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iÃÃ>}iÊvÀ ÊÌ iÊ i>`Ê vÊ Ì iÊ"- Ê i ÌÀiÊ Ê Ã i 4HIS ISSUE OF THE /3#% -AGAZINE FEATURES SOME OF THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO ARE PLAYING A DYNAMIC PART IN THE GROUND BREAKING 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME IN +YRGYZSTAN A lRST IN #ENTRAL !SIA AND ALSO THE /RGANIZATION S LARGEST ACTIVITY OF ITS KIND )T HAS BEEN A TREMENDOUS CHALLENGE TO BRING TOGETHER THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF ALL THOSE WITH A STAKE IN THE PROGRAMME S SUCCESS NATIONAL LEADERS LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND /3#% EXPERTS (OWEVER ) BELIEVE THAT MONTHS INTO THE PROGRAMME S IMPLEMENTA TION WE HAVE MADE SIGNIlCANT STRIDES TOWARD BUILDING A WORKING RELATIONSHIP BASED ON TRUST &OR ALL OF US CLOSELY INVOLVED IN THE 0ROGRAMME IT HAS BEEN EXTREMELY REWARDING TO BE PART OF BRINGING ABOUT IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE HISTORY OF +YRGYZSTAN S POLICING WHETHER IT WAS LAUNCHING THE WORK OF THE lRST #OMMUNITY 0OLICE OFlCERS OR INAUGURATING ONE OF SEVERAL SPECIALIZED TRAINING CENTRES AT THE 0OLICE !CADEMY OR HOLDING OPEN DISCUSSIONS WITH THE MEDIA AND THE PUBLIC ON THE lNDINGS OF AN OPINION POLL /NE SUCH HIGHLIGHT TOOK PLACE IN 3EPTEMBER WHEN A mEET OF NEW POLICE VEHICLES ROLLED ONTO THE CAPITAL S !LA TOO #ENTRAL 3QUARE &OR MOST PEOPLE A VEHICLE IS SIMPLY JUST THAT A MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION "UT FOR +YRGYZSTAN S POLICE WHO HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO UPGRADE THEIR TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SINCE THE EARLY S THE FOUR WHEEL DRIVE CARS AND VANS ALONG WITH A RICHER RANGE OF TRAINING COURSES REPRESENT A QUANTUM LEAP INTO THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC POLICING 7HERE DOES THE 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME GO FROM HERE )TS CONTINUATION WOULD MAKE GOOD SENSE ONLY WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF A WELL THOUGHT OUT CONCEPT FOR COMPREHEN SIVE POLICE REFORM AGREED ON BY THE 'OVERNMENT THE PO LICE AND CIVIL SOCIETY ) BELIEVE THAT DURING THE PAST SEVERAL MONTHS WE HAVE MADE A GREAT DEAL OF PROGRESS IN CRYSTAL LIZING SUCH A CONCEPT WHICH ALSO IDENTIlES THE /3#% S PRECISE ROLE 4HE NEWLY REVITALIZED 3TATE #OMMISSION ON 0OLICE 2EFORMS IS EXPECTED TO BE AT THE CENTRE OF EFFORTS TO EXAM INE POLICING IN A MULTI ETHNIC SOCIETY TO AMEND THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE LAW ENFORCEMENT SECTOR AND TO INTRODUCE OTHER BASIC FEATURES THAT WILL PROTECT PEOPLE FROM OLD AND NEW SECURITY RISKS WHILE SAFEGUARDING THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS /NE THING IS CLEAR 3USTAINED SUPPORT FROM THE /3#% S PARTICIPATING 3TATES WILL BE ESSENTIAL TO ENSURING THAT +YRGYZSTAN IS ABLE TO CONTINUE WHAT IT HAS STARTED -ARKUS -àLLER "ISHKEK /CTOBER
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(OW WILL GOOD POLICING IN +YRGYZSTAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE COUNTRY S AND TO THE REGION S SECURITY 0OLICING EVERYWHERE IS CRUCIAL CRUCIAL TO POLITICAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOP MENT 7E KNOW THAT MANY COUNTRIES ALL OVER THE WORLD ARE OVERWHELMED BY THE EXTENT OF WRONG DOING AND CRIMINALITY WHICH IS DRAINING THEM OF VAST HUMAN AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES )F WE DON T HAVE THE RULE OF LAW IT S VERY DIFFICULT TO KNOW HOW ON EARTH SOCI
ETIES WILL THRIVE )T S ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL THAT POLICE OFFICERS UNDERSTAND THAT THEY HAVE A VERY SPECIAL PLACE IN SOCIETY (OW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE +YRGYZSTAN S CONCEPT OF POLICING !T THE MOMENT THE 'OVERNMENT AND THE )NTERIOR -INISTRY NEED TO CREATE A VISION FOR THE COUNTRY S POLICING AND THE /3#% IS TRY ING TO HELP THEM DO EXACTLY THAT 4HE 3TATE IS BARELY YEARS OLD AND IS STILL IN THE PROC ESS OF ESTABLISHING A UNIQUELY +YRGYZ IDEN TITY )T S IMPORTANT THAT THE VALUES AND PRIN CIPLES THAT THE POLICE FORCE COMMITS ITSELF TO REFLECT THAT IDENTITY 7HY DID THE /3#% CHOOSE +YRGYZSTAN AS THE FIRST COUNTRY IN #ENTRAL !SIA TO RECEIVE POLICING ASSIS TANCE 7HAT IMPRESSED ME MOST ON MY VERY FIRST VISIT WAS THE WILLINGNESS OF THE 'OVERNMENT PARTICULARLY THE -INISTRY OF THE )NTERIOR TO LEARN MORE ABOUT POLICING IN OTHER COUNTRIES !T THE 0OLICE !CADEMY WE FOUND TREMEN DOUSLY ENTHUSIASTIC OFFICERS AND TRAINERS BUT THEIR TEACHING MATERIALS BELONGED TO THE PAST AND THE CONDITIONS THEY WERE WORKING
/CTOBER
IN WERE ABSOLUTELY DREADFUL )T WAS THEIR ENERGY AND THEIR DETERMINATION TO CARRY ON AND THEIR EAGERNESS AND HUNGER FOR PROFES SIONAL DEVELOPMENT THAT CONVINCED US THAT +YRGYZSTAN WAS RIPE FOR ASSISTANCE AND THAT A PROGRAMME THERE MIGHT WELL SERVE AS A MODEL FOR OTHER STATES IN #ENTRAL !SIA TO FOL LOW 7HAT PRECISELY IS THE 0OLICE !CADEMY S ROLE IN BRINGING ABOUT MORE EFFECTIVE POLICING 4HERE S A GLOBAL CULTURE IN POLICING AND IT IS A CULTURE OF SERVICE )T S THE !CADEMY THAT IS SUPPOSED TO SHAPE THAT ATTITUDE WHICH IS WHY THE ASSISTANCE WE HAVE BEEN PROVIDING FOR MORE THAN A YEAR NOW ˆ FOR INSTANCE TRAINING IN FORENSICS WORK IN THE PROPER METHODS OF MAINTAINING PUBLIC ORDER AND IN LOCAL NEEDS POLICING ˆ IS SO VITAL /NE OF THE SPECIAL PRIVILEGES ) HAD EARLIER TODAY WAS VIEWING THE PASSING OUT PARADE OF THE !CADEMY S CADETS 4HE !CADEMY HAS ABOUT A THOUSAND YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE FIVE YEAR POLICE PROGRAMME IN ANY ONE YEAR 7ATCHING THE NEW GRADUATES ˆ ALMOST OF THEM ˆ YOU UNDERSTAND THE !CADEMY S SIGNIFICANCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THESE OFFICERS OF THE FUTURE !ND SEEING THE TURN OUT OF HUNDREDS AND HUNDREDS OF FAMILIES ˆ FROM EXCITED GRANDPARENTS TO LITTLE BABIES DRESSED UP FOR THE OCCASION ˆ YOU ALSO REALIZE HOW MUCH THE OFFICERS NEED THE SUPPORT OF THE PEOPLE THEY REPRESENT AND SERVE !RE THE INITIAL ACTIVITIES ALREADY PRODUCING RESULTS ) THINK 'ENERAL "EKSULTAN )SHIMOV WHO HEADS THE !CADEMY SHOULD ANSWER THAT QUESTION FOR ME !T THE MOMENT HE WOULD PROBABLY AGREE WITH ME WHEN ) SAY THAT HE WOULD WANT TO DO SO MUCH MORE +YRGYZSTAN S POLICE OFFICERS SIMPLY HAVE AN ENORMOUS BURDEN AND RESPONSIBILITY ON THEIR SHOULDERS 4HEY WOULD LIKE TO JOIN THE MOD ERN WORLD OF PROFESSIONAL DEMOCRATIC POLIC ING BUT THERE IS A LONG WAY TO GO BEFORE THEY CAN BE SUFFICIENTLY EQUIPPED WITH BOTH hHARDv AND hSOFTv SKILLS THROUGH UPGRADED EQUIPMENT AND TRAINING IN NEW STANDARDS AND NEW ATTITUDES 7E RE A LONG WAY FROM FINISHING WHAT WE LAUNCHED BUT ) THINK WE RE GOING THE RIGHT WAY IN BUILDING LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO OPERATION 7E CAN EXPECT OUR EFFORTS TO START SHOWING SOME RESULTS IN ABOUT TWO TO THREE YEARS TIME 4HE IMPORTANT THING IS THAT WE WERE ABLE TO GET STARTED WITH FAIRLY MODEST FINANCIAL MEANS 7E ARE ACTUALLY IN THE BUSI NESS OF hPUMP PRIMINGv THE PROCESS AND WE HOPE THAT ˆ AS MORE AND MORE COUNTRIES SEE WHAT WE RE DOING HOW WE RE DOING IT AND WHAT GOOD VALUE PROFESSIONAL POLICE
/CTOBER
0ASSION FOR POLICING IS BEHIND 2ICHARD -ONK S h#UP FOR %NDEAVOURv h)T GIVES ME PRIDE AND PERSONAL PLEASURE TO PRESENT THE #UP FOR %NDEAVOUR FOR THE FIRST TIME TO -EDERBEK -URATOV v 2ICHARD -ONK ANNOUNCED AT THE END OF HIS ADDRESS TO THE +YRGYZSTAN 0OLICE !CADEMY S NEW GRADUATES ON *UNE -R -ONK WAS CONFERRED THE TITLE OF 0ROFESSOR %MERITUS BY !CADEMY OFFICIALS LAST YEAR h"ECAUSE ) CARE PASSIONATELY ABOUT PROFESSIONAL POLICING ) HAVE COM MISSIONED AN ANNUAL #UP TO BE MADE AND ENGRAVED v HE SAID h)T WILL BE PRESENTED EACH YEAR TO A STUDENT OF THIS !CADEMY ˆ SOMEONE WHO IN THE JUDGMENT OF THE !CADEMIC "OARD HAS SHOWN THE MOST CONSISTENT COMMITMENT AND HIGHEST PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT ACROSS EVERY ASPECT OF HIS OR HER PROFESSIONAL LIFE v (E STRESSED THAT THE AIM OF THE #UP WHICH COMES WITH A MONETARY REWARD FROM THE !CADEMY WAS TO RECOGNIZE THE STUDENT WHO HAD EXERTED THE MOST EFFORT IN LIVING UP TO THE HIGHEST VALUES OF POLICING ˆ AND NOT NECESSARILY THE STUDENT WITH THE BEST ACADEMIC RECORD h)T CAME AS A COMPLETE SURPRISE TO ME WHEN ) WAS INFORMED ABOUT IT v -R -URATOV FROM *ALAL !BAD SAID AFTER THE CEREMONY h) VE ALWAYS DREAMT OF BECOMING A POLICE OFFICER SINCE ) WAS A CHILD ) STILL HAVE ONE YEAR TO GO AND THIS #UP WILL INSPIRE ME AND HELP BRING ME CLOSER TO MY GOAL v (IS BIGGEST HOPE HE SAID IS THAT +YRGYZSTAN WILL ONE DAY HAVE WORLD CLASS PROFESSIONAL POLICE OFFICERS WHO FOLLOW THE LAW THEMSELVES SO THAT CITIZENS CAN LOOK TO THEM FOR HELP AND PROTECTION
/3#% -AGAZINE
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/3#% -AGAZINE
