Piri Reis - Kitab-ı Bahriye

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The Walters Art Museum 600 N. Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21201 http://www.thewalters.org/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode Published 2009


NOTE: The pages in this book are ordered from right to left. This means that to view the pages in order, you should go the last page of the document and read what would be from “back-to-front� for a Western manuscript.

This document is a digital facsimile of selections from a manuscript belonging to the Walters Art Museum, in Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. It is one of a number of manuscripts that have been digitized as part of a project generously funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and by an anonymous donor to the Walters Art Museum. More details about the manuscripts at the Walters can be found by visiting The Walters Art Museum's website www.thewalters.org. For further information about this book, and online resources for Walters manuscripts, please contact us through the Walters Website by email, and ask for your message to be directed to the Department of Manuscripts.





























































































































































































































































The Walters Art Museum 600 N. Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21201 http://www.thewalters.org/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode Published 2009


Loupis, Dimitris. “Piri Reis’s Book on Navigation as a Geography Handbook: Ottoman Efforts to Produce an Atlas during the Reign of Sultan Mehmed IV (1648-1687).” The Portolan: Journal of the Washington Map Society 52 (2001-2002): 11-17. Hepworth, Paul. "Production and Date of the Walters' Kitabi Bahriye." Journal of the Walters Art Museum 63 (2005): 73-80.

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Form: Illustration fol. 374a: Title: Caspian Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Caspian Sea (Baḥr-i Khazar). Provenance

Name: Aḥmad Afandī (fol. 4a) Name: ʿAlī Afandī (fol. 4a) Name: Sayyid ʿAlī Qapūdān (fol. 1a) Bequest (waqf) seal of Sultan Maḥmūd Khān, followed by a bequest statement (now erased) and the seal of the inspector of wakfs, Muṣṭafá Ṭāhir (fol. 4a)

Acquisition

Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequest

Binding

The binding is not original. Later binding, slightly too large for the textblock (with flap); central panel and side panels richly decorated and brushed with gold; dentelle-style doublures of red leather with a central lobed oval and cornerpieces with filigree work

Bibliography

Goodrich, Thomas D. "Supplemental Maps in the Kitab-i Bahriye of Piri Reis." Archivum Ottomanicum 13 (1993-94): 117-141. Soucek, Svatopluk. Piri Reis and Turkish Mapmaking after Columbus: The Khalili Portolan Atlas. London: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, 1996. Loupis, Dimitris. “Ottoman Adaptations of Early Italian Isolarii.” Journal of the International Map Collectors’ Society 80 (2000): 15-23. Loupis, Dimitris. “Ottoman Nautical Charting and Miniature Painting: Technology and Aesthetics.” In M. Uğur Derman 65th Birthday Festschrift / 65 Yaş Armağanı, ed. İrvin Cemil Schick (İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi, 2000), 369-397.

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fol. 366b: Title: Part of the coastline of the Sea of Marmara with the town of Kavak Form: Illustration Label: This map shows part of the coastline of the Sea of Marmara with the town of Kavak (Qavāq). fol. 368b: Title: Island of Marmara in the Sea of Marmara Form: Illustration fol. 369b: Title: Island of Mīr ʿAlī Form: Illustration fol. 370b: Title: City of Constantinople Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the city of Constantinople (Qusṭanṭinīyah). fol. 371a: Title: Coastline of the Black Sea from Istanbul to Geresun Form: Illustration fol. 371b: Title: Coastline of the Black Sea Form: Illustration fol. 372a: Title: Crimea, Sea of Azov, and mouth of the Dnieper River Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Crimea (Qrīm), the Sea of Azov, and the mouth of the Dnieper River. fol. 372b: Title: Sea of Marmara, Bosporus Strait, and the Black Sea Form: Illustration fol. 373a: Title: Coastline of the Black Sea

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Label: This map shows the islands of Foleġandros and Ios (İnyos, İnye). fol. 356a: Title: Islands of Foleġandros and Melos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Foleġandros and Melos (Deġirmenlik). fol. 357b: Title: Island of Melos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Melos (Deġirmenlik). fol. 359b: Title: Island of Serofos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Serofos (Ḳoyunluǧa). fol. 360b: Title: Island of Kythnos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Kythnos (Termia). fol. 361b: Title: Island of Keos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Keos (Kea, Murtat, Mürted). fol. 362b: Title: Island of Skyros Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Skyros (İskire). fol. 364b: Title: Aloneses and other islands Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Aloneses (Čamlığa) and other islands.

