met JEREMY BENSTED who used to be In Walpole, here, the other day. He has Just finished his course'and is waiti ng for his co~m ission. He told me that he met GRAY (who lIsed to be in Luxmoore} by acciden tally st raying into his ga rden during a night exercise". Porter hopes to be go ing to Canada in March. R. E. W. ROIJERTS (1945-47) is now in his first term at Christ Church, Oxford, reading History.

R. C. READING (1947- 51) was 40th out of 100 candidates for twenty places in the Roya l N~lVY. Speciat Entry last January, and is now an apprentice i.n the A~glo-Saxon Petroleum Company, the sh lpPlOg part of the Shell Company. When he wrote, on hiS first tnp, he had .already been. three-quarters of the way round the world and visited America, Cura~ao, Panama, Australia, Borneo, Smgapore, Portuguese East Africa and South Africa. D. 1. C. SNOXALL (1946- 52) represented Oxford University in the Freshmen's athletics mat?h against Cambridge in the Pole Vault and took third place. I. G. C. MILNE (1946-50) ran very well m the 220and A40 yards in the Seniors' Trials at Cambridge. F. W. THOMAS (1939-40) is hoping to enter a Brazilia.n University in .orde,r to . obtain an accountin.8degree. He is working in a management consultant servI<?C, t~e first of Its kmd. m. the country, and. ISmeeting with considerable success. He writes: "The field IS wide open ~s the ~aJonty. of the compaOlCS here have had little or no technical assistance from abroad. The work IS very mterestlOg and the scope tremendous. I believe Brazi l has a great future but I do not think it can be attained by the Brazilians alone". J. D. TWF.LL.S GROSSE (1939-44) has a temporary post at Temple Grove Preparatory School in Sussex, doing mostly P.T. and Games with probably some Latin! â&#x20AC;˘ . THE REVEREND HORACE SPENCE has ve'ry kindly sent us his scholar's surplice to help out the presen.t shortage.

J. MICHAEL BROWN is now Captai n of Boats at Selwyn College, Cambridge. C . G. S. PATERSON AND J. M. WAIT were again in the winning crew (Jesus I) at Cambridge Head the River Race.

D. E. H. CLEGG (1947-51) is Coffee Planting in Southern India. He played for Mad ras in the All India Rugger Tournament at Colombo and has met the VERNE~DE brothers, one of the GOULDSBURYS and R AE STEELE. The latter, we were so rry to learn, had been 111: we hope he has now fully recovered. The London O.K.S. Suppers The following have attended recent O.K.S. Suppers. These are held regul arly on the first Wednesday of the month at the Garrick Hotel, Charing Cross Road, at 7 p.m. for 7.30 p.m. :-M. G. Baker (1938-43), C. W. Barber ( 1907-14), R. J. L. Breese ( 1942--45), A. Burr (1940--45), W. T. M . Burr (1936-39), G. L. Clarke (1938--41), E. H. Cornelius (1938--43), M. D. C . Evans (1938--41), R . C. U. Fisher (191518), D. W. Fitchett ( 1938--42), A. J. Grey (1936--41), J. A. B. Heslop (1938--42), C. E. Latter ( 1916-25), J. D. D. Porter (1947- 52), A. D. Wilson (1935--40), H. P. Wortham (1932- 39), W. C . Young (1929-38).

[

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CANTUAR I AN

O.K.S. Golfing Society The Autumn Meeting was held at Canterbury on Saturday, 11th October, 1952. G. A. Young J. S. Brett S. B. Reeves N. V. Bacon

CAPTAIN'S PRize = 73 G. Arnold 94 less 20 ~ 74 P. H. Arnold 82 less 7 = 75 D. E. Bacon 82 less 6 = 76 M. Barton

N. V. Bacon & Johnson S. B. Reeves & J. S. Brett D. E. Bacon & V. Ba rton

FOURSOMES STAPLEFORD COMPETITION ... 37! F. R. Hamp & Kemp ... 34 13/ 16 M. Barton & C lift ... G. Arnold & Tymms ... ... 343/16

77 less 4

83 85 85 98

less less less less

6 8 8 20

~ ~ ~ ~

77 77 77 78

3Ji

33, 321

BIRTHS BLACKMoRE.- On 12th May, 1952, to Marjorie, wi fe of John Blackmore (1 935- 37), a son (Simon Paul). BRADFIELD.-On 4th November, 1952, to Hazel, wife o f D r. Parker Bradfield (1937- 41), a daughter. EVANs.- On 291h June, 1952, to Audrey, wife of P. J. Evans ( 1936-40), a son. JONEs.- On 20th October, 1952, to Anna, wife of K . V. Jones (1938-41), a son (Anthony Kenneth Peter). MALLoRIE.- On 18th Ju ly, 1952, to Ursula, wife of Squadron~Leader Paul Mallorie (1936-40) a son (Edward Richard). ' PooLE.- On 24th November, 1952, to Esme, wife of the Rev. Joseph Poole (1922-28) a sister (Katharine Lake) for Damian, Giles and Gillian. ' POWELL.- On 18th July, 1952, to Lucinda, wife of 1. 1-1. Powell (1937- 40), a son.

MARRIAGES BAKER- HoPWOOD.- On Saturday, 20th September, 1952, by the Headmaster, Michael Baker (at School Chatterton) (1938-43) to Marjorie Pamela, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C. J. W. Hopwood, 41 St. John's Wood Court, N.W.S. CRAY--:-WHATLEY.- On 28th June, 1952, Colin McKenzie C ray ( 1940-45) to Evelyn Christ ina, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C. W. What ley, of Caterham. GOUDGE- HARVEY.-On Saturday, 20th September, 1952, John B. Goudgc (1935-40) to Elizabeth Bissell, daughter of the Jate Lt.-Col. A. F . B. Harvey, R.A.) and of Mrs. Harvey, Woodhatch, Hartfield, Sussex. WATf- WALKER.- On Saturday, 20t h September, 1952, J. M. Watt (1944-49) to Carol, daughter of M r. and Mrs. M. H. Walker, Wansbeck House, Haswell , Co. Durham.

OBITUARIES THE REVEREND WILLIAM FRANCIS COBB (K .S. 1879-1885) W. F. Cobb, son of the Rev. William Francis Cobb, died at SI. Leonards on September 6th of this year, aged 86. He became a Scholar in 1881, reached the Sixth, was a Monitor and a member of the XV. He went to Emma nuel and Ridley Hall, and was ordained in 1889. For many years he was a missionary in India, a nd at o ne time Principal of St. John's College, Lahore. Returning home, he became Rector of Nettlestead, Maidstone, from 1914, subsequently holding other benefices. There were six Cobbs at the School from the '60's to the '80's, apparently all sons of two clerical families: Henry Venn Cobb- a great Indian Magistrate-whose portrait hangs in the Hall , died only two or three years ago. LI EUTENANT-COLONEL LESLIE LA TROBB FOSTER, M.C. (K.S . 1906-1911) We greatly regret to record the death of Colonel Foster on September 9th last at the ea rly age of 60. He was in the XV for the years 1909 and 1910: and obtained his Sports Colours in 1911, when he went to Trini ty, Oxford, where he had a Freshma n's Trial. He came down from Oxford with an Honours degree in History in June, 1914, and on the declaration of war immediately volunteered for service with 75

THE CANTUARIAN the Royal Marine Artillery. Comm issioned in the Novemb,er. he serv~d witl~ that famous Corp,s throughout the wa r. He ga ined the Military Cross and was three tlines .M~ntloncd In pesP,alches by Sir Douglas H aig for bravery and devotion to duty though :wounded. T~e ci tation rea~s: Major L. L. Foster, M.e. He made a bold attem pt to extricate his Howitzer and eqUIpment by takmg a bye lane after the enemy had penetrated the Battle Zone o n March 23rd, 191 8 . . . . He saved the Howitzer and part of the mounting. after the enemy had penetrated the main road in the rear of them. "

When war was agai n declared in 1939 he volunteere d at once and though over age was accepted. He served during the whole waf with the Royal Marine Siege Regime nt in whose cha rge were the crossChannel guns. Colonel Foste r became the Commanding Office r of this Regiment and he ld that post on cessation of hostilities. 1t was he who fired the last shell across the Channe l. Colonel Foster was a man of the utmost bravery, generous and selfless, and kept always a vivid affection for his School. Of recent years he lived at the Old Rectory at Ac rise, and so was a near ne ighbour. It was a great pleasure to him that his grandson, Tim Aldington , is at the School. We ve nture to extend ou r real sympathy to hi s widow, chi ldren and grandchildren in thei r heavy loss.

REG INA LD VINCENT BROOKS (K.S. 1946- 1948) It was with the deepest regret that we learned of the death of Reggie Brooks . He was drowned at sea when his plane crashed over the Channe l. His body was recovered at King's Lynn and was buried with full mi litary honours at Thetford . Reggie Brooks ea.me to us f~om the Ch.oir School, one of. our t:vfusi~a1 Scholars, and many will remember with pleasure hiS great skill at the plano. Afte r reachmg hlg.h .dlstinction at School in Music he went for further study to the Royal College at London; and then JOined the R.A.F. professionally. We are glad to remember that he paid us two visits in the past few months, the last one in King's Week. He looked splendi~ in his O~cer's uniform, but clearly remain~~ !he.same gentle and kindly lad he had always been. The pflce of Empire-or, now, rather of Western ClVlhsattontakes its toll still . Reggie Brooks was but 21 last September.

CO LONEL BERNARD STANLEY COLLARD (K.S. 1897- 1904) Be rnard Coll ard came of an old Ca nte rbury family, being the son of S. A. Collard , O.K.S., and a nephew of Sir George Collard, who was ten times Mayor of the City. No less than f<!urteen members of ~he family came to the School betwecn 1865 and 1925. Be rnard Collard was a keen cncketer and after leavmg the School he played for the St. Lawrence Clu~ and later wa~ Preside~t of the old Beverley Cricke~ Club. a position held previously by his father and .hls uncle. Dunng the First World . War he s4?rv~d wIth the 1/4th Battalion of The Buffs in Ade n and India and became Colonel of the Battahon. All hiS hfe he was a lover of the country and had more than usl1~1 kno~ledge of country pfe. Alth~ugh of a quiet an.d retiring disposition he has left behind many real fnends III every walk of hfe who WIll always have kmdly and happy memories of him.

HERBERT GWYNNE EVANS, M.C., F.C.A. (1896-1902) Those who were present at the funeral service of Gwynne Evans at the Chelsea Parish Church on 30th September would reali se somet hing of the lo~s that his su~den dea.th has mearyt. A mere cata.togl1e of his achievement s ca n on ly hint at the warm, VItal, loyal, wise and lIltensely fnendly personality that has passed from us. In the 19 14- 18 War he was Capta in and Adjutant of his battalion in France, was awarded the Military Cross wounded and taken prisoner. He e njoyed playing games throughout his life, and his happy enthu;iasm made ot hers enjoy them too; in his time he was a member of .the H ~ r1equins, Queen's Club and Hurlingham, and he was also a founder member of the Dragon Files Cn~ket Club. In . another sphere he gave important service over fifteen years ~o the ~~~Is~a Borough COlmcti ; he. was Cha irman of their Housing Committee during an important penod of mltlatlon and became Mayor m 1946. Late r he became Chai rman of thc Chelsea Conservat ive and Unionist Associat ion. Behind all this he was an extremely able and hardÂˇworking Chartered Accountant whose unquestioned integrity, vital interest and wise counsel he lped many firms and individuals. He married , in 1926, the widow of J. H. D . Acland and had a daughter. He will be badly missed in many ways, but most of all by those who were privileged to be his friends and to enjoy his c harm, his ready wit, his ent husiasms and his warmth. He was essentially a "giver" and, in giving, he made himse lf and othe rs happy.

THE C A N TUARIAN

CANTERBURY REBUILT We have consistently done our utmost to add our voice to those urging restraint and thought in the rebuilding of this city. The work has now begun in a manner which is both irrevocable and deplorable. We therefore reprint, with all the necessary permission a letter written by responsible and wise men to the Editor of The Times in July, 1942:"": 'Sir,

On June 24 there was. held in Canterbury Cathedral a service " for the renewed dedication of our city to the service of GOD and of thankfulness for the spirit of its people in the recent time of trouble" . Those who were present found in it an abiding inspiration fo r the future. The Cathedral has suffered damage, though not beyond repair ; but with the sunlight streaming through its glassless windows it was more beautiful than ever. We feel that there is here a parable of what the war may mean. We speak of Canterbury, which is itself a national treasure, indeed, a treasure to all men; but we think of the nation and indeed of the civilized wo rld. Here is a wonderful opportunity to rebuild a city with the Cathedral set in it as a jewel so that all may share the joy of its beauty. Much is lost in the city of which the char~ cannot be recovered; but also some of what is lost was poor or bad. It is quite possible that the result of all our suffering should be gain. But if this is to happen at least two conditions must be met: the first is that the plans sholLld be designed with the advice of all artist or a rtists of real vision ; the second is that each and all should be ready, as we believe they are and k'~ow that many are, to subordinate their private interests, even at the cost of real saCrifice, to the good of the whole. If these two conditi ons are fulfi lled the city may be more worthy than ever of its place in English history and in the affection of the English-speaking peoples, and set to the whole nation an example of what true public spirit can achieve. Yours, etc., WILLIAM CANTUAR:

C. LEFEVRE, Mayor

LANG OF LAMBETH

HEWLEIT JOHNSON, Dea n

Lambeth Palace, S.E. On the same day another letter to The Times from Mr. J. M. Symns, then chairman of the Canterbury City Planning Committee affirmed plainly that "the rebuilding of Canterbury .. . . .. is not merely a matter of local interest, nor merely a question of national interest; it is a matter of world-wide importance, and all that account cannot possibly be left solely to a municipal town-planning committee, however ably that commillee may be assisted (as in Ihis case it undoubtedly is) by its own city surveyor." Has all our suffering been for gain? We are certain that it is not; the Cathedral is not seen to stand, shining as a jewel in a lovely city. Why not? These men said: real vision . ... real sacrifice, P.H.M. 77

THE

CANTUAR I AN

CANTUARJAN MASONIC LODGE Since

OUf

last notice was published we have had a change of Secretary. Full details about membership-

are always avai lable from the new Secretary- R. A . T. Anderson, 18 Queen Anne's Gate, S.W.I. Telephone-A bbey 1565. Meetings are held at the Kingsley Hotel , Bloomsbury Way, W.e.I, in September, November and February with the lnstallation Meeting in April. At our Canterbury meeting held on 14th June we were hosts for the Triennial Meeting to Old Lawrentian

and Old Dovorian Lodges. Over 50 members and guests assembled, including ma ny O.K.S. who cannot normally attend our meetings. The Headmaster kindly gave permission for our meeting to be held in the

School Library. and we are very graterul for the arrangements made. Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds gave us an excellent tea at Walpole House and also provided some able guides to show us round the School. John Corben (1936--42) was ini tiated by the Master for this yea r, R. A. Finn (1916- 25). We look forward to welcomi ng another new member- Derek Lewis-a t our next meet ing in London in September.

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE AND CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE An article in The Times on September 22nd drew attention to the claims of an American, Mr. CaLvin Hoffman, who maintains that he has strong evidence to show that Christopher Marlowe was still living (in France) after his supposed death in a public-house brawl, in May, 1593. He suggests that an unknown man was stabbed and buried in his place and that the murder was contrived by Sir Thomas WaLsingham, who was MarLowe's patron, and'wished to shield him from the accusations of atheism and treason which were current.

Mr. Hoil'ma,; claims to have found evidence at Douai that Marlowe was living there three months after his supposed death, in company with Richard Poley, who was concerned in the murder. Mr. Hoffman aLso maintains that Marlowe was the author of all Shakespeare's supposed works. He points out that Shakespeare's fi rst work, Venus alia Adollis, was not published until his thirtieth yea r, the year of Marlowe's supposed death. He adds that there is a striking si milarity between the acknowLedged works of MarLowe and those supposedly Shakespeare's. Christopher Marlowe is one of the most famous of our old boys. If it were substantiated that he was the author of those works which are supposedLy Shakespeare's, and Chislehurst (his birthplace) became the heart of English literature, as Mr. Hoffman hopes, it would mean that the .works of the " immortal bard" wo uld become most intimately connected with the School.

FROM A BELFRY WINDOW The English Church of St. John the Evangelist at S1. Moritz is superbly situated at the south end of the Lake. From its belfry you can see the incomparable beauty of the Engadine valley and you can look down on the Alps of Italy and its lakes only a few miles away to the south at Maloja. It is rewa rding to climb the narrow wooden spiral to the belfry-it is good slimming exercise too- glimpses of Lake and Mountains through windows and slats repay you; and then you seem to come on another world. Here is evidence abundant of o ne-time vigorous Church life and the nature of its worship within the Chu rch~ The Church was built in the 1870's, owing to the efforts of the Rev. A. B. Strettell, who acted as Chaplain for many years from 1860, as a memorial tablet records. He became Vicar of St. Martin's and St. Paul's, Canterbury, in 1874. The reigns of Victoria and Edward VII were the heyday of the church; early registers show congregations of anything from 40 to 90. Lying in the belfry and in the vestry is a quantity of organ music-but now there is no organ; there was a choir, as is evidenced by copies of ÂŁ"jal( and lvlessiall, part songs in print and MS. Carol books in plenty are there- the Stainer New alld Old. Indeed, there may well have been a small orchestra, for there

THE CANTUARIAN arc 'cello MS. parts of the carols, See Amid, Good Killg Wenceslaus, and among others The Boy's Dream. The MS. evidence shows that a Miss Parry sang the soprano verses of See Amid. In the earlier days they sang Plainsong, for there are many copies of The Call/icles Noted by Thomas Helmore, 1850. But fashion changed, and obviously The Canticles Poil/ted by Gore Ouseley and George Monk ousted the austerity of plainchant. The Te Deum was sung to Short Chants by Frederick Heimore, Esq. (published in 1872). who was later to hold office in Canterbury Cathedral as Minor Canon and Precentor for half a century. and to teach music in the King's School. In the penitential seasons, besides The Story of the Cross, the Choir sang the Belle(/icite, as arranged by J. Stainer, W. Winn and F. Walker of St. Paul's Cathed ral. Stainer was entrusted to set the first portion, mostly of inanimate nature; at verse 18 Mr. Winn took up his theme for nature animate; while Mr. Wa lker concluded the last six verses of exhortation to human nature. The Eucharist was sometimes Choral, for Responses to the Commandments by J. B. Lott are st ill in the belfry: Mr. Lott was deputy Organist of Canterbury Cathedral; he wore gold-rimmed glasses and had a long white beard; he later became Organist of Lichfield. All this regular Church life was brought to an end, it would seem, by the 1914 War, for the Receipt Book recording gifts towards heating and altar flowers finishes in 1913. A hymnologist might find here a happy hunting-ground. In the very early days the congregation wou ld seem to have used Psalms alld Hymns fol' Public Worship, published for the Tract Committec by the S.P.C.K. It is a slendcr volume but undated; and one might have hazarded a guess that the book was first in vogue in the 1850's. In fact, through the kindness of the S.P.C.K., this copy is identified as printed in 1867, a reprint of 1852. Very many of the hymns have long ceased to figure in any Hymnary; but surprisingly you will find there Brightest alld Best of the SOliS of the MOl'llillg, Let Us with a Gladsome Milld, Come, 0 come ill sacred lays, Stalld lip alld bless the Lord, Lord of the worlds above and Ho w beallteolls are their feet, some of which were unknown to most Anglicans until the English Hymllal printed them, and some of which have only appeared recently in Ancient alld Model'll appendices. An Append ix is bound up, bringing the total to three hundred, and among its notable inclusions are According to Thy gracious wo/'d and Th e Lord is King ! Lift lip youI' voice. Considering this small book is prior in date to the first edition of Anciellt alld Model'll (186 1), it was a notable collection; for none of the hymns mentioned above is included in the early editions of Allciellt alld Model'll. There is in the belfry an Anciellt alld Modem book, which, though it bears no date, is the edition with the first Appendix, originally issued in 1868, but apparently printed some years later (but definitely before 1875, the date of an entirely new edition). The Hymnal itself ends with No. 273, the appendix bringing the total to 386. Of course, with the greater part of the hymns we are familiar in the modern editions, but not a few have dropped completely out of sight; a great deal is poor poetry. For instance, there is an unusual hymn, No. 374, labelled III time of Cattle Plague: In our homesteads, in our valleys, Through our pasture-lands give peace; Through the Goschcn of Thine Israel Bid the grievous murrain cease. Hear and grant the supplications, Like a cloud of incense, borne Up towards Thy seat of mercy, From Thy people's hearts forlorn: For the widow, for the orphan, For the helpless, hopeless poor: Helpless, hopeless, if Thou spare not Of their basket and their store. Compared, however, with Hymlls for use during 1897, this old A. & M. volume is religious poetry of high order! The belfry contains many copies of these 1897 hymns. There are twelve, published by Skeffington and dedicated to the Queen. The period was the heyday of Kipling, but the authors (seven in number) lacked Kipling's pen, though in spirit and sentiment they were connected. Since this pamphlet is now probably quite unknown, an extract may be of interest : Comes with prophetic morning, With Peace afar and near, With Home our hills adorn ing, This Diamond Marriage Year! And hearts with praise o'erflowing And souls that inly pray, Great Queen and Nation going Still on their stately way.

THE

CAN T UA RIA N

Not the least interesting remnant o f the past is a copy orthe Fremdenblatt for 16th July, 1878, publishedi at Coi re a nd giving the lists of people slayi ng in the hotels and pen sions of the Orisons. Th is news sheet does indeed transport you to another world. There are a thousand or two people, but hardly any French at all' mostly Swiss Germans, Americans, Engli sh and It alians. There are German princesses, barons and g~a fs' Italian p;inces and excellencies; Russian nobles; Scottish lairds; Itali an opera stars; Dutch, Bank-presi dents and royal Chamberlai ns ; many of the,m wi th their " domest iqucs" or th~i r "suites". The Americans and English not infrequently brought thel f servants too, and a pretty penny It must have cost. Thus, " Mr. and Mrs. E . S. Willing, fami ly and serva nts, 12 pers., U.S.A." compels belief that Mr. Willing was well known on Wall St reet. Very few English are titled- beyond Earl Stanhope, there are only a few " Honollrables" o r lady This and Lady That; but a considerable number ~f Irish unmarried ladies vent ured th llS far abroad. It is a long time ago, and most of the names mean nothlOg now to Engli sh readers, but one interesting famil y was registered at the Hotel Buol ofDavos: " Mr. and Mrs. J. Addington Symonds a nd family and Servant, 8 Pel's., England". Symonds' visi t to Davos was accidenta l, but from. that year he spent most of his life there. It was an essa~ of his in. the FOI'/l1igllllr Rel'iell' of J uly, 1878, th at gave the Engad ine its renown and thenceforth Eng\tsh Colol1les sprang up III the now well-known spots. F.J.S ..

THE LIBRARY This term the Library has been extended to include the Museum, refloored and shelved to match the Library; and in it now are housed the modern history books. Although the removal of some two to three thousand books from the mai n build ing is scarcely noticed, we now have more room and shall welcome gifts. We acknowledge with gratitude gifts from the following O.K.S. : Messrs. P., C. v. Lawless, D. Snoxall, H. J. Frampton, D. C. Bindon, J. E. Ingleton, D. Cililds, S. C. Griffiths, M. G. Lupton, C. J. Bell, P. C. de Lisser ; and also from H. R. Pra tt-Boorman,. Esq. , and the Headmaster.

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THE CANTUARIAN

JUNIOR SCHOOL NOTES As surely as the leaves drop off the trees in autumn, each September we return to find that the oldest members of a prep. school have dropped off at the top. D o the boys who have left us and passed on to the Senior School or elsewhere look at the situation in quite such a gloomy grown-up manner? We rather hope they do not; for them (to continue the seasonal metaphor) spring has come, and they look forward , not back. Before them are four or five years of mingled bliss and trouble. At least, that is what we Suggested to ou r leavers of last July. By now they have mostly assured liS that the bliss has come. Perhaps the trouble is still in store. At the other end of the scale, this term's new boys, a goodly number, have mostly taken to their new life like ducks to water. Among the younger ones it is hard, by now, to tell wh ich are new and which are old; and that is as it should be. The term has had its outstanding events. A half-term concert, in which a varied programme was presented by orchestra , military band, and choir, was of a notably high standard of performance. We have not always been able to claim, as this time, that there were no major blemishes ; but then a small boys' concert is not judged entirely on musica l considerat ions. It is definitely something to be watched , as well as heard. The military band made the most noise, and so was, we suppose, the most popular turn. There was a moment during the Milner Court march when we feared for the Barn roof. The orchestra (strings and timpani) played sensitively ; perhaps ou r audience does not always realise how much longer it takes to reach a good standa rd on a stringed instrument than it docs on a wind instrument, or a t the piano. ~usically sp~a king, the song~ by the choi r are always the hi gh spot of our concerts. Here is something which boys WIth unbro ken vOIces can do better than grown-ups, and one cannot say t.hat o f the orchestra or band. On th is occasion the choir knew their songs, sa ng them well , and they were good songs to sing. We have had a better Soccer season than any since the wa r. The 2nd Xl remain undefea ted to date. The 1st XI has o nly been defeated by our redoubtable opponents, Tonnore, after the most excit ing match ever seen o n our ground; the score was 5-4 agai nst us, and it might have been anybody's game. We a re glad to see Quite a lo t of skill in the lower games too, and there has never been any lack of keenness. Scouts and Cubs contin ue working well, doing odd tests at odd times and com ing o ut with odd lit tle badges o n shirt, arm, or jersey. The Scouts had a most enjoyable summer camp. Some thirty boys were in camp for eight days from the end of the summer term, thus chOOSing about the o nly week with really bad weather in the who le of o ur lovely summer. We were at a si te in Little Cha rI. Our movement s were rest ricted a little by foot-and-mouth disease; not th at it rea lly se riously ham pered our activities. When there was ra in, we got it thoroughly, and when there was wind we got it too. T here was too much of both, but not enough to damp enthusiasm. There were some literal wet blankets, but no metaphorical o nes. The presence of a marquee for dining made life much easier than it might have been, but even with its help half of us had to seek refuge one night in the village ha ll . The fo llowing day the sun returned, and dried Âˇeverythin g; it enabled us to attend Evensong in Little Cha rt church in some style. It was good to welcome such a large gathering of parents and friends on the Monday of camp. We are glad to say that the sun shone on th is party, and the hazards of the adventure trail (for the Scouts, not the viSitors) were much appreciated. So, we hope, was the tea that followed. W.H.O .

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The Editors gratefully and apologise for any inadvertent omissions:The Ampleforth Journal, The Bradfield College Chronicle, The Bryanstof! Saga, The Call1pbellian, The City of London School Magazine, The Dovorian, The Denstonian, The Eastbol/mian, The Elizabethan, The Eton College Chronicle, The Felstedian, The Grantabridgian, The Gresham, The Hurst-Johnian, The King's School (Parralllatla) Magazine, The L ancing College Magazine, The Lmvrentian, The Lorettoniall, The Mamvoodian, The Marlhurian, The Meteor, The Ousel, The Radleiall, The Reptoniall, The St . Edmund's School Chronicle, The St. Edward's School Chronicle, The Stort/ordiall, The Suttonion , The Tonhridgian, The Wellington ian , The Wish Stream, The Worksopiall.

CONTENTS PAGE '

EDI10R IAL THE SCHOOL VIRTUTE FUNCTI MORE PATRUM DUCES VALETE SALVETE ... A POEM TH IS AND T HAT TH E CATHEDRAL FESTIVAL AND K ING'S WEEK I.N.R.1. SOME OBS E RVAT IONS ON SHAKES PEARE'S LAST PLAY ... IMPRESSIONS OF A LOVE TIME IN THE MAK ING ... THE BEAUMONT LETTERS A TOAST T H E FEAST SOC I ETY ... PR IOR ERNULF ... REVERENCE FOR LI FE THE RU INED TEMPLE A IR E DALE BY WATER THE SIGNIF ICANCE OF THE SLANSKY TR IAL FREEDOM OF THE ARTIST ... SUNSPOTS . .. BENEDETTO C ROCE ... MIRROR OF THE PASSING WORLD·COLOUR PRlNT OF JAPAN A POST·WAR PHRASE BOOK THE TALE OF THE OLD SALT (NEW VERSION) THE DUTC H PA INTINGS IN LONDON AESC H YLUS AT CAM BRIDGE " FAENUM IN CO R NU" BOOK REVI EWS ... THE KENTISH STOUR THE SC HOOL CONCE RT T HE C AMDEN TR IO ... NEWSPAPERS T HE BURGUNDIAN SANCTUA RY .. . " L1 FE" THE HOUSE PLAYS MY AUSTR IAN VILLAGE THE SOCIET IES . .. A DAY IN DAG EN HAM MUSSO RGSKY AND THE SONG RUGBY FOOTBALL HOCKEY THE BOAT CLUB CROSS·COUNTR Y CLUB THE BOXING CLUB SHOOT ING VII I ... SQUAS H THE FENCING CLUB O.K.S. NEWS OB ITUAR IES COR RESPOND ENCE THE SCHOOL ROL L T HE JUN IOR SCHOOL

85 87 88 88 88 88 89 '

95 95 96 · 97 98 10 1 102 104 105 l OT 108 · 110 ,

113 114 116 ·

118 120 · 12 1

123· 124 124

125 126 · 127

128 128 .

129· 129'

13 I 132. 133· 133 134·

135 136·

138 139' 139 140· 140· 140·

141 144 146 147 149'

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THE CANTUARIAN VOL. XXV.

No.2

EDITORIAL It is often said that the public schools are snob schools; so long as this description is not intended to be abusive it is justified, for a snob is one who, in the pursuit of an ideal, surrounds himself with with that ideaL only those whose . characters and lives agree .

In France, perhaps, the ideal man has always been the intellectual ; in Germany he has been the national leader, the Hero, at worst the Fuhrer. In America the standard is of self-made wealth. Tn England, however, our ideal is one of gracious living. In the hurly-burly of modern life, in the gross conditions in wh ich many of our people live and work, grace and gentility are found in few. These are the manners of life which the public schools exist to maintain above aU, for sensitive manners and gentlemanly behaviour are the ideals which they follow .

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CANTUARIAN

The attributes of an English gentleman are those of Chaucer's Knight who fought for " Trout he and honour, fredom and curteisye, .. . He never yet no vileinye ne sayde In al his Iyf, un-to no maner wight. He was a verray parfit gentil Knight." Further it is part and parcel of a gentleman that be prays God, in the words of the Litany, that he shall be delivered "from all blindness of heart ; from pride, vain-glory and hypocrisy ; from envy, hatred and malice and all uncharitableness." In English life, the virtues of the Knight have always been held more valuable than learning, power or success, but it is to be feared that this ideal is slipping away, and it is the fault of the public-scho'ol men themselves. If the educated class has failed to gain anything but derision for its idea l from the nation as a whole, it must be because it has failed in its duties. As madness is not far removed from genius, so the qualities of England's. ideal gentleman are easily perverted into the unpleasant snobbery for which the public schools are now so often condemned. More than ever before, the onus is upon those who enjoy such an education to put their good fortune to universal benefit.

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T THE GANT UARIAN

THE SCHOOL Head Head Head Head Head Head Head He~\f

Captain of the School: K. D. AGNEW M. HERBERT, K.S. of The School House K . D. AGNEW of The Grange ... P. DAWSON, K.S. of Walpole House J. C. DUNN of Meister Omers D. CLIFT, K.S. of Luxmoore House D. C. RYELAND of Galpin's House N. C. G. RAFFLE, K.S. of Linacre House N. PAINE of Marlowe House

MONITORS K. D. AGNJ.jW, M. HERBERT, K.S., D. C. RYELAND, N. C. G. RAFFLE, K.S., P. DAWSO:O<, K.S., D. C~lFT, K.S., J. C. DUNN, N. PAINE, P. H. Moss, K.S. , W. E. EUSTACE, K.S. , C. W. FREYER, D. H. W. KELLY HOUSE PREFECTS The School House : A. J. BRIGGS, K.S., D. G. GRIFFITH, A. H. M. HOARE, K.S., J. W. NORTON, J. E. PAWSEY, J. A. ROWE, K.S. P. J. D. ALLEN, J. M. BODGER, K. W. FENTON, K.S., B. l. G. HYATT, The Grange: K.S., R . A. LAWRENCE, B. D. S. LOCK, K.S., C. B. STROUTS, K.S. L. A. KINGHORN, J . A. D. MACMILLAN, G. F. NASH, K.S., 1. M. Walpole House: ORR-EWING, K.S., M. H. ROBERTS, M. U. SLEE, R. N. B. TH0"V'~' M. C. TuRNOR. E. H. T. BAYLIS, S. N. BURBRIDGE, J. S. HARVEY, D. C. MOOR, Meister Omers: C. J. REED, H. A. SMITH, W. H. WOOLSTON Luxmoore House: E. C. AsH, J. R. CAPURRO, M . McG. GARDNER, J . C. HARDI NG, D. J. KIRSCH, A. P. MARKS, G. S. SPATHIS S. J. FREEBAIRN-SMITH, K.S., A. M. J. HALSEY, P. B. K IRKBY, R. G. Galpin's House: MILNE, K.S., P. G. ROBERTS, K.S. , B. S. SALMON, R. W. K. WILSON, K.S. P. N. BAUMANN, J. P. M. DAVIES, J. N. FISHER, M. C. PATTERSON, Linacre House: R. H. C. SYMON Marlowe House: J. D . BELL, J. H . CoBB, M. S. R . CoZENS, G. E. HARE D. H. W. KELLY Captain of Hockey D. C. RYELAND Captain of Boats D. CLIFT, K.S. Captain of Fencing J . W. NORTON Captain of Boxing M. J . MOORE, K.S. Captain of Shooting ... P. N. BAUMANN C<,ptain of Squash The Cantuarian:

Editors: THE CAPTAIN OF SCHOOL (ex-officio), P. H. Moss, K.S., P. DAW.sON, ](.S., 1. DB V. ALLEN, K.S. Sports Editor: M. HERllERT, K.S. Secrelary: B. D . S. LOCK, K.S. ~7

t, THE .' CA,NT-UARIA<N

VIRTUTE FUNCTI MORE PATRUM DUCES M, A, CHAWNER,- Entered School, Sepi. , '47; Upper Sixth, '51' House Prefect '52' Hon, Secretary of the Railway Society; State Scholarship ;' Open Exhi.biti~n i~ MathematIcs to .Sldney Sussex College, Cambridge, R, A, LAMo NT,- E ntered School, Jan" '49; House Prefect, '52; 1s,t XV, '51 , '52, D, H" TA YLOR.- Entered School, Sept., '47; King's and Entrance Schola, f Upper . SIxth, '51'; Ho~ . _Secretary of the Harvey SOCIety,; LISgl. , Signals Section; C.C.F.; State ScholarshIp; Open ExhIbItIOn 111 Natural SCIences to Queen's College, Oxford.

VALETE

G. R. Ba rnes, p, H. Bentley, J. S. W. Carpenter, C. J. M. Cooper, L. R. H. D'Eath, J. Hobden , I. Hogg, R. G. Seymour, J. N. Strachan.

SALVETE S. E. Allard, G. I. Allen~ J. D. Allen, C. O. Barber, M. J. Bibby, A. S. D . R. Chapman, Il. H. e.,Croxford, M. Fmburgh, P. J. Ford, R . I. Goate, J. P. Green, D. A. Henton G, B. ,Jackson, M. R. Jenner, J. Kearin, D. H. King, M. R. A. Matthew, R . N. Nash: R. H. Nunn, B. F. Papenfus, M. p, F . Plutte, P. L. Smedley, B., Tilman, C. W. Yates.

APOEM · . To drift into. a WQrld Qf sunlit dream Today again: sky's thin-lipped clear blue. 'Corl\'S ~9ftenipg, wind-ripp1ea. . . Breeze kiss-whispering waters, . .. '!-.eaf-shifting, cloud-hushed. 'pght-dancing, shadow-shuffling, World-muffling. . To remember? Only a heart-lake Rippled by the soft wind's kisses ; Dream awaking, soul refreshing. " And a poem I'ormless : _ Storm less ••

-, 1

I. Nameless.

J.P.M.D.

THE C ANTVARI AN

THIS AND THAT Appointment

We were glad to see in the Yorkshire Evening Post that Hugh Honour (1941 --46) has been appointed at the age of 25 Chief Assistant at the Leeds Art Ga llery.

From the "Rhodesia Herald"

WELSH CATHElH AL ENLISTS AtD OF CONTROVERSIAl. ARTISTS From Our Correspondent London, Wednesday.

The sculptor, Jacob Epstein, has been invited to make a figure of " Christ in Majesty" for the bomb-damaged Llandaff Cathedral. The artist, Stanley Spencer, has been asked to paint a portrait of "The Last Judgment." How these two controversial artists will interpret their tasks is exciting speCUlation in Wales, particularly in view of the disagreement over Epstein's unconventional treatment

of other biblical subjects and Spencer's sensational 1950 Roya l Academy painting,

"The Resurrection." The Dea n of Llandaff Cathedral said that in inviting Epstein and Spencer to contribute to the cathedral's restoration, the D ean and Chapter were following the example of their Nineteenth Century predecessors, who called in to assist them the leading artists of their day, including Dante, Gabriel and Rossetti. A correspondent from Southern Rhodesia sent us thi s cutting with the following letter: "I am enclosing a cutting from the national newspaper of this Colony, The Rhodesia Herald, of Jan. 15th a nd suggest that as the D ean and Chapter of Llandaff were so successful with the result of their choice in the 19th Century that in the event of your Cha pter requiring any artistic assistance they should call in the advice of the well-known artists Boccaccio, S1. Michael and Picasso. "

Promotion

We congratulate Mr. R. F. Glover on his appointment as Headmaster of Adams' Grammar School, Newport, Salop, to which he proceeds at the end of this term, and where we wish to him and his family every happiness.

Ordination

On December 21st last (in the Cathedral) Peter Hammond (1941- 46) was ordained deacon for the parish of Willesborough.

Peter Lucas (1934-39) had already given promise of reaching high distinction in the medical profession by becoming M .R.C.P. at an altogether unusually eady age (24 years old). Now he has become an M .D . of Cambridge- than which degree there is none more difficult to obtain in the world, we imagine-in not much more than a dozen years from leaving School, at the age of 31, and with two years' National Service to his credit. We are unfeignedly glad for his sake and for the pleasure this success must have given to his father, for so many years our School Doctor. Mr. T. A. S. Wright, for some years after the war on our Music Staff, was married on January 28th to the well-known actress Catherine Lacey. A number of our Staff and Old Boys attended, and all of us here who remember Mr. Wright wish him and his wife every happiness in their married life. Congratulations

THE

CAN T UAR TAN

Rona ld Smith, one of the fo remost pianists in the country, and one whose teaching inspires his pupils here, had a tremendo us s uccess at a Recital which he gave on December

15th last in Amsterdam. John Moss (K.S. 1937- 39) wrote and produced Aladdill 011 Ice at the Bournemouth Ice Rin k, and played the part of Abanazar also, for last Christmas holidays. The newspaper critiques described the show as "first-class", and "a personal triumph for John Moss: indeed, "a honey of a show". It appears that the Producer and Author has a pretty flair fo r lyrics- and the present Editors regret that he did not stir up his Muse at School for the benefit of The Cantuarian. Lovers of Fielding's novels and students of the literature of the XVlIl century have a great joy in store for them if they have not yet read the two volume Biography of Fielding written by the Master of Pembroke, Oxford a nd lately published by the Oxford Press a t five guineas. It is a masterpiece: But of particular interest to us at Canterbury is the fact that Fielding's younger son Allen (1754-1 823) was Vicar of Shepherdswell and then of St. Stephen' s. He was probably not poorly-off, for he was also Perpetual Curate of Stodmarsh, Chapla in to Lord Nelson Vicar of Blean, Master of the Eastbridge H ospital ; and in 18 16 a Six Preacher in th~ Cathedral, in which year he resigned Blean. This Allen had four sons, Henry and William who both became King's Scholars in 1796. Henry went to Oxford, was ordained curate to his fat her, very soon obtained benefices, succeeding his fat her also at Blean in 1816. Allen had two more sons, Charles and George, who both went to Oxford and became clergymen, Charles curate at St. Stephen's and later Vicar of Headcorn, George curate at Eastry. But our own Register contains only the names of Scholars; if, then, they came here to school, Cha rles a nd George were Commoners. Now Henry, the Vicar of Blean, had also four sons, who certainly all came here to School as King's Scholars. They were Allen (K.S. in 1838), Henry (K.S. in 1840), Charles (K.S. in 1842) and Rodolph (K.S. in 1845). Against this Allen's name in the Register is a note, "went to Kingsford's office", Kingsford (also O.K.S.) being a prominent lawyer ; and thus Allen must have Henry Fielding

been the original "Fielding" lawyer in Canterbury. In our last issue we saw reason to

believe that some of Southey's near rela tions came to school in Ca nterbury from Cumberland. Now we know that the grandsons and great-grandso ns of England's great no velist were brought up in our School.

Kikuyu

From The Times, 10th February, 1953. MISSIONARY'S VISIT TO KIKUYU ALLEGATIONS OF "THIRD DEGREE METHODS"

Allegations that members of the Kikuyu tribes were being subjected to "third degree methods" by the police in Kenya were made at a P ress conference in London yesterday by Canon T. F. C. Bewes, Africa secretary of the Church Missionary Society, who has just returned to this country after visiting the Kikuyu reserve. Canon Bewes was a C.M .S. missionary in the Kikuyu area from 1929 to 1948, and is one of the few Europeans who speak Kikuyu fluently. He flew to Kenya on January 5th as bearer of good will messages to Christians in the d isturbed area from the Archbishop 9f Ca nterbury and the C.M .S. He returned to London 10 days ago. 90

THE C ANTUAR t AN

After referring to the question of collective punishment, Canon Bewes said that there was also evidence of the use of force by "third degree" methods. A few days ago, he said, an informer told the police about a man who had hidden a cache of arms. The ma n, who was an adherent of a mission , and was suffering from tuberculosis of the spine, was

found and questioned but produced no evidence a bout the supposed cache. He was then beaten to make him confess, and the beating continued until he eventually died under it. The C.M.S. missionaries reported this affair to the administrative officer for the area and it was arranged for an inquest to be held. He realized that the police had a difficult job, but the only way the authorities could get to grips with the Mau Mau problem was to try to encourage the loyal Kikuyu tribesmen to combat it, a nd this could not be done by using force. The solution would be found in a rapprochement between the white and native races. We were delighted to read in the Daily Mail of 7th Ja nuary a letter from a n American family in Florida; they had had to dinner " two of the finest boys we have ever had the privilege to meet"; these two boys were by far the best "good-will ambassadors" England co uld possibly have sent, and everyone who met them "is much richer for their friendship". One of the two wa s our own Ian Clark. So we are not sur prised.

Guesls of Honour

1n Autumn last, Lady Blenkinsop corresponded with the Headmaster to leave in her will stocks to the value of ÂŁ3,000; the income of which should form a Scholarship in memory of her husband, Major-General Sir Layton Blenkinsop, K. C.D., o .s.o., O.K.S. The necessary legal steps were taken. But Lady Blenkinsop was in such excellent and almost youthful spirits that it was a shock to read in The Times that she passed away on February 7th of this year. She was a very gallant lady with an enormous fund of humour, and will be missed by many- certainly the School has lost a good a nd loyal fr iend .

A Blenkinsop Scholarship

The Blue Book

The Pater Society

The list of Customs and Privileges was last printed in 1947: this has now been very slightly revised and published with the Rules and a brief history of the School and its buildings. The Society visited Cambridge on March 19th to see Aeschylus' Agammemon performed at the Arts Theatre.

U' '1 R ' It is with the most cordral pleasure that the School congratulates myers. y eVlew the following people upon their recent successes :K. D. Agnew, Mason Scholarship in History, Jesus College, Cambridge; A. J . Briggs, Open Exhibition in Natural Science, Pembroke College, Cambridge; S. N. Burbridge, Parker Exhibition in History, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; M. A. Chawner, Open Exhibition in Mathematics, Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge ; P. Dawson, Open Scholarship in Modern Subjects, Corpus Christi College, Oxford ; W. E. Eustace, Open Exhi bition in History. Trinity Hall, Cambridge; B. I. G. Hyatt, Open Exhibition ill History, St. John's College, Oxford; B. D. S. Lock Open Ex hibition in Classics, New College, Oxford; Open Scholarship in Classics, Magdalen College, Oxford; 91

TH E C A N TUARIA N

P. H. Moss, Open Exhibition in History, Clare College, Cambridge ; G. F. Nas h, Open Scholarship in Natural Science, Wad ham College, Oxford ; B. Salmon, Chora l Scholarship, St. John's College, Cambridge; D. H. Taylor, Open Exhibition in N atural Science, Queen's College, Oxford . . The School has not been able to fit into the Parry Hall since 1949 and yet it is too big for smaller assemblies like Sixth-form lectures. It has therefore been suggested that a partition be made at the archway where the 1937 extension was added. This will make two moderately sized lecture rooms. Furthermore the organ may be removed to the Eastern Crypt to replace the present one which will by that time have been taken out by its present owners. As the partition would be movable, the Parry would always be available as a Hall when needed.

The Parry Hall

The School Exams.

A combined examination to act both as a terminal "handicap" and as a rehearsal for the June Certificate papers was held in the third week of February, the exertions of which resulted unhappily in an astonishing exodus to the Sanatorium!

We have heard the following lectures this term: "The Council of Europe", by S. H. C. Woolrych, Esq. ; "Olympic Games, 1952", by Guy Butler, Esq.; "Dr. Barnardo's Homes", by Lt.-Col. W. Ross. The lectures of Mr. Wilson Harris and Mr. S. J. Egerton-Banks are reviewed elsewhere in this issue.

Lectures

Four of the boarding-houses and Marlowe House have now been fitted with this apparatus, with which, fo r a very moderate fee, one receives wireless broadcast by direct line from the studios in London. The choice of programmes is, of course, limited, but for school purposes the system has much to recommend it. As a wag observed, twenty years ago the novelty was that no lines were involved: today the novelty is to have a line directly linked every inch of the way. Autres temps, autres moeurs! Rediffusion

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Since we never have enough space for games, Mr. Corner and a party of boys are returning early next term to begin work on clearing and levelling the waste-land which adjoins the railway at the far end of St. Stephen's fields. From the easy comfort of the editorial eyrie, we wish them every success and assure them, and this seriously, of our gratitude to them.

St. Stephen's Fields

The School was given possession of Lin acre House on Christmas Day and the boys returned on January 23rd. Nothing but praise can be said of Mr. Goddard and his workmen who had running water laid on into an entirely new washroom of 15 basins and who had painted almost the whole house inside and out and laid a new drainage system before term began. It was, of course, a little time before the workmen finally moved out, but when the amount of wo rk done is considered, it is surprising that Mr. Goddard only was .struck by duodenal ulcer. To him we are most grateful: may he speedily be restored to good health .

Messrs. Goddard

The House has settled in most happily and comfortably with Mr. H. W. Osmond as Housemaster and N . C. G. Raffle as Captain. Indeed, it is so well esta blished that it seems as though there has always been a Linacre House.

Linacre House

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TH E C ANT U ARTA N

Mr. Maugham visited the Headmas ter on December 19th las t and spent a bappy day in the School and Precincts. On February 11th, we saw that he was among a most select company who dined with the Queen at the Royal Academy. Last but not least, we have recently heard that he has promised the School a princely sum with which to build a Boat House at Pluck's Gutter.

Mr . Somerset Maugham

On Monday, February 23rd, three School Monitors were present at Simon Langton School, where the Council conferred on the Archbishop the Freedom of the City. On March 21 st, he held a Confirmation Service in the Cathedral for the School. As he is the School's Visitor, we may well feel not altogether unjustifiably proud that not only shall The Archbishop of Canterbury

we have a representative in Westmin ster A bbey fo r th e Coro nation, but that our

representative will himself crown the Queen ! The Senior Rugby Football Co mpetition was won last term by The Grange, who defeated Meister Omers 21- 6. The Junior Competitio n was also won by The Grange. In the Seven-a-S ide Competition, the Seni or winners were Walpole House and the Junior winners The Grange. The Cross-Country Running was won by Marlowe House.

House Matches

Michael Herbert played full-back for Kent Schools in the recent holidays and the Daily Telegraph said that, having seen him and his opposite number from Middlesex, England wo uld have no shortage of full-backs in the future. Howard Hoare played hooker in the same team and Jeremy Rowe was selected but was unable to play. G . F. Nas h played for Sussex Public Schools XV several times last holiday. Holiday Rugger

Further information to that in our last issue has been provided by Canon R. F. Cartwright, O.K.S. , Vicar of St. Mary Redcliffe, Bristol. Southey was born in Wine Street, Bristol, where his father was a linen-draper, baptized at Christ Church and in November, 1795, married at St. Mary Redcliffe. There is an interesting legend that he borrowed the money with which to buy the ring and pay the wedding fees from Joseph Cottle, the publisher. The wedding over, he left his bride at the church door and went off to Lisbon, returning considerably later to establish his married life. His wife was Edith Fricker, whose sister Sarah had already married Samuel Taylor Coleridge ; and it was through Coleridge that he went to live in Cumberlan d.

Robert Southey

We welcome on behalf of the School Dr. Douglas Hopkins, formerly SubOrgamst of St. Paul's and Organist of Peterborough Cathedral. Happily he and our own Director of Music, Mr. Malcolm Boyle, are old fri ends, a nd this guarantees that the musical sides of Cathedral and School will pull together to the advantage and enrichment of both . Also our Mr. David Lawrence was Dr. Hopkins' deputy at Peterborough, so that we have a cheerful family set-up, as it were. We hope that all will go well with Mr. Gerald Knight, who has vacated the Cathedral organ here to take _charge of the Royal School of Church Music in their new- and palatial- premises near Croydon . Cathedral Organist

93.

THE

C ANTUARIAN

The Right Honourable Lord Hardinge of Penshurst, formerly Secretary to the late King, has accepted office as one of our Governors. We look forward to the early visit which he is anxious to make, and can assure hIm beforehand of a warm welcome, not only for his own sake, but also as the son-in-law of our staunch friend the Viscountess Milner. ' From a correspondent, resident in South Africa many years and holding an African important administrative post: Leiter "You have no doubt been hearing a great deal about our troubles recently, but I think that in the end they will be settled without even "calling out the troops". My chief has the right idea, I think-Native M,P.'s and less petty restrictions, As far as people in our position are concerned (I mean, myself and my famIly) hfe IS easy aild comfortable and we do not sleep with pIStols under our pIllows! . Our servants are willing and cheerful and, persona lly, 1 h~ve never met WIth In~olence from al?yone wlth a black skin. The only thing I would say IS, that the greatest mIStake any Enghsh government ever made was to give our 17th century-mlllded Dutch COUSIllS here self-government. Trey are still living in and lo~ging for. the days of Paul Kruger, and III the 19th century he was two hundred years behllld the times. As for the modern-mlllded , CIty-bred Dutch (especially those who have been to Cambndge!), they are deplorable. I have now written enough "treason", I think. The bad I'ress South Africa has been getting overseas has still, I believe, commercIal motIves behllld It. The black people of I\!.frica will be a splendid market for the products of manufactunng countnes, once their standard of living begins to rise to the Amencan level ... , .. The rulers of IndIa regard Central and Southern Africa as a future Indian colony, and our Indians. here are pertinacious people. So, perhaps, a great deal of the fervent h~mallltanan cntlclSm of "ons land" and "ons volk" has to be taken WIth a gram of salt. This was a well-attended and happy functi on, more successful The O.K.S. Dinner than most annual dinners of recent years.

New Governor

With great pleasure we learn that Mr. Ralph Blumenau, who left us to direct the Youth Work at Munich under UNESCO, IS returnlllg to us III September. The Headmaster has also appointed Mr. D. W. Ball, Tonbridge and B.N.C.; Mr. J. G. Owen, Cardiff H.S. and Worcester College; Mr. G. P. Robertson, Scholar of Ru gby and Clare; Mr. J. B. Wilson, Scholar of Winchester and New College; to Mathematical and Classical posts for next September.

New Masters

Schoolboys' Hockey

Boxing Blue Athletics

M. Herbert, A. H. M. Hoare and E. H . T. Baylis all played for Tulse Hill Schoolboys against Dulwich Schoolboys. Tulse Hill won in a game of many lost chances; Baylis was. mentioned by The Times as being conspicuous in defence: Hoare as bemg among the pICk of the forwards. We most heartily congratulate J. H. T. Morgan (1946- 52) 011 gaining his Blue at Cambridge. He knocked out hIS opponent m the second round . The School beat Tonbridge School at Tonbridge, 52-42. Four School records were broken. 94

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CANTUA RIAN

THE CATHEDRAL FESTIVAL AND KING'S WEEK Under the auspices of the Chapter the Cathedral is venturing upon a Festival, and combined with it, the School will enjoy its "King's Week" . The Headmaster has- it may well be, rashly- undertaken to manage the whole. Among the items of the Programme are certainly some interesting features. First, tbere is a new play by Hugh Ross Williamson (whose son is entered for King's) about Cardinal Pole; the title is His Eminence of Englalld, and the part of Pole will be played py Robert Speaight. Gordon Watson has written some music for it, and the orchestra will be conducted by Dr. ~opkins. Then in the lovely garden of the Archdeacon of Canterbury, our own Players wIll perform The Tempest, produced by Robert Atkins. Everyone who saw The Merchant of Venice in that garden will hasten to The Tempest. Here the music will be in the charge of Mr. M. C. Boyle. The decor of these Plays has been undertaken by Malcolm Burgess, a guarantee that it will be delightful. An extremely successful item last year was the recital of Mozart opera, and this is to be repeated: the principals of Sadlers Wells will sing /I Seraglio.

Among the rest of the items is a Recital in the Nave by Benjamin Britten and Peter Pears, while it is not unlikely that Victoria de los Angeles will give another. The L.P.O. under Basil Cameron will give a concert in the Nave, and so will our own Orchestra with Malcolm Boyle and Ronald Smith. Bruce Boyce and Gerald Moore give a Lieder recital, and the New London String Quartet provides a programme. A Liszt Recital will be given by Gordon Watson, and the end of the Festival comes with a performance in the Cathedral of Elgar's Dream of Gerontius, with a special orchestra from Woolwich under Dr. Hopkins, and Dennis Noble, Heddle Nash and Janet Howe as soloists. The Festival opens on Tuesday, July 14th and closes on Saturday, July 25th; and our Festival is part of a general Canterbury one, extending to August 8th, and including the City's own programme, the Cricket Week and the Old Stagers. Given fine weather we should have a splendid occasion.

l.N.R.l. Agony blossom on thorny bough Clash with scarlet blood: Dying bloom On holy brow, Sad diadem On dying sacrifice . . .. DA VID SLADBN

THE CANTUARIAN

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON SHAKESPEARE'S LAST PLAY Remarks on The Tempest are singularly apposite at the moment, for once again Summer approaches, however slowly, and with it the season of fetes and festivals. This year the annual play is again to be performed in the garden of the Archdeacon of Canterbury, which will be transformed into Prospera's 'magic isle' . An open-air production of The Tempesf always seems an extremely. courageous gesture., flinging defiance into the teeth of the weat her-gods as It does. There JS, however, a more Important limitation to tills choIce,

for, though undoubtedly one of the loveliest of Shakespeare's plays, it also possesses one of his most disagreeable characters. Prospero, that disgruntled old bore, is one of his most unpleasant creations, and those critics who assert that it is largely a self-portrait must, III their hearts, be secret Bacomans. The most amazing feature of this, at times, amazing play is that Miranda should have survived so many years of his almost undiluted compauy. It is not difficult to see why she thought Ferdinand a god in human guise, for during her life on the island she had seen only her father Prospera, the bodiless ArJeI,.and the soulless C~ lIban. An mterestlllg theory is, that having given up the more pleasing Anel 111 despair, she started a mIld fiirtation with Cali ban, but got rather more than she bargall1ed for. Nor, If that should prove to have been the case, should she be censured too readIly, for she must assuredly have gone mad had she been restflcted to the unremlttlllg drone of her curmudgeonly father. For Prospero was not content to have an audience while he talked, they had to listen to him as well. Thus the long opening exposition in the second scene is punctuated

by his petulant "I pray thee mark me", and, "tho.u dost not attend"; .i n all ther~ are six

or more exhortations to attention. No doubt MIranda could have gIven OphelIa some lessons in the art of remaining sane at the death of a parent. This first scene of Prospero's reveals several of the more disagreeable traits of his character. First, in the course of

it, he artlessly shows himself to have been the world's most perfect ruler despoiled of his kingdom by dastardly treachery. If the truth were to be known It was probably a popular rising that enthro~ed his brother. In exile at least he is the complete petty tyrant, excacting unceasing attentlOll from hiS audience of one, and ImpllClt obedIence from hiS two subjects. Caliban is hardly an admirable figure, but always we feel a great deal of sympathy for him . The explanation for this is to be found in Prospero's treatment of him. We hear that when Prospera first came to the island, he wooed and flattered the guileless savage until the latter had shown him all the sights, and more important, the food supplies of the island then Pro spero turned on him and, with the aid of his 'magic', made him a drudge, punisl;ing him savagely whenever the slight~st resistance was shown. Thus "je see civilisation, personified in the rather seedy conjuror, possessor of some dubious sleight of hand, threatening Caliban, the epitome of natural mall, with aches and pams, and rheumatic fevers if his slightest wish is not instantly obeyed. When Ferdinand is washed ashore and discovered by this courtly gentleman, 'without a parallel in the liberal arts', he is made free of the island in the following charming little jnvitation :\leome,

['II manacle thy neck and feet together: Sea-water shalt thou drink; thy food shall be The fresh-brook muscles, wither'd roots, and husks Wherein the a'c orn cradled: Follow." 96

THE CANTUARIAN

Nor is his treatment of the delicate and spiritual Ariel to be admitted for ever promising but never granting, the sprite its freedom, until at th~ very last, wh~n Prospero has n~ more conceivable use for him, he fr~es hllll with a maglllficent gesture expecting, no doubt, extravagant paeans of praIse for hiS reckless generosity. It would be wrong to say that Prospero has no sense of humour, for he has. Does he not allow Stepha no, Trinculo and Cal iban to enter into their conspiracy so as to give himself the pleasure of turning phantom hounds loose upon them? Here, he is nobly aided and abetted by Ariel, who leads them through furze and stagnant ponds. The whole scene is reminiscent of the interpolated comic scenes in Dr . Faustus.