OFFICERS REPRESENT THE /3#% PROGRAMME WILL DRAW INCREASED SUPPORT (AVE YOU DETECTED ANY RESENTMENT FROM +YRGYZ POLICE OFFICERS OVER WESTERNERS COMING IN AND TELLING THEM HOW TO DO THINGS .O MORE RESENTMENT THAN ) WOULD DETECT IN THE REACTION OF POLICE IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD TO ANYBODY COMING IN AND TELL ING THEM WHAT TO DO )T S THE SAME EVERY WHERE 0OLICE OFFICERS ARE TRADITIONALLY VERY CONSERVATIVE 4HEY ARE WARY OF EXPERTS WHO COME FROM OUT OF TOWN WITH A BRIEFCASE AND AN OVERHEAD PROJECTOR "UT IF WE COME ARMED WITH GOOD IDEAS THAT THEY CAN TRY OUT AND ADAPT THEN WE STAND A GREATER CHANCE OF PASSING THE CREDIBILITY TEST AND OF THEIR LETTING US HELP THEM ) THINK THAT S WHAT S HAPPENING NOW !RE THE LAW ENFORCEMENT ISSUES IN +YRGYZSTAN SIMILAR TO THOSE IN THE "ALKANS WHERE YOU USED TO WORK 4HERE S A SIMILARITY IN THAT THERE S A GREAT DEAL OF EVIDENT CORRUPTION PERMEAT ING SOCIETY AS A WHOLE )T S SYMPTOMATIC OF A STATE THAT HAS NOT ESTABLISHED ITSELF AND OF CRIMINALS TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE SITUA TION !NOTHER SIMILARITY RELATES TO THE ETHNIC MIX OF THE POLICE FORCE $OES IT REFLECT THE COMPOSITION OF THE SOCIETY IT POLICES !T THE MOMENT IN +YRGYZSTAN PROBABLY NOT 4HE 0OLICE ARE A NATIONAL INSTITUTION (OW ARE THEY REGARDED BY THE PEOPLE OF +YRGYZSTAN 4HERE IS A DEEP MISTRUST BETWEEN THE POLICE AND THE PUBLIC 7E HOPE THAT THE FINDINGS OF OUR SURVEYS AND THE RELATION SHIPS WE VE BUILT WITH SOME OF THE OFFICERS WILL HELP US STEER THE POLICE FORCE TOWARD A PATH THAT INSPIRES GREATER PUBLIC CONFIDENCE 0EOPLE WANT TO SEE THEIR LAW ENFORCERS AS BEYOND REPROACH 4HE POLICE AND THE PUBLIC SHARE THE PERCEPTION THAT LOW SALARIES POOR
WORKING CONDITIONS AND THE LACK OF PROFES SIONALISM AMONG SOME OF THE RANKS CONTRIB UTE TO LOW MORALE AND CORRUPT PRACTICES 3PEAKING OF LOW SALARIES ARE THERE SUFFICIENT GOV ERNMENT FUNDS FOR POLICING ) M AFRAID THAT WHENEVER THE /3#% TAKES AN INTEREST IN SOMETHING IT S USUALLY BECAUSE THERE S NOT ENOUGH FUNDING FOR IT !ND THAT S WHY WE HOPE THAT THE /3#% S PARTICIPATING 3TATES WILL CONTINUE TO ALLOCATE FUNDS ESPECIALLY FOR POLICE RELATED ACTIVITIES IN CONFLICT PREVENTION CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND POST CONFLICT REHABILITATION 7E ARE KEEN TO HAVE THE )NTERIOR -INISTRY TAP OTHER PROM ISING SOURCES SO THAT THE SALARIES OF POLICE OFFICERS CAN BE RAISED #AN WESTERN POLICING STANDARDS AND METHODS BE IMPORTED OR DO THEY HAVE TO BE ADJUSTED FOR INDI VIDUAL COUNTRIES 4HEY HAVE GOT TO BE ADJUSTED 7E CAN HELP POINT THEM IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION )N COMMUNITY POLICING SOME GENERAL PRINCIPLES HOLD TRUE EVERYWHERE BUT THE +YRGYZ POLICE AUTHORITIES MUST DECIDE FOR THEMSELVES 7E DON T WANT TO GIVE THE IMPRESSION THAT WE ARE COMING IN AND TELLING PEOPLE THAT WE KNOW BEST 7E VE ACTUALLY MADE A LOT OF MISTAKES IN OUR OWN COUNTRIES AND WE HOPE PEOPLE HAVE ENOUGH SENSE TO LEARN FROM THEM 3O YES CULTURAL RELEVANCE IS ENORMOUSLY IMPORTANT 4HIS IS WHY CONSULT ING NOT ONLY THE POLICE FORCE BUT ALSO THE COMMUNITY IS AN INDISPENSABLE PART OF THE /3#% S POLICING PROGRAMME À Ì Ê, V >À`Ê ÊÜ>ÃÊ>«« Ìi`Ê-i ÀÊ * ViÊ `Û ÃiÀÊÌ ÊÌ iÊ"- Ê-iVÀiÌ>ÀÞÊ i iÀ> Ê Ê iLÀÕ>ÀÞÊÓää£°Ê iÊ> Ã Ê i>`ÃÊÌ iÊ-iVÀiÌ>À >̽ÃÊ -ÌÀ>Ìi} VÊ* ViÊ >ÌÌiÀÃÊ1 Ì°Ê Ê« ViÊ vv ViÀÊ v ÀÊÎxÊÞi>ÀÃ]Ê À°Ê ÊÜ>ÃÊ Ãà iÀÊ vÊ Ì iÊ1 Ìi`Ê >Ì ÃÊ ÌiÀ >Ì > Ê* ViÊ/>Ã Ê ÀViÊ Ê Ã >Ê> `Ê iÀâi} Û >ÊvÀ Ê >ÀV Ê £ nÊÌ Ê >ÀV Ê£ °Ê ÊÓäää]Ê iÊÜ>ÃÊ Û Ìi`ÊLÞÊ Ì iÊ1 Ìi`Ê >Ì ÃÊ-iVÀiÌ>ÀÞ i iÀ> ÊÌ ÊLiÊ>Ê i LiÀÊ vÊÌ iÊ1 Ê*> i Ê Ê*i>ViÊ"«iÀ>Ì Ã]Ê Ü V Ê«Ài«>Ài`ÊÌ iÊ À> Ê,i« ÀÌÊ Ê«>ÃÌÊ «i>Vi ii« }Ê «iÀ>Ì Ã°Ê ÊÓää£]Ê À°Ê Ê V>ÀÀ i`Ê ÕÌÊ>Êv Ûi Ì ÊÃÌÕ`ÞÊ vÊ« V }Ê ÊÌ iÊ i`iÀ> Ê,i«ÕL VÊ vÊ9Õ} à >Û >Ê ÊLi > vÊ vÊÌ iÊ "- °Ê iÊ> à ÊÀi« ÀÌi`]Ê ÊLi > vÊ vÊÌ iÊ"- Ê > `ÊÌ iÊ"vv ViÊ vÊÌ iÊ } Ê,i«ÀiÃi Ì>Ì Ûi]Ê ÊÌ iÊ À iÊ vÊ>Êv Ü Õ«Ê Ãà ÊÌ ÊÌ iÊ1 Ê ÃÃ Ê Ê Ã >Ê> `Ê iÀâi} Û >]ÊÜ V ÊÜ>ÃÊ>` «Ìi`Ê>ÃÊ Ì iÊÃÌ>ÀÌ }Ê« ÌÊv ÀÊÌ iÊvÕÌÕÀiÊ ÕÀ «i> Ê1 Ê « ViÊ ÃÃ Ê ÊÌ iÊV Õ ÌÀÞ°
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+YRGYZSTAN S INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS .O hQUICK FIXv FOR POLICE REFORM BUT OUTLOOK IS OPTIMISTIC / iÊ ÝiVÕÌ ÛiÊ-ÌiiÀ }Ê ÌÌiiÊ vÊÌ iÊ"- ½ÃÊ* ViÊ Ãà ÃÌ> ViÊ*À }À> iÊ Ê ÞÀ}ÞâÃÌ> ÊÃiÀÛiÃÊ>ÃÊ>Ê Ài}Õ >ÀÊv ÀÕ Êv ÀÊ ÌÊV ÃÕ Ì>Ì ÃÊ> }ÊÌ iÊ > ÊÃÌ> i `iÀÃÊ ÊÌ iÊV Õ ÌÀÞ½ÃÊ« ViÊÀiv À °Ê i LiÀÃÊ iiÌʵÕ>ÀÌiÀ ÞÊ>ÌÊÌ iÊ* ViÊ V>`i ÞÊ Ê Ã i °Ê ÌÊ ÌÃÊÌ À`Ê iiÌ }Ê Ê Õ i]ÊÌ ÀiiÊÀi«ÀiÃi Ì>Ì ÛiÃÊ vÊ` ÀÊ V Õ ÌÀ iÃÊë iÊÜ Ì ÊÌ iÊ"- Ê >}>â iÊ>L ÕÌÊÌ i ÀÊ «ÀiÃà ÃÊ vÊÌ iÊ«À }À> i½ÃÊ«À ëiVÌð
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HE %UROPEAN 5NION IS VERY OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE /3#% S POLICING ACTIVI TIES IN +YRGYZSTAN WHICH WE RE FUNDING THROUGH OUR 2APID 2EACTION -ECHANISM 4HINGS HAVE BEEN GOING WELL AND EVEN AT THIS EARLY STAGE WE RE ALREADY SEEING A SERIES OF GOOD RESULTS 4HE OPENING OF TWO #ENTRES WAS A GREAT ACHIEVEMENT 7E SAW THE MODERN LABORATORIES AND EQUIPMENT OF THE #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION AND WALKED THROUGH THE MODERN AND COMFORTA BLE TRAINING ROOMS OF THE #ENTRE FOR 0UBLIC $ISORDER 0REVENTION AND 2ESOLUTION 7E RE ALSO IMPRESSED WITH THE OTHER
PROJECTS 4HE PILOT PROJECT ON COMMU NITY POLICING FOCUSING ON ONE DISTRICT IN "ISHKEK IS ESPECIALLY INTERESTING AS IT S TRYING TO CHANGE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POLICE AND THE +YRGYZ CITI ZEN ON THE STREET )F THE ACTIVITIES GO WELL IN "ISHKEK S 0ERVOMAISKY $ISTRICT 0OLICE THEY COULD SPREAD OUT QUICKLY TO THE REST OF THE COUNTRY )F THE PROGRAMME CONTINUES TO PROGRESS AS SMOOTHLY AS IT HAS SO FAR ) SEE A VERY GOOD CHANCE THAT "RUSSELS WILL AGREE TO CONTINUE SUPPORTING IT 4HE RECENT UPGRADING IN THE DIPLOMATIC
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN +YRGYZSTAN AND THE %UROPEAN #OMMISSION IS A POSITIVE STEP AFTER OVERSEEING PROJECTS IN +YRGYZSTAN FROM MY BASE IN +AZAKHSTAN FOR ABOUT A YEAR ) HAVE NOW MOVED TO "ISHKEK AND AM FINDING IT A LOT EASIER TO WORK ON THE SPOT #ARINA 3KAREBY CHARGÏE D AFFAIRE A I 2EGIONALIZED $ELEGATION OF THE %UROPEAN #OMMISSION IN +YRGYZSTAN
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HE 5NITED +INGDOM HAS ALWAYS HAD A KEEN INTEREST IN HAVING THE /3#% UNDERTAKE POLICE REFORM ) WAS ON THE 5+ DELEGATION IN 6IENNA FROM TO THE YEAR OF THE 5+ S %UROPEAN 5NION PRESIDENCY 4HAT WAS WHEN WE AS THE %5 STARTED THINKING THAT THE /3#% SHOULD UNDERTAKE POLICE REFORM WHICH IS SUCH A CENTRAL ELEMENT IN REFORMING CIVIL SOCIETY IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES ) THINK THAT THE PROGRAMME PARTNERS ON BOTH THE +YRGYZ AND THE INTERNATIONAL SIDES HAVE DONE AN OUTSTANDING JOB IN THE PAST SEVERAL MONTHS MAKING SURE THAT THE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES ALL COME TOGETHER AND THAT ALL THE DIFFERENT SPECIALISTS ARE FOUND 4HE PEOPLE IN +YRGYZSTAN HAVE BEEN HIGHLY APPRECIATIVE OF WHAT THE /3#% HAS BEEN DOING 0OLICE !CADEMY OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN VERY ENTHUSIASTIC ABOUT HOW THEIR INSTITUTION IS BEING STRENGTHENED THROUGH THE WIDE RANGE OF TRAINING COURSES THAT ARE BEING INTRODUCED
4HE NEW #ENTRE FOR 0UBLIC $ISORDER 0REVENTION AND 2ESOLUTION DID CAUSE SOME CONTROVERSY AMONG SOME .'/S IN THE LIGHT OF WHAT HAPPENED IN !K 3Y TWO YEARS AGO 4HERE WAS SOME CONCERN THAT /3#% ASSISTANCE WOULD ENABLE POLICE TO SUPPRESS DEMONSTRATIONS )N FACT THE INCIDENT SERVED AS A WAKE UP CALL TO THE POLICE THAT THEY SIMPLY HAD TO IMPROVE THE WAY THEY WERE TAKING ACTION #LEARLY THE WAY THIS PART OF THE PRO GRAMME WAS PRESENTED TO .'/S COULD HAVE BEEN DONE A LITTLE BIT BETTER AND MISUNDERSTANDINGS COULD HAVE BEEN AVOIDED "UT ) TRUST THAT WE RE OVER THAT NOW 7E RE EXAMINED THIS ACTIVITY AND DECIDED TO PROCEED IN CONSULTATION WITH .'/S BY INVITING THEM TO TAKE PART IN THE QUARTERLY MEETINGS OF THE 3TEERING #OMMITTEE )T S THE /3#% S ONLY MAJOR POLICE PRO GRAMME IN #ENTRAL !SIA AND IF WE GET IT RIGHT IT CAN BE INTRODUCED TO OTHER COUN
TRIES "ACK IN +AZAKHSTAN WE VE BEEN ENCOURAGING OFFICERS TO LOOK AT WHAT THE /3#% IS DOING IN +YRGYZSTAN ESPECIALLY IN COMMUNITY POLICING AND ) M HAPPY TO SAY THAT THEY HAVE DONE SO $EEP SEATED CORRUPTION AND LOW SALA RIES ARE JUST TWO OF MANY VERY TOUGH ISSUES FOR WHICH THERE IS NO QUICK FIX (OW DO YOU DEAL WITH LOW PAY IN THESE VERY POOR COUNTRIES 4HAT S WHY ) REGARD POLICE REFORM AS A FAIRLY LONG TERM STRAT EGY AND THAT S WHY LEAVING AFTER MONTHS IS CLEARLY NOT A FEASIBLE OPTION *AMES 3HARP !MBASSADOR OF THE 5NITED +INGDOM TO +AZAKHSTAN AND +YRGYZSTAN
