GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Por Olga Lucia Osorio
Concept Of Graphic Organizers • A pictorial way of constructing knowledge and organizing information. • They help you convert and compress a lot of apparently disjointed information into a structured, simple-to-read, graphic display. The resulting visual display conveys complex information in a simple-to-understand manner. • Some of which are also called concept maps, unit relationship charts, and mind maps.
Increasing Understanding by Creating Graphic Organizers • The process of converting a mass of data/information/ideas into a graphic map gives you an increased understanding of the topic.
Creating Graphic Organizers • Concentrate on the relationships between the items. • Examine the meanings attached to each of them. • Prioritize the information, determining which parts of the material are the most important and should be focused upon, and where each item should be placed in the map.
Increasing Understanding by Creating Graphic Organizers • Generate ideas as they develop and note their thoughts visually. • The content associated with a topic becomes clearer as your ideas are classified visually.
• Organize and retain information
Uses of Graphic Organizers • Graphic organizers can be used to structure writing projects, to help in problem solving, decision making, studying, planning research and brainstorming.
Creating Graphic Organizers • Graphic organizers can be drawn free-hand or printed. • Adding color-coding and/or pictures to a graphic organizer increase the utility and readability of the visual display.
Classification Of Graphic Organizers Hierarchical diagramming
Sequence charts
Compare and contrast charts
Simple Hierarchical Model
Simple Hierarchical Example Graphic Organizers A pictorial way to organize infomation
Hierarchical Model
Sequence Charts
Compare and Contrast Charts
Other Hierarchical Models Category
Subcategory
Subcategory
Subcategory
List examples of each type
Sequence Charts
Simple Compare and Contrast Chart
Contrast or Differences
Comparisons or Similarities
Contrast or Differences
Types of Grapgic Organizers • The task at hand determines the type of graphic organizer that is appropriate. • The following is a list of common graphic organizers.
Star Diagram • If the topic involves investigating attributes associated with a single topic, use a star diagram as your graphic organizer. • Example: Finding methods that help your study skills (like taking notes, reading, doing homework, memorizing, etc.)
Spider Diagram
• If the topic involves investigating attributes associated with a single topic, and then obtaining more details on each of these ideas, use a spider diagram as your graphic organizer. This is like the star graphic organizer with one more level of detail. • Example: Finding methods that help your study skills (like taking notes, reading, memorizing, etc.), and investigating the factors involved in performing each of the methods.
Fishbone Diagram • If the topic involves investigating multiple cause-andeffect factors associated with a complex topic and how they inter-relate, use a fishbone diagram as your graphic organizer. • Example: Examining the effects of improved farming methods.
Main Ideas
Main ideas
Main Ideas
Main Ideas
•Details •Details
•Details •Details
•Details •Details
•Details •Details
Clustering Diagram • If the topic involves generating a web of ideas based on a stimulus topic, use a clustering diagram as your graphic organizer.
• Example: brainstorming.
Chain of Events • If the topic involves a linear chain of events, with a definite beginning, middle, and end, use a chain of events graphic organizer.
• Example: Analyzing the plot of a story.
Timeline or Continuum
• If the topic has definite beginning and ending points, and a number of divisions or sequences in between, use a continuum/timeline. • Example: Displaying milestones in a person's life.
Cycle of Events • If the topic involves a recurring cycle of events, with no beginning and no end, use a cyclic graphic organizer. • Example: Documenting the stages in the lifecycle of an animal.
Flowchart
• If the topic involves a chain of instructions to follow, with a beginning and multiple possible outcomes at some node, with rules at some nodes, use a flowchart.
• Example: Computer programmers sometimes use flowcharts to organize the algorithm before writing a program.
Venn Diagram
Contrast or Differences
Comparisons or Similarities
Contrast or Differences
• If the task involves examining the similarities and differences between two or three items, use a Venn diagram. • Example: Examining the similarities and differences between fish and whales, or comparing a book and the accompanying movie.
T- Chart Diagram • If the task involves analyzing or comparing with two aspects of the topic, use a T-Chart. • Example: Fill out a TChart to evaluate the pros and cons associated with a topic.
How to Choose a Graphic Organizer
Vocabulary Meaning Module Page 6 Directions: Write the meaning next to the correct word a. to arrange in order of importance so that you can deal with the most important things before the others b. To shorten something c. consisting of or having the form of a picture or pictures d. to express feelings, thoughts, or information to other people e. awareness, understanding, or information that has been obtained by experience or study, and that is either in a person’s mind or possessed by people generally f. a list of instructions for solving a problem g. to get better, or to make something better h. to be the right size or shape for someone or something e. an important event in the development or history of something or in someone’s life j. to form or gather together
References • Hall, T., & Strangman, N. (2002).Graphic organizers. Wakefield, MA: National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Available at http://www.cast.org/publications/ncac/ncac_go.html
• Strangman, N., Hall, T., Meyer, A. (2003) Graphic Organizers and Implications for Universal Design for Learning: Curriculum Enhancement Report. Wakefield, MA: National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Available at http://www.k8accesscenter.org/training_resources/udl/GraphicOrg anizersHTML.asp
Thank you for your attention