In short, Prospero is shown to be a gnarled, unpleasant misanthrope. He exploits those whom his magic powers place in his power, is at best a bore, and at worst a bully. Shakespeare has, mdeed, performed a most remarkable work of prophecy by putting on the stage, a century and more before his birth, a recognisable caricature of Dr. Johnson . It would have been extremely interesting to have witnessed the return of Prospero to his domains. One wonders just how favourable the demonstrations would have been. CAROLUS

IMPRESSIONS OF A LOVE TIME IN THE MAKING Music fading in the study lounge, Sunlight dancing in his hair Tuning his life to the spirit's tear. Month follows month and still the music, But the moon sheds different glows On the boy gone lighting Loving Living Across this crazy-paving Of life's green grass. Strife lines lurking in the brows unwritten; Tea~timers

waiting in life's first queue

Before they sip the unuttered succulence, J n the presence of one who gets his tea freeThen simper through the cathedral's vast Less beautiful than one of their faces, The one belonging to the boy gone sparkling Darkling In the lightning shadows of dart-aches Lit by a fire which can never never die Until it must-and then slowly, bemused by The silver-haired solemnity of someone quite quite different From the pretty toast-muncher eyed by Precious pilgrims. J.P.M.D. 97

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THE BEAUMONT LETTERS Four letters have lately come to our view. written from the School durin g 1878 and 1880. They were addressed to J. Beaumont, Esq. (and to Mrs. Bea um ont) 2 Terrace House Richmond Surrey; and are still co ntained in their original envelopes meas uring 4t by 2t inches, ca rrying th e penn y red Victo ri a n stamp. All such corres pOJ~dence has ,so me h,istorical value, m o u~ting as the years go o n; and we hope that these will find their way II1tO the School archi ves. The writers were A. M. Beaumont and John Beaumont, th e so ns 01 SII' Joseph Bea um o nt, Lord Chief Justice of British Guiana . Arthur Morto n Bea um o nt, bo rn in 1861 , came to th e School at Michaelmas, 1874; he became a Seni o r Scho lar in 1879. Leavi,ng School in 1880, he went to St. John's College, Oxford; and later to Queensland, of willch Colony he was for so me time Solicitor-General. H e died in midd le-a ge in 1905 . Of his youn ger brother, John Alexa nd er des Voeu x Beau mo nt, we kn ow httle more th an that he entered the Civil Service, and di ed in 1940. Dr. B10re was, of course, Headm aster, living in what is now Ga lpin 's Ho use, reignjng from 1873 to 1886. H e had been H eadmaster of Bro msgrove. Mr. Go rd on was Robert Goodall Gordon fo r ma ny years Form-master of the F ifth, a nd still remembered in his "prizes". The R~verend R . G . Hodgson became L ower Master in 187 1; and in yo ung John's Sunday letter th e Mr. "Haul" must have been F. H. Hall, who joined t he Staff in 1873. What an interes ting thumb-n ail sketch the first letter gives of the Captain of School. Wyse's subsequent career shows him to have been , indeed , a n a ble and do ubtl ess cautio us man. He came to the School in Michaelmas, 1875, a t well over 14 years, a nd 111 a rel alively brief time was Captain of School. The authorities of th ose d ays d o not appear to have given such regard to "seniority, i!l arrival" as was the ca~e later, an a t,tit ~de whi ch has not altogether disappeared. Wilham Wyse became a Semor Scho lar wlth,n a year, and in due course became a Foundation Scholar of Trinity, Ca mbrid ge. His University career was startingly brilliant ; it reads thus :, Browne Uni versity ~c h o l a r, P,rox il~l e Accessit fo r the C rave n, Powis M edal for Lat1l1 Hexa meters, Waddll1 gto n Uni vers ity Scholar, C hancellor's Medallist, 4th in the First Class of th e Classical T ripos, F ellow of Trinity, Examiner for the Classical Tripos a nd Professo r of Greek at Uni versity College, London . H e retired in 1904 through ill-health, remaining o ne of the choices t Classical Scholars of his times. No wonder he would not ma ugurate a D ebatmg SOCiety. Could he not foresee how many deaths and resurrections that Society was to experience fr om its establishment in the time of Dr. Field , th e successor of Dr. B1ore? In the Archives we possess the early Minutes of the young Society, a nd most of the matters debated were the same " hardy annuals" we should have now. We co mmend the final para graph of the first letter to all who wo uld compe te in the Athletic Sports at the end of this term; and the two letters of yo un g Jo hnny to his "dear Ma" to the members of the Fourth F orm to encourage them in th ei r st ud y o f English composition and spelling. 98

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The " new Boy Smith" who was " rather more than an ordinary Smith" (see the second letter) is given in the Register as arri ving in the M ichaelmas Term of 1880; so the letter proves the Register is co rrect. He certai nl y was more than o rdinary, for he left in the nex t year. Las tl y, th e Mosse referred to was Willia m Geo rge Mosse, Senior Scholar, Ca ptain o f th e XI , the XV, and th e School ; a Pa rker Ex hibitioner a nd Found ati on Scho lar of C.C.C .c. and wit hal a Running Blue. Orda ined, he ultimately became an Ho n. Cano n of Birmingha m. He wrote the chapter in the School Histo ry which deals with Dr. B1ore's reign. H e di ed in 1929, eleven days befo re his distin guished scho ol-fellow, William Wyse.

K.S. C. Febry : 17th. 78. My dea r Papa, I am glad to be a ble to repo rt a place a lmos t equa ll y good with th a I o f last time, this week. fo r tho ugh not by ma ny mark s yet I was seco nd again t his week.

My greatest ac hievement in work this week was to get 95 o ut of 100 for a history pa per, whi ch eve n Mr. Go rd on o ur for m master was gracious enou gh to call 'very well do ne' . Quite co ntrary to all expectations one of th e boys went so fa r as to go and as k Dr. B1ore's permi ssio n to get up a D ebating Society. Dr. B10re no t onl y allowed it, but said he t ho ught it wo uld be a very good thin g fo r the School if pro perly kept up. So last T hu rsday th ere was a meeting to elect the committee which is made up of some half dozen fe llows at the top of the School. There is to be a D ebate next Thursday. I dont exactly kno w th e subj ect, but T think it was "as to whether England ought not to have gone to wa r before" or somethin g to that effect. The great drawback is that the Captain of the School, Wyse, will not join as he considers the affair will break up before long, and he does no t care to be made a fool of by j oining in anything that has the slightest symptom of a short life . On F rida y Mr. H odgson the seco nd master here gave me a ticket for a lecture 'on the Telepho ne' whi ch was held in t he tow n by a man na med Ja go. It was not a success ; or at any rate I think most people were disa ppointed. For after a very long disco urse a ll so und, in which he ke pt repeatin g the same things over a nd over aga in, he went o n to show us so me diagrams by means of an oxy-hyd rogen la ntern (r think that's what it was called), which wo uld keep o n going o ut. Among the di agra ms he showed us o ne of th e Phonegra ph some inve ntio n for say ing in th e sa me vo icc, a speech which might have bee n spoken in to a hundred years ago. He ended up by passing round the Telepho ne, that peo ple might hea r so me o ne play ing the pia no a t the o th er end . It may ha ve acted ve ry well , a nd peo ple with stro ng imag inati ons mi ght have hea rd very well , as so me say th ey d id- but J am certa in / never hea rd a note, nor did Dr. Blare who sat so me two or th ree places froll1 me, but M rs. Blore who sat nex t but o ne to me says she could hum th e t UIl C the person was play ing; b ut [ ex pect she has rat her a stro ng ima ginatio n and d o ubt wheth er th e statement was quite tru c.

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I have begun to train for the sports although they are six weeks hence; for this morning being a most lovely morning I walked 5 miles before church and another 4 this afternoon after Cathedral. I must no w stop as I have my articles to learn, and with best love to yo u all, Believe me to remain

Yrs very affecately, AMB. K.S.C. June 6.80 My dear Mamma, I have got Johnny to write his letter to you in time this Sunday as a slight variation on last w,ek- otherwise there is very little to distinguish these last two weeks' events. I see Johnny has told you of the new Boy Smith's arri val this week. It does not seem of much consequence th at a boy with such a particularly coml11on name should have

entered on his school life last week but he is rather more than an ord inary Smith. His real name is Hyde-Smith, and is the step-brother of the two Miss Robertsons whom you may have heard of as great lights in the musical wo rld . I fancy that they will soon bring forward their brother, who, tho' I don't suppose yo u remember the fact, once came to Riverdale House. He has just come home from Peru where he has been during the war there, and has returned with the intentio n I believe of joining his sisters in the London concerts. Mr. Hodgson's mother went away from here yes terday morning to Buxton. I believe she was very materially improved in health, tho she scarcely seemed in a fit state to travel that distance. Masse has just got a college scholarship up at Cambridge, that is to say a scholarship closed to members of his coil: If I get leave to come home from Dr. Blare, it will, I fancy, certainly be on the way back. I have heard nothing further from Dr. B. but I suppose [ shall leave here by the [2 o'clock train tomorrow week .

If I have time J will go and call on Mr. Reid on the way from Oxford. With best love [ remain Yrs very affecately, A. M . BEAUMONT.

Sunday. My dear Ma I hope you are quite well. 1 was top agai n this week thank you for those stamps you sent me. There was a new boy came called Smith. I think I shall want another Rot of anointment. My legs are very sore and now and then begin to bleed I hope Mable will get better soon. We sometimes have Bib[e lessons with Mr. Hodgson on sunday and today Mr. had game to cursh so one of our masters called Mr. Haul 100

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came into the room to give us our Bible lesson because Mr. Hodgson had gorne out so when Mr. Haul came into the room the little dog Poppy jumps up from undtr the ta ble and begins to bark and to bite Mr. Haules legs. Now [ will say good by tell Mable [ hope she will be better soon give my love to all keeping some fo re yo urself believe me to remain yo urs afectl J. BEAUMONT.

Sunday 21st (1une/l 880) My dear rna I hope you are quite well. I was top for this week what time will Auther be back on Monday there was a new organist to day. My legs are very well. Thank you for the stamps you sent me as I only have time to write you a short letter r will say good by give my love to all keeping some for yourself beleive me to remain yours afectt J. BEAUMONT.

A TOAST Life is a jest, and all things mean it; J cracked it once and now I've seen it. Time is a tyrant lacking in humour, Repeating the joke as a stale rumou r. Art is a lover without a dateFor, shunning life, it's lost its mate. Love's an illusion lacking in roots ;

That's why it's more real than all other fruits . Beauty's a flower killed by marriage With solid man in costly carriage. Variety's the spice of living; You can't live on spice- so start off spivving. Any sensible boy who keeps the law Will turn at twenty from blog to bore. Care is a cretin content to cram

God and mustard on top of ham. Money's the means to all that's good; Working hard gets it- (I wish I could). But hard work takes the time I shan't From living in pleasure-(thank God I can't). For toil takes trouble and trouble takes time ; The one thing it has in common with rhyme. But now the joke you see is running tbinLike you and me, it's lost the will to win. Life was a jest and all things boasted it ; It could be still but now I've toasted it. J.P.M.D. 101

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THE FEAST SOCIETY We know much about it; its foundation almost in the reign of Queen Anne-the Anniversary Sermon dating from 1714-the cessation of the Society (though not the Sermon) in the 1880's- its re-establishment in July, 1939, by H.R.H. The Duke of Kentthe dashing of that hope by World War II. Now we wait in patience till someone shall "found" it once more. During its long life the Society did its good work at an annual dinner; a sound method, for then tongues are loosed, hearts are happy and purses emptied. Many Great Ones were members and St~'Yards, and it was these gatherings whIch produced the funds for the Umverslty ExhIbItIons we stIll possess. In an earlier issue the .menus and the cost of the annual dinners have been described; pointless- and indeed exasperating- to repeat the fare with which the diners regaled themselves.

But now we know a little more. Some Minutes in MS . and printed programmes have lain dark in the strong room of a local Bank for scores of years. What we did not know was that besides vast quantities of food and drink, the generous diners listened to music and doubtless joined in. A small envelope received at Canterbury on October 5th, 1849 (the stamp has been removed by some faithless hand) is addressed: To the Acting Stewards of The King's School Feast for 1849 Ca re of the Sec. or Treasurer Fountain Hotel Canterbury. The contents are (a) a white card, edges tinted pink, (b) a letter. The card- printed engraving- reads (with flourishes) JAMES BRUTON,

!linner QJ:omic 1iloclllil1t, ~-/ ~ndon,. ~aa{ .5t:rd/!tu.."",~ THE BEST G L E E &. SOLO SINGERS PR OVIDE O ,

..54f&,-,ayd u-<",:/t ,/ /{;e. ~nll.D St:~~?.:I. 4

The letter runs as follows:II London Road

Southwark London.

Gentlemen,

I beg to forward a Card ; and, to say that I shall be happy to attend your next Dinner as Comic (Genteel Comic) Singer- or with a first class sentimental tenor that J could bring. I have attended public Dinners in all parts of the country; and am well known . I have a stock of nelV Comic Songs, including "The Queen's visit to Ireland", and Terms moderate. J AMES BRUTON. 102

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Until research reveals the Minutes for this year we cannot know if Mr. Bruton entertained this distinguished assembly with his Comic Songs-carefully genteel-or if his friend the Sentimental Tenor drew tears from eyes in all likelihood already rather glassy. But in 1845 and 1846- the music programmes are before me as I write-no "low" note was struck. Mr. Bruton cannot have been there. The Tenor probably was. Both programmes require a musical grace, the Non nobis, Domine, of Byrd. Then follows a mixtnre of sentiment and romance. Opening with Webbe's Glorious Apollo, the programme goes to Mornington's Here ill cool grot and mossy cell (and some of the diners may have felt like it), to Should mirth our moments crown, by John Parry-a song all about "bumpers" and "social sons of harmony", "draining the goblet", and "sparkling magnums" . And as by that time the atmosphere was probably very vinous, it was fitting to insert Hark, Hark the Lark at Heav'n's Gate Sings, about early rising and plenty of water. A portentous song followed- Blow, Warder, blow thy sounding hal'll, five stanzas of it, which on reading appears not to have had any purpose of reveille, for four of the verses have the theme of "feasting merrily"; and the end was reached in The Merry Gipsies, by T. Welsh, with a dubious moral for those "combiners" at the Fountain"Where pride and riches are combined, We keep a watchful eye, Then freely take whate'er we find , And locks and bolts defy." It is difficult to think that Mr. Bruton prepared this programme; probably the Treasurer of that year was a cynical humourist.

The programme of 1846 may well have been arranged by another hand and mind. The Byrd "Grace" first, and then a Loyal Toast in the shape of Bishop's Here's a Health to the Prince and the Queen. But lest the assembly should be forgetful of its main purpose, the "arranger" pops in at once Glorious Apollo, which has a lot about "combining" (which really for the benefit of the Fifth Forms we should explain means "drinking together"). Webbe's Thy Voice 0 Harmony was palpably intended to put the diners into a receptive frame, so that The Last Rose of Summer following immediately could play havoc with their emotions. The next song, See the Chariot at hand here ~r Love, can only have been "rendered" by a sentimental tenor; it is good slush stuff, and who was the Horsley who composed for it is unknown to this writer-was he one of the many Horsleys who came here to school? So to the last song, From Oberon in Fairy Land, all about fairies being merry, eating cakes and drinking wine, and frolicking it with "Ho, Ho, Ho!", Internal evidence would suggest that the compere of 1846 did not know his job so well as he of the year before; and one would almost safely wager that the "takings" of 1845 outmeasured those of 1846.

J03

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PRIOR ERNULF In a recess in the South Aisle of the Crypt, obscured in the depths of mellow gloom, there stands the statue of a monk. (Some may have noticed it.) The austere lines of the figure reflect the personality of the man: his gaunt features, the deep-set eyes and hollowed cheeks, are the marks of the ascetic; yet the whimsical smile upon his lips shows that he also had the wa rmth of humanity within him. He is Prior Ernulf; and it is he who built the Crypt. He was born in France, twenty yea rs before the Norman Conquest, and, as a you ng man, entered the Benedictine monastery of Bec. There he devoted many hours to learning, the epitome of the medieval scholar, "with hairy gown and mossy cell". For here he became a noted auth ority upon canon law, and St. Anselm also refers to him as "Arnulf, the grammarian". Foul' years after William the Conqueror became king he came to Ganterbury, and later, at the age of fifty, was made prior of the monastery, at the time when his close friend St. Anselm was Archbishop. His life of stud y was no w changed for one of great administrative activity ; for, on top of runnin g a flouri shing monastery, he carri ed ou t extensive building operations.

Lanfranc's ca thedral, built as it was in great haste soon after the Norman Conquest, was considered too small. Ernulf pulled down the Choir and built another twice as large. In its turn this was destroyed by the great fire that took place but three years after Becket's death. But the Crypt beneath still survives. This is, in fact, the largest Early Medieval undercroft in the whole of England, and in its day it was an audacious piece of pioneering in the art of the stone va ult. In Emulf's bold design there is a fundamental simplicity, which is an inherent quality in every great work of art. Vet not all is austerity, for in the intricate carving of the capitals, with their grotesque forms of bi rd and beast, wyvern and dragon, we see the healthy pulse of medieval life. Its quiet seclusion has been an attraction throughout history; Richard I, the Black Prince and Erasmus were all moved greatly on coming here; and it was from down here to the Trinity Chapel that Becket was hied to his coffin. Prior Ernulf, we are told, was noted for " his personal saintliness and mild and gracious bearing", and, because of his administrative skill, he experienced considerable advancement. For in 1107 he was made Prior of Peterborough, and, seven years after that, Bishop of Rochester. He was evidently loth to leave Peterborough, because Henry I was brought to the extreme of commanding him to be consecrated bishop "wolde he, nolde he". In turn the Peterborough monks were sorry to see him go, "for he was a very good and meek man, and did full well for his monastery, both within and without". At Rochester we see in him both the architect and the scholar, for there he built the :Chapter House and Dormitory, and also wrote the Textus Ro//ensis, one of the most valuable monastic documents still in existence. Once back in Kent, he was again held in affection by the monastery here at Canterbury; on several occasions his advice was sought, and, what is more touching, praise of him was sung by the poet Reginald, a monk of St. Augustine's. And here, in its niche, his statue stands, with book in hand and penetrating stare, the scholar and the architect. Here, peering through the mellow twilight gloom, he continues to look upon the noble foundation bastions that he himself built, and witness the stirring tradition of Christian life. B.H. 104

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REVERENCE FOR LIFE Forty years ago, in 1913, in the week foll owing Easter, Albert Schweitzer, the leading theologian, philosopher and musician of Europe, set sail for French Equatorial Africa, where he proposed to spend his remaining years in the service of mankind, tending the sick and ministering to all the needs of the African natives. In a world devoid of idealism, drifting into a cataclysmic war, his act of renunciation went out as a call to all people to abandon the selfishness of egocentricity and to turn back again to the service of God and man. He was born in January, 1875 in Alsace, the son of a Lutheran pastor and with an ancestry largely consisting of organists and evangelists : fro m the first he showed signs of the future, by refusing to wear the superior dress usually worn by the pastor's family and insisting instead on having clogs and brown pullovers like the peasant boys. The only sphere, however, in which he showed particular precocity, was in music, and at the

age of nine, he was organist of Gunsbach Church. His education was very good and the influence of his teacher impressed upon him "that a deep sense of duty, manifested in even the smallest matters, is the great educative influence, and that it accomplishes what no exhortations and no punishments can". His acute mind led hi m early to a study of Science and History, but he eventually decided that so difficult is it to achieve a complete knowledge of what has gone before that "we must abandon forever the hope of really understanding the past". From his earliest years, Schweitzer was overwhelmed with grief by the misery of all that lay around him: "We have no right to inflict suffering and death upon another creature unless there is an absolute necessity for it". He believes that most people agree with this, but that indifference or the fear of ridicule deters them from expressing it. "I vowed that I would never let my feel ings get blu nted or be afraid of the reproach of sentimentalism". T his boyhood feeling of compassion for all creatures was linked to a constant sense of gratitude for life, for friend s, for beauty. Compassion and gratitude, inseparably linked, have been the basis of his whole attitude to life, and in their fellowship lies the root of all his ethical philosophy. At the age of 18, Schweitzer entered Strasbourg University to study Theology. He began at once his work which culminated in "The Quest of the Historical Jesus". This great work is an attempt to show Jesus shorn of the mysticism with wh ich the Gospels have surrounded him. Schweitzer's theology is based on the belief that the actions of the historical Jesus 2,000 years ago have no significance for us except in relation to the Holy Spirit working in us now. He also studied Kant very thoroughly, and from him he took the maxim: "J ought; therefore I can". SchweItzer enlarged upon tlus, and declared that unless the world found for itself an ideal (lought) and set abo ut achieving it (I call), civilisation would come to ruin . He saw that an indifferent acceptance of the present situation, or realism, had replaced

ideal~s m in Western 111 all quarters.

Europe, and he was astounded

by the optimism that seemed so current

In 1903, he was appointed Principal of St. Thomas' T heological College, an exceptional post for a man of twenty-eight; he was a born teacher, and he attributed his success to his reverence for the personality of the IndIVIdual. Ever SInce 1896, however, he had decided that at the age of thirty, he would give up all in favour of a life of service. 105

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Tn the midst of his administration of the college, his lectures on philosophy and theology, and the immense labours which he made in writing "The Quest of the Historical Jesus", Schweitzer became the leading organist, the best-known organ builder and by far the most penetrating and knowledgeable expert and exponent of Bach in' the world. His hobby was saving old organs which might be replaced by modern, noisy instruments: "the struggle for the good organ is to me part of the struggle for truth" . In 1905, to the astonishment of all his friends, he resigned from being Principal. Their chief reproach was that he had not consulted them, but, as he wrote later, it had not occurred to him to consult flesh and blood about the work of the Lord Jesus. "It moved me strangely to see my critics so far from perceiving that the effort to serve the love preached by Jesus may sweep a man into a new course of life. In general, how much I suffered through so many people assuming the right to tear open all the doors and shutters of my inner selfi" He was fully aware of the reasonableness of their criticisms, but "as one who demands that idealists shall be sober in their views, 1 was conscious that every start upon an untrodden path is a venture which only in unusual circumstances looks sensible and likely to be successful. Further, I believed myself to wear the protective armour of a temperament quite capable of enduring an eventual failure of my plan. " For seven years now, he studied medicine with as great an application as ever he had studied divinity or philosophy, so that no branch was left untouched in the whole of the most advanced course. This for a man of 30 was an incredible accomplishment, coupled as it was with lectures in Divinity, sermoI:}s, recitals in Paris and Barcelona, the editing of Bach's organ music, the writing of books about organs and many journeys to advise organ-builders, and the completion both of " The Quest" and of "Paul and His Interpreters" . He now offered his services to the Paris Missionary Society, who were at first deeply suspicious of his theological views. He replied that Jesus gave no doctrinal tests to His disciples, and he asked the Society to interview him "to judge clearly whether myacceptance really meant such terrible danger to the negroes". He was accepted by them, and they gave him a hospital in Lambarene. Everyone asks: Why? Why did he go? Certainly not to escape from harsh reality. Seaver, his biographer, says: "In his mind was the feeling that he went to do his part in atoning for the western world's treatment of the natives. . .. Compassion and a profound feeling of responsibility for the harrowing condition of the peoples of Africa, orove him to abandon his position in Europe and to take up the cause of "the Brotherhood of those who bear the marks of pain". The need for atonement for the sins of Western Civilisation was ever in his thoughts : "We are Dives: out there in the colonies sits wretched Lazarus" . "When we have done all that is in our power, we shall not have

atoned for the thousandth part of our guilt." Respect for life! Respect for all that breathes! Tn this idea Schweitzer sees the real solution of the question of the relationship of men to the wo rld. Schweitzer tells us how man y have been disillusioned in attempting to follow his example: it is not the right work for a restless soul. "Onl y a person who can find a value in every sort of activity and devote himself to each one with full consciousness of duty has the inward right to take as his object some extraordinary activity instead of that which falls naturally to his lot. " 106

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There is no need to tell at length of the trials of a missionary doctor in Equatorial Africa, surrounded continually by scores of patients awaiting treatment, paralysed by tribal fea rs: they are well-known. But after a seven-year gap caused by the war and ill-health, Schweitzer returned to Africa and soon set about building an entirely new hospital, which was completed in 1926. "Joy at the success of it is not what I feel: rather, I feel myself humbled, and ask myself how I earned the privilege of carrying on such a wo rk." But the need to return to Euro pe for a time was urgent: "there breaks through, time and again, a feeling of pain that I must leave it for a time, and tear myself loose from Africa, which has become for me a second ho me."

His forty years of missionary work ha ve left a deep mark of toil on Albert Schweitzer, but Âˇ as he wrote in 1933, "the great secret of successis to go through life as a man who nev~r gets used up. " He himself has never become used up, but has pursued his intellectual and musical studies even in African heat, so that on each of his returns to Europe, he

has shown himself as brilliant a scholar as ever. "He that loseth his life shall find it: " following his own doctrine of reverence for life, and paying the debts of civilisation which compassion and gratitude made to weigh so heavily on his shoulders, Schweitzer has proclai med to a dying world how futile and evil is the life of expediency and how fruitful the pursuit of an ideal. P.H.M. (Th is material, in a milch expanded/onn. lVas first prepared as a paper Jor the MarlolVe Society.)

THE RUINED TEMPLE South or North Js nought but crumbling ruins with moss o'ergrown . An oak springs forth Amid the shattered fra gments of a sacrificial stone. A blackbird sings upon this slone Stained with the blood of countless sacrifices, Where votaries wo uld wail and moan, Worshipping savage gods with strange devices. Yet all is silent nowBut when the sun's last rays are falling, And when its blood-red orb is low, I seem to bear the Druids calling As they did so long ago. A.N.A.B. (14 yea rs) 107

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AIREDALE BY WATER I r it be true that, until the age of two,

Angus was an airedale. airedales are practically morons, Angus was a most efficiently bred airedale; his LQ. was about 15. It must be added that, if it be also true that at that age they go through some miraculous kind of conversion a nd become the most intelligent of dogs, Angus was later to maintain the reputation of his kind, fo r somewhere a bout his second birthday he seemd quite suddenly to see the light of something uncommonly like reason, a nd but for our mutual affection he might well have gained a scholarship at the Police College. During his moronic era he also suffered fro m a hydrophobic complex. It needed no psychiatrist to probe into the origin of this, as r had myself rescued him in his infancy from drowning in the water-butt at the bottom of the garden. How he had got there was a mystery; it was generally assumed that he had been dropped in maliciously by his mother, a highly intelligent but fastidious and slightly sinister bitch known to the family as Lady Macbeth. When Angus was abo ut eighteen months old, my elder brother Tom came back from the war still wearing shreds of the commando aura in which he had been revelling for the prevIOus year or two. On hIs first Sunday at home- a lovely day in August-he suggested that we should devo te the afternoon to cunng what seemed to me this harmless defect in Angus. Jill and Jim both thought this a frightfully good idea, so I was out-voted but r insisted on being present to see fair play. Tn the event this innocent and rather noble intention turned out to be fraught with an irony that wo uld have made any minor Greek tragedian dribble with excitement. We set out for the private branch of the canal which stagnated through the farm-in peace-time Tom was an incredibly amateur farmer. There were four of us comparatively human bemgs on the nght bank, and weavmg m and out and around us like three jets were Ross, Lennox and Menteith, Angus's elder brothers. Lady Macbeth herself had made a bee-line for the stables and barns on the other side, accompanied by her eldestborn, Macduff, who s!,amefully possessed all the attributes, physical and spiritual, of his father, Farmer HIxon S sheep-dog from over the hIll. Angus was more or less with us' more or less, because, although he had not the faintest glimmer of intelligence, he had ~ most uncanny knack of workmg up a sort of ll1stmct at those moments when instinct was entirely irrelevant. He had at first tried to follow his mother, despite his natural aversion to her, and when thwarted in that had hung back with a tedious and wary mterest III every smell, real or Imagmary, and was obVIOusly watchmg his chance to sneak off for a quiet light programme Sunday afternoon on his own. Jim, the yo ungest member of the family and a sadistic little beast, was told off to prevent a ny such escape. As Tom had sug,gested ~ll this he took comn:'and of :-;hat he rather cruelly and still more clumsily called ' OperatIon Appomtment WIth Fear . When we came to the willow he called Angus, who came slithering up to him wit h the deepest suspicion, which was still further deepened when he realised that he was on the brink of the canal; but his evasive action was not up to commando standards. I must say that Tom was very decent abollt it all, and he could not have been kinder if he had been a psychiatrist abo ut to give violent shock treatment to his own child. He held Angus up and tried to fix him with the glass eye which he had picked up with an M.e. lOS

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in the war .. This was not a success because Angus would screw his neck round and gaze WIth sh! venng horror at the green scummy water far below him. Then, with the glibbest and OIlIest tongue, Tom prepared him for the ordeal which he was a bout to undergo. "N?w look, Angus. Ther~'s nothing. to b~ afraid <;>f. It's a lovely day and the wa ter's beautIfully warm. Once yo u re used to It yo u II love It, and then yo u'll always be coming here after water rats and every kmd of vermm that a reasonable dog could desire." It was silly to talk to Angus about a reasonable dog, for that was one of the many things that A~gus was not. Ross, Lennox and Menteith were showing how reasonable they were by Slttlllg on the bank WIth theIr tongues out m a frenzy of gloating anticipation which knew no bounds when Tom, very gently but very surely, threw Angus into what would have been mId-stream if there had been any stream at all. What Angus would have done-whether he would have somehow splashed his way to the shore or whether he would have sunk out of pure fri ght- no one will ever know, fort hat IS ,,:,here Fate came 111. Lady Macbeth had been nosing round the stables for any fall 01 unfaIr game, and h~d Just unearthed the stable cat, a marmalade creature compact of ferOCIty WIth her ,?wn kmd, but with an offensively clinging affection for human beings; we called her OphelIa. She streaked thro ugh the stable door to find her normal way of esca[Je barred by Macduff, who. was giving a .very passable perfo!'ma~ce of a sheep-dog's penmng act. Hel only alternatIve was the dIStasteful one of sWlmmmg the canal, when she saw mIdway what she took to be a half-submerged log. With a surer aim than I would have credited her wit~ she leapt onto the fast-disappearing back of Angus and clung with every claw at full pressure t'? that unstable refuge .. Angus, who thought that this new agony was all p~rt of the bUSIness, WIth one despamng yowl gave it all up and sank like a stone. OphelIa, dISg usted at what seemed to her a violation of the laws of nature leapt once more and landed, dripping from every hair, at the feet of Ross, Lennox and Mentelth, who WIth one accord went off at considerable speed to the gentler sport of chasing rabbits at the very far end of the Four Acre. Jim was leapin~ about in what was his ide~ of the seventh heaven of delight, and Jill had collapsed-WIth some care-o~ the bank m a fit of gleeful hysterics; and it gave me the greatest pleasure to s~e. Opheha take her final leap into Jill's lap and there begin the formIdable task of wlpmg herself clean of scum on Jill's new summer frock and then spit with such venom at Jim that he abandoned his half- hearted effort to resc~e his SIster from this calamity. I was trying to intercept Angus as he bobbed up and down every few seconds WIth n:'0not~nou s regularity; whilst on the other bank Lady Macbeth looked on at the proceedmgs WIth a cross between a gnn and a leer' then with a Parthian snarl at me for my quixotic zeal went off to seek more game in the barns. Fortunately I had put Graymalkm and the three remnants of her latest litter of hideous black hags in the loft that morning. As an afternoon's diversion it was good but not very clean fun; as a cure it was lamentably unsuccessful. Even now that Angus knows about 150 words of Basic English the lIlnocent question, " Water or Soda?" produces a reflex tremor in the small of his back, and he would rather go to the vet's any day than have a was h-down in the kitchen sink ,

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THE SION IF1 CA NCE OF THE SLANS KY TRIAL The rece nl trial in Prague of Siansky a nd a num ber of other leading Czechoslovak Com munists has aroused wide-spread interest in the West. It may wel l be that, of all the post-war political trials in Eastern Europe, the Slansky Trial will turn out to be the most important ; and its implications deserve careful study. Its most obviously stri king feature was that eleven of the fourtee n defendants were named in the indictment as Jews, and that Zionism was one of the crimes wi th which they were charged. The significance of this aspect of the trial was underlined when, soon afterwards, the charge of having worked under Zionist direction was also brought against some of the Ru ssian doctors who were accused of actually having murdered

Zhdano v a nd of havi ng tried to murder other poli tical a nd mili ta ry leaders of the Soviet U nion. What is th e role of anti -Z ionism in comm uni st policy?

Commu nism has always prided itself on its opposition to anti-Semitism. For that reason, many Jews entered the Co mmunist Party during the Fascist era, and rose to leading positions within it. This was especiall y true of Czechoslo vakia, and even more so of Hungary, where, at the time of the Siansky Trial, all the key-positions in the Government were held by Jews.

But, although the Commun ists have not in the past discriminated aga inst the Jews, they have always discouraged Zionism, at any rate in their own countries, since it indicated a lack of enthusiasm for Commu nism. On the other hand, Defore the establishment of [srael, Zionism was regarded by the Communists as a useful threat to the stability of the Middle East and as Britain's major problem in that area. The Communists therefore regarded Western Zionism with benevolence, and even permitted a certain amount of emigration from Eastern Europe to Palestine. The Russian Government was among the first to recogni se the State of Israel. But the new State made its peace with Britain; and, in the co urse of time, it became clear that, despite early Russian benevolence towards Israel, the count ry was following a policy of friend ship with the West. On the other hand, relations between Britain and the Arab States, particularly with Egy pt, were becoming more and more strained. Gradually, the Com munist attitude towards Zionism began to harden, both at home and abroad. Emigration from Eastern Europe to Israel became more difficult, and eventually stopped altogether. It is therefore not without significance that the Slansky Trial coincided exactl y in time with the initiation of a new policy by the Russian delegation at UNO. Russia came out in support of the Arab case agai nst Israel; and, within a week of the Siansky Trial, one of the Arab delegates at UNO ex pressed the gratitude of his country for the support that the Soviet Un ion had given to the Arabs in their case against Israel. The most authoritative Communism organs stren uously deny that this anti-Zionist policy is to be eq uated with anti-Semitism. They may be right. It is difficult to see what the Russians could hope to gain by a n anti-Semitic campaign. It has been suggested that they need scape-goats for the economic difficulties in which most of the satellite countries find themselves. They undoubtedly need such scape-goats; but why seek them among men and women who have been among the most devoted servants of the 110

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Russians? Wh y run the risk, for instance, of a major upheaval in Hungary? An antiSemitic campaign launched for no other reason than the need to invent new internal enemies would seriously and needlessly disorganize the government and administration of every satellite state, and in addition considerably disturb public opinion. However, even if, in theory, no anti-Semitism is intended, in practice the sword of Damocles ha ngs today over the head of every Jew in Eastern Europe. Anybody in Eastern Europe who rea lly is a Com mu nist can today strike at any Jew simply by denouncing him as a Zionist, and already there are reports of this happening in Hunga ry. No-one in the West should shed too many tears over the fate of people like Sla nsky. "They who live by the sword shall perish by the sword", and these men have done too much evil now to claim our sympath y merely because they are Jewish. But the politicians are not li kely to be the only victims: professional rivalry is not confined to political circles. All Jews in Eastern Europe will be livi ng in an agony of uncertainty and in the fear that their tribulations a re about to be renewed . Meanwhile, the Jews in the West almost unanimously condem n the Russians in the sharpest terms fo r "a ntiSemitism"; and this will make it more tempting and still easier for the Russians to broaden their anti-Zionist campaign into a genui ne anti-Semitic one; for it enables them to show that "the Jews" fo rm a readily identifiable section of the fo rces hostile to Russia. At best, the Jews will find themselves in the futu re in the same position in which the Roma n Catholics have been in Eastern Europe for some yea rs. The Catholics are tolerated, as long as they are not in trouble for other offences; if, however, they are put on trial for some other "crime", the charge that they are the agents of the Vatica n is frequently thrown in for good measure. But the significa nce of the Slansky Trial goes far beyond its anti-Zionist aspect, a nd history may wen show one day that the trial was the most important event that has happened in Eastern Europe since the breach between the Cominform and Yugoslavia. It had long been suspected that a bitter rivalry existed between Gottwald, the Czechoslovak President, and Slansky, who, until September, 195 1, had been the Secretary-General of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. The records of the two men and the arrest of several people believed to be close to Gottwald had led observers to the conclusion that the Russians were backing Slansky, though Gottwald's popularity seemed to be undiminished. If this conclusion was correct (and there are many reaso ns for thinking that it is), then the fall of Slansky is of tremendous significance, for it wo uld mean nothing less than that, from the Russian point of view, the wro ng man went to the wall. What could possibly account for this? Obviously, an answer to that question must be largely conjectural. A feature of all Communist trials is that the accused confess, so that we cannot learn from their defence what were the real reasons for their fall ; a nd we have little other informatio n to go on. But the most likely answer to the question we have just asked ourselves seems to read something like this: Czechoslovakia is the only "westerni zed" co untry in the Soviet orbit. It has a la rge, educated, and fir ml y-rooted middle class. There are more intellectuals in the Czechoslovak Communist Party tha n in that of a ny other Eastern European country. The Czechs have valued their links with the West, and it can be imagined that " Titoism"a desire for independence from Russia- has an even slronger appea l among Czech 11\

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Communists than among those of the other Eastern European countries. Slansky, as the Russian mouthpiece, was therefore particularly disliked in the Czech Communist Party, and Gottwald enjoyed such popularity that a direct attack on him might have provoked a revolt in the Party, and possibly even among the public. As soon as Gottwald realized that the Communist Party supported him rather than its General Secretary, he demanded from the Russians leave to proceed against Slansky. He may even have warned them against repeating in Czechoslovakia the mistakes that

had lost them Yugoslavia. Now the Russians must realize that their biggest set-back since the war has been the loss of Yugoslavia, which came about precisely because the Cominform singled out the popular representative of Yugoslav Communism for attack. The Russians had reason to believe that Gottwald was right, and that his arrest might cause a break-away from the Cominform which could only be put down by military intervention- and they were as reluctant to commit themselves to military intervention in Czechoslovakia as they had been in the case of Yugoslavia. They therefore· yielded to Gottwald. That this is in fact what happened is, it must be repeated, conjecture; but it does seem to account for the fact that it was Slansky, and not Gottwald, who was put on triaL But if something like this has indeed happened, it would show that the Russian hold over the satellite states is a good deal less secure than is commonly supposed. Let us be bold and conjecture a little further. Let us imagine the discussion inside the Soviet Politbureau about how Gottwald's demands should be treated. The problem was not a new one for the makers of Russian policy, for the quarrel between Gottwald and Slansky was of long standing and must have presented a problem to the Russians almost from the beginning. Some of the Russian leaders will have counselled that Slansky be supported; others that, in order to avoid a repetition of the Yugoslav disaster, Slansky must be restrained. It can be seen at once that this was no minor issue: the entire conception of Russia's relations with the satellite states was at stake. The question could be phrased like this: had the policy of the Cominform towards Yugoslavia been correct or incorrect? And behind this question stands the really crucial one: who was really responsible for the expulsion of the Yugoslavs? Stalin? Molotov? Malenkov? Zhdanov'l In particular, was Zhdanov the autocratic ruler of the Cominform who would brook no opposition from the Yugoslavs, or did he oppose the short-sighted policy which could only weaken the Cominform? On these points the evidence is so tenuous that no conjecture can justifiably be based on it ; and the reason why Zhdanov's name has been brought up in connection with the "plot" of the doctors is still shrouded in uncertainty. In any case, there are indications that the "doctors' plot", like the discovery, during recent weeks, of many "spies"· inside the Soviet Union, is a prelude to something very

much bigger, and that, before long, we may expect one or more of the prominent members of the Soviet Politbureau to be implicated in the "confessions" of these minor figures. Our speculations have taken us a long way, perhaps too far. But, amid all this conjecture, one fact seems to be beyond dispute: whatever the real motives . for the elmination of Slansky, his fall must be yet another damaging blow to the morale of the Communist Party. Czech ministers have openly admitted that the public was bewildered and disturbed by the Slansky TriaL The Czech Communists have Ilow ·joined their 112

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colleagues in all the other Eastern European countries, who have all gone through similar experiences in the recent past In every single Communist state, leading apostles of Communism have suddenly been revealed as "traitors" . The result must surely be a weakening of the morale among the rank and file, as those whom they followed were suddenly condemned. It used to be safe to follow the orthodox Moscow line. Now even that has become dangerous, and it is no longer a safeguard against disaster. The conclusion to which Communists in Eastern Europe must come is that every exposed position is unsafe, and that it is as dangerous to become known as the leading exponent of the current Party line as it would be to become known as an opponent of the regime. Politics will become altogether too perilous a game. All initiative will become paralyzed, and it is quite likely that the result will be an inability of the Communists to react to changing internal or external circumstances. This fact may already have been partly responsible for the economic crisis in most of the Eastern European countries. Already a new "crime" has appeared in the Communist catalogue: evasion of responsibility,

refusal to commit oneself to decisive action. In Europe at least, the dynamic of Communism seems to be played out The rot has already set in. R.N.B. (This article was wl'ilfen many weeks be/ore lhe death of either Sfalin or (/ollwald.)

FREEDOM OF THE ARTIST This elemental waft of windswept blue, This rich daub of green-bound earth, Canvas-flung, release his pegged, encumbered thoughts, Glittering, new-triumphant, libertine. Disengaged, his mind aspires with delight Like the pensioned manager of business who retires From stuffy office, seeking the fresh, untramell'd sky, Vainly seeks it, by enjoyment, not by strife. He flies, new Icarus, but falls from too much sun. Detached, his law is but his own; but freedom, The siren of self to spoilt artists and loosened clerks, Loses, when real, its gloss of fine ideaL First sip demands two. Intoxication follows Thus he binds self to self. Carelessly carving impasto, he is self-bound by his dream. Aspiring excess, he gains it and gains nothing. Glimpses and hopes dazzle. Experience negates. Self-freedom only cheers eccentrics. True freedom thrills when thick or fragile pigments Bubble a vital message, potent for all mankind. S.N.B. 113

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SUNSPOTS The discovery in 1609 of blemishes on the face of the sun dealt the Aristotelian philosophy, which had withstood the pa ssin~ of centunes,. a blow from which It was never to recover. A typical medieval concephon of the Ulllverse, that of Dante, stated that the cosmos was composed of a system of concentric spheres at the heart of which lay the motionless earth. Ordina ry matter was confined to the earth, but the rotahng spheres and the stars and planets attached to them, were fas hioned from a more subtle substance which unlike terrestial matter was not subject to change and corruptIOn . The myth' of circula r motion held the field ~ and the universe revolved to the music.of the spheres. When in 1609 after heanng of Its mventlOn In H olland , GalIleo mvented hIs own telescope, the sky was immediately filled Wit h ~ew wonde rs. Perhaps two Items may be picked out as especially damning to the AnstotelIan-Ptolemarc structure. FIrst the discovery of the satellites of Jupiter creating asymmetry, and seco ndly the observation of sunspots which destroyed the basis for the view that the heavens were immaculate and unchanging. A typical sunspot consists of a dark central '.'umbra" surrounded by a lighter "penumbra" which is, however, darkel than the adjacent surface o~ the sun or phot.osphere. That a spot is considerably cooler than the photosphere IS suggested by. ItS comparative darkness, and this is confirmed by th~ evidence of the spectrascope.. whIch reveals in sunspot spectra the bands of the chemIcal compounds tIta nhul.n OXIde and magnesium hydride. Both these compounds Âˇbreak down mto therr .constlt'!,ent atoms at a temperature of 3,OOOÂ°C., whereas the photosphere temperature IS 5,000 C. as calculated from radiation measurements. The detail of a sunspot, and even its shape, changes from day to day, its duration varying from a few months to a few days. The longest stay recorded IS 18 months b~t thIS was an exceptional case. The spots usually occur m parrs,. sometllnes accompal1led by subsidiaries. Their size varies from a few hundred mIles In dIameter (the smallest that can be shown by the 100 inch reflector at Mount Wilson Observator~) up to 100,000 miles or more. Indeed, a spot must be 25,000 miles m dIameter, three hmes that of the earth, before it is visible to the naked eye. That the spots are depreSSIOns on the solar surface is clear from the way they are foreshortened when they near the sun's limb. They are normally 500 miles deep. The spectrascope reveals two other interesting facts concerning sunspots.. The spots are cyclonic vortices; a strongly marked sprral configurahon of the Issuemg gases IS shown by the spectroheliograph. Secondly, that a strong magnetic field IS associated with the spots is shown by an application of the "Zeeman Effect", viz: that if light is passed through a strong magnetic field each stngle spectral hne IS conve~ted mto a doublet or triplet. The difference in wavelength of these components provides a method of measuring the field strength. A double line is observed if the light is viewed in the direction of the magnetic force, and a tnplet when viewed perpendicularly. By thiS method the Jines of force were observed to be normal to the surface at the centre of the spot and to radiate outwards. In the case of pairs of spots, it has been discovered that the two members are of opposite polarity. Further, that in the. southern hemisphere the eastern member of a pair is positive and the western nega ti ve , the reverse bemg true for th e

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As the sun rotates the spots drift from east to west across its disc; thus by their observation the period of rotation may be deduced. The gaseous nature of the sun is manifested by the fact that its period of rotation varies for different latitudes, from 24t days at the equator to 33 t days at the poles. G. E. Hale put forward the hypothesis that the spots consist of funnel-shaped vortices from which gaseous matter streams spirally upwards and outwards. The particles a re electricall y charged and produce a magnetic field. Vilhelm Bjerknes elaborated this theory, proposing that all the spots of one cycle belong to the same vortex-ring, which has its axis parallel to the lines of latitude, and is situated just below the photosphere. Where the ring emerges sunspot pairs occur. This explained the common polarity of the leading spot of each pair. During the early years of the nineteenth century a German amateur astronomer,

Schwabe, tabulated a record of the number of spots visible each day. In 1843 he published the results of his 27 years' labour. The number of spots on the sun is not approximately constant but varies periodically from maximum to minimum in a definite II year cycle. At sunspot-maximum as many as 30 spots may be visible, at the minimum the sun may be free from spots, at least to our view. Spots do not occur equally over the face of the sun, but are confined to two zo nes, one in each hemisphere, stretching roughly from latitudes 5째 to 35째 or 40째 NjS. Sporer has pointed out that their distribution in latitude was intimately connected with the spot cycle. At spot-minimum a few break out at the polar extremities of the zo nes, and begin to drift equator-wards, becoming more numerous as they do so. Reaching maximum at latitude 15째 N jS, thereafter they decrease in numbers, arriving at the equatorial limit at their numerical minimum. At the beginning of each new cycle the polarity system of the leading spots in the two hemispheres changes over. The reason for this is not yet fully understood. Many attempts have been made to correlate terrestial events with the 11 year cycle. A clear reflection has been discovered in many fields directly or indirectly connected with the weather. It has been shown that with the waxing and waning of the number of sunspots the sum mers gradually change from hot and dry to cold and wet. Douglass by studying the thickness of the annual growth rings of trees, has found II year periodicity. The level of Lake Victoria Nyanza and even the number of rabbit skins brought into the Hudson Bay Company has over half a century apparently fluctuated in step with the eleven yea r cycle. It should be remembered that the whole problem of the eleven year cycle is wrapped in the question of the sun's magnetism. The spot and the weather periods are secondary effects; the spots in themselves do not directly cause a change in the weather. More marked are the effects connected with magnetism. Precipitate va riations in the earth's magnetic field are known as magnetic storms. The arrival of a large spot at the central meridia n of the sun's disc often produces a magnetic storm . The twenty-four hour time lag between the solar cause a nd its terrestial effect shows that the agent is not radiation , which wo uld reach the earth simulta neously with visual observation, but a stream of electrons emitted by the disturbed area. The storms are of short duration, and if the spot is large enough to survive a complete revolution of the sun, may be repeated after 27 days. T he streams of electrons passing th ro ugh the upper atmosphere, where thc

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requisite low pressure is encountered, may ionise the atmosphere and p.roduce a high enough potential for visible discharge. The glow, WhiCh occurs 15 mIles up In the atmosphere, is known as an aurora, the Northern and Southern Lights. This effect, which is not unlike that in a neon discharge tube, thus exhibIts an eleven year cycle. The intensity of solar ultra violet light varies by at least 100% between spot maxima and minima. This radiation alters the properties of the ionised air in the upper atmosphere from which short radio waves are usually reflected. Long distance reception is thus greatly distorted at spot maximum. In these few points at least, the dream of the astrologer that terrestial events may be fortold by studying the heavens, has been realized. G.F.N.

BENEDETTO CROCE In the Spring of last year died an Italian philosopher, hi storian, political theorist and aesthete whose works are probably little known in this country but whose thought is undoubtedly of considerable importance. "Beware of too much explaining, lest we end by too much excusing", the Duc de Broglie once said, and in a world where all sorts of psychological excuses are put forward to explain and excuse evil actions, Benedetto Croce has reasserted the moral nature of man. He wrote, " We must hold fast to the truth that thinking, if it is really thinking, is always the thinking of the mind, or better still of the historical moment in which it is done; that it is always original and not reducible or derivative; that only on these occasions can it be universal or necessary; and that to treat thought in any other way is to misunderstand its veridical character and to materialize it unphilosophically as an event conditioned and determined by the past". From the idea of the autonomy of the individual mind Croce developed much of his thought. Because man's mind is free and at liberty from the all-enveloping environmental influence in which Marx would have us believe, it follows that he is a moral being; that he must indeed beware of explaining away weaknesses for which he should blame himself. Morality is for practical use ; a political act Croce interpreted as merely a useful act and emphasized that, though political and moral acts are separate, the latter must transcend and continually reshape the former. No-one can possibly decide what is a useful act without a moral code with which to judge it. "Morality", he wrote, "consists only in effecting something and the ineffectiveness of Utopian schemes is tested by the touchstone of historical conditions. " His sense of history and his belief that man could a nd would always do evil as well as moral good caused him to distrust all Utopian schemes of Society. "No doubt there is evil as well as good in man's behaviour; yet what is the evil but the instinct of selfpreservation, the necessary condition or material of all action." History is the story of men's minds, of their thoughts and as such the story of liberty, struggle and inequality for in all men and between all men there are antitheses which account for there being any history and any progress. While R. B. Collingwood was developing his theories of the philosophy of history in England Croce was thinking along similar lines in Italy. His reverence for the mind and its position of Ireedom led him to conclude that history 116

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is the recreation of past thoughts in the minds of the historian and reader and that therefore all history is contemporary history ; all history was the history of thought. Hegel received his reverence and Croce believed his theory of Dialectic, which Heraclitus dreamed up in a primitive form so long before, to be the most important contribution to the progress of philosophical speCUlation which the nineteenth century offered; its limitations and its perversion by its discoverer did not blind Croce to its value. Carefully limiting it he grafted it onto his belief in individuality, the virtue of which Hegel had so passionat~ly denied in the service of the Prussian State. Croce viewed life as essentially activity and struggle; the antithesis of a thought (and all history is the history of thought we must remember) lies actually within it and does not merely spring up outside it: he has recognized that A and not-A are part of one and the same thought process. Hegel's dialectic cannot be used to divide history into vast synthesising periods, but it can be used to show that dreams of Utopia are worse than useless, for life is activity, struggle and liberty which can never be completely destroyed until life is destroyed. "Though liberty cannot die it must always struggle to live." Croce's belief in the human mind as the creator of all that is history led him to recognize the worth of Hegel and to limit the theory of dialectic to its proper proportion and make it a relation of liberation. What emerges from Croce's work is a profound respect for the freedom of the individual. He possessed a poor opinion of Marx holding that "in Marx, communism has no content except the absence of all content, which is signified by the absurd cessation of conflicts and the historical void which is produced by the cessation of the conflict of life. " The coming equality, which Marx preached, makes meu mere billiard balls, shiny, smooth, of the same colour and size and the liberty and fraternity men would enjoy in such a situation would be that enjoyed by billiard balls. Secondly, Croce's belief in the autonomy of the mind created his sense of the moral nature of mankind. Thirdly, his sense of the power of the mind shaped his conceptiou of history and this in turn gave him so practical au outlook on the struggle which is life. He could never believe that war would cease for ever but it was supremely worth struggling to prevent it. Catullus could neither live with Lesbia or without her and Croce felt the same about Hege\. Effort and achievement make life worth living. Though life is struggle, struggle is not, as Hegel thought, an inevitable process. Croce has made a profound contributiou to European liberal philosophy. He has taken a further step along the road which J. S. Mill took when he rejected Hedonism, a nd ou which Lord Acton and T. H. Green have travelled. He too would agree that the sanctity of human life is the ultimate ethical principle and that liberty must always be the aim of a Society. Croce's claim to lasting fame has been his reassertion of responsibility in Society and his success in binding the Hegelian and the Liberal in a new and deeper conception of liberalism. P.O.

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MIRROR OF THE PASSING WORLD- COLOUR PRINT OF JAPAN By the eighteenth century, Chinese art, which had flouri shed since Cheops bu ilt the Great Pyramid, had fallen into a .decline from which it never recovered. While the long li ved "Chino iseric" fl ouri shed in Europe, Chinese art suffered from its own contact

with the West. The ladies portrayed on vases of this period are as voluptuous and Western as the mistresses of Versailles. This decline, however, wa s contemporary with the rise of

Japanese ar t, and especially the Japanese colour print. The visual arts, painting a nd sculpture, have not the pure aesthetic quality of music, nor are they as closely tied by the bonds of association, language or ex pression as poetry 01' literature. But a purer aesthetic appeal is achieved in the art of a race whose customs, clothes, geography and climate a re entirely different from our own. If such an art appeals to us, it will do so by its pure qualities of rhythm, harmon y and colo ur, and not through any sentimental association.