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Form: Illustration fol. 343b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast Form: Illustration fol. 344b: Title: Istanbul island Form: Illustration Label: This map shows Istanbul island (Jazīrah-i Istānpūlīye). fol. 346a: Title: Islands of Karpathos and Kasos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Karpathos (Kerpe) and Kasos (Cūbān). fol. 351b: Title: Fragment of the island of Crete Form: Illustration fol. 352a: Title: Island of Crete Form: Illustration fol. 353a: Title: Island of Anafi east of Thera Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Anafi (Anāfiyah) east of Thera (Thira). fol. 354a: Title: Islands of Santorini and Thera in the Aegean Sea north of Crete Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Santorini (Ṣāntūrūn) and Thera (Thira) in the Aegean Sea, north of Crete. fol. 355a: Title: Islands of Foleġandros and Ios Form: Illustration

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fol. 331a: Title: Anatolian coastline from Alanya to Andalye Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline from Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye) to Andalye (Antalya, formerly known as Adalia or Attalia). fol. 334b: Title: Island of Cyprus Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Cyprus (Qibrīz, Kıbrıs). fol. 336b: Title: Anatolian coastline east of Finike Form: Illustration fol. 337b: Title: Islands off the coast of Finike Form: Illustration fol. 338b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast Form: Illustration fol. 339b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast Form: Illustration fol. 340b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast Form: Illustration fol. 341b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast Form: Illustration fol. 342b: Title: Unidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coast

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fol. 323a: Title: Anatolian coastline from the city of Alexandretta as far as the shores of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline from the city of Alexandretta (İskenderun) as far as the shores of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia). fol. 324a: Title: Anatolian coastline and the cities of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia) and Tarsus Form: Illustration fol. 325a: Title: Anatolian coastline with the city of Silifke Form: Illustration fol. 326a: Title: Anatolian coastline from Silfke to Anamur Form: Illustration fol. 327a: Title: Anatolian coastline around Anamur Form: Illustration fol. 328a: Title: Anatolian coastline as far as Alanya Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline as far as Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye). fol. 329a: Title: Fortress of Alanya Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the fortress of Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye). fol. 330a: Title: Anatolian coastline from Alanya to Andalye Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline from Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye) to Andalye (Antalya, formerly known as Adalia or Attalia).

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fol. 315a: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline with the city of Tyre Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline with the city of Tyre (Ṣūr). fol. 316a: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline as far as the city of Beirut Form: Illustration fol. 317b: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline and the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline and the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām). fol. 319a: Title: City of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus– i Shām). fol. 320b: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline from the island of Khātūn as far as Latakia (Lādhiqīyah) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline from the island of Khātūn as far as Latakia (Lādhiqīyah). fol. 322a: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline (marked here as the coast of İskenderun) and the cities of Latakia and Antakya Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline (marked here as the coast of İskenderun) and the cities of Latakia (Lādhiqīyah) and Antakya (ʿAnṭāqīyah).

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Nile River estuary with the cities of Rosetta (Rashid) and Būrullūs on either side. fol. 307a: Title: Nile River with various oases on either side Form: Illustration fol. 307b: Title: Towns and oases along the Nile River, beginning with Būlāq south of Cairo Form: Illustration fol. 308b: Title: City of Damietta on the Egyptian coast Form: Illustration fol. 309b: Title: Unmarked part of the Egyptian coastline Form: Illustration fol. 310a: Title: Oases and villages along the Nile River as far as Sīdī Mūsá Form: Illustration fol. 310b: Title: Nile River with various oases on either side as far as Sīdī Maʿrūf Form: Illustration fol. 312a: Title: Syrian coastline and the cities of Gaza and Ramlah (present-day Gaza Strip) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Syrian coastline and the cities of Gaza (Ghazzah) and Ramlah (present-day Gaza Strip). fol. 313b: Title: Eastern Mediterranean coastline (here marked as the Gulf of Aqaba) with the cities of Jaffa and Caesarea (present-day Israel) Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the Libyan coastline as far as Salūm. fol. 297b: Title: Egyptian coastline from Salūm east Form: Illustration fol. 298b: Title: Egyptian coastline from Matrūḥ east toward Alexandria Form: Illustration fol. 300a: Title: Coastline of Alexandria showing a portion of the town itself Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Alexandria (Iskandarīyah) with a portion of the town itself. fol. 302a: Title: City of Alexandria Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the city of Alexandria (Iskandarīyah). fol. 303b: Title: Egyptian coastline from Alexandria as far as the city of Rosetta Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Egyptian coastline from Alexandria (Iskandarīyah) as far as the city of Rosetta (Rashīd). fol. 304b: Title: The Nile River from its estuary south Form: Illustration fol. 305a: Title: City of Cairo Form: Illustration fol. 306b: Title: Nile River estuary with the cities of Rosetta and Būrullūs on either side

