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ALCANCE: Este documento es válido a partir de la fecha hasta nueva aprobación del Consejo Académico.
Introduction Reading Comprehension is the ability to understand a written passage of text. It‟s answering “yes” to the question, “Did you „get‟ what you read?” Reading comprehension is what allows the reader to interact with the text in a meaningful way. It‟s the bridge from passive reading to active reading -- from letters and words to characters and contexts. Reading comprehension is the crucial link to effective reading -- a strong factor in our educational and professional lives. For many, reading comprehension also unlocks the door to a lifetime of reading recreation and enjoyment. Every part of this module provides a variety of motivating activities (key words, introduction activity, learning activities) and invites students to practice, expressing their ideas and develop their creativity about a topic of high interest. Term I
Graphic Organizers
Term II
Types of paragraphs Identifying the Topic, Main Idea, Topic Sentence, and Details
Term III
Summary Strategies
Term IV
Meaning of unknown words from context
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Definition Example Synonym Description
TEACHER TERM
IV
LENGTH
10 weeks
SUBJECT
Reading Comprehension
AREA
Foreign Languages
AREA´S OBJECTIVE
To provide the environment and tools for students to acquire English as a second language through the four skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) necessary to engage other cultures as a world citizen.
YEAR COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT
To understand short and simple texts, to find specific information in ads, menus, schedules, and short letters.
TERM COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT
To infer the meaning of unknown words using context clues.
GENERATIVE TOPIC
CONTENT
Figure it out!
Context Clues
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Definition Example Synonym Description
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TERM COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENTS
To use context clues to infer the meaning of unknown words.
AGENDA STANDARD
Identifico relaciones de significado expresadas en textos sobre temas que me son familiares.
COMPREHENSION PERFORMANCES
DATE
1. To discuss different types 1st – 3rd of contexts present in a week text that we could use to infer the unknown words. 2. To practice reading short paragraphs and th th identifying the type of 4 - 5 week context given as clue. 3. To read different types of paragraphs and infer the meaning of unknown words. 6th - 7th week
8th – 10th week
ONGOING ASSESSMENT
Class discussions
Reading exercises
Quizzes
Final exam
OUTCOME LEVELS Superior (S)
Alto (A)
Basico (Bs)
Bajo (B)
Aplica estrategias de lectura para deducir el significado de palabras polisémicas.
Aplica estrategias de lectura para deducir el significado de palabras polisémicas de acuerdo al contexto de la lectura.
Comprende lecturas cortas sobre temas familiares.
Se le dificulta deducir el significado de palabras desconocidas de acuerdo al contexto de la lectura.
Table of Content 1. Types of Context Clues…………………………………………58 2. What Type of Context Clue is it?………………………59 3. Context Clues Contest …………………………………………61 4. Understanding Unfamiliar words……………………………61 5. Teamwork Game ……………………………………………………63 6. Reading and Understanding……………………………………65 7. Context Clues Millionaire Game……………………………66 8. Context Clues Practice…………………………………………67 9. Reading and Context Clues…………………………………69 10.
Context Clues Quiz………………………………………70
11.
Context Clues Millionaire Game.………………73
Types of Context Clues Read and discuss with the class the content of the topic. Share with others the experience you have had with unknown words. When you come to an unfamiliar word in your reading, you can use context clues to help you figure out its meaning. Context clues may be in the same sentence as the unknown word, or in surrounding sentences. This chart gives examples of four types of context clues.
Definition or Explanation
• "The slate, or list of candidates, includes students from every class." • The meaning of the unknown word slate is explained with a definition.
Example
• "Our president has many fine endowments, such as confidence and friendlyness." • Confidence and friendlyness are examples of characteristics or endowments.
Synonym
• "The students called for reforms. They said changes were needed." • The words reforms and changes are synonym.
Description
• The incumbent president had already been in office for a full term. • Context clues describe incumbent as someone who is already in an elected position.
Activity 1: What Type of Context Clue is it? Read the following passages and identify what type of context clue (definition, example, synonym, description) you recognized to figure out the meaning of the underlined words. Then, circle the meaning of the
1. Projectiles include items such as a cannon shell, bullet, or rocket. Using the _____________________ clue, the word projectiles in this sentence means: things put down things shot forward
things hurt things broken
2. The girls languidly put on their jackets as if they had no energy at all. Using the _____________________ clue, the word languidly in this sentence means: energetically quickly
energy-less actively
3. Katie appeared infallible in math class because she had never gotten a problem wrong.
Using the _____________________ clue, the word infallible in this sentence means: never wrong mistaken
wrong incorrect
4. The book of logic contained many conundrums - mind-exercising puzzles. Using the _____________________ clue, the word conundrums in this sentence means: pictures stories
answers puzzles
5. The events for the conference were listed in chronological order. They began with the first event of the day and ended with the closing ceremonies in the evening.