Colour printing, half craft, half art, was intended to afford pleasure to the lower classes of Japan, the teeming inhabitants of Yedo, the Capital city. T hese coloured sheets, bought for a few sen apiece a re in some ways like superior picture postcards. The best

...

of them. which were used as wa ll decorations or fire screens, now retch hundreds and even thousands of pounds. A more national art there has never been ; it mirrors no aristocratic life. Yeishi, an influential nobleman, who began to colour print in preference

to the higher esteemed art of painting, was disowned by his associates for so doing. We see instead, actors (who were as much popular heroes as prize fig hters and footbailers, and were therefore of the lower classes), tea gardens, temples, highways and bridges, throbbing with the life of Old Japan. There are many peculiarities about this a rt that may be at first disconcerting. The most obvious is a lack of realism. But realism was not what the artist ai med at. Rather they insisted on a flow ing rhythm, an intense feeling at the expense of photographic representation; "the seeking o ut of subtle and invisible relations in things, the per-

ception of harmonies a nd rhythms not heard by the common ear, the interpretation of life in terms of a firmer and more beautiful order than practical life has ever known. " All is expressed in a rhythm of pure lines; the acto r's figure and garments are tensed and hard or flowing and sinuously graceful according to the mood; the sage, wrapped in contemplation, is surrounded by a countryside wrapped in like contemplation. There is no light and shade, li ttle perspective, and a dominant flatness, but it is a n individual art, like a breath of fresh air after seeing museums full of huge canvasses covered from corner to corner with dark paint and dirty va rnish. The method of producing prints was simple. First, the artist drew the picture on the sheet with a brush. T he Japa nese, to whom this instrument was also a pencil, achieved extraordinary skill, a nd every line was tense with the feeling to be expressed. The picture was pasted face dow nwards on a block. of soft wood, which was cut away ti ll only the outlines remained, every brush stroke being faithfull y represented. Line and colour did not, as with Durer, part here. Separate blocks were cu t for the various colours. Printing was then done by rubbing the paper on the bl ocks in tUI'l1, gradat ions of' light and lone t18Âˇ

r1 1

Elltwist/e]

[ D. C. Rye/alld

LlNACRE HOUSE

I I.

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TH E CANTUARIAN

being achieved by va rying press ure. This me thod ensures the absence of any meaningless tone or variation . " Singular purity and loftiness is th e result, together with a certain

a loofness fro m reality that has a high aesthetic va lue." Simplicity of colour and shape is the essential of the colour print, and it was this, together with the nai vety of s ubject that so influenced the French impressionists and Whistler. The art began with Moronbu as far back as 1660, but the great period commenced with Kyo naga, whose best work was produced between 1780 a nd 1790 and who is one of the supreme exponents of the fi gure print. The aristocratic Yeishi began his career in 1780. In his pictures the early virility tends to greater plas ticity and in his later works even to ga udiness, but his best are masterpieces. Utamaro, supreme between 1790 and 1800, led th is rush towards increasing display. He led a very dissolute life and finished in prison for insulting the Shogun's ancestors. With his death in 1806 dies the great era of the fi gure print. Hereafter the art was only saved by the regeneration of the landsca pe. Hokusai (1760- 1849) and Hiroshige ( 1796- 1858) ranks among the world's supreme landscape artists. Hokusai, "the Old Man Mad with Painting", was a prolific worker; indeed, so prolific was he in early life that his enthusiasm tends to vulgarity. He was extremely versatile ; his smallest painting was on a grain of rice, his largest executed on a sheet 100 feet square, with the help of scaffoldin g, barrels of paint and an army of ass istpnts. His most famous work is the series Thirty-six vielVs of Fuj i. Here we see the sacred mountain behind all aspects of Japanese life, behind a high road, a storm at sea, a cistern, a river palace, a bridge. There is a noble simplicity of design, with Fuji's superb slope related to every other line in the picture, a ha rmonious blending of greens, blues and browns, an extraordinary skill in creating atmosphere and feeling. Hiroshige, no less in stature, was the last great producer of colour prints. His magnificent series of views of the Tokaido Road, the highways between Yedo and the ancient capital of Kyoto, give a perfect record of a life and a land which was completely free from any civilizing influence. We see the traveller on horseback or in a primitive sedan chair Jeaving an inn in the early morning, borne by yawning servants,

while other travellers set out on foot through the mist; or we see them at evening being dragged by servin g women into wayside inns. This national art was called "Mirror of the Passing World", and such it was. It is an everlasting monument to a way of life tllat has passed away, a monument which ranks as one of the world's supreme art istic achievements. Hiroshige died in 1858. Ten years after, Japa n was fully open to the influence of the modern world and the Japanese colour print died with its last great master. R.A .O.

11~

THE CANTUARTAN

A POST-WAR PHRASE BOOK Customs

Where does the examination take place? Are the officers strict? Tell me, where must I take the luggage for examination? Porter, these are my trunks. Take them to the customsoffice. Must I open? take the things out? Officer, what is liable for duty? I do not think I have anything to declare. This only contains clothing, body-linen, sandwiches, penguins, personal effects. I have a few cigars (about 10, about 20, 50, 100, possibly 200) and a little tobacco (one ounce, 4 ounces, a pound, two pounds, perhaps several pounds). This bag contains something to eat (sugar, butter, chocolate, poultry, hams, cooked meat, only trifles). !R. They are for my own use . That bag contains books . If you open it, I shall never be able to close it. The lock is very strong. I have lost the key. I do not feel well. Please be careful. That suit-case belongs to my aunt. Oh, look! And I thought it contained books! Officer, 1 was not aware that duty was charged on watches (fountain pens, clocks, nylon stockings, gold bars). Please do not look at me like that. I am a good (innocent, harmless, law-abiding, misunder~tood) citizen. My father is a member of parliament (colonel, mayor, bishop). I cannot think of an answer to that question. I think British policemen are wonderful (affable, reliable, simple, despicable). Sergeant, these handcuffs are too small (too large, too heavy, too tight, too embarrassing).

Restaurant Waiter, what do you recommend? We have come to your country to eat (to drink, to eat and drink). We are only allowed 3/- (4/-, 5/-) spending-money a day. But I have a brother (sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend) living in Brussels (Bale, Cologne, fnnsbruck, Paris). 120'

THE CANTUARIAN

This meal must be austere (modest, nutritious, good, wonderful, splendid, memorable). Waiter, it is IS years since I ate real beef (mutton, veal, pork, butter, food). Do not show me any spam (gristle, cod, luncheon meat, preserved steak). I am a quicktempered man. My stomach turns easily. This steak (schnitzel, goulasch, trout, lobster) is really excellent. Manager, may I please photograph this steak (schnitzel, goulasch, trout, lobster). My wife (cook, family, friends, member of parliament) would be interested. We shall return to-morrow (to-night, in two hours, daily). Is that my bill? Please show me the way to the nearest pawnbroker. MORPHEUS

THE TALE OF THE OLD SALT (new version)

or PUT SOME SALT ON HIS TAIL (perversion) By NE PLUS ULTRA

(or No MORE ADDING UP)

It is an Ancient Schoolmaster,

And he stoppeth two or three. "By the long tirades and twittering words, N ow wherefore stopp'st us thee! The Regal's doors are opened wide, And we're expected in;

Our friends are met, the day is wet: May'st hear the merry din." He holds them with his skinny hand, "There was a prep.", quoth he,

"Told off! once more, the same old tune!" his hand dropt he.

He holds them with his scathing tones They cannot choose but hear ; And thus spake on that ancient man The forgetful Schoolmaster. 121

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" I looked upon the rotten prep. And drew my eyes away; I looked upon the rotten stuff And there the rubbish lay.

o sweeter than the cinema, 'Tis sweeter far to me To work together in the class. You are a ghastly company." And they had done a hellish thin g, And it would work 'em woe: For he protests they had failed t he tests: He said their marks were low. There passed a weary time. Each boy Was bored, and dazed their minds. A weary time ! a weary time! How dazed their wea ry minds, When bending fo rward, they were 'wa re Of something just behind . The sill y pupils in the fo rm , They had so long remained, They dreamt that they were filled with buns, But when they woke, were caned. They groaned, they stirred; they all repose Nor spoke nor thought a lot; It had been strange even in a dream To have seen that those dim boobs swot. The idiots all 'gan work like stink, Which they weren't wont to do. They raised their pens, the lifeless foolsThey were a ghastly crew. They moved their lips- the master shrieked, Nigh feU down in a fit ; The holy terror raised his eyes, But stayed where he did sit. They to ok their pens; the master sa id , They made a crazy sight, . Laughed loud a nd long and all the wh.le His eyes we nt left and right. " Ha! ha l", quoth he, " fuU plain 1 sec, The fools know how to write!" 122

THE C ANTUARIAN

THE DUTCH PAINTfNGS TN LONDON Anyone who visi ted this veritable feast of O ld Masters last holidays must have been struck by the

scope and variety of the subjects. The eye was delighted by the sheer profusion of Biblical scenes, portraits, interiors, st ill life, flowers and landscape that crowded upon the walls. A loaf of bread here was as worthy of paint as the human figure. The other rea lly striking feature was the impeccable technique of every painting; if some of the pictures seemed un inspired, at least they were the last word in the actual laying on of oil colour. The mind was staggered by the intricate detail of a Van Huysum flower piece; the veins upon every leaf, the slight twist of every petal, even vagra nt insects and drops of glistening dew were portrayed with the greatest accuracy, yet all without detriment to the general effect. Or take Vermeer's " A lady at the Virginals", so convincingly painted, with its sweep of drapery or the reneetion in the mirror, and with hardly a brush mark to give evidence of the master's hand. Frans Hals, again, was fascinating through his sheer virtuosity with paint; he realistically suggested a ruff by a few well placed florid sweeps of the brush, and with the minimum of effort he portrayed the wrink les of a smiling face. In landscape, too, distinct detail and broad generalisation were ba lanced to a nicety. There was a certain mellow tranquility in Cuyp's glistening rivers, rustling foliage, verdant meadows and distant hills that was reflective of a new found pleasure in natural scenery, nature painted for its own sake. Hobbema's "The Avenue" is a picture of sheer contentment, with its nat horizon and view of homely gardens. And this leads me on to mention the most typical of all Dutch painting, "the interior". The homely, bourgeois life of the placid and industrious Dutch is reflected in Pieter de Hooch 's "Courtyard with an Arbour", its simple bricks and tiles, twining plants framing a charming family group. Particularly delightful was Isaac Koedyck's " A surgeon bandaging a patient's foot"; the cye here was delighted by a quaint twisting staircase. [n contrast to this were the boisterous scenes of Jan Steen; in his picture "The School" it was fascinating to notice the variety of expressions of the gesticulating figures. Dominating the whole exhibition was the giant figure of Rembrandt. He flew far beyond the "genre" reach of his contemporaries. His portraits and nativity scenes were both daring and yet assured; daring in the way in which he experimented with light and assured in the masterly way in which he applied the paint. Typical of this was hi s " Man in Armour", a picture of umbrous gloom in which the glints on the soldier's array shone out like lamps. Take also his " Portrait of a lady with a fan"; thi s was the last word in the painting of things as they really do appear, for the lace, the decoration on the fan and the features of the face were all completely telling and realistic. Yet this was not photographic, for the whole picture was ordered by a strict artistic sense of selection. In its way it was perfection; voila-c'esf fouf . Jl.H.

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AESCHYLUS AT CAMBRIDGE Most of those who saw the Cambridge production of the AgOl!Iell.lI1ol1 surely enjoyed it ; the acting was skilled, the spectacle impressive, and the speech ,[rom begll1m~g. to "cnd abundantly clear and intelligible, even to ears unaccustomed to the barbarous new pronunClatlon . Certainly it was appreciated by all those members of the Paler Society who made the visit. This is not on ly particularly commendable in a Greek play. but most of a\l!" a play of Aeschy lus, ",:,ho, far more than Euripides, stressed in drama the theme of a war be,tween, two fi ghts, not the theme o~ fight versus wrong morc congenial to Engl ish thought. To t~e English !111O~. Clytaemnestra and Aegls!hus killed Agamemnon to gratify their evil pa~sion: t~e sacnfice of .lphl~enta and .the curse of the Atr~ldae are only their respective excuses for the cnme. This earthly motive did not sat isfy ~eschylus, nor, III all probability, the majority of his audience, for whom a tragedy re~resen!ed the dilemma bet,ween .two honourable courses. r have no doubt that in this play Clrtaem,nestr~ s motive was Agame".1non s sacnfice of his daughter to obta in favourable winds; and Aeglsthus motive revenge for. the cnm~ of Atreus, Agamemnon's father, who invited Aegisthus' father to banquet on the flesh of his own chi ldren. The production did not obscure th is interpri?tation, although it wa~ c~rta inly not stressed to the point of bringing home to the unwilling the Greek attitude to Clytaemnestra s. Sill. But I feel sure that Aeschylus would have winced at the presentation of Cassan~ra, ~!10 was English to the bone. She entered-~f necessity, perhaps, for the stage was cramped, but If~fehcltously-on the back bumper of Agamemnon s chariot; and when she spoke, the illusion of the mnocent, ~oe-eyed, .pr?phesy-wrack~d orphan was sustained and an English girl substi tuted for Aeschylus' magl1lficently dlgOlfied and tragically profound prophet~s. Clytaemnestra, too, though played by a tal~nted actress, fell sho~t of he~ tremend<?us part, while the presentation of Agamemnon, whose character IS open to a great. va nety of IOterpretahon, was marred by a mismanagement of the purple carpet scene. 1 had expected th at Clytaemnestra would say the famous lines beginning .. .. "There is the sea, and who shall dram It dry? after Agamemnon had overcome his scruples and trodden the purple carpet into the palace: instead, the unwary peacock strutted on to the purple, to be arrested by his. relentless . persecutor, a!1d after to pass in like a victim to the sacrifice. For Agamemno,"!- t~llS to stnde p~st his murderess Irrevocably doomed, through the curse of the Atreidae and the mahgmty of heaven, mtroduces a touch of Eastern fatalism foreign to this play. "Then in the chorus came, and rattled off a string of four contit:luC;lus lyric odes"-:-so ~ristophan.es O~l Aeschylus. Fatigue was perhaps inevitable duri.ng the long chonc m~e~I~ldes. but m this production It was reduced to a minimum by the pleasant mUSical phrases and the divIsion of the stanzas between the singers. J. DE V.A.

"FAENUM HABET IN CORNU" At a time when the cricket squares on Birleys are undergoing their annual springclean, and the sound of bat on baH comes more frequently from the concrete shed on B!ores, the th0':18hts. of the less cultured exponents of our national game turn to the Haymakers. There IS often mystification among younger boys, when, for their misdemeanours, they find themselves dunned .for the benefit of the Haymakers, as to what exactly the Haymakers are. A word or t:vo of explanation may thus n<?t be out of pl~ce. They are a cricket club who possess no ground, no. kit, I"!-0 transport, no fU!1ds. Their only .pOSs~sslo ns are a full fixture list, the right to wear--on certam stnctly d~fined occa~lOns-an attr~cuve lte, a~d abundant optimism. Defeat never worries them, rather does victory surpn~e the.m. Their membership is as varied as their fortunes: Captains of the 1st xr. have been numbered m th~lr ranks, aO,d members of the Boat Club-although this should not . be IT!entlOned t<;>o loudly .at Fordwlc.h or Pluck s Gutterhave found an outlet for their suppressed Englishry m Hayma~mg operations at Nonmgton o~ Harble~own. But the bulk of the members are boys who, while keen on cnckl?t, are not good enough at It to get mto a School XI. The only test of membership is keenness-;-the read mess to forego meals, and expend pocket money on 'bus fares, in order to represent th~ club m some ~bscure encounter. The HaYf!-1~kers lead a precarious existence, unhonoured, unrecogmsed,.and-w~at IS more unfortunate- unsubsldlsed. But they can find pride in their misfortune. They can Justly claim to be true amateurs.

H.J.M.

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BOOK REVIEWS SPORUS AND THE COURT Lord Hervey's Atfemoirs, edited by Romney Sedgwick. (Kimber, 25/-.) " History is ~?mance t~at is believed; romance is history tha~ is not believed; that is the difference between them . Th~ ~f1ter of ~hese words, H<?race W?lpol~, .fllts among the pages of the memoirs of Lord Hervey, who IS Immortahsed as Sporus 10 Pope s satmc verse. The memoirs are an historical docu.meJ?t of priceless value and they are indeed romance which is believed- history at its most caphvatmg. Sporus, "~ha.t mere w~ite curd of ass's milk ... this bug with gilded wings" as Pope called him, achieved the u~most mtlmacy With George H and Qu.e~n CarOline, being constantly at her bedside during her final Illness .. He has reco~ded, remarkably ~Ivldly aJ?d yet with admirable impartiality, the events and talk current III the co urt !tfe from George II s accessIOn to the Queen's death ten years later. From these enter~ainingly written. memoirs emerge .factors of importance to the understanding of government at the time and of the eighteenth century III general besides shadowy fingers pointing out the characteristics of Harvey's own stable, impartial personality, I; is wisdom and personal influence. In 1736 t~is notic~ wa~ pasted on the g~te at St. James'.: "!--ost or strayed out of his house, a man who has left a Wife and ~IX children on the pansh; wh~ever Will give any tid ings of him to the Churchwardens of St. Jal!les' Pansh. so as h~ may be got ag~ln,. shal~ receive four shillings and sixpence reward. N.B.- ThiS reward will not be IOcreased, no one Judgmg hun worthy of a Crowll." The memoirs do little t<? alter the impression that the royal fami~y a~ a whol~ wer~ anything but worthy possessors of their ~lIgh office. When the anonymous ~un:t0unst pmned t~IS notice <;>11 the palace gates, George was again III Hanover, at. the age of 53 enth.uslasttc as ever over his latest mistress, Madame Walmoden. The split between the Pnnce of Wales and his parents was al ready deep; early in the following year despite George's offers he I?ressed the m':l-tter of an inct:ease to double his allowance to ÂŁ100,000 a year, much to the conster!1at.lon of bo~h his father and Sir Robert Walpo le, the King's first minister, who were told by Mr. Wmmngt~n the.lr best ca lculator, th~t they should lose the division in the Commons by ten votes. Howeyer, despite thiS gloomy forecast,. Sir .Robert sccur~d a majority of thirty. It was only Frederick's b~ha~lOur over the a<:C0uchement of his wl.fe and the birth of their daughter at St. James' without the KlIlg s knowledge, which finally persuaded him to turn them from the palace with no furniture and without putting any alternative residence at their disposaL On t~e evening of the 20th November in that year Queen Car~line died after a painful illness aggravated by the IOcompetence of her doctors. The only sentiment which her son Frederick offered was "Well we shall soon have good news; she cannot hold out much longer" and of her son the "Griff:' as she called him, the Queen said, "At least I shall have one comfort in having my eyes eter~ally c1osed- l shall never see that monster again." Soon after Hervey began his memoirs, the Princess Royal married the deformed dwarf the Prince of 9ran ge, and went to live in Holl.an?; The Princess Emily "w~s glad of any back to slash and the sorer ~t was the gladd~r she was to stnke . Only the Queen and Prmcess Caroline emerge from the memoirs lfl a favourable hght. Ge~rge was snappy, shall0:-V, unfait~ful, pn;>ud .and arrogant, boastful of his courage and prowess as a sold ier. He professed undylOg devotJon to his Wife, the greatest, fairest and worthiest woman God had ever created, but he boasted how much she owed him and how much her sense of duty was becoming to so excellent a husband. Though George .a!1~ his fan:tily as a whole received little reverence from Lord Hervey, he had a profound l''?Spect for the .abllltIes and IOfluen~ of the Queen. The concern of Sir Robert at the Queen's illness his fear that Without her as a medlary for his proposals his ability to gain the King's support for hi~ measures would vanish, is clearly shown. Often he told Lord Hervey that the Queen could make the King .suggest as his own plans t~ings which a week previously he had scorned as Walpole's. Queen Carolme was not unaware <?f her Imporlal.lce and .by constant command over her emotions at the equally constant snubs from the Kmg be.t~een his eul~gles of her, s ~e mastered him by mildness. At bottom, he seem.ed always to trust her ~bl.hty and fidel.lty and she mamtained her power without ever obviously prot!l!dm~ he~' own or 'Yalpole s Idea.s upon hll1;t. 1~ was however Wa lpole alone who prevented English parttcipatIon 111 t.he Polish ,:"ar, despite George s Wishes, vehemently and constantly expressed, to join H, for the Queen was as desirous to have England pluck a laurel from the brows of the French generals <IS was her husband .

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Lord Hervey has shed light on the constitutional cha.n~es which can:ae about ~n the eighteenth century, Though Sir Robert was more powerful than any first rnl~lster before !1I!11. t~le K1!l8 a~d Qu~en rCl?catedly gave their ear to Lord Hervey and there arose no Question of the ml.n1ster s rCS:lgna~10n ":'llh w~lch Peel threatened Queen Victoria. The King still called meetings of the cabll1ct council, which stili at tunes was far from maintaining that corporate responsibility which is a feature of the cabmet to-day, A crowd of cmi nent persons arc concealed within the pages of the memoirs of Sporus, most handsome of men with so fair and feminine a build and complex ion that Frederick's man Pulteney named him "created Lady of the Lord s". Sir Spencer Compton, Sir Robert, L<?r<i Chesterfield ,. l-!orace Walpole, . Henry Fox, Lord North, Mrs. Howard, Miss Vane and Lady Delorame all crowd wlthlll the covers of these readable memoirs. Sporus's impartiality is a feature of hi s work and yet he has n~ anaged to imb!be something of w~at Croce called "the white heat of historica l truth". In a. work full of mterest, sllch thmgs as the moral laXity compared with that most moral of all centuries, the nireteenth, l.he peculiar medica l treatmen~s an~ I~ck of medical knowledge and the peculiarity o f marriage ~e:emo m e~, Lord. Hervey succeeded m pamtmg a picture of court life and political practice both entertamlng and mstructlve.

P.O.

THE KENTISH STOUR The Kelllish Stour. by Robert H. Goodsall , O.K.S. (Cassell. ) A true app reciation of any matter is first the product. of a sudden joy al.ld re~1isat io n of something lovely, followed by an inner and deeper sensibility as k!lOwledge apd expenence mcrea.se. Mr. Robert Goodsall has this yea r published Th e Kelltish 51011,., dedicated to hiS daugh.ter <~nd.'o hiS s~ n .Robert, a present member of the School. This book is n~t ~h~ pr<?duct of a su~ de l~ lIl ~plratlon , nor IS It the d.ull record of a mere histo rian or geographer- but It IS IIlsplred by a lastlllg JOY In every aspect of Kentlsh life-in ci ty. village and open country. In the initial paragraph of his first chapter Mr. - Goodsall remembers how the bc:>ys at the King's School of his youth took the ri ver for granted as merely one. bou'.ldary of the rugger pttch. and "equally the quiet beauty of Pordwich. where the School fours practised m the reach bel.0'Y the Church. passed unheeded. " This I, as an oarsman however moderate, cannot wh~lIy accet?t: tt tS the .th<?ught of the church reflected in the water that has led me several times to go rowmg when It wa s well wtthm my power to be lazy and stay at home. The Stour rises in the lovely cobbled village of Lef!ham, fan~ou s in the eighteenth centu~y for its smugglers, and it wa s there that Mr. Goodsall began h t~ wandenngs along the banks of the nver. In all his journey, he continually pauses to recount 10c~ 1 hi story an,d per so~al anecdotes- the number of grand children that Mary Honywood of Roy ton had III 1620, a flight of kingfishers remembered from a day in 1931 , and so 011. F rom Lenham the r iver flows to "swee t1 y~wate red Ch ilst<?n" .and on into. the country of the Charts- a reach good for anglers- and so .to ~shford and Wye with l,tS lovely b.ndge and fine o ld mill. Here at Wye John Kempe was born, a KlIlg s Scholar and later Cardlllal~Archblshop of Canterbury, and Chancellor of England. Thus we go on- Olantigh, God~nersham, (th~ ~osi ngs Park .of Pride ~l1d Prejudice), Chil~am-each described in a sty le that makes thts book IlTeslsh ble to any wtth the silghtest love of Kent, then the lovely stretch by Sha lmsford to Chartham . and straight to Canterbury under the ever~increasing dominance of Christ Church. Canterbury, at least, we know better than t.n~s t spots on the Stour. but even hero our knowledge is revealed as very imperfect and needful of reVISion . From Canterbury the river goes to Sturry, past the Junior School, and thence to ~anterbury's Ostia, the town of Fordwich, a member of the Cinque Ports Confederacy whose r~co rded IllStory reaches back to before 1066. The local residents evidently amused themselves by removlOg t~e m.onastery's quay~Â an ancient example of the trials of our present Boa~ Club. The rem~ll1der of the nverslde, from For~~lCh to Pegwell Bay, is only remotely populated, b~t Rtchborough, for Instance, has seen remarkable military history both for the Romans and for the soldiers of 1914. Arnold Toynbee would tell us that nothing less ~ignific<l l1t lhun a whol~ civilj~<llion ,is worthy of individual study: though Mr. Goodsall may not entirely have overthrown 10y n~ee ~ tl ~es l s, y~t he bus shown the imporlance thal a particular natural feature may have to those who hve III Its cnvtronment and how bewitching is the spell of a river, flowing on its remorseless Wily. Mr. Goodsult has placed on record for all time his remembrance of a lifetime's experience of beauty.

r.H.M.

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THE SCHOOL CONCERT At the ri sk of being repeletive, we think that the standard of illusic in the School has again risen considerably since the last Christmas conce rt. ft was therefore ext remely gratifying th at a large number of visitors was prcsent at the concert in the Chapter Housc. It was by far the largest audience that there has ever been for the annual performance; the increased number of the School and a record total of three hundred and fift y visi tors brought the su m to over eight hundred and fifty people . The orchestra began with Franz Schubert's 5lh Symphony in B flat. The work reveals an infinite capaci ty for repetition but the interpretation never became boring and the interest and brightness were maintai ned to the end. Both the climaxes and nuances of expression and phrasing showed how well the orchestra was practised in the wo rk and in cvery way the performance was ex tremely creditable; it is a pity that so much work and trou ble has to be expended for o ne pe rformance of a work as big as this sy mphony. The symphony wa s fo llowed by Beethoven's Pianoforte Trio in C mino r (opus I iii) played by Cornelius Cm'dew, whose performance was the best part of the concert , Mil es Baster, whose brilliance and experience are well known, a nd Roger Lunn , whose skill on the 'cell o promises so wel l for the future. Though the ensemble was good, the propensity of the Chapter House to create difficult ies of sound reflection were clearly shown when the trio were playing, and at times Lunn, less experienced than Baster in the problems which the Chapter House presents, produced insufficient volume for a perfect blend ing of the parts, The principal ilem on the programme was Vaughan Williams' Fa ntasia on Christmas Carols. sung by Barry Salmon and the Choral Society with the orchestra. 1n a fair performance several faults were revea led. Though the Choral Society stood in front of the orchestra it was still a stra in for them to produce their vo ices; they seemed tolerably sure of their notes but more hard practice is needed in the art of good singing. The tempo went astray several times and it was obvious that the si ngers were buried deep in their music, an attention which should be unnecessa ry after constant pract ice. The words were by no means distinct; it was the first time that they had not been printed on the programme and they were sadly missed . Nevertheless there were many pleasing features in the Fantasia, in itsel f a work entirely appropriate for Christmas time. Roger Lunn 's opening passage o n the 'cell o was excellent and Barry Salmon. the Baritone soloist, was very competent, employi ng 11 clear narra ti ve tone en tirely s uitable fo r the composition. The trebles excelled themselves and the select body of tenors, so outnumbered by the mighty ranks of the bass voice, sounded very creditably. It was on the whole a very enjoyable performance. The fift h item on the programme was Grundma nn's Clarinet Quartet, Bagatelle, played by Stephen Hardi sty. Peter Furneaux, John Hamilton~Pate rson and Ant hony Agnew. 11 was rhythmic, melodious and interesting. and it was fine to sec some of the younger boys so at ease in the public gaze. The orchestra then pl ayed their fina l piece, the Walt z from Tschaikowsky's ballet, The Sleepillg Beall'Y. The waltz is a series of growing climaxes and fa st moving outbursts and the interpretat ion was so good that the audience demanded an encore wh ich was as rioto usly successful as the original perform ance. Its energy and keenness a re peculiar virtues of o ur own military band. They began with a fine march, 111 Old Vielllla. and continued with a Minuet and Trio from Hayd n's Surprise Symphony which were well played and well phrased, with good chording and ensemble. Chri stopher Featherstone, a trumpeter in the Nat ional Youth Orchest ra, then played The Post H om Galop by Koen ig. It was taken at a brisk pace and was brilliant throughout. As usual the milit ary band ended with the Sea SOllgs but though they were jolly good fun some feel that we have heard them often enough. However the Sea Songs brought a first class concert to a suitably triumphant conclusion. The applause was a suitable tribute to Mr. Boyle, Mr. Purcel1 and all those who help to make our concerts such a success.

P.H.M. 127

THE CANTUARIAN

THE CAMDEN TRIO On Sunday. February 22nd, Archie Camden (bassoon), Evelyn Rothwell (oboe), and Wilfrid Parry (piano), gave a most enjoyable and informative recital in the Chapter House. The differences in tone and technique between the oboe and bassoon were well shown, both in the ensemble items and in the pleasantly informal explanations which both players gave of their instruments. Mr. Camden has probably done more than anyone else to bring out the bassoon as a solo instrument, and in this recital we appreciated

that he possesses not only the greatest skill as a virtuoso player, but also a deep affection for the instrument and the music he plays. Miss Rothwell's performance on the oboe possessed every attribute-expert technique, beautiful phrasing, and a lovely tone. Everything looked and sounded so easy; but therein lies Miss Rothwell's artistry, since we know how difficult it really is. The programme itself was pleasantly varied. and contained music which most of us probably had not heard before-notably. a Melody for the oboe by Morgan Nicholas, a Trio by Poulenc, and a Trio by Robert Planel. Miss Rothwell said that no information about the last composer had yet come to lighthere is scope for research students! No comment on this recital would be complete without a word of praise for Mr. Parry, whose piano accompaniments most ably demonstrated the advice given to us last term by Mr. Gerald Moore; he was always heard at the right time. and never at the wrong time. Our sincere thanks are due to all the artists for a really enjoyable and instruct ive evening. l.G.S.

NEWSPAPERS On Thursday, March 5th, Mr. Wilson Harris, Editor of The Spectator, spoke to the Sixth Form on "Newspapers", a talk combining pleasantly both informat ion and personal comment. He began with a historical survey of his subject, and in the course of this he singled out three dates: 1702-The London Courant, the first English newspaper; 1785- The Daily Universal Register, later to become known as The Times; and 1896-the revolutionary Daily Mail. The Lolldoll Courant was a far cry from a modern newspaper, being a single sheet published week ly, with the editor liable to be hung, drawn and quartered if the law of libel was in any way infringed. The first appearance of The Times meant a daily cost of 7d. to all who bought it, and 7d., at eighteenth-century values, made it a very considerable luxury. In our own century. it stands out that speed of production has caused the most change. The preponderance of the London Press. the continual shortening of newspapers (even at a time when paper economy was quite unheard of), the element of competition against other papers~all these are both cause and effect of the need to place the news rapidly before the public. The Press has become to an everÂˇ increasing extent a branch of commerce, particularly on account of the technical problems of modern production, and of modern systems of circulation. It was interesti ng to hear that advertisements pay for nearly a half of the total cost in many papers. Me. Harris expressed his pleasure that the extreme rivalry of pre-war years, particularly in the matter of gift-tallies, had now disappeared. The question of sensational distortion of the truth he dismissed, by illustrating lhe ways in which material is kept on the truthful side of any question, small or great. The unwritten code among newspaper editors is a sufficiently strong force to protect the reading public from slanderous or incorrect reporting: for instance, the London Press was silent for many months about Edward VIll's relations with Mrs. Simpson, and that merely at the reqllest of the Government. Me. Harris ended his talk on a note of praise and hope, indicating that, in the development of newspapers in the twentieth century, no English government has, despite two World Wars, infringed on the Freedom of the Press, * an element of liberty which it is still ours to have and to hold. K.D.A. *Editorial Note: "The Daily Worker" was banned for a short lJeriod during the Second World War. 128

'[HE CANTUAR IA N

THE BURGUNDIAN SANCTUARY MR. S. J. EGERTON·BANKS Mr. Egerton·Ba nks: lecture C?n the evening of Sunday, February 1st revealed both erudition and re'\t sympathy for the subJe,ct and It was received with great enjoyment by the School Mr Egert~ .. B~ had ~et out on a defi!1lte quest to the me~iaeval reli$ious sanctuary in Burgundy' and '00 that °Sunda s ft~eg!dgd~:c~~~r~d~' With equal success, to mterest us m the knowledge he had acquired and the beaut~

th TIL~e hea~ ~6 ERh~pe, beyond the reach of marauders who sailed up the rivers, the Seine the Rhone me, were centred the great abbeys at Tournus Cluny Vezel Po 1" d th· e Irc an . e c~~ehdJallt Autun. This. countx:y was the first and principal seat of those g;eat md-;.r~stic ~;t~6i'i;~nment; w l,c la< so overwhelm mg. an mfluence on the faith and forms of those times and whose influence has ~dlated sOCltrC?n~ a .current. mto Europea'.1 culture and Western civilization. The barbarism of the Middle Mges.jav~ l~Sh~fllty a umque opportumty to leaven the lump which was the dough of European society r. ger on· an s. showed us some of the most important roots of our civilization in this arc'\ of land so formidable an church

;~~dt 1~~n~~t~~Obll~i~dY~~ ~~~~~nr~ddi~nrh~e~~Jl ~~l~g~l~~~~'~he~!'n~l~f~:'

This sanctuary of such beauty has a special interest for us at Cante'b r

amou~t ~f

. th I

s~<?rdiS ¥lhe very1abbeys and monasteries which S1. Thomas an'd S/ An~e~ A~~hbish~~~l~f' C~~t:r~~r:o

VISI e.

ere, t ley too found beauty and peace for co ntemplation and

. M

.'"

~o~.lh thr01:1gh ~~Ns, the home of William the architect of th~ existing ~~ii:lOf C~~~~~e~~yOCa~~~d~:r

ng ~s r~ Iglous I e was closely connected with the main currents of European development. . f Wlt~ him, Mr. Egerton-Banks .brou~ht an admirable collection of colour slides illustrating his journey rO?l

oyer, across France to this. umque natural. sa nctuary and back again to our own Cathedral cit

Valle~ Irtlltlan.dsc~pes of general mterest on the Journey, the interiors of the churches and abbeys were

rPccla >; e decttve In colou.r ..The photogra~hs had been ta~en with consummate skill; the best possibilities iJlee~f~pl~c~t scaPj ~n? bUlldlfn g whe~e explOited; a profUSion of interior views gave a clear impression of . I I Y ~m a ance. 0 arc Iteclural style and the great ponderousness sometimes necessar for y. protectIon agamst maraud.. ng attackers. The coolness and autumnal beaut of thes b ' Id' hun~red years oIhd, pOSSesSlOg a simple religious serenity which Ruskin and p~gin wish~d ~~ f~~~~ht~~g~~ regalO. was emp . aSlsed by the photographs. "

fro~rSll~tel~~~:u~i~~sc~~f~~~:1nb~;:S~~d~.nS~ ygn~h~ef~:~,hl:d~n~h~;~~~eoflif~Stt~d~::~dai~eO~~rsicnhgoinogl 10

par

ICU

al.

" LIFE" One day my loved one fell ill; Her body shook In torment: Agony To move. 1 found her In a hospital bed Asleep, alone. 1 breathed a word In her pink·lit ear. But there came no reply. My loved one was comatose spiritless Without will to grow well. ' , Without sign. or hope. or guide Out of the morass of diseaso. In this plain white ward. She sank ... Lower and lower. .. , 129

THE

CANTUARIAN 1 matched Variety to variety,

The long night's vigil slowly passed. Suddenly Her eyes flickered; Awake ning : "Flowers", she mo uthed And sank back limply, asleep.

,â&#x20AC;˘ â&#x20AC;˘ t

11"1

Shade to shade, Bloom to bloom,

Leaf to leaf-

Dank to dry Lush to delicate In an evergrowing armful. As I gathered, I wanderedUntil quite lost: But finding the road in the end. There patiently waited,

I left the room Silently. Not to disturb myself. [ found a passage Leading to the open. I walked along quiet back streets, . Cool and clear o n a summer mormng. My half-closed eyes mistily observed An approaching bus. My cramped l e~s Took me on to It. My weary body Sank back in the seat. Presently, I saw the town open out , And fields appear. We travelled on. Again the bus stopped: I got up and Rolled to the door. The invigorating ai r Hit me , I awoke.

Arranging my flowers-

Not Neatly. Quietly. But Raggedly . Richly ... 1 came back to the wa rd With my armful of Little wild flowers , Smiling, As they were. In a bowl of water They rested, Beside my loved one's bed. She wakens to rapture, To kissing their perfume. , , Wild, living, perfume ....

L climbed with agility The warm grassy bank , . 1 twisted through some fence WIres: A fallow field, . With a few sheep starmgPenetrating . Yet blunt. [ crossed the field And clambered a wall Into a shaded wood: Full of beautifully smelling VegetationButNo wild flowers.

The days passed, My loved one reviving. But as she began to live again, My little wild flowers Wi lted. Beauty lingering, But slowly fading : And the day came When my loved one Gathered her possessions,

And prepltred to leave. She took a long last look : And a sigh of relief parted her lips. And I looked too. Tho ugh joy was in my eyes, A scene of sadness met my gaze. She was well: Btlt my wild nowers were dead.

I passed on, and ca~e . To an uncultivated htllsldeAlive with colour, And glancing gaiety of flowers. 1 stooped to pick one, Then another, And againUntil J bad A posy fllil.

DAVID

130

SLADBN

THE

C ANTUAR I AN

THE HOUSE PLAYS The original intention this yea r was that the Ho uses should combine in pairs and prod uce their plays that way : this d id not marerialize, however, and though School House and Galpin's shared an evening, every HOllse had an independent production, In the caso of Meister Omers, this was fully justified, for they produced the best House play for at least eight years (beyond which the Editorial memory does not. stretch). The piece chosen was TOJ~s. 0/ Money and it was produced by Mr. Sugden, who thus revea led himself as an extremely va luable addition to our dramatic stafT. The play was given a most effective send-off by its decor, which was in the hands of S. N. Burbridge and J. S. Harvey. who contrived to double the usual area of stage (it is aston ishi ng that nobody had th ought of it before) a nd who designed and executed a rea1 ly magnificent set. The play largely centres on an impoverished sq ui re. J . C. Dunn, and his wife, D. F. Riceman , an exqui si tely feminine woman , but so deep did Mr. Sugden cast his net that even the smallest fishes were transformed into a sembl ance of professiona lism, particularly B. W. MilicI' a nd L. R. D 'eath as a long-lost fia ncee and a lawyer respect ively. Thi s production will long be the criterion of all House plays. School Hou se had little setting and a merely rudimentary production , and they forsook the well-worn trail of drawing-room comedy for Henry F ielding's bucoli c froli c, The Mock Doctor. Des pite these omi ssions and hurdlcs, it was li vely and whimsical throughout. The impeccable tone of stolid gaiety set by M. Herbert's superb woodcutler~doctor was ably mai nta ined by the rest of the cast. The women may not have been the height of fe mininity, but- joy of joys !- we heard them , and they understood the implications of their lines. School Ho use was obviously not aiming at a professional production, but as amateurs they were magnificent: they at least realized that you must be heard and you must un derstand what you are say ing. The rest very largely follo ws. Walpole created a comedy (intentionally o r not we cannot say) fro m a Galsworthy psycho logical drama: Escape. The result was, as it were, a series of sketches wit h a thread of continuity; this fragmentation

did not really spoil the play, which in every way surpassed all Walpole's efforts for many years. Though J. C. Rear had the key part. and was quite adequate, the star was L. A. Kinghorn , who played

two parts : in one scene effetely empty-headed, and in the next whimsica1ly "local". The smaller parts were again good. Unhappily, the play went radically astray in the last scene, and the conclusio n was as odd as it was unexpected; all the sa me we came away feeling that a real effort of interpretation had been made. The scenery, employed very effectively in many different combinations, was well devised, and the costumes were good. The production was by Mr. R. W. Harri s. Marlowe Ho use went into rehea rsal very early for their production of Alldrocles and the LiOIl, and though, despite thi s, the lines were not entirely known, it was a confident and fairl y competent rendering. Androcles (G . E. Hare), who really un8erstood the naive humility of his part, and Lavinia (R. J. Snell) were the two best actors, though several others, particularly C. M. Whittington, J. D. Bell and M. S. Reid showed talen t. The chief disappointment was the centurion (1. H . Cobb), who had a large part, neither sufficiently exploited nor audi ble. The crowd was just a bit dull, though not intolerably so, and of course the lion was quite lova ble. fn face of the obv ious difficulties which face a day boys' House, Marlowe did excellently. Galpi n's produced two of Baring's playlets, happily (though we regret to say it) with School House as relief between them. The chief fault, the correction of which would have excused much, was inaudibility : and since we were reduced to interpreting them from their actions and expressions, our attention was diverted to weaknesses in these things too. For instance, A. M. J. Halsey as Odysseus in The Aulis Difficulty (though him we could hear) failed ent irely to produce the "oft-expected thunder" which Penelope awaited. Fortunately S. J . Freebairn-Smith , as Clytaemnestra, provided some light comedy. The second piece was The Rehearsal-a marked improvement fo r audibi lity, but here we had no sense of direction. The cast never let themselves go, a nd they never gave the effect of even remotely meaning what they sa id. Altogether rather disappOinting. The Grange, with an unbelievable evidence of lack of rehearsal, produced Who Goes There ?; the programme was glamouro us!y printed by our Press in gold on crea m ; the backcloth was, as always, the product of B. I. G. Hyatt's perfect art. There was a vast list of characters (t hough one was omitted), stage managers, electricians, etc., etc., but nowhere did we see the name of the Prompter, who alone performed the greater part of the play, while the besotted actors walked up and down the stage, evidently unable to

hear him.

131

THE

CA NTU A R TA N

Thou h we still have two more plays in store, we .a~e in a fair po~ition ,to summarize the ,whole season. Th t gd d has ranged from the sublime to the ndlculous, and smc~. 10 the case of Meister Om~rs. a e s an ar . . db Id ut on so excellent an entertamment, we can only presume that, cahst w enofa largcdly pro uc 't!1expe~slefinrcees lonm! . • lOt IOsYtShCeO~i11 fo success that is lacking, and nothing to do with the finer points of acting. Pos/remo, otldim;ni ! NONNULLl

MY AUSTRIAN VILLAGE O e arnve d f rom V lcnna ,On the nearest town to our Austrian . , village at 6 o'clock I t at night. The only to n W . . 'bi I t I with drunk soldiers and a refngeratlOn store, a somew 1a unnecessary cree 10 . ?bJccts VI~~ ~~r~Oa d~o l~es of night frost. After waiting for some time, a 'bus thumped its w.ay towards In a c l!n. Y t hi m~n dressed in all manner of peculiar garments, shambled out and d lsappear~d . us, a ISlepu a e n~ hment We climbed in and waited. At the end of a qu~rter of an hour, during pr~~lhtblY ~~es~b~slb~~me crowded weIl beyond capacity with peasants smellin g not of the sweetest, wI l lC l.me thick woolle~ clothes and mufflers, with here and tl~ere an ear-muff hel~ only by a steel bat:J.d; ah wde~nng . d d we set off We as foreigners came In for a lot of attention, everyone seemlOg t e nver reappeale an ., fi • t t t' taking in our stolid English to think it quite natural to gaze at us for as long as ve mmu es a a line, , faces and clothes beyond their ken. . . . The first thing I saw next morning was a lowering grey sky, qUIte ~ltfferen~ from th~ .dazzling blue o~e h' h I h db led to believe existed perpetually. From the pomt of view of ski-!ng, hc;>wever, thiS w IC ., a een f r ' n the two or three days on which the sun emerged m all Its glory we ~e~:e~~~s~et~g h~tv:gt~~~e,o Admittedly we were only learning and off the beaten track of sk i-lifts and we had to climb the short hills on our skiS. . ' M first tentative steps were watched by an incredulous ~hild skis, to w~om the Idea of anyone not b' Y bl t ki had never occurred before. Every local child, without e.xcephon, from five years onwards emg a .e c;> s . d of a titude floating past me on one ski or two as the mood took them, cc;)l~ld ski wlt~ . v~~rmg r~fu~mile ~n passing, while I, da~gerou~ly and with great di!ftculty, remained glvl!lg me a s Ig y sco. 'd berth rather ostentatiously m some cases. Happlly, on my second d~n,h:taJie"Ju~ffl~;w~a~~~~eI ih~~g~t was' a gent,le slope, and fc;>und to~ late th~t it descended steeply fo'/ at least a quarter of a mite. To my grea,t .astomshment T remamed upright. ThIS gave me confidence, and I thoroughly enjoyed the rest of my ski-mg. . ' . . 11 'th steeply rising pine-covered slopes on one side, and a magmficent as Our vi llage 'Y set In a va ey, WI the Wild Kaiser This dominated the whole valley, and even in the 0

.on

d~~lgr~nt~~~ri~~~ °Sh!~~ ~~huld di!~~~ctlY

be seen. T~~ vil1a~e c(;l11siste? of peasants' houses, beautifully . made of wood, and a magnificent church, together With the mevltable mns. a small one had some trade or other. There were farners, harnessE very h ouse 10 th C VIOIla ge, and it was < . •'d I t fi s r 'ce If necessary tbey k i t es a post office a police station an even a vo un. ary re e. VI • • ' ma Idr~ ~~nb~~n sc~~pleteIY self-dependent, but they preferred to go IOtO. the nelghbourmg town once la cou a d 'sions Where on earth the money came from I Just do not know. The pe,!p e week for meat tan provdl alwaOys greeted a stranger but there was a peculiar undercurrent of somethmg, < < , f I B ° ° h b ttb were very cour eous an , not hostile, but som'ething of a cold neutrality. They did not openly ~~sent or ear t 1e ntis , u ey did not love them. Everyone was civil, but they never went out of then way to h~lp. . The church was a typical mountain village church, with its baroque st~le of ~~chltecture and Its ~ulbous . b t th 'nterior far exceeded the exterior in splendour. The entire ceIlIng was covered With very Pue , .u. e lf 1" s scenes and there were sim ilar portraits and figures around the walls. It was 0

ob~i~~n:~~fsa ~r~~!~~~us amou~t of love and care had gone into the decor~~g ofd~~is o~c.ur~lchu~~hd

a~~~~~\~~% f;~~e~~idt;!n~fdt~~~si~~~~~~~: villa~~se~:n~~e 't~e~~y the~? +h~~um~~~nh:veghad ~ :remendous struggle to build it; truly the villagers had the glory of God before t~elr eyes.

. I am looking forward very much to returning to my Austrian vil~age some day, but If I do, I shall arr~ve . old slei h with at least a week's growth of beard, dressed m the oldest and foulest garments t at ~nc:~ find, s~oking a pipe, and speaking the most barbarous German accent [know. Thus I hope that the people will accept me without comment. as one of them. J. R. M, HARVEY 132

tHE

CANTUAR I AN

THE SOCIETIES At some schools the activities of the school societies are very much integrated into the general curriculum, so much so that they might even be termed "official bodies". Here, on the other hand, we practise an entirely different system: one might almost say that every possible obstacle was actively put in their way (though we know, in fact, that this is only done passively) so that a society which survives, and that strongly, shows remarkable tenacity and will-toÂˇlive. Unhappily we have to report that that same will-to-live seems to have abandoned the Somner Society, for so many years so flourishing and so instructive under its late Secretary. We have not observed any activities on their part, and they have definitely omitted to inform us of them. But as a contrast, we have the Natural History Society meeting every week (and mark you! this is not the best season for them) and the Harvey Society with a full programme of lectures, films and local excursions. Both these societies had full-day outings, the Natural Historians to the Zoo, and the Scientists to Ford Motor Works. The technical Societies are also flourishing: the Photographic Society has raised its membership by twenty to fifty, all now engaged on valuable work: a few members went to see the Centenary Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society. Similarly the Caxton SOCiety has printed no less than nine different lots of programmes for School events, together with very many smaller jobs; their finances are very good, and they have been able to reward themselves by the pur~hase of more types. Of the various literary societies, most of which take their membership from the Sixth Form, little has been heard. The Modern Languages Society had an ambitious programme, and though they did not follow it, they have had an interesting term, hearing of Mr. Corner's experiences in Germany, of Mr. Berridge's bizarre year in a French School and of Mlle. Goharen's views on Provence. The Marlowe Society has produced a handful of listeners to hear P. H. Moss on Albert Schweitzer, and the rather dubious bonhomie of the Pater Society seems to have resulted in little more than a compulsory visit to Cambridge. The Walpole SOCiety is less exclusively Sixth Form and less exclusively literary, and they have had all the usual fun associated with their name. Finally, but in many ways the most valuable, we find the Music Circle still flourishing. Mr. Purcell and his gifted son were among the players at one concert, but for the rest the entertainment was entirely in the hands of the boys themselves. PoHoM.

A DAY IN DAGENHAM On February 3rd 32 members of the Harvey Society, headed by the President, travelled to Dagenham to visit the Ford Motor Works. The Works covel' almost 70 acres of ground so that obviously a detailed exploration was impossible; on arrival we were split up into two groups each led by a uniformed guide. The whole impression at Dagenham is of vast power and continuous movement. All the workers' tools are power assisted as far as possible, even spanners. and screwdri vers, and of course machines do practically everything entailing hard labour. No one can afford to stop work because the assembly and production lines are in perpetual motion. The) power is produced by two turbine generators which supply all light, heat, and other forms of electrical energy from the Power House. This is capable of supplying the domestic needs of a town ten times the size of Canterbury and it contains pumps which draw water from the Thames at the rate of 82,000,000 ga llons each day. Inside, the Power House is spotlessly clean, and all the fittings and the tiled floors are polished. From here we passed beside the blast furnace-the only one in the South of England-through the iron foundry and into the roll ing mill. Here billets of steel, 10 feet long and heated to 2,4ooFo., are passed backwards and forwards through a series of outsize "mangles" until the to feet has become 35 feet. It was an amazing sight to see the "tongmen" grabbing a slithering steel strip and pushing it into a "mangle" with the apparent ease of someone rolling out the washing. From the foundry we passed through the machining, cutt ing and drilling departments to the tractor assembly line. This was fascinating for it was possiblo to watch a tractor, starting as a machined englne block, being built up, painted, dried, filled with petro l and oil, tested for faults, and driven away all within the space of Jess than an hour. The process is unique in the factory both because the t[<lctor is at floor level throughout the entire assemb ly and because the body is painted and dried on the spot by infra-red burners within ten minutes. 133

tHE

CANTUAR I AN

After the tractor assembly line we saw the va n and lorry line, the small car line, and finally the line on which the latest models, the Consu l and Zephyr Six arc produced at the rate of 185 every nine hours This last line is in two sections: first the ma i n conveyo r on which the rear axle, suspension unit

and

engine are placed in posi tion and carried to a height of 5 ft. where work may be carried out on the under_ side without the use of pits, whi le above, the body is fitted along with other components. On the second section the model is transferred to lower level for final equ ipment, adj ustment, and inspection. The car bodies a rc not actually made by Fords bu t they are built in Dagenham, just along the road in fact. After the tour tea was prov ided in the canteen and we left for Canterbury as the 24,000 workers' 5 o'clock hooter was sounding. 1n all a most interesting, often fascinating, tour had been made after which one could scarcely help wonderi ng why everyone in the world does not own at least one Ford ca r or even tractor. M,H.

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MUSSORGSKY AND THE SONG Unkempt, haggard and with a wild, pale pathetic look in his eyes- this is the picture of Mussol'gsky as painted by Repi n shortly before his death. It tells the ta lc of a man degraded by d ri nk, crushed by poverty and with hi s gen ius largely unfulfilled. He had , however, passed hi s youth in good circumstances in a family where his musical talent was encouraged. He entered a military school at the age of 13 in 1852, and it was in his regiment that he acqu ired the taste for drink that was to prove his fina l downfall. He left the regiment in 1858 and began to study composition under Balak riev, but unt il 1863 his music revea led little sign of personal ity; his genius was awakened, however, by men of li terat ure like Turgenev who had introduced the simple. serf int.o ficti~n , describing hin~ with wa rm understanding and feel ing: Hc soon became one the RUSSian musical cltq ue called the Mighty Handful , but all except the critic Stassov, who was one of them, tho ug l~ t hi ~n " du}1 and little short of an idiot". It was in this. sa me year, 1863, that he was compelled by fina ncial difficulties to become a government clerk. He remained at this un til two years before he died, though the salary was meagre. He had his fi rst bad bout of drinking in 1865 when his mother died, and he collapsed in an attac k of delirium tremens, but made a speedy recovery. After 1873, his intemperance grew worse and was aggravated by the failure of his opera, Boris GOdIiIlOV. He felt isolated and discouraged , and selling his belongings he disappeared on drunken orgies, which became ever more frequent. When in 1879 he was dismissed from his government post, the fina l blow was near, and he lived his last years in penury until he died in 1881. He never had a proper technical knowledge, his work being " lit only by the light of nature". He developed unaided as a composer, and was little influenced by his fellow musicians, though he learnt realism from Dargom izsky. His met hod is si mple, straightforward and unadorned, and by this his songs still live. He investigated the very elements of lllusic- rhythms, harmon ies and melodic patterns-and thus he went straight for the most suitable means of expression, however unusual they might be. He wrote to Stassov that " the quest for the art istic fo r its own sa ke is sheer puerility- it is art in its nonage," He deri ved the elements of his style fr0111 the folk music of Russia, picturing the joys and sorrows of the Russian peasants, and evoki ng very convincingly both the peasant fate and character. These studies still stand unparalleled in the hi story of music, fo r his vocal art is built up Ollt of contras ts. He translates the inflections of human speech into mu sic: the setti ng of words is in a recitat ive, declamatory style which throws into relief the key points of the poem in question. Nigh' provides <I beautiful example of hi s lyric gift, but in Tlte Nursery he exploits child psychology with the insight of genius. With Nurse is realistic Hnd records almost the exact sounds of a small child begging it s nurse for a story. The succeeding so ngs are less realistic but sti ll unconventio nal, and we see minute studies of a child's mind , such as the injured innocence of a naughty boy. It is this ability to project himself right into whatever subject he portrays that distinguishes hi s genius . He is the supreme example of the objective artist, whilst Tschaikowsky is so purely subject ive. The SOllgs and Dal/ces of Deatlt are the crea m of his music, in which he has fu sed perfectly the decla matory style with expressive melody "melting imperceptibly into recitative on the one hand and pure melody on the other, following the inert life of the words. " Th is is combined with a vivid and sensitive harmony. [n Deall/'s Serenade, the dialogue of Death and the mother has a hearH·ending poignancy. Fiehl·Marslwl Dealh, although theatrical, is, from the opening baltle to the end of Death's grim march, overpoweri ngly effect ive. Mussorgsky at his best is the greatest of all RlJssian composers; his importance as an innovator Illust not be over-estimated, fo r it is his amazing versatility and resourcefulness that makes him great. When he wrote to Stassov in 1876, he Sli mmed up his greatest artistic achievement: " I foresee a new kind of mclody, which will be the melody of life. Wit h great pains 1 havc ilchicved a type of melody evolved from that of speech. Somc day all of a sudden the ineffable song will arise, intelligible to me and all. If I sllcceed, 1 sha ll stand as a conqueror in arC " l.A.n.M.

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RUGBY FOOTBALL THE FIRST XV KING'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY I' O.K.S. Pl ayed at SI. Stephen's on December 13th School, 23 points; O.K.S., ni l It was unfortunate that foul' members of t he al ready rat her weak O.K.S. side dropped out at such short notice so that foul' Second xv players, two in the pack, one centre, and one wing, had to replace them. However, the game was interesting if only because we were able to see what the back div isio n re-formed to include Kelly at fly-half, Herbert. at full-back, and Reed in Kelly's position o n thc Wing' might have been during the term . ' The Schoo l were soon attacki ng strongly and Herber t's frequent joi ning in between the centres looked dangerous although no tries resulted, due partly to bad handling o r passing and partly to Ma llinson's good covering a nd Cassidy 's tackl ing in the cen trc. Howevcr, Turnor sco red a good try round the bli nd side of the scrum and then Agnew with a characteristic burst through the middle. The Schoo l seemed unlucky not to ~core when Agnew cross kicked well, but Hoare was deemed offÂˇside on ly a dozen yards in front of the lmc. However, before ha lf- time came Woolston scored wide alit, so that at half-t ime the score was 9- 0. In the second half the lack of playing together and tra ining became apparent in the O.K.S. team and it was only some more bad handling in the backs which prevented the School from scori ng. As it was Turnor scored again with hi s blind sidc movement and then Kel ly co nverted a good try by Reed. Before this last. Kelly had conve rted a penalty goal and not long before the end he kicked another good one from near the touch line.