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Label: This map shows the Tunisian coastline with the cities of Kelibia (Qalabīyah), Hammamet (Ḥammāmāt), Sousse (Ṣūṣah), and Monastir (Munṣaṭir). fol. 283b: Title: Tunisian coastline with the fortress of Mahdīyah and the island of Jarbah Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Tunisian coastline with the fortress of Mahdīyah and the island of Jarbah (Jerba). fol. 286b: Title: Coastline of Tripoli Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus). fol. 289a: Title: Fortress of Tripoli and surrounding area Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the fortress of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus-i Maghrib) and the surrounding area. fol. 290a: Title: Libyan coastline from Tripoli east toward Egypt Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Libyan coastline from Tripoli east toward Egypt. fol. 293a: Title: Libyan coastline as far as Benghazi Form: Illustration fol. 294b: Title: Libyan coastline toward the Egyptian border Form: Illustration fol. 295b: Title: Libyan coastline toward the Egyptian border Form: Illustration fol. 296b: Title: Libyan coastline as far as Salūm Form: Illustration

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fol. 271b: Title: Algerian coastline from Algiers to Bejaia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian coastline from Algiers (Jazāʾir) to Bejaia (Bajāyah). fol. 274b: Title: Algerian coastline from the port of Bejaia as far as Annaba with the city of Constantine Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian coastline from the port of Bejaia (Bajāyah) as far as Annaba (Balad alʿUnnāb) with the city of Constantine (Qūstantinīyah). fol. 276b: Title: Algerian and Tunisian coastline from Annaba to Tabarka Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian and Tunisian coastline from Annaba (Bilād al-ʿUnnāb) to Tabarka (Tabāraqah). fol. 277b: Title: Coastline of Tunisia with the ports of Bizerte and Tunis Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Tunisia with the ports of Bizerte (Binzert) and Tunis (Ṭūnūs). fol. 279b: Title: Tunisian coastline with the ports of Bizerte and Tunis as far as Kelibia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Tunisian coastline with the ports of Bizerte (Binzert) and Tunis (Ṭūnūs) as far as Kelibia (Qalabīyah). fol. 281b: Title: Tunisian coastline with the cities of Kelibia, Hammamet, Sousse, and Monastir Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the Strait of Gibraltar with the cities of Gibraltar (Jabal-i Fatḥ) and Ceuta (Sapte, Sabtah). fol. 264b: Title: Southern Spain and Morocco with the cities of Gibraltar, Ceuta, and Tetouan Form: Illustration Label: This map shows southern Spain and Morocco with the cities of Gibraltar (Jabal-i Fatḥ), Ceuta (Sapte, Sabtah), and Tetouan (Titwān). fol. 266a: Title: Moroccan coastline from the city of Tetouan west Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Moroccan coastline from the city of Tetouan (Titwān) west. fol. 267b: Title: Moroccan and Algerian coastline from Melilla northwest of Tlemcen Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Moroccan and Algerian coastline from Melilla (Malīlah) northwest of Tlemcen (Tilimsān). fol. 268b: Title: Algerian coastline around Oran and Mostaganem Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian coastline around Oran (Wahrān) and Mostaganem (Mustaghānīm). fol. 269b: Title: Algerian coastline around Mostaganem Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian coastline around Mostaganem. fol. 270b: Title: Algerian coastline around Algiers Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Algerian coastline around Algiers (Jazāʾir).

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Label: This map shows the French coastline from the Italian border as far as Nice (Nīse). fol. 250b: Title: French coastline from Nice as far as Toulon Form: Illustration fol. 253a: Title: French coastline around Marseille Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the French coastline around Marseille (Mārsilye). fol. 255a: Title: Coastline around Narbonne Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline around Narbonne (Nārbūnah). fol. 257b: Title: Coastline of Catalonia with the ports of Barcellona and Tarragona Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Catalonia with the ports of Barcellona (Bārselūniye) and Tarragona (Tūrratūnah). fol. 259b: Title: Coastline of Andalusia from Valencia to Cartagena Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Andalusia from Valencia (Valense) to Cartagena (Qarte Cine). fol. 261a: Title: Coastline of Andalusia with the city of Grenada Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of Andalusia with the city of Grenada (Gharnātah). fol. 263a: Title: Strait of Gibraltar with the cities of Gibraltar and Ceuta Form: Illustration