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IS THE FOUNDATION OF ALL POLITICAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND WE HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO TRY !T TODAY S MEETING OF THE %XECUTIVE 3TEERING #OMMITTEE WE CONSIDERED IT ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO GIVE THE SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE OF .'/S IN THE SOUTH 3ADYKJAN -AHMUDOV OF ,UCH 3OLOMONA 3OLOMON S 2AY THE OPPORTUNITY TO COMMENT ON THE PROGRAMME 4HIS SHOWS THAT WE ARE TRYING HARD TO WORK IN A TRANSPARENT MANNER AND THAT WE RE NOT SOME hSECRET CIRCLEv
7E BELIEVE THAT CIVIL SOCIETY SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN EVERY ASPECT OF THE PROGRAMME AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE ) AM NOT SURE IF WE VE ACHIEVED IT FULLY BUT THAT IS OUR GOAL +LAUS !CHENBACH &ORMER !MBASSADOR OF 'ERMANY TO +YRGYZSTAN NOW !MBASSADOR TO +UWAIT
HE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT OF MILLION EUROS SOUNDS HUGE BUT THE CHALLENGE IT ADDRESSES IS ENORMOUS WITH LONGSTANDING HISTORICAL ROOTS )T IS OF COURSE TOO EARLY TO ASSESS THE SUCCESSES AND FAILURES OF THE PROGRAMME S MANY ASPECTS !LL ACTIVITIES OF THIS SIZE WILL HAVE FAILURES AND SUCCESSES )T WOULD BE UNREALISTIC TO BELIEVE THAT THE PROBLEMS CAN BE SOLVED WITHIN THE PROGRAMME S CURRENT SCOPE .O ONE HAS A MAGIC FORMULA TO TRANSFORM THINGS WITHIN A FEW MONTHS OR EVEN YEARS "UT THE RULE OF LAW
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3ERGEANT *OCELYNE ,ACOURT SERVED AS THE FIRST /PERATIONAL 0ROGRAMME -ANAGER OF THE 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME IN +YRGYZSTAN FROM *UNE TO *ULY 3HE HAS RETURNED TO THE &RENCH )NTERIOR -INISTRY WHERE SHE NOW WORKS ON ISSUES RELATED TO THE %UROPEAN 5NION S 0(!2% AND #!2$3 PROGRAMMES WHICH ASSIST TRANSITION COUNTRIES IN %UROPE WITH THEIR INTEGRATION PROCESS 0HOTO /3#% -IKHAIL %VSTAFIEV
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7HAT LED YOU TO "ISHKEK TO OVERSEE THE MOST COMPLEX AND COMPREHENSIVE /3#% PROJECT OF ITS KIND IN #ENTRAL !SIA ) WAS IN 3KOPJE ON MY FIRST MISSION WITH THE /3#% CO ORDINATING A SIX MONTH TRAIN ING PROGRAMME FOR NEWLY DEPLOYED POLICE OFFICERS BOTH ETHNIC !LBANIANS AND ETH NIC -ACEDONIANS IN THE FORMER CRISIS AREA ) WAS ABOUT TO COMPLETE THE SECOND PHASE OF MY ASSIGNMENT AS A TRAINER IN COMMUNITY POLICING WHEN ) CAME ACROSS THE VACANCY FOR /PERATIONAL 0ROGRAMME -ANAGER FOR THE NEW 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME IN +YRGYZSTAN ) IMMEDIATELY THOUGHT h4HAT S FOR ME v 3O THERE ) WAS TRANSPORTED FROM THE "ALKANS TO "ISHKEK IN MID *ULY AFTER A SHORT BREAK IN 0ARIS 3HORTLY AFTER MY ARRIVAL ON !UGUST WE RAISED THE /3#% FLAG OVER THE NEWLY OPENED /3#% 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME /FFICE IN "ISHKEK THE DAY OF THE SIGNING OF THE -EMORANDUM OF 5NDERSTANDING BY 0RIME -INISTER .IKOLAI 4ANAEV AND !MBASSADOR !YDIN )DIL WHO *OCELYNE ,ACOURT S FIRST ASSIGNMENT AS A CONSTABLE WAS TO INTRODUCE COMMUNITY POLICING IN AN IMMIGRANTS SETTLEMENT IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF 0ARIS
WAS THEN THE (EAD OF THE /3#% #ENTRE IN "ISHKEK ) VE ALWAYS ENJOYED A GOOD CHALLENGE AND MANAGING A MILLION EURO PRO GRAMME WAS CERTAINLY A HUGE RESPONSI BILITY AND QUITE AN HONOUR ) FELT REALLY FORTUNATE TO BE WORKING IN A REGION THAT ) KNOW WELL AND VISITED FREQUENTLY FROM 0ARIS &OR ALMOST FOUR YEARS WHILE WORKING IN THE $EPARTMENT FOR )NTERNATIONAL 0OLICE #O OPERATION WITHIN OUR )NTERIOR -INISTRY ) MANAGED OUR BILATERAL POLICE ASSISTANCE PROJECTS WITH #ENTRAL !SIA 4HE JOB TOOK ME TO PLACES SUCH AS /SH AND THE &ERGHANA 6ALLEY IN THE SOUTH OF +YRGYZSTAN WHERE DRUG SMUGGLING IS CONCENTRATED 7HAT DID YOU FIND WHEN YOU ARRIVED !ND WHAT IS IT LIKE NOW AS YOU PREPARE TO LEAVE /NE OF THE FIRST THINGS ) DID WAS TO VISIT THE MAIN POLICE STATION IN THE 0ERVOMAISKY $ISTRICT WHERE WE WERE GOING TO INTRODUCE COMMUNITY POLICING AS A PILOT PROJECT ) REMEMBER SEEING CRIME INVESTIGATORS USING ANTIQUE TYPEWRITERS 4ODAY A YEAR INTO THE PROGRAMME THE INVESTIGATION UNIT IS HOOKED UP TO A LOCAL AREA NETWORK INCLUDING 0#S WITH SCANNERS AND PRINTERS WHICH SHOULD MAKE CRIME INVESTIGATION MORE EFFICIENT 4HE POLICE STATION USED TO HAVE ONLY ONE OLD CAR ON CALL FOR EMERGENCIES )N FACT
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MANY OFFICERS HAD NO CHOICE BUT TO USE THEIR PRIVATE CARS MOST OF WHICH WERE NOT EXACT LY IN TOP CONDITION .OW THE 0ERVOMAISKY 0OLICE $ISTRICT HAS BRAND NEW ,ADAS 4HE NEIGHBOURHOOD INSPECTORS WHO DEAL DIRECTLY WITH THE PUBLIC ARE ABOUT TO BE EQUIPPED WITH CAR RADIOS AND OTHER RELIABLE COMMU NICATIONS GEAR /UR TEAM CAN GIVE YOU AN ENDLESS LIST OF hBEFORESv AND hAFTERSv WHICH MAY SOUND VERY BASIC TO YOU BUT BELIEVE ME IT IS MAK ING ALL THE DIFFERENCE ) ALSO REMEMBER SO WELL FIRST SEEING THE PREMISES OF THE 0OLICE !CADEMY S #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION 4HE WHOLE PLACE WAS COLD AND DAMP 4HERE WAS NO EMER GENCY EXIT 4HERE WAS NO VENTILATION SO THE STAFF HAD TO INHALE FUMES FROM THE PHOTO LABORATORY AND FORENSIC CHEMICALS !FTER THREE MONTHS OF EXTENSIVE REFURBISHMENT UNDER THE /3#% PROGRAMME THE CENTRE IS NOW THE BEST OF ITS KIND IN THE REGION SQUARE METRES OF WELL LIT AND WELL VENTILATED FACILITIES WITH SPACIOUS TRAINING ROOMS AND LABORATORIES EQUIPPED WITH THE LATEST TECH NOLOGY USED IN INVESTIGATING CRIMES AND IN FORENSIC WORK 3O THIS GIVES YOU AN IDEA WHY DURING THE START UP PHASE WE DEVOTED A LOT OF OUR ENERGY AND EFFORTS TO THE TIME CONSUMING TASK OF PROCURING TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT FUR NITURE AND SUPPLIES TO UPGRADE THE POLICE S PHYSICAL WORKING CONDITIONS (OW CAN YOU ASK A POLICE FORCE TO ADOPT A CULTURE OF SERV ICE IF IT DOES NOT EVEN HAVE THE MOST BASIC TOOLS 4HEN OF COURSE WE HAVE BEEN INTRODUCING TRAINING TRAINING AND MORE TRAINING 4HERE IS NOTHING EASIER THAN TO GIVE ADVICE TO OUR FELLOW LAW ENFORCERS HERE IN +YRGYZSTAN BUT THERE S NOTHING LIKE HAVING EXPERTS GUIDING THEM AND EXPLAINING CORRECTING ENCOURAG ING AND LETTING THEM FIND THEIR OWN LOCAL SOLUTIONS 7E VE ALSO SENT KEY POLICE PER SONNEL ABROAD TO SEE FOR THEMSELVES HOW THINGS ARE DONE IN SPECIFIC AREAS /BVIOUSLY WE CAN T CLAIM TO HAVE HAD ANY SIGNIFICANT ACHIEVEMENTS YET IF YOU THINK YOU CAN REFORM THE POLICE IN MONTHS YOU RE OBVIOUSLY OUT OF YOUR MIND BUT WE DO KNOW THAT WE HAVE STARTED SOMETHING TREMENDOUSLY IMPORTANT FOR THIS COUNTRY 7E HAVE OPENED SOME DOORS $ID YOUR EXPERIENCE AS A POLICE OFFICER IN 0ARIS HOLD ANY RELEVANCE AT ALL IN YOUR DEALINGS WITH BOTH THE POLICE AND THE CITIZENS IN THIS PART OF THE WORLD !S A YOUNG CONSTABLE IN THE MID S ) PATROLLED A VERY SENSITIVE AREA WITH A LARGE INFLUX OF IMMIGRANTS IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF 0ARIS ,ATER ) WAS IN CHARGE OF INTRODUC
ING COMMUNITY POLICING IN ANOTHER ROUGH NEIGHBORHOOD 4HE JOINT PROBLEM SOLV ING APPROACH WAS NEW TO US AND TO THE RESIDENTS BUT ALL THE BUILDING BLOCKS WERE THERE TO MAKE IT WORK 3O ) CAN FULLY SYMPATHIZE WHEN PEOPLE HERE COME UP TO US AND SAY h(OW CAN WE EVEN BEGIN TO TRUST A LAW ENFORCER WHO ASKS FOR MONEY FROM US EVERY FIVE MINUTES )F SOMEONE BREAKS INTO OUR HOME WHY SHOULD WE REPORT IT TO THE POLICE v !T THE SAME TIME ) VE WANTED TO CRY FOR MY COLLEAGUES IN +YRGYZSTAN 4HEY ARE FATHERS THEY ARE HUSBANDS (OW CAN YOU BE AN HONEST POLICE OFFICER IF YOU ARE SOME TIMES NOT PAID YOUR SALARY OF AN EQUIVALENT OF EUROS A MONTH !ND IF YOU HAVE TO PAY YOUR BOSS SO YOU CAN KEEP YOUR JOB (OW CAN TOUGH STRUCTURES BE PUT IN PLACE AND HOW CAN AN ANTI CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN BE LAUNCHED UNDER THESE CONDITIONS &OR THAT REASON ) AM CONVINCED THAT OUR WORK SHOULD BE PART OF AN EVEN LARGER EFFORT WITH OTHER PARTNERS 4HE /3#% #ENTRE IN "ISHKEK AND THE 3TRATEGIC 0OLICE -ATTERS 5NIT IN THE /3#% 3ECRETARIAT HAVE BEEN LOOKING CLOSELY AT THIS ISSUE )N YOUR DAY TO DAY MANAGEMENT OF THE PRO GRAMME DID YOU EVER FEEL THAT IT WAS hONE STEP FORWARD TWO STEPS BACKv !S WESTERNERS WE RE ALWAYS RUNNING AGAINST THE CLOCK ) VE HAD TO LEARN TO BE PATIENT 7E ALSO NEED TO BE MORE HUMBLE AND LESS ARROGANT AND NOT TO BEHAVE AS IF WE KNOW EVERYTHING 0EOPLE FROM OTHER CUL TURES CAN TEACH US SOME THINGS AS WELL 4HE PEOPLE HERE TRULY DESERVE A FIRST CLASS POLICE FORCE AND WE OWE IT TO THEM TO TRY AND HELP PUT ONE AT THEIR SERVICE
4HE TRADITIONAL CONTRASTED WITH THE MODERN AT THE POLICE GRADUATION CEREMONY IN *UNE