COLTS XV A Colts XV much affected by injury and sickness has played four matches this term, of which two have been won and two drawn. rn spite of a ll the handicaps, the footba ll played has been of qu ite a good standard. The new players introduced into the team have been keen to do well , and have usually given a good account of themselves. Coombes and Nevile have perhaps shown most improvement in the backs, and Lamb made a brief but promising re-appeara nce. Laine and W. W. Smith have been the on ly backs to appear in all the matches, and at Sutto n Va lence they were the on ly regular backs in the side. Balfour has continued to lead the forwa rds excellently and he has bcen well supported by Sales and levons. The Murch twins have had frequent opportunities to demonstrate their worth , and they wi ll no doubt have furt her opportunities in the future. it has been, o n the whole, a profit able and enjoyable term. Colours havc been awarded to Sales, Bai ley and Blake. The detailed results are as follows:Drawn 3- 3 Wednesday, Feb. 4. v Sulton Va lence (H). Thursday, Feb. 19. v Sutton Valence (A). Won 9- 0 Saturday, Feb. 28. ,Dover C.S. 1st XV (H). Won 13- 9 Saturday, Mar. 7. v Maidsto ne (H). Drawn 3- 3

JUNIOR COLTS Three of the matches were disappointing; played aga in st sides which knew neither the rules nor the game, victory was too easy. The match against Rochester Mathematical School ought to have been won but the Ki ng's XV played lazily for the most part and was deserved ly beaten. v Aylesham County School. Won 26-0 I' Rochester Mathematical School. Lost 0- 6 v Aylesham County School. Won 28- 0 v Dover County School. Won 32- 0

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UNDER 14's There are a number of promising players in this game who should provide a st rong nucleus for next season's Junior Colts. The only score against the team in matches has been through penalty goals, which shows a real improvement over last term in tackling and falling. The forwards have yet to learn when to heel and the backs when to pass- the three matches would have been easier victories if all members of the team had realised that skill pays more than brute force. The team owed a lot to Thorburn's kicking Kearin's tackling and Brown's excellent play in the p!,ck. Team (from) ; D.unning; Frew,.Boeckmann: Kearin, Gingell; Thorburn, Morgan; Foord, Richardson, Brown, Niblock, Cartwright., Potter, Chenevix-Trench (Captain), Price, Horton, Dawkins, Jenner. Won 8-0 Feb, 4. v Sutton Va lence (H). Won 19-0 12. v Sutton Valenee (A). Mar. 7. v Maidstone Grammar School (H). Won 9- 6 u'J.M.S.

HOCKEY ;•

•

With only one Old Colom, the side took some time to settle down into an effective combination. The chief weaknesses were a lack of thrust in the forward line, and a tendency to relax precisely when extra pressure was called for. Kirsch was fairly sound in goal, but did not seem to be as safe as last year. Herbert and Houry made 1\ steady pair of backs, and the halves were a workmanl ike line, with Rowe at left-half outstanding. Among the forwards, Kelly, the chief goal-scorer, was ex.;eJlent, and Woolston lIsed his speed well on the wing. The improvement in the team's play towards the end of term was in a large measure due to the untiring efforts and enthusiasm of Kelly, who, both on and off the field, proved himself an excellent captain. Thanks are due to all who helped run the School games and to Mr. Chappell for his preparation of the pitches. KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY v CANTERBURY

Played at Home on 31st January, 1953 King's 1; Canterbury 3 In the first game of the season, the School was beaten 3-1 by the visitors under rather slippery conditions, a score which on the whole fairly reflects the run of play. The game opened with a sustained attack by the Club which eventually brought their first goal; although the School rallied, the score remained 1- 0 at half-time. This lead was increased by a clever flick from a narrow angle by one of their forwards; but the School replied through a shot by Patterson, and, with a quarter of an hour to go, there seemed some hope of saving the match. A third goal for Canterbury, however, clinched the issue. Throughout mid-field play was fairly even, but many opportunities were missed through indecisiveness in the circle. The half-back line stood fum; and the backs, although tending to stand too square, were individually sound. On the whole, our inexperienced side did not disgrace themselves. v DOVER CoLLEGE Played Away on 7th February, 1953 King's 1; Dover 3 This time we did disgrace ourselves, losing 3-1 to a side we might well have beaten. All the scoring was done in the first half, our goal coming through Woolston, playing for once at centre-forward. Throughout the School never made full use of its wings, unlike our wiser opponents. Clearing was wild, inter-passing weak, tackling often indecisive, and covering lazy. After ha lf-time, we improved, and had rather the better of the second half, but failed to score. KINO'S SCHOOl., CANTERBURY

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• THE CANTUARIAN KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V ST. EDMUND'S, CANTERBURY

Played Away on 19th February, 1953 King's I ; St. Edm und's 3 We were beaten 3- 1 again, this time by a young, fast and lively side, who well deserved to win. For lhrec·quarters of the game, they could only take one goal from us; then we equalized through Kelly, and, instead of redoubling OUf efforts, we Japsed, with fatal results. Kelly alone of the inside trio was both constructive and hard-working; and Nash was as usual a tower of strength at centre-half. They used their left wing weil, and our defence was shaky on that side of the field. KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V CUFTONVILLE H,C.

Played at Home on 21st February, 1953 King's 1; Cliftonvllle 4 For three-quarters of the game we held an experienced and well-ba lanced side to one goal. Then we equalized through Kelly. Then we collapsed, and they scored three goals in quick succession, catching our defence completely napping. Their last goal was scored while we stood and watched. Throughout the visitors' half-back line seemed to draw our cleara nces to it like a magnet, and when we did find the gaps, our usual lack of thrust in the centre was displayed, although both wings played well. v TONDRlOG£ SCHOOL Played at Home on 24th February, 1953 King's 2; Tonbridge 1 For the first twenty minutes we seemed all over them, and might have scored several times, but for hesitant finishing, and a certain lack of determination which allowed us to play the game at the pace our opponents wished. Clift failed with a penalty bully. At half-time we found ourselves deservedly one down, Tonbridge having scored through their thrustful inside trio. In the second half we did something to shake off our lethargy, and Kelly scored twice to give us our first win of the season. . KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY II ST. LAWRENCE, RAMSGATE

Played at Home on 28th February, 1953 King's 3; St, Lawrence 5 Perhaps overawed by the reputation of our opponents, we started slowly and nervously. Their stickwork immediately proved to be infinitely better than ours, and at first we were not over-eager to make up for this deficiency by hard work and determination. At half-time we found ourselves three goals down, and immediately after the re-commencement of play their lead became four. We soon replied, however, through Kelly and Roberts, and for a time we rattled them with crisp hitting, swinging the ball about, and some bold interceptions in defence, especially by Herbert. Ramsgate about ten minutes from the end, however, scored another goal which clinched the game, although Cederwell-Brown scored for us from a corner, and the final whistle saw us st ill pressing. v WIMBLEDON H.C. Played at Home on 3rd March, 1953 King's, nilj Wimbledon, nil The School were perhaps lucky to draw, since their referee once blew for an offence by one of our backs a second or two before the ball was in our net. We also owed our escape to one or two good saves by Kirsch, who showed considerable improvement on his past form. Nevertheless, the School played moderately well; the defence held out well through some periods of sustained attack by our opponents, and the attack was determined, if a Jittle clumsy. KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

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THE BOAT CLUB The main activity of the Boat Club this term has been the training for the Public Schools' Head of the River Race at Putney. Tho term has marked a new stage in our development, in that there have been two eights in training for the first time. T he outboa rd tub was overhauled in the Christmas holidays and ha,s ~een lIsed for nearly <.til the coaching. Ea~h eight has been ~oached for half of its o~ltin g, and although this IS by no means an Ideal arrangement, It has worked qUite wel l. A fine new Sims shell eight, the generous gift of Mr. C. Taylor, has recently arrived and will be used by the 1st VII( next term. At Fordwich we have taken delivery of two of the new clinker fours and work will be going ahead soon with a new shed to accommodate them properly. Although the cont inu ity of Fordwich training has naturally suffered from interruptions by illness and bad weather, there bas been much keen work done in preparation for nex t lenn. We nrc very grateful to Messrs, Fagg and Holmes for their useful and cheerful coaching and we would like to take this opportunity of wishing them every success. The 1st VIII began training at Putney at the end of the Christmas holidays fro m Thames R ,C., where they rowed nea rly seventy miles and made good progress. This progress was ma intained on returning to Grove Ferry and by the third week of term the bladework was much improved <md the boat was funnin g well. Here, however, our luck cha nged : stroke went down with mumps, and foUl' other members of the crew contracted influenza at different times. Thus the final order was settled only tcn days before the race. But this was not all. Yet a nother of the Stour deities was in malevolent vein and, for the week before the race, no boating was possible as there was too little water in the river ! We are used to over~ coming difficulties in the King's School Boat Club, but even we have to give up when this happens. The 2nd VUl could hardl y ha ve had a more inauspicious beginning. Their first outing was on the Saturday of the great floods, when there was a very high wind at G rove Ferry and both crews soon had to aba ndon their outings. For a week or two , their progress was slow as various orders were tried and they, of necessity, suffered from the changes in the 1st Boat. However, they worked well and the last fortn ight of their training showed the results of their efforts. The boat began to rlln well and the crew were altogether smoother and more controlled in their movements. The crews moved to Putney the day before the race, a nd were fortunate in being able to boat again Thames R.C., where they .were very wel1.100ke~ after.. They.responded well. to the changed con ~ dLhons and both crews showed Improved form III theIr practlce outlllgs. The race Itself, for which there were 58 entries, was on Saturday, March 14th, at 4 p.m., from St. Paul's School Boathouse at Hammer~ smith to Westminster School Boathouse at Putney. Water conditions were good, although there was a stiffish cross-to-head wind most of the way. The 1st VIII got away to a good start and, apart from a bad patch in the middle, rowed over well to be placed 7th in the final order. The 2nd VIU had a very good row, producing their best form to date, and were placed 20th. This rise of 35 places meant that they finished ahead of several first boats and they are to be commended on a very creditable first performance. First place in the nIce went to Winchester, whose time of 7 min. 51 secs. was excellent for the conditions. f~o.m

Leading times: 1st, Winchester A, 7.5 1; 2nd lequa l), Elon and Radley, 7.56; 4th lequal) , St. Paul's and Winchester D, 7.58; 6th, SL Edward's A, 8.00 ; 7th, King's A, 8.1; 8th, Westminster A, 8.2; 9th, Bryanstoll A, 8.3; 10th, Eton D, 8.6. The crews : 1st VUl :

G. M. Lynch, bo w; J. E. Pawscy, 2 ; D. C, Ryelund, 3 ; D . G. Griffith, 4; A. M, Halsey, 5; K. D. Agnew, 6; P. G. Roberts, 7; N. Paine, stroke; J. W. Norton, cox.

2nd VH1 : M. D. H , Peacock, bOIll; J . <;1. Evans, 2; R. N. B. Thomas, 3; P. Rhodes, 4; D. A. R . Poole, 5; R. L. S. FlShlock, 6; N . M. S. Brown, 7; P. J. Allen, stroke; A. ! . D. SmIth, cox. In view of the tt:rnfs diHicul ties. the crews have made very fair progress. There is, howt.:ver ll1uc,;h work to be done before the 1st VIII reaches the Henley standard <It which it is aiming this ycar.' Bladewol'k is quite good, but there is room for a big improvemenl in sliding and in sleCldiness over the stretcher, 1 3~

T THE C ANTUARTAN and there are still too many elementary lapses in time. Nevertheless, the term's work will be a useful founda ti on for the summer racing. We are very grateful to Thames R.C, for their kindness, and should also li ke to thank Mr. Lynch for the excellent transport arrangement s on the Putney tri p. Lastly, we express our deep appreciation of the kindness of those parents who have provided us with new Fours or with substantial donat ions towards them ; and we are well aware that without the generous assistance of Mr. Wyll ie of the Stollr Catchment Board we cou ld never row Eight s at all. D.S.G.

CROSS COUNTRY CLUB So far, at the time of writing, the season has been a rather uneventful one, and somewhat harassed by disturbances ran ging from examinations and seve n~a~si des, to influenza and mumps. However, we have at last a complete team to enter in the Blackheat h inter~scho ol s race. The first event run off was the senior inter~house race. The conditions for this were anything but well~ disposed. The event was won, as expected, by Marlowe House, with a magnificent lead of 28 points over the next house, Luxmoore (48 points). The individual wi nner was 1. D. Bell. The junior race was blessed with magnificen t conditions; the winner, D. E. Balfour, made full profit of these to set lip a new junior course record, The VIII ran a good raCe over 6* miles at Tonbridge and won with a l~ad of 10 points, M. M. Gardner, who has been running consistently well , finished first over a dry but sticky course. The home match versus Dover was less for tunate; we were reduced to four "regulars" and four " outsiders" had to be opted into the team. Dover won with a 4 point lead, a score we hope to settle at Blackheath, as we did last year. Due to a correspondential misunderstanding, the match with South London Club has had to becancelled , they being prevented fro m coming later by the National Championships. Fixtures this term have been necessarily kept low in num ber by the increasingly high standard of track athletic events demanding a greater time spent in training on the field. H. A. SMITH, Captain

BOXING CLUB The final of the Inter~House Competition, held at the end of last term,. produced an entertaining afternoon's boxing. The Competition, wh ich was won by School House wit h Luxmoore second , was itself very successful. Unfortunately illness has reduced the amount of training that could be done th is term, and the genera l impression was that our boxers were not usually v~ry fit, consequently the results of our ~atches were disappointing. Tonbridge School were unable to ra ise a team to oppose us, on account of mfluenza and this fixture had to be cancelled. Eastbourne College Lost 1- 5 City of London School Lost 1- 7 Royal Marines School of Music, Deal Lost l ~

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SHOOTING VIII Cap/a;'l: M. J. MOORE

Vice-Captain: 1. D.

MAITLAND

For the first half of the term bad weat her prevente,d most pr~ctices, and in the sec~)fld half ther was an influenza epidemic. As a result. there has been !tttle shootmg, a nd matches aga inst Kell y Co ege, Sutton Valence, Harrow, Sherborne, Radley. Eastbourne and Oakham had to be cancelled ,

The results of the two matches which came too lale for inclusion in last term's COIl/uariall are as follow.

â&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘

King's VIII v Charterhous. St. Paul's

Date 6. 12.52 6.12.52

OfI,. Score Their Score 624 660 624 673

Result Lost Lost

Conditions Bad Bad

The following have shot for the VIII this year: M. 1. Moorc, I. D. Maitland, D H. Malcolm, D. H. LIvesey, C. R. G rainger, H, R. J Hoare, B. A. E. Duellnckx, N . Simunek, C. G Houry. D. H. Livesey and C. R. Grainger were awarded their Shooting Colours. We a re grateful to R.S.M. Marshall for taking the few practices that were possible this term, and for his valuable assistance and coac~ing t.hrough0l!t the year. We should also like to thank all those masters who very kindly took shooting In thell' spare hme.

SQUASH The Squash Club regained the status of a match-playing sport this. term, and several matches will be la ed later this term. So far there has only been one match: agalOst Fol.kestone S.R.C., w~o were belten 5--{). Baumann's play against an experienced opponent was outsta~dmg. The team was. P. N. Baumann, D. C. Moor, R. A. Lawrence, J . R. M. Harvey and S. N . Burbfldge.

THE FENCING CLUB This has been a most successful term, with the tean~ winn ing every match . Eastbourne College were beaten at home by 20 fight s to 5; the Foil we won easlly 14-2, and tho Sab~o result was 6- 3. For the visit to Tonbridge thc demands of the Hockey XI reduced our team to 3 Fot! and 3 Sabre, but we wo." comfortably 12-6. We took the Foil 7-2, and the Sabr~ 5--4; the unorthodox Harvey 'Yon alI hIs fights, and Spathis, who has been fencing consistently well, If rather fo rcefully, was awarded hIS Colours. Our best victory was in London agai nst Ihe City of Londor'! School. The th ree foilists .w~re outclassed by two of the opponent s, but all beat the third; th us after bcmg 6- 3 down after t he Fo~l , It was a great achievement to win the Sabre 7-2, and so take the match by 10 fights to ~'. Raffle and LIvesey both won all their bouts, and Li vesey was awarded hi s Colours. Tt was a most excltmg match . We thank again Colour-Sergeant Hirst, who has done so much, if npt c veryt~il'!~ ' fo ~ 0!lr fenci n ~: and who has also given us three of hi s own Epees this term; ,:",e hope to mcl.ude thIS mamac s weapon . matches next year The House Cup at present held by Meister Omers, Will be contested a~ ~he end of ~he term, and in thi~ event everyoI?~ 'in the .Club, which includes two or three very promlsmg young fencers, gains experience in CompetItIon fenCIng.

\4(1

IrÂˇ

'THE

CAN T UAR I AN

O.K.S. NEWS rOle NUll. Secretary, Major D. J. B. Jervis, Da wlI Cli/f. Goodwill Road, St. Mm-garet's Bay. Dover, woult! welcome ill/ormation /01' inelusion ill the O.K.S. News. Challges 0/ address sho/lld be notified 10 him alld IIot to the Editor.) C. H. MURRAY (1 899- 1902) has been for nearly 20 years Ho n. Secretary of the South-Eastern Society of Architccts (covering Kent, Surrey and Sussex), and during the summer he will be acting as host for the British Architects Conference in Canterbury and Folkestone which is run by the R.I.B.A. W. G. WATKINS (1947- 52) has just completed 6 weeks' basic Infantry training at Aldershot, and is moving to the R.A. wing for a 10 weeks' courso before being commissioned. He has met JOHN PHILLIPS (1947- 52), who has just begun his basic training at Aldershot, <Ind also C. W. COGGINS (1946- 52) who has been moved to the same Battery.

1. M. OSBORNE (1943- 48), in "C" Company, Kenya R egiment, Kenya, has met J. D. OMMANEY (1938-43), N. C. F ISHER (1946- 50) and also D. H. EDWARDS (1945-49). He has just had six months' tra ining in Rhodesia where he met W. FAIRFAX FRANCKLIN (1943-47) and M. J. S. NORMAN (1944--47). R. W. ALLISON (1936-40) is stationed in Tokyo, Japan, with the R .A. aher serving a year in Korea; he hopes to return to England in the Spring.

R. W. H. WILDE (1945--49) is an Assistant Jnspector of Police in Northern Rhodesia. He hopes to contact P. W. C. WILCOX (1945--48), who is in the 8.S.A. Police and stationed somewhere in S. Rhodesia.

G . R. BARNES (1949- 52) is a Cadet in the B.I. Steam Co., and is on his first voyage to S. Africa. A. J . M. NEVILE (1 947- 51) has been commissioned in the East Yorkshi re R egiment and left for Malaya in January. S. W. HINDS (1929-33) has relinquished his appointment of Lecturer in Social a nd Preventive Medicine and is now Lecturcr in Child Health and Social Medicine at Bristol University. CoMDR. G. E. W. BAYLY (1912- 17) has retired to Hobart, Tasmania. R. D. WEIDENDACKER (1938--41), now living in Philadelphia, U .S.A., writes that " the Americans are very surprised to find such a high standard of printing and writing in our school magazine." H . SPENCE (1904-11), Rector and Rura l Dean of Berkhamstead, has been appointed Clerical Commissioner and Assistant Chaplain of Addington Palace, the new headquarters of the R.S.C.M. M. P. JACKSON (1939--43) is Secretary to a Leeds Landscape Gardeni ng Co., specialising in Sports G rounds construction and maintenance. P. B. PERKI NS (1939--43) is with the Western Telegraph Co., Ltd. , at Montevideo, Uruguay, and whilst visiting Buenos Aires met J. D. HORE K ENNARD (1931 -33), who is there with the B.O.A.C. S. D. VALENTINE is also joining the staff of the Western Telegraph Co. B. K. NEWTON (1944- 50) has completed his National Service which took him to Germany, from where he made visits to Holland, Belgium and Fra nce. He has been posted to a T .A. Battalion at Kingston-on-Hull, the 4th Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment, as Anti-Tank Platoon Commander. Newton is now in his first year at Keble College, Oxford , reading modern history, and has seen A. (1945- 50), D. S. J ENKINS (1943- 52) and R. D. M. DARLING (1946- 50)-other History fresh men. He also met a number of other O.K.S. at J. E. M. LUCIE-SMITH'S (1946-50) party at Merton in Michaelmas Term . YOUNG

O. G . WHITEHEAD (1936--41) took a degree in P.P. E. (Philosophy, Politics, Economics) at Oxford ill 1949; spent two years at Lincoln Theological College, and then worked as a labourer in a Sheffield steelworks. He was ordained Deacon in June, 1952, a nd is now worki ng at St. Swithun's Church, Sheffield. He expects to be ordained Priest on Whit Sunday, 1953. D. N. BURRELL (1909- 12) went to Brazil in 1950 as Secreta ry of the Brazilian Chamber of Commerce and Economic Affairs in Great Britain, bu t through overwork contmcted " long illness from which he is now convalescing.

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We offer congratu lations to R. O. A. NORRIS (1946-5Q and P. J . WALKER (1945-51) on being selected to play Hockey for Oxford for the second ye,ar m. S UCC~SI0!l and also to J. M . SKINNER (1946-52) who, we understand was invited to play for the Umverslty earher III the season ; to J. H. T. MORGAN (1946-5 1) on representing Cambri dge at Box ing and on ,winning his "blue" - and his,fight - in the University match ; and to the fo llowing whose names appeared In the New Year H onours Llst;L. H. GOBLE (1915- 19) created C. M.G. . BRIGADIER G. H . FANsHAwE(19 12- 15) and BRIGADIER W. L. GIBSON (19 11 - 17), crea ted C. B.E. (MIl.). CoMMANDER B. W. GALPIN, R.N. (ret.) (1906- 15) awarded O.B.E. W. G. C. FERRIS ( 1940-44) awarded M .B. E., and . P. A. GOU LDSBURV ( 1933- 37) awarded the Colomal Police Medal.

From the Headmaster's Postbag:A. V. SHUFfLEBOTHAM (1946- 51) writes from the Isle of Wight , where he is serving with an H .A.A. Regiment R .A . and for a fortni ght rose to the rank of Battery Commander. H e helped at a Cadet ca mp at Aberde~n for a month last summ~r, and si nc~ goi,ng to the 1s1e o f Wi ght, has b~cn doir:tg,as m,uch sai ling as possible. He hopes to go to Nott mgham Umverslty to read for a degree 111 Socia l Admlnlstratton. M. R. DITCHBURN ( 1941 - 45) now has a London Extern~l . Deg r~c in Civ il Engi nee ring, and h ~s been gai ning some experience in a District Engi neer's Office of Bnt lsh R ailways. H e tells liS he IS marned and the father of a small son, and he hopes to get in to the Colo nia l Serv ice. M. C . A. S I'ENCER (1933 - 38) is a House Tutor at Li verpool College and in .addi.tion to teaching Latin has charge of a Company in the C.C.F., a R ugger Group and the School Swunmtng. B. V. H . BRACKENBURY (1934- 39) looks for ward to bei ng on leave next summer and to attending Speech Day for the fi rst time si nce 1939, and hopes t.o see the Scha:o l crews at Marlow and Henley. He is spending a few days wit h A. G. EYRE (1935- 39) tn Lagos on hiS way home. C . S. W OOD (1948- 51), when he wro te .i n .Janua.ry, was at E~to!, ~I.a ll , w~~re he met <;. M. BRENNANthen Junior Under Officer, but now com miSSioned III the R . fnm skillmg F uslilers and stattoned at Dovere. J. BELL (1946- 52) and J. G. COLLINS (1947- 51). H. J. FRAMPTON (1947- 52) wrote in January from Catterick where his activi ties include beagling and hockey, as well as courses o n managi ng trucks, tanks and wireless. J. G. HEWSON (1 946- 50) when last heard of was on his way to Hong Kong in a motor minesweeper. A whale fo llowed his ship and then swam right under it. P. J. BEARCROFT (1944-46) is no correspondent, but hi s mother writes that he is now a Junior partner in his uncle's busi ness in Calcutta. B. HAZELL (1947- 50) is in the Royal Engineers and was hoping to get a commission. T . J. DOCKSEY (1946- 52) is in the R.A.F. stationed near Weston-super-Mare and training as a ground wireless fitter' he started his service career with J. L. A. GIMBLE"IT (1947- 52) and had also seen B. C. BELSHAM (1947-52) and W. J. NEWNS (J948- 51) who were four weeks behind them . At his present camp he met G. MANWARING (1948-5 1) who is an R .A.F. Apprentice. Among the O.K.S. attending the Coronation in various capacities will be SIR FREDERICK BOVENSCHEN (1897- 1903) who as the Mayor of Hythe is a lady, will represent that Borough as its Baron of the Cinque Ports; and M. W.' Me D. CAI RNS (1942-46) who will be with the troops in the procession. I. E . A. CLARK (1946- 52), who is ~raining in F lorida as a ~i~~ hipm a n of the Fleet A ir Arm, h a~ been descri bed as "one of the bes t goodwtl l ambassadors to A merica . He and anot her young naval amnan were entertained by an American couple, who wrote to a Lo ndon newspaper that they would like to see many more English boys do thei r training in the United States " fo r they are doing much to cement the friend ship of our two great co untries". G. H. WATKINS (1947- 51) is shortly to be promoted to the rank o f Ju nio r Under-Officer at Sandhurs!. J. L. A. GIMBLE1T passed his Fighter Co ntrol Course in February and is now at O.C.T.U. at Spittlegate. He reports that Newns has passed out as a Fighter Plotter and that P. S. HASKINS (1945- 51) is training as a Plotter; and R . D . ATKINSON (1948- 51) is a clerk at Upavon . R. O. SEYMOUR (1949- 52) is working ,It Morris Co mmercia l Cl rs, Ltd ., as an aP lll'cnticc and find" his work very interes ting;. 142

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C . M ..B~ENNAN (1947- 51) has been working on flood relief on the East Coast, cleaning up debris ~1I\d rebUlldmg the sea wa ll Ilear Yarmollth. H e com mented o n the fact th at the Army got up at 5 a.m. m o rder to st~rt work a t the coa~ l . by 6 a. m. , and .usually fini shed with last light, about 5.30 p.m. and

co ntrasted their rute of pay, 40 shlll mgs pe r week, With that o f the Coun ty Council labourers who worked 3i ho urs less per day and got £7 a week. From the S t. Edmund Ha ll Magazine we have obtained the fo llowing information :_ J. R . ALLCHUR<?H (1943-48), who was Captai n of the Hall. Hockey X I last year, has been elected to the Oxford OccaslO nals; he was also Secretary of the Hall Cncket Clu b an d Captai n of the Chess Club. A. B. CU RRY (1945- 50) is Presi dent of the Hall Musical Society. M. B. FOSTER (1944- 47) took the part of Rutland in a prod ucti on of Richard 0/ Bordeaux and rowed in the Hall 2nd VIlT. ' P. R . SNOXALL (1 946- 50) is President o f the Hearne Society. R. J . L. BR EESE (1942- 45) was President of the J .C. R. in 1952, and is no w with Shell Mex and British Petroleum, Ltd. J. R . DOWNES (1943-48) is with Messrs. A. H. Bull (Co le Brot hers, Ltd .), Reading. M . G. JORDAN (1 942-46) is o n the Staff of Nev ill Holt Prepa ratory School, Market Harborough. O.K .S . Week-end and Speech Day The O.K.S. Crickc.t Match will be played on Saturday, J~ly. 25th, aJ?d Speech Day is on Monday, Ju ly 27th. D etmls Will. be sent to all membe:rs o f the ASSOCiation. Owmg to pressure of space in the Chapter H ouse. a ~ e filllt e num ber of seats Will be allotted to O .K.S., for which there will be a ballot. O.K.S. and their wives are, of course, most welcome at the Garden Party, but all application s for tickets sho uld be made to the Head master's Secretary o n receipt of the lIslial notice. O.K.S. Committee, 1953 At. the Annual Genera l ~ eeting, which w~s ~eld on the 7th January, 1953, Sir Harry Townend was unan Lmolisly re-elected PreSident of the ASSOCiation for the ensuing yea r. The Archdeacon of Canterbury G. Arnold and D . L. Edwards were elected to the Committee. C. H. Clemetson was elected the Hon' Auditor, and D. J . B. Jervis was re-elected Ho n. Secretary and Treasurer. . O.K .S. Dinner , 1953 .The .O.K.S. Dinner was held at the Pa~k Lane Hotel, Pic:ca~ ill y,. London, o n the 7t h January, 1953, wL th Sir Harry Townend (1905- 10), PreSident of the ASSOcuLtl on, III the Chai r. The guests were: The Headma ster, the Archdeaco n of <;:anter bury, Sir Frederick Bovenschen, Col. C. H . Budd, the Righi Rev. A. M. Gelsthorpe, the Ca ptam of the Schoo l (K . D. Agnew) and D . J . B. Jervis. The Toast List was as follows : " The Queen", proposed by the Chairman. "Floreat Schola Regia " propo~e~ br, A. A. Kneller.(1941 -46), response by the Headmaster, who then proposed the "O.K.S: ASSOCiatIOn ,response by Sir Harry Townend. The foll owing is a list of O.K.S. and Masters who were present at the dinner' Adams A C S (1923- 28), Agnew, K. D. (1946-53), Arnold, G. (191 7- 22), Arnold , ri . G. (1917-':"'25) Ar~old· p . H · (1940-50), Baker, M. G. (1938-43), Barber, C. W. (1907-14), Barber, D. R . (1945-50') Barbe; P S· (1906- 13), Beardsworlh, R. E. L. (1906- 11), Billinghurst, J. S. (1915- 24), Blumer, G. F. (1924~i9): Bovenschen, F. C. (1897- 03), BraIdwood, F. L. (1 914-19), Breese, J. H. (193 7-42) Breffit R (1914- 19) Buckwell, C. C. L. (19 18- 24), Budd, e. H. (1897- 03), Burgess, M. A. S. (19'36-45), Carter, J. (1938-40), Clarke, G. L. (1935-41), Corkery, M . .( 1940- 44), Cornelius, E. H. (1 938-43), Cowie, D. H . (1904- 11 ), Dem ck, H. J. M. (1930- 35), DIckson, K . B. (1903-06), Edmonds, J. H. ( 1947 onwards), Edwards, D. L. (1942-47), Fmn, R. A. (19 14- 18), Fitch. lt, D. W. (1938-42), F lower, J. A. (1910-13), Flower, J. A. ( 1939-45), Foot, J. ( 1926- 31), Gelst horpe A. M. ( 1908- 11 ) Gibson W L (1 911- 17), Girling, M. J. (1927- 33), Goodes, D. S. (195 1 onwards), Gordon, A. G. ( 1937-43), Gordon: M. J. (1942-46), Graves, B. W .. (1922-24), Grey, A. J. (1936-4 1), Hamp, F. R . (1923- 28), Hancock, R. C. G. (1902-09), J. B. Hams (1919- onwards), Hart ley-Sharpe, L. C. M. (1920-24), Heming, J. P. (1911- 20), Heslop, J. A. B. (1938- 42), Heslop, W. T. B. ( 1906- 10), HinChliffe, J. E. C. (1940- 44), Housden, E. F. ( 1906- 11), Jackso n, R. J. ( 1945- 49), Jervis, D. J. B. ( 19 16- 23), Joseph, H. L. ( 1919- 23),

143

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King, B. G. (1909- 13), Kneller, A. A. (1941--46), Laine, J. N. B. (192 1- 26), Latter, C. E. (1916-25), L.tter, R. H. (1912-21), Lawrence, D. R. (1951 onwards), Lea ry, B. L. (1941--47), Lee, B. E. (1946-51), Lindsey, E. (1914- 18), Lush, A. J. (1906- 11), Mallone, P. R. (1936--41), Manmng-Press, C. B. (1944--49), Manning-Press, M. D. (1946- 52), Martin, R. 1. (1936--40), Maycock, W. d'A. (1925- 29), Mitchell, L. S. F . (191 4-19), Mizen, D. H. (1946-50), Money, B. E. (1901 -07), Mowll, w. R. (1919-27), Needham, A. 1. E. ( 1923-31), Nightingale, C. L. (1906- 10), Osbornc, R. H . (191 8- 22), Paine, P. S. ( 1935-37), Paynter, J. R. E. (193 5 onwards), Petti fer, J. D. (1933- 39), Prior, G. K. (1912- 14), Pugh, 1. D . (1938--46), Purcell, P. (1945 onwards), Reacher, J. S. (1923- 25), Robinson, G. S. (1920-25), Ryan, C. N . (1905- 11), Sargent, A. (1905-14), Shelswell , A. H. ( 1910-;-13), Sidebotham, F. L. (1906-12), Sidebotham, J. B. (1905- 11), Sopwlth, S. S. (1901 - 05), Sutcliffe, R. L. G. (1931--40), Thompson, G. R. (1933- 38), Townend , H. D. (1905- 10), Trousdell , A. J. (1903-06), Twells-Grosse, J. (1898- 1904), Twells-Grosse, J. D . (1939--44), Valpy, K. F. (1921 - 25), Valpy, L. G. (1922- 26), Wayte, A. R. (1947- 51), Wayte, J. W. (1906- 10), West, C. A. (1 905- 10), Whallcy, F. L. (1939--43), Whalley, J. P. (1934- 39), Worsfold, C. (1916- 22), Wortham, H. P. (1933- 39), Wnghl, D. M. (1941--44), Young, C. A. (1926- 32), Young, 1. S. (1924-29), Young, W. C. (1929- 38).

BIRTHS

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YOUNO.- On 28th August, 1952, to Elizabeth, wife of W. C. Young (1929- 38), a daughter. LovATT.- On 18th September, 1952, to Celia, wife of J. B. Lovatt (1935-40), a son, at Tonawanda, U.S.A . WATTS.- On 27th November, 1952, 10 Grizel, wife of E. A. L. Watts ( 1929- 33), a daughter. GOULDER.- On 9th December, 1952, to Rosamund, wife of G. C. Goulder (1932- 35), a daughter. EVANs.-On 19th January, 1953, to Valery. wife of Dr. M. Culver Eva ns (1938--4 1), a son. CRI!ED.- On 12th March, 1953. to Anne, wife of M. B. Creed (l933- 37), a second son.

ENGAGEMENTS CAPEL-SMITH- DAvls.- Captain Richard Capel-Smith (1935- 39) of 65 Anglesea Road, Ipswich, to Jeannette Olga Davis. CRANMER- RICE.- John Cranmer (1946-47) of Herne Bay to Betty Rice. DAVlDSON-BuRNS.- A. G. P. Davidson (1944-49) to Miss M. O . Burns of Cambourne, Cornwall. HARRISS- ADAMs.- Desmond S. M. Harriss (1938-41), of Gerrards Cross to Joan Margery Adams. HENsHAw- HEATH.- Kenneth R. Henshaw (1932- 37), of Moorcroft, Clifton Drive South, St. Anneson-Sea, to Patricia Helen Heath. TAYLOR- FoRTESCUE-BRICKDALB.- Gerald Logan Taylor (1937-41) to Barbara Beatrise FortescueBrickdale.

WEDDING HAMlLToN-EMERsoN.- On 24th January, 1953, at Chematin, P.O. Kapsabet, Kenya , David M. Hamilton (1938-42) to Monicar Claire Emerson, sister ofH. A. Emerson. O.K.S,

OBITUARIES THE REV. EDWARD LEFROY HAWES (1908- 13) We regret to record the death, on 9th December, 1952, of the R~v:~. L. Ha~es .â&#x20AC;¢ He was a Monit~r of Holme House and a member of the Sixth Form, and a Morton Exhlbltioner of Klllg s College, Cambndge, He was Gazetted a 2nd Lieutenant in the East Surrey Regi ment in August 1914 and saw service in the N.W. Frontier Province and in Mesopotamia, reaching the rank of Acting Captain. He took his Degree at Cambridge in 1920 and then went to Cuddesdon , and was ordained in 1921. In 1928 he became Acting Chapl ain to the Archbishop a nd later went to the Diocese of Gloucester, where, for some years, he was Perpetual Curate of St. Stephen's. Gloucester. He became Vicar of Stapleford. in the Diocese of Ely, in 1941.

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ALFRED SPENCER JOtlNSON (K.S. 1 889 - 1 ~~8) It was with deep regret that we read of the death of Alfred Johnson on December 24th ~ 1'952. He was buried at Chislehurst, and a considerable number of contemporary O.K.S. and friends attended hi s funeral. He c;.tme to the School in 1889, reaching the Sixt h in 1896, 'becoming a Senior Scholar in 1897 and in the XV. He went to Peterhouse with a Classica l Scholarship, and studied also at thc Sorbonne and in Berlin . Alfred Johnson's chief work in life was as Headmaster of St. H.ugh's School at Bickley; which he and his brother J. F. Johnson made into one of the best Preparatory Schools in England. Withal he never lost his affection for King's, and to the last remained a devoted and loyal O.K.S. Another Headmaster wrote to us, " Alfred Johnson, whom I have known since we entered Peterhouse the same day more than 50 years ago, was a great schoolmaster." Indeed, he was, as the present writer knows; and King's has lost a friend whom it could ill afford to lose. His life in recent years was one of su fferin g; may he now rest in peace. THE REV. J. LEYCESTER KING The Rev. J. Lcycester King, S.J., Professor of Ratiomd Psychology, since 1950, at M!lllJ'esa College, Roehampton , died on Sunday in hospital in London. A lecture tour in Ameri c.t was cut short in September by an accident a t Chicago, and after returning by air to London he was taken to hospital where he died. He was born in J 896 in London and was ed ucated at King's School, Can terbury, and the City of London School. He served in the Army throughout the 1914- 18 War, and whil e stationed in Ca iro in J920 he was received into the Roman Cathol ic Church. In the following year he joined the Society of Jesus. After his ordination in 1930, he st udied psychology at the University of Prague and subsequently was a professor at Heythrop College. He lect ured on psychology !I t Oxford after the form!ltion of the psychologica l sub-faculty. At Manresa he formed a well equipped psychological laboratory, whi le acting as spiritual adviser to the Newman Associat ion and lec turing for numerous psyc hological and philosophical societ ies. Many of his lectures were republi shed in pamphlet form . He was a frequent contributor also to reviews and magazines besides being co nsu lted often on individual psychological problems. Father King was invited in June to lecture at Fordham University, United States, and to attend the annual convention of tbe American Psychologica l Association of which he was a foreign associate. His engagements would have lasted unt il the end of the year but they were cut short by the accident which led to the illness from which he died . (The 7Yme~i, 31st December, 1952) I. R. MADGE (K.S. 1903- 1907) We deeply regret to record the death of L R, Madge, who after u day's work in the City, died suddenly whi le having supper at his home on February 13th at the age bf 64, . At school he reached the Sixth Form, won his Sports Colours and was in the XV in 1906 as a very hard-working forward . Shortly after leaving school he went to America with a Scholarship to Harvard University where he look a lst Class in the Final Honours Examination to get his B.Sc., also distinguishing himself on the runni ng track by winning the Two Mile in the Freshmen'S Sports. After working for a short time in America, he returned to Engla nd at the outbreak of the First World War, was given a comm ission in the R.G,A. and rose to the rank of major, being awarded the M,C,.and bei ng twice Mentioned in Despatches. At the conclusion of hostilities he again retumed to America, but shortly came back to England 10 be married, and from then onwards his life was spent in business, chieHy in London , where he eventually became a Director of the firm in which he worked. The outstanding trait in his character was his conscientiousness. Whatever he unde'r took was quietly, unostentatiously and thoroughly done, whether in the office, or in Civil Defence, or for 'the Church which he loved so well. His home was in one of the worstÂˇbombed areas of London, and the strain of constant sleepless nights on .du.ty as n Section W.U'den undoubtedly contributed to his comp<tratively early death, 145

THE CANTUARIAN The church wheJ"e the family worshipped and where he was a sidesman was destroyed and he took a large part in Ie-organizing its finances in the post war years.

All his life he was devoted to children, and when his own grew up, he gave his love to those less fortunately placed, acting as "Uncle" to boys from Dr. Barnardo's Homes, visiting them and giving up part of his short holiday each year to take them to the sea-side. Our deepest sympathy is offered to his wife and family, two of whom are O.K.S. DR. W. A. WIGRAM AN AUTHORITY ON THE ASSYRIAN CHURCH

The Rev. W. A. Wigram, D.O., one of the foremost authorities on eastern Christianity, died in a nursing home at Salisbury on Friday at the age of 80 . William Ainger Wigram was born on May 16th, 1872, the third son of Canon Woolmore Wigram, of St. Albans. He was educated at King's School, Canterbury, and Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he took a second class in the Historical Tripos in 1893. After training for the priesthood at Bishop Auckland Theological College, he was ordained to a curacy at South Shields in 1896. After serving in other curacies in the Diocese of Durham he was appointed in 1902 by the Archbishop of Canterbury to head the arch~ bishop's mission to the Assyrian Christians in Kurdistan. There he remained for some 10 years accumulating knowledge of the eastern Churches and in particular that of the Assyrians. In 1914 he became acting chaplain of the Crimea Memorial Church in Constantinople and was of signal service to the British community there when its members were evacuated after the entry of Turkey into the 1914~18 War. He was again of great service in Mesopotamia in 1918-21 in helping to repair the ravages of war, but perhaps his greatest work in this way was done soon after he became chaplain to the British Legation in Athens in 1922. The sack of Smyrna brought a flood of refugees to Greece and Wigram bent all his energies to relieving their distress and looking after their spiritual welfare. During the winter of 1922~23 he called attention to the plight of these people in tIie columns of The Times on several occasions and evoked a considerable response in this country. He remained in Greece until 1928 and was tben appo inted to a canonry in the Collegiate Church of St. Paul, Malta, and thus gained enough leisure to write the works on the Assyrian Church on which his reputation principally rests. His History of the Assyrian Church is a model of scholarship and clarity, and in his Assyrians alld their Neighbours he traces the doctrinal interaction between the Assyrians and the other Christian communities in nearer Asia. The Separation of the MOllophysites is a mine of littleknown eastern literature, including many unpublished Syriac books. In his last book he breaks new ground. Hellenic Travel, an informal account of the shrines of Hellenic culture, was published in 1947 and is redolent of his urbane humanity. He retired from hi s stall in 1936. (The Times, 19th January, 1953) Dr. Wigram came to the School in 1882, becoming Sixth F orm in 1889 and Monitor in 1890, and was in the XV 1888- 90. He was one of four brothers, all of whom came to the School. .

CORRESPONDENCE Lyme Regi s. Dear Sir, The letter in the last CUlllJluri(lI/ on Marlowe and Shakespeare interested me very much, as L have for a long time played with this theory, and have noted many little Jines of evidence that certainly seem to lead one in that direction. Some years ago 1 wrote to the secretary of the K.s. Marlowe Society suggesting that it might be an interesting bit of research if they took it up, but nothing came of it. For my own part, my life has been too full of other matters for me to engage in any real attempt to uncover, or to follow up, the clues, but 1 am slife it would be worth while. Even the dark lad y I1nd s a sati sf<lctory and natural place in the story, if Marlowe is Ihe author of the sonnets. So good luck to the theory , and good hunting to anyone who roJlows th ~ swnl. Yours s incerely, I)JJRCY J. RYI\LI~ (1893 --91)

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THE SCHOOL ROLL 1580- 1581 [The accounts in the volume numbered Miscellaneous Accounts, 41, in the Chapter Archives, prove to have been bound up in the wrong order. The section following the account for 1587-88 (in which the scholars' names were printed in the issue for July, 1952) has been found to belong to 1580-1581. Names of scholars for this la st~mentioned period are given below. The Preceptor and subpreceptor for the period Christmas, 1580- Michaelmas, 1581 are respectively Nicholas Goldsborough and Robert Rose.]

Christmas Reginald Stafferton Thomas Wyn l-Ienry Brounrigge [alternately called (by the Chapter Clerk)] Bromericke Robert Reder Henry Drurye Thomas Googe (Gouge) Thomas Coldwell Peter Oliver Edward Partheridge Nicholas Wylder John Gwynne Caleb Smith Bartholomew Godwin Clement Parott Richard Puryfie John Reynard

William Bolton William Place John WyUsforde Barnabas Pownal1 Jesse Gilbert Nathaniel BuH William Lylly Samuel White Thomas Pratt Bartholomew Beseley Roper Blundell Samuel Plafer Stephen Nevyson Banjamin Cariar Robert Warde Christopher Digges William Hewett Matthew Parker

Thomas Hamond Laurence Gardiner Edward Gest John Dobson Bevell Lewes William DauntoD, Danton [called by the Chapter Clerk] Dalton Francis Walleys Francis Mundy Richard Cons ant Stephen Churcbe Edward Williams Charles Turner Thomas Walsall Richard Shelley John Pendleton

Ladyday Reginald Stafferton Thomas Wyn Henry Brounrigge [alternately called (by the Chapter Clerk)] Bromericke Robert Reder Henry Drurye Thomas Googe (Gouge) Thomas Coldwell Peter Oliver Nicholas Wylder John Gwynne Caleb Smith Bartholomew Godwin Clement Parott Richard Puryfie John Reynard William Place

John Wyllsforde Barnabas Pownall Jesse Gilbert Nathaniel Bull William LyUy Samuel White Thomas Pratt Bartholomew Beseley Samuel Plafer Stephen Nevyson Banjamin Cariae Robert Warde Christopher Digges William Hewett Matthew Parker Thomas Hamond Laurence Gardiner Edward Ge!it

147

John Dobson Bevell Lewes William Daunton, Danton [called by the Chapter Clerk] Dalton Francis Walleys Richard Consant Stephen Churche Edward Williams Charles Turner Thomas WalsaU Richard Shelley John Pendleton Edmund Munday Anthony Naunton Anthony Norton Timothy Goode

THE' CANTUAR TAN

Midsummer Thomas Wyn Henry Brounrigge [alternately called (by the Chapter C lerk)l Bromerickc Robert Reder f'ie"nry Drurye

T homas Googe (Gouge) Thomas Coldwell Peter Oliver Nicholas Wylder John Gwynne Caleb Smith Richard Puryfie John Reynard William Place John Wyllsforde Barnabas Pownall Jesse Gilbert

Nathaniel Bull William J"ylly Samuel White Thomas Pratt Bartholomew Bc<;cley

Samuel PJarcr Stephen Nevyso n Banjamin Cariar

Robert Warde Christopher Digges William Hewett Matthew Parker Laurence Gardiner Edward Gest John Dobson Bevell Lewes William Daunton, Danton [called by the C hapter Clerk Dalton

Francis Walleys Richard Consant Stephen Churche Edward Williams Charles T urner Richard Shelley John Pendleton Edmund Munday Anthony Naunton Anthony Norton Timothy Goode John Walsall Stephen Barlinge Richard Cull William Venables Richard Baldocke John Ball

Michaelmas Thomas Wyn Robert Reder Thomas Googe (Gouge) Peter Oliver '. Nicholas Wylder John Gwynne ' Caleb Smith Richard Puryfie John Reynard William Place John Wyllsforde Barnabas Pownall Jesse Gilbert Nathaniel Bull William Lylly Samuel White Bartholomew Beseley Samuel Plafer

Stephen Nevyson Banjamin Cariar Robert. Warde . Chri stopher Digges William Hewett Matthew Parker Edward Gest John Dobson Bevell Lewes William Daunton. Danton [called by the Chapter Clerk] Dalton . Francis Walleys Richard Consant Stephen Churche Edward Will.iams C harles Turner Richard Shelley

John Pendleton Edmund Munday Anthony Naunton Anthony Norton Timothy Goode John Walsall Stephen Barlinge. Richard Cull William Venables Richa rd Baldocke John Ball James Yetman Sidney Keltridge Henry Pett [ ] Tilman Alexander C lifford Henry Jacob

Michaeltnas, 1588 [It was stated in the July issue, 1952, that owing to the loss of a page from the volume of accounts a number of t.he names of scholars for Michaelmas. 1588 could not be printed. These names have now been found entered into an odd space at the end of the accounts for the period 1587- 1588 (Mi scellaneous Accounts, 41, fol. 76v.) and are given below.] James Nicholls William Wilson Nicholas Rolfe William Wickh,am Michael Birkett Josaphat Web . " .) Daniel Pickerde Daniel Desesgnes

Boys Ower Alexander Quicke Christopher Den Francis Withers Francis Page Thomas Di~e . . Barnabas Knell Johne Levet [48

Robert Clarke Samuel Brome John Ascu George Coverte James Partriche Wi lli am Twyne

THE CANTUAR TAN

THE JUNIOR SCHOOL From the Parrot House Last year's Rugger was, it may be remembered. something of a fia sco, owing to our being quarantined for nearly the whole term. This year the first two matches on our fixture list could not be played. Tormore were in Quarantine for chicken-pox and German measles; and at the time of our first match agai nst 'Sir Roger Manwood's we were in the midst of our 'flu epidemic, and just could not raise a team. The first match, however, against Betteshanger, which we won 9-6, showed that we had this term a XV of outstandi ng quality, even if lacking in experience. It was a hard and level game, fine to watch right up to the end. The next match, against Westbrook House, was also a very level one, and the score of the draw, 6-6, was a fair indication of the worth of the two teams. Neither side looked quite so skilled as both teams had in the previous match, and there were too many missed passes. For the last match of the season we went to Sandwich to play Sir Roger Manwood's (Manwood Lodge) and were there defeated handsomely, 21 - 0, by a team quite considerably larger and more experienced than we were. Even so it is worth remarking that 18 of the points against us were scored in the first half, and after that Manwood's could only score 3 more points; we had measured the strength of the attack by that time. Not a great deal else has happened, nor will happen, this term. Scouts and Cubs have pursued their accllstomed activities. Carpentry, the Young Farmers, a nd so on, have met, discussed their doings, and worked fairly hard. The Railway C lub is still in the throes of relaying track. We have had two lectures one with films of Switzerland, magnificent in colour, and a talk by Dr. C. Fothergill; another by ~ missionary from New Guinea, Mr. Francis; and a visit from Mr. Clifford Heap's marionettes is promised . We go to the combined schools' orchestral concert in the Simon Langton Girls' School Hall on March 21st, supplying nearly all the wind instruments from our band, not to mention the percussion . When we have also learnt to play quietly, the result will be Quite artistic. We play the same pieces for the benefit of our own parents and friends, in the Barn on March 26th. We have produced a modest variety show in the Barn, which was well received; this was taken to Monkton three days later, for a second performance, by which we raised a sum, not revealed to the writer, for their Church roof fund. The show included a oneÂˇact play. The Doubtful Misfortune ofU Sing, which I can now thoroughly recommend to anyo ne in search of a really funny short play . W.H.O.

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CONTENTS EDITORIAL THE SCHOOL VIRTUTE FUNCTI MORE PATRUM DUCES VALETE . .. SALVETE .. . THE VIS IT OF QUEEN SALOTE COMMON ENTRANCE EXAMINATION ... NOCTIS EQU I TH IS AND THAT THE RETURN ELIZABET HAN SONNETT BISHOP AND CHAPLA IN ASLEEP ENTRANCE SCHOLARSH IPS ... UN IVERSITY SCHOLARSH IPS SCIENCE AND THOUGHT THE WONDER IS ... THE O.K.S. DESCENT OF H.M. THE QUEEN MOST WOMEN TO MOST MEN SOMETHING OF NO IMPORTANCE A PORTRAIT ... ... . .. UNIVERS ITY SCHOLARSHIPS WALPOLIANA BlTTENICHT STOEREN REGINALD POLE ... TWO MEN OF LIKE TASTES PLATITUDES AND PROVOCATIONS THE WITNESSES ... GEORGI AND THE COMM ISSAR THE LAST BILLET- DOUX ... NONSENSE... ... . .. INYANGA SILHOUETTE AT RHODES HOTEL, INYANGA THE MAN FROM GOD ... . .. THE ROYAL SOUTH CAROLINA GAZETTE, 178 1 MEXICAN ART PRIOR WI BERT ... POEM BOOK REVIEW SCHOOL CONCERT BELSEN, 1953 HOUSE PLAYS A VISIT TO B.A.O.R. HOCKEY ... CR ICKET THE BOAT CLUB RUGBY FOOTBALL ATHLETICS, 1953 .. . FENCING CLUB .. . SWIMMING TENNIS e.C.F. NOTES THE SEASONS O.K.S. NEWS OBITUARY ... CORRESPONDENCE THE JUN IOR SCHOOL ...

153 155 156 156 156 156 157 157 158 162 162 163 163 164 165 166 168 170 171 172

175 176 177

179 180 183 187 188 193 194 195 196 196 197 198 200 202 204 205 206 206 207 208 209 210

220 222 223 224 224

224 225 226 227 229 230 23 1

QUEEN SALOTE OF TONGA

G. N. Newkey" Bllrdell

1 I

THE CANTUARIAN VOL. XXV.

No.3

JULY ,

1953',

EDITORIAL The end of every term brings its regrets, for to part from dearly loved people and places is always hard, and these regrets are most strongly fe lt at the end of one's last term at School. For at School the individual becomes merged into the community in a way seldom found in ordinary life. The more one has become identified with the spirit of the School, the harder the break becomes. This School has a very special spirit which draws each very close to ' one another, for it is based above all on mutual trust and tolerance ; these are not mere words to those at School here, they are to be found in every aspect of our life and work. Trust and tolerance breed love and friendship among the community, and where love is, there is happiness. 15J

THE CANTUARIAN

And yet, though the individual becomes so closely entwined into the School that the break is very hard for him when he comes to leave it, the School itself is resilient with the strength of trad ition and continuity, and can adapt itself to newcomers without disorder. Though the constant succession of different pupils and masters gives a wide variety to the outward nature of the School, yet continuity preserves its essential spirit. It is not for nothing that the School's crest is emblazoned with the 'Greek initials of Jesus Christ, and the basic aim of the' School is one .of dedication to His Service in loving Him and one another. Love is bred here, as we have said, but love may grow cold and there is .always a need of rededication lest we forget our purpose. The School, and indeed the whole Empire and Commonwealth, has received a magnificent opportunity for rededication in this year of the ÂˇCoronation of the Queen. Much of the ancient ritual may now seem Âˇout of place, but there can be no doubt of the purposeful sincerity with which the Queen has construed it to apply to the New Monarchy of service. In this again, we see the monarchy, a living example of ,continuity, blessed with variety to adapt it to modern needs. Those who leave the School now, filled with its spirit of love and tolerance, go out at a most opportune moment to show the world how that Coronation oath can best be fu lfilled by all the people of the 'Commonwealth; for that is the spirit of which the world has greatest need. Finally, let them not forget the School where they learnt their ideals, .and let them show their gratitude by ever holding it firm as a treasurehouse of things most precious.

154

T HE

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THE SCHOOL H ead Head Head Head Head Head Head Head

Captain of the School : K. D, AG NEW of The School House M. HERBERT, K.S. of The Grange ... K. D, AGNEW of Wa lpole House P. DAWSON, K.S. of Meister Omers J. C. DUNN of Luxmoore House ... D. CLIFT, K.S. of Galpin's House D. C. RVELANO of Linacre House N. C. G. RAFFLE, K.S. of Marlowe House N. PAI NE, K.S.

