Rice farming march 2018 rice advice by One Grower Publishing

Doing Homework Aids Weed Plans Justin Olenski Growers Ag Service Tudor, California in 2017, Northern California Despite an an unusually unusuallywet wetspring spring, most most Northern California rice rice producers to get fields planted time, thanks producers werewere still still ableable to get theirtheir fields planted on on time, thanks to to larger equipment thatcan cancover covermore moreacres acresthan thandecades decades ago. ago. That larger equipment that allowing ground to doesn’t mean mean that thatthey theydidn’t didn’tcut cutcorners, corners,like likenot not allowing ground fully drydry out.out. As As a result, weeds in many cases got agot head start.start to fully a result, weeds in many cases a head Many growers still subscribe to the belief that herbicides should be applied so many days after seeding. In most cases, applications should be based on the weed and/or rice plant growth stage for best results. somethingisistypically typicallya two-leaf a two-leaf application, it may not “If something ricerice application, it may not haphappen in five it should,” Olenski “Sometimes it’s cold pen in five daysdays like like it should,” Olenski says.says. “Sometimes it’s cold and and sometimes it takes an extra three or four days. I keep in consometimes it takes an extra three or four days. So So I keep in contact tact with my growers andthem tell what them I'm what I’m seeing out Ithere. I givea with my growers and tell seeing out there. give them them aupheads up Iofexpect whenthe I expect be atand thisthis stage and heads of when plant tothe beplant at thistostage is when is when wemake will have to make the herbicide application.” Ithis think we willI think have to the herbicide application.” effective modes of acManaging herbicide herbicideresistance resistanceand androtating rotating effective modes of tion continue to be MostMost of theofmain rice weeds are resisaction continue to abechallenge. a challenge. the main rice weeds are tant to at least ingredient, and many resistant to two or resistant to at one leastactive one active ingredient, and are many are resistant to more. those, smallflower umbrellaumbrella sedge and ricefield two orOf more. Ofwatergrass, those, watergrass, smallflower sedge and bulrush are the main that ones plague theplague growers serves. ricefield bulrush are ones the main that theOlenski growers Olenski Before drafting an herbicide program for the coming season, he serves. reviews field an histories forprogram herbicideforresistance. Beforepast drafting herbicide the comingOlenski season,also he takes advantage of ahistories weed testing service offered free byOlenski the Univerreviews past field for herbicide resistance. also sity ofadvantage California,ofDavis. andservice growers can send in the seed from takes a weedPCAs testing offered free by Univerweeds herbicides didn’t control the previous season. sity of that California, Davis. PCAs and growers can send in seed from University researchers grow out the previous seeds and apply all of the weeds that herbicides didn’t control season. registered active ingredients, rating efficacy. University researchers grow out their the seeds andThey applythen all return of the a report showing what herbicides and what didn’t speregistered active ingredients, ratingworked their efficacy. They thenonreturn weeds. acific report showing what herbicides worked and what didn’t on speUsing that information, Olenski then develops weed-management cific weeds. plans typically on a field-by-field Using that information, Olenskibasis. then develops weed-management Withtypically the increasing number of herbicide-resistant weeds, growers plans on a field-by-field basis. areWith nowthe having to make an average of three herbicide applications increasing number of herbicide-resistant weeds, growers during seasontocompared one before resistance wasapplications a problem. are nowthehaving make an to average of three herbicide “A lottheofseason the ricecompared that I consult is rotated out ofwas rice,” Olenski during to oneon before resistance a problem. says. “Onofthe rotatedonout rice every years, we “A lot thefields rice that get I consult is of rotated out ofthree rice,” Olenski still can herbicide in years, the fields says. “Onget theaway fieldswith thattwo get rotated outapplications. of rice everyBut three we that can are consistently farmed in rice, I applications. would say we’re tostill get away with two herbicide But trending in the fields wardare three, sometimes even in four, herbicide Some tointhat consistently farmed rice, I would applications. say we’re trending volve three, tankmixes.” ward sometimes even four, herbicide applications. Some involve tankmixes.”

Aerial Application Is Preferred Aerial is preferred Givenapplication an option, most growers prefer aerial applications. Clinch-

an season option, grass most growers aerial applications. Clincher,Given an early herbicide,prefer can be flown onto fields with as

Bornand andraised raisedonona aNorthern NorthernCalifornia Californiafamily familyrice ricefarm farm • B• orn B.S.,crop cropscience, science,Cal CalPoly, Poly,San SanLuis LuisObispo, Obispo,2000 2000 • B• .S., • Member theCalifornia CaliforniaAssociation AssociationofofPest PestControl Control • M ember ofofthe Advisers(CAPCA) (CAPCA) Advisers • as Hasconsulted consultedforfor1818years yearsononrice, rice,tomatoes, tomatoes,sunflowers sunflowersseed • H seedand crops tree crops crops treeand crops Liveswith withhis hisfamily familyininYuba YubaCity, City,California. California.Married Marriedtotowife wife • L• ives BrookeTwo withkids: whom he has Camille, daughter12, Camille, 12,Dylan, and son Brooke. daughter and son 9 Dylan, 9 • Enjoys hunting, fishing and kids’ sports • Enjoys hunting, fishing and kids’ sports.

er, an early season rice grasswhen herbicide, can is beturned flown onto as young as first-leaf the water off. Itfields also with can be young aswith first-leaf rice rig when the the water is turned off.orIt as alsoa can be applied a ground when water is pulled rescue applied with ground rig later wheninthe is pulled or as a rescue treatment for asprangletop thewater season. treatment for sprangletop later in offers the season. As a granular, Granite GR also flexibility close to sensitive As aFlown granular, GR alsoon offers flexibility close to sensitive crops. intoGranite the floodwater 3 to 3.5-leaf rice, it helps control crops. Flownand intobroadleaf the floodwater watergrass weeds.on 3 to 3.5-leaf rice, it helps control watergrass anda broadleaf weeds. has a wide application window Granite SC, liquid formulation, SC,bea used liquidwhen formulation, has a wide application window butGranite needs to weeds are smaller. butOlenski needs to be recommends used when weeds are smaller. also Grandstand as part of a tankmix with OlenskiRegiment also recommends as part of a tankmix with propanil, or anotherGrandstand second foliar herbicide. It is strong propanil, Regiment or another second foliar herbicide. It is strong on redstem or redberry. onWater redstem or redberry.goes hand in hand with herbicides in an intemanagement Water management goes hand in hand with herbicides in an integrated weed control program. grated weedirrigator control program. “A good will make a good herbicide look great, and a good irrigator will makeherbicide a good herbicide look Olenski great, and bad“Airrigator will make a great look horrible,” says.a bad irrigator will makeisakey great look horrible,” Olenski “Water management to herbicide making herbicides effective. It’ssays. very “Water management is key to making herbicides effective. It’s very important.” important.” Part of his job is to work with growers ensure water levels are his jobheight is to work with during growersand ensure water levels are at the at Part the of proper before, after herbicide applicaproper Too height before, during andwater after herbicide applications. Toomean little tions. little or too much at the wrong time can or too much water at the wrong can meanorless-than-optimum less-than-optimum results from time phytotoxicity too dilute an herresultsconcentration. from phytotoxicity or too dilute an herbicide concentration. bicide

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Seeing Loyant Work Is Believing Hunter and Drew Carter Carter Brothers Partnership Stuttgart, Arkansas After hearing good things about Loyant herbicide, Hunter Carter — who farms with his brother, Drew, — was able to see firsthand how it performed on their own operation last season. The Carters were part of a handful of producers who participated in the Field Forward Program and experienced Loyant herbicide before it was registered. And the Carters liked what they saw. “It worked wonderfully. It did everything we’d heard it could do,” Hunter says. “It provided complete control of all the grasses and the sedges that were present in the field.”

A Typical Weed Program Most of their ground is zero-graded, and the Carters use either no-till or minimum till to avoid disturbing the seedbed. “Our goal is to decrease tillage in order to control weed pressure,” Hunter says. A typical herbicide program involves spraying Command and Sharpen — and glyphosate if needed — shortly after planting. About two weeks later, they return with an application of RiceBeaux and pendimethalin, depending on the weather. The third application comes after another couple of weeks and involves a Regiment-Facet tankmix preflood. A permenent flood is applied and held until the fields are ready to drain for harvest.

Low Use Rates Their 5-acre Loyant test field received a burndown using glyphosate and Command followed by an application of RiceBeaux. At the four- to five-leaf stage, they followed with a tankmix of pendimethalin for residual activity and Loyant. The pendimethalin recommendation came from his brother, Grant, who walks all of the brothers’ fields and manages the Helena dealership in Stuttgart. The results were “excellent” weed control, including resistant barnyardgrass and flatsedge, Hunter says. What appeals to him is Loyant’s broad-spectrum activity. “I spray everything myself,” he says. “Just from the mixing side, it’s easier. With Loyant, it’s one chemical instead of putting two to three together to kill one thing. So that’s one of the big things for me is just the ease of mixing and not having to have nearly as much product.”

Hunter (left) and Drew Carter of Carter Brothers Partnership • Third-generation farmers • Farm about 5,000 acres as Carter Brothers Partnership • Farms are near Wabbaseka and Humprey, Arkansas • Grow about 50 percent rice, 25 percent soybeans and 25 percent corn • Drew received a B.S. in crop science from the University of Arkansas in 2008 • Hunter and Drew are members of the Arkansas Farm Bureau and Producers Rice Mill • Hunter married Leah Carter in 2005. Two kids: daughter Camille, 4, and son Finley, 8 • Both brothers like to hunt and play golf

Recap: Seeing Loyant Work is Believing

1. The Carters were part of a handful of producers who participated in the Field Forward Program and experienced Loyant herbicide before it was registered. 2. Loyant provided complete control of all the grasses and the sedges that were present in the field. 3. Just from the mixing side, it’s easier. With Loyant, it’s one chemical instead of putting two to three together to kill one thing. 4. The results were “excellent” weed control, including resistant barnyardgrass and flatsedge.