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!LTHOUGH THE PROJECT WAS MEANT TO LAST ONLY MONTHS AND IS DEPENDENT ON EXTRA BUDGETARY RESOURCES WE NEED TO CONTINUE PROVING THAT OUR ASSISTANCE IS NOT MEANT TO BE ONLY EPHEMERAL /F COURSE THERE ARE SOME WHO STILL DOUBT THAT THE OLD WAY OF DOING THINGS CAN BE CHANGED AND WHO DO NOT HAVE MUCH FAITH IN THEIR OWN OFFICIALS "UT THERE ARE MANY WHO HAVE UNDERSTOOD WHAT THE PROJECT IS TRYING TO DO AND WHOSE HOPES HAVE BEEN RAISED BY WHAT THEY ARE SEEING 7E SHOULD ALSO UNDERSTAND THAT OFFICIALS WHO WERE PART OF THE OLD SYSTEM ARE STILL IN PLACE "UT IT S THE YOUNG PEOPLE ) WOULD LIKE TO PIN MY HOPES ON 7E NEED TO GIVE THE CADETS WHOSE AVERAGE AGE IS OPPORTUNI TIES FOR A GOOD EDUCATION GOOD TRAINING AND GOOD TOOLS 7HEN ) JOINED THE POLICE FORCE YEARS AGO IN &RANCE THERE WERE ONLY THREE WOMEN IN MY POLICE STATION -OST OF THE MEN HAD HAD ABOUT YEARS OF SERVICE 3OME NOT ALL WERE CARICATURES OF THE OLD SCHOOL AND A BIT PUSHY TOWARDS OUR CITIZENS 7E YOUNGER ONES TRIED TO OPPOSE THEIR STYLE BECAUSE IT WAS DIFFERENT FROM WHAT WE WERE TAUGHT AND ) REMEMBER HOW DIF FICULT IT WAS IN THE BEGINNING (OWEVER AS MORE AND MORE YOUNG PEOPLE JOINED WE WERE NO LONGER A SMALL MINORITY 4HE OLDER ONES STARTED RETIRING AND IT WAS MY GENERA TION THAT STARTED TO CHANGE THINGS LITTLE BY LITTLE WITH AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION FROM
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3OME OF THE NATIONAL STAFF OF THE 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME LEFT TO RIGHT +YIAL !RABAYEVA )NTERPRETER 5LAN *APAROV 0ROCUREMENT !SSISTANT 'ULJAMAL 3HARIPKANOVA )NTERPRETER !LYONA 4URCHINA "UDGET !SSISTANT *AHNIBEK 4EMIRALIYEV )NTERPRETER 6ICTORIA 4SEKANOVA )NTERPRETER !LTYNAI .OSINOVA !DMINISTRATION !SSISTANT AND /LEG +OLENKO $RIVER
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WOMEN WHO NOW MAKE UP ABOUT PER CENT OF THE .ATIONAL 0OLICE )N +YRGYZSTAN WHAT IS THE LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN THE POLICE FORCE ) HAVE BEEN TOLD THAT INTERNAL REGULATIONS PREVENT THE FEMALE CONTINGENT FROM GOING BEYOND FIVE PER CENT OF THE TOTAL WHICH BY ANY STANDARDS IS NOT SATISFACTORY AT ALL !ND MOST OF THE FEMALE OFFICERS ARE LIMITED TO ADMINISTRATIVE AND OFFICE TASKS 4O THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE NO WOMAN HAS YET BEEN ASSIGNED TO FIELD OPERATIONS BECAUSE IT IS THOUGHT NOT TO BE hAPPROPRIATEv 4HE COMMUNITY POLICING PILOT PROJECT HAS START ED RECRUITING WOMEN AS .EIGHBOURHOOD )NSPECTORS SO THAT S AT LEAST A MODEST INI TIATIVE 3OON THEY WILL BE MORE VISIBLE AS MORE AND MORE OF THEM WORK DIRECTLY WITH THE POPULATION ) REALLY HOPE THAT WE WILL SEE CHANGES IN THIS AREA IN THE COMING YEARS 7HAT ATTRACTED YOU TO POLICING IN THE FIRST PLACE -Y FATHER WAS A POLICE OFFICER ALL HIS LIFE 7HEN HE RETIRED IN IT WAS EXACTLY WHEN WOMEN WERE BEING ACTIVELY ENCOUR AGED TO JOIN THE POLICE SERVICE "UT IT WAS ONLY A FEW YEARS LATER IN WHEN ) TOLD MYSELF h4HIS IS EXACTLY WHAT ) WANT TO DO v AFTER SEEING A RECRUITMENT AD 3O ) REALIZED IT WAS MY VOCATION QUITE LATE ) WAS AND ALREADY A MOTHER 7HAT ) LIKE ABOUT BEING IN THE POLICE SERVICE IS THAT THE POSSIBILITIES FOR LEARNING ARE ENDLESS 3IMILAR OPPORTUNITIES SHOULD BE DEVELOPED FURTHER IN +YRGYZSTAN WHERE THE PRACTICE AT THE 0OLICE !CADEMY IS TO OFFER A CONTINUOUS FIVE YEAR PROGRAMME BUT WHERE ON THE JOB TRAINING AND SPECIALIZED COURSES ARE STILL RARE 7HAT ARE YOU GOING TO MISS MOST ABOUT LIFE IN "ISHKEK )T MAY SOUND STRANGE CONSIDERING HOW INTENSE THE PACE OF WORK HAS BEEN EVERY SINGLE DAY INCLUDING WEEKENDS BUT EVERY MORNING WHEN ) OPENED MY EYES ) HAD THE FEELING ) WAS SOMEWHERE ON HOLIDAY WHEN ) HEARD THE COCK CROW "ISHKEK CAN BE ABSOLUTELY MAGICAL )T S A CITY OF TREES ROSES BIRDS AND EVEN SQUIR RELS /UR OFFICES ARE RIGHT NEXT TO A SMALL PARK SHADED BY OLD ELM TREES 9OU CAN BE OUT IN THE EVENING IN A CAFÏ WITH EXCELLENT MUSICIANS AND YOU WALK HOME FEELING SAFE AND SECURE UNLIKE IN MANY OTHER CAPITALS %VERYONE FALLS IN LOVE WITH THIS PLACE AND ITS PEACE LOVING FAMILY ORIENTED PEOPLE 7HAT A PITY NO ONE KNOWS MUCH ABOUT THIS CHARMING SIDE OF +YRGYZSTAN 7HAT A PITY THERE AREN T MORE TOURISTS CLIMBING ITS BREATHTAKING MOUNTAINS
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4
HIS IS THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL PRO GRAMME TO PROVIDE +YRGYZSTAN S POLICE AGENCIES WITH SUBSTANTIAL SUPPORT AND WE RE VERY HAPPY TO BE RUNNING IT &ORTUNATELY WE ARE CHANGING THE PERCEP TION OF POLICING WE CARRIED OVER FROM THE 3OVIET ERA AND MOST OF OUR OFFICERS ARE AWARE OF THE HARD WORK THAT STILL HAS TO BE DONE BEFORE WE CAN ACHIEVE A HIGHER LEVEL OF POLICING 7E FEEL SO MUCH MORE POSITIVE ABOUT OURSELVES BECAUSE OF THE MODERN EQUIP
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MENT AND TRAINING THAT HAVE BEEN PLACED AT OUR DISPOSAL -OST IMPORTANTLY THE ISSUE OF HUMAN RIGHTS HAS GAINED MORE PROMINENCE ) MUST CONFESS THAT OUR ATTITUDE TOWARDS CRIMINALS AND OFFENDERS HAD ALWAYS BEEN ONE OF INDIFFERENCE BUT WE ARE NOW TRYING TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS 7E HAVE RECENTLY BROUGHT OUR NATIONAL LEGISLATION INTO LINE WITH INTERNATIONAL STAND ARDS IN HUMAN RIGHTS AND POLICING .OTABLY WE HAVE AMENDED THE #ODE OF #RIMINAL 0ROCEDURE ALLOWING A SUSPECT UNDER INTER
4HE 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME S INTERNATIONAL CORE TEAM LEFT TO RIGHT 5RBAN +ARLSSON #OMMUNITY 0OLICING %XPERT 3WEDEN -AMYROV 3HAMSHYBEK .ATIONAL 0ROJECT /FFICER %VGENY #HERENKOV !CTING /PERATIONAL 0ROGRAMME -ANAGER AND 0OLICE !CADEMY %XPERT 2USSIAN &EDERATION AND *EAN 0IERRE #ONTAL 0UBLIC /RDER AND #ONFLICT 0REVENTION %XPERT &RANCE )N THE BACKGROUND THE /3#% FLAG FLIES OVER THE NEW #ENTRE FOR 0UBLIC $ISORDER 0REVENTION AND 2ESOLUTION 0HOTO /3#% -IKHAIL %VSTAFIEV
/3#% -AGAZINE
ROGATION TO HAVE ACCESS TO A LAWYER 7E HAVE ALSO ADOPTED AN ARTICLE MAKING POLICE OFFICERS MORE ACCOUNTABLE IF THEY RESORT TO VIOLENCE 4URNING TO THE IMPORTANT ISSUE OF POLICE SALARIES WE HAVE A SAYING h! HUNGRY POLICE OFFICER IS A DANGEROUS POLICE OFFICER v 4HE +YRGYZ 0RESIDENT AND THE -INISTER OF )NTERIOR HAVE BEEN LOOKING INTO WAYS OF IMPROVING THE WELFARE OF OUR POLICE OFFICERS 3TARTING EARLY THIS YEAR WE RAISED SALARIES BY
PER CENT AND WE ARE CURRENTLY DISCUSSING WHETHER WE CAN AFFORD ANOTHER PER CENT INCREASE %VERY DAY WE GET INQUIRIES FROM OTHER STATES IN #ENTRAL !SIA ABOUT HOW WE ARE IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAMME SINCE WE ALL SHARE THE SAME WEAKNESSES IN THE SAFETY AND SECURITY SECTOR &IRST $EPUTY -INISTER OF )NTERIOR 2ASUL 2AIMBERDIYEV #HAIRMAN OF #O ORDINATION "OARD OF 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME
2ESPONDING TO +YRGYZSTAN S hHARDv AND hSOFTv POLICING NEEDS 4HE /3#% S MONTH POLICE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME FOR +YRGYZSTAN LAUNCHED IN !UGUST WAS ABOUT PER CENT COMPLETED AS OF EARLY /CTOBER $EVELOPED AT THE REQUEST OF THE 'OVERNMENT AND RUN IN CO OPERATION WITH THE )NTERIOR -INISTRY THE FULL PROGRAMME COMPRISES s s
s s s s s s
UPGRADING THE QUALITY OF POLICE INVESTIGATIONS IMPROVING POLICE CAPACITY FOR DRUG INTERDICTION CREATING A MODERN AND EFFICIENT POLICE EMERGENCY CALL RESPONSE CENTRE SETTING UP THE CORE OF A NATIONAL CRIMINAL INFORMATION ANALYSIS SYSTEM PROVIDING THE CRIMINAL POLICE WITH A RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM STRENGTHENING POLICE CAPACITY TO PREVENT RESOLVE AND MANAGE PUBLIC CONFLICT AND DISORDER INTRODUCING COMMUNITY POLICING METHODS AS A PILOT PROJECT IN "ISHKEK S 0ERVOMAISKY $ISTRICT AND EXPANDING THE CURRICULUM OF +YRGYZSTAN S 0OLICE !CADEMY
-AIN CONTRIBUTORS %UROPEAN 5NION .ORWAY 5NITED +INGDOM 5NITED 3TATES .ETHERLANDS 'ERMANY AND 3WEDEN
#OUNTRIES THAT HAVE SECONDED EXPERTS &RANCE 2USSIAN &EDERATION 3WEDEN AND "ULGARIA
/NE WEEK STUDY TOURS WITH A MAXIMUM OF FOUR PARTICIPANTS &RANCE AND 5NITED +INGDOM 0REVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC DISORDER ,ITHUANIA TWO TOURS 0REVENTION OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC DISORDER 2USSIAN &EDERATION 0REVENTION OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY POLICE MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION 0OLAND 0REVENTION OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 3WITZERLAND #IVILIAN OVERSIGHT OF THE POLICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS 'ERMANY TWO TOURS (UMAN RIGHTS .ORTHERN )RELAND #OMMUNITY POLICING IN PRACTICE AND CIVILIAN OVERSIGHT
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3PAIN #RIMINAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS
$URING A STUDY TOUR IN "ELFAST IN *ULY ,T #OL - !LIYEV $EPUTY (EAD OF "ISHKEK S 0ERVOMAISKY $ISTRICT 0OLICE TRIES ON A JACKET USED BY COMMUNITY POLICE IN .ORTHERN )RELAND
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#OMPLETELY RENOVATED THE #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION IS NOW ONE OF THE MOST MODERN IN #ENTRAL !SIA
!