MONITORS K. D. AGN EW, M. HERBERT, K.S., D. C. RVELANO, N . C. G. RAFFLE, K.S. , P. DAWSON,. K. S., D. C LIFT, K.S. , J. C. DUN N~ N. PAINE, K.S., P. H. Moss, K.S., W. E. EUSTACE, K.S. , . C. W. FREYER, K.S., D. H. W. KELLV, J. A. ROWE, K.S., A. J. BRIGGS, K.S., R. H. CO' SYMON, R, A. LAWRENCE HOUSE PREFECTS The School House: D. G . GRIFFITH, A. H. M. HOARE, K.S., J. W. NORTON, J. E. PAWSEYO' The Grange : P. J. D. ALLEN, J. M. BODGER, K. W. FENTON, K.S., B. D. S. LOCK,. K.S., J. W. R. LODGE, C. B. STROUTS, K.S., N. J. B. WRIGHT. Walpole House : L. A. KI NGHORN, J. A. D. MACMILLA N, G . F. NASH, K.S., l. MO' ORR-EWING, K.S. , M. H. ROBERTS, M . U . SLEE, M. C. TURNOR" R. N. B. THOMAS, N. M . S. BROWN. Meister Omers : E. H. T. BAYLIS, S. N. BURBRIDGE, K.S., J. S. HARVEY, D. C. MOOR,. C. J. REED, H. A. SMITH, W. H. WOOLSTON. Luxmoore House : E. C. ASH, J. R. CAPURRO, M. Mc G. GARDNER, J. C. HARDI NG,. D. J. KIRSCH, A, P. MARKS, G. S. SPATHIS. Galpin's House : S. J. FREEBAIRN-SMITH , K.S., A. M. J. HALSEY, P. B. KIRKBY, R. G .. MILNE, K.S., P. G . ROBERTS, K.S., B. S, SALMON, R. W. K. WILSON, . K.S. Linacre House: P. N. BAUMANN, J. P. M. DAVIES, 1. N. FISHER, M. C. PAtTERSON, . R. C. RICHARDSON. Marlowe Ho use: J. D. BELL, J. H. COBB, M. S. R. COZENS, G. E. HARE. M . H ERBERT, K.S. Captain . of Cricket Caplam of Boats ... D. C. RVELAND Captain of Swimming ... W. J. LANCASHIRE, K.S. W. H . WOOLSTON Captain of Tennis Captain of Shooting ... M . J . MoORE, K.S. The Cantuarian: Editors : THE CAPTAIN OF SCHOOL (ex-officiol, P. H. Moss, K.S., P. DAWSON, K.S.,. J. DE V. ALLEN, K.S. Sports Editor: M. HERBERT, K.S. Secretary : B. D. S. LOCK, K.S. 155

i THE CANTUARIAN

VIRTUTE FUNCTI MORE PATRUM DUCES B. !. G. HYATf, K.s.-Entered School, Sept., '47; Honorary Senior King's Scholar' Upper Sixth, '51; House Prefect, ' 53 ; Secretary of the Art Society; Ope~ Exhibition in History to SI. John's College, Oxford.

VALETE

., - ~

J. M. H. Barber, J. M. C. Harke, R. J. Jell, J. Monro-Higgs, W. D. Southgate, G . . Spence- Fish.

SALVETE N. C. Attwater, A. E. H. Bates, J. Beaugie, P. S. Burnham, M . N. Doidge, C. J. B. . Gallaher, J. P. D. Gandy, D. M. Huxley, B. A. Isbill, A. B. Savile, G. Simmons, . J. C. G. Smith, W. R. A. A. Uthwatt-Bouverie, D. D. Valpy, R. T. Wigg, A. A. J. Williams.

THE VISIT OF QUEEN SALOTE Of all reigning monarchs that have visited this Country since the War, surely none has received so warm a welcome as Her Majesty Queen Salote of Tonga. We may therefore count ourselves both honoured and fortunate that, having expressed a wish to see Canterbury Cathedral, she came also to see the School and to have lunch in Hall on Tuesday, May 26th. It was not really until her triumphal drive in the Coronation Procession that Her Majesty became really well-known to the English public, but her visit had all the same happy informality that was so apparent on June 2. The royal cars arrived in the Mint Yard soon after midday and before the Chapter had assembled to greet them. The Headmaster was there, however, and the School was grouped round the grass to receive her. On the Mint Yard grass itself was the guard of honour provided by the three divisions of the C.C.F. and behind them the Military Band. Both deserve praise, the former for their smartness, the latter for the speed in which they learnt the Tongan Anthem. When Her Majesty had inspected the guard and the Headmaster had made some presentations, the Royal party circulated most unpompously around the Precincts until lunch was served. At lunch we took leave of Her Majesty, for it was also the day of the General Inspection, but we shall not quickly forget her noble carriage, her winning smile and the imperturbable way in which she found us all looking towards her. Though it is not original to say so, .yet it remains that the Friendly Isles have a most friendly Queen. 156

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THE COMMON ENTRANCE EXAMINATION Public opin ion condemns decision of a child's future by examination at the age of II ;: but there is a not entirely dissimilar crisis in the lives of many children at the age of 13, when they take the Common Entrance Examination and often stand or faU by their marks. alone. This is questionable justice and questionable wisdom: not merely because a boy is more than an inteUectual being and may have much to contribute, but also because . hi s success or fai lure in the exam ination may well depend upon a variety of factors, such as health or the circumstances of previous school training, or even fortune in the questions. set.

The fo Uowing facts about forty boys who have, in recent years, gained University Scholarships and Ex hibitions and State Scholarships are not without significance. Twenty. Âˇ four of these boys did not gain School Entrance Scholarships but either failed in a Scholars hi p examination or took only the Common Entrance, in which the highest average mark was 70 per cent. One failed the Common Entrance altogether at the first attempt and his entrance was postponed for six months. Some of these boys were unable to sit for th e examination at all, as they came from distant parts of the world.

Another interesting fact is that of these forty, six were from Choir Schools, and a tribute can be paid to these schools which are sometimes criticised as retarding a boy's. inteUectual development through pressure of services and musical training. Every school must wish to gain the best boys for the intellectua l welfare of the School , but it is doubtful whether a rigid percentage requirement in the Common Entrance; Examination of itself achieves this.

NOCTIS EQUI Lentc, Lentc, currite

For each leaf lives but once Then dies appointedly, eternally. ) strained Catching the mist in my throat ..... . The wind softly touched the hyacinths Slenderly whispering a forgotten scen t In my mind . As the eagle hovers before the storm Blue petals feU from the sky Blown by the cioudsgently stirring the pool of unreal memory The magic ripples blurring, wavering, lying. dying No more wind now, But I see no past reflection ;

Only a windswept street of emptiness. The green grass is very new .Bearing no ancestors.

I.P.M.D. 157

4 THE CAN TUARIA N

THIS AND THAT Malcolm Burgess, O.K .S., whom we now congratulate o n achieving a Doctorate of Philoso phy, was the subject of an article in the famous issue of GtOnla; we quote extracts. "Malcolm Burgess is one of those few to whom everything in life is in glorious Technicolor." Dr. Burgess' life is traced wittily through baby prizes, the Junior School- "plenty of silver linings and practically no cIo uds"-and the King's School. From Canterbury, Malcolm Burgess went to Cambridge, where for eight years he has remained: at the moment we await news of a Fellowship election .

Granta ,Cantuariensis

Fencing

We heartily congratu late David Clift, K.S., Captain of Fencing, on winning the Junior Kent Championships in May. The School team came sixth in the team championship.

Lt.-Col. W. L. C. Crawford, a retired tea-planter and resident of Upper Harbledown, has left the School ÂŁ4,000 to found a Scholarship in memory of his brother, C. S. Crawford, O.K .S. To this family we already owe . Scholarship several endowments and our gratitude can hardly begin to reward them for their continual generosity. A Crawford

Mr. S. S. Sopwith, O.K .S., represented the Headmaster when a distinguished body of physicians visited Folkestone on Wednesday, 25th March to lay wreaths on the statue of William Harvey on the three hundred and seventyfifth anniversary of his birth . Mr. Sopwith has already been on a committee to decide whether Harvey's present burial-place at Hempstead should be restored or whether his remai ns should be moved elsewhere.

William Harvey

Wood-chopping

Mr. Corner led a team of senior boys last holidays who made an excellent start of clearing the far end of St. Stephen's field, prior to its being levelled and prepared for games. A photograph of them appears

in this issue. .Ordination

On Tri nity Sunday, Cyril Johnson, O.K.S., was ordained to the priesthood by the Bishop of London; Mr. Johnson is curate of All Hallows' Church, Twickenham.

Driving through some Gloucestershire villages one of our Editors asked what sort of man the Vicar was; he obviously had a full-time job with three Churches on his hands. "He's a good man", replied the driver; ".If anybody is ill he'll go and do his garden for him." It was good to .discover subsequently that the Vicar was an O.K.S., as was also the incumbent of perhaps the most charming village in that neighbourhood.

.Cotswold Vicars

O.K.S. of the War years will remember Michael Ellis with affection. He died, as the resu lt of an accident, while on duty in Germany in 1946; he was a Captain in the Grenadier Guards. His death was, of course recorded in that yea r in The Cantuarian : but it came again to our minds through .a noti ~e in the Evening Post of Jersey, where his mother and sister live.

In Memoriam

158

THE CANTUARIAN

, A Porter s Lodge

The qovernors have some idea of making in the Mint Yard a·. Port~r.s Lodge, rather like a College Entrance lodge, whereenqumes may be made. In a widely-spread school like ours the ' need for something of the kind is urgent. '

We have bought the few acres of copse and pasture-land at the far · end ofSt. Stephen's Fields; when that is levelled, the field will comprise 25 acres of flat land. Combe House with Collard's Meadow has been also I'urchased, both immediately adjacent to Luxmoore House; these three properties contam about 12 acres . When they are ready, the School will have ample room, for · Blore's PIece stIli plays Its part. Playing Fields

Which?

Even The Times had it: "Model Cannon lost from Canterbury Cathedral .. . HBut T was here", he said. .

The Headmaster has sat to Mr. Anthony Devas, A.R.A., and we understand· that the portrait is virtually fini shed. Perhaps a last touch or two may be · .leqUlred, wh Ich wIth the holIday perIod II1tervel1lng prevents its being . completed m tllne for Speech Day. . PortraIt

Among the delights arranged are a recital by Elizabeth Schwarzkopf Next Term lectures by Sir Harold Nicolson, Mr. A. L. Rowse, Mr Leo Butler' · . another Fellow of All Souls, and Dr. Arthur Bryant; a·nd a Moza rt : opera I1Ight on November 1st. The Stonham Collection

This is said to be the third finest collection of British Birds in the , Kmgdom. Extensive repairs to the amount of £300 have been put in ha nd , and the CollectIOn has now a worthy abiding-place in the Hall of the PrIory Classrooms.

We welcome this term Mr. J. A. Kent, of B.N.C., in place of Mr. R. F .. Glover, who left for IllS new post as Headmaster of Adams' School, Newport. We are glad to know that in September Mr. Ralph Blumena.u returns to. us. OWll1g to the growth of the School, the expansion of the Sixth ,. the c~eatLOn of additional forms, and the retirement of Mr. J. C. Howe- whom we shall all mISS very much- several new masters have been appointed : Mr. N. H. Scott, of Keble Co ll eg~, Mr. Jo hn Wilson of Magdalen, Mr. D. W. Ball of B.N.C., Mr. P. C. C. Lindesay of ChrISt Church, Mr. J. G. Owen of Worcestcr College; and Mr. G. P. Robertson of" Clare. Though we shall lose his valuable services especially in Cricket, we cannot but be glad. for Ills sake that Me.. RatclIffe has been given a n important appointment in Canada, wh ile Mr. J. D. Lanmng to the real regret of all the Science side has accepted a post 111 the Rud olph Stemer School. New Masters

The Farming Club

Since the Farmers are the only Society to have notified us of their · we have raised them. t.o. this column. They seem to have spent their tIme most profitably VISltll1g the surro unding farm s to whose owners they Wish to express their deep gratitude. '

act l.v ltl~s,

159

THE

CANTUARLAN

It is with the greatest pleasure Lhat we hear that Pastor Brown is to visit the School again next term. Those who have not yet heard him

Pastor Brown

speak can have no idea of the impact of his wo rds.

Archbishop Mowll

It was most pleasant to see Archbishop Mowll, Primate of Australia a nd one of several O.K .S. Bishops there, at Matins in Cathedral one Sunday. His brother-Archbishop of Brisbane preached on July 5, a day fated once more to prove how inadequate a nd shoddy the amplifying

system in the Cathedral is. So fierce, intense. and loud was ,the interferen,ce, that the

.Captain of the School was obliged to leave h,s seat, ';';lOunt mto the pulpIt and show the Archbishop how to turn off the ungodly machll1e. We shall not cease from mental fight .... " We congratulate the Headmaster and Mrs. Shirley on the birth of their A Grandson second grandson Robert Mark Barlow, who was christened in the Chapel of Our Lady U~dercroft on July 12. M",~ y will remember how Mrs. Mi ss Janet Shirley, took lessons wIth the SIxth Form here. .Barlow, then The proofs of the Prayer-Book keep coming, and one of the T he Prayer-Book Editors has had to employ his ex perience in reading them. It will contain all the Collects, Epistles and Gospels, and many more Psalms than Ihe previous edition, but the notes, prayers and other matter peculiar to tthe Canterbury Prayer-Book will be retained.

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The Boat Club has always been organised on strictly non-partisan lines, but ils expanded size has largely dispensed with this need. This year H ouses were joined in pairs 10 produce racing fours (though the winners, Marlowe, had a four entirely of their own), but next yea r it is intended that each House s hould produce its own four. House Fours

A recent preacher drew our attention to one or two comic hymns, or hymns comic in the wrong context. For in stance, he remembered a service for a Dentists' Conference which opened with : Crown. him with many crowns. He further suggested that Dry Cle~ners might sing 0 for a faith that

Hymns Bizarre

lVill not shrink, though press'd by many a foe. L,?oklng through our book, we found several hymns whose punctuation

entirely lo st m the musIc with disastrous results:

My God I love thee not because I hope for Heaven thereby : Thy Kingdom come all bended knee: a ~d Room (0 de,;y ourselves a road. Perhaps the most unfortunate of all , in I VOIV 10

thee, my country, is the assertion that Her pride is suffering .

Heard in the Garden

"It ought to be good : it's by Shakespeare, yo u know."

Through the generosity of Mr. Somerset Maugham we are putting lip a large a nd attractive Boat-house at Pluck's Gutter, which is at the junction of the Great Stour and Little Stour. This is where the V!Il's row. We have ourselves lately erected another boat-hollse at Fordwlch for the Fours. It ma y well be that next Summer we can have a Regatta at Pluck's Gutter- House FoursFlags and Bunting- the Band-and the Dog and Duck convemently near. But who ever was Pluck?

Boat-Houses

160

THE

Linacre House

C ANTUAR I AN

The Chapter is now building another storey on the back part of the· house, which will enable us to acco mmodate another dozen boys ..

The final improvements have now been made to the Priory block with the replacement of th.e old Brewery wll1dows with new quatre-foil windows, much more 111 keeplllg wIth the architecture. Furthermore, the top of" Classrooms the entrance archway has been restored to its pre-Reformation appearance, as proved by a painting now in the Lardergate. Priory

The Cathedral Library

The Cathedral Library is now all but completed and is by no mea ns· unhandsome. Rumour has It that Royalty may be asked to open it offiCIally next year.

_ Shoestrlllgs

The Evening News gossip column had the fo llowing to say on June 29:· "An old boy of the Kmg's School, Canterbury, is to achieve his ambition of deslgmng the scenery for the play to be performed during the Cantero. bury Cathedral Festival in the Chapter House. "He is Dr. Malcolm Burgess, whose sets for Hugh Ross Williamson's new play His· Eminence of England will be made and J'ainted by the present Scholars. Dr. Burgess, who has made a consIderable name for hImself as a scene designer in Cambridge where for the past three. years he has done the decor for the Footlights' Revue, broke into· London.recently wIth two setllngs for the revue, Airs on. a Shoestring. . .. He has become the leadlllg authorIty III thIS country on the Russia n theatre." The. Evenill~ Standard, not to be outdone, printed on July 16 a photograph of Stephen BurbrIdge pamtmg the Said scenery 111 the Cloisters. Coronation Honours

We offer our sincere cong~atulations to Sir Frederick Bovenschen,. K. C.B. , K.n.E., O.K.S., Chairman o f the Governors' Finance Com··

mittee, on his election as a Coronation Baron of the Cinque Ports. The Green Room

By Surprise

P_S.

Reviews of The Tempest will appear in our next issue but we must take· this immediate opportunity of thanki ng the Archdea~on of Canterbury and Mrs. Mowll, who have virtuall y surrendered their garden and house for nearly a month so that the production might go forward. Sir Carol Reed, O ..K.S., paid a short a nd unexpected visit to the School late one evenmg th,s term. He talked in the Mint Yard to som e of the cast of The Tempest about the School in the days of Dr. Latter. Revealing his identity .only as he was about to depart, he left several amateur· actors gnashmg their teeth at such an opportunity lost. The news from Cambridge has come. Downing. -

161

Malcol m

Burg~5S

is a Fellow of"

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THE CANTUARIAN

THE RETURN "0 where hast thou been, my daughter, Where didst thou go my love?" "I went to the sunlight and laughter To the dreamed-of gods above. I flew to the menfolk of the sky, To the white hearts of youth I've been, Where morning dew drops never die And the grass is spun fresh-green ." "Then why have you returned, my daughter. To your old father, the sea?" "Because to-morrow follows after The days that they loved .me. . As a sleep goes by in a flick of the mght As a song's joy ends when sung,. So age ends life where love IS bright Tn the land ever young for the young. Silent the fields, asleep the hills, Lone the night round allThe cup of sodden sorrow fill s To the wild wind's call." "And now do you repent then, daughter, That yo u left yo ur home by the sea?" For some reason or other, she didn't answer,

But he knew she did, didn't he? Didn't he? J.P.M.D.

ELIZABETHAN SONNETT The early Dawn now breaketh in the East Aurora's pearly fingers stretch across The Heav'ns adorn'd with Morning's beauty fea st Of red and white, lending a gi lded gloss To every water; all pools display . A mirror'd play of hues and colours fair; A silver promise of a golden Day. . And thou art Morning's Child, born of the alf: Thy lips more ruby than the rose's red, Their crescent curve morc graceful than the Dawn,

Of lily's white thy skin, on nectar fed, To keep its flow'r from lilac's blossom drawn. E'en now thou standst in Dawning of thy Day, Seize winged Time and hold him while you may. CORYDON 162

TH E C ANTUARTAN

BISHOP AND CHAPLAIN Thomas Lushington was a Kin g's Scholar here, and figures among the lists in the

Cathedral archives from 1603 to 1606. The place of hi s education was unknown to the writer of his biogra phy in the D. N.B. He is said to have been born at Sandwich in 1590, but Sir Thomas Browne, who was Lushington's pupil at Oxford, stated that Canterbury was his birth-place. A graduate of Lincoln College, Lush ington took also his B.D. and D .O ., and was noted as "a very learned and ingeniose man". Tho'ugh a High Churchman , he had some tendency to frivolity, and was suitably employed as Chaplain to Richard Corbet, a most convivia l sO lll , Bishop of Oxford. The two were intimate friends, and if these two stories are trlle. as related by John Aubrey, the Bishop was an attractive creature. " One time as he (the Bishop) was confirming, the country people pressing in to see the ceremonie, said he, "Beare off there! or "II confirm yc with my Staffc". Another time,

being to lay his hand on the head of a man very bald , he turns to his chaplaine, and said, 'Some dust, Lushington', to keepe his hande from slipping. There was a man with a venerable beard: said the Bishop, ' You , behind the beard!' . " His Chapiaine, Dr. Lushington, was a very learned and ingeniose man, and they loved one another. The Bishop would sometimes take the Key of the wine-cellar, and he and his chaplaine would go and lock themselves in and be merry : then first he layes down his episcopal hood, 'There layes the Doctor' ; then he puts off his gowne, There layes the Bishop'; then 'twas, 'Here's to thee, Corbet';- ' Here's to thee, Lushington' ,"

From about 1630 until the outbreak of the Civi l War, Lushington was presented with a number of benefices, all mostly in East Anglia, for Corbet was translated to Norwich in 1632, and he appears also to have been one of Charles l 's chaplains. Deprived of his preferments, he lived quietly through the years of war, and declined any offers at the Restoration of the Monarchy. He died in 1661 at Sittingbourne, where Hasted says a handsome monument to his memory used to stand. Lushington was a Scholar, the author of several books a nd sermons, and perhaps he might have climbed higher up the ecclesiastical ladder had he not been to some degree suspect of heretical views.

ASLEEP You are as far removed from Doom as any landscape of the moon, (crated with fears, glistening with elvish light). You are a warm bud on the tree of night, with the shadow of the bloom, the fear of rest rose-petal gentle on yo ur bea utiful breast.

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ENTRANCE SCHOLARSHIPS The following is the list of successful candidates at the Examinations held this term, in alphabetical order:SENIOR KINO'S SCHOLAR: oS. P. Jones. KINO'S SCHOLARS: "0. R. F. Davies. (Durston House, Ealing.) S. F. Docksey. (Tormore School, Upper DeaL) "A. A. Dunning. (Milner Court, Sturry.) S. C. Farmer. (Picket Post, Ringwood.) "J . C. L. Foot. (Birkdale, Sheffield.) "J. P. Green. (Canterbury Cathedral Choir SchooL) C. J. Hanson . (The Dragon School, Oxford.) oS. C. Hardisty. (Milner Court, Sturry.) R. M. Harvey. (Milner Court, Sturry.) "R. B. Horton . (Dover College Junior SchooL) "J. A. Kane. (The Dragon School, Oxford.) A. G . Robiette. (Heath Brow School, Hemel Hempstead.) J. P . Roche. (Beach borough, Brackley.) "J. C. G . Smith . (The Hall, Nevill Holt.) J. A. Taylor. (Milner Court, Sturry.) H. R. Templeton. (Bickley Park, Bickley.) A. Turner. (Milner Court, Sturry.) J. A. Turner. (Cumnor House, Haywards Heath.) "A. A. J. Williams. (Milner Court, Sturry.) D . J. Williams. (The Pilgrims' School, Winchester.) LORD MILNER MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIP: A. R. Morgan . (Pembroke House, Gilgil.) T. G. CANNON SCHOLARSHIP : D. J. Evans. (Streete Court, Bognor Regis.) LORD PLENDER SCHOLARSHIPS: A. G. Robiette. (Heath Brow School, Hemel Hempstead .) J. A. Turner. (Cumnor House, Haywards Heath.) CHRISTINA MASON SCHOLARSHIP: J. G. Underwood. (St. Michael's, Otford.) MUSIC SCHOLARSHIPS: P. A. Campbell. (Milner Court, Sturry.) G. W. Lane. (Cathedral Choir House, Oxford.) M . F. Sullivan. (Brocksford Hall, Doveridge.) J. l. R. Thompson. (Edge Grove. Aldenham.) t64

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EXHIBITIONS: H. K. Bray. (Tormore School, Upper DeaL) J. C. Cook. (Dragon School, Oxford.) M. D. Ham . (Wellington House, Westgate-on-Sea.) C. J. Jewison. (Beech Hall, Macclesfield.) T. C. Kinross. (St. Andrew's, Woking.) R. L. Pengelly. (Goudhurst School, Goudhurst.) P. J. Pilzer. (Marsh Court, Stockbridge.) GREAVES SCHOLARSHIP: "H. G . Williams. (King's House, Richmond.)

â&#x20AC;¢ Already in the School

UNiVERSITY SCHOLARSHlPS A. J. Briggs, State Scholarship. S. N. Burbridge, State Scholarship. M. A. Chawner, State Scholarship. D. Clift, State Scholarship. P. Dawson, State Scholarship. W. E . Eustace, State Scholarship. C. W. Freyer, State Scholarship. G. Hamber, State Scholarship. B. D. S. Lock, State Scholarship. B. D. A. Phillips, State Scholarship. D. H. Taylor, State Scholarship. R. G. Milne, State Scholarship. D. H . Taylor, Open Exhibition in Natural Science to Queen's College Oxford. B. D. S'. Lock, Open Exhibition in Classics to New College, Oxford. ' A. J. Bflggs, Open Exlllb,tlOll III Natural SCIence. to Pembroke College, Ca mb ridgc. W. E. Eustace, Open ExhIbItIOn In HISto ry to Trtnity Hall , Cambridge. P. H. Moss, Open ExhIbItIOn to HIstory to Clare College, Cambridge. G. F. Nash, Open Scholarshil.' in Natural Science to Wadham College, Oxford . M. A. Chawner, Open Exh IbItI on to MathematICs to Sidney Sussex College Cambridge. ' S. N . Burbridge, Parker Exhibition in History to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. B. D. S. Lock, Open ClaSS Ical Scholarship to Magdalen College Oxford. B. 1. G. Hyatt, Open History Exhibition to St. Jolm's College, Oxford. K. D . Agnew, Mason ScholarshIp (H IS!.) to Jesus College, Cambridge. P. Dawson, Open HIstory ScholarshIp to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. B. S. Salmon, Choral ScholarshIp to St. John's College, Cambridge. B. CaSSIdy, Choral ExhIbItIOn to St. Cathertne's College Cambridge S. N. Burbridge, Open History Scholarship to Christ Ch'urch Oxford. N. Paine, Open Scholarship in Natural Science to Trinity Col lege, Oxford. C. W. Freyer, Open ScholarshIp to HIstory to Lincoln College, Oxford. 165

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SCIENCE AND THOUGHT on physical science a Criti9ue of Pure Reason,

Kant ca lled his work while his Critique oj Practical Reason is concerned with moral expenenc~. This seems stra nge, to us ; that it does so shows that we are still th inking to a certa m extent along the hnes of 19th century materialism, which rega rded "scientific facts". alone as rea l, and all other thought merely as metaphys ical a bstraction. Professor C,?llmgwood pleads for the oneness of th ought; he attempts a rapprochement between sCience a nd philoso phy, between SClence and religion, ultimately, of course, between sCience and history.

" In the 19th century a fas hio n grew up or separating nat ural scientists and philosophers into professio na l bodi es, each kn owing little abo ut the others' work, a nd havmg httle sympa th y with it. It is a bad fas hio n that has do ne h a rm to both sides, a l~d o n both sides there is an earn est desire to see the last of It, a nd to bridge the gul f of mlsundersta ndmg it has crea ted." Ideas evolve, and our concep tion of the uni ve rse is a ~ is to ri ca l process. B oth .sc!ent~sts

a nd philosophers have contributed to this process-lildeed there .was no dIStinctIO n between the two. T he "scientist" Pythago ras has contnbuted to philoso phy the Idea of nature in ter-Ins not of mind not of matter, but of form, which IS perhaps the greatest single idea in the whole evol~tion of the idea of natu re; yet that was a " philoso phical:' concepti on. Simila rl y the " phi loso pher" Anstotle gave the M idd le Ages almost thel/' sole idea of scientific know ledge. In modern times Hobbes was ~ geo,metn clan, .D escartes a mathemat ician, Locke a psychologist, and Bacon defies classl fic~tlO~; and m no way

do Co pernicus, Ga lileo, Newton, Edd ingto n, Whitehead or Emstem deserve to be deprived the tit le of philoso phers. Philosophy seeks the mea ning, the p attern, . the purpose (if a ny) of li fe, the na ture or "Â˘U",," of life, which is o bvio usly not observa ble. 111 the sCientIfic s~nse: Yet a l~y attem pt to seek philosophic tru th witho ut first ta kln/? mto acco un t sClenllfic fact IS ridi cul o us; a philosophical solutio n to any problem whIch IS dnÂˇectly contrary to known fac t is obvio usly false. Science is the fo undatIO n of phil oso phy; philoso phy cannot begin without science; science is inco mplete WIthou t phil osoph y.

It is necessa ry, however, to distinguish betwet:n l o~ica~ a l~d l~ i s tOi:j ca l precedence ; so metim es ph iloso phi ca l i ntuition has anticipated Its sCIentific jus tificatIOn . .Thu~ H e/?el co uld conceive nature as a growi ng organism, whose very forms ~ere evolvm g, In spIte of the fact that contemporary science taught that n~att~ r was dead, Hlcapable of evolu.tI ~m,

but o nl y of exact reproduction. Lt could be maliltamed that o ne of the most st"klllg examples of such jn tuition was St. A ugustine's a ntici patIOn of so methmg lI ke the posltlOn of modern physics when he said that "God is activity". Very broad ly, there have been two fundamental co ncep~i ons of the universe; it is either

so mething like an organism, or something like a machme. The Greeks o n the whole ad mitted that it was impossible to explain the ul1l verse Without IIw~ntll1g so m~ sort of God as the so urce either of its crea ti on, its li fe or its ideal. I f nature IS an orgal11 sm, God tends to be identified with it. God is the universal subs tance, w hatever that may be; some kin d of matter, if mind is explicable in terms of matter ; so me kind of mind, if 166

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matter is expli cable in terms of mind; or some subs tance in which alone mind and ma tter meet, if they seem com pl etely irreco ncilable. At any rate. God is the self-c reated universe of which we are a pa rt, and there is no necd to look beyo nd that.

Ie on

the oth er hand, the un iverse is a machine, a "vis" and not an "a nima", God

(by definition, surely, an "an ima") can have no place inside it. God exists outside his universe,. i!s creato r, perhaps, but, as science beco mes more confident, a non-in terfering, soon a dlsmterested crea tor, who beco mes more and more re mote so that by the end of

the 19th century He does not ex ist at a ll. T his q uestion is very closely related to that of free will a nd dete rminism. Modern science seems to provide no clear answer ; or rat her it provides a great va riety of conflictin g answers. M ost modern psychology is th oro ughl y determini st, and ten ds to throw doubt upon th e uniqueness of man's mind and to deny th e freedo m of hi s will ; sta rtin g frol11 ex periments w hich we re in terpreted as showin g that animals are mere a uto mata, Pavlov and later Behaviouri sts have arri ved at similar conclusions with regard to human beings; most psycho-analysts, while not going so fa r as to deny th e ex istence of mind, emphasize

that instinct and im pul se a re the fu ndame ntal facto rs of o ur persona lities, a nd free will tends to be regarded as a facade, which provides rationa l j ustifi catio n for dec isions a lready taken by our subconscious, over which we have no co ntro l. Physics, on the other hand, once the cha mpion of materialist determi nism, is now much

less sure of itself. Matter is no longer hard, o bvious a nd simple. . "Modern ma tter'\ says C. E. M. l oad, " is something infi ni tely attenuated and el usive ; it is a hu mp in space time, a ' mush' of electricity, a wave of probabi li ty undulati ng into nothingness; sometim es it turn s out to be not matter at all, but a proj ecti on of the consciousness of its perceiver." Reali ty is no longer limited to likeness to the things we ca n see or to uch, and so there is room for wider views; value may be real, and so may the objects of ethical, artis ti c or religious consciousness. Ph ysics no longer contradicts religion. Similarly evo lutionary bi ology is often now interpreted as a crea ti ve and purposeful process ra th er than a resul t

of chance. Wh atever conclusions sci ence may lead to, however, no-o ne now contes ts th e right to

reaso n upon such matters. The doctrine of timid piety, which, a fra id that fo nd beliefs may be demolished by scientific resea rch, declares that there a re myste ries into which we must not pry, or that God's ways are past finding o ut, is, it is to be ho ped, o ut of fas hio n. It is exploded with sarcasm, fo r insta nce, by Coll ingwood: "You d ragged the na me of God into yo ur cosmology, because yo u tho ught you coul d conj ure with it. Yo u now fi nd you cannot; which proves, not that God is grea t, but that yo u a re a bad j uggler. " l AR ROW

167

" THE CANTUARTAN

THE WONDER IS . From the Headmaster of Stratford-on-Avon Grammar School. The Grammar School, Stratford-on-Avon. Lady Day, 1579. To Alderman John Shaxpere, Henley Slreet, Stratford-an-Avon.

I.. ,

:11"

II.

I'" ,

III

ll':~

My dear Alderman, I have just received your letter in which you give notice (rather short notice, if I may say so) of the withdrawal of your so n, William, from the School at the end of this term. While regretting that you should do this through stress of financial difficulties I cannot agree with you that it is a pity that he should leave school thus early. I was, In fact, on the point of writing to you to suggest that it is quite time that he left and began. to taste some of the realities of life. I have been here, as you know, only a very short t.me, but from what I have heard- and indeed from what I have seen for myself- I cannot think it merely a coincidence that there have now been as many as five headmasters during the eight years of your boy's attendance at this School. The only traits of his personality that he has allowed me to see are: an extreme unwillingness to come to school, and in consequence an incorrigible habit of unpunctuality; and an equally incorrigible tendency to truancy, whether indulging in doubtful escapades in the countryside and incurring the very natural annoyance of the honest Warwickshire village constables whom he seems to delight in mocki ng when they are about their lawful purposes, or in a most undesirable association with the disreputable vagabond players by whom this town is incessantly infested. It is from these, I imagine, that he has picked up a superficially clever skill in mimicry which is mostly employed in unwarrantable derision of his masters. He has recently varied this silly form of amusement by sending an outrageously ill-mannered letter to Mr. Holford, my senior classical master, addressed to the Reverend Jud-as Maccabaeus Holofel'lles. This was signed "custard" (sic); but it was not difficult to detect its authorship (if r may use that word in such a context) by internal evidence of the calligraphy and style (again if such a word can be held to be relevant to such an ill-written piece of arrogant contumely). I cannot be surprised that the opinion of the Common Room is unanimous (concordia discors--<:rede mihi 1) that if he were to leave school at the earliest possible moment it would probably be to his advantage and most certainly to that of the School. If there were a gli mmer of pr,?mise in. his work it would be a different matter. I have asked the masters who teach him to give me a report of his ability and progress. It will s.ave much space if I say that everyone of them comments on his hand writing, but no doubt you have suffered from that yourself. The following are the reports I have received. ENGLlSH.- My colleagues suggest that this must be his best subject, and I admit that there are faint traces of ability here and there, especially in his verse composition which he turns out with facile fluency and most unfitting indelicacy. He is unbelievably careless and I doubt whether he has ever revised anything that he has written. He cannot spell his own name, or it wou ld be truer to say that he can spell it in so many ways that none 168

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of us know what his name is. (If this boy is to stay here, or if he has any brothers coming to the School, may I suggest that we affix an official and permanent symbol to this family? The Rotulus has never been helpful, as every headmaster has had his own theory on this matter. I see that you write "Shaxpere"; yo ur predecessor favoured "Shakespeer'" the boy's own latest composition seems to be inscribed "wil shags per"). Whatever hi ~ name may be, he bre.aks every rule of gram mar and defends himself with the impertinent re~ort that anyone With an~ sense at all would kn?w what he means. He invents his own prInc~ples ~?) o.f punctuatIOn; hiS vocabulary .s amazingly extensive and still more ~mazmgly Ill-SUited for a boy of hiS age. He has a curious trick of writing almost entirely In metaphor whICh IS often fantastic and somet.mes beyond all limits of decency. What I find most exasperating IS hIS Intellectual insolence. I have before me an essay on "Gorboduc"- one of the set plays for this year's G.C.E. (0 level)- and so far as I can read them here are the first few lines: "gorbiduck has like all good plaies the silliest possible plot but, any playwrite with half a dram of guts could have made something of it but not those two senecan dotards Nort?n and Sackful who have contrived by their stilted iams and nauzeatmg aliteratlOn to make a play that must remind the audiance of the stuffed kmd of portrets that our local sign painters make of our wo rshipful aldermen. " Need I say more? LATlN.-But little. GREEK.-Less. FRENcH.- He treats this la nguage with undisguised hila rity. H1ST<!Ry.-Shaksper reads widely, but with more imagination than attention to facts. I have Just been trymg to deCipher hIS test-paper on the ridiculous subject set for the Certificate thIS. year- Scotllsh HIStorY, 843 to 1153-:and I find his factual knowledge confused. and maccurate beyo~d belief.. HIS readmg m RO.man History is considerably !'lore frUitful than that m the hIStory of hIS own country, which IS entirely distorted by his Irresl'0nslbl~ lI1~agmatlOn. He has, dUring the term, done one really good piece of work a qUite fascll1atmg essay on the Salic Law. ' GEOGRAPHY.-This boy Shackspere simply refuses to take this subject seriously. For ~wo terms h~ has been studymg (or does he study?) the Mediterranean Lands for this Certificate that IS commg along soon, and in the last paper I set he obtained exactly o marks out .of 50. He thInks (or does he thmk ?) that Delphi is an island and that Bermuda, which IS seldom out of the headlines, is somewhere in the Mediterranean. He lounges m class a nd pays no attention to what we are doing, and if asked a question he wakes ul' and says Padu~ .. I do not want to be dlScouragmg, but my candid answers to your questIOns are: hIS ability IS ml, and to talk of his progress just makes me laugh. MATHEMATlCS.- 1 haye frequently told you that this Shagsper cuts nearly every lesson . I hardly know him by S1g.ht. I have seen work of his, but it is nonsense; and when I have given l~ back to him ,,:~th 0 he puts on that silly (what I expect he thinks artistic) affectation a'.ld mmces, Ah,. that crooked figure again". I don't know what he thinks he means. I Imagme that he IS bemg funny and rude at the same time. I rejoice when he does cut my classes. I thmk he IS much better employed in poaching or gaping at those play-actors.

* 169

THE CAN T UA RI AN I feel sure th at yo u will realise that yo ur decision, ho wever lamentable the cause, is o ne tha t will in no way ha rm the boy. I wish him w ha t success he can achieve in wha tever career he takes up , t ho ugh I find it difficult to think of one that he is likely to illuminate. As I look back on o ur very brief and fa r from happy associatio n, and read through these reports by my colleagues, I ca n only add that to me it is a wo nder th at he has stayed so long. Yo urs very sincerely,

(Unfortunately the signature is entirely illegible )

THE O.K.S. DESCENT OF H.M. THE QUEEN I. RICHARD BOYLE, O.K.S. , 1ST EARL OF COR K, born 1566, died 1643 : married 2nd ly. 1603, Ca therine, who died 1629, da ughter of Sir Geoffrey Fenton. 2. RI CHAR D BOYLE (eldest so n), 2ND EARL OF CORK (created 1664 Ea rl of Burlington). born 1612, d ied 1697: married 1635, Lady Elizabet h C liffo rd , who died 1698, daughter of Henry, 5th Earl of Cu mberla nd . 3. CHARLES BOYLE (seco nd b ut eldest su,vivi ng so n), VISCOUNT D UNGARVON, born 1639, died (i n his father's life-time) 1694: married 1st, 1661 , La d y Ja ne Seymour, who died 1679, dau ghter o f Will iam, 2nd Duke of Somerset. 4. C HARLES BOYLE (e ldest so n), 3RD EARL OF CORK and 2N D EARL OF BURLI NGTON, born before 1674, died 1704: married 1688, Ju liana Noel, who died 1750, da ughter of the Hon. He nry Noel a nd gra nddaughte r of the 3rd Viscount Ca mpden . 5. RICHARD BOYLE (eldest so n) 4TH EARL OF CO RK a nd 3RD EARL OF BUR LINGTO N, bo rn 1695, di ed 1753; married 1720, Lady Doroth y Saville, who di ed 1758, da ughter of William, 2nd M a rq ui s of H a li fax. 6. LADY C HARLOTI'E BOYLE (o nl y sur viv in g c hild), BARONESS C LIFFORD (in her ow n right) , born 173 1, di ed 1754.: married 1748 , William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devo nshire. who died 1764. 7. LADY DOROT HY CAVEN DISH (o nl y da ugh ter) , born 1750, died 1794: married 1766, Willia m Henry Cavendi sh Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Po rtland (Prime Minister 1783 and 1807), who died 1809 . 8. LORD WI LLIA M C HARLES AUG UST US CAVENDISH-BENTINC K (3rd son ), born 1780, died 1826: married 2ndl y 18 16, Anne Wellesley, who di ed 1875 , daughter of Richard, Marqui s Wellesley. 9. TH E REV. CHARl.ES WILLIAM FREDERI CK CAVEN DlSH-BBNTl NCK (e lder so n), born 1817, di ed 1865 : married 2ndly, 1859, Ca ro line Louisa, who di ed 1918, daughter of Edwyn Barnaby , of Baggravc Hall, Leicesters hire. 10. N INA CECILI A CAVEN DISH-BENTINCK (eldest daughter), born 1862, died 1938: married 188 1, Cla ude George Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore a nd Kinghorne, who' died 1944. 170.

,..... ::>

z 0 zz

'"vi"' ':E"

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11. Lady Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon (H.M. QUEEN !;:UZARETH, THE QUEEN MOTHER) (4th daughter) born 1900: II1m.,.;ed 1923, H.M. King George VI ; who died 1952. 12. H. M. QUEEN EUZAilETH 11, born 1926. Richard Boyle, Ist Earl of Cork, from whom the present Queen is the eleventh in descent, was a boy at the King's School during the reign of Elizabeth 1. His fami ly had had no connection with either Ireland or Canterbury. The Boyles came originally from Herefordshire, but the earl's father moved to Preston near Faversham and there married in 1564 Joan, the daughter of Robert Naylor of Canterbury. Their eldest son, "the great Ea rl of Cork", was born in Canterbury on 13th October, 1566. From King 's he went to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and thence to the Middle Temple, but finding himself without means or prospects he migrated to I reland. He landed at Dublin on Mids ummer's Eve, 1588- just a month after the Armada- havi ng not hing else, so he confessed, 'except ÂŁ27 3s. Od . in money, a diamond ring, a bracelet and his wearing appare l. His long and successful career in his new home can be traced in the D. N.B. Great ad ministrative ability, energy and intelligence raised him to the position of Lord Treasurer of Ireland and led to his being created a baron in 1616 and t.hen to his being given the earldom of Cork in 1620 ; whilst two fortunate marriages, and a well-developed business instinct which enabled him to purchase Sir Walter Raleigh's vast 'estates in South Ireland for a mere ÂŁ 1,000, established his wealth and fortune. He died at Youghall in 1643, leaving fifteen children, all of them remarkably able. Four of his sons were elevated to the peerage, whilst the seventh, Robert Boyle the philosopher, is immortalised for the celebrated law of thermo-dynamics which bears his name. Of his eight daughters, only the youngest died unmarried: the rest allied themselves to some of the most distinguished noblemen of the day, the eldest becoming the Countess of Barrymore, the second Lady Digby, the third Lady Goring, the fourth the Countess of Kildare, the fifth Viscountess Ranelagh, the sixth Lady Loftus and the seventh the Countess of Warwick. Not for nothing did the Boyles choose for their family motto the words: ".God's Providence is my Inheritance", . , ." ,.: _.~ : , . . , S.B-R .P .

MOST WOMEN TO MOST MEN When you turn from us at morning

We do not follow To the tower of knowledge, studio, factory; Only carefully, each with her nature, we fill the hollow Shell of the day, and, often abstractedly. Bind life together with earth and water and fire. But you live apart When the tidal wave of desire Has broken over the heart. 171

if THE CANTUARJAN

SOMETHING OF NO IMPORTANCE Important books and magazines are all very well, but I was browsing the other day through something of no importance, something which has no use, something which is not profound, is not funny, is. almost unknown, is old and worthless and yet is quite delightful. In the Walpole Collection there are six manuscript copies of th~ Juvenile Magazine, a magazine which has never been printed, is hardly worthy of print and was certainly never intended for the public. ' They are for the first six months of 1792 and no doubt after that the editor tired of her exertions; for the Juvenile Magazine was compiled for grown-ups by children, who tire of their activities with notorious celerity. I t all began when Fanny Burpey wrote "To Miss Sophia Burney," This is to certify that Miss Sophia Burney is formally and indispensably under engagement to send to Miss F. Burney spinster All the news and All the nonsence she can either suggest, by 'collecting her scattered senses,' or gather, by summoning all manner of perso ns to 'lend their aid. She has leave to summon all her brightest ideas, and to beg the brightest of all the House-and she has' leave to transmit all the most stupid and groveling that occur to her, and all of the same stamp she hears uttered. And she is hereby enjoined to se nd ofT a sheet a week to Aylsham, according to this agreement, conta ining whatsoever she can compose-begborrow- or steal. All will be welcome. Witness my Hand F.B." Fanny Burney, a member of London's intellectual a nd literary circle, a friend of Garrick and Doctor Johnso n, a no velist and essayist, wo uld natu ,ally encourage the literary leanings of her niece, who set to work with a will to compile a maga zine of the poetry a nd stories, playlets and puzzles of her young friends Susanna, Margaretta Loveden, Francisca, and one David Doggerell, Esq., who was perhaps fictitious, while a more mature mind wrote articles on scientific experiments and signed himself

"Philosoph us" . The Juvenile Magazine, we are informed, was ready for delivery on the last day of every month, but I doubt if it was, for in the May iss ue is a poem dated August 8th, 1792 "On the Birth of Amelia Marie B ... August 5th. 1792", and it is signed F.B. Fanny, the obliging aunt, prob~bly dashed off this poem for Sophia Eliza to include. Despite the fact that the French Revolution had reached its dizzy climax and Wordsworth had written "Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive But, to be young was very heaven."

Fanny's poem speaks clear the guarded conservatism of the Augustan age. She was a woman of fort y, ill in tune with the growing romanticism. Her sober warnings of the vicissitudes of life remind one of Johnson and his opinion : "How small of all th at human hea rts endure, That part which kings or laws can cause or cure." It is improbable th at Fanny's poem has ever been printed and while it is not of the first order, it possesses a certain smooth running qua lity and a simplicity which make it worth quoting: 172

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"Youngest of our num'rous race! Fair in form and fair in face Now life's toi lsome tedious chase Sweet babe thou hast begun.

Lovely cause of joy and tears Parents hopes and anxious fenrs Many long and ling'ring years Hast thou perhaps to run. , And should kind providence decree Fell sorrow's face thou ne'er shoulds't see Far happier thy lot will be On earth than rarely seen. For life is full of pain and care And though the blossom is so fair Yet cankering grief is often there And kills the heart with in .. . .. . But, dear Amelia, far from thee May fell rem o rse a nd sorrow flee Mays't thou enjoy felicity Unhurt by fortune's frown.

Thy guileless innocence a char", Securing thee from every harm Will all the force of Death disarm And yield an heavenly crown.

Each of the six num ~ers is in a small exe rcise book and (s written in a scrawly hand. Each has a flim sy blue c9ve~ wh ich boldly ~nnounces in a hurried printing its title and all !,he deta Ils of the publIcatIOn. Each IS ,?rna~ented with an elegant engraving" or emb~lh shed wit h a beautiful copper plate ; pictures of M rs. Siddons a nd George III a nd hiS famIly at the PI:I;mouth naval review ar~ a~ong them. There is a correspondence column at the beglllnlll~ of each copy which IS signed SImply, F. If it was not Sophia Eliza ~e, 0 1 she, could}v ld~ntl y afford to be se,lecttve and even ~cid in rejecting unwanted materIal. One poem IS trIte and vulgar and IS by far too puerIle to merit insertion even III the JuvenI le Ma ~az ine": F. decided that "Amicus muÂ§t pardon us if we find his productIOns too unmterestllll! to the !:lenerality of our readers to merit a place in our collectIOn. Th~y would considerably IIlcrease the size of our numbers without adding anythmg to theIr beautY''' S~l vania's work was. likewise rejected; "It must be confessed that we are under IIlfinIte obhgatlons to SylvanIa for her favours, which however we are necessitated to declme, for they are composed of such a profusion of wild unconnected Ideas, and romantic flights, (doubtless th ose of genius) that it is little probable that they should be 1I1terestlllg to the generahty of our readers who we Imagine being inhabitants of thiS world look for s ~bstance rathe~,than shadow. " F. was not without a dry sense of humour and concluded III March that the most remarkableÂˇthing that can be said of this month's occurences is that nothing worth remarking happened." Whether F. was in 173

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fact Sophia Eliza is a matter of mere conjecture, but Sophia when she put her name to a story or poem owned but fourteen years and the writer of the magazine possessed a surprisingly well developed hand for a fourteen year old, moreover F. owned a very acid tongue for so young a child. However, perhaps, like the Brontes in their magazines, Sophia wrote all or most of the contents and preferred to attribute them to imaginary authors. It do~s not much matter but most probably the Juvenile Magazine was written by an elder sister or friend of Sophia, compiled from the work of a number of young friends. The children padded out the Magazine with selected prose and poetry. In March a poem of Andrew Marvell , called "The Wounded Fawn" is acknowledged and "it may prove useful". This poem, which is to be found in a book of lesser known poetry by lesser known poets, was duly printed in the next issue. Perh.a ps one of Fanny's literary friends had found it in manuscript and so sent it along or considered that it was just about the standard of the Juvenile Magazine.

Sophia Eliza was most adept at writing romantic talys of long lost loves and of perilous adventures; the History of Blind Jack, the Un lawfu l Marriage, the History of Walter Scarecrow, and a legendary tale of Egbert and Ellen in verse, thi rty-four stanzas long. The most amu.sing is probably the story of the Brimstone Matches wh ich turn out to be the marriages of four sisters from Brimstone Lodge in the neighbourhood of Brightbrimstone, to four young men.

The verses are many and mediocre ; the best is a simple little ballad called Patty of the Plain. Black was the coat young Sandy wore When dancing on the green. His waistcoat brown, with border grey And stockings- far from clean. Young Patty was his favo rite lass The pride of every lane And when he sang he squa ll ed the praise Of Patty of the plain.

j I I

Stuft was the gown yo un g Patty wore When dancing on the green; Her apron checked, her bonnet straw Which made her look so mean.

To yonder ch urch the lovers wellt And Hymen bound the chain Which a ll his life young Sandy worc For Pally' of the Plain. The children's poetry was not good because it wa s not usually natural or spontaneous, a nd they failed to replace this deficiency by wit, polish and planning in emulation of the classical poets .

. The magazines present a channing picture of Sophia Eliza and her friends, pooling their efforts for Fanny Burney a nd no dpubt receiving her encouragement. Today they stand 174

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,.:

Vl -(

'-' 70:

.. 0

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Q 0 0

] A CAMPER

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forgotte n on a shelf in the Walpole Collection room and they have probably been read but once since Sir Hugh added them to his collection at Brackenburn. They have con-

tinued to exist by accident. In the back of the number for January there is a letter to Captain James Burney, signed F. B. d'Arblay and dated 18 14. "We shall go through London", wrote Fanny, "for our passport and to sec you. Let your wife, to whom my

kind love, yo ur daughter and if possible your son help to wish us well on our way". If James Burney's daughter was Sophia Eliza, she was now a woman of thirty-four, her aunt was sixty-two and the Juvenile Magazine was almost forgotten already.

]

A PORTRAIT The School Scanda l-monger in the morning is a studious person: he drifts from study to study. He simulates a facade of friendliness and indifference to other people's business: yet therein lurks an interest that knows no bounds. By stea lth of hand and sleight of eye he ruffles through the pages of yo ur diary, " microfilms" the contents of yo ur letters and consumes the secrets of your drawers. Behind that Times imparti ality hides a Sabbath paper's lust for lurid detail.

"Morning Break" for him is a crowded time. He hovers about the notice-boards, putting the most pessimistic constructions on the merest coincidences, publicly scatters the seeds from his bounteous horn of Detraction, receives the salutations and offerings. of the apprentices to his art and returns to hi s House to barter fresh wares at the altar of Sneerwell. At mid -afternoon he is to be found holding court in any of the tea-houses in the town ; yet he shows a preference for those th at ha ve nooks and cra nnies, arrasses and wingchairs, wherei n he may impart the imperial secrets with impunity and press the timid

fo llowers of the goddess Rumour. He eats no cakes for his palate is not sweet: he takes lemon in his tea to give barb to his tongue and spreads anchovy on his toast to add relish

to the feast. As he listens to the carping of others, he quietly stirs his tea and slit-eyed contemplates the whirl ing China leaves: yet when his own turn is come to tell the tale, the eyes are wide and eager, the mouth is dangerously curled, the finger of calumny is pointed. Syllables of correction and denial are mel with contemptuous, "impossible" flick s of the hand: the Scandal-monger has a Divine Right to knowledge. When prep is over and the day's damage done, he summons his closest disciples to his soil'ee- "Ia litterature la pretexte, Ie cailletage Ie but". At every gesture a reputation dies. He then retires to bed to reflect upon his spiteful happiness and to meditate his Muse of epigram. The Scandal-monger is a much desired, but not a desirable person.

B.D.S.L, HS

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UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIPS From "The Times Educational Supplement" for 15th May, 1953:The following schools have won five or more awards during the past year:-

Manchester G.S ... .

Winchester Rugby St. Paul's .,. Bristol G.S. Eton

Cambridge Oxford Scllol. Exllib. Scllol. Exllib. To/iii 10 7 16 3 36

4 9

5 2

23 21

5 8

5 4

6 3 2 6 2 4

10 10 10

Clifton King's School, Canterbury

4 3 6

Ampleforth Shrewsbury

2 4

2 5

Marlborough

Charterhouse Wellington Christ's Hospital . .. Kingswood Oundle Westminster Harrow K.E.S., Birmingham Bradford O.S. Fettes C. of London Glenalmond

Sedbergh ... University C.S. Brentwood Liverpool lnst. H.S. Malvern ... ... . .. Merchant Taylors, London

Mill Hill Newcastle R.O.S. Reading ... Wolverhampton O .S. Ald. Newton's, Leicest~r Downside .. . Dulwich .. . Felsted K.E. VII, Sheffield Latymer U .S. . .. Liverpool Collegiate Maidstone O.S. . .. Northampton 0.8. Repton Sherborne ... Wyggeston

4 3 6

o 2 I

20 20 20 16 16 14 12 II II

6 2 4

2 3 I

I I 2

2 I I

8 8 8

7 7

I 4 2 I 2

3 0 3 I 2

I 2 0 3 3 0 2

3 2 2 2 3

o 4

2 I 3 I 0 I

2 4

0 0

I I

0 0

t 2 2

4 2 I I 2 J

I I

o 2

0 0 0

4 2 2

I I I

o o o

o 4

o o 2

0 0

I 3 4

3 3

0 2 I 0 2 2 2 0

7 6 6 6 6

6 6 6 6 5 5 5

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

176

THE CANTUARIAN

WALPOLIANA The Walpole Collection includes a slim volume, evidently bought by Sir Hugh from Archibald Philip, Earl of Rosebery, and entitled Walpoliana, or a Few Anecdotes of Sir Robert Walpole, by Philip, Second Earl of Hardwicke. The copy we ha ve, according to the catalogue note, was one of a few copies issued before the first edition for some friends of the writer; it is dated 178 1, whereas the first public issue was in 1783. [t was Horace Walpole's copy, and the book being printed o n only one side of the paper, he wrote in many comments and corrections. The copy is signed by him. The Introduction states that "these anecdotes of Sir Robert Walpole are not complete". Here there is an inked cross to draw our attention to Horace Walpole's note which is worth quoting la.gely. " This trifling Piece was written by Philip Yorke, second Earl of Hardwick, who was in the right to call it incomplea t. It is so indeed , even in the truth of

some of the Facts, and in spirit too, for tho' evidently meant to convey an unfavourable

impression of the Person described, the colouring is timid, and more is left to Insinuation than is conveyed4Jy the Writing, under pretence of 'Delicacy to Descendants, which implies that worse,could have been said . Unless worse had been dared, or more imporlant matters disclosed;. it was little worth the Author's while to print so futile and jejune a rhapsody. The most remarkable point of the whole is, that the Author, who had had such opportunity Qf better information, should have been so extremel y ignorant of the most remarkable transactio n that he mentions- viz., the' manner s of Sir Robert' s retaining

his post on the death of George 1st. "As the great and almost only business of the Second Lord Hardwicke's life was to collect, purchase, amass State-papers and Anecdotes, and as he has published three a mple Quartos filled with the most unimportant rubbish, a nd as this little piece is a proper codicil to those Tomes, by being equally insignificant; his Head seems to have resembled a Sieve so fine, that tho' it may take up a mass of Stones a nd Dirt, yet transmits nothing but Dust and the most minute particles." This none too flattering introduction to the piece is followed by another, an anecdote about Hardwicke's brother. It must be noted that their father was Lord Chancellor. "Charles Yorke, 2nd son of the Chancellor, had been nursed up by himself and Family in the hope of being the second Chancellor of that House. The moment did awake for his being so. George 3rd, in one of his embarassed situations, sent for Yorke and offered him the seals of which he was so desirous: but it happened that He himself, his Brother Hardwicke and their Friends were of a Faction opposite to the King's Views, and Charles was forced to decline the great obje.ct of his life and wishes. The King persisted and used such vehement supplications, and even threats, that if he then rejected the Seals, He should indubitably never have them, that the poor man could not resist and did accept them. From Court he hasted to his Brother ... Lord Hardwicke flew into such a rage . . . that the unhappy victim that very evening put a violent period to his own existence- and yet Lord Hardwicke, tho' the politics of the Court re mained the same, approved or another Brother's accepting a Mitre, and the whole family remained zealous courtiers I " Of the various stories and notes about Sir Robert's life. few are new or of interest, but there are severa l worth noting, either for their humour or for their general historical interest. This, for instance, speaks of the ill-fated Peerage Bill which attempted to

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preclude a ny increases in the numbers of Peers: Sir Robert used to relate, that at first he despaired of throwing out the Peerage Bill, but soon he concel~ed. hopes of rejecting Âˇit, by hearing one country gentleman say to another 10 the House-

true, we have no

chance; but why should we preclude our sons?'. Lord Hard wicke shows complete ignorance of the circumsta nces of Walpole's conti nued tenure of office under George II, and Horace Walpole of Course makes fin e ammun ition of the lapse. H orace's account is substantiated by Lord Hervey's Memoirs: both state that George II 's candidate, Sir Spencer Compton, being unequal to the task of writing the Kin g's Speech to the Privy Council, he had to seek Sir Robert's assistance. This Sir Robert told the Queen, "who obserVing to the KlIlg that he was gOing to remove a man in favour of one who was red uced to make use of that very man's assistance, there was no more question of Sir Spencer, who was indemnified by an Earldom."