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fol. 234b: Title: Two islands off Majorca: Ibiza and Formentera Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two islands off Majorca: Ibiza (Yūse) and Formentera. fol. 236b: Title: Straits of Messina and the western Italian coastline Form: Illustration fol. 238b: Title: Western Italian coastline as far as Naples and the island of Ischia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western Italian coastline as far as Naples (Pūlye Anāpūlīsī) and the island of Ischia (Ișqe). fol. 240b: Title: Western Italian coastline as far as the city of Rome Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western Italian coastline as far as the city of Rome (Rūmah). fol. 244a: Title: Western Italian coastline as far as the city of Pisa Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western Italian coastline as far as the city of Pisa (Pīze). fol. 246a: Title: Western Italian coastline from Pisa to the French border, including the towns of Genoa and Savona Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western Italian coastline from Pisa to the French border, including the towns of Genoa (Jinūz) and Savona. fol. 248a: Title: French coastline from the Italian border as far as Nice Form: Illustration

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the northern coastline of Sicily (here called the island of Messina [Mesīne]) from Milazzo (Milasū) to Palermo. fol. 221a: Title: Island of Sicily Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Sicily (Çiçilye). fol. 222b: Title: Island of Malta Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Malta (Māltah). fol. 226a: Title: Two small islands off the coast of Sardinia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two small islands off the coast of Sardinia (Sardinye). fol. 226b: Title: Island of Sardinia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Sardinia (Sardinye). fol. 229a: Title: Island of Corsica Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Corsica (Qūrsūghah). fol. 230b: Title: Island of Minorca Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Minorca (Minārqū). fol. 233a: Title: Islands of Majorca and Minorca Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Majorca (Miyārqū) and Minorca (Minārqū).

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fol. 207b: Title: Towns of Gallipoli and Nardo on the Italian coast Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the towns of Gallipoli (Kelibūlī) and Nardo on the Italian coast. fol. 208a: Title: Coastlines and islands of the Adriatic Sea (given here as the Gulf of Venice) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastlines and islands of the Adriatic Sea (given here as the Gulf of Venice [Venedīk Kurfazi]). fol. 208b: Title: City of Taranto in the province of Puglia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the city of Taranto (Tarānde) in the province of Puglia (Pūlye) (Western Italian coast). fol. 210a: Title: Eastern coastline of Calabria around Rossano Form: Illustration fol. 211b: Title: Eastern coastline of Calabria with the towns of Crotone and Catanzaro Form: Illustration fol. 212b: Title: Calabrian coastline from Catanzaro to Siquillace Form: Illustration fol. 213b: Title: Southern part of the Calabrian peninsula and the straits of Messina Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the southern part of the Calabrian peninsula and the straits of Messina (Mesīne). fol. 220b: Title: Northern coastline of Sicily (here called the island of Messina) from Milazzo to Palermo

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fol. 198a: Title: Italian coastline between Termoli and Peschici Form: Illustration fol. 199a: Title: Italian coastline around Peschici north of Mafredonia Form: Illustration fol. 200a: Title: Italian coastline from Mafredonia as far as Barletta Form: Illustration fol. 201a: Title: Italian coastline from Barletta to Trani Form: Illustration fol. 202a: Title: Italian coastline from Trani as far as Molfetta Form: Illustration fol. 203a: Title: Town of Bari and surrounding area Form: Illustration fol. 204a: Title: Italian coastline around Monopoli south of Bari Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline around Monopoli (Mūnābūlū) south of Bari. fol. 205a: Title: Port of Brindisi Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the port of Brindisi (Parindīs). fol. 206b: Title: Italian coastline from Lecce to Gallipoli (toward the Gulf of Taranto) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline from Lecce (Laj) to Gallipoli (Kelibūlī) (toward the Gulf of Taranto).