Ê - " 6
Ê ,
BOUT ONE THIRD OF CRIMES IN THE COUNTRY TAKE PLACE IN "ISHKEK A CITY WITH ONE MILLION RESIDENTS OR ABOUT ONE FIFTH OF THE COUNTRY S TOTAL POPULATION -OST OF THE CRIMES INVOLVE THEFT AND ROBBERY AND SOME INVOLVE THE USE OF FIREARMS ) MUST SAY THAT THE EXERCISE WE WENT THROUGH FROM TO *ULY SIMULATING A MURDER CASE WAS WELL DESIGNED 7E ALL FELT AS IF WE WERE INVESTIGATING A REAL CRIME IN REAL LIFE 7E EXAMINED THE VICTIM S OFFICE WHERE WE FOUND EVIDENCE THAT HE OWED MONEY TO SOMEONE 7E ALSO DISCOVERED THAT THE VICTIM S DAUGHTER HAD BEEN KIDNAPPED 4HE CRIMINALS WERE ASKING FOR A RANSOM 7E IDENTIFIED THE EXACT SPOT WHERE THEY WANTED THE MONEY TO BE DROPPED OFF 7E SPLIT UP INTO SEVERAL GROUPS TO TRACK THE CRIMINALS AND WE SUCCEEDED IN IDENTIFYING THEIR CAR WHICH LED TO THEIR ARREST 4HIS PRACTICAL TRAINING ALLOWS US NOT ONLY TO IMPROVE hHARDv SKILLS BUT ALSO TO LEARN ABOUT DIFFERENCES IN APPROACHES TO POLICE WORK )N THIS COURSE THE INSTRUCTOR #APTAIN %RIK !NDRÏ FROM THE &RENCH GENDARMERIE INTRODUCED TECHNIQUES THAT WERE COMPLETELY NEW TO US 7E FOUND OUT THAT IN &RANCE AN INVESTIGATOR DOES EVERYTHING INVESTIGATING CARRYING OUT ARRESTS ANALYSING CASES AND SOLVING CRIMES )N OUR SYSTEM AN INVESTI GATOR HEADS AND MANAGES OPERATIONS AND ASSIGNS ROLES SEPARATELY TO THE POLICE TO SPE CIAL TROOPS AND TO OPERATIONAL OFFICERS 3O FAR MORE THAN OFFICERS AND TRAIN ERS HAVE COMPLETED A VARIETY OF BASIC AND ADVANCED COURSES CONDUCTED BY TWO INTERNA TIONAL EXPERTS )N *UNE THE 0OLICE !CADEMY INAUGURATED ITS COMPLETELY REFURBISHED #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION )TS MODERN FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT WILL MAKE HIGHLY TECHNICAL TRAINING POSSIBLE IN FIELDS SUCH AS FORENSICS AND BALLISTICS )N *ULY WE RECEIVED MINI VANS EQUIPPED WITH CRIME SCENE KITS DIGITAL
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CAMERAS AND MOBILE PHONES 4HIS MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR INVESTIGATION TEAMS TO REACH THE SCENE OF A CRIME MUCH MORE QUICKLY AND TO CARRY OUT INVESTIGATIONS MUCH MORE THOR OUGHLY WHICH SHOULD INCREASE OUR SUCCESS RATE IN SOLVING CRIME CASES 0OLICE #APTAIN -ELISBEK "AYNAZAROV 3ENIOR )NVESTIGATOR "ISHKEK #ITY 0OLICE (EADQUARTERS
" /
4
Ê/,
Ê
2USSIAN TRAINERS SHARE THEIR EXPERTISE IN FORENSICS
Ê ,1 -
HE /3#% S ASSISTANCE IN STRENGTHENING OUR CAPACITY FOR INTERCEPTING ILLEGAL DRUGS WAS SET IN MOTION EARLY THIS YEAR WHEN WE RECEIVED THE KEYS TO EIGHT NEW VEHICLES %ACH MOBILE UNIT COMES WITH A SNIFFER DOG
h"OY v AN %NGLISH COCKER SPANIEL IS A VALUABLE MEMBER OF THE $RUG %NFORCEMENT 5NIT OF "ISHKEK #ITY 0OLICE (EADQUARTERS
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) M HAPPY TO REPORT THAT OUR FINDS HAVE GONE UP CONSIDERABLY 4HE DOGS TRAINED IN !LMATY ARE PROVING TO HAVE EXCELLENT hNOSESv FOR DRUGS IN HOUSES AND IN CARS "ISHKEK AND /SH ARE MAJOR TRAN SIT POINTS FOR HEROIN AND OPIUM COMING FROM !FGHANISTAN THROUGH 4AJIKISTAN TO +AZAKHSTAN 2USSIA AND %UROPEAN CAPITALS WHERE THE MONEY GENERATED IS LAUNDERED INTO LEGITIMATE BUSINESSES 3O THE MORE DRUGS WE FIND HERE THE LESS DRUGS WILL END UP IN OTHER /3#% COUNTRIES #OLONEL 3ALYMBEK !LYMKULOV $EPUTY (EAD OF $RUG %NFORCEMENT $EPARTMENT -INISTRY OF )NTERIOR
Ê*1 Ê "
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OF THE PROGRAMME S EIGHT PROJECTS WE HAVE BEEN WORKING WITH THE /3#% TO INFORM PEO PLE AND THE MEDIA ABOUT THE PROGRAMME ) MUST SAY WE HAVE BEEN RECEIVING VERY POSI TIVE FEEDBACK 0OLICE -AJOR 'EN +ENESHBEK $UISHEBAYEV (EAD OF "ISHKEK #ITY 0OLICE (EADQUARTERS
Ê
)
N FIVE PEOPLE DIED AFTER POLICE OFFIC ERS USED FIREARMS TO STOP A RIOT IN !K SY IN THE SOUTH 7E LEARNED IMPORTANT LESSONS FROM THAT TRAGIC INCIDENT !T THE 0OLICE !CADEMY S #ENTRE FOR 0UBLIC $ISORDER 0REVENTION AND 2ESOLUTION WHICH WE INAUGURATED ON *UNE NON SPECIALIST SENIOR POLICE OFFICERS AND CADETS UNDERGO TRAINING TO RESPOND PROPERLY TO POTENTIAL THREATS DURING MASS EVENTS !N EXPERT FROM &RANCE TOGETHER WITH TEACHERS FROM THE 0OLICE !CADEMY HAS ALREADY TRAINED MORE THAN OFFICERS 4RAINING WILL BE EXTENDED TO *ALAL !BAD IN THE SOUTH 4HE AIM IS TO PREVENT A CONFLICT FROM ESCA LATING THROUGH THE USE OF NEGOTIATION AND TO hDE ESCALATEv PUBLIC DISORDER BY USING TAC TICS THAT ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH DEMOCRATIC POLICING PRINCIPLES THAT IS WITH A MINI MUM USE OF FORCE 3INCE THE SUCCESS OF OUR WORK DEPENDS TO A GREAT EXTENT ON THE PUBLIC S UNDERSTANDING
0OLICE -AJOR 'EN +ENESHBEK $UISHEBAYEV
)
WAS ONE OF OFFICERS WHO COMPLETED THE FIRST TRAINING FOR TRAINERS COURSE IN COM MUNITY POLICING FROM !PRIL TO -AY ) DID VERY WELL BECAUSE ) REALLY ENJOY INTERACT ING WITH PEOPLE 7E RE TRYING TO BUILD ON +YRGYZSTAN S OLD hNEIGHBOURHOOD INSPEC TORSv CONCEPT 7HAT S NEW FOR US IS THAT OUR ROLE IS MORE CLEARLY DEFINED AND FEEDBACK IS EMPHASIZED !S PART OF THE TRAINING WE ACTUALLY PATROLLED THE STREETS AND TRIED TO CHAT INFORMALLY WITH PEOPLE 4HERE WERE SOME AWKWARD MOMENTS FOR BOTH SIDES 3OME ENCOUNTERS WERE NEGATIVE AND SOME WERE FUN AND AMUSING ) M OPTIMISTIC THAT WHEN THE CONCEPT IS FULLY IMPLEMENTED WE WILL BE ABLE TO CARRY IT THROUGH PROVIDED WE ALL PULL
.EIGHBOURHOOD )NSPECTORS LEARN HOW TO INTERACT WITH "ISHKEK RESIDENTS LEFT TO RIGHT EXPLAINING THE MEANING OF COMMUNITY POLICING TO SCHOOLCHILDREN ORGANIZING A FOOTBALL MATCH AND COMING ACROSS A WEDDING PARTY 0HOTOS /3#% 0!0
/3#% -AGAZINE
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7
HAT IS COMMUNITY POLICING 3IMPLY PUT IT MEANS THAT POLICE OFFICERS WORK IN A TRUSTING PARTNERSHIP WITH SOCIETY TO DECREASE CRIME AND INCREASE SAFETY )T ISN T hSOFTv POLICING AT ALL IN A SENSE IT S ACTUALLY TOUGH BECAUSE YOU RE MUCH MORE INVOLVED AND IT TAKES MORE TIME EFFORT AND ENERGY )T S PRO ACTIVE NOT REACTIVE )T S MUCH MORE THAN PATROLLING BY FOOT OR BY CAR WHICH IS EASY ENOUGH )T S BASED ON THE PREMISE THAT THE POLICE ON THEIR OWN CANNOT STOP CRIME )T S OFTEN CALLED hLOCAL NEEDS POLICINGv WHICH IS WHY WE CARRIED OUT A SURVEY RECENTLY TO FIND OUT WHAT THE COMMUNITY OF 0ERVOMAISKY EXPECTS OF ITS LAW ENFORCERS ) UNDERSTAND POLICE OFFICERS FEAR OF LOS ING POWER IF THEY TAP CIVILIANS AS A RESOURCE 0ARADOXICALLY THOUGH IT S WHEN YOU INTERACT WITH LOCAL CITIZENS THAT YOU BECOME A REAL PROFESSIONAL ) HAVE BEEN A POLICE OFFICER FOR YEARS IN 3TOCKHOLM OF THOSE YEARS WERE DEVOTED TO COMMUNITY POLICING )N MY HOME TOWN WE THOUGHT WE WERE ALL EXPERTS WE HAD TECHNOLOGY WE KNEW EVERYTHING )N WE DECIDED TO FORM A GROUP THAT WOULD GO AROUND ON BICYCLES TALKING TO PEO PLE 7E FOUND WE WERE SOLVING A LOT MORE CRIMES THAN WE HAD DONE BEFORE 0EOPLE WOULD COME UP TO US SAYING h4HANK YOU FOR BEING HERE 7E CAN WALK SAFELY IN THE STREETS AGAIN v 4HAT WAS OUR GREATEST REWARD "EFORE MY ASSIGNMENT ENDS ) WOULD LIKE TO SEE CITIZENS SITTING DOWN WITH THEIR POLICE
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OFFICERS AND TRYING TO FIND WAYS TO INCREASE SAFETY AND SECURITY IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD TO HAVE THE CONCEPT OF hSERVICEv FULLY UNDER STOOD AND TO TURN LAW ENFORCERS FROM A hFORCEv INTO A SERVICE PROVIDER 7E HAVE NOW RECRUITED THE FIRST FEMALE .EIGHBOURHOOD )NSPECTORS AND ) M LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING THEM WORKING IN THE FIELD SIDE BY SIDE WITH MALE OFFICERS FOR THE FIRST TIME /F COURSE ) KNOW ONE CANNOT TRANSPLANT ONE COUNTRY S PRACTICES TO ANOTHER JUST LIKE THAT (OWEVER THE CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY POLICING IS BASICALLY THE SAME ALL OVER THE WORLD THE +YRGYZ SIMPLY HAVE TO MAKE ADJUSTMENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR LOCAL CULTURE 5RBAN +ARLSSON #OMMUNITY 0OLICING %XPERT )N 3WEDEN 0OLICE 3UPERINTENDENT AND (EAD OF THE 0UBLIC /RDER $EPARTMENT IN 3ODERTALJE 0OLICE $ISTRICT 3TOCKHOLM
&ATHER AND SON AT THE 0OLICE !CADEMY S GRADUATION CEREMONY
)N 3EPTEMBER VEHICLES WERE DELIVERED TO "ISHKEK S POLICE AUTHORITIES FOR USE IN COMMUNITY POLICING AND INVESTIGATING CRIMES
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TOGETHER 4O START WITH WE VE BEEN PROVIDED WITH COMPUTERS RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SETS AND PATROL CARS 2ECENTLY THE NEXT PHASE OF THIS PROJECT WAS LAUNCHED AFTER OFFICERS WERE CHOSEN IN A COMPETITIVE PROCESS TO UNDERGO THE FIRST TRAINING COURSE IN COMMUNITY POLICING ) ATTENDED THE 4URKISH 0OLICY !CADEMY IN !NKARA WHERE ) SAW THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE 4URKISH AND +YRGYZ POLICE ) WISH WE HAD THE SAME SYSTEM )T WAS TRULY INSPIRING (ERE THE WHOLE POLICE STRUC TURE HAS TO BE REFORMED BUT STEP BY STEP BECAUSE IT S IMPOSSIBLE TO DO IT ALL AT THE SAME TIME /NE OF THE FIRST THINGS ) WOULD DO IS RAISE THE SALARIES OF POLICE OFFICERS 2IGHT NOW WE ARE PAID AN AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARY OF SOMS 7E NEED AT LEAST SOMS TO BE ABLE TO LIVE COM FORTABLY 4HE LOW SALARIES EXPLAIN WHY THERE IS SO MUCH CORRUPTION AMONG THE POLICE ,T "EKCHORO !LAISKAROV .EIGHBOURHOOD )NSPECTOR FROM 0ERVOMAISKY $ISTRICT 0OLICE 3TATION
/3#% -AGAZINE
DUCTED SOME COURSES IN /SH FURTHER TRAIN ING IS SCHEDULED FOR /CTOBER 7E RE LOOKING FORWARD TO FINDING OUT MORE ABOUT ACHIEVE MENTS IN THIS AREA AT THE NEXT MEETING OF THE 3TEERING #OMMITTEE 3ADYKJAN -AHMUDOV %XECUTIVE $IRECTOR h,UCH 3OLOMONAv
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-/, / Ê/ Ê*" Ê 9 ½ -Ê / , Ê * / 9 Ê
3OME CADETS ARE ENROLLED IN +YRGYZSTAN S 0OLICE !CADEMY
WAS CHOSEN BY MORE THAN .'/S FROM THREE SOUTHERN REGIONS TO REPRESENT THE GENERAL PUBLIC FROM THAT PART OF THE COUNTRY ON THE %XECUTIVE 3TEERING #OMMITTEE OF THE 0OLICE !SSISTANCE 0ROGRAMME 4HIS GIVES ME THE OPPORTUNITY TO GIVE PRESENTATIONS OFFER COMMENTS AND ASK THE 0ROGRAMME -ANAGER AND +YRGYZ LEADERS QUESTIONS ON HOW ACTIVI TIES ARE PROGRESSING !T THE THIRD MEETING WHICH TOOK PLACE IN *UNE ) SUGGESTED THAT IN ADDITION TO THE TWO CHECKPOINTS THAT ARE BEING PLANNED TO COUNTER DRUG TRAFFICKING TWO MORE SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED IN THE 3OUTH WHICH FACES AN EVEN MORE SERIOUS DRUG TRAFFICKING PROBLEM 7E ARE ALSO WORRIED ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE PROGRAMME WILL CREATE AN ARMED UNIT TO DEAL WITH MASS DISTURBANCES AND AT THE .'/S REQUEST THIS PART OF THE PRO GRAMME HAS BEEN SUSPENDED FOR THE TIME BEING 3OME RESULTS CAN ALREADY BE HIGHLIGHTED )N 3EPTEMBER INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS FROM THE #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION CON
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3EVERAL CENTRES WITHIN THE 0OLICE !CADEMY HAVE EITHER BEEN COMPLETELY REFURBISHED OR UPGRADED
)
/3#% -AGAZINE
!