Hardwicke makes the penultimate paragraph of the whole work an opportunity to 'extol his father: ," Sir Robert had no taste for reading .... It was not the case with Lord :Hardw icke, who read over Thllanus in the o riginal when he was o ut of business." Thi s was H orace Walpole's perfect opportunity. In the margin, "very important hl formatio n! " is his tfite comment, but th e opposite page is very revealing. " Reading was not the soleÂˇ amusement of that retired statesman r H iHd ~ i cke]. Th~re was a mad

' j

and most wealth y widow, a Co untess of Montrath, wlio reSided at TWlckenham ... . Chancellor Hardwicke, in his yo uth very handso me and amourous.. was supposed to have

had an early Intrigue wi th Her; tho' latterly. she had more devotIOn to Bacchus than)o Love. With that al most Lunatic did the gra ve Chancellor keep lip such a connection.

that to the end of his li fe he very frequently passed his Saturdays a nd Sundays at her Villa , where She scarce saw anybody else, so insa tiate was his Avarice and hope of a la rge legacy . ... On that unsuitable connection was wri tten these lines . ... : H ere solemn Yorke steal s do wn, and picking

Each sa bbath day his temperate chicken, To mad Montrath's luxurious arms Let out his magisterjai charms,

And while the maudlin Peeress fills, Insjnuates Dew codicils."

We may well say that the Walpoles have the last wo rd rat her than the Hard wickes, but well they might with so redoubtable a protagonist as Horace. P.H .M.

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BITTENICHT STOEREN AN OBSCURE LUTE NIST CO MPOS ER Those who listened to the regal recita l by Alfred Binks on the BBC Third Programme at 11.45 on the second Sunday of last February, ca nnot fail to have missed the delightful little cantus that ended the recital. It was of course Bittenicht Storen's Gaudeamus 19itur in B flat. But how ma ny people know the thrilling history that lies behind this little tune "coloured dark-blue tinged with yellow"? Stoeren probably did more to change the trend of early X I11th century music than any other of his East Germa n contemporaries. He is often known as "the mystery composer", and it is under thi s name that Odington

the biogra pher refers to him. Thus it is significa nt that his late r wo rks should be invariably dark blue tinged with yell ow. Bittenicht Stoeren is believed to have becn born , but not even H affn er has fo und any indication as to where and when thi s occurred ; we do, however, know he died (probabl y

in 1263 or maybe 127?). He is first mentioned by name as " Bit: Storen" in the Kerkerliste at the Leipsic gaol in 122? Haffner says he was a chOirboy at the St. Alsbald-uGodeliebskirche, where he was later choirmaster for a short while. His musical upbringing soon bore fruit. It is now an. un~oubted fact that he composed his well-known mass the great Missa papae Jeremall while he was not yet twenty years of age. This

I I

mass'is singular in the fact that it has a mai n theme tune continually on one note in the

bass, and any other part joins in ad lib. an augmented fourth or diminished fifth higher". There is a great gap between his dismissal from the Godeliebskirche and the nex t mention of him as the Bishop of Ulp in 123? It is believed he took holy orders in the interim. This is the advent of his Great Period. Bittenicht's great period is definitely the time his genius rea ll y began to show itself in its greatness. Had he had no great period, he would in all probability never have beco me as great (l think) as he is now. It was at this time (c. 12??) that he wrote his thesis on finality and the proslambdanomenos : Ueber Regal- v. Blasebalgm usikentlVicklung. This work is the last (and first) word on early "conductus" . I.t was unfortunately never published a nd the manuscript has never been found. This has led scholars and other people to believe the anony mous treatise in the Bodleian is definitely by Rossokovossovski and Barbaruss ki, ' a nd not by Forncett as Haffner suggested.

Stoeren was now in the middle of his blue-tinged-with-yello w period a nd he remained thus until he took to drink in 1257 and began his Pink Era, before his ultimate and timely death in 126? or 127? It is this dark-blue tinged with yellow that makes his music so fascinating. This "coioratura"t was noticed cven in B.S. 's life-time.

Pope

Honororius Xlll is recorded to have referred to his Liber Generationis Jesu Christi as an "ovum pollutum". Freud says it was the result of his father hitting his mother in the eye wi th a bottle of mead when he, Bittenicht Stoeren, was aged two. This is of course absolute nonsense; we all know that both his father and his mother died many years before he was born. My own theory is that he wo re blue-lensed spectacles a nd his neice (w ho li ved with him) suffered from the jaundice. This mllst have had a most harassing effect on his composing.

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And so, if and when yo u should hear an exquisite III Prillcipio in a blue monotone, yo u will not fa il immediately to recognise its composer, and yo u will indeed find it impossible to deny his hidden genius. Just thin k of his small insignifica nt tomb in the crypt of the great cathedra l at Ulp-am-Oeffel. His last years he spent in isolation and meditation- his final words were : "bray fo r me". He passed away surrounded by his many friends a nd hangers-on, who did not leave his bed-side till he finally crossed over to the melodious strains of his Requiescat, sung by the Bad Worms a nd District Choral Society. Let me just end by quoting Haffner: "Er war ein ... Man ... und lebte .... voll Musik und Gewissheit.. . ueber die ... Eintonigkeit und . .. Kirchmusikempfindungswert ... aber . .. ist ... todt". His works include : Cantatas 23 1; Canti 2; Canzonets 70; Masses l ; Motetts and Sonetts 301; Pieces for lute 0; Req uiescats 23; Te Deums t; a nd in the literary field: Ueber Regal- v. Blasebalgeorge1musikelllwickiullg (lost), Wecker & Sarburg 62/6. Bibliography : Die Weltallschauung Caspar Hduslers, by H. Haffner. SEMIRAMIS. * "A magnificent record in g of this mass has been made on Cetra by the choir of the Archestre Stabile Accademia de Santa Copelia."

t Stoeren probably originated this word .

REGINALD POLE The last Archbishop of Canterbury to own the Roman allegiance is bound to possess a fascination for us. Reginald Pole (l500- 58), for all that his li fe is well-documented, remains something of an enigma. This is not al together surprising, for he left no record of his most intimate thoughts and there are few anecdotes abo ut hi in to show what he was really like. As was the case with his cousin Elizabeth, whose reign he just fa iled to see, he carried the secrets of his personality to the grave. We know he was of a man of high ideals, brave, courteous, scholarly, loyal, unambi tious, ascetic, obstinate and

fanatical. Yet for all that no very clear picture emerges in our minds. Small wonder no adequate biography of him has ever been written. Over half his li fe was spent in Italy or France and it was an Italian who first published his literary works and remains. Nature clearly intended him for a scholar or even perhaps a Carthusian monk but destiny decided otherwise. Pole's ancestry, a veritable damllosa hereC/ilas, made a quiet and contemplative life impossible for him . There have been a number of Archbishops of Canterbury of aristocratic origin, but only two, Pole and Boniface of Savoy, the uncle of Henry Ill 's Queen, have been intimately connected with the royal house. Roth encountered a good dea l of opposition. 180

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. Not that the P,?les possessed an illustrious desc~nt in their own right. On the paternal Side they were qUIet landowners m BucklllghamshIre who had never risen above the ra nk of knight: and n o doubt Re~ina ld Pole wo uld have been a happier man if they had remamed so: HIS gra nd father s mar~lage to a da ugh ter of Sir Oliver St. John changed all that. Edith St. John- whose fam Ily were to cross the pages of history in a fa r more spectacular fas hion in the eighteent h century when they produced (the exact opposite of Re~inald Pole) the brillian t, atheistic, intriguer and politician Henry St. John, Viscoun t BolIngbroke- was a half sister of Margaret Bea ufort, Coun tess of Richmond, the mother of Henry. VI!. Not content wi th this link with the Crown, Pole's father, Sir Richard mamed (m 1494) Margaret Plantagenet, the co usin of Henry VII's Queen, Eliza beth of York. She was a daughter of that Duke of Clarence who was drowned in a butt of malmsey in l477. The new alliance, for all that it brought the Poles a set of quarterings which included the great medIaeval houses of NeVIll, Beauchamp, Montacute, Mortimer, DespellSer and Beaufort, was not quite so fo rtunate as the previolls o ne. Jt was no advantage in T udor times to be connected both with the York ists a nd the Lancastrians. Margaret Plantagenet's brother, the Earl of Warwick, was the las t prince of that house which had ruled England since Il54. As was inevita ble, Henry VII did not rest till the block removed this potentia l rival (1499). With the accession of Henry Vlll the fortunes of the Pole family began to revive. Lady Pole- her husband had dIed m l504-was created Countess of Salis bury and made governess to the y?y ng Princess Mary, and in 1529 the baronry of Montagu (o r Mo ntac ute) was revived fo r her eldest son. Mea."while Reginald, the yo un ger son, was being cared fo r. Henry VIII paid for his schoolIng at the Charterho use a t Shene a nd followed with interest his career a t Oxford where Linacre and Latimer were his tutors. A mass of benefices- for Reginald had bee~ destined for the Church from infancy- together with libera l gra nts fro m the Privy Purse enabled the yo ung scholar to proceed to Italy to complete his studies amongst the masters of the Renaissance. For five years Pole lived at Padua and his home was a centre of light aI!d learning. Among his distinguished correspondents were Erasmus, Wolsey and Contannr. In 1527 he returned to England and was made Dea n of Exeter. But he preferred the.quiet lire of a scholar and again .went abroad in l529, this time to Paris. Henry VIlI aga m prOVIded funds but told Pole 111 return to gat her the views of the Sorbonne abollt the validity of the marriage to Catherine of Aragon. This Pole did most reluctantly for his whole. family were partisans of the Queen a nd devoted to her only daughter: On hIS return 1111530 Henry offered Pole Wolsey's archbishopric but it was firmly decli ned. A stormy interview between them on the subject of the divorce fro m which Pole did his best to dissuade his master and benefactor put an end to relations between them . Pole again retired a broad and this time stayed away till 1554. This interval proved fa tal to Pole's family. For early in 1536 he published a book, De Uni/ate Ecc/esiaslica, summarising his views on the divorce. This gave great offence to Henry, who was further incensed when at the end of the year the Pope created Pole a Cardinal and in February, l537 entrusted him with legatine authority. This was the 181

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signal for the arrest of Pole's mother and brothers.. Lord Montagu was executed earl y in 1539 and a bill of attainder passed agamst the entI re fam~ly. The Countess of Saltsbury was spared till 1541 when at the adva nced age of 67 and wIth but a few hours notIce she was led out of the Tower and hacked to pieces on an improved block by a clumsy novIce.

"I am now", said her son (then at Viterbo). "the son of a martyr and we have one more patron in heaven",

The rema ining yea rs till Pole was summoned back to England in 1554 were spent in the Papal se rvice. He labou red hard at the. ope~mg seSSIOns of the CouncIl of Trent, was very nearly elected Pope in 1549 and was 10 ret"ement 10 a monasterÂĽ on Lake Garda when the news reached him of the death of Edward VI. Jultus III ImmedIately constItuted him legate to Queen Mary, but since the Emperor wished to marryPhilip to. Mary without delay, it was deemed that his prompt arrival in England mIght be IIlconvel1lent and It was accordingly postponed. However, Pole's presence had already become indispensable since the legate's permission was necessary for the com mission of bishops in place of those deposed by Mary, but public opinio n feared that he would attempt to restore Church lands and further delays

were made. He made an assurance that satisfied the O~l ecto rs and at last, 111 Novembe:', 1554 two noble Lords were se nt to conduct him to London. There on St. Andrew s Day,' the two Houses of Parliament prayed the King and Queen to end the Schism a nd Pole pronounced the words of absolution. I n the fo ll owlllg week ConvocatIOn receIved absolution, and the Act I & 2 Phil. & Mary, c.8, to restore the papal supremacy receIved the Royal Assent in January. . Meanwhile proceedings aga inst Cra nme r resulted in papal deprivation from the Archbishopric of Canterbury . Mary pressed Pole II1to ~cceptance of the See, and he was acco rdin gly ordained and co nsecrated at the Grey Fnars Church, bemg enthroned by proxy. . Both Mary and Pole had underestimated the difficulties of reconciling the realm to Rome. The Queen was perso nall y anx ious to restore all lands she held that were of religious origin, a nd Pole, like all Catholics of the. old school, th ought of heresy as an evIl for which no punishment was too extreme : neither of these sentIments was popular. An unexpected difficulty arose when Philip and the Pope went to war in Lta ly, putting Pole on the ho rns of a dilemma. France joi ned the Pope and PllIiIp wanted E ngland to fight for him. Pole, as legate, refused to meet one of the Pope's enemies and retired to Canterbury. England was dragged into the wa r ; the Pope summoned all Cardll1a ls to Rome and replaced Pole as legate. His troubles were soon at a n end, however, for on November 17th, 1558, the same day as the Mary whose cause he was so unsuIted to serve but to whom he was so fa ithful, he died a nd was buned at Canterbury. We, at School in Canterbury, need not remember the strife and toil of his life: more must we remember the princely gift of the Mint Yard to the School, surely the greatest benefaction that ever it has received.

182

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TWO MEN OF LIKE TASTES (All untitled short wory by George E/;ol. The I}Irlllllscripl is ill Ihe H/alpo/e Collec/ion and il has 110t prel'iOll.'i~1I beeN pril1led)

This story will take you if you please into Central England and into what have been often called the good old times. Il is a telescope yo u may look through , or telephone you .may put yo ur ear to ; ~ut the:r~ IS no cOI~p.u l s lon. ff you only care about the present fashIOns In dr~ss and talk, 111 politics and religIOn pas~ on without offence as you wou ld pass the n~an I'~ the Place de la Concorde, not mounting to look through hi s lenses and then abus1l1g him b~cause he does not s h~w .you s.o mething less distant than the aspects

of the heavenl y bodIes. Allow those who lI ke It to IIlterest themselves in the sad or joyous fortunes of people who saw the beglnnmg ofT"e Times newspaper, trembled or felt defiant at the name of Buonaparle! defended bull-ba iting, were excited by the wr iting of Cobbett and submitted to so me II1 vlslble power whIch ord all1ed that their back waistcoat buttons

should be nine inches higher th an those of their fath ers. These people did not manage the land well ; they knew lIttle about subsoIls and top dressll1gs, allowed trees and hedge rows to take tithe of thei r acres, and in a ll ways helped the weat her to make bad harvests But their farming was picturesque and it suited the preserva ti on of game.

A larg~

population of hares, partridges and pheasa nts had short, but let us hope merry lives between the tllnes when they were made war on by the superior race who inter-

vened between them and the unscrupulous foxes that would have killed and eaten them without ulterior ~iews .. And as many foxes as were allowed to remain and enjoy their

know~l pl easure III belllg hunted , were handsomely provided wi th covers. It was a beau ti ful. l and~cape that was to be seen al most everywhere in our rich central plain, when a li ttle flse of ground gaye the horseman a possibili ty of seeing over a stretch of

tree-studded hedgerows encl osll1g here and there the long roofs of a homestead and merging in woods wh ich gave a wide-spread hint of the landowner's mansion hidden with its park and pools and its resounding rookery , far away from the vulgar' gaze.

. One such ma nsio n whose parapet and curling smoke were to be seen by the traveller In ndll1g down the slope from Upper Lawtrey was called Longwater, and so far as the parIs hIOne rs generall y cared to kno w had always been th e property of the Pollex fen s

though It w~s understood that the family had waxed in importance and that sometim~ or other their estate. had been .enlarged. For there was ~lJ1oth er house in th e pari s h~

called Gatlands, whIch was belIeved always to have belonged to th e Fo rrests until the

.Pollexfens bought .i t an~ the f~rmer owners ~a nk into tenants, at the sa me time enteri ng

mto a further relatIOn WIth thel( landlord whIch had lasted ever since. In fact as far back as the reign of William the Third a General Pollex fen who had served under that monarch had rounded his possessions by buying va rious smaller pr9perties in Upper Lawtrey and among them the farm of Gatlands belongll1g to a Walter Forrest who remained on the farm and accepted the office of bailiff for the whole of the Pollexfen estate which now ex tended over Upper and Nether Lawtrey. Since Walter Forrest sold his own land and was chosen bailiff on anoth er's, we might infer either that he was one of those

ab le persons who manage everybody's property better than their own or else that he was o nl y Ihe JJ1herIt o r of a gradual decay such as was apt to befall the fam ilies of small squi res 1M3

1 THE

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who had little margin for imprudence and that he had the good sense to part with his . h' at once instead of conttnutng to pare It away. Ingemous f~~r,::~~::~db~~~h~~~~Sy \;appen to be false, for gallant generals have not always chosen their agents wisely, nor are there only two ways tn whIch a ma.~ mIght fb~~~~e~g~~:~e~~,I~ his land' and a hundred years after the fact there was n,? eVI ence 0 motives,' a ny more than of the family history before h,s time. In most cases even now, the commonalty of England know little of theIr great-grandfathers. But in the house at Gatlands there was a carved oaken press filled with miscellaneous family relics, tattered silk garments, oddd SPU a~d sl~o~h b~cakJ~s'R7~~.ir~ a;~rr~s~:";~~ toys some of them havtng a dlglllty an an IqUl y W I , . hid" d actu~1 tenant refer them vaguely to his forefathers among the cavaliers w ~ l a InJu:e the family prosperity by their unrequited exertions in the royal ca use. ~ e "fed to t~tnk that his family fought for the King against the Roundheads. As to t 'elr laVtng. een water, h,s wIshes were less decIded, J aco bÂˇItes an d d run k the health of the King over the '1 bl .t1 I ' w loyal satisfaction for these shades of sentiment seemed less reconCI a e WI , liS 0 n. Th G I 'th Kin Geor e' besides the threat of CatholicIsm dIsturbed everythlllg. e enera ;~lIexfengwho e;la'rged the estate and began the connection with the Forrests had ~eha~ed as became a protestant in transferring his loyalt~ to WI:~a~ t':;O;i~~dt~~~ ~~~u~ro~~br~ Queen Anne the Pollex fens had ranged themse ves WI e. ' h b held it reasona ble in a point of practical politics, like the s uc~ess l on to td e c~ow n,to e a little on both sides till only one side was left. But whatever.slde they ha . ta ~n, s~nce t hte families of Lon water and Gatlands had been brought IIlto. con~e~tlon tIe orres s had been wo nt fo think that the Pollexfens we~e nght In their optnlOns and not wIth ro riet to be blamed for their actions; an attitude of mllld whIch If their forefathers p p y I' t have been hereditary in the stock for a good part of two centunes, were cava lers mus ( f S t ritten by that of the only material change being that the name 0 tuar was overw Pollexfen.