Using the _____________________ clue, the word chronological in this sentence means: out of order broken
messed up in order
6. After being unable to get a good night's sleep for many days, Allyson became lethargic. She didn't have the energy to get out of bed.
Using the _____________________ clue, the word lethargic in this sentence means: active bubbly
exhausted lively
7. Zack was a good at many sports. He excelled in swimming, running,
horsemanship, fencing, and target shooting. He decided to compete in the pentathlon rather than having to choose one of the events. Using the _____________________ clue, the word pentathlon in this sentence means: competition with two events competition with eight events
competition with ten events competition with five events
8. The voters were so upset about the outcome of the election that a skirmish broke out and the police had to break it up.
Using the _____________________ clue, the word skirmish in this sentence means: fight sunshine
hurricane creature
Source: http://www.edhelper.com/language/Context_Clues.htm
Activity 2: Context Clues Contest You will require a big screen TV in the classroom and 5 volunteers to play this game. Log in the web page below. Each player takes a turn. The player who accumulates more points wins. Web Page: http://www.quia.com/rr/151544.html
Activity 3: Understanding Unfamiliar Words Read the following statements and choose the meaning of the underlined words. 1. My younger sister can be an irritating nuisance when I am doing my homework. In this sentence, the word nuisance means:
help annoyance
pleasure delight
2. Melissa sauntered over to our table while Cheryl hurried over. In this sentence, the word sauntered means:
walked in a slow, easy way hurried
beat rapidly ran
3. We should be careful not to ostracize those who are different from us. It is much better for all if we are welcoming to everyone. In this sentence, the word ostracize means:
embrace exclude
welcome include
4. The artist was very careful and exact as he meticulously painted the portrait. In this sentence, the word meticulously means:
hurriedly precise or detailed
careless sloppy
5. The insidious burglar was able to sneak into the house without being heard or seen. In this sentence, the word insidious means:
sneaky strong
clumsy loud
6. The twins were both crying at the same time so Mom tried to soothe one while Dad tried to mollify the other. In this sentence, the word mollify means:
soothe make sad
worry upset
7. The sight of the ominous clouds told us that clear weather was far from our area. In this sentence, the word ominous means:
stormy or dark clear
fluffy bright
8. We shopped at the emporium, which is as large as the shopping center, for shampoo and bath soap. In this sentence, the word emporium in this sentence means:
amusement park bathroom
large store library
9. In the pirate story, there were the good guys against the buccaneers. Using the contrast clue, the word buccaneers in this sentence means:
actors pirates
teachers helpers
10. An evanescent ring surrounded the moon as it rose. It was there for a moment, and then it disappeared. Using the explanation clue, the word evanescent in this sentence means:
full ongoing
brief bright
Activity 4: Teamwork Game Get in teams of 3. Read and answer the following questions. Write answers on a separate sheet of paper. You have 15 minutes to hand in your papers to the teacher. Then, discuss your answers with the class while the teacher checks them. The team which answers the most questions correct wins 5 bonus points per each correct answer. You may not use a dictionary for this activity. Use the context to help you define the term in bold. 1.
Snakes are apodal. They slither rather than walk. having two feet having four feet having two hands having no feet
2.
The town did a demographic study of its citizens. study of the population having no feet Dull picture of the population
3.
Henry Ford introduced the archetype of the automobile. latest versi贸n last of its kind first of its kind none of the above
4.
I always seek out a crowd because I suffer from monophobia. fear of fathers fear of crowds fear of being alone fear of mothers
5.
Are you a monoglot, or are you bilingual? able to speak one language able to speak more than three languages able to speak two languages
able to speak three languages 6.
We rode on the monorail around the zoo. It was easier than walking. cars suspended from a single rail Strollers trains on many rails none of the above
7.
His voice is monotone and boring. He never varies his speaking. speech that is slurred speech not having any change in pitch speech constantly changing in pitch speech that is easy to listen to
8.
My job is monotonous. It‟s the same thing day after day. changeless exciting riveting changeable
9.
I‟m trying to get a monopoly in the book business. I don‟t like to share. Money Game many hands exclusive control
10 .