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fol. 190a: Title: Italian coastline from Pesaro south Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline from Pesaro (Pāzarū) south. fol. 191a: Title: Town of Urbino and surrounding area Form: Illustration fol. 192a: Title: Fortress of Ancona and surrounding area Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the fortress of Ancona (Anqūnah) and the surrounding area. fol. 193a: Title: Fortresses and towns south of Ancona, including Loreto Form: Illustration fol. 194a: Title: Italian coastline south of Ancona including Tronto (?) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline south of Ancona including Tronto (Padārantū) (?). fol. 195a: Title: Italian coastline south of Ancona as far as the town of Pescara Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline south of Ancona as far as the town of Pescara (Beshāre). fol. 196a: Title: Town of Lanciano and surrounding fortresses Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the town of Lanciano (Lansāne) and the surrounding fortresses. fol. 197a: Title: Towns of Vasto and Termoli on the Italian coast Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the coastline from Muggia (Milje, Mūye) to Trieste (Rishtī). fol. 182b: Title: Fortress of Trieste Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the fortress of Trieste (Rishtī). fol. 183b: Title: Coastline from Marano to Caorle in the province of Venice Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Marano (Mūrān) to Caorle (Qāvarlī) in the province of Venice. fol. 185b: Title: Eastern part of the city of Venice Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern part of the city of Venice (Venedīk). fol. 186a: Title: Western part of the city of Venice Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western part of the city of Venice (Venedīk). fol. 187a: Title: The city of Ferrara with the six rivers flowing into the Gulf of Venice Form: Illustration fol. 188a: Title: Italian coastline with the cities of Ravenna and Cesena Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Italian coastline with the cities of Ravenna (Ruvenne) and Cesena (Sazīne). fol. 189a: Title: Italian coastline from Rimini south towards Pesaro Form: Illustration

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Rovinj as far as the fortress of Poreč (Parenzo, Brānse). fol. 175b: Title: Coastline from Poreč as far as Novi Grad Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Poreč (Parenzo, Brānse) as far as Novi Grad. fol. 176b: Title: Coastline from Novi Grad as far as Umag Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Novi Grad as far as Umag (Umago, Ūmāghū). fol. 177b: Title: Coastline from Umag as far as Piran Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Umag (Umago, Ūmāghū) as far as Piran (Pirānū). fol. 178b: Title: Coastline from Piran as far as Izola Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Piran (Pirānū) as far as Izola (Īzele). fol. 179b: Title: Coastline from Izola as far as Koper Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Izola (Īzele) as far as Koper (Capodistria, Dishtriye). fol. 180b: Title: Coastline between the cities of Koper and Muggia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline between the cities of Koper (Capodistria, Dishtriye) and Muggia (Milje, Mūye). fol. 181b: Title: Coastline from Muggia to Trieste Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the islands of Pag (Pāghū) and Rab (Arbe). fol. 166a: Title: Island of Krk Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Krk (Veglia, Vake Venedīk). fol. 168a: Title: Islands of Cres, Lošinj, and Unije Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Cres (Cherso, Qārsū), Lošinj (Feghāle), and Unije. fol. 169a: Title: Island of Unije south of the island of Lošinj Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Unije (Uniye) south of the island of Lošinj (Feghāle). fol. 170a: Title: Coastline north of the Medulin fortress Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline north of the Medulin fortress. fol. 171a: Title: Coastline from Medulin as far as Pula Form: Illustration fol. 172b: Title: Coastline from Pula to Rovinj Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline from Pula to Rovinj (Rūvinye). fol. 173b: Title: Coastline from Rovinj north Form: Illustration fol. 174b: Title: Coastline from Rovinj as far as the fortress of Poreč

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows a group of islands north of Korčula (Qūrsūlah), probably Hvar and Brač. fol. 158a: Title: Coastline and islands between Šibenik and Zadar Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline and islands between Šibenik and Zadar (Zādare). fol. 160a: Title: Coastline and islands off Zadar Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline and islands off Zadar (Zādare). fol. 161a: Title: Small islands northwest of the island of Pag Form: Illustration Label: This map shows small islands northwest of the island of Pag. fol. 162a: Title: Two as yet unidentified islands in the vicinity of the island of Pag Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two as yet unidentified islands in the vicinity of the island of Pag. fol. 163a: Title: Island of Rab Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Rab (Arbe). fol. 164a: Title: Island of Premuda west of the island of Pag Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Premuda (Premūde Venedīk) west of the island of Pag. fol. 165a: Title: Islands of Pag and Rab Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the Adriatic coastline around Karaburun and Vlora (Valona). fol. 148b: Title: Adriatic coastline from Drač north of Karaburun as far as Budva Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Adriatic coastline from Drač (Durezzo, Trāj) north of Karaburun as far as Budva. fol. 150a: Title: Adriatic coastline from Budva to Dubrovnik Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Adriatic coastline from Budva to Dubrovnik (Dūbre Venedīk). fol. 151b: Title: Adriatic coastline north from Dubrovnik Form: Illustration fol. 153a: Title: Island of Mljet off Dubrovnik Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Mljet (Mīlede) off Dubrovnik. fol. 154b: Title: Dalmatian islands of Korčula and Lastovo off the coast between Dubrovnik and Split Form: Illustration Label: This shows the Dalmatian islands of Korčula (Qūrsūlah) and Lastovo (Augusta) off the coast between Dubrovnik and Split. fol. 155b: Title: Two unnamed islands between Dubrovnik and Split Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two unnamed islands between Dubrovnik and Split. fol. 157a: Title: Group of islands north of Korčula, probably Hvar and Brač