Gatlands was a quaint place. The house stood on a slight rise from the highest level f U er Lawtre and unlike the wide-wooded Longwater could be well seen from the ~oad p)t was buill of greenish sandstone, had a walled court In front o~ tw~ go~~1(3 st~~s of chimneys relieving its long roof and it bore above the entrance t e atde '1 't~ . . d I the court had no other ornament than grass an grave WI ~a~t~~~d':"~~te~w:u~d[:1 ?nWthe middle ~f it and the pla~e looked rather sombre except when th~ westward stln made its latticed panes glow like. rub,es. The farm-yard and stack- ard la at a little dista nce from the house, and so dId the garden whICh stood 111 a gree~ c1ose~ike a bush islet fenced with clipped yew a~d holl y: tAl:;sl~~~: :~~N~~:~ the venerable but substa ntial building mIght have been ISappOIl1 e ll ' h

~~~b;b~a~~t~~ i~~~ ~~~se~~~~d~Nh~ ~~~er:natb~rO:~et~~ol~:u~eo~;~~uil~~:~fc~{.~

Forrest however was not an ordinary tenant farmer. He w~s a man 0 dwelg In IS . . ' d' ' me uarters was held more of a power- 1Il other war s was more d,stnct an 111 so0 Ie;"1,0 did ill for themselves- than the master of Longwater himself. f~r7e~:e~:! t;;;,~~e.fted enough with this proportion in things, bell1g less II1dlgnant at unjust blame which only touched him personally than he would have heen at presumptuous complaints against Squire Pollexfen . 184

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The na me Pollex fen of Longwater has not now a stirring sound for the English nation, and even in the times this history is concerned with would not have commanded immediate and deferential notice throughout the length and breadth of the land. Its conjuring power was at the strongest in the parishes of Upper and Nether Lawtrey and the neighbouring market town of Wynnover; already in the borough of Ripstoke, hardly ten miles off, the power had become doubtful with any but a small better informed minority, and at the cathedral town of Ludlow just within driving distance, whither churchwardens went in their gigs to hear the Bishop's charge, the name Pollex fen had no more command over men's service than if it had been a foreign copper. But to the mind of Richard Forrest it was hard to imagine how even in London when he spoke of Mr. Pollexfen his hearer should remain cold or require explanation. He had twice visited the metropolis on business and had felt some disgust at the indifference with which certain tradesmen there had received his mention of the personage for whom he was fulfilling commissions. It must not be supposed from this touch of simplicity that his ignorance was of a deeper sort than any now extant, for in these days too our feelings make us liable to such mistakes of the imagination about other men's celebrity- perhaps in some cases about our own. And even as knowledge goes now, Richard Forrest had a useful share. His letters were written in good English and his neighbours sa id of him emphatically that he knew the 'natur 0' things' ; adding, at a later period, that it would have been better for him if he had not known anything beyond this. For some were of the opinion that he might have escaped the chief calamity of his life if his schooling had ended wit h the well-known academy of Jonathan Grosbeak at Wynnover, who taught figures and measuration and whose penmanship exerted on the Lord's Prayer left nothing to be desired in the sa me line, whereas Forrest had been for two years under the Reverend Mr. Roach, master of Ripstoke Grammar School, from whom he was supposed to have brought a tincture of uncertain book learning ha ving little to do with the nature of things, and suited only to the clergy who could see through it or to the Counsel at Assizes whose business it was to confuse people.

As to the past history of the Pollexfens, we need not now enquire beyond the youth of Rupert Pollexfen, the father of our Squire who was christened DUdley. This Rupert was not the eldest son , but the third and an arrant scapegrace, who declined the army and navy as well as the church and led an eccentric vagrant life, consorting with horse-dealers, jockeys, cock-fighters a nd boxers; not merely making use of such people and treating them with the contempt they deserved, in the way customary with young gentlemen of his epoch, but identifying himself with them and seeking no better company. With all this a merry and a well built fellow, inclined to give, though unaccustomed to pay, and on the whole one of those who frequently declared to have a good heart, apparently because you might not have inferred it from their bad conduct. Among those who thought less favourably of his heart, being most annoyed by his conduct, were his own family, who held it a mercy that he was the third son safely out of requirement as nearest male, and ceased to care whether he were in the Isle of Man or in Ireland, in His Gracious Majesty's Hanoverian dominions or in the most distant British possession of Nova Scotia, provided they heard little of him. But contrary to all reckoning the two elder brothers died, the one without offspring, the other unmarried: the entail suddenl y wanted the vagrant Rupert and before he was thirty he became 185

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Pollex fen of Longwater, owning the best part of Upper and Nether Lawtrey. with two livings in his gift, a nd ha ving a power of doing as he hked WIth hIS own whIch wo ~ld have enabled him to la y the longest of the long pools dry and kill all the fi sh In It, qUIte as if he had been a conv ulsio n of nature. That was the so rt of powerful unreason whIch the opinion of his neighbours expected ,?f him . But here doubtless his good heart came into play, for he did not happen to hke kIlling all the fi sh at o ~ce, and what he hked to do with his ow n differed little from what was do ne by many of hIS contempora n es In Loamshire. Sometimes when a younger so n who has led a wi ld life a nd got tired of moneyless dissi pation, succeeds to a handson~ e inheritance,. he becomes close ~sted , strait laced, the contrary of his fo rmer self. But It was not so With the returned prodigal. of Longwater. Property had not the effect of maklllg him prudent, a nd With regard to hIS pleasures IllS reform consisted chiefl y in his being able to afford them.

But what co ncerns us chiefly about this unillustrious Rupert, who beg~ n to sow .his wild oats by runnin g away fro m school in the da ys of George the Second, IS that dUfln g a vagra nt visit to Ireland at the age of two and twenty, he fell 111 lov.e With the wey eyes and long dark lashes of a modest Irish girl , the ~a Ll ghter of a small 11m-keeper In :,hose house he lodged , and persuaded her to marry 111m. He wandered ~way from heI soon after but not wi th the intention of forsaki ng her ; rather as he said, to put a sum of mon~y in his pocket and return to set up a sma ll inn on their own acco unt. For he had already come to the pass of renoundng his station, not even caring to boast that he !lad renounced it, so that for aught his wife knew, the venera ble ho use of Pollexfen mI ght have had no higher head than the cattle-drover or corn-factor for whom she had been acc ustomed respectfully to draw beer. He dId 111 fact wnte to her and let her know his whereabo ut but before he could return with the desired sum of money he receIVed the news that K'athleen had d ied in chi ldbed leaving a fine boy which, if the father hadnothin g to say against it, was to be cluistened Rupert .Cromn:elin Pollexfe.n; Crom mell1: bemg the name of its gra ndfather Matthew C rommelin publican, at the Sign of the Wllite Bull in the outsk irts of Cork. Why from that time the Crom mel ins hea rd no more of. Rupert Pollexten, never came out clea rl y into evidence, and perhaps was never known With perfect clearness by Rupert himself. A self indulge nt yo un g fell ow of four and twenty, Informed that he IS the father of a child whom he has never seen and whose mother IS dead, may be wIlling enou~h to persuade himself that the grandparents wi ll like nothing better than to have the. entire charge of the baby. What a man objects to domg hImself appears to 111m 111 the lIght of a pleasant task for others, and it is as~onishing ~ ow much ~ood nature IS s~ow n In. t~I S imagi native wa y. That Rupert's con scl~nce. had In the fir~t I11stance been qlllte unstlned towards his own and Kathleen's offspnng IS hard ly credIble, beca use seven years afterwards on comi ng into the estate he lost little time in setti,?-g on foot a.n enquiry: after Matthew Crommeli n, who it appea rs had for some years qUItted the WhIte Bull WItho ut cari ng to ad vertise his new address, havlllg burnt hIS fingers WIth politiCS. The search was not successfu l but meanwhile Rupert Pollexfen, under the touch of tender compunctIOn and also perhaps wit h the design of rendering the due tribute to the mother of the legitimate heir who m he was then hoping to recover, placed a handsome marble tablet in Nether Lawtrey church WIth an IIlscnplJon In memo~y of Kathleen, daughter of Matthew Crommelin and wife of Rupert Pollexfen, who dIed III chIld bed December 22

1743.

. 1~6

TH E

CANTU ARIAN

,But the heir ~vas not found , and some years later-such is the instability of human wishes, at least 111 the case of one country gentleman under the earlier monarch s of the

House ofHa~over-the father was no longer very sorry for the failure ; for he was wooing hIS second wIfe, a bloomtng dame of good family who would not have liked him so well If he had had an heIr. Nay, he let it be understood that Kathleen's child had died with the mother, and thtnktng that the mere suggestion of his former marriage might be bltte.rJy un~lea sa nt to hIS bnde, he was weak enough to move the oaken panelling of Ius pew tn order to cover the tablet saying to himself that the tablet was there all the same, and he had not .gone back from his own deed. For he flattered himself that he had a strong. WIll. And It seems tndeed that he was a powerful animal; but his early Irregll:lantl~s and hiS renun~lation of rank di.d not t,urn out to have been signs of a powerful ml~ld 01 of al,lY revolutlOn~ry dCI11?cratlc lea nlllg beyond the spirit of the time. So that h~s strol~g WI ll had no w without d"tflicliity lurned in the osua l direction of a wealthy sqUlr~ s addicted to most of the sports known as manly and British- ep ith ets which Ihen Included cock-fighting and bull-baiting. . Some of these sport~ he carried on expensivdy, keeping ~.pack ofhollnds, .g lorying in hIS stables and preservlllg hIS game so as to satl~fy the .ambltion of having the best covers III that part of the country. Whence the Susp,cIOn of IIlsamty which the neighbours had attached ~o hlS oearly courses gave w~y to the judgment that Pollex fen of Longwater I~ved hke a gentleman, and If he carned thlllgs WIth a hIgh hand tn . point of game and rabbIts and damages to hIS tenants, he dId what he had the mo ney for. And this was true, only the money soon ceased to be ready. The Forrest of Gatlands who managed the Longwater estate at that time had also sportlllg tastes, and the only SIgn Rupert gave of retaining his early eccentricity was thai he made thIS Forrest much of a boon compamon. The sqUIre a nd his managing man who was qUIte a~ much of a gentleman as his principal , were on very easy terms, and when there was httle or no other c0!'lpany at Longwater, Âˇrode together, went shooting together, drank tOllether, and thIS WIth greater frequency as the squire advanced in life and became more IIldlfferent to approval in the drawing room. ..

PLATITUDES AND PROVOCATIONS Life is a taste of money. ~,\ _ It is a farce to those who think and a melodrama to those who feel The first aim is t~ put one's wishbone where one's backbone should be. A httle learnmg IS a dangerous thing but much learning is fatai. Folly IS the only path to wisdom. It is remarkably easy to wreck one's life but even so one should not leave it to chance .. . Anyone lackmg a rebellious spirit is revolting. If e.veryone preached what they practised, sermo ns would be interesting. Sohtude IS a most uncompromising companion. "Good old" is an oxymoron. "Age Dum Agis"- moderation in nothing. GtGGADtBS 1"87

4 THE CANTUAR IAN

THE WITNESSES (Dialogue on road from London to Canterbury. 1939. Two soldiers) Tom:

So here we are, all of us, marching to new experience. Marching with one' cause, one ihtention.

The weather is calm and now we have left London The scenery is beautiful- late summer-time. Let us take these memories before they die In winter. Dick:

Tom:

Dick:

Tom:

Dick:

We are not as young as we were,

Gllf

sport

Is war and we will try to enjoy it . For we have been wished good luck by our fnends. I wish we could see the Cathedral looming Ahead .. .. ten more miles ... . to march. Why are you, of all people, speaking of churches? They don't interest us; forget that sob stuff Or else you'll see yourself in a stained glass window. Get down to reality . ... guns for us . .. . not churches. We are the pilgrims to a city and a hope. For if Christ was not, then how do we know If good is not evil and evil-good . Why do we pretend to fight the evil? Our shrine is Canterbury You march to that cityI direct my mind to the Temple Set in the heart of it. All right, m'lad, we'll leave You to God, it is obvious that you Will kick the dust before you See him .... Pack up your troubles ... . .... Smile .. .. Smile . .. .

Chorus of soldiers: We afe no longer men,

We are no longer fated To create ourselves into life. For now is the season when matter meets. This season we left life along to itself, And forsook feelings-we seem mechanical. Time past is a shadow fading gradually. War is not part of la~ds and decay ?f palaces. It is of us all of US-It freezes man mto Ice, The 'ulti~ate death of cold' is within the soul of man. For we declare the war within ourselves.

THE CANTUARIAN

-You, you think we are mad Crying into darkness, laughing at uncertainty. But take this warning, 'Ages are ceased This is the end, We are t~e Epilogue To all ages. ' We are the last pilgrims. For in the cool of the day Adam sang his prelude, While he hid for shame In a garden where fruit grew. That was the beginningWe are the end.' 'September is a month of changing, Summer is nearly over, high seasons

Are ending, . The apple blossom seen in the early months Has vanished and the hops are fermenting. But to all this country comes winter When snow is frozen on the boughs. Then we will remember-we afe witnesses. Chorus of Pilgrims from the raids: We have walked all day, We have walked as men stumbling. Only the sighing winds know how the plinth Of these deep tombs that were of jacinth. We have left our cities- desolate and bare. Until our peace comes, we will be wanderers On the roads of inner suffering. But out of the haze of man See our great spring appears Christ buds on the hedgerows He is in the dust on our road. The rose of Mary is in the pilgrimage Spreading its perfumed petals To calm our parched zest for the future. " Dieu sait qui est bon pelerin". And they stopped by the road When darkness fell~they were olltcast The sapphire leer of dream clouds FeU on them-the pilgrims slept. Inside the Cathedral Adam spoke from his ancient window "War is approaching-issue a wa(ning Of hardShips to be endured by this city But nothing shall harm this Cathedral. 189

THE CANTUARIAN

The apple has been consumed In the world of Eden . o my son Cain, you are marked,

Every sum of sin is noted.. . . Nothing is subtracted- nothlllg multlphed. Take heed, Good PeopleGod loves this place For this is what the bell told me At the approach of midnight." Moses called to Jeremiah "Our time is approaching

Twenty-five years have elapsed Since we were removed from the eyes of the watchers. Then I slept next to Louis and St. Thomas, Tied and labelled in a cold iron box. War had been declared." Brother Jeremy with angry glare Turned to the speaker and stared Then he cried- "Scaffolding is always appearing. Is there a service of General Thanksgiving'! Otherwise nothing is happening." The glass was removed Safe from the perils of war. The great upheaval and scourge Was to rack the lives of the poor Who couldn't afford to flee the cities. Watch in the faces, Observe in the hands Of the wanderers-night. Black clouds approach Their dancing stars Who blaze a weary light On the wounds of the world Where the myrrh , alloes and cassia perfume the side. The Bell struck twelve, It called through the darkness H

Do not leave your homes to-night,

Danger is warned for the casual walker Who tempts the darkness away from its secrets. Cathedrals shelter dead men's bones And the living man's hope. Gather the crowds together To shelter from the 'ultimate cold' Freezing the soul of man." 190

THE C ANTUARJAN

But the watchman murmured Sullenly between the arches of the gate, "The wrack of cloud and fire, The ghostly shaded tower, What haunts and strikes them so'! Memory of premonition'! Why should fading pillar in the sky An hour of fire that drifts and passes, mean More than the melting sun, The volcanic mountain, for all are one to us.

Are not the Council's air-raid shelters With concrete roofs and heavy security Better than shelter in a dead place." The Bell cried in its last despair, H[ have warned many sleepers,

The children think their fathers dead In coffins of antiquity, But 1 have been here many years. Now I am singing the last note of midnight And on my next sonorous clash of one The fire from enemy bombs will descend -consume Then all is done You have heard And despised - I am protected From the martyrdom Of my body by fire From the skies. The Watchman observed the tower in contemplation, And in a vision of momentary perplexity He saw the truth of the clanging bell. For above the tower angels hoveredNot the angels in Sunday School Prizes, Not the Raphaelite vision of samite But guardians at all four corners of the tower. Then the Watchman heard a still small voice saying - "You are a witness to our sign of hope - We guard and guide the pilgrim's feet Who enter in this holy place. Behold, 0 sleeper, this Temple Will not be consumed with earthly fire But with the heavenly fire of burning hearts. Watchman-will the night soon pass"'! "Watch and enquire", cried the bell, -and then there was silence Save for the haunting cry of exploding bombs. 191

THE CANTUARIAN

The clock struck the bour, St. Stephen's Church slept under the moon, And the hill wound up to the summit. A troop of soldiers camped under The leaves and the trees, Near the momentary graves of solitude. They were heavy-some slept, Others watched the stillness of the night, Knelt in contemplation. They saw peace, they felt security For, above the cathedral under the moon They witnessed a Holy Lamb Guarding a tower, guarding the church from harm. Fo ur hou rs to wait- thought the soldiers - and shivered . ... The Witnesses, the Watchers, answered "Can you not watch with me one hour

Lcst Temptation fall upon you?" Lo, here lies our hope Pray to this symbol of victory. They thought on the way That their pilgrimage was blessed And their mission of war Was a crusade against an enemy With a pillar of fire and angels To lead them on. "For be it never so derke "Me thinketh that I see it ever mo. " They had been pilgrims Pilgtims of Time, of war, Of safety, of wonder. And as the dawn approached The sound of planes grew dim And the destruction was done To the city. To the church in the heart of it Never was there peril for it was guarded. Guarded by .the Witnesses and Watchers Who payed their homage to the Temple Set in an ancient city.

192

THE CANTUARJAN

GEORGI ÂˇAND THE COMMISSAR "You are young, Comrade Georgi". the Commissar said,

"And Stalin to you are a god . Yet changes are made now the old man is deadPray, is not this very odd?" "In my youth", he replied , " I learnt to take care

Not to promulgate views of my own. But now this nec~ssity's no longer there: I am free now to alter my tone," "So [ see, Comrage Georgi", the Commissar said ,

"But what was with Stalin amiss? He painted a lot of territory red: Pray, what was so wrong with this?" "Nothing at all", Malenkov replied, "But progress had pretty well stopped. 1I's time that another procedure were tried And that the oldÂˇ tactics were dropped." "But why send a ship to the Spithead Review? Isn't this going too far? Had you no thought for the health of the crew When mixing with British Tar?" "You show that you don't understand the West! They're gentiemen there, you know : They never try brain-washing out on a guest! Why, we practically stole the show! When we say we're sorry to have shot down a plane, They think that real peace is in sight ; When we take off a glove to shake hands again, They feel that p'raps Bevan is right. If the armistice talks are kept on the boil, Then Congress arid Commons fall out, And E.D.C. plans, which were laid with much toil, Are beset with delay and with doubt. The French let a, government crisis drag on, And more Italians vote pink ; The Germans are getting tired of BonnNot bad for a start, don't you think?" "The East Germans, too, are restless, I guess:

They demand an unhampered poll. Shall we let them, to fool the Western Press, Turn out Mr. Grotewobl?" "I've answered three questions, and that is enough!

It seems you still haven't a clue! Do you think I can listen all day to such stuff? Be off, or I'll liquidate yo~!" 193

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THE LAST BILLET-DOUX Truth's got lost in a maze of make-up, Love's got stopped by a cul-de-sac; Dream's got torn by da yblast wake-up, Soul's getting stretched on pent-up rack ; And the loving is over, the laughter, The sunlight on flowing youth ; We've lost the light hereafter Act V of the tragic "Truth". Short as the night that sleep flicks away, Soon still as the leaves that die ; Sharp as clouds that darken day, Beautiful as the wandering sky. Like ice that melts in the sunlight, Returning once more to th e sea,

I lose what lightened every night And so much you lose me. For this is the turn of the road, my love, This the end of our blissLet not the earth spoil Past above, By crumbling after the kiss. Into the sea that rolled us together And hurls us so sadly insane; Never more to gras p at the future From the slips of the past's dying pain . So sadly, yes, but in everything, For time can never stay, In its path from creating to cursing, In its speed fr0111 night to day. And slow is the saddened lingering Whilst swift was the pace of past yearsSo forget in a fury of living, What we lost in a moonlight of tems. But I ask you my friend , not my lover, For your heart's farewell to mine, An epilogue to the pulse-wonder, A touch o'er a glass of wine. JuSI one more wi nd al our hearl-lake A memory to catch in OUf minds, A poor last but snow-white flake Before the blackening blinds. 194

r H E CAN T UA RI AN

Wearily say to me "all righl", Loved phrase from a love that's dead ; And I'll say to you "good-n ighl", Then there's no more to be said . And after that, my loved one, The moments we shared are shorn .

Turn and touch ; turn and gone : One star dies at dawn . The moral of this letter is, That perfection is unknown ;

That Truth is a mixture of mysteries. The analysed flower is blown. Find, find your illusion, Choose it and cherish it. o follow, follow its fu sion, Love it and lose it. FLOWER O' T H E THYMI !

NONSENSE THE RHYMES OF AN AGED IDiOT Little Miss Rebel sat on a pebble And orthodoxy bored her; When she got older and salon a bou lder She supported law and order. Self control is the goal Of the so ul who is wise And who tries to be whole. If of passions Yo u exceed yo ur rations

You will go to your grave T heir slave. Hey diddle duddle, the wo rld's in a muddle " Who cares?", the foolish cry, Hl do"~ a wise old man replies, " All who don' t ca re die!"

THE

C ANTUARIAN

INY ANGA SILHOUETTE (suggesting a recumbent effigy of Cecil Rhodes)

Green hills and barren cliffs of rough grey sto lle, Sparse vegetation for the wild and tame, Where oft the prowling leopard seeking ga me Finds straying calves left helpless and alone; A hovering hawk poised in mid-air alone Swoops noiselessly to earth its prey to claim ; Here Nature reeks not of man's praise or blame And Solitude and Silence hold their own. Breaking the distant skyline lies a shape, A silh ouette in grey, like one at rest Stretched 0 11 the ea rth, hands folded on his breast, Dreaming the dreams he cherished at the Cape. Here seems to lie the Founder, gen tl y sleeping; His drea ms and hopes entrusted to our keeping.

AT RHODES HOTEL, INYANGA (which incorporates the parlour of Rhodes' house)

Here 1 can rest myself in Rhodes's chair, By the old-fas hioned fireside where he sal On holiday and here hung up his hat Away from politics and all its care, Stand at the door and breathe the Rhodesian air Or look at photos of the lean and fat Be-whiskered cronies of the Founder that Hang fading on the wall and stand and starc. Tree-fern and palm and sturdy British oak, The sound of water hurrying down the ri ll , The view across the lawn to distant hill, This is the place where once he walked and spoke. But in that parlour come those words anew: "So little done, and still so much to do."

R. G. SAW, O.K.S. 196

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THE MAN FROM GOD When Grandpa was alive he used to spin the most amazi ng yarns. One of them, "The Man from God", as he would ca ll it, is still quite fixed in my mind. Before he bega n it the Old Man would clear his throat and give his nose one of those hearty blows that sou nd like a fog horn, then: " The Thomas Upton was a stout old barque of 750 tons. Her mate was Clem G rant's father ; Cha rley Fisher was the cook, one of the few cooks that could cook; and that voyage I was matc. Our trip had taken us to Chri stchurch where we took thirteen passengers aboa rd for the return voyage to England , via the Cape. "Most of the crew agreed that thirteen assu red us of a rough passage but, when one of them turned out to be a pa rson, they all swore 'twould be a miracle if we ever saw England again. Six of them signed off there a nd then. " O n the eighth night of our return voyage fire broke out on board and it was not long befo re the Thomas Up/Oil was completely enveloped in flames." Here the Old Man wou ld pause and wa it fo r someo ne, who knew his stories, to enquire: " How o n eart h d id that happen?" or just excla im, "Good gracious !" "Nobody ever di scovered what caused it", he would continue, pleased that someone at least wn s listening, " but we had a parson aboard and the Dev il is always desperate in dealing with holy men. Bllt befo re she went down all three boats got clear: only ours reached safety. " In my boat there were cleven of us ; the parson a nd Cha rley Fisher were two. " (The other eight had conveniently died many years before grandpa ever to ld the story.) " There was barely enough food fo r a month , and by the fifth week we were right out of it. Had not the parson kept up our moral, with lively sermons, a nd ' prayer and fasting' as he would say- though we hnd no choice in the matter- we would have lost heart a lmost from the first week. " The sixth week and we had barely the energy to crawl about. The parson, unaccustomed to such hardship as he was, seemed the weakest ; we were all very weak. The parson's last sermon was on the ' Resurrectio n'. "Next morning he could speak o nly with difficulty. ' Kill me', he laboured several t imes. 'Eat me, that yo u may Jive.' .. At first we were horrified; but as it was on ly too apparent that we cou ld not live much lo nger on air, we agreed, not withou t some hesitation, to kill him . Charley F isher had made such a good cook that we all decided he should disgo rge the parson. We jo ined in a few prayers with th is noble priest ; he forgave Charley Fisher, blessed u's a ll and then, quite ca lmly laid him down and went to sleep. When he was unconsc ious C har ley Fisher unsheathed his knife and with 11 qu ick sudden movement pierced his temple. " It wns ,m lmusual menl that followed , we d rank human blood and ate human flesh ; I got a hand which tasted fo ul. "After thi s most o r us slept, on ly to be awa kened three hours later. 'Boat Ahoy! Boat Ahoy !' It was H. M.S. Eagle who proceeded to pick us up. Having committed the parson's remains, or what was left of them, to the deep, we set sa il for Portsmou th, which we reached witho ut mishap. " On our ret urn the Eagle's commander duly reported the who le incident to the Autho rities. And, ns the Law does not draw a line between mu rder and mercy-k illing, Charley Fisher was committed to the quarter sessions at Lewes, where he was sentenced to death. The Queen, however, commuted this to ten years transportation. He died in the West Indies." At the end of the yarn G randpa would pass round a tin of clove balls or peardrops; neither of which any of us li ked. Grandpa liked both. A. P.A.

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THE ROYAL SOUTH CAROLINA GAZETTE, 178 1 (some copies of which wert> fOllnd fllld gil'ell to the Headmaster) The War of American [ndependence had begun in 1775 .lnd in the Spring of 1780 the Royalist forces

were still confident of victory. In the South they were closing in on Charlestown, the capital of South Carolina. General Lincoln decided to try and hold Charlestown but on May 12. 1780 he was forced to surrender the town with his entire army to Sir Henry Clinton after being bombarded by both land and sea. Four weeks after General Lincoln surrendered, the Royal South Carol ina Gazette was first published in Charlestown by Messrs. Robertson, Macdona ld and Cameron. We possess thirty-two copies of it together with half-a-dozen copies of the Royal Gazette, dat ing from January 16 to October 18, 1781. They all have four pages about the size of a mod~rn newspaper but they are badly printed and are hardly newspapers in the modern sen se. They are alm ost ent irely given over to proclamations by the Garrison Comma nder and hi s officers, news or Royalist successes, records of those convicted of treason, advertiseM ments for runaway slaves and sales of ships' cargoes. News from England of debates in Parliament were given prominence but it arrived abollt six weeks after the debates took place. The Royal South Carolina Gazette contrived to fulfil the fun ction or a local as well , as it were, a national pHper. We know that it began about the middle of June, 1780, because in the iss ue of June 12, 1781 appeared the fo llowing notice, "12 months have now elapsed since the commencement of the publicat io n; those gentlemen whose terms of subscription have expired are requested to call and settle their respective ballances at the Printing office as soo n as it is convenient. " Our last copy of the paper is that of the 18th October, the day before Lord Cornwallis surrendered to the American forces at Yorktown. But there can be no connection between these two dates for though the defeat was a blow of the gravest consequence for England it happened 300 miles from Charlestown and the news would have taken at least several days to travel that distance. Moreover, Charlestown itselr did not faIJ to the rebels again until 14th December, 1782, when Nathaneal Greene, courageous leader of the rebel forces, marched in procession into Charlestown as the Aeet in the harbour was preparing for the evacuat ion to the West Indies. Though the Gazette is a propaganda organ it is not devoid of information for the inquiring reader. The proclamations of Nisbet Balfour, the Garri son Commandant, reveal the stern measures necessary to control the people and to minimise disaffect ion. On 16th January there appeared a notice " for the seizure of the estates both real and personal of the undermentioned persons" and there followed the names of thrityMthree unfortunates, and eleven more received the same treatment on 12th March. Richard Ellis It tavern keeper, was conv icted of black marketeering when food supplies were short. He was ordered to suffer two months' imp risonment and to pay a fine of 196 guineas, a very considerable slim at that time, and the prosecutor added, " it is hoped that th is example wi ll deter others from such oppressive and illegal pract ises whereby the inhabitants of this town have been greatly distressed". So there was a good deal of this sort o f thing going on. Evidently there were some in the town in direct com munication with the enemy, for Thomas Winstanley the secretary to the commandant, wrote in a proclamation that when Clinton took the town everyon~ promised their allegiance to him, "notwithstanding which some of them took the first opportunity to join the rebel forces who have since vent ured into some places within thi s province". In this and many other proclamations the commandant appeals to the people to " avail themselves of the opportunity once more tendered to them , of the bless ing derived from living under a free British government .... ,; A "free Bri tish government" must have been considered by some a contradict ion in terms in this town ruled by British troops, where soldiers were everywhere and where food , hou ses and fodder were arbitrarily taken in the name of the king. Under the outward show of SllCceSS and tranq ui lity the tension can be detected. On 2nd April, Balfour offered a reward of 100 guineas for the capture.of one Mackay one of "a number of lawless Banditti unfactioned even by the assumed power of the rebels" who "have of late, by their plunderings and robbings, much di stressed the peaceable inhabitants of this country" . He was always careful to ally him self with the peacable cit izens aga inst the lawless bands merely out to take advantage of the war. The Gazette behind its news of constant Royalist successes, behi nd its articles in favour of British rule reveals the tension of a town and a country amid the throes of revolution. H gives the feeling that ther~ was an undercurrent of sympathy for the fo rces of Greene out in the wild open cou ntry, Outwardly meanwhile, life went on as usual ; " A Garrison Bait on Wednesday next the 4th. instant at the State Hous~ as usua l", And on Monday 14th May: " Saturday last being the anniversary of the reduction of this

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T H E C ANTUARIAN Metropolis by his Majesty's Arms, it was observed with evcry demonstration of joy . ... and the countenM anances of the most part of the inhabitants were sufficiently expressive of the pleasure they received from a recollect ion of the happy CHANGE they had made,- from the chains of tyranny and arbitrary sway, to the blessings of freedom and a British constitution" . Anecdotes were few and far between. One is of a sai lo r, press ganged by the Americans, who " expressing some ind ignation and refusing to ta ke the bounty, a Lieutenant ordered him first an unmerciful whipping and then to be laid in irons. The poor Tar could not submit in silence but cried " This ye caill iberty, do ye? They would not dare use me so in the King's service". At wh ich expression the rebel officer was so exasperated that he caught up the capstern bar and immediately dashed his brains out. The brute being apprehended fo r this fact was broug~t to ~rial. an~ was. found, b~fore o.ne of their equitable tribunal s, guilty of manslaughter. For professmg hIS dissatisfactio n at thIS verdict, Mr. Coila rt, a surgeon of eminence was thrown into prison and secured his release with difficulty after eight days confinement". On 12th March they reprinted from the Morning POSf some add resses ; "Mr. Ch- I-s FM x lodges at the sign of the Knave of Clubs in Barking Alley, Tower street ; Mr. BMMke at the Labour in Vain in Bristol street, Puddle-dock; Mr. AldM-man W-lk-s at the Sti ll and Two Brewers, Cloak lane near Knaves-acre" . So even what humour there was was caustic wi th politica l implications. From time to time the editors printed letters and articles. " Pacificus" urged "adherents of Congress especially in North Ca rolina" (so presumably thi s paper had a wide circulation) by many plausible arguM ments to return to the support of George ilL " Amphion" di scussed the effects which the rebellions in Chili, Tucuman and Qui to would have on the Spa nish war effort. " St. George" attacked the perfidy of the Dutch shown by the papers captured with Henry Laurens, There was an a rt icle on Prussian military disciplineÂˇ and a letter from " A Planter" suggesting means for banding together their resources against the outlaws and stray groups of rebel forces wh ich were harassing everyone in the country, "Senex" condem ned the Dutch and the islanders of St. Eustacia for their treachery in supplying the rebelliou s colonies with provisions. Âˇ" Hortator" gave his advice to the navy on how to capture the French merchant fleet and destroy her ships of the line. But probably the most interesting pa rts of the newspapers <Ire the advertisements; there were auctions every day on the wharves as boats came in and advertisements for ca rgoes and passengers for outgoing ships. Onc adverti sement reads : PUBLIC AUCTION . TOMORROW X O'CLOC K WILL BE SOLD At THOMAS STEWART & Co's AUCTION ROOM , No. 42 on the Bay. 1 pipe and 9 half pipes Madeira wine, London quality, warranted as genu ine as imported . A few quarter casks of old sherry, port, Lisbon, Malmsey, Peigni ack , Tent and Madeira wines. 2 casks orange juice 20 boxes wh ite candles, Th is was a smalt auction. Sometimes the auctioneers offered a wide variety of articles va ryi ng from wines to Bibles and prayer books, soldiers' shi rts and reindeers' tongues, Many people evidently owed money and the papers were full of demands for payment. Evidently negro slaves were taking advantage of confusion and the chance of getting away by boat, to run away from their owners. There were often notices of slave s<l les: To be Sold at Public Vendue On Tuesday, 16th. Janua ry 1781 At the DweUing House of the Subscriber Sundry NEGROES Among whom are a good cooper, a cook , waiting boys and a fellow used to a boat. LIKEWISE Sundry Articles of House Furniture. 199

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John Ward, who had lost a slave, advertised; "Run away from the subscriber last Saturday night, a negro fellow named WATERFORD, a taylor by trade, had on when he went away a grey cloth surtou t coat and a Bath coat ing wa istcoat; he is a tall slim fellow with a scar over his left eye, and has an iron on his leg. Whoever delivers him to me at No. 17 Broad Street shall have two dollars reward; and whoever

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harbours or employs him will be prosecuted according to law. "

There are other interesting pieces of information. There is an appreciation of II picture of the Earl of Chatham in the House of Lords when he received that fatal stroke which put a period to his illustrious life. At Well s' stationery and book store new publications were advertised, among them the works of Montesquieu, Johnson, Sterne, Pope, F ielding, Lord Chesterfield , Richardson, Voltaire and Go ldsmith as well as many others. Mr. Wells incident ly owned the Royal Gazette. There were during the year vivid reports of the storms along the Northern coasts and snippets of informat ion appear from time to time from the West rnd ies, London, The Hague, Spain and even Warsaw. News from near at hand was largely about the desperate state of the rebel forces and of the loyalist successes against them. The plight of G reene's men was truly desperate for he himself wrote, "For upwards of two months nlore than two thirds of our men were ent irely naked with nothing but a breech cloth about them, and never came out of their tents; and the rest were as ragged as wolves. Our beef was perfect ca rrion ". It was a life very different from our own in Cha rlestown in 178 1, with the harbour full of sai lin g boats the commu nity supported by slave labour, a ga rrison of foreign soldiers maintaining law and order and the outlying areas never safe from brigands or rebel forces. Yet trade seemed to go on as usual ; Mr. Wells had Pope's poetry and Fielding's novels to sell; food does not seem to have been very scarce by the number of boats going in and out of harbour, though it was probably expensive. The Garrison had its Balls as usua l and a notice revea ls that the Ancient and Honourable Fraternity of Mason s had time and place to contin ue their meetings. But beneath the surface of norrnaliJy the influence of the war can be detected in a town which had not hea rd of the English disaster at Yorktown and was stil l co nfident of Royalist success. P.D. (The Royal South Carolina Gazette may have continued unti l December, 1782. The Editors would be interested to hear of other copies.)

J I I

J MEXICAN ART H Art po ur l'art" has never found a handhold on Mexican art, which has a lways been a functional art. The earl y Mexican civilizations were theocratic societies which used art merely as the means to their religious ends. It is an art of sym bolism; subject-matter and decoration are rarely used for their own sakes but for their sym bolic meaning. The functiona lism of Mexican art wh ich had previously been directed to religious purposes today clamours for social justice, for "Mexico for the Mexicans". Beauty has always been only incidental. The result has been twofold: firstly, the field of aesthetic emotion has been drastically curtailed- and now sometimes vu lgarized; secondly, such emotio n that is expressed is charged with vigour and vital ity, beca use of the belief behind it. It is bursting with that energy which is derived from the proximity of art to religion. Art plays a different role in Mexican life tban it does in European. Praxiteles' figures or Poussin's landscapes are idealistic as well as naturalistic because Europea n civilizations were proud of their mastery over the concrete world. They did not feel any desire to escape from a Nature that was subservient. The Mexicans, however, were dominated

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by a fear of the unknown, were preoccupied in death , and ex pressed in their art the urge to escape from Nature-from themselves. The result is that while European art is generally o rganic, the art of M-exico is geometric ; the Europea n impulse erotic, the Mexican fatalistic. There is no desire to idealize Nature but to crcate a symbolism from it, whereby they could most directly express their fear, sadism, and their fatalism. The first quality necessary for a great art is unity, for that is a testimony of the sincerity of the creators. Certain unifying trends may be traced throughout Mexican art. There were many civilizations in Mexico, and though art differs in detail , the trends are still one. The first main trend is that of dynamic force. Mexican art, as we have seen, is never trivial because of its connection with a creed. The rei-igious fervour of PreColumban art is still alive today in the harsh emotion of Orozco and in the monumental force of Sigueiros, the mural painter. Closely connected with this continuous trend of vitality, in fact, part of it, is the Mexican use of bright and varied colour. The polychrome ceram ics were a special ity of the Mixbeca-Puebla culture, wh ile even Archaic potters had used the simple colours of black, white, buff and red to great effect. The gilt altars are fine examples of colour in the Colonial period, while modern painters, li ke Diego Riviera and Tarnayo preserve this feeling for striking colour. The room at the Tate Ga llery a llotted to popular art was a glorious explosion of colour. It is this use of colo ur, coupled wit h the force of emotion that makes Mexican art so al ive and vital. In subject-matter Mexican art has the same unity. The theme is a mixture of fear and sad ism . While Pre-Colum ban art often expressed itself in funerary urns, in death-masks, in fearful representations of the destructive divinities, so modern painting depicts the cruelty of man to man, the barrenness of th is earth , and so on. Even the humorous popular art deals with death- as in the carvings in sugar of skeletons in wedding clothes, the symbol for inevitable destruction. An inferiority complex pervades Mexican art; formerly man was plagued by Nature and the gods, now he is tormented by man and his in ven ti ons. In Pre-Colum ban art, there were many differences between the art of vario us civilizations, but these can usually be traced to their va rying environment. It is yet another proof of the sincerity of Mex ican a rt, for it was so essentia ll y a part of li fe. The art of the G ulf of Mexico, being a ferti le region, decorated its ceramics with more natural designs-such as the fish- than the Aztecs ; its faces smi le, while Mayan faces are grim . The sober solidity of Teotihuacan art reflects the geometric shapes of the geology of the central plain. It is this unity of perception, with the necessary dissimilarities to account for different environ ments, that testifies to the spontaneity of Mexican a rt. It is part of li fe itself, not the distinct "art pour I'art" that has steri lized the art of nineteenth and twentieth century Europe. S.N.B.

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PRIOR WIBERT Prio r Wibert was o ne of the lesser-kn own prio rs of the monastery of Christ Church, Canterbury. during the twelfth century. He deserves to be much better-kn own for the great works which he performed during his priorate, for when he came, the monastery was practically bankrupt, and when he died in 1167, it was very wea lthy indeed. Lavish expend itu re o n rich food an d d rink had ruined the monastery, and on ly when Wibert became Pri or did money come in again. Wibert's name and date of birth arc not known, but his French name gives some clue to his origin, probably Normandy. " Gu" was interchangea ble with "w" and so his name in French'would be "G uibert". He was a grea t administrative genius. He saw the wisdom in a p~ l icy of buying pr~perty in the ~ity of Canterbury to swell the income of the monastery, and a document In the Ca thed ral Library, Rental 31, shows how he followed this pQlicy. This document mentions Gervase, who was professed a monk in 11 63, and a lso Wibert, in the present tense, who died in 1167. So we may put its date at 11 65. The document is a record of property owned in Canterbury. It is the ea rl iest lon g, detailed descriptio n of a borough in existence, and no document of the period approaches it in clarity. A few examples of entries in it :Ivo the Cook , John Fitz-Ro bert-Fitz-Richard-Fitz-Osmond, and many others rented property in Canterbury from the monastery. I vo was the Cook ~f the monks, and maryy servants of the monastery besides him occupied houses of Canterbury and paid rents for them. ThiS shows that they were not mere menials, but were men of property. Hugh. the servant of the Infirmary. owned ground at Turnagain Lane ; Vavasur the Cook owned a hOllse in Palace StreetÂˇ; Drinchcdreste ("drink the d regs"! obviously addicted to ale!) was a scullion and rented a house along Broad Street ; Godefrid the Baker lived in a ho use behi nd the Bakehouse, near to hi s job ' and Wi ll iam de Eynesford is mentioned. William was the man who stood surety for Becket and when' he fled. had to pay heavy surety money Âˇto Henry II . T he " terra gilde mercatorum" or " land of the merchants' guild" was mentioned, showing that gui lds were now well established, Besides these people, many outsiders rented ho uses; Elvrix Uphea had what is now a cycle shop near the Queen's Head Hotel; John Bievin a house in Burgate (now a lawyer's); John the Carpenter three acres in Wincheap, wh ich were orig inally bought from G regory of Kenfield, as was Boots the Chemist's; Doctor Swan's house was on the site of the Headmaster's house, and the site of the Hoystings was bought from one Baldwin Calvel (baldpate) whose grandfather, William Calvel, came over with William the Conqueror. This document was almost certainly Wibert's composition; either he himself wrote it out, or, more probably, some monk skilled in writing was given the task, Before Wibert became Prior in 11 51 he had been sub-prior under Prior Wal ter Parvus, and had even then started buying properties. It is in' a document referri ng to the purchase of a house in the town that we first hear of him, Another of Wi bert's policies was the eviction of lay people who owned pr,operty in the Precincts. S!x of these owned fai rly large holdin gs behind the Brewhouse and Bakehouse; these were bought out by WI bert about 11 60. There are several interesting points about these houses; firstly, one which belonged to Elfwin Everga, was almost certai nly mentioned in Domesday Book. It was the l a~t bu~ one westwards; the last was John Pinel's. To the east of these houses were those of Robert F ll z-RIchard, Dunstan, Modlief, and Alan of Ratl ing. Alan, for some unknown sin, was excommun icated by Becket. ,He is known to have given up his holding here in 11 60, and he was let off 14d, p.a. of the 26d. he had paid for this holding and o ne he rented near St. George's Church. As before mentioned when these houses became vacant, Godefrid the Baker was given one. His children were some of th'e 6rst to be healed at Becket's shrine, but later this baker deserted the monks and sided with Archbishop Baldwin in his struggle with the monks, One of Wi bert's characteristics was his keenness on metalwork, This art was only j ust being rediscovered, and he made good use of it. Apart fro m his great wate ~works, which .constitute his greatest work, in which lead pipes were used, he donated a great bell, candlesticks, and possibly the angel at the top of the Angel Steeple depicted on the new seal which he introduced. This bell was the sixth to be given to the monastery ; Prior Ernulf gave the firs t ; this was re-cast by the next Prior, Conrad, who gave four smaller ones, and then Wibert gave his, It was "i n Clocario" 0T i~ the bcll~ tower on t he Campanile, which was probably also the home of the other five bell s. At thiS tIme,

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bells were no t being hung at the top of towers, firstly because the bu ilders were ~fra i ~ that t he tower would fall down, and secondly because there seemed no reason fo r it ; !hereforc: WI bert s bell was hun g o nly a few feet above ground level. We are to ld that 32 men were reqUIred to fln g the bell . The Campan ile bellwtower was de:stroyed by <I n earthquake ~ 11 May 21.st, 1,382, o n exactly t h~ satlle day as that o n which Wyclif's doctnnes .we~e condemned. But 111 1343 WI bert s bell was not thele, and so at some time between 11 60 and 1343 It disappeared, no one knows where. In 1161 Archbishop Theobald d ied, and the office of Archbishop became vacant. It "Yas now the King's wish that Becket should take it and Wi bert and the senior monks, after long consultation, ~greed. Now, we are told that the "aged Prior Wibert" went to London with his monks for the consecratJo~ of Becket. This throws some light upon Wibert's date of birth ; in those days "aged" might be a nythlOg from 40 upwards, so he presuma bly was born between 1090 and 11 20, probably nearer the first. During Wi bert's priorate, man.y build ings, wer~ constructed for t.he rm;mastery. They were th.e fi~Âˇst for some time, because during Kmg Stephen s reign general depreSSio n reigned, and the mo nastel y h.ld been in a very low state fin ancially. First of course there were the waterworks, a description of which may be fou nd in ArcJweologia Calltim;a, Vol. VlI, but , unfo rtunately, too detai led a subject to mention here at length. These were indubitably his greatest service to the monastery, Then there were buildings connected. wit~ the waterworks; the Bapt istry, . the Necessa rium, and the water-tower in the Cloisters. The Baptistry IS the tower nea r the Cat hed ral ~Ibrar~. of oc~ago n al shape. The name is erroneous, for it was never used for baptising; water was suppited to It, and It was u~ed ~y the monks for washing at, when, in the early morn ing, they passed frol,n th,e G reat ~Il~ Second ~ol:nl1tOTl es to the 6rst service of the day in the Cathed ral. In the Norma n drawlllg III E~dw mc: s Psal.ter, It IS shown as having a basin , o r channel, with eight taps, Perhaps these are only ho les .Ill ~ pipe wh ich went round the tower and the whole thing was turned on at once, When the Tower was bUilt, It wa~ ryext to the pass.age leading f;om the Cloisters to the Prior's gateway; it still is, but the build ing aroun.d It IS almost certalT~ly different from the one there when it was built. It is in two stories ; at the bottom IS a vaulte~ space With a pillar in the centre, up a hole in \~hich the water flowed to th~ basins in the tOI? sto~y. Th~s t~p s to~ey js covered in by a pointed roof. IncI~e~tally, I~e Norma.n d~awll1g shows a doo.r m thiS roof inSide wh,lch one may see the water pipe; but thiS IS certam} y a deylce mve nte~ by the art l~t for the sa ke of c1 anty. In each section of the wali of the upper storey IS it sta tned-glass wmdow,. four In all, ~ut there are comparatively recent. Also, some of the outer part of the tower has been rebUilt. The roof IS completely new. The Necessarium sometimes called the Third Dormitory, was on the South side of the Green Courl. It was a low bui ldi~g, with 55 ~ubic!es .. There was a yault b~low, throu gh wh~ch the G:reat Se.wer ~~wed and cleaned it. This channel still eX ists m par.t, and mne sectio ns may be seen m the flllns beluod L.udergate and four in Prior Sel1ingegate. Each cubicle had a wid th ~f 2 feet 7 inc~es, an~ ~he length of the whole building was 145 feet. A .door Jed fro m the Great Dormito ry to a vestibule gIVIng access to the Second Dormitory and Necessa null1, so that monks could reach the latter from an,ywhere. Presumably there was also one at the east end , Thi s buil d ing was almost certainly erected by Wlbert, for there would have been no use for it without the waterwo rks. Another erection of Wi bert was the water-tower in the Cloisters, The drawing shows it to .be like the Baptistry but the basins appear to be placed in the arches under the roof. T he place where It was may still be identified by a different style of architecture, in two a rches o n t he north side of the Cloi sters . One of his greatest works was the Infirmary Chapel. The pillars of its south side remain, and al.so the ais le of that side is exposed. It may be seen that the chapel was separated by a wall from th~ '!lalll hall to the west, and probably there was a single door in the centre. There are fOl!r arches. rema mm g, each supported by solid cyl indrical pillars, A.nother en.tra n~ to the chapelma,y be discerned In the shap~ of, a small door, and a chancel with great wmdows st ili ~X I St S, ~he chapel ~Id not last very lo ng, fo r It W,IS destroyed in the great fire of 11 74, the traces of which remam on the plilars of the Infirmary HaU. Near the I nfirmary is the Treasury, or Vestiarium, also built during \yibert's prio~ate. T~e monastery at this time had many valuable documents, besides wea lth, and a buildlOg was reqUIred which would be more fire-proof than the previous housi ng , It was built adjo ining. the Cathedral at the end of the pa~k Entry, a square building supported, like many others, on vaults WIth fine Norm~ n arc:hes. It r~m a lO s In perfect condition , T he room above the vaults has another, later, room above It, bU ilt so me tunc aft er Wibert's death.

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In the drawing, a bui lding is shown to the north of thePiscina , labelled "nova camera prioris" or "new house of the prior". This might quite possibly have been built by Wibert. It is quite a small house with â&#x20AC;˘ a tiled roof. No rema ins of it arc apparent. T he next of his works we discover is the remains of the Pentise Gate, in the hOllse of the Archdeacon of Canterbury. The Pentisc was not yet constructed, but there was probably a way lead ing from this gate to the Green Court Gate. Wi bert also built this, but the only remarkable remains are the arches above the modern gate. These are very wide, a nd have curious carvi ngs on them. Two may be iden tified as a man reading and one playing a lyre or harp; there are many flowers depicted also. Next to the Green Court Gate, Wibert built the Aula Nova, o r North Hall, in the pos iti on now occupied by Galpin's House. Of this Hall only the Norman Staircase leading to it and so me arches remain. It is possible, however, that the arches in the Undercroft under the School Library are part of it. The Hall was most likely used .for accommodating t.he p~orer pilgrims who came to the monastery. It was a large room about 150 feet lfl length a nd 40 feet lfl Width, and was supported on vaults. The Norman Staircase led up to it, and nea r here was the Lavatory served by the water-system. lt was presumably for the convenience of the poorer pilgrims before mentioned, Underneath it is- o r rat her was- a small chamber which was the cell in which the Prior kept any malefactors with whom he had to dea l; the blocked-up doo rway to this may still be seen o n the side of the Sta ircase. Prio r Wibert wa nted to establish a fixed bOlllldary to the Precincts, He extended the bou ndary to the City Wa ll behind the Brewhouse and Bakehouse by buying o ut the six lay inhabitants (v. a.), and he built a wall and gate to separate t he "cimiteri um laicorum" from the monastery. A point to notice is that these bu il d ings have remained in very good conditio n for a lmost 800 yea rs. Those that are not in existence, or afe in ruin s, are practically all those bui ldings which were demo li shed bu ilt into houses, or destroyed by fire and ot her similar happenings. One wonders how many moder~ build ings will still be in ex istence in the year 2753, eight hundred years from to-day. Wibert died on the 5th of the Kalends of vctober, in 11 67, and he was buried in the Chapter House. T his was later rebuilt, and his bones may not now be found, He was o ne of t he best Priors that the Monastery at Canterbury ever had. His death was mentioned in several documents of the time. He had bettered the finances of the monastery by providing it with a large income from rents of properties in the City; he had bought out unwanted laymen; he had built the waterworks, which were later to protect the monastery at the time of the Black Death; he had constructed the Treasury, in which many precious documents and wealth were protected at the time of the fire in 11 74; and had altogether been of great benefit to the mo nastery. 1l.K.J. '" Next to the British Restaurant ; a jeweller's shop. (This article has won the Cat hedra l Prize.)

POEM The th underous power of roarin g wheels, Steel on steel, The pent-in pressure of boilers' pipes, Whistle and steam. Flashing movement a nd screaming speed, The sha llow thrill of the watcher's creed. The sombre stillness of a stationary giant, Solely a lone, With motion less form and furnace cold : Perhaps on dewy rails of misty line: Here is the glori ous power I ca ll mine. M.e.p.

â&#x20AC;˘ T HE

CANTUA R1 AN

BOOK REYJEW A Portrait 0/ Canterbury, by Richard Church. ( Hutchinson, 15/-.)

This book is described o n its jacket as " the portrait of a city .... faithfu l both to chronology and to fac t". By this, therefore, the book must be estimated; the claim ca n, however, hardly be substantiated , as we sha ll see. On page 16, there is a vivid description of day-to-day life in Roman Kent: the second paragraph of the sa me page states that "o ur knowledge of day-to-day existence is fragme nt ary and speculative". Mr. Church's description must therefore be the product of clairvoya nce. The same page again descri bes the Ro mani zat ion of the Belgae fifty years before Julius Caesar: "what r have sa id about the Belgae is merely speculation" , Mr. Church states on page 134 that Becket landed at Whi tsa nd: he d id Âˇnot. He sa iled from Wissa nt in France and landed at Sandwich. A John, Bishop of Oxford , is mentioned on page 130, but that See was founded under Henry VIII , There is an obvio us co nfusion with John of Oxford, Bishop of Norwich. On page 150, we read that in the twelfth century the Ci ty " langui shed in poverty an d famine". The loca l l.I rchives have nothing to support this. On page 154, Mr. Church says that in a ll England he knows of o nly two "pictures and images" of Becket that surv ive. Let him read Dr. Borenius' Becket ;11 Art (Meth uen, 1932) or his article in Volume LXXIX of Archaeologica (1929). The autho r's most serious historica l blunder is made over the law refo rms of Henry I I. The "Constitution of Clarendon" (sic) is described (page 129) as a Code, as Henry's greatest act of Statecraft and the origin of the Curia Regis, while Common Law (with the implicat ion that it was founded o n Roman Law) replaced the evils of Ca non Law; and on page 146, Hen ry repudiates the "Const itut ion of Clarendon", which he never did. fn 11 76, he even made the Papal Legate give a part ial assent. Again , on page lSI , Philip Augustus of France is incorrectly stated to have invaded this country and made Ca nterbury his headquarters, The book is liberally scattered wit h minor inaccuracies: "George Street" instead of "St. George's Street"; "Dovern um" for " Durovernum". S1. Martin's Church is rather sweepi ngly described as "beyond the Dover road", T he Dean's garden is placed "just in front of the ruined library", On page 43, one, Peter, is a nachronist ica lly desc ri bed as first Abbot of St. Augllst ine's, at a time when that Abbey was dedicated to S1. Peter and SI. Paul. Talking of Christopher Marlowe (whose life-story, rather to the detriment of chronology, is placed in the midst of the Laudia n period), the author describes the poet "Stari ng up day after day at the great Angel Tower (Bell Harry)". The Angel Tower was the work of Lanfranc and had given way in Marlowe's time to Bell Ha rry, bui lt in 1433 a nd the foll owing yea rs, a nd to equate the two, let alone to have Marlowe staring at a tower a hundred years gone, shows gross ignorance. So indeed does the assertion that Dunstan'S shrine is now in the Choir of the Cat hedra l, to the South of the steps before the High Altar. Nor ca n we allow such ca reless generalisat ions as this: "t he corner-stone of the Christian faith is II recogni tio n of the sanct ity and the responsibil ity of the individ ual". God would appear to have been ousted. And aga in: "it is o bv ious th at the heads of the Christian Chu rch in Rome would look with some disfavour upon this un ion of ecclesiastica l !l nd nationa l capitals 'Canterbury', and would give at least covert enco uragement to the claims of York" . We would be interested in the autho rities for th is statement. Despite so much to criticize, yet the worst passage in the book has to be considered still ; at page 33, there is an illustrat ion of a gravestone, wh ich is likely to have been im ported from Italy in the eighteenth century as a collector's piece. This is said by the a uthor on page 23 10 be the t6mb of a you ng Roman gi rl living in Ca nterbury, and clairvoyance again comes into play to give us a touching account of her deat h. The following pages are the most nauseating sentimentality. avowedly expressive of the parental emot ion at the chi ld's death. Had the au thor omitted this fabulous nonsense and mentioned the amazing find in Canterbury of a Roman theatre-a majo r a rchaeologica l advance-his portrait might have been more successful. There is one purple patch which spri ngs to mind, and that is, on page 120 ff" a description of Becket the man, but as the author says , "it needs the genius of Rembrandt to put the fin ishing touches to th is port rait", and Rembrandt was not one to smooth off a shoddy picture with the occasional purple patch. If all the energy that is devoted to writing poor and nonsensica l books about Canterbury was devoted to o ne standard, authoritat ive a nd accu rate study, that study would be a prodigious achievement, so great is the weight of printed folly on the subject. P.H.M. ~05

â&#x20AC;˘ THE

CAN TUARIAN

SCHOOL CONCERT For a school orchestra to include in its programme at a school concert Mendelssohn 's Overture Ruy

BIas it is an achievement indeed, but to receive a performance slich as we heard at the opening of the Easter concert o n March 21st, is nothing short of an astonishing feat. The speed was fast enough to bring life to the work, and the cl imaxes were splendidly built. Young people never rea lise how difficult the playing of Bach is. Its difficulty lies in its rhythm . Without rhythm the work is as nothing. The Concerto No. 2 in C for Three Pianos by Bach was pl ayed by B. C. M. Cardew, E. R. G. Job and P. H. Moss with string accompaniment. The so loists gave very creditable accounts of themselves, though, to be sure, it was no easy task on accou nt of the tiresome acoustics of the Chapter House. The strings accompanied discreetly rather than sympathetically. There were lapses of rhythm on both sides but then "i t is the privilege of youth to hurry". There were two individual soloists, R. A. Lawrence, a tenor, and R. F. Luno, a 'cellist who was making his first solo appeara nce at a School Concert. Lawrence sang two songs; the o ne, the area Youth will 1/01 give heed from Mozart's opera Th e Marriage 0/ Figaro, the other, a Serenade from The Fair Maid of P~l'th of ~i ze t. .1n spite of hi s limited volume and the height of some of the notes, Lawrence obviously ca ptivated hiS aud ience. Lunn played an arrangement for 'cel lo of a Handel Oboe Concerto. Once again the acoustics of the hall played havoc with the unfortunate soloist, but he surmounted the difficulties admirably. Another work of Bi zet was played- his L'AI'/esielllle su ite No. I. Thi s work ca Us for careful attention to detail and thi s it did not receive fro lll the King's School Orchestra. The balance was bad and the enunciation was completely ignored. The Adagietto was the o nly movement that came anywhere near a reasonable standard . Thi s work taken as a whole gives ample scope for the various sections of the orchestra to show what they can do. The strings, although there was no unanimity of bowing, were, on the whole, better than might have been expected. The balance of the woodwind and brass was poor ; the lovely cl arinet solo in the first movemerif, beautifully played by S. C. Hardisty, was drowned by an oboe. The saxaphone solo in the second movement might have come from a New York ni ght club instead of the Chapter House of Ca nterbury Cathedral. And the horns- verba mihi deslIIlI. The Choral Society jo ined the Orchestra for a performance, if that be the word, of C. H. H. Parry's Choral Odo Blest Pail' of Sirens. But for the programme notes, we should have been deprived of the lovely words of Milto n and woul d have had to suffice with the not-so-I ovely music of Hubert Parry. How a bunch of boys can stand on the platform, with their heads buried in the copies, hardly making any noise at all. is inconceivable. "0 may we soon aga in renew that song. RAMBERT

BELSEN, 1953 The flat moorland , covered with a little low scrub, stretched, with a sli ght upward slope, in all directions; the surrounding pine-woods, a sombre, watching circle, closed the ring, so that no distant eye could see into this haunted hollow . The silence was oppress ive. rt seemed that no bird dare sing, nor any animal show sign of life there: or was eight yea rs not long enough to reinstate the life of nature in this terrible place? Hardly any traces remained of the outer and inner pali sades; a mile away stood the intervening belt of pinetrees, which used to be patrolled by fierce dogs, all day and night. None of the buildings remained, but near the centre appeared a low green mound , grass-grown, a clean-cut, level oblong, with sloping sides, some thirty yards in length, and half as wide; before it a plain notice-board read, "Here lie buried 600 bodies", and underneath the same was written in German. The simple words forced home the horror of the thing, as could no more elaborate epitaph. Further on was another mOllnd, of four hundred, and another of a thousand, one of two thousand, and several more, grouped about the central monument, a taU obelisk of stone, built on a stone platform, fifty yards in length. Alo ng the back of the pl atform ra n a wall, on which, in raised letters of stone, were the tributes of many nati ons in thei r own languages, that of the Jews being nea r the centre. The English inscription said, "To all those who died in this place." Still the pine-woods watched, and still there was no song of bird, or cheerful sOllnd of any living creature; hardly would one's tongue form words. for on th is spot had not human nature sunk to the lowesl depths of degradatio n?

K.A .C.G.

206

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THE DURNFORD HISTORY LIBRARY

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HOUSE PLAYS LlNACRE AND LUXMOORE HOUS ES At the end of last term Linacre and Luxmoore had the unenviable task of presenting their house plays after Meister Omces' superb production. But though Meister Omers' remained the most polished production of the series Linacre and Luxmoore both reached a high standard. They too were content to perform comedies; we eagerly await the time when some house will present a drama or a tragedy . Linacre House presented Will allY GentJemam' by Vernon Sylvaine. Fits, when he CQuid not conceal his admiration for the opposite sex, after being hypnotised at a music hall, led Henry Stirling, played by P. H. Moss, into some embarrassing situations. Moss deserves particular commendation for a very good performance, the first time he has ever acted. Now quivering with agitation before his wife, his mother-in-law or his manager, now making amorous advances to the maid or to the hypnotist's assistant, with carefree confidence, he kept the audience laughing. N. C. O. Raffle took the part of Charlie, Henry Stirling's matter-of-fact, down and out brother, and he succeeded in making what might have been a very ordinary part into a lively and amusing one by mea ns of some well appreciated slapstick. M. C. Patterson made the hypnotist a powerful and unpleasant personality with a foreign accent, employing an assistant, Angel, played by P. J. S. Furneaux, who knew exactly what was required to attract timid midd le aged men. Of the other femalc parts A. N. A. Browner, as Henry Stirling's common little maid, and R. H. C. Symon as a typical mother-in-law, reminiscent of Lady BrackneU, were the best.

Linacre had a so und permanent set but their scene cha nges revealed last minute improvisat ion. The ladies' costumes too savou red of hasty preparation ; however, this is easily forgiven in a play where everyone could hear, despite the notorious acoustics of the Chapter House, and when everyone lallghed so much. Mr. Sugden, the producer, of this as well as Meister Omers' play, is to be congratulated . David Clift and C. W. Freyer took on the burden of production as well as two main parts in Luxmoore's play Master of Arts by William Home Douglas. The high standa rd is a great credit to them when every other house except School House enlisted the aid of a mastcr. Freyer gave a polished performance as Ronald Knight, a housemaster at an English public school, where he had trouble with parents, with the headmaster, with a blackmailing pupil and inevitably he fell in love with the boy's pretty young sister. We have been used to seeing Freyer in character parts but his versatility was demonstrated by the personality and humou r he brought to a straight part. J. de V. Allen was a dry and efficient headmaster; E. C. Ash gave an amusing caricatu re of aristocratic decadence as the Duke of Fernyrigg; D. J. Kirsch portrayed vulgarity accompanying new found weal th and fame as the Right Honourable Frederick Spender, P.C., M.I>. Robin Spender, the blackmailer, was made a worthy son of his father by R. S. Waiters. As required, he made him a really unpleasant child, supercilious and self-confident. Clift took the part of Charles, son of the Duke of Fernyrigg and ca ptain of Ronald Knight's house. He was stupid and credulous and exasperated everybody; Clift's acting was especially good in a scene when he was drunk. Of the female parts H. L. Clark as Fiona Spender was the best, exhibiting none of the unpJeasant qualities of her father or brother. The set was well constructed with a pleasant backcloth painted by Mr. Stainer. The efrects were good. Luxmoore provided a very com peten t and amusing production to bring the series to a close.

207

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CAN TUARIA N

A VISIT TO B.A.O.R. [Editor's No/e.- 1Jle writer spell/ "llle days 0/ last Holidays as olle of a party of 15 K,S. cae/els am/three officers: MI'. Gross, Mr. Lawrence, alld J. A. B. Denton, O.K.S. , attached /0 the 4/h Regl. R.H.A. iI/ barracks at Holme, N. W. Ge,.maIlY.] We travelled on Sunday, 12th April from Liverpool Street to Harwich by train, across the North Sea during the night to the Hook, and from there to Celie, where we arrived at 6.30 p.m. on Monday evening. We were met at Celie by the R.S. M. who had charge of us during O Uf visit , and we travelled with him fo r the last few miles to the barrack s. Hohne barracks is not at all like those at Canterbury, in fact the reverse. The camp was built before the war as a Summer ca mp for Hitler's German Army. 1t is really a military village fo r it contains every amenity from its own laundry to its own bus service. In the centre or it there is the Round House, a very large building used formerly for high ranking German Officers' conrerences (the Polish Campaign was planned there) and now used by the W.V.S. ror the Services and their families. It contains varied amusements, such as reading rooms, gramophone rooms, a restaurant, and even a book shop. In the camp there are also luxurious cinema, games fie lds, and riding stables. The camp continued to be used througho ut the war and nearby there was set up the inramous Belsen Concentration Camp. At the liberation the surviving inmates of Belsen were brought to the ca mp and, after they had left, the buildings wcre burnt out and thoroughly rebuilt to be used by B.A.O. R. Little remains to be seen of Belsen itself. There is a towering obel isk in stone rising up fr om a long wall which has the memorial sentences of about a dozen nations carved upon it; there is a separate Jewi sh memorial, and of course there are graves. These are no more than grass mounds surmou nted by gri m plaques li ke: " Here lie 5,000 bod ies". There were too many to count, but a grave containing 20,000 was not uncommon . The day I went happened to be the eighth anniversa ry of the ca mp's liberation. "Eight years", I thought , "a nd still no birds sing here". Our programme for the week was very well organ ized. We were first introduced, as it were, to the Regiment by being talked to on its function and its organization and then by becoming acq uainted with the main form of arti ll ery, the 25-pounder glm. We then joined into a "scheme" with the Regiment in the countryside surrounding the camp. The idea was to spend a whole day and night there, but rain spoilt any prospect or the night exercise. Our evenings were normally spent either in the Juni or N.C.O.'s Mess, which we used, or in the Round House, or perhaps in the cinema. Later in the week we travelled to an armoured car regiment and to an anti-aircraft regiment. We were able to fire from an armoured car but not from an A.A . gun, However, we ga ined some compensation in a room called the " Dome Trainer". This is a darkened room with a dome-shaped ce ili ng onto which is projected a film or an aircraft passing across the "sky" . On the ground is the sights of a Bofors gun for three men to use and the object is to score as many " hi ts" as possible. This is difficult to newcomers as we were, beca use a mistake on the part of only one of the three "sighters" puts the ot her two in chaos. Moreover, the plane is moving quick ly and often at an awkward angle. When the turn of our officers came it was evident that they had had previous experience ! On the Friday we visited the 5th R.T.R., who had three Centurion tank s ready for ou r appraisa l. When we arrived they were firi ng at targets of from 200 yards up to fi ve miles! The tanks weigh 50 tons so that it is scarcely surprising to hear that they are powered by the engines which propelled Spitfires during the Battle of Britain . In the afternoon we were taken for " rides" and those who had licenses were allowed to drive. Driving a tank is hardly like driving a car: the clutch travel is about 2t feet, there is no steering wheel, and the gear lever has to be treated with force. 1 must have used too much force on mine, because I quickly broke off the knob. Moreover the tracks threw dirt into my eyes and I stalled on a gentle slope, but in spite of it all I enjoyed this as much as anything we had done . On Saturday, our last day, we spent the morning with an R.A, Field Regiment 0 11 open ranges and hurried back to the officers' mess before lunch in order to look. at the regimental silver. After lunch we spent the rest of the day in Celie. It is in Celle that the original castle of the Hanover family is situated (Hanover itself is about 35 miles away). There are a lso some charming 15th and 16th cen tury houses, some of which have now become shops. Fortunately the town was not bombed at all during the war. So we came to the end of our week, By Monday we were back in England. Everyone had enjoyed the visit, probably because we never had time to be bored and because every effort had been made to make us welcome, The food had been excellent, and the accommodation good by almost any standard. The least I can do is to advise others to go next year if poss ible.

THE

CAN TUAR I AN