I wouldn‟t like to live in an oligarchy. I think more is better. rule by many rule by two rule by few rule by one
Activity 5: Reading and Understanding Read the following article and underline unknown words. Then, use the context clues to guess its meaning. Americans are Captivated by “Reality Television� Americans have been captivated by a new kind of entertainment called "reality television." More than two dozen reality shows are on the air so far, and more are in the works. Each week, ordinary people appear in unusual situations, trying to win $1 million, going out on a date with a stranger, or displaying their abilities in on-air talent shows. "OK, thank you, Chip. Your audition was very, very corny. American Idol's Simon Cowell, a London-based music producer, tells VOA the program searches for talented singers, awarding the best with a recording contract. A judge on the program, Mr. Cowell produces a similar show in Britain called Pop Idol, and says he's never shy about bursting anyone's bubble. In fact, he's brutally honest. "I've been doing auditions for 25 years, and the nature of auditions are to tell the truth. And unfortunately, most people who turn up are dreadful," he says. "And I tell them." The reality series Survivor watches ordinary people as they struggle to survive under harsh conditions. Last season, contestants were left on a tropical island in Thailand. Winner Brian Heidik says the show was about sleep deprivation, lack of food - and patience. Contestants face challenges from nature and from their fellow contestants, who winnow their numbers by voting people one by one off the island. The winner, in this case Mr. Heidik, receives $1 million. A car salesman with a gift for persuasion, he says he started with a strategy to outwit other contestants. "I'm going to control your mind, I'm going to manipulate your emotions, but I'm going to have a good time doing it," he says. "See, most people forget why they're out there. I kind of stuck to a plan. I reaffirmed to myself every day why I was there :the money, the money, the money, the money." Executive producer Mark Burnett says Survivor has a loyal following of 20 million viewers because the series, in his opinion, is just as engaging as a movie. "It's a vicarious travel experience, compelling characters, and good story telling. It's not stunt TV," he says. Survivor will soon enter its sixth season with contestants left to fend for themselves in the Brazilian Amazon. Mike Fleiss produces several reality series, including The Bachelor and The Bachelorette, which track the dating adventures of a single man and woman. "These shows are all pretty tightly edited because you shoot round the clock, in the case of the Bachelor show, for seven weeks," he says. "So we end up with 700 hours of tape, and we only make seven hours of it. So we're boiling it down pretty thoroughly." Some, like the series Joe Millionaire, have been criticized as ethically questionable. The series features a man who has supposedly inherited $50 million. The women he dates do not know that he is in fact a construction worker with a modest income.
"The most talked-about show of the year, 'Joe Millionaire.' And it all starts right now." The series was shot in advance of airing, so producers were able to keep the truth from the women until production was finished.
Make a list of 15 unknown words from the story and write next to it what context clue help you guess its meaning. 1. ______________________: __________________________________ 2. ______________________: __________________________________ 3. ______________________: __________________________________ 4. ______________________: __________________________________ 5. ______________________: __________________________________ 6. ______________________: __________________________________ 7. ______________________: __________________________________ 8. ______________________: __________________________________ 9. ______________________: __________________________________ 10.______________________: __________________________________ 11.______________________: __________________________________ 12.______________________: __________________________________ 13.______________________: __________________________________ 14.______________________: __________________________________ 15.______________________: __________________________________
Activity 6: Context Clues Millionaire Game You will require a big screen TV in the classroom and 5 volunteers to play this game. Log in the web page below. Each player takes a turn. The player who accumulates more points wins. Web Page: http://www.quia.com/rr/151544.html
Activity 7: Context Clues Practice Use the context to help you define the term in bold. 1.
I‟m going to use a pseudonym when I write my book so my family doesn‟t recognize me. fake name real name Pen Typewriter
2.
There was great pandemonium in the street during the riot. chaos calm peace pleasure
3.
When I go to New Mexico, I always go to the top of the Sandia Mountains to get a panoramic view of the City of Albuquerque. wide short small narrow
4.
I think your illness is psychosomatic because there seems to be no physical cause. Real in your head Narrow Short
5.
We should boycott products made by exploited workers. If the company doesn‟t sell their product, maybe they will understand our point of view. to purchase to buy for a boy to not buy to buy
6.
The little boy was abducted from his bedroom sometime during the night. Left slept the whole night taken away from brought to
7.
Good light and a quiet atmosphere are conducive to learning. distract from bad for Harmful lead to
8.
Did you remember to take all of your deductions when you filed your income taxes? Itâ€&#x;s important to count everything. subtractions Additions medical insurance premiums property taxes
9.
The whole team felt dejected after they lost the final game. They all hung their heads. elated sad satisfied glad
10 .
If you canâ€&#x;t behave, we will have to eject you from this game. throw you out keep you in keep you silent make you play
Activity 8: Reading and Context Clues Use the context of the selections to help you choose the correct meaning of each boldfaced word.
Democracy and Freedom 1. In a democracy, the people choose their government. In order to make intelligent choices, the people need to know what those who are running the government are doing. They must be able to get news that is not controlled by the government. Newspapers and other news organizations must be able to report all the news. Freedom of the press is a very important part of any democracy. a. to push b. a strong forward movement c. to keep asking d. news reporting organizations 2. Freedom of speech is just as important as freedom of the press. That means that all citizens should have the right to inform others of what they know and express their opinions. That doesnâ€&#x;t mean being able to lock yourself in a closet and whisper. It means being able to get your thoughts out to as many people as possible. Beware of politicians who want to repress that right. a. control, or hold down b. push again c. fight to protect d. say again 3. In a free society, people can practice their religious beliefs without fear. They may also elect to belong to no religion at all. Freedom of religion is safest in democratic nations. a. vote b. ask c. find d. choose 4. In order for people to be able to exercise their rights, they must be able to work together. They must be able to form groups to give strength to their causes. That right is known as freedom of assembly. a. a concert b. speaking c. listening d. joining together Source: http://wps.ablongman.com/long_licklider_vocabulary_2/0,6658,416421-,00.html
Activity 9: Context Clues Quiz Read each sentence below and write down the closest meaning type of context clue (Definition, Synonym, Example, Description) that helps you define the meaning of the key term. Then, circle the meaning. 1. Joan loves to buy exotic foods: vegetables and herbs from China, spices from India, olives from Greece, and cheeses from France. a. Expensive b. Seasonings c. Rare d. From Other Places 2. Emotionally disturbed people may be troubled by morbid thoughts. For instance, they may often think about suicide or murder. a. Disturbing b. Dealing with death c. Psychologically ill d. Scary 3. At first, the surgery seemed to be successful. But several hours later, the patient’s condition began to deteriorate, and it continued to worsen over the next few days. a. Stabilize b. Surprise everyone c. Change d. Decay or decline 4. In Dickens’ A Christmas Carol, the miserly Ebenezer Scrooge is visited by three spirits who changed him into a generous man. a. Cheapskate b. Single and elderly c. Unhappy d. Wealthy 5. Raul is an indulgent father. For instance, he lets his daughter stay up as late as she likes and he never insists that she does her homework. a. Lazy and caring b. Stupid and kind c. Strict and mean d. Lenient and tolerant
6. Languages evolve over time, as you can see if you open a page of The Canterbury Tales, written about six hundred years ago by the English poet Chaucer. It is barely recognizable as English today. a. Develop b. Age c. Increase complexity d. Regress 7. The decision Veronica made to study instead of going out for pizza with her friends was prudent. She got an A on the exam, while her friends all got D’s. a. Anti-social b. Careful and wise c. Selfish d. Calculating 8. Whenever something bad happens to Jane, she ways it’s the fault of destiny. But I prefer to take charge of my own life rather than simply blaming fate. a. Bad luck b. Evil caused by someone c. Poor planning d. Event that happens regardless 9. My father died when I was a baby, but Mom told me so many stories about him that I feel I knew him well. For example, one anecdote was about how he cried with joy when I was born. a. Medicine or cure b. Biographical account c. Example d. Joke 10. Ivan is a wonderful piano player. But Jerri is more versatile; she sings, acts, paints and writes poetry, and also plays the piano. a. Talented b. Show off c. Superior skills d. Many abilities 11. This third grade was full of precocious children. One child had learned to read at two and another could do algebra at age 6. a. Backward b. Active c. Ahead d. Pretty
12. I expected truthfulness from a doctor; I was shocked by his mendacity. a. Dupllicity b. Meanness c. Candidness d. Knowledge 13. When my grandfather meets someone with that much knowledge in a field, he finds that their erudition frightens him and he is inclined to withdraw. a. Rudeness b. Scholarliness c. Illiteracy d. Age 14. When going to an office party you should show your best decorum, for example, dress your best, drink and eat moderately, and be sure to thank the host before you leave. a. Civility b. Decorations c. Party moves d. Rudeness 15. We thought that the mother would be very distraught at hearing of her husband's accident; however, she took the news quite calmly. a. Tranquil b. Angry c. Disgusted d. Anxious 16. It is refreshing to see students so excited, so zealous in doing their homework. a. Zany b. Dedicated c. Indifferent d. Jealous Source: http://www.montgomerycollege.edu/~steuben/practice_context_clues.htm
Activity 10: Context Clues Millionaire Game You will require a big screen TV in the classroom and 5 volunteers to play this game. Log in the web page below. Each player takes a turn. The player who accumulates more points wins. Web Page: http://www.sadlier-oxford.com/phonics/5_6/cows/cows.htm
Remember ‌.. Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body!!!