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fol. 136b: Title: Western part of the Peloponnese peninsula opposite the island of Zakynthos (Zante, Zākīse) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula opposite the island of Zakynthos (Zante, Zākīse). fol. 137a: Title: Bay of Corinth Form: Illustration fol. 139a: Title: Islands of Kefalonia, Ithaca, and Aya Mavra off the western coast of Greece Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Kefalonia (Kefallinia, Kafālūnye), Ithaca (Ithaki, Seyākī), and Aya Mavra off the western coast of Greece. fol. 141a: Title: Western coast of Greece from the island of Levcas going north as far as the island of Paxi Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the western coast of Greece from the island of Levcas (Lefkada, Leucas, Santa Maura) going north as far as the island of Paxi (Paxoi). fol. 142b: Title: Area between the islands of Corfu and Paxi Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the area between the islands of Corfu (Kerkira, Kūrfūz) and Paxi (Paxoi). fol. 145b: Title: Islands of Corfu and Paxi Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Corfu (Kerkira, Kūrfūz) and Paxi (Paxoi). fol. 147a: Title: Adriatic coastline around Karaburun and Vlora Form: Illustration

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Label: This map shows the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula with the island of Kythira (Cerigo, Ҫoke) and the Bay of Lakonikos. fol. 129a: Title: Bay of Messiniakos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Messiniakos (Messini). fol. 129b: Title: Cyclades islands between the Peloponnese peninsula and Crete Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Cyclades (Kikladhes) islands between the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula and Crete. fol. 130a: Title: Islands of Zakynthos, Kefalonia, and Lefkada in the Ionian Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Zakynthos (Zākīse), Kefalonia (Kefallinia, Kafālūnye), and Lefkada (Levkas, Leucas, Lefqe) in the Ionian Sea. fol. 130b: Title: Methana (Mutūn) fortress in the Bay of Saronikos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Methana (Mutūn) fortress in the Bay of Saronikos (Aiyina). fol. 133a: Title: Bay of Saronikos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Saronikos (Aiyina). fol. 134a: Title: Eastern part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the eastern part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula.

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Form: Illustration fol. 117a: Title: Island of Tinos in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Tinos (陌stendil) in the Aegean Sea. fol. 118b: Title: Island of Andros in the northern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Andros (Andre, Andra) in the northern Aegean Sea. fol. 121a: Title: Bay of Saronikos with the city of Athens Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Saronikos (Atene) with the city of Athens. fol. 122b: Title: Bay of Argolikos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Argolikos (Anaboli). fol. 123b: Title: Bay of Argolikos and the Peloponnese peninsula Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Argolikos (Anaboli) and the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula. fol. 124b: Title: Stretch of water between the Peloponnese peninsula and the island of Crete with the island of Kythira Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the stretch of water between the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula and the island of Crete with the island of Kythira (Cerigo, 要oka). fol. 127b: Title: Peloponnese peninsula with the island of Kythira and the Bay of Lakonikos Form: Illustration

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two small islands between Amorgos (Yamurgi) and Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 108b: Title: Island of Amorgos in the southeastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Amorgos (Yamurgi, Yamorki) in the southeastern Aegean Sea. fol. 109b: Title: Small islands in the region of Naxos and Amorgos in the southeastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows small islands in the region of Naxos (Naḳşe) and Amorgos (Yamurgi) in the southeastern Aegean Sea. fol. 110b: Title: Island of Naxos in the southeastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Naxos (Naḳşe) in the southeastern Aegean Sea. fol. 112b: Title: Island of Paros in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Paros (Pare) in the Aegean Sea. fol. 113b: Title: Island of Syros in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Syros (Sire) in the Aegean Sea. fol. 115a: Title: Islands of Delos and Rineia west of Mykonos in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration fol. 116a: Title: Island of Mykonos in the Aegean Sea

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Label: This map shows the northeastern tip of the island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rūdūs) facing the Anatolian coast with the island of Syme (Sömbeki). fol. 101a: Title: Islands of the Aegean Sea including Chios, Cos, Rhodes, and Crete Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of the Aegean Sea including Chios (Sakiz), Cos (Stancho, İstanköy), Rhodes (Rodos), and Crete. fol. 103a: Title: Island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rudūs) Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rudūs). fol. 104a: Title: Island of Chalkis off the island of Rhodes Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Chalkis (Herke) off the island of Rhodes. fol. 105b: Title: Island of Telos north of the island of Chalkis in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Telos (Episkopi, İlyaki) north of the island of Chalkis (Herke) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 106b: Title: Island of Nisyros south of the island of Cos in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Nisyros (Inǧirlü) south of the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 107b: Title: Two small islands between Amorgos and Cos in the eastern Aegean Sea

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Label: This map shows the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) facing the Anatolian mainland. fol. 90b: Title: Anatolian coastline and the small island of Kara east of the town of Balat Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline and the small island of Kara (Qarah) east of the town of Balat. fol. 92a: Title: Anatolian coastline along the Bay of Kerme Form: Illustration fol. 93b: Title: Anatolian coastline facing the island of Cos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy). fol. 95a: Title: Island of Cos off the Anatolian coast in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) off the Anatolian coast in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 97b: Title: Bay of Kerme east of the island of Cos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Kerme east of the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy). fol. 99a: Title: Island of Syme northwest of the island of Rhodes Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Syme (Sömbeki) northwest of the island of Rhodes (Rodos). fol. 100b: Title: Northeastern tip of the island of Rhodes facing the Anatolian coast with the island of Syme Form: Illustration

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Form: Illustration Label: This map shows several islands of the eastern Aegean Sea including Leros (Līrūs) and Patmos (Bāṭnūz). fol. 82b: Title: Area between the islands of Ikaria and Samos in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the area between the islands of Ikaria (Ahikere) and Samos (Ṣūṣām) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 83b: Title: Island of Ikaria in the eastern Aegean Sea west of Samos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Ikaria (Ahikere) in the eastern Aegean Sea west of Samos (Ṣūṣām). fol. 84b: Title: Island of Patmos southeast of Ikaria in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Patmos (Bāṭnūz) southeast of Ikaria (Ahikere) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 86a: Title: Island of Leros in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Leros (Līryūs) in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 88a: Title: Island of Kalimnos south of Leros in the eastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Kalimnos (Kalimaz) south of Leros in the eastern Aegean Sea. fol. 89a: Title: Island of Cos facing the Anatolian mainland Form: Illustration

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fol. 73a: Title: Detail of the island of Chios with its fortress and other topographical features Form: Illustration Label: This map shows a detail of the island of Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz) with its fortress and other topographical features. fol. 74a: Title: Island of Psara west of Chios Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Psara (İpṣara) west of Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz). fol. 75b: Title: Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām). fol. 77a: Title: Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām). fol. 79b: Title: Island of Samos Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām). fol. 80b: Title: Two small islands off the coast of Anatolia south of Samos and east of the city of Balat on the Anatolian side Form: Illustration Label: This map shows two small islands off the coast of Anatolia south of Samos (Ṣūṣām) and east of the city of Balat on the Anatolian side. fol. 81b: Title: Several islands of the eastern Aegean Sea including Leros and Patmos

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Label: This map shows the island of Midilli (Midillü, Mitylene, Lesvos) in the northeastern Aegean Sea. fol. 62b: Title: Sea of Marmara and the islands of the eastern Aegean Sea from Semendrek as far as Chios Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the sea of Marmara and the islands of the eastern Aegean Sea from Semendrek (Samothraki) as far as Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz). fol. 63a: Title: Coastline of the western Aegean Sea as far south as the Island of Euboea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the coastline of the western Aegean Sea as far south as the Island of Euboea (Evvoia, Aghrībūz, Eğriboz). fol. 63b: Title: Eastern Mediterranean, the Aegean, and the Black Sea Form: Illustration fol. 64a: Title: Western Europe and North Africa Form: Illustration fol. 68b: Title: Anatolian coastline around the Bay of Izmir with two Izmir fortresses Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Anatolian coastline around the Bay of Izmir (Smyrna) with two Izmir fortresses. fol. 70a: Title: Island of Chios facing Kysos fortress on the Anatolian side Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Chios (Sakiz, Sāqiz) facing Kysos (Çeşme) fortress on the Anatolian side.

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fol. 45b: Title: Part of the European coastline with the islands of Semendrek and Imroz in the Aegean Sea further south Form: Illustration Label: This map shows part of the European coastline with the islands of Semendrek (Samothraki) and Imroz (Imbros, Gökçeada) in the Aegean Sea further south. fol. 47a: Title: Island of Lemnos, southwest of Imbroz in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Lemnos (Limnos, Limni, Īlmelī), southwest of Imbroz in the Aegean Sea. fol. 49a: Title: Area west of the island of Thasos and the Ayion Oros peninsula Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the area west of the island of Thasos (Taşöz) and the Ayion Oros peninsula. fol. 51a: Title: Bay of Salonica Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Salonica (Selānīk, Thessaloniki). fol. 52b: Title: Bay of Salonica and the western coastline Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the Bay of Salonica (Selānīk, Thessalonici) and the western coastline. fol. 56a: Title: Islands of Skyros and Euboea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Skyros (İskire) and Euboea (Evvoia, Aghrībūz, Eğriboz). fol. 62a: Title: Island of Midilli in the northeastern Aegean Sea Form: Illustration

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Form: Incipit; headpiece fol. 23b: Title: Oval map of the world with the Pacific Ocean in the center Form: Illustration fol. 24b: Title: Western hemisphere within a wind rose with the Atlantic Ocean in the center Form: Illustration fol. 39b: Title: Upper Aegean Sea with the islands of Imbros and Bozca Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the upper Aegean Sea with the islands of Imbros (Imroz, Gรถkรงeada) and Bozca (Tenedos). fol. 40b: Title: World map in a double hemisphere Form: Illustration fol. 41a: Title: Oval world map with the Atlantic Ocean in the center Form: Illustration fol. 43a: Title: Island of Bozjah off the coast of Anatolia Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the island of Bozjah (Tenedos) off the coast of Anatolia. fol. 44b: Title: Islands of Semendrek and Imroz in the Aegean Sea Form: Illustration Label: This map shows the islands of Semendrek (Samothraki) and Imroz (Imbros) in the Aegean Sea.

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Form

Book

Genre

Scientific

Language

The primary language in this manuscript is Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928).

Support material

Paper European laid paper, watermarked with lion courrant C (fol. 375) and trefoil with the letters P A (fol. 5)

Extent

Foliation: ii+378+ii Original foliation of 361 folios, inscribed in the middle on the left side of the frame, shaved on the final few folios; marbled paper used for the first set of mounted flyleaves; contains a number of blank folios (fols. 24a, 31a, 31b, 40a, 370bisa-b, 373b, 374b, and 375a-b), most likely intended for charts

Collation

Catchwords: Written obliquely outside the frame on versos

Dimensions

24.0 cm wide by 34.0 cm high

Written surface

13.5 cm wide by 23.5 cm high

Layout

Columns: 1 Ruled lines: 19 Prose text arranged in one column, verses in two columns

Contents

fols. 1b - 378a: Title: KitÄ b-i baḼriye Incipit: Text note: Main text preceded by a table of contents (fihrist) (fols. 1b-3b) Hand note: Written in clear, vocalized naskh script, mostly in black, with rubricated chapter headings Decoration note: Two hundred thirty-nine color maps and charts; illuminated headpiece; frame decorated in gold and colors

Decoration

fol. 4b: Title: Incipit page with illuminated headpiece

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Shelf mark

Walters Art Museum Ms. W.658

Descriptive Title

Book on navigation

Text title

Kitāb-i baḥriye Vernacular: Note: Title inscribed by a later owner on fol. 1a as Pūrṭālāni kabīr; wrongly identified on the tail edge as Jahān-numā (with old shelf mark 2004)

Author

Authority name: Pirî Reis, d. 1554? As-written name: Pīrī Reʾīs bin Ḥājī Muḥammed Name, in vernacular: ‫دمحم يجاح نب سيئر يريپ‬ Note: Author's name given on fol. 376b as Raʾīs al-Baḥr Pīrī ibn Muḥammad; author dates preferred by cataloger: d. 962 AH / 1555 CE

Abstract

Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I (the Magnificent), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late eleventh century AH / seventeenth CE, is based on the later expanded version and has some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map with the outline of the Americas (fol. 41a) and maps of coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas); islands; mountains; and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with a description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula, and the eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the Caspian Sea (fol. 374a).

Date

Late 11th century AH / 17th CE -- early 12th century AH / 18th CE

Origin

Turkey

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This document is a digital facsimile of selections from a manuscript belonging to the Walters Art Museum, in Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. It is one of a number of manuscripts that have been digitized as part of a project generously funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and by an anonymous donor to the Walters Art Museum. More details about the manuscripts at the Walters can be found by visiting The Walters Art Museum's website www.thewalters.org. For further information about this book, and online resources for Walters manuscripts, please contact us through the Walters Website by email, and ask for your message to be directed to the Department of Manuscripts.


A digital facsimile of selections fromWalters Ms. W.658, Book on navigation Title: KitÄ b-i baḼriye

Published by: The Walters Art Museum 600 N. Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21201 http://www.thewalters.org/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode Published 2011


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