LTHOUGH DAY TO DAY WORK AT THE 0OLICE !CADEMY UNDER THIS PROJECT APPEARS ROU TINE THE TEACHING STAFF ARE WELL AWARE THAT THEY ARE ACTUALLY BUILDING THE FOUNDATION FOR A WHOLE NEW SYSTEM OF EDUCATION THAT WILL TURN OUT FUTURE GENERATIONS OF POLICE WHO WILL BE MORE PROFESSIONAL THAN EVER "ESIDES DEVELOPING TRAINING COURSES AND TEACHING MATERIAL WE ARE ALSO CONDUCTING TRAINING IN VARIOUS DISCIPLINES FOR POLICE IN THE FIELD CADETS SENIOR OFFICIALS AT THE !CADEMY AND THE !CADEMY S TRAINERS THEM SELVES "Y THE TIME MY ASSIGNMENT ENDS A WHOLE RANGE OF NEW TRAINING COURSES WILL HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED INTO THE CURRICU LUM AND THE TEACHING STAFF WILL HAVE BEEN EQUIPPED WITH THE MOST MODERN TEACHING TECHNIQUES 7ITHIN THE !CADEMY SEVERAL CENTRES HAVE BEEN EITHER CREATED OR UPGRADED EACH DEVOTED TO A SPECIAL DISCIPLINE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PRACTICAL COMMUNICATION AND SITU ATIONAL TRAINING FOR POLICE OFFICERS IN THE FIELD SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH HUMAN RIGHTS AND CIVILIAN OVERSIGHT OF THE POLICE AND JUVENILE JUSTICE 4HE MORE VISIBLE #ENTRE FOR #RIMINAL )NVESTIGATION AND THE #ENTRE FOR 0UBLIC $ISORDER 0REVENTION AND 2ESOLUTION ALSO FALL INTO THIS CATEGORY -OST OF THE CENTRES HAVE BEEN RENOVATED PROVIDED WITH SPECIAL EQUIPMENT AND EQUIPPED WITH COMPUTERS 3EVERAL TRAINING COURSES HAVE BEEN INCLUD ED IN THE CURRICULUM FOR THE FIRST TIME ON COMMUNITY POLICING PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS WORKING WITH JUVENILES CONFLICT PRE VENTION CRISES MANAGEMENT AND INTER ETHNIC POLICING 7E ARE ALSO INTRODUCING METHODS THAT WILL STRENGTHEN THE !CADEMY S RESEARCH POTENTIAL AND STREAMLINE THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE !LL IN ALL ) BELIEVE OUR GOALS ARE REALISTIC AND DOWN TO EARTH AND THE EXPECTED RESULTS TANGIBLE AND EASY TO EVALUATE #OL %VGENY #HERENKOV 0OLICE !CADEMY %XPERT )N 2USSIA $EPUTY (EAD $EPARTMENT OF !DMINISTRATIVE ,AW 5NIVERSITY OF ,AW FOR THE 0OLICE .IZHNY .OVGOROD
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7HAT DO YOU THINK OF THE RECENT CALL OF THE #HAIRMAN IN /FFICE FOR A TRANSFORMATION OF THE /3#% !MBASSADOR 3TEPHAN -INIKES 4HE HALLMARK OF THE /3#% HAS ALWAYS BEEN ITS RESPONSIVENESS AND FLEXIBILITY AND THAT IT IS NOT BOGGED DOWN BY BUREAUCRACY NOT YET ANYWAY AND WE NEED TO KEEP IT THAT WAY 7E TALK ABOUT THIS OFTEN BECAUSE THESE FEATURES DISTINGUISH THE /3#% FROM OTHER REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ARE KEY TO ITS EFFEC TIVENESS AND MUST BE PRESERVED 7E BELIEVE THAT THE /3#% LIKE ANY ORGANIZATION SHOULD ALWAYS BE LOOKING FOR WAYS TO IMPROVE ITSELF AND TO ADAPT TO THE CHANGING NEEDS OF ITS PARTICIPATING 3TATES AND TO CHANGING POLITICAL ENVIRONMENTS 7E ARE ALWAYS PREPARED TO DISCUSS CONSTRUCTIVE IDEAS FOR TRANSFORMING THE /3#% 4HE /3#% IS BASED ON PRINCIPLES THAT REP RESENT THE SHARED VALUES OF THE PARTICIPATING 3TATES 7HAT THESE PRINCIPLES MEAN IN PRAC TICE HAS BEEN ELABORATED IN A LONG SERIES OF CONSENSUS DOCUMENTS OVER THE YEARS 4HEY TOO MUST BE PRESERVED IF WE ARE TO REMAIN FAITHFUL TO THE IDEALS TO WHICH ALL PARTICIPAT ING 3TATES HAVE COMMITTED THEMSELVES /UR #HAIRMAN IN /FFICE "ULGARIAN &OREIGN -INISTER 3OLOMON 0ASSY HAS OUTLINED SOME BOLD IDEAS FOR CHANGING THE /3#% /UR RESPONSIBILITY IT SEEMS TO ME IS TO CONSIDER THEM CAREFULLY TO BE SURE THAT WHATEVER WE DECIDE TO DO DOES INDEED STRENGTHEN THE /RGANIZATION AND FURTHERS ITS IDEALS 4HIS WILL REQUIRE LOTS OF TIME THOUGHT AND NEGO TIATION )N WHAT DIRECTION WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE THE /3#% DEVELOP BOTH POLITICALLY AND ORGANIZATIONALLY (OW DO YOU SEE THE FUTURE OF THE #HAIRMANSHIP THE 3ECRETARY 'ENERAL AND CONSENSUS DECISION MAKING 7E BELIEVE THE /3#% MEETS A PROFOUND NEED IN ITS PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY HUMAN RIGHTS GOOD GOVERNANCE AND ARMS CONTROL 4HE MOST IMPORTANT CONFLICT PREVENTION AND CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES WE CAN UNDER TAKE ARE ESTABLISHING DEMOCRACY AND MARKET ECONOMIES FOSTERING SECURITY AND PROMOTING AND PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS 4HE JOB OF PERFECTING DEMOCRACY AND ACHIEVING SECURITY IS FAR FROM FINISHED #ONFLICTS ARE NOW OCCURRING IN %URASIA 4ERRORISM AFFLICTS ALL OF US )NTOLERANCE ABOUNDS 3OME ELECTIONS ARE NEITHER FREE NOR FAIR 4HIS IS WHERE /3#% S PRINCIPAL CHAL LENGES ARE )F WE WERE TO RE CREATE THE /3#% TODAY NONE OF US MIGHT REPLICATE ITS CURRENT ORGANI ZATIONAL STRUCTURE EXACTLY "UT ) THINK WE WOULD REPLICATE SOME OF ITS CENTRAL FEATURES ! ROTATING CHAIRMANSHIP BREATHES NEW ENER
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GY AND POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY INTO THE /3#% EVERY YEAR 4HE CONSENSUS RULE ENSURES THAT WHAT WE ALL AGREE UPON WILL STAND THE TEST OF TIME 4HE FIELD PRESENCES ENSURE THAT THE /3#% S WORK IS OPERATIONAL PRACTICAL AND RELEVANT 4HE /FFICE FOR $EMOCRATIC )NSTITUTIONS AND (UMAN 2IGHTS /$)(2 AND THE 3ECRETARIAT PROVIDE EXPERTISE ORGANIZATIONAL CONTINUITY AND THE CAPABILITY TO TRANSFORM DIALOGUE INTO ACTION 3PECIAL 2EPRESENTATIVES CALL POLITICAL ATTENTION TO URGENT ISSUES !RE THERE CONTROVERSIES OVER SOME OF THE /3#% S OPERATIONS /F COURSE )F THERE WEREN T THEN THE /RGANIZATION WOULD NOT BE DOING ITS JOB 7ITH THE TERM OF !MBASSADOR *ÉN +UBIÝ COMING TO AN END THERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF DISCUSSION ABOUT WHETHER AND HOW THE ROLE OF THE 3ECRETARY 'ENERAL SHOULD OR COULD BE CHANGED 4HIS IS AN IMPORTANT AND SERIOUS ISSUE THAT MY 'OVERNMENT IS CONSIDERING CAREFULLY !ND THE FUTURE OF THE SYSTEM OF SHORT TERM SECONDMENTS TO FIELD MISSIONS 4HE SECONDMENT SYSTEM FILLS AN IMPORTANT ROLE NAMELY SUPPLEMENTING A UNIFIED BUDGET THAT HAS LONG BEEN INSUFFICIENT TO MEET THE CORE NEEDS OF THE /RGANIZATION 4HAT SAID ) BELIEVE IT S TIME TO RE EVALUATE THE DURA TION OF THESE SHORT TERM APPOINTMENTS )N THE PAST FIVE YEARS ESPECIALLY THE /3#% HAS BECOME MUCH MORE OF A CONFLICT PREVENTION AND POST CONFLICT STABILIZATION ORGANIZATION AND MUCH LESS OF A CRISIS RESPONSE OPERATION 4HE SIX MONTH CONTRACTS FOR FIELD PERSON NEL WERE INITIALLY ESTABLISHED BECAUSE THESE PEOPLE WERE LARGELY RESPONDING TO CRISES 7ITH THE EVOLUTION OF FIELD WORK TOWARD LONGER TERM CONFLICT PREVENTION AND CONFI DENCE BUILDING SIX MONTH CONTRACTS MAY BE A DISADVANTAGE AS THEY TEND TO HINDER ANY SUSTAINED ACTIVITY AND MAY BE AN OBSTACLE TO RECRUITING THE BEST TALENT )T MIGHT BE TIME TO DESIGNATE APPLICABLE JOBS IN THE FIELD PRES ENCES AS LONGER TERM POSITIONS AND FILL THEM FOR MONTHS AT A TIME 4HIS WOULD IMPROVE EFFECTIVENESS WITHOUT LOSING ANY REAL FLEX IBILITY 3OME COMMENTATORS IN THE 5NITED 3TATES HAVE BEEN CRITICAL OF 7ASHINGTON S DECISION TO INVITE /$)(2 TO OBSERVE THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION (OW WOULD YOU RESPOND &IRST AND FOREMOST ) WOULD SAY THAT THE 5NITED 3TATES TAKES ITS /3#% COMMITMENTS SERIOUSLY IN LINE WITH THESE WE ARE OBLIGAT ED TO INVITE /3#% OBSERVERS 7E CAN HARDLY EXPECT OTHER PARTICIPATING 3TATES TO ABIDE BY THEIR COMMITMENTS TO THE /RGANIZATION IF WE DO NOT ABIDE BY OURS )T S AS SIMPLE AS THAT
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3ECOND ELECTION OBSERVATION IN ESTAB LISHED DEMOCRACIES PROVIDES INVALUABLE EXPERIENCE TO MONITORS WHO MIGHT NOT HAVE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO SEE HOW COUNTRIES WITH LONG TRADITIONS OF FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS ORGANIZE ELECTION CAMPAIGNS VOTING AND TABULATION AND HOW THEY RESOLVE DISPUTES WHETHER AT THE POLLING STATION OR THROUGH WELL ESTABLISHED INSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES ) VE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO TALK TO PUB LIC OFFICIALS WHO VE VISITED 6IENNA TO LEARN ABOUT CITY ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING FOR EXAMPLE AND THEY WERE EFFUSIVE IN THEIR PRAISE FOR ON SITE VISITS NOTING THAT ONE CAN LEARN MORE ABOUT HOW A SYSTEM REALLY WORKS BY A SHORT PERSONAL VISIT THAN FROM MONTHS OF READING ABOUT IT 7HEN IT COMES TO ELEC TION OBSERVATION IN THE 5NITED 3TATES WE HAVE NOTHING TO HIDE )N FACT WE ARE PROUD OF WHAT WE HAVE TO OFFER AND BELIEVE OTHERS CAN LEARN FROM IT (OW WOULD YOU RESPOND TO SUGGESTIONS FROM SOME PARTICIPATING 3TATES THAT THE /3#% APPLIES DOUBLE STANDARDS AND THAT THERE IS A GEOGRAPHIC AND THEMATIC IMBALANCE IN ITS ACTIVITIES !S THE !MBASSADOR OF A COUNTRY THAT IS FREQUENTLY ON THE RECEIVING END OF CRITICAL INTERVENTIONS IN THE 0ERMANENT #OUNCIL ) CANNOT AGREE THAT THE /3#% APPLIES DOUBLE STANDARDS 0ARTICIPATING 3TATES MAY VOICE CONCERNS ABOUT POLICIES AND PRACTICES THAT WORRY THEM OR THAT ARE NOT IN COMPLI ANCE WITH /3#% COMMITMENTS 4HAT IS A FUNDAMENTAL PRIVILEGE THAT HAS ALSO BEEN REAFFIRMED IN NUMEROUS /3#% DOCUMENTS NOT THE LEAST OF WHICH IS THE #HARTER ON %UROPEAN 3ECURITY 7HERE THE /3#% CONCENTRATES ITS ATTEN TION AND IN WHAT SUBSTANTIVE AREAS IS A FUNCTION OF NEED )T IS DEMAND DRIVEN BECAUSE 3TATES HOSTING /3#% FIELD PRESENCES ARE INVOLVED IN REQUESTING AND APPROVING /3#% ACTIVITIES ON THEIR TERRITORY 4HE /3#% THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF ITS FIELD PRESENCES AND ITS BODIES AND INSTITUTIONS HELPS COUN TRIES MAKE THE TRANSITION FROM COMMAND TO MARKET ECONOMIES FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY FROM RIGGED ELECTIONS TO DEMO CRATIC ELECTIONS FROM AN OFFICIAL PRESS TO AN INDEPENDENT PRESS 4HE /3#% ALSO HELPS TRANSFORM STATE INSTITUTIONS SUCH AS THE POLICE AND THE COURTS FROM BODIES THAT PROTECT THE 3TATE TO BODIES THAT PROTECT THE CONSTITUTION AND THE PEOPLE )T IS A HUGE UNDERTAKING BUT A NECES SARY ONE FOR EMERGING DEMOCRACIES TO SHED THE LEGACY OF HALF A CENTURY OR MORE OF THWARTED ECONOMIC AND DEMOCRATIC DEVELOP MENT AND MOVE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE INTO THE INCREASINGLY INTEGRATED INTERNATIONAL
