" Women and Science"
Victoria Demchuk, Ukraine, Ternopil
Women in science are not lost on the general background. There is even an area that could be called "female kingdom " - is philology. But this is only one unique example . In mathematics and the natural sciences dominated by men , but there is a loud female names .
Women scientists tend to work in schools and in the public sector, while men dominate the private research sector, where higher wages and more opportunities for growth.? In most of the world, women-scientists mainly engaged in social sciences and in the field of engineering , design and technology are considerably less. UNESCO believes that creating equal conditions for women should be encouraged to study math and science. The world in general something like gender equality exists only in every fifth country where 45-55% of researchers - are women.
We can recall a lot of women with outstanding achievements to world science
Thus, the wife of Albert Einstein, Mileva Maric, who studied with him for a year at Zurich Polytechnic Institute, then was actually the co-author of Einstein in the creation of his major works, although her name was not mentioned in their publications.
The work of Maria Sklodowska-Curie in Physics and Chemistry were awarded with Nobel Prize - in 1903 for Physics and Chemistry in 1911. Her work continued daughter, Irene Joliot-Curie, whose name named unit activity of radioactive isotopes
Prominent mathematician Sofia V. Kovalevskaya became Doctor of Science in 1874, but returned home without their knowledge has been applied. Although later she was elected an honorary member of Russian Academy of Sciences, working in Russia it has not been provided.
In the early twentieth century, the Sorbonne defended their doctoral theses, several Russian women Kramarskaya, Bilevych-Stankevich, Borodin. But at home they were denied in teaching and classroom teaching.
Yet why the number of male researchers prevails? ? This question has several answers. ??? First of all, it is difficulty to combine work and care for young children. This problem can be overcome by distance work or by creating conditions for child care for the main job. It is appropriate to borrow international experience, where the universities are kindergartens for children of employees.
Also, there is practiced flexible working hours for women scientists with young children, so they are not interrupted career . Indeed, the scientific world is moving very fast, and two years sitting at home - enough to keep up with the overall dynamics. ??? Another problem - a gender stereotypes that are prevalent in the circle of men on the role of women in science, and society in general. They often rise in women a sense of psychological discomfort.
And now everything is much easier. Today is a program to support research, they are mostly overseas. In Western universities have special officials responsible for compliance with gender balance. And this experience well worth borrow. It is through such programs currently no women lag behind men in the field of science.
Today, some women have property among them Irina Novostavska my new project - "Intelligent debate." The project gathers experts from different fields. It began with that gathered experts from the fields of art, media, the scope of business. Then gradually it developed and now on each topic is a scientist. Now we have the theme of "Myths about treatment." We know that treatment is of much debate. No one knows whether you choose traditional (evidentiary) treatment or unconventional. Irina Degtyarev, candidate of philological sciences, doctoral dridi NAPA Council of Young Scientists of Dnipropetrovsk region. And many others. Recently Ukraine celebrated the international day of women in science - 11 February