HOCKEY The House Matches followed their expected form last term and the final was duly played between Luxmoore and Walpole. Luxmoore seemed to be generall y a better balanc~d side than Walpole whose strength lay in a sturdy derence. Moreover, Luxmoore placed more emphasis on attack to the e~tent or moving Houry i up to inside-left. This policy gave excellent resu lts, for within ten minutes three goals had been scored, one of them by Gingell, normally an Under 14 Rugby player, who was playi ng in his first-eve r hockey match! The Walpole defence consolidated after these setbacks and no more goa ls were scored except one by Nash, Walpole's cen tre-half. The Oxford Hockey Festival The Oxrord Hockey Festival actually began before term ended, though we were not able to go up until Tuesday, March 31st. As usua l, we stayed in Trinity and thoroughly enjoyed the four games we played. The organisation was excellent in every way. fnjury and illness prevented th ree of the norma l eleven from playing, but we were by no means disgraced. Colours were awarded to Lancashire and Capurro . The first game was aga inst St. Edward's on Tuesday afternoon and resulted in a wi n ror us by three goa ls to two. It was a ga me of mi ssed chances on bot h sides. St. Edward's appeared to be a young side but they were none the less fast. Kelly, pl ay ing at cent re-forward, scored the first goa l from a good centre by Woolston, whose speed down the wing was a reature of the game. Just before half-time, St. Edward's scored after a prolonged assault in our circle, so that at ha lf-time we were I- I. fn the second half we were lucky that pl ay was confi ned for the most par t to the S1. Edward's hair because Barton, the School left-hair, had twisted a thigh muscle and was virtually a passenger. Several goa ls should have been scored: at least twice the forwards had only the goa l-kccper to beat. However, Roberts, combining well with Woolston , scored twice and we were 3- 1 until the closi ng stages of the game, when the St. Edward's cc.ntre-forward, who had been off the field with a bad ly Cllt thumb, celebrated his return with a good goal. On Wednesday morning we played Cheltenham College a nd lost 3- 0. The team was but a shadow of its former self and it seemed that practica ll y the only player up to form was theÂˇ Mo nkton Combe lert-hal r, who had kindly offered to play instead of Barton. The forward line was too sluggish and railed to make use or the passes given to them by the halves. Amongst the halves, Lancashi re was outstanding. Cheltenham's goals were all scored before half-time, two of them from short corners. In the seco nd hair, play was territorially even and it was again inaccurate shooting which left us without a si ngle goal. The derence stood firm , though at times unsteady, and it was stili 3- 0 when the final whistle was blown. Wednesday afternoon saw us on the smooth turr or Radley College racing Rugby. whose reputation stood as high as any school at the Festival. Fortunately we played as well in the afternoon as we had played badly in the morning, and a tense match resulted in a draw 1- 1. The game started at a very fast pace and our defence seemed to be overwhelmed by the hard hitting and accurate cross passing or the Rugby side. However, realising that we were able to do the same, the School settled down to play excellent hockey. Rugby dom inated the first half, having the advantages both of wind and a gentle slope; they should have scored more than the single goal, which Gray, their centre-forward, put into the net. In the second half, King's pressed continuously and came even nearer to scori ng than Rugby had done in the first hair : Roberts hit a post with a shot that had beaten everyone a nd soon aCterwards the Rugby left-back and captain only saved a certain goal by stopping the ball with hi s ha nd from entering the top corner of the net. Finally the SchoolÂˇ was rewarded for its efforts by a penalty-buUy about which Kelly made no mistake. There were still almost ten minutes left in which either side might have scored, but both defences remained firm and a draw resulted. The fin al game, on Thursday morning, was against Monkton Combe, who beat us by four goals to two, The life, shown against Rugby, was again missing, especially in the forwa rds. We were two goals down at half-time, one of them a weak shot which rolled underneath the goalkeeper's foot. Pl ay in the second hair was no better than in the first, save for two fine shots by Capurro, both of which were goals. However, two more by Monkton Combe before the end put the re~m lt beyond doubt.

209

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CANTUA RTAN

CRI CKET 1ST X I FIXTURES Opponents Date May 16. T he Nore Command June 4, St. Lawrence C.C. 6. Highgate School II. Dover College 13. The Bucca neers C.c. 16. 51. Lawrence College 18. M .C.C. 20. K.C.S., Wimbledon 27. Eastbourne College July 2. Sevenoaks Vine C.c. 7. Kent Cou nty Colts

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Home

124 118 158 223 215 184 11 7

Away Home Home

11 9 for 7 142 for 4 141

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RUIIS against 126 for 5 116 fo r 8 dec. 157 Did not bat- Rain 203 for 7 82 220 for 9 dec. 207 for 9 dec. 11 6 176 for 6 dec. 52

Result Lost Won Won Drew

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RET ROSPECT The 1st XI have had a good season. To date five matches have been won, five drawn (two of these were a bandoned), and ono 10sti no school matches were lost. It was obvious before the season began that the fielding would have to be good: there has been no bowler to replace J. B. Phillips. The fielding against the Nore Command was good, it was little worse agai nst S1. Lawrence C.C., but it steadi ly became worse with every match afterwards until the match against K.C.S., Wimbledon, after which two of the team were dropped solely for their inability to field clean ly. This seemed to have some effect and there was a distinct improvement so th at in the match aga inst the Kent Colts seven catches were held . The bowling has been good. The team has had to rely almost entirely on four bowlers: Donald and Harding to open, Herbert and Coll ins to spin the ball. Dona ld has been accurate without being able to move the ball very much either off the pitch or in the ai r ; Harding has been able to move the ball without having much sense of direct io n ; Herbert has been accurate and he has the ability to close up one end for an afternoon ; Coll ins has been of excellent va lue o n all wickets which were not too slow. Managed with sense they have been sufficient . Of the batsmen Rowe has been outsta nding in a crisis , his innings against Eastbourne, Highgate Dover and Sevenoaks Vine were models of their kind. La ine and Moor have had some good opening stands, Lawrence has batted well though not right up to his class, but Herbert has not batted as well as last year. Of the rest it ca n be sa id that the experience they have gained shou ld help them next year. Three members of the team are leavi ng this year. Next year's capta in will have to find a capable offspinner, a good opening bowler, and a good wicket keeper. However, if he can maintain the spirit shown by thi s year's team the Schoo l wi ll have a good eleven. 1ST X I BATTI NG AVERAGES Averages up to and including July J Ith

Times Name

J. A. Rowe .. ....... ..... R. A. Lawrence ..... .... .. ... D. C. Moor........... .. ... ... ... C. N. Laine .... .... .. ... ... .. .. .... E. W. Donald ........... ... . M. Hcrbert.. ...... ... ... D. H . Ogilvy ......... . .. . . R. C. Richa rdson ......... M. E, W, Vincent ... .. .. D. H . W. Kelly .... .. P. B, Harding ... ..... .... .

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414 322 116 390 345

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11.83 16.1 19.33 27.86 28.75

174.5 87 35 162.4 127

TEAM CHARACTERS R. J. C. COLLINs- He has bowled leg spinners well and successfully. If he can bowl a little fasLer he will add greatly to his success. He plays across the ball too much to be successful as a batsman . Lively in the field. E. W. DONALD- He is a trier in a ll that he does. He is inclined to bowl just too short especia ll y on soft wickets, but he is accurate and lively. Stiff and slow moving as a batsman he watches the ball and is difficult to shift. A good all~round cricketer. P. B. HARDING- When relaxed and in control of his nervousness he bowls very well , swinging the bull away and bringing it in from the off. Not yet good enough in the field. M . HERBERT- He is still a splendid all-round cricketer. The responsibility of captaincy accounts, I think,

for his moderate success as a batsman. His bowling has been very good. He spins the ball from the off and varies flight and pace with great skill. As a captain he has been quite the best the writer has known here. Always calm and tolerant he has handled the bowling and fielding with excellent judgement and skill. His own fielding has been an inspiration. O. H. W. KELLy- He is now a first class wicket-keeper. His good cheer hi.ls contributed llluch to the success of the eleven.

C. N. LAINl{-i-le has opened the innings with SliCceSS uud dash. A fine stroke player he must next year take ca re not to throw his wicket away just when he has the opposition worried. Lazy in the field this year. R. A. LAWRENCE- He has curbed his impetuosity and has played with judgement throughout. HeÂˇ is " magnificent stroke player and hits with tremendous power. A superb fielder close to the bat. O. C. MOOR- He has played some excellent innings. His weakness is that he puts his right Jeg inside the line of the ball on or about the leg stump instead of outside it and, in consequence, is vulnerable. His hooking and driving are first class. Rather lethargic between the wickets, he fields well. D. H. OGlLvy- He is a promising Âˇyoung cricketer. J. A. ROWE- Batting first wicket down he has made the most of his opportunities. His determinat ion . and sound judgement have resulted in a number of excellent innings. His stroke play is limited because he eschews the cross bat shot but that has been an asset to the side. His fielding at cover point has been good.

M. E. W. VINCf!NT- He is a promising young cricketer.

211

A.R.

THE CANTUAR 1A'N KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V THE NORE COMMAND

Played at 81. Stephen's on May 16th Against a good bowling side Lawrence was the only one to show any form in a good innings. The Nore Command were 74 for 5 befo re Vernon and Johnson hi t off the ru ns with ease. The Schoo l fielding was execlIent. ' Result: The Nore Command won by 5 wickets. KI NO'S SCHOOL

THE NORE CoMMAND

D. C. Moor, Ibw, b Vernon. ..... .............. C. W. Laine, c Cochrane, b Vernon .. " .. ,,,... J. A. Rowe, c Cochra ne, b Vernon .... ,........

7 3 3

R. A. Lawrence, c Vernon, b Bailey.......... R. C. Richardson, played on, b Cochrane.. A. P. Marks, b Bailey .. ".. .. ..... .. .... ........ ..

43 9 8

P. B. Harding, b Cochrane ... ,., .. , ... ..... ,.... D. H. W. Kelly, c Vernon, b Bailey.......... . Extras.............. , .. ,.,....... ... . .......... ..

19 5 3 16

M. Herbert, b Bailey................. .............

E. W. Donald, not out.. .. .... .. ... .......... .... R. J. C. Collins, c Hardstaff, b Pidgeon......

........... , ......... 124

Total... ..... Bailey .... .......... .... Vernon ............. , .. Pidgeon ............... Cochrane ............ Gallop ......... ......

Walton , c Marks, b Herbert..................... Packha m, b Donald.... ............................ Nicholson, c Kelly, b Donald..... ............... Davies, b Herbert................ .......... ..... Gallop, Ibw, b Donald........ ..................... Vernon , not out...... .................... .... .. ..... Johnson, not out ................. "... ...... COChrane } H,ardstaff Did not bat Pidgeon Bailey Extras........ ,..... .. ...... ...... ...............

16 16 10

7 8

4 6 5 I

27 28 19 18 16

4 3

55 4 8 2 2 28 26

Tota l (5 wickets} ........................ 128 Donald ...... ,.. .. ...... Harding ..... , ..... ... Herbert ...... ... ....... Collins.. .. ......... , ..

2 0

19 8 19 3

29 28 48 20

2 0 0

3 0 2 0

KI NO'S SCHOOL, CANTER BURY v ST. LAWRENCE C.C. On a slow, turn ing wicket only Brett and Edmonds looked like making runs. Brett was slow and made no attempt to ru n properly between the wickets. After two hours St. Lawrence declared leaving the School an equal time to hit ofT 11 7 runs. This. by good batting and the refusa l of the St. Lawrence captain to change the bowling, they did easily in an hour and a half. Result: The School won by 9 wickets. ST. LAWRENCE C.C.

D. C. Moor, not out................. ........ .. ... C. N. Laine, b Phillips... ........ .. ....... .. .. . M. Herbert, not out.... ....................... ......

6 22 8 2 16 4 0

f..t..~:!ence

R. C. Richardson D 'd b A. P. Marks E. W. Donald 1 not at R. J. C. Collins D . B. Harding D . H. W. Kelly Extras.. ...... ........... .................... .....

Total (8 wickets dec.) .............. .. ... 116 O.

Oonald ................. Harding..... ......... Herbert ...... ......... , Richardson .. .......

14.2 9 12 7

KING 's S CHOOL

J. Brett, c Moor, b Donald...... ........ ....... R. Kemp, b Harding...... ....................... J. Edmonds, b D onald... .......................... J. Newton, c Donald, b Herbert ................ B. J. Simpson, c Herbert, b Richardson.... .. G . B. Heyer, c Richardson, b Harding ...... R. W. Finnis, b Herbert.... ...................... R. Mayham, c and b Herbert... ................ R . Petit } J. B. Phillips Did not bat Pass Extras ...... .. ...... , .......... ....... ..... , .. ,..

3 2 3 0

28 30 29 24

2 2 3

Total (1 wicket) ...... .. .................. 11 8 J. B. Phillips .... .... G. B. Heyef. ........ J. Brett ........... .. ...

212

14 4 10

0 0 0

49 19 47

w. I

0 0

r TH E

C ANTUARIAN

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

HIOHGATF. SCHOOL

Played at St. Stephen's on June 6t h The wicket was rat her slow all day but it wou ld take sp in. Agai nst moderate bowling Highga te batted med iocrely for 157. Confident of their bowlers' a bilitr to spin the ball Highgate refused the new ball; Dean opened wit h his left hand spin bowling unchanged throughout the innin gs. After fou r balls Laine fOOlishly, nervously ran himself out: 0 for 1. Moor played sleepily at a short ball and was Ibw : to for 2. Herbert joined Rowe and both batted confidently; Herbert drove Dean well on the offside, on drove him for 6 but was caught next ball at the wicket trying to force a short one. Lawrence joined Rowe and very soon began to hook and d ri ve with great power. At the other end Rowe played solidly and with great determ ination; his effort was the foundation of the victory. Result : The School won by 7 wickets. HIOHOATE KI NG'S SCHOOL R. D. Brown, b Harding................. 16 C. N. Laine, run out.. ....................... .... 0 A. J. Reader, c and b Herbert....... . 20 D. C. Moor, Ibw, b Brown....................... 6 D. M. Bland, st Kelly, b HerberL...... ....... 19 J. A. Rowe, not out ........ "................ 50 A. F, Golton, c Kelly, b Hard ing......... ..... 49 M. Herbert , c Golton , b Camden.. . 28 C. Dean, c Lawrence, b Herbert............. .... 10 R. A. Lawrence, not out...... 69 C. D. Drybrough, b Collins........... ....... ... 20 R. C. RiChardson) A. P. Marks J. G. D. Buchanan, b Harding................... I E. W. Donald . F. Dastur, st Kelly, b Coll ins........ .... ... ... ... 0 R. J . C. Collins O ld not bat J. M. Fawcett, b Herbert.. ........... ... ..... .. 5 P. .B. Harding M. Potter, not out................................... 9 D. H. W. Kelly H. H. Camden, Ibw, b Collins......... .. .. 4 Extras...... .. ............... .................... Extras .................. , ......... .......... ,... 4 6 Total. ............................... .

o. Donald................. 12 Harding.............. 23 Herber!.... .. .......... 25 Collins................ 7 Richardson......... 6

o 2

22 39 53 30 9

157

Total (3 wickets} .. ................... .. 159

Dean. ......... .. ...... Brown..... .. ......... Camden.............. Potter... ...............

3 4 3

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

o. 30 17 13 I

9 3

69 51 27

o I 1

DOVER COLLEGE

Played at Dover o n June 11th On a good hard wicket the SchoÂˇol. scored vcry quickly: 50 run~ in 23 rr~inutes, 10~ in 50,.150 in 7~. Lunch was take n early because of ralll when 198 had been scored III 100 mmutes. Ram contmued until 3.30 p. m., there wa s then fifteen minutes' play after which Herbert declared. However, more rain fell and play finished. Result: A draw; match abandoned . KINO 'S SCHOOL DOVER COLLEGE R. R. Bairamian C. N. Laine, Ibw, b Heaton.......... ..... ........ 47 M. A. Fagan D. C. Moor, b Baker.............................. 24 J. A. Rowe, not ouL.................... .. ........ 76 M. W. Dancer J. O. S. Bullimore M. Herbert, b Heaton.. .. ............. .. ......... 49 P. W. Daniel R. A. Lawrence, not ouL...... .......... ........ 18 M. C. S. Weston Extras............................................ 8 Did not bat R; P. Heaton E. M. S. Woodman 222 Total (3 wickets} ...... M. .8. Kearon M. R. W. B. M. Rogers o. 0 J, A. Baker B. M. Rogers....... 7 0 33 E. M. S. Woodman 6 I 33 0 J . A. Baker ....... .. 12 I 50 1 M. B. Kearon ...... 4 0 33 0 R. P. Heato n ........ 10 0 36 2 0 R, R, Bairamia n ... 4 0 29

THE

CA NTUARIAN

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTE RBURY I' THE BUCCANeeRS

c.c.

Played at S1. Stephen's on June 13th The School batted first on a sodden wicket and soon had 30 fUll S on the board due to two fantastic overs from Gray. Lain6 and Moor batted admirably to score 126 in I hour 25 minutes before Laine stupidly threw his wicket away. Moor went on to 99 and was then caught at the wicket. He missed a number of short runs and therefore his century. The Buccaneers were always just beh ind the clock and in danger of losing. A good game in pOOr cond itions. Result: Match drawn. THE BUCCANEERS KING'S SCHOOL A, Ratcliffe, b Harding ..... ........ ....... .... 97 54 C. N. Laine, c Lee, b Nutter. ....... " .. . B. E. Lee, c Richardson, b Donald. 99 10 D. C. Moor, c Downes, b Gilbert. ........ . H. Kerr, b Harding..... ... .. ............... .. ..... 21 18 M. Herbert, c Winston, b Nutter ... . A. Nutter, c Vincent, b Richardson ... .... .. II 22 R. A. Lawrence, b Gilbert.. .. ", .......... . C. Gray, Ibw, b Herbert.. ........................ 12 0 J. A. Rowe, c Moore, b Nutter ............ . C. G. Gilbert, c Lawrence, b Collins ......... 9 6 R. C. Richardson, not out.. ............. .. ... .. G. W, Moore, eLaine, b Collins .............. 7 0 R. J. C. Collins, c Skinner, b Nutter .... .. M. Skinner, not OUt.. ...... ................ 25 3 M. E. W . Vincent, not out....... .. ......... .. M. R. B. Read, not OUt.. ........... 12 E. W. Donald } P. B. Harding Did not bat J, Winston } Did ot b t H . D, Downes n a D. H. W. Kelly Extras....... .................... 12 2 Extras........ .................... .

C. E. Gilbert.. ..... C. A . P. Gray... ... J. D. Winston... A. R. Nutter.. ... M. Read"" "......

o. 27 2 6 20 12

M. 2

o o 5 o

Total (7 wickets) ........

215

Total (6 wickets)." "" .... R.

79 24 27 78 5

w. 2 0 0 4 0

Donald ... ..... .. .. ..... Harding ........ , ..... Herbert. ..... .. , ....... Richardson ......... Collins"." ...........

18 14 8 9 6

205

48 50 27 48 20

0 0 I

2 I I

[

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V ST, LAWRENCE COLLEOE

Played at Ramsgate on June 16th Another saturated wicket spoiled the match which the School won easily after a poor display. Laine and Moor scored 82 in 50 minutes, Richardson was out of touch and several of the team played with over confidence, Lawrence batted very well and was well supported by Vincent. The School dropped four catches in two overs, deserving thereby to lose. However, the spin of Herbert and Richardson was too much for the St. Lawrence batsmen. Result: The School won by 102 runs. ST. LAWRENCE CoLLEOE

KI NO'S SCHOOL

C. N, Laine, c Henry, b Joyce.. .. .......... D. C. Moor, b Joyce.. ............................ R. C. Richardson, st Henry, b Tembe....... .. M. Herbert, c Page, b Tembe..... .............. R, A. Lawrence, c Perfect, b Crouch ......... J, A, Rowe, b Tembe................... .. ....... ... R. 1. C, Collins, st Henry, b Tembe............ M. E. W. Vincent, not out.. .. ,,, .. ,...... .. . ..... E. W. Donald, c Perfect, b Crouch .. """,.... p, p, Harding, b Tembe" .. ".... .... .. ........... D. H . W. Kelly, Ibw, b Tembe.... Extras ... ".......... .....

M. J. Dyer, c Lawrence, b Herbert .. ,....... ...

8 G. Tembe, st Kelly, b Collins................... . 20 p, R. Perfect, hit wkt" b Herbert............... 8 M, Woolveridge, c Harding, b Herbert...... 8 M. G. M, Henry, c Richardson, b Herbert. 5 H . C. L. Prior, eLaine. b Richardson........ 5 B. M. Veasey, Ibw, b Richardson.......... ...... 8 B. L. Crouch, st Kelly, b Richardson .. " .. " " 0 J. M. Page, c Kelly, b Donald.......... ......... 9 A. S, Pegley, eLaine, b R ichardson..... ....... 3 M. D, Joyce, not out.. .. 4 Extras............ 4

48 34 28 2 35 3 0 14 I

0 5 14

TotaL .... , .....

TotaL ..... ,,, .. . .. , .. , .. , ... . . ,, .... . ...... 184

214

(

I THE

[

(

Perfect........ .. ..... Crouch................ Pegley........ ......... Tembe........... ...... Joyce....... ... .........

4 13 2 24 16

14 27 12 76 47

0 I 0

C ANTUARJAN w. 0 2 0 6 2

Donald ........... ...... Harding ...... ...... ,. Herbert .. "" .. " ...... Collins"" ... ... ...... Richardson .... , ... ,

9.4 7 13 10 5

4 I 4 2

14 13 15 19 17

I 0 4 I 4

KINO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V M,e.C,

Played at St. Stephen's on June 18th The wicket was firm and a~ainst steady bO\.yling a good M.C.C. side had to fight for runs. The fielding was not worthy of the bowlmg: two easy slJp catches were dropped; some of the ground fielding was frankly bad, L~ine opened the School's innings in fine style: the first 63 runs came in 26 minutes and of them Laine pJaymg good strokes, ha~ hit. 54. Then wfth vic~ory well on the way, he appeared to decide that he had done enough and threw hiS Wicket away With a disgracefu l blind sw ipe, Rowe and Herbert were cruising along comfortably when rain ruined the match. Result: A draw; match abandoned. M.C.C. G. W, Moore, b Donald .... "".................. 14 A. Ratcliffe, c Rowe, b Harding................ 128 I. P. E. Gay, c Moor, b Herber!............... .. 26 C, B. Gibbons, 5t Kelly, b Collins ............. 0 J. M. Jennings, st Kelly, b Collins.............. 0 D. H . G. Goodliffe, c Donald, b Herbert... 18 R, F. Hill, did not bat H, N, Buckland, Ibw, b Herbert...... .......... 10 L. Dolding, played on, b Donald....... ........ 16 Lambert, c Herbert, b Harding..... ............ 0 T. Angus, not out.................................. 7 3 Extras ....... , ... , ... ..... ,.".,........... Total (9 wickets dec.) ........... . "." o. Donald,,,.,, ......... .. 25 16 Harding .... ....... " Herbert. .. """., ... , . 17 5 Collins""" ... , ...... Richardson , ... , .... 3

65 37 26 11

4 0 0

KtNO' S SCHOOL

C. N. Laine, b Hill ........ " ...... .... ... "."...... D. C. Moor, c Dolding, b Hill................... J, A, Rowe, not out.. ....... "..... ................

M. Herbert, not out. ... .. " ...... . ,."."., .. ,""" R. A. Lawrence R, C, Richardson R. J. C. Collins M. E. W, Vincent Did not bat p, B. Harding D. H. W. Kelly E. W. Donald Extras""" ... .... . , .. , ...... ,.... .. ... ..... ... ..

220

Total (2 wickets) ........ .

w. 2 2 3 2

T. Angus ...... .. R. F. H. Hill ........ D. H . G. Goodliffc L. Dolding ........... C, B. Gibbons ... ...

7 117

2 II 2 7

0 2 0 2 0

21 39 15 25 2

54 5 25 26

o 2 o o

EASl'BOURNE COLl.. .EGE I' KING'S SCHOOL, C ANTERBURY

~his

Played at Eastbourne 011 June 27th match had a thrilling recovery due to some excellent batting by Rowe supported by Donald and

OgalvÂĽ. Eastbourne feU to the spin of Collins who had his best bowling performance of the season By 2 30 Eastbourne were all o!1t for 116 and it looked as if the School would be able to knock off the 'runs w'ith ease on a hard fast Wicket, However the fast bowling of Higton dispelled these hopes and there was "complete rever~a l of forh.me ~eac:hing a climax when the School score stood at 43 for 6, However, Rowe playe~ a magnIficent, patIent mnIngs and slowly the score rose. At 92 Donald was bowled and the School was shU not out of t~e wood., However, Ogilvy, playing his first game for the School, batted confidently and he and Rowe fimshed oft the match. Result : The School won by three wickets.

2J5

f THE

CAN TUARIAN K ING'S SCHOOL

BASTBOURNE CoLLEGE

C. N. Laine, c Hind, b Hi gton ................ D. C. Moor, b Higton ...... ,..................... J . A. Rowe, not o ut.. ............................. M. Herbert, lbw, b Higton.... ........... .. ....... R. A. Lawrence, lbw, b Watt.. ................. R . J. C. Collins, lbw, b Higton................ M. E. W . Vincent, b Higton. ................... E. W. Do nald, b Watt .... ....................... D. H. Ogilvy, not o ut ...... ............ "........ M. R . B. Read }Did not bat D. H . W. Kelly Extras.... ... .. .. ... ... ....... ... ....... ..........

B. W. Meaby, 51 Kelly, b Collins.............. 17 D. A. Atkins, st Kelly. b Collins .. ......... ,,",. 30 J . D. Nicholson, b Collins.... ""......... ....... 9 S. Watt, run OUt. ...... ........ . .......... ,.......... 0 I. R. B. Frazer, b Herberl........................ 19 T. C. Wilson,lbw, b Herbert.. ...... ........... 5 M. W. E. Hind, st Kelly. b Collins........ ..... I II T. G. Harry, Ibw, b Donald. ................ L. Skinner, st Kelly, b Collins.... ........... ... 16 A. W. Still, cRowe, b Collins... ............ .. 0 P. A. Higton, not out. ....... "................... 8

Extras....... .................... ............. .... Tota!... .".

... ...........

Donald ........ .... ..... Read ..............•.... . Collins .... ", .........

o. 6.4 14 14

Herbert. ...............

Total (7 wickets).............. .

116

2 5 2 2

16 22 48 31

w. J 0 6 2

Higton................ Frazer.. ................ Watt... ............... Atkins... .. ........... Wilson........ ........

o. 26 10 20 4 3

0 2 8

15 14 I J9

10 3· II

47 26 15 H 8

2 I

0 9

w. 5

o 2

o o

v K.C.S. , WIMBLEDON Played at St. Stephen's on June 20th On a sodden wicket K.C.S. fo und little difficulty iti staying in until 4 o'clock. Kelly played a good innings. Laine again batted extremely well scoring qu ickly, but again threw his wicket away just when a wi nning position was being obtained. Rowe, Vincent, Collins and Donald all played good defensive innings to stave off defeat. Result : Match drawn . KI NO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

KI NO'S SCHOOL

KINO'S CoLLEGE, W IMBLEDON

C. N . Laine, lbw, b Bean...... .. .. ............... 47 D . C. Moor, c Kefford , b Eva ns............... 0 M. Herbert, c T hompson, b Bean....... ...... 8 R. A. Lawrence, b Gorton .............. ....... ... .. 16 J. A. Rowe, c and b Bean....... ............... 21 0 R. C. Richardson, st Bath, b Gorton......... M. E. W. Vincent, c Eva ns, b .Bean............ 6 R . J. C. Collins, c Kelly, b Peters.... ........... 7 E. W. Donald, not out.......................... 3 P. B. Harding, not out...... .................. 2 D. H. W. Kelly, did not bat Extras ......... ....... , .. ... ,...... 8

D. Thompson, c Donald, b Herbert......... .. . 37 B. M. Moritz, b Herbert....... .................. 30 J. J. Peters, c and b Herbert..................... 33 C. H. Briggs, st Kelly, b Collins................ 8 P. D. Kelly, run out........ ................ .. .. ... 55 R. B. G. Kelford, b Herber!........ ............. 3 A. J. Gorton, run out............................... 15 L. J. F. Evans, lbw, b Herbert.................... 6 D. F. Bath, b Herbert. ........... .................. 0 D. M. Pass, not out.... ............................ 8 C. E. H . Bean, did not bat Extras ........... .... ......... , ........... ... ... ,. 12

Total (H wickets) ....... .

Total (9 wickets dec.) ................. . 207

Donald ......... ,.... ,., 12 7 Harding ..... ....... .. Herbert .. ............. . 31.5 Collins................ 22 Richardson ......... 5

39 II 83 52

8 2 0

w. 0 0

Evans.... .. ........... Pass ..... ......... ..... Bean .... ........ ..... . Briggs ...... , .... , .. , . Gortoll ................ Kelford .............. .. Peters........ , .. ,., ...

6 I

216

o. 7 5 19 8 8 3 2

1J 8

0 0 9 3 4 I J

27 35 29 7

8 2 2

w. 1 0 4 0 2 0 I

THE C ANTUARIAN K INO'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY I' SeV~NoAKS VIN E C.c.

Played at S1. Stephen's o n July 2nd T his was a du ll match which never really ca me to lire. T he School bowling, supported by good fielding, was very accurate and the Vine were pegged down throughout their innings. Much the same happened to the School. Rowe played another excellent innings. Resu lt : Match drawn. SEVENOAKS V1 NE C .c.

KI NO'S S CHOOL

K. J. Smart, Ibw, b Harding................. 19 R. E. Pyle, c Ogilvy, b Do nald.................. 1 W. D. Townson, b Dona ld........................ 10 C. C. Russell Vick, c Lawrence, b Herbert . 27 F. R. Axten, c Harding, b Herbert. ........... 19 J. S. S. Fife, not out................................ 62 R. S. Moore, b Co llins.................. .......... 1 J. Davidso n, c Moo r, b Herbert.. .. .......... 9 R. B. Divali, not OUt... ... ...... ............. 24 P. E. Russell . } Did not bat A, F. E. Collms Extras...... .. .... ..... 4

.............. J76

Total (7 wickets)

E. W. Donald ... , .. P. B. Harding ....... M. Herbert.. ....... R. J . C. Collins ...

22 20 20 7

5J 35 52 34

3 0

w. 2 I 3 I

C. N. La ine, c Pyle, b Townson......... .. ..... D. C. Moor, b Townson................. M. Herbert, b Townson................... R . A . Lawrence, c Axten, b Collins.. J . A, Rowe, not out. ................... E. W. Donald, not OUt.......... M. E. W. Vincent R . J. C. Collins D. H . Ogilvy Did not bat P. B. Harding 1 D. H. W. Kell y . Extras.. ............. ,.... ......... ... .

Total (4 wickets)............ P. E. Russell ...... .. A. F. E. Collins ... W. D. Townson ... K . J. Smart ......... R. S. Moore ........ J. Davidson .. .. ... .. R. E. Pyle.... .......

o. 10 J4 9 8 4 4 3

17 57 17

17 142

4 3 2 I 0 0

J4 3J 19 19 15 10 J7

16 12

o I 3

o o o

K ING'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY V K ENT CoUNTY CoLTS

Played at St. Stephen's on July 7th Lawrence and Rowe batted well against a good bowl ing side and a last wicket stand by Donald and Kclly helped matters. T he Colts lost their first wicket at 28 and appeared to be well on the way to a comrortable win when Collins and Herbert ca me on to bowl. Twenty minutes later they were 38 ror 6 wickets. Lawrence took two superb catches at short leg and Richardson an equally good one on the boundary. Nine wickets rcll for 24 run s and or these Hooker made 19. It was a great victory and there was nothing wrong with the wicket. Result : The School won by 89 runs. KI NO'S SCHOOL

C. N. Laine, c Bristow, b Marshal1. ........... J. A. Rowe, b Wilson...... ................ N. Herbert, b Marshall.. .......................... R. A. Lawrence, c Bristow, b Baker.......... R. C. Richardson, b Baker.... ......... E. W . Donald, not ouL...... .................... D. H . Ogilvy, Ibw, b Baker.............. ......... M. E. W. Vincent, c Marshall, b Baker. ..... R. J. C. Collins, c Wilson, b Baker......... ... P. B. Harding, b Hooker....... ........ .. .. .. ..... D. W. H. Kelly. b Hooker................. ....... Ex lras ........................... ,. .. ............. Total .. ............ ......... ........ .

KBNT COUNTY CoLTS

2 30

J . Prodger, c Kelly, b Donald.. .. .... P. Ledger, Ibw, b Herbert.......................... R. Wil so n, c Herbert, b Donald............... R. Brooke, st Kelly, b Herbert...... ........... J. Spalding, st Kelly, b Collins... .. ........ ...... Williamson, c Lawrence, b Herbert...... ....... A. O . Marshall, c Richardson, b Coltins..... Hooker, not out. ................................... Baker, c Lawrence, b Herbert............ ...... Potter (K.S.C.), c Harding, b Herbert...... ... Lewis, c Harding, b Coll ins..... ................. Ext ras. .. .........................................

141

Tot.I.... ........ .......... .... .......... ...

34 7 12 5 9 0 0 14

15 13

2 0 0 3 OÂˇ 19 0 0 0 0

THE Marshall ... ... . .. .. .. Prodger .. .. Baker ................. . .

Haoker. ...... ...... R. Wilson ........ ...

o. 12 6 16 7 3

R.Âˇ

24 9 69 20 3

2 I

0 KINO'S

CANTUARIAN

2 0 5 2

E. W. Donald ...... P. B. Harding., .... M. Herbert .... ... .. R. J. C. Collins... .

3 3 2 0

8 4 3

16 13 4

w. 2 0 5 3

SCHOOL, CANTERBURY v THE BAND OF BROTHERS

Played at St. Stephen's on July 11th Laine, after batting well , lost his head a.nd .was out. Moor, worried by a bru ised finger, was not at his best but n~vertheless played an excelle!1t Innmgs. Lawrence'~ .innings was a joy. Apart fro m moments <;>f uncertamty when 48 he played beautIfull y and treated the VISItors to a display of strokes not often seen m the county of Kent. The School fielding and bowling was sound but the .Band of Brothers' batting was too strong. Result: Match drawn. KINO'S SCHOOL

C. N. Laine, st Matheson, b Collins, H. A. D. C. Moor, Ibw, b Woodhouse................ . M. Herbert, c and b Collins, H. A.............. R. A. Lawrence, not out.. ..... ...... "" ........ . J . A. Rowe, c Woodhouse, b Collins, H . A. E. W. Donald, not out.. .. ...... ...... ... ... ..... M. E. W. Vincent } R. J. C. Collins D. H. Ogilvy Did not bat P. B. H arding D . H. W. Kelly Extras........ ......... ... ....... ...... ......... ..

22 95 II 104

1 J

THE BAND OF BROTHERS

C. J. Matheson, st Kelly, b Collins......... W. J. S. Fletcher, b Harding..................... J. G. Moulsdale, b Harding.......... ........... A. J . P. Woodhouse, b Herbert........ ....... . J. H. McCausland, b Herbert... ..... .... .. .... H. A. Collins, not o ut .... .... ..... .. ..... .. ... .. : V. Collins, not out.... .. ...... ... ..... ........... ... J. A. Loveless . C. P. Johnstone } Did not bat J. Baiss A. N. Other Extras ........ .. ... ... .... .... .. ..... .. ...... .... .

Total (4 wickets dec.) ............... .... 247 o. A. J. P. Woodhouse 15 V. Collins ........... 9 J. H. McCausland 8 H. A. Collins ...... 13 J. A. Loveless ...... 9

3 2

66 31 30 62 45

0 I

Total (5 wickets) .... ....

w. I

0 0 3 0

E. W. Donald ..... P. B. Harding ...... R . J. C. Collins ... M. Herhert. .. ... .

o. 14 15 10 16

4 3 0 4

61 2

30 10

30 45 20

... ... .... ... .. 202 R.

49 61 53 35

0 2 I

THE SECOND XI The Second ~Ieven has enjoyed another successful season ; four matches have been won, one lo~ and three remaIn to be played. The match lost . happened to be the first fixture of the season : it w.. the second match lost by a Sc~ool second eleven 10 five seasons. The team has relied on the fast bowling of Roberts an? Dunn, the Spill of Harvey, and the stock bowli ng of Smith and Sales. Kirsch has been the most consistent batsman. The team was pormally selected from: M. H. Roberts (Captain), J. C. Dunn, D. J . Kirsch, A. P. Marks J. R. M. Harvey, J. G . H. Nelson, V. E. BartoD, J. Hembry, W. W. Smith, M. J . Bailey, J. E. L. SaleS and R. M. Sutton. RESULTS May 23. K.S.C. 92; R .M.S., Dover, 1st XI 93 for 6 28. KS.C. 92 for 4; Sutton Valence 77 June 6. K.S.C. 97 for 2; Beverley c.c. 95. 27. K.S:C. 127 for 7 dec. ; Eastbourne College 60 July 4. K.S.C. 15 1 fo r 5 dec.: St. Lawrence College 60

THE CANTUARIAN

THE COLTS The Colts have had a disappointing season: the acknowledged batsmen have fa iled to make any .a ppreciable scores, the bowling has been adequate but Suppo!ted by med~ocre fi~ldjng and negative captaincy ' moreover two matches have been unfortunately Tamed off. Ogdvy, Vmcent, Snell, Goate .a nd Read'have been the foundation of the batting although Trice has often played strokes (at times more .appropriate on a golf course) which have sent up a quick and valuable twenty odd runs. Waynforth has bowled well at medium pace, Trice inaccurately fast, Read accurately, and Ogilvy slow leg breaks .of varied length . Colours have been awarded to Ogilvy, Vincent, Read and Goate. RESULTS May 9. KS .C. 99; Kent College 53 June 20. KC.S., Wimbledon, 150 for 5 dec.; K.S .C. 125 for 5 23. KS.C. 157 for 5 dec.; Tonbridge 158 for 4 27. Eastbourne College 106; KS.C. 106 for 5 July 4. K .S.C. 80; St. Lawrence 81 for 8

JUNIOR COLTS The Junior Colts were a strong team. That they did not win all their matches was due to timidity and lack of determ ination at moments when the other side had established a temporary advantage in the field. Their bowling and wicket-keeping were good, their fielding satisfactory. It was the batsmen who .did not always come up to expectations. . Sutton Valence in the first match, were soon bowled out by Potter; our batsmen fa iled, but sensible hitting by Barber ~on the match when all seemed lost. Lain~ and Thorburn put on 66 for the first wicket .against Kent College in 35 minutes and Potter again bowled fast and well. After 20 minutes' play against St. Lawrence we had the gruesome score of 9 for 6- thanks to go~d bowling by Baxter aided by the apparent paralysis of o.ur batsmen: BU,t Potter battled o n and the !all-enders,. I~bll l and Redpath, made runs by hitting everythmg ovC?r mid-on s head. But the bowlers, without Wh~ttmgton, could l}ot do t~e trick again. Ten days later ram robbed us of our revenge after Potter and WhIte had made a big score 10 good style. Dover were beaten convincingly, La i n~ and Kearin batti ng correctly and patiently on a difficult wicket. The Tonbridge match was nothing less than tragic. Excellent slow bowling by Papenfus .and Whittington put out a strong Tonbridge batting side for 83. But in two hours' play we could only reply with 62 for 8-La i n~ alone showed real determination. A depleted team lost to Sir Roger Manwood's, but the term ended with a splendid win at the R.M.S., Dover, where the whole team played with great confidence, so that they seemed to have won the match from th~ first over. 1n all these gan:'es Isbill ~as .a. very promising wicket-keeper. Potter was an excellent captalO and set a good example In everythmg he did. The final team was : Kearin, Thorburn, White, Polter (Captai n), Lain~ , Barbel', Whittington, Isbi ll , Redpath, Jenner, Papenfus. There also played Price, Stanley-Smith, Cartwright.

,II d

RESULTS May. 28. v Sullon Valence (Home). Won by 3 wickets. Sutto n Valence 72 (Potter 7 fo r 19); K.S.C. 75 for 7. June 6. I' Kent College (Away). Won by 105 runs. K.S.C. 135 (Thorburn 37); Kent College 50 (Potter 6 fo r 20). 9. I' St. Lawrence, Ramsgate (Away). Lost by 4 wickets. K.S.C. 84 (Isbill 32); St. Lawrence 85 for 6. 16. v Dover College (Away). Won by 6 wickets. Dover College 82; K.S.C. 84 for 4 (Kearin 39 not out). 18. v S1. Lawrence, Ramsgate (Home). Match abandoned, rain. K.s.C. 126 fo r 4 dec. (Potter 55, White 39); St. Lawrence 10 for 2. 23. v Tonbridge (Home). Drawn. Tonbridge 83; K.S.C. 62 for 8. 27. v Sir Roger Manwood's (Home). Lost by 5 wickets. K.S.C. 82 ; Sir Roger Manwood 's 85 for 5. July II. v Duke of York's R.M.S. (Away). Won by 125 runs. K.S.C. 187 fo r 6 dec. (Potter 67 not o ut, Barber 31); R.M.S. 62 (Whittington 7 for 21). 219

TH E C ANTUARIA N

THE BOAT CLUB THE F IRST VII I The VJlI began its summer training with a week at Cambridge, where Jesus College B.C. kindly gave us every facility_ The crew rowed about 60 miles, including two outings to Clayhithe, and made good progress. The \'leek was as enjoyable off the river as it was on, and we are most grateful to all our friends there for the interest they take in ou r boating. As always, the return to Grove Ferry retarded progress for a week or two, but once the crew had settled down aga in. by persistent concentration on bladework ' they steadily improved and continued to do so right up to Henley.

R ICHMOND AND TWICKENHAM REGATTA Fo r their first appearance at a regatta this season, the crew entered for the JuniorÂˇSenior Eights and registered a co mfortable victory. In successive rows they beat the National Provincial Bank, Twickenham R.C. , and Burway R.C. and their rowing improved with each race. It was unfortun ate that, owing to an obstruction of the course, the fina l had to be restarted; our opponents had a mishap in the first few strokes of the restart, wh ich spoi led what could have been otherw ise a good race. The verdict was given as "Easily".

WALTON REGATTA Both VJI Is stayed in Can terbury over most of the Coronation exeat and were able to put in some useful mileage without other distractions. At Walton Regatta we were able to borrow a shell boat from Twickenham R.C. and entered for the Thames Cup event, this being the School's first appearance in a senior event. We travelled from London by road and owing to an enormous traffic-jam of cars going to the Derby, "e arrived too late for a practice outing in the different boat. T his inev itably affected the crew's form, and although the first race against Westminster Bank R.C. was exciting to watch, it was a messy row by the School, who were lucky to dead-heat. The crews re-rowed immediately from halfway; this time the School made no mistake and won by half a length. In the semi-final they met Imperia l College B.C., who were a strong crew. They were led steadily off the start and despite two good spurts, lost by three-quarters of a length. Im)'erial won the final. Not a good day's rowing but a useful experience.

READI NG REGATTA At Reading we again entered for the Thames Cup. In the preced ing week the crew put into practice the lessons of Walton a nd improved their drive and timing. The first heat was rowed against King's College, London, and resulted in an easy win of 2t lengths in a good time . In the second round we aga in met Imperial College, our Walton opponents. This time the School went off very fast and at one stage led by ha lf a length. I.e. however had a slightly better stride a nd gradually made up the leeway to win by a third of a length. The VII I for the first time amply proved its racing abil ity and the narrow margin of l.C.'s win was a measure of the progress made since Walton. I.C. lost the final to the R.A.F. and it is interesting to note that the sa me two crews fought out the final of the Thames Cup later at Henley. Once again this year, we were the guests of Dr. and Mrs. Cashell , who looked after us magnificen tly. We are most grateful to them fo r their kindness.

H ENLEY ROYAL REGATTA The fortnight after Reading was used to good effect th is year, and although there was a bad patch during the examinations, the crew made further progress. The final course was a reasonable effort in a strong head-wind and had good centrol, though at rather a low rating. Cond iti ons in practice at Hen ley \\ ere difficult, for there was a strong followi ng wind on the course which troubled even the best crews. However, the VII) made great &tridcs in the three days before they raced, and perfected a very stro ng finish to Ite stroke which enabled them to let the coat ru n well. During the regatta, conditions were good; there was little stream and a moderate following wind, so that many good times " 'ere recorded. THURSDAY, JULY 2ND v SHREWSBURY. The School led from the start and had a beautifully unhu rried row once they had sc:.ttled down. Striking about 30-3 1, they gradually increased their lead and won by 3t lengths in the good time of 7 min . I sec., which was the fastest time recorded in the Princess Elizal::eth Cup th is yea r.

220

THE FIRST EIGHT

([an Ball

THE CANTUARTAN FRIDAY, JULY 3RD. SEMlÂˇFINAL v ST. EDWARD'S, OXFORD. This was a good race. King's gained a slight lead off the sta rt and got into their stride at 32-33 at once. D espite repeated spurts by St. Edward's, Agnew was content to keep the VIII running at its best rating until the Mile Post, where a steady increase in pressure enabled them to draw away to win by one and a third lengths in 7 min . 4 sees. 8t. Paul's won their sem i-final against Monkton Combe in 7.3, which was an indication of the race to come. SATURDAY, JULY 4TH. FINAL V ST. PAUL'S. The following account of the final was written by Mr. [an Thomson in The Observer on Sunday, July 5th. "Two admirable crews fought out the final of the Princess El izabeth Challenge Cup. It was a finely contested race between K ing's School, Canterbury, and St. Paul's School, an even race all over the course, in which neither crew could establish an effective lead. Of the two crews, St. Paul's were the more perfectly drilled, qu ite remarkably so, and th is was bound to tell in their favour, but King's were also well up to the standard of many college crews. St. Paul's only managed to take the lead in the last few hundred yards, and won an exciting race by half a length in 1 mi n. 6 sec." The race was splendidly supported by the School, who turned up in force for the day's racing. This was also a great Henley for O.K.s. oarsmen, there being seven competing in vario us events; in particular, Colin Paterson rowed in the Jesus College crew which won the Ladies' Plate, a nd Colin Porter and Peter Cranmer were in the R.A.F. Eight wh ich beat I.C.B.C. to win the Thames C up for the fi rst time by a British crew in the last twelve Henley Regattas. Colin Porter then went and rowed in the R.A.F. Four and won the Wyford Fours. So ended a season's intensive work and tra ining; the VIn had rowed nearly 600 miles since Christmas and their success was due to sheer hard work, self-sacrifice and determ ination on the part of the crew, coupled with concentration on first principles in coaching. To reach the final of the Princess Elizabeth Cup in two years is an achievement of which we may be justly proud, for we have established ourselves as a leading rowing school. Next year, we shall have the added advantage of boating from the new Somerset Maugham boathouse at Pluck's Gutter, and we also have an enthusiastic Second YIn available from wh ich to fill the vacant seats in the 1st VIlI. Concentration on good bladework, rhythm, and mileage must continue to be our guiding principle, and we look forward to more good boating next year. D.S.G.

THE SECOND VIll The 2nd VIII this term raced at Richmond and Twickenham Regatta a nd at Marlow. At Richmond, in the School Eights, the crew won its first race aga inst Emmanuel School by It lengths, going away in the first minute to a lead which they maintained comfortably over the whole course. In the seco nd race our bad start gave Tiffin's School a lead of three-quarters of a length within the first minute, after which the crew rowed calmly and strongly to reduce the margin to half a length at the finish. At Marlow Regatta the crew were able to take three va luable traini ng ou tings befo re the race. Quccns' College, Cambridge, kindly consented to pace in two of these outings a nd the School were a match for the College crew in paddling and short bursts of rowing. In the race we were drawn against Shrewsbury and S1. Edward's, taking the posit io n near the far bank, with S1. Edward's in the centre. Shrewsbury, with the advantage of the first bend, went away to an early lead and after a minute were a length ahead of St. Edwa rd's. Thomas took the School away to a clean sta rt, strikin g 38 in the first minute. At this point St. Edward's led by half a lengt h and steering across to our station, forced cox to lise hard rudder so that we lost further distance. From Bisham Church at halfway, Thomas gathered his crew together and rowed in strongly to regain much of the distance lost. St. Edward's raced Shrewsbury to 3 feet and the Schoo l wcre third by Ii lengths. For oarsmen in their first year of eights, the crew showed a high degree of watermanship and kept remarkable cohesion at the end of a stiff race. Thi s season has therefore bccn successful in its mai n object of providing experienced oarsmen for next year's 1st VIlI. At Marlow we wish to thank Mr. and Mrs. Whalley for their very generous hospital ity in putting their house and garden at our disposal as a haven amidst pre-race nerves. At Canterbury we owe a debt to all who encouraged us by their interest in our progress and especially to sen ior boys at Fordwich who gave up their final chance of rowing in a School eight in order that the crew should consist of material for next year's 1st VIII.

H I-S.

22 1

THE CANTUARIAN

THE FOURS Under the excellent and cheerful leadership of G riffit h and Moss, there has been a very full programme at Fordwich. The new boathouse has been completed, and the new fours have all been in operation, despite a shortage of swivel oars. The three representative Fours worked very hard and met with varying. success against fours from Tonbridge, Eastbourne and Haileybury. The "A" Four in particular rowed well to beat the Haileybury 1st IV at Hammersmith, and all three gained much valuable raci ng experience. This term we say farewell to Peter Moss, who has been Secretary of the Boat Club for three seasons, during which time he has devoted hours to its success. We are all very grateful to him and Griffith fo r their ent husiasm and hard work.

THE CREWS 1st VIlI. - G. M. Lynch, Bow ; J . E. Pawsey, 2; A. M. H. H alsey, 3; J. S. Davis, 4; P. G. Roberts, 5 ;. N. Paine, 6; D. C. Ryeiand, 7; K. D. Agnew, Stroke; J . W. Norton, Cox. 211d VIl/.- M. D. H. Peacock, Bow; C. B. Strouts, 2; R. L. Bates, 3; 1. M. Orr-Ewing, 4 ; P. Rhodes, 5~ R. L. S. Fishiock, 6; N. M. S. Brown, 7; R . N. B. Thomas, Stroke; A. J. D. Smith, Cox. "A" IV.- C. P. Cowper, Bow; S. J . F reebairn-Smith, 2; D. E. Mellish, 3; D. G. Griffi th, Stroke~ M. A. Thomson, Cox. " B" I V.- M . J. Moore, Bow ; M. R. Moore, 2; P. H. Moss, 3; R. J . Cornwell, Stroke; M. Warrander,. Cox. "C" I V.- R. A. G. Willoughby, Bow ; P. J. Van Berckel, 2; G. S. Spath is, 3; D. A. R . Poole, Stroke; D. B. Rees, Cox. Our successes in the past season have been in no small measure due to the many kind friends who are always so ready to help us. In particular, we would like to tha nk Thames R.C., Twickenham R.C. and the Boat Clubs of Jesus College and St. Paul 's Schoonor lending us boats; Messrs. Ament, Ryeland and Lynch for much valuable help and generosity; Messrs. Paine a nd Wyllie fo r their labours at Pluck's Gutter; and M iss Swayne who is always so sym pathetic towards our various needs. Finally may we thank the countless people who have supported us du ring the season; their encouragement makes us a ll the more keen to succeed in the future.

RUGBY FOOTBALL 1ST XV FIXTURES, 1953 Saturday. Saturday. Saturday, Wednesday, Wednesday, Satu rday, Saturday, Saturday, Wednesday, Saturday, Wednesday, Friday. Saturday,

Oct. Oct. Oct. Oc t. Oct. Oct. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. Dec. Dec.

3. Ca nterbury. 10. K.C.S., W imbledon. 17. Blackh~ath " A" . 21. Eastbourne. 28. St. Lawrence, Ramsga te. 31. Dover. 7. Felsted . 14. Richmond 'ÂˇA". 18. St. Pau l's. 28. Harleq uinns " A " . 2. Stowe. 4. Oxford University G reyhounds. 12. O.K.S.

SENIOR HO USE MATCHES F irst Round: Second Round: Final:

Monday, December 7th Wed nesday, December 9t h Monday, Dcccmber 14t h

222

Home Home Home Away Away Home Away Home Horne Home Away Away Home

THE CA NTUARIAN

ATHLETICS, 1953 The brightest feature of the season was the defeat of Tonbridge School in the annual match by 52 points to 42. The win was due to the early lead in points gained by the School when W. H . Woolston and J. Capurro were first and second in the 100 yards and M. MeG. Gardner and W. J. Bacon were first and second in the 880 yards. In th is last race despite the pecul ia r lay-out of the track and the cold windy weather they were both well inside the former School record, Gardner winning in 2 mins. 5 sees. After these two wins the School led Tonbridge by 16-2, a difference that Tonbridge were unable to make up in the subsequent events. J. C. Dunn broke the School record for the High Jump when he was second to the Tonbridge captain with a height of 5 ft. 6 in. Dunn later raised this to 5 ft. 7 in. at the White City. In the Discus R. A. Lawrence broke the record with a throw of 109 ft. 8t in. Tonbridge won the relay where our weakness in the 220 yards laps let us down, though Woolsto n ran a good fi nal 440 yards and made up a great deal of ground . The team running was very good and in aU events the. second string backed up very well and gained invaluable points by filling the second and third places in seven events. MATCH PERFORMANCES Result: K.S.C. 52 points; Tonbridge School 42 points 100 YARDS.- K.S.C. Time: 11.2 secs. I, W. H. Woolston; 2, J. Capurro. 880 YARDS.-K.S.C. Time: 2 mins. 5 secs. I, M. MeG. Gardner; 2, W. J. Bacon. JAvELlN.- T.S. Distance: 156 ft. 10 in. 3, M. H. Roberts. HIGH JUMP.-T.S. H eight: 5 ft. 7 in. 2, J. C. Dunn. WEIGHT.- K .S.C. Distance: 35 ft. 10 in. I, J. S. Davis; 2, D. B. Malcolm. loNG JUMP.- K .S.C. Distance: 18 ft. 6t in. I, W. H. Woolston; 2, C. J . T. Featherstone. 110 YARDS HURDLES. -T.S. Time: 17.4 sees. 2, N. C. G . Raffle; 3, I. D. Maitland. MILE.- K.S .C. Time: 4 mins. 49 sees. 1, H. A. Smith; 3, D. E. Balfour. Dlscus.-K.S.C. Distallce: 109 ft. 8t in. I, R. A. Lawrence. MEDLEY RELAY.- T .S. Time: 3 mins. 53 sees. Points: 5, 3, 1,4 for relay.

INTER-HOUSE COMPETITION The standard of performance was very much better this year than ever before. In the junior events four records were broken, three of them by R. G . Paterson. Two middle records were broken and one equalled, and two senior reeords were broken. W. H. Woolston ran the 100 yards in 10 sees., a very fine performance, and J. C. D unn jumped 5 ft. 7 in. in the High Jump at the Public Schools Meeting at the White City. Unfortunately in the Inter-House Competition the high jump had to be a bandoned at 5 ft. 1 in. because of rain. This year there were two new even ts. There was a pentathlon of fi ve field and track even ts and an inter-house Tug-of-War. The pentathlon was won by J. S. Davis with 61 points out of a possible 80. The Tug-of-War was won by Grange when they beat Linacre in two straight pulls. The maximum team weight allowed was 90 stones. The cup was presented by Mrs. Shirley who came out to St. Stephen's in spi te of the appalling weather which sccms to attend these occasions. The Cup was won by Meister Omers with 201 points, whose nearest rival was The Grange with 171 points. The Reeords broken in 1953 were:100 YARDS (Jun ior).-R. G. Paterson. 11.1 sees. 220 YARDS (Junior). -R . G. Paterson. 26 sees. 440 YARDS (Junior) .-T. H. Davy. 58.4 sees. LONG JUMP (Junior).- R. G. Paterson. 18 ft. I! in . WEIGHT (Middle).- R. J . Jell. 32 ft. It in. RELAY (Midd le).- School House. 1 min . 45 sees. MILE (Middle).-D. E. Balfour. 4 min. 52 sees. DISCUS (Senior).-R. A. Lawrence. 109 ft. 8! in. HIGH JUMP (Senior).- J. C. Dunn. 5 ft. 7 in. 100 YARDS {Senior).- W. H . Woolston. 10 sees.

223

THE CANTUARIAN

FENCING CLUB Champion~Âˇ semi~final pool.

During the holidays, five members of the School team fought in the Public Schools Fencing

ships, which wefe held at the City of London School. Dunn did very well to reach the of the Sabre, and Clift was defeated in the quarter-final pool of the Foil.

Early this term, the School was represented for the first time at the Kent County Fencing Championshipsat Maidstone. The day proved an honourable one, for Dunn was only defeated in the semi-final, and Clift

went on to win the final pool and become Junior Foil Champion.

SWIMMING At the date of going to press, the School has had a very successfu l season, defeating two schools out three and moving up one position in the Bath Club Competition.

Our usual triangles match with Highgate and the City of London took place on June 6th this year at the latter's pool. Despite lack of training consequent on the Coronation exeat, both the senior and junior" teams defeated Highgate but lost to the City of London. The team for the Bath Club Invitation Relay Race was seriously depleted by the "A" level examination. Nevertheless, although the time was worse than that of last year, we moved up one position in the table and hope to improve next year. On June 30th we swam, for the first time, against Eastbourne at our baths. Both teams acq uitted them-selves well and we won each match by about 20 points. During the course of the match four records were either equalled or broken and we collected eight of the possible ten first places. There is still a match to come against Tonbridge and on the last Sunday of the term the swimming sports will be held, at which we hope to stage an inter-house water polo competition. At present we have no proper goals, so if there are any O.K.S ...... .

TENNIS The Club has been very successful to date, winning every match excopt ono. The single defeat was. in the area finals of the Glanvill Cup Competition when the holders, V.C.S., beat the Club 3-0. Of the players the first pair has been most consistent, winning all but one of its matches, the second pair has been disappointing, and the third pair has developed steadily throughout the term. If any common fault has to be pointed out it is that a good service is essential to all members of a successful, team. Results: Away Won 6-3 Eastbourne Away Won 6-3 St. Lawrence Home Won 8-1 Wye Coliege Home Won 5--4 Canterbury T.C. Away lost 3- 0 U.C.S. The team has been:1st pair: W. H. Woolston, P. M. Baumann. 2nd pair: E. H. T. Baylis, B. A. E. Duerinckx. 3ed pair: J. C. Tappin, J. C. Rear. Thanks must be expressed to Major Gross and to the coach, Mr. Gay, who have continued to givevaluable help. 224

I I

I II ~ ;;;

"1 OJ

THE CANTUAR I AN

C.C.F. NOTES Tra ining has proceeded steadily this term; it has been enlivened by one or two occasions of interest, 10 be noted later, but basically the training has produced good results. This is perhaps best seen in the fact that, out of 312 cadets, 120 are doing post-Certificate "Au technical training of one service or another, while a further 60 are engaged in tra ining the younger cadets up to that ex.amination. That they do it satisfactorily is shown by the proportion of passes, 45 out of 50, in Part I this term. In April, I took a party of eighteen, including Lieut. D. R. Lawrence, Lieut. J. A. B. Denton and c.S.M. Herbert, to visit the 4th Regiment, R.H.A. , at Hahne-which used to be Belsen-some miles north of Hanover. A separate account appears elsewhere, and it is sufficient to say that we had a most interesting time, and there have already been enquiries for next year's trip. On May 26th the Contingent provided a Guard of Honour for Her Majesty the Queen of Tonga when she visited the School and Cathedral. The Guard was a combined one, as befits our establishment, consisting of 12 R.N., 24 Army and 12 R.A.F. cadets, with an officer of each service; they are to be congratulated on their steadiness on parade and the smartness of their arms drill. On the same day the Contingent was inspected, by invitation, by Colonel Fellowes, D.S.O., Commanding the Depot, Royal Marines, Deal; he expressed himself as very pleased with the standard of turnMout and marching, and with the general training of the Contingent . The Field Day took place on July 6th, and was in the form of a company attack exercise on BeachM borough Hill behind Folkestone. The three preliminary platoon attacks were carried out progressively more efficiently, each onc learning from the last; the company attack was not so good, but it may be hoped that some elementary lessons were learned. PROMOnONs.-From 1st February, 1953 , to the ranks stated: Sgt. D. H. W. Kelly; L/Sgt. J . M. Bodger ; Cpls. J. E. Pawsey, M. C. Patterson, 1. MonroMHiggs; L/Bdrs. P. J . AUen, W. J. Bacon, R. J. Beaty-Pownall, J. Hembry; L/Cpls. A. R. Johnson, B. 1. Parker, J. N. Fisher, M. S. R. Cozens, P. M. Knoner, D. H. Livesey, M. P. Miller, B. H . McCleery, T. P. Nicholson, M. S. Reid. From 28th April, 1953, to the ranks stated : Sgt. J. C. Dunn ; L/Sgts. M . C. Holderness, G. S. Spathis; Cpl,. D. S. Sandy. M. Sander. CERTIFICATE "A".-On 17th March, 1953, the following passed Part H: C. N. Laine, 1. Hadfield, and were promoted LanceM Corporals; N. H . H. Oraburn, V. E. Barton, M. Williams, M. J. Fountain, W. J. Lancash ire, D. T. Warner, O. Spence-Fish, N. M. S. Brown, 1. L. Sales, L. A. Kinghorn, T. J . Aldington, R. N. Coombes, K. N. W. Bott, I. M. Young, J. M. Baragwanath, J . W. E. Thatcher, P. J. van Berckel, 1. HamiltonMPaterson, W. E. S. Thomas and D. R . Nevile; six fa iled. At the same time, 16 passed Part I, and two failed; and on 6th July, 45 passed Part I and five failed. K.A.C.G. R.N. Section During the past year we have had the assistance of Sub~ Lieut. Lanning, who unfortunately will be leav ing; wi th his help and that of C. J. Agnew, and c. p.a.s Thomas and Ryeland it was possible to raise the numbers to forty. Those wishing to join are ever on the increase but only those intend ing to join the R.N. or R.N.V.R. can now be accepted. A large number spent some time afloat during the Easter holidays, the ordinary seamen spent a week in H.M.S. Vent/am at Portsmouth, whilst five others went on acruise to the Channel Islands in the R.N.V.R. manned ship H .M.S. Trafalgar. This cru ise had more to it than was expected, as is described in the account by c.p.a. Thomas. Chatham appears to find it increasingly difficult to lay on the right thing during whole day tra ining and another visit has had to be made to the Nat ional Maritime Museum, moreover the Home Fleet can on ly accommodate two of our cadets during the usual summer "camp" period at the end of this term!

The Naval Section at Sea After many hours ashore in our Naval H ut, receiving knowledge of the sea and ships, we begin to wonder what life at sea is really like. This ambition to experience the life of a sailor was sat isfied in the case of five members of the Naval Section during a week at sea in H .M.S. Trafalgar.

225

THE C ANTUARIAN During this week we had the best kind of instruction-experience. Sleeping in hammocks, keepingwatch on deck, scrubbing decks, bulkheads. sea-boats, etc., showed us h~w 24 hours of a sai lor's life are: spent. We had experience of flag-hoisting and the luckier ones had an enjoyable half-hour on the bridge. On the day after leaving Portsmouth, a Thursday, H .M.S. Trafalgar met H,M.S,s OrlVell and Protector a nd all three ships steamed in "line-ahead" and " ' ine-abreast"- an exercise for the Commanding Officers and their signalmen. It was a fascinating experience to look to Starboard and to see, in the dim light of eveni ng, two ships steam ing majestically through the light swell . On Saturday morning we arrived in the vicinity of the Channel Islands and steamed around Jersey several times. At noon, we anchored off S1. Helier; the red a nd white watches were allowed ashore from t 8 to 20 hours. Having spent an enjoyable two hours asho re we returned to the jetty and boarded the Li berty boat. After a very hectic, damp journey on a very rough sea, we arrived alo ngs ide on ly to be told that it was. too rough to transfer any personnel to the ship. We therefore returned to land and spent the next 48 hours stranded in St. Helier. Our meals and accommodation were kindly paid fo r. Having spent a wonderful time ashore, we were loath to leave o n Monday. The Ship's Engine Room crew were taken aboard in the Island's life-boat. They then weighed ancho r and brought the ship closer in shore. In the afternoon , we were therefore able to reach the destroyer, now in ca lmer waters. Short of supp lies of water, we weighed immediately and made fast all loose objects in face of the swell. In theÂˇ evening, the gu n's crew were exercised when several rounds were fired. This was, indeed, an experience. It was, therefo re, with some regret that we came into Portsmouth Ha rbour on Tuesday morning, having. spent a wonderful week at sea , and hav ing learnt much by experience.

THE SEASONS The The The Tis

busy sparrows twitter in the hedge, zephyrs frisk above the meadow grass, laughing stream gurgles o'er the stonesSpring agai n, cast off all cares and sing!

The fiery sun beats down incessantly. An airplane drones, framed by the vivid bl ue. Even the grasshopper is silent now. Take now your rest, Summer again is here. An icy breeze dances among the trees, Bringing down clouds of many-coloured leaves. The sky is darkened by departing birdsAutumn hails the cruel frosts to come. A bitter gale roars from the leaden sky. The ground is mantled with a cloak of snow Yet yule logs are glowing in the grates, Make merry now, for Christmas-tide is here! ANAu 226

THE CAN TUARIA N

O.K.S. NEWS (The HOIl. Secretary, Major D. l. B. l enis, Dawll Cliff. Goodwill Road, St. Margaret's Bay, Do ver, woidd welcome ill/ormatioll for illclusion ill the O.K .S. News. Challges 0/ address should be notified to 1Iim alld 1101 to the Editor.) The O .K.S. Dinner will take place at the Connaught Rooms, London, on Thursday, 6th May, 1954. B. W. OLVER (1924-28) is Sales Director of Torrington Co., Ltd., of Coventry and London. R. SIMPKINS (1943- 50) is in the Ordnance Survey at Southampton. R. A. BEDINGFIELD (1942-47) is now Assistant Manager of a rubber estate in Malaya. T. H. PARES (1942-47) is in Germany with the 5th Reg!. R.H.A. R. G. WALTERS (1945-49) is serving in a frigate, H.M.S. St. Brides Bay, as Sub. Lieut. (E) RN.V .R. J. A. KINGDON-ROWE (1934-37) is in R.C.A.F. and is Jiving in Vancouver, B.C. S. YOUNG (1945- 52) is a junior N.C.O . i/c of one of the squads at the Training Regiment at Owestry awaiting his W .O.S.B. C. J. BELL (1945- 52) has bccn commissioned in the Royal Norfolk Regiment and is spending the rest of his Natio nal Service in Jamaica. While at Eaton Hall O. C.S. he met CLIVE BRENNAN (1947-52), C. W OOD (1948- 50), J. COLLINS (1946--52), W . A LLISON (1943-48). During his 16 weeks at D.C.S. he ran 3rd stri ng for the Cross-Country team and had a good season, winning the Army N .W. District Cup. H . C. BEDINGFIELD (1943-49) is Articled to Messrs. Marwick Mitchell & Co., Chartered Accountants in the City, and has passed the Intermediate Exam ination of the Institute of Chartered Accountants . . I. F. Aucorr (1928- 34) has been transferred from Taipeh in Formosa to Tokio in Japan and now lives with his wife and small daughter in Yokohama . A. J. W ELLS (1949- 52) has passed into Sandhurst. R . A. T . ANDERSON (1911 - 15) is now Secretary of the Cantuarian Lodge No. 5733. The address is 18 Queen Anne's Gate, Westmi,nster, S.W.I. T~e Lodge meets at the Kingsley Hotel, Bloomsbury Way, W.C.l, on t~e fourth :rhurs~ay ~n Feb~uary, April a.o d ~eptember, and the third Wednesday in November, the Installation Meetmg bemg m Apnl. One meetmg IS usually held at Canterbury during the Summer. R. A. LAMONT (1948-51) is in the Training Company of the Gordon Highlanders, stationed at Brid; of Don, Aberdeen. P/O. J. D. D. PORTER (1947-52) is stationed at Downpatrick and finds the camp most pleasant as it i s right beside the sea. â&#x20AC;˘ A. C. S. ADAMS (1923- 28) is at present with the Records Section of the Foreign Office. M. DEVONSH IRE (1944-47) was on a course recently at The Buffs Depot. JOHN BRADLEY ( 1945-48) has graduated M.B., B.S. (London) and has also qualified M.R.C.S. L.R.C P. He is at present House Physician to the Professor of Medicine at the Middlesex Hospital: M. P. D. MALLINSON (1 947- 52), in his second year at Faraday House, is gaining practical experience with the Pulsometer Engineering Co., Ltd. J. G. H EWSON (1946-50) when he last wrote was on his way horne in H .M.S. Glory at the end of his

~ati0!1al S~rvice, which took ~im in. a ':lotor mines"Yccpcr from Malta to Hong Kong via Singapore,

hiS ship tak1l1g a year to reach ItS dest1l1atlon. From S1I1gapore to Hong Kong she was towed by a frigate along the slow steamer route. He found Hong Kong extremely in teresting and on exercises and several picnics saw many very attractive spots which the normal visitor would never see. When he wrote he was back in Singapore during the Coronation celebrations and says, " Singapore at night is a blaze of colo ured lights and illuminated crowns and by day all the ships are dressed with the full flag di splay which makes it a very impressive sight." DOUGLAS WILMER (1928-32) has been appearing in Sidney Vaunces's new play III Sprillgtime at the

Q Theatre, Bristol.

227

THE CANTUARTAN PATRICK LEIGH FERMOR (1929- 33) has had his latest book, The Violins

0/ St.

Ja cques, well reviewed.

J. H. S. JENKI NS (1924-28) is working in the Federation Customs Department in Singapore. Having been without news of him for some time, we were very glad to have a long letter from him , from which we learn that he was interned by the Japanese for 31- years, got married in New Zealand in December, 1945 and for some time in 1946 was attached to the Office of the High Commissioner for the United Kingdom in Wellington, N.Z., dealing with the problems and difficulties of ex~internees and P.O.S. from the Far East in New Zealand. We look forward to welcoming his three boys to Milner Court in a few years' time.

We were particularly glad to hear from J. V. L. HALL ( 18 - 1902), of whom the School had lost sight for many years. His address is Happy Landing, Lindfield, Sussex. R. CASE (1948- 51) is servi ng in the Royal Engineers. We warmly congratulate C. S. WOOD (1948- 52), who enlisted in the Royal Marines in July, 1952 and was commissioned Temporary 2nd Lieutenant on 27th February, 1953. M. D. LAMBERT (1944- 49) is, we understand, to join the Staff of Stanbridge School, Romsey, Hants. M. HUNTINGTON (1946-49) has just joined the Army, having been working on the land as an agriÂˇ cultural studen t since leaving School. We are delighted to record that three O.K.S. were placed in the First Class in the Natura l Sciences Tripos, P. R. PHILLIPS, Scholar of Pembroke College, in Part 11, and J. O. C. MILNE (1946- 50), Scholar of Trinity College, and R , F, MOFFATI' (1945-50), Scholar of Pembroke College, in Part I. J. MOOR (1945- 50) also secured a F irst in Horticu lture at Read ing. C. G. S. PATERSON (1943--49), who has been elected next year's Captain of Boats of Jesus College, got a Second in Part I of the Modern and Mediaeval Languages Tripos, B. M. BIRNBERG, Parker Exhibitioner of C.C.c. (1945-49), a Second in Part I of the Hi storical Tripos, and M. C. O. MAYNE (1943-49), -also of Corpus, a Second in Part I of the English Tripos. M. C. BAKER (1938- ) has just entered the Legal Service of the British Transport Commission. His office address is Paddington Station. B. V. F. BRACKENBURY (19 ) is now on leave. He and his wife stayed with A. G. EYRE (1935) ), who was awarded the in Lagos on their way home, and from him learnt that W. C. O. FERRIS (19 M.B.E. in the New Year Honours, was rcsponsible for dealing with a riot bctween supporters of two political parties and managed to talk them into dispersing before serious bloodshed occurred. He points out that such an award is rarely made to so junior an officer. R . H. LOWRY (1946-5 1) sends an interesting letter from Sandhurst. He was one of the street lining party for the Coronation and underwent a lot of practice, standing to attention for a long time, etc. On Coronation Day they got up at 2.30 a.m ., had breakfast in barracks in London at 6.30 and reached their positions at 8.30, when Lowry found himself one of the unfortunate members of a platoon which was stationed round the corner of the street from the Abbey and saw nothing at all alt day but some empty carriages and one or two divisions of Guards. He refers to a very enjoyable Coronation Ball at Sandhurst, and to the Beagles, of which he is now First Whip. He had also spent three days in a destroyer on N.A.T.O. anti-submarine trials in the Channel- most exciting and very interesting. He hopes to join the Irish Fusiliers when he passes out in February. S. J . COLEY (1948- 51) is with the Royal Signals and when he wrote was at Catterick. We congratu late L. A. BASSEIT (1941-46) both on his engagement and on gai ning his B.Sc. in Geology at Edinburgh University.

ENGAGEMENT BASSETT- HoWAT.- L. A. Bassett (1941-46) to Joan Winifred Howat , younger daughter or Mr. and Mrs. R. Howat, Camms Dene, Barnton, Midlothian. 228

THE CANTUA RTA N MARR IAGES GORDON- FoXALL.- On 22nd May, 1953, G. A. Gordon ( 19 ) to Joyce Foxa[1. SIMMs- JAY. -Jn Bristol, Peter T. Simms ( 1935- 38) to Ann, youngest daughter of Mrs. M. Jay and the late Mr. R. C. Jay of Bristol.

DEATH S CA IRD.- Alcx<lnder Jarvis Caird (1948- 49). SCoTT. - On 1st Ap ril , 1953, Dr. G. LaLlghton-Scott (190 1- 6).

OBITUARY THE REV. H. W. MOULE ( K.S. 1887- 90) Bea rer of ~ wellÂˇkno~n name, the R~ v .. H e nry.Willi~\ln Moule died on April 8th, in a Sa lisbury hospital, aner a long hfe of service as CM.S. mLSSlonary m Chma, and subsequently as Vicar of Damerham, Wilts. He was the son of the Rt. Rev . G. E. Moule, consecrated the first Bishop of the Mid-China Diocese in 1 88~. (The diocese was later renamed the Diocese of Chekiang.) Bishop Handley Moule, of Durham, was hi S uncle, as was a lso Archdeacon A. E. Moule ; and Archdeacon W. S. Moule was his cousin. The latter two were C.M.S. missionaries in Chekiang. That diocese, indeed, owes a very great deal to the Mo ule famil y, and at onc time there were twelve of the name serving together there, cou nting in wives ! H. W. Moule was born in 1871 at Hangchow, capit<11 of the province of Chekiang and educated at Ki.ngÂˇs S.c~ool. Canterbu rr:, and Corpu.s Chris.ti College, C~m~ridge, where he sbowed gre'at gifts of scholarShIP, gammg a first class m the ClaSSIcal Trlpos, after wmnmg the Porson Prize for Greek verse. Later he also won anothcr university prize, namely, the Jerem ie Prize. After o rdination by the Bishop of London ' he wenl out to work in the Chekiang Mission in 1896. Most of hi s missiona ry service was spcnt in Hangchow, wherc his proficiency in Chinese in addition to his other great qua lities of heart and mind, enabled him to do notable evangelistic servi~e. Later he al so did some tcachi ng work in the C.M.S. Theological Collegc in Ningpo. He len Chin a in 19 19, a nd was appointed Vicar of Damerham, carrying on his work there till increasing age and infirmities compclled him to resign at the age of 80. He [caves a widow and two sons, one of whom, the Rev. C. D. F. Moule, is now Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. T.O.

THE CANTUARIAN

CORRESPONDENCE To rhe Editors o/uTlle Call1llarioll'', Dear Sirs, Modern man marches o n. It is rea ll y most depressing. Every day the tragic tri umph of the mediocre

over the minority becomes more apparcn~. It is ther~rore all the more, dist !'cs~ ing th at even r:he CallfllQr ia.II, that bastion of backwardness, shows a sign of the times pre:gnant,w, th slg lll ~cancc-th e sl,gnature:s?f Its

co ntributors have changed from imagina tive and profound lnVe.ntlons to bormg and, meallln~ l ess IO lt~als. One example of man y will be enough to impress the reader wi th the dreadful reality of th is evol utIon . In the Easte r number of 195 1 there was the follow in g galaxy of "pen-names". Luc ian , Gem in i, Vulcan, Minimlls Edoua rd H isto riclls' Picaro- pleasa nt fl ight s of fancy all. Against th is, March, 195 2, cou ld on ly mu ; tcr Morpl~eus and S t i~k leback, the la ller bei ng pre-war vin tage anyway. In th is Eas ter's there is but one spark (Ca rol us) flickering against a ti de of self-imp orta nt letters; G.F.N., R.A.D., D.J., B.H., P.H.M ., R.N. B. , P.D., K.D.A., J.A. D.M., S.N.B., etc. The onl y initial in the least sugges tive is J.deV.A .,

and he writes on " Aeschylus at Cambridge" . The dept hs of prosiac priggish ness have be.en pllllnbed.- a rO l1lan~i c re.viv~ll is clearly ne~ess ary; and we humbly implore yo ur contri butor.s to effect It on tha t vital Hon~ enc pnllclple. The art IS to concea l ,t ho artist. Hoping, therefore, th at this letter docs no t suffer the stenle f~\te of most letters to Tlte ContI/OnOIl, we await our December editi on wi th hi gh hopes, and may yet rcma m Your avid readers, J. N. F ISHER, J. D AV IES, P . N. B AU MA NN,

Li nacre HOllsc, The King's Schoo l. To tlte Editors oJ"Tlle Cal/Illaria/l" ,

Dear Si rs, I wish to thank Mess rs. Goodes, Hope-Simpson, Ward , PIIOI and Corner fo r all they have done to make the Boat Club so sllccessful du ring the last two seaso ns. May I al so thank DaVid GI tffit h and Peter Moss who organi zed the Club so well at Fo rdwich? The 1st VIII wi sh mc to exprcss their thanks rol' all the telegrams thcy received during Henley Week. Yours, ctc., D AV Il) RVEl- AND, Caplaill of Boats.

73Q

THE CANTUAR I AN

THE JUNIOR SCHOOL From the Parrot House We at Milner Court have been very sorry that continued quarantine for that idiotic disease, German measles, has put a closure on visits to us by our Old Boys. We assure them that we have both missed their visits, and been thrilled by their exploits in the scholarshi p lists, and in the school'S cricket and rowing. Special congratulations to the seven boys whose names arc elsewhere in the scholarship lists of the K ing's School. This, so far as we can see, constitutes a school record. Milner Court obtained five King's Scholarships on one other occasion since the move here, in 1928; that was in 1939, when F . E. B. Brown, O. W, Eustace, D. S. Stevens, E. W. Johnson and C. W. Birkett obtai ned them. We have, thi s year, also had six; Ali ster Dunning, Stephen Hardisty, Robert Harvey, Anthony Taylor, Alan Turner and Anthony Williams; we have added a music scholar, Angus Campbell ; so we claim to have done better than the best year so far. Not perhaps a cause for pride, but still of sat isfaction, is the fact that we have not had a single failure in Com mon Entrance this year, In these difficult days not many preparatory schools can make this claim. We have, so far, had a good cricket season; not start ing too well, but making rapid improvement as the term draws on, as seems to be our custom. Of our opponents, the redoubtable Tormore continue to prove a difficult foe. We lost our first match with them, and drew the iiecond . To the time of writi ng, the 1st xr has won one ot her match (St. Edmund's) and drawn two. Two others have been scratched. An "A" XI beat Friar's School 1st XI. Our 2nd Xl has one win a nd one defeat for its record; one of its matches was scratched. The junior XI (under 10) has won its only match. The swi mming bath has been as popular as ever. Leaving the Junior House out of account, only 34 of our 150 or so have failed to pass thei r first point, by swimming one length of the bath. The youngest member (aged 6t) deserves congratulat ions for having passed this test. We have great hopes of entering a good team for the district's Scout a nd Cub Swimming Sports on July 14th, but this column wiII have gone to press before the result can be reported. We had our private celebration of academic successes (two periods off for every scholarship- a lot, but a bargain's a bargain). Six of the fourteen thus earned were worked off by a day's expedition to the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Light Railway; by 'bus to Hythe, then by special train to Dungeness, where we lunched- there was something special about this too-then by train for the return journey to New Romney, where we all visited the 0 gauge model railway, with a good deal of envy; and so back to Hythe, more refreshment, and the East Kent ' buses which brought us back to Sturry. A good day, marred somewhat by Dungeness winds and grey skies. The very evening we returned from this expedition we found that the promised bridge to con nect the river field with the nearer shore of the Stour, about which we seem to have been writi ng, off and on, for three or four years, and for which we have been hoping for at least seven years, had been put into position. It had stood, bui lt, looking rather forlorn and out of place, and weighing 3, tons, on one bank, for a week before that, and we had wondered how it was to be taken across. But so it was, while we were away. The two old planks were then taken away, not before it was time, as we saw; so we are bound to use the new bridge before the opening ceremony. which will take place just before the Sports, on July 27th. Perhaps only the parents of the fou r boys who have fallen into the river off the old bridge can fully express their grat itude to Mr. E. A. Shearing, to whose generosity this bridge is chiefl y due. Or perhaps tho feeling of grat itude may be more feelingly expressed by the more elderly members of our audience on such occasions as Sports Day. A headmaster must admit to feelin gs of relief on such occasions, after large numbers have sllccessfully walked the plank, as he had so often wondered whether they really could. He did feci qualms about boys who were unsuccessful in crossing, but then they could. after all, always get out of the river again, and have the mud washed ofT them, May we also be permitted to express our gratitude to the Governors of the school, who have given us a tarmac surface to our entrance drive, playground, and to the exit road round the Barn? The road surface had been bad for a long time-beginning from the military occupation of the war years- and was getting rapidly worse. It had first been thought possible to tackle the matter by instalments, and the first part, the playground, was put in hand during the Easter holidays. The completion of that section, in time for the beginning of term, only made it more obvious that the whole job had to be done before next winter, and SOt permission to finish it having been given, the rest of the work is being completed as I write these lines. W.H.O.

231