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COMMUNITY AND GLOBAL MARKET (ELPING WITH THIS TRANSITION IS PART OF THE /3#% S FUNDA MENTAL CONTRIBUTION TO COMPREHENSIVE SECU RITY AS IT HAS BEEN SINCE ) HAVE HEARD COMPLAINTS THAT INSUFFI CIENT ATTENTION IS DEVOTED TO THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION AND THE POLITICAL MILITARY DIMENSION ,ET S LOOK AT THE RECORD 3INCE ) HAVE BEEN IN 6IENNA THE SECOND DIMENSION HAS BEEN STRENGTH ENED BOTH IN TERMS OF BUDGET AND STAFF IN THE 3ECRETARIAT ,AST YEAR WE ADOPTED THE 3TRATEGY $OCUMENT DESIGNED TO ADDRESS SOME OF THE MOST PRESSING PROBLEMS FAC ING TRANSITION ECONOMIES 3TILL WHAT ) HAVE SEEN IN MY THREE YEARS HERE IS THAT AMONG SOME PARTICIPATING 3TATES THERE IS A STUNNING UNWILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT THE FACT THAT MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE IT IS DOMESTIC POLICIES AND PRACTICES THAT ARE BLOCKING ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT 4HIS WAS RECOGNIZED IN THE PREPARATION OF THE 3TRATEGY $OCUMENT AND IS THE REASON WHY THERE IS A STRONG FOCUS ON GOOD GOVERN ANCE %XPERT AFTER EXPERT AT ECONOMIC DIMEN SION SEMINARS AND AT THE ANNUAL ECONOMIC FORUM TELLS US THAT GOVERNANCE PROBLEMS ARE KEEPING COUNTRIES FROM ACHIEVING THE BENEFITS OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND GLO BALIZATION 4HE PROBLEMS INCLUDE LACK OF TRANSPARENCY IN CONTRACTING LEGAL REQUIRE MENTS THAT BENEFIT FRIENDS AND FAMILIES OF THOSE IN POWER THE ABSENCE OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST REGULATIONS LACK OF AN IMPARTIAL AND INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY ONEROUS REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS AND LAWS AND PRACTICES THAT HINDER RATHER THAN FACILITATE BUSINESS DEVEL OPMENT AND EXPANSION TO SAY NOTHING OF OUTRIGHT GRAFT AND CORRUPTION 4HIS IS A HARD MESSAGE FOR GOVERNMENTS TO HEAR AND THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESS IS NEITHER EASY NOR PAINLESS ) STRONGLY BELIEVE THAT THE /3#% IS HERE TO HELP GOVERNMENTS WITH THIS PROCESS )T IS IN OUR COLLECTIVE INTER EST IN BUILDING SECURITY FOR ALL /3#% PARTICI PATING 3TATES TO MOVE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE TO CONSOLIDATE DEMOCRACY AND BUILD MARKET ECONOMIES IN SHORT TO COME INTO FULL COM PLIANCE WITH BASIC /3#% COMMITMENTS 7E HAVE HIGH EXPECTATIONS BECAUSE WE HAVE HIGH HOPES 3IMILARLY IN THE POLITICAL MILITARY DIMEN SION THE RECORD SHOWS THAT WE HAVE STRENGTHENED THIS DIMENSION CONSIDER ABLY OVER THE PAST YEARS )N THE &ORUM FOR 3ECURITY AND #O OPERATION &3# WE ARE COLLECTIVELY DESTROYING EXCESS AMMUNITION RESTRICTING TRANSFERS OF SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS AND CONTROLLING SHOULDER FIRED MIS SILES OR -!.0!$3 3EVERAL PARTICIPATING
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3TATES NOTABLY MY OWN HAVE CONTRIBUTED MANY MILLIONS OF EUROS TOWARD THESE GOALS INCLUDING FUNDS THAT ARE STILL AVAILABLE TO OFFSET THE COSTS OF REMOVING EXCESS MILITARY EQUIPMENT FROM -OLDOVA 7E HAVE CREATED THE !NNUAL 3ECURITY 2EVIEW #ONFERENCE WHERE WE CONCEN TRATE ON OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE SECURITY THROUGHOUT THE /3#% REGION 4HE /3#% HAS EXTENDED THE 7ASSENAAR !RRANGEMENT ON -!.0!$3 TO ALL PARTICIPATING 3TATES 7E HAVE DRAMATICALLY ENHANCED OUR CONTRIBUTION TO FIGHTING TERRORISM AN AREA WHERE ) BELIEVE WE COULD DO EVEN MORE TOGETHER 7HERE THE /3#% HAS BEEN LESS SUCCESSFUL ˆ FOR EXAM PLE IN RESOLVING THE SO CALLED FROZEN CON FLICTS ˆ IT HAS NOT BEEN FOR A LACK OF INTEREST OR EFFORT ON THE PART OF THE /3#% (AS THE /3#% OUTLIVED ITS USEFULNESS NOW THAT .!4/ AND THE %UROPEAN 5NION ARE ENLARGING !BSOLUTELY NOT 1UITE TO THE CONTRARY )N FACT CHANGES IN THE %URO !TLANTIC SECURITY ARCHITECTURE MAKE THE /3#% EVEN MORE IMPORTANT THAN BEFORE TO MANY COUNTRIES PARTICULARLY THOSE THAT DO NOT BELONG TO .!4/ OR THE %5 9OU ONLY HAVE TO LOOK AT THE /3#% S WORK ON COUNTER TERRORISM TO SEE HOW USEFUL IT IS AND HOW QUICKLY AND EFFECTIVELY THE /3#% ADAPTED TO THE CHANGING POLITICAL AND SECU RITY ENVIRONMENT IN THE POST 3EPTEMBER WORLD )N BARELY THREE MONTHS THE /3#% PRODUCED THE "UCHAREST 0LAN OF !CTION FOR #OMBATING 4ERRORISM /3#% BODIES THEN QUICKLY PRODUCED THEIR OWN ROADMAPS OUTLINING HOW THEY WOULD GO ABOUT THEIR "UCHAREST TASKINGS )N *ULY /3#% PARTICIPATING 3TATES COMMITTED THEMSELVES TO COMPLETING THE &INANCIAL !CTION 4ASK &ORCE SELF ASSESSMENTS ON COMPLIANCE WITH ANTI TERRORIST FINANCING MEASURES 4HIS STARTED WORK THAT CONTINUES TO THIS DAY ON COMBATING TERRORIST FINANCING AND MONEY LAUNDERING ENHANCING 3TATES ABILITIES TO DETECT AND DETER ILLEGAL FINANCIAL FLOWS -OST RECENTLY WE AGREED TO FOCUS ON MAKING SURE THAT .'/S AND CHARITY GROUPS ARE NOT MISUSED BY TERRORISTS AND OTHER CRIMINALS 4HE DECISION ON TRAVEL DOCUMENT SECURITY AGREED IN -AASTRICHT IN $ECEMBER WILL SIGNIFICANTLY IMPEDE THE ABILITY OF TERRORISTS AND CRIMINALS TO MOVE ABOUT THE WORLD UNDETECTED 4HE /3#% 3ECRETARIAT NOW HAS A FULLY FUNCTIONING !CTION !GAINST 4ERRORISM 5NIT WHICH IS HELPING THE /3#% SET THE STANDARD FOR WHAT A REGIONAL ORGANIZATION CAN DO TO ADDRESS THE MULTI FACETED THREAT OF TERRORISM /N A POLITICAL LEVEL THE /3#% BROUGHT !FGHANISTAN INTO THE FOLD MAKING IT A
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0ARTNER FOR #O OPERATION IN !PRIL 4HAT PAVED THE WAY FOR JOINT ACTIVITIES AND CON FIDENCE AND SECURITY BUILDING MEASURES AIMED AT HELPING !FGHANISTAN IN ITS OWN EFFORTS TO MAKE THE TRANSITION TO PEACE AND STABILITY 4HIS IS ESSENTIAL FOR PEACE AND STA BILITY THROUGHOUT A REGION THAT ENCOMPASSES SEVERAL /3#% PARTICIPATING 3TATES 4HE /3#% PROVIDED !FGHANISTAN WITH AN ELECTION SUP PORT TEAM AT ITS /CTOBER POLLS 4HE /3#% IS DOING TREMENDOUS WORK IN 'EORGIA AND -OLDOVA ON EARLY WARNING AND CONFLICT PREVENTION LARGELY THROUGH ITS FIELD PRESENCES 4HE FACT THAT CONTENTIOUS PROB LEMS IN 3OUTH /SSETIA AND 4RANSDNIESTRIA ARE BEING DEALT WITH THROUGH NEGOTIATIONS AND HAVE NOT LED TO OPEN CONFLICT IS TESTIMONY TO THE CRITICAL WORK THAT /3#% FIELD PRESENCES PERFORM 7HAT IS YOUR REACTION TO RECENT COMMENTS ON THE FUTURE OF THE /3#% FROM THE LEADERS OF MANY MEMBERS OF THE #OMMONWEALTH OF )NDEPENDENT 3TATES #)3 ) VERY MUCH WELCOME THE ENGAGEMENT OF (EADS OF 3TATE AND 'OVERNMENT OF SEVERAL #)3 COUNTRIES IN THE FUTURE OF THE /3#% )T DEMONSTRATES THAT WHAT THE /3#% DOES IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THESE AND MANY OTHER COUNTRIES AS IT IS TO MINE 4HE 5NITED 3TATES IS ALWAYS WILLING TO ENGAGE IN CONSTRUCTIVE DISCUSSION WITH PARTICIPATING 3TATES ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE /3#% ON WAYS TO IMPROVE IT AND ON ENSURING THAT THE /3#% IS IMPORTANT TO PARTICIPATING 3TATES BOTH INDI VIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY !S ) VE SAID REGARDING RECENT ACTIVITY IN THE POLITICAL MILITARY AND ECONOMIC DIMEN SIONS ) DISAGREE WITH THE CLAIM THAT THERE IS A FUNDAMENTAL IMBALANCE IN THE /3#% S WORK -Y 'OVERNMENT IS AND WILL REMAIN A LEADER IN PROPOSING MORE CONCRETE ACTIVITIES IN THOSE AREAS .OR DO ) BELIEVE IN THE LEAST THAT FIELD ACTIVITIES ARE INEFFECTIVE )NDEED ) ALWAYS HEAR DURING MY MANY VISITS TO COUNTRIES THAT HOST FIELD ACTIVITIES INCLUD ING COUNTRIES OF THE #)3 JUST HOW HELPFUL THEY CAN BE !ND THOSE COMMENTS COME FROM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS .'/S AND PRIVATE CITIZENS .EVERTHELESS ) WELCOME THE OPPOR TUNITY TO DISCUSS HOW THE /3#% CAN DO AN EVEN BETTER JOB IN ALL THESE AREAS 7HAT TROUBLED ME MORE IN THE STATEMENTS WAS THE EXTRAORDINARY RE EMERGENCE FOR THE FIRST TIME IN MANY YEARS OF A CRITICISM THAT PARTICIPATING 3TATES HAVE REPEATEDLY AGREED TO LAY TO REST THAT OF INTERFERENCE IN INTER NAL AFFAIRS )N FACT ) HAD TO READ IT TWICE TO BE SURE ) WAS READING IT RIGHT THAT S HOW SURPRISING IT WAS !NY DISCUSSION OF THE /3#% S FUNDAMEN
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TAL DOCUMENTS MUST INCLUDE WHAT 3TATES ACTUALLY COMMITTED THEMSELVES TO IN THE #HARTER FOR %UROPEAN 3ECURITY AND THE -OSCOW $OCUMENT 4HE FORMER SAYS h0ARTICIPATING 3TATES ARE ACCOUNTABLE TO THEIR CITIZENS AND RESPONSIBLE TO EACH OTHER FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION OF THEIR /3#% COM MITMENTS 7E REGARD THESE COMMITMENTS AS OUR COMMON ACHIEVEMENT AND THEREFORE CONSIDER THEM TO BE MATTERS OF IMMEDIATE AND LEGITIMATE CONCERN TO ALL PARTICIPATING 3TATES v 4HIS LANGUAGE BUILT UPON THE -OSCOW $OCUMENT WHICH SAYS h4HE PARTICIPAT ING 3TATES EMPHASIZE THAT ISSUES RELATING TO HUMAN RIGHTS FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS DEMOCRACY AND THE RULE OF LAW ARE OF INTER NATIONAL CONCERN AS RESPECT FOR THESE RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS CONSTITUTES ONE OF THE FOUN DATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORDER 4HEY CATEGORICALLY AND IRREVOCABLY DECLARE THAT THE COMMITMENTS UNDERTAKEN IN THE FIELD OF THE HUMAN DIMENSION OF THE #3#% ARE MATTERS OF DIRECT AND LEGITIMATE CONCERN TO ALL PARTICIPATING 3TATES AND DO NOT BELONG EXCLUSIVELY TO THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE 3TATE CONCERNED v #ONCERN EXPRESSED ABOUT 3TATES PRAC TICES THAT VIOLATE /3#% COMMITMENTS IS NOT THEREFORE AN EXAMPLE OF MEDDLING IN INTERNAL AFFAIRS RATHER IT REFLECTS WHAT THE #HARTER FOR %UROPEAN 3ECURITY AND THE -OSCOW $OCUMENT SAY THE /3#% SHOULD BE DOING 7E NOW FIND OURSELVES IN THE MIDST OF A VERY ACTIVE PERIOD OF ELECTIONS IN MANY /3#% COUNTRIES ) THINK THAT /3#% PARTICI PATING 3TATES CAN AGREE THAT WE ALL ASPIRE TO CONDUCTING TRULY FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS )N THE /$)(2 WE HAVE TOGETHER OVER THE YEARS ESTABLISHED THE WORLD S STRONGEST INSTI TUTION FOR OBSERVING ELECTIONS AND HELPING TO IMPROVE THEM 4HAT S WHAT THE /3#% IS AND SHOULD BE DOING TO SERVE OUR COLLECTIVE INTER EST IN COMPREHENSIVE SECURITY -Ìi« > Ê °Ê iÃÊ>ÃÃÕ i`Ê ÃÊ« ÃÌÊ>ÃÊÌ iÊ 1 Ìi`Ê-Ì>ÌiÃ½Ê L>ÃÃ>` ÀÊÌ ÊÌ iÊ"- Ê Ê
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DEFENDING FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND COM MUNICATION PROVIDED THAT ONLINE CONTENT DOES NOT BREAK THE LAW )N &RANCE AS IN MOST COUNTRIES IN THE %UROPEAN 5NION THE SPREAD OF RACIST PROPAGANDA IS PROHIBITED BY LAW 4HERE DID NOT SEEM TO BE ANY CLEAR CONSENSUS AMONG THE PARTICIPANTS ON HOW TO APPROACH THE PROBLEM ) M AFRAID ) HAVE TO DISAGREE WITH YOU THERE )T IS TRUE THAT THE ISSUE IS STILL OPEN TO DEBATE BUT THERE WAS A GENERAL FEELING THAT PROGRESS HAD BEEN MADE &OR EXAMPLE WE ALL AGREED ON THE IMPORTANCE OF RAIS ING THE AWARENESS OF ALL PARTIES CONCERNED ESPECIALLY ON THE NEED TO COUNTER THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF CYBER HATE ON CHILDREN 0ARTICIPANTS WERE UNANIMOUS IN THEIR VIEW THAT THE EFFORTS OF CIVIL SOCIETY TO MONITOR HATE SITES SHOULD BE SUPPORTED AND THAT THE POSSIBLE CORRELATION BETWEEN RACIST PROPAGANDA AND HATE CRIMES NEEDS FURTHER ANALYSIS 4HEY ALSO AGREED THAT DYNAMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE )NTERNET INDUSTRY SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED ESPECIALLY IN MATTERS CONCERNING THE TERMS OF USE DRAWN UP BY )NTERNET SERVICE PROVID ERS TO REGULATE ACCESS AND UPLOADING OF INDI VIDUAL CONTENT TO HOST COMPUTERS 'OVERNMENTS HAVE A KEY ROLE TO PLAY IN SUPPORTING THESE MEASURES )N ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL LAWS AND INTERNATIONAL COM MITMENTS SUCH AS THE #OUNCIL OF %UROPE S #ONVENTION ON #YBERCRIME GOVERNMENTS
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ARE CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF SET TING UP PROPER MECHANISMS AND TRAINING PUBLIC SERVANTS TO INVESTIGATE AND PROSECUTE THREATS OF VIOLENCE TRANSMITTED OVER THE )NTERNET 4HE %UROPEAN 5NION ITSELF HAS LAUNCHED A FOUR YEAR PROGRAMME 3AFER )NTERNET 0LUS TO COMBAT ONLINE CHILD PORNOGRAPHY RAC ISM SPAM AND OTHER ILLEGAL CONTENT 4HE INITIATIVE AIMED AT MAKING THE )NTERNET SAFER FOR CHILDREN WILL MOBILIZE THE EFFORTS OF THE PUBLIC PRIVATE AND VOLUNTARY SECTORS !S FOR THE /3#% S ROLE IT IS WIDELY ACKNOWLEDGED THAT ONE OF OUR STRONG QUALI TIES IS OUR ABILITY TO CO OPERATE CLOSELY WITH CIVIL SOCIETY WHICH IS A CLEAR ADVANTAGE IN TACKLING INTOLERANCE AND DISCRIMINATION ISSUES )N THIS CONNECTION ) D LIKE TO COMMEND THE TIMELY EFFORTS OF THE /3#% S /FFICE FOR $EMOCRATIC )NSTITUTIONS AND (UMAN 2IGHTS /$)(2 IN IMPLEMENTING ITS TASKS STEM MING FROM THE -AASTRICHT $ECISION ON 4OLERANCE AND .ON $ISCRIMINATION THE "ERLIN $ECISION ON THE &IGHT AGAINST !NTI 3EMITISM AND NOW THE 0ARIS RECOM MENDATIONS !MONG SEVERAL INITIATIVES THE /$)(2 WILL COMPILE BEST PRACTICES IN COMBATING THE DISSEMINATION OF HATE CRIMES ONLINE AS WELL AS LISTS OF OFFENSIVE SITES 3IMILARLY THE /3#% S /FFICE OF THE 2EPRESENTATIVE ON &REEDOM OF THE -EDIA IS MAKING A DECISIVE CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS MAKING THE PHENOMENON OF CYBER HATE BETTER UNDERSTOOD &RANCE STRONGLY ADVOCATES REINFORCING THE ONGOING CO OPERATION BETWEEN THESE TWO /3#% INSTITUTIONS AS A CONCRETE FOLLOW UP TO THE 0ARIS MEETING #OULD YOU DESCRIBE THE SPECIAL INITIATIVES PRO POSED BY &RANCE INCLUDING THE #HARTE ÏTHIQUE /N THE DAY BEFORE THE 0ARIS MEETING THE &RENCH )NTERNET INDUSTRY AND THE -INISTRY OF )NDUSTRY SIGNED VOLUNTARILY A
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CHARTER OF GOOD PRACTICES FOCUSING ON THE PROBLEM OF CYBER HATE AMONG OTHER RELATED ISSUES 4HE CHARTER STIPULATES THAT WHEN )NTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS ARE ALERTED TO ILLEGAL CONTENT THEY SHOULD REMOVE THE PROBLEMATIC SITES ,ET ME JUST ADD THAT THE &RENCH )NTERNET INDUSTRY HAS BEEN CONSISTENTLY PRO ACTIVE FOR QUITE SOME TIME NOW IN COMBATING ILLEGAL CONTENT ONLINE AS SEEN IN ITS CLOSE INVOLVEMENT IN ).(/0% THE !SSOCIATION OF )NTERNET (OTLINE 0ROVIDERS 4HIS NETWORK OF MEMBERS IN COUNTRIES RECEIVES AND PROCESSES REPORTS FROM THE PUBLIC WITH A VIEW TO BANNING ILLEGAL MATERIAL FROM THE )NTERNET 'IVEN THE INTERNATIONAL AND TRANSBOUNDARY NATURE OF THE )NTERNET DO YOU THINK &RANCE S hLEGALISTICv APPROACH IS EFFECTIVE 9OU HAVE ZEROED IN ON THE CRUCIAL ISSUE &RANCE JUST LIKE MOST COUNTRIES OF THE %UROPEAN 5NION PROHIBITS HATE SPEECH )T IS PRECISELY THE )NTERNET S TRANSBOUNDARY NATURE WHICH MAKES CO ORDINATION OF EFFORTS ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL SINCE HATE SITES CAN USE OR RATHER MISUSE OPPORTUNITIES PRE SENTED BY DIVERSE LEGAL TRADITIONS OR GAPS IN SPECIFIC LEGAL PROVISIONS )N OTHER WORDS IT IS FAIRLY EASY FOR HATE SITES TO MOVE AROUND FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY FROM PROVIDER TO PROVIDER DEPENDING ON WHERE IT IS EASIEST FOR THEM TO SPREAD THEIR INFLAMMATORY MESSAGES $OESN T THE LEGAL APPROACH IMPLY RESTRICTING FREE DOM OF EXPRESSION AND STIFLING THE MEDIA ) REALLY DON T SEE ANY CONTRADICTION PROVIDED THE NECESSARY SAFEGUARDS ARE ENSURED &REEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND THE MEDIA ARE IN FACT LEGALLY PROTECTED IN MOST /3#% COUNTRIES 7HAT IS ACTUALLY AT STAKE HERE IS THE BASIC ISSUE OF REGULATING CONTENT ON THE )NTERNET WHETHER THERE SHOULD BE REGULATION AND IF YES WHETHER THIS REGULA TION SHOULD BE EXERCISED BY THE GOVERN
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MENT BY THE INDUSTRY ITSELF OR BOTH )T SEEMS TO ME THAT AT THE MEETING THERE WAS A BROAD CONSENSUS ON THE NEED TO FOL LOW CLOSELY THE ONGOING DEBATES ON THIS SPECIFIC ISSUE WITH A VIEW TO ARRIVING AT AN UNDERSTANDING ON POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS 7HAT KIND OF SELF REGULATORY MEASURES CAN THE )NTERNET INDUSTRY TAKE ON 7E CANNOT EXPECT THE )NTERNET INDUSTRY TO DO EVERYTHING ON ITS OWN 4HIS COULD EVEN PROVE DANGEROUS AS IT WOULD BE SHIFT ING TO THE INDUSTRY THE RESPONSIBILITY OF APPLYING A NEW KIND OF CENSORSHIP 7E WOULD PREFER PROMOTING NEW PARTNERSHIPS BASED ON A DYNAMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN ALL ACTORS INVOLVED ESPECIALLY BETWEEN .'/S AND THE )NTERNET INDUSTRY
%DUCATION IS ONE OF THE PRIORITY THEMES UNDER THE "ULGARIAN /3#% #HAIRMANSHIP (OW RELEVANT IS THIS TO THE PROBLEM OF RACIST MATERIAL ON THE )NTERNET AND HATE CRIMES %DUCATION IS THE KEY WORD THE EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE THE EDUCATION OF PARENTS AND THE EDUCATION OF TEACHERS 7E SHOULD DO OUR UTMOST TO PROVIDE OUR CHILDREN WITH TOOLS THEY CAN USE TO PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM RACIST LITERATURE AND WE SHOULD GIVE PARENTS ACCESS TO FILTERING DEVICES AND SOFT WARE AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS WHICH THEY CAN USE TO PROTECT THEIR CHILDREN FROM HARMFUL CONTACT WITH SITES DISSEMINATING HATE AND INTOLERANCE
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HE 'OVERNMENT OF THE 5NITED 3TATES DEPLORES RACIST XENOPHOBIC AND ANTI 3EMITIC SPEECH ON THE )NTERNET )N OUR EFFORTS TO COMBAT INTOLERANCE HOWEVER IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WE DO NOT LOSE SIGHT OF THE FOREST FOR THE TREES 4HE DEVELOPMENT OF THE )NTERNET REPRESENTS AN ENORMOUS STEP FORWARD IN THE HISTORY OF COMMUNICATIONS AND HOLDS SIGNIFICANT PROMISE FOR A WIDE RANGE OF HUMAN ENDEAVOURS !MONG OTHER ATTRIBUTES THE )NTERNET EMPOWERS INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS BOTH BY PUTTING AN AMAZING ARRAY OF KNOWLEDGE AT THEIR FINGERTIPS AND BY GIV ING THEM A FAR GREATER ABILITY TO VOICE THEIR VIEWS AND ULTIMATELY INFLUENCE PUBLIC DEBATE )T IS THEREFORE THE POLICY OF THE 5NITED 3TATES TO PROMOTE THE CONTINUED DEVELOP MENT OF THE )NTERNET AND THE EXPANSION OF
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ACCESS TO IT 7E ALSO BELIEVE THAT TO REALIZE THE FULL POTENTIAL OF THE )NTERNET GOVERN MENT REGULATION MUST BE KEPT TO A MINI MUM AND THE FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS OF SPEECH EXPRESSION AND THE PRESS MUST BE RESPECTED 2OBUST DEBATE LIES AT THE CORNER STONE OF OUR CONSTITUTIONAL TRADITION AND WE BELIEVE THAT ALL INDIVIDUALS MUST BE PERMIT TED TO ADD THEIR VOICES TO THAT DEBATE 7HILE WE MAY NOT LIKE WHAT EVERY PARTICIPANT CHOOSES TO SAY DEMOCRACY IS PREMISED AT LEAST IN PART ON THE NOTION THAT THE BEST VIEWPOINTS WILL ULTIMATELY WIN OUT IN THE MARKETPLACE OF IDEAS -OREOVER ONCE GOVERNMENT IS GIVEN THE POWER TO RESTRICT SPEECH IT DISAGREES WITH WHERE DOES ONE DRAW THE LINE 7HILE ALL PARTICIPATING 3TATES NO DOUBT CONDEMN RAC ISM XENOPHOBIA AND ANTI 3EMITISM GRANT ING GOVERNMENTS THE AUTHORITY TO SUPPRESS SPEECH THAT THEY DISAGREE WITH PUTS AT RISK
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THE RIGHT TO FREE SPEECH OF ALL INDIVIDUALS HOLDING UNPOPULAR VIEWPOINTS 7E ARE CON CERNED FOR INSTANCE THAT LAWS RESTRICTING HATE SPEECH MAY BE HIJACKED AND USED BY GOVERNMENTS AS A GUISE FOR SILENCING OPPO SITION VOICES )N ADDITION THERE IS SOCIAL VALUE IN ALLOWING THOSE HOLDING INTOLERANT VIEWS TO EXPRESS THEIR OPINIONS AND IDEAS FREELY 7HILE IT IS CERTAINLY POSSIBLE TO PUNISH THOSE ENGAGING IN BIAS MOTIVATED EXPRES SION SUCH MEASURES ONLY ADDRESS PARTICULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF PREJUDICE THEY OBVI OUSLY DO NOT ELIMINATE THE PREJUDICE ITSELF !ND SO LONG AS INDIVIDUALS HOLD BIASED OR PREJUDICED VIEWS IT IS IN SOCIETY S INTEREST TO KNOW THAT FACT SO THAT WE MAY CONFRONT THOSE EMBRACING INTOLERANCE BY ADDRESSING THEIR FALSEHOODS DIRECTLY /UR EXPERIENCE IN THE 5NITED 3TATES DEMONSTRATES THAT RESPECTING THE FREEDOMS OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION ON THE ONE HAND AND COMBATING PREJUDICE ON THE OTHER HAND ARE NOT MUTUALLY CONFLICTING GOALS INDEED WE BELIEVE THEY GO HAND IN HAND 4HE 5NITED 3TATES TODAY IS A MUCH MORE TOLERANT SOCIETY THAN IT WAS YEARS AGO 3IGNIFICANTLY THIS PROGRESS HAS OCCURRED DURING A PERIOD WHEN FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION WAS STEADILY BROADENED )NDEED SOME OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT 5 3 3UPREME #OURT DECISIONS OF THIS ERA THAT AIMED TO EXPAND FREEDOM OF SPEECH WORKED TO THE ADVANTAGE OF THOSE IN THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT WHO WERE STRUGGLING TO BRING ABOUT RACIAL EQUALITY 4HESE ARE THE REASONS WHY THE 5NITED 3TATES BELIEVES THAT GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO REGULATE BIAS MOTIVATED SPEECH ON THE )NTERNET ARE FUNDAMENTALLY MISTAKEN 7E ALSO BELIEVE HOWEVER THAT THERE ARE AREAS WHERE PARTICIPATING 3TATES AND .'/S SHOULD TAKE ACTION TO COMBAT RACISM XENOPHOBIA AND ANTI 3EMITISM ON THE )NTERNET X &IRSTLY IN THEIR EFFORTS TO COMBAT CYBER HATE PARTICIPATING 3TATES AND .'/S SHOULD FOCUS ON CHILDREN BOTH BY DEVELOPING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES AND BY ENCOURAG ING PARENTS TO EXERCISE GREATER SUPERVISION AND CONTROL OVER THEIR CHILDREN S USE OF THE )NTERNET THROUGH THE USE OF FILTERS FOR EXAMPLE
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X 3ECONDLY MORE STUDY IS NEEDED OF THE NATURE OF THE RELATIONSHIP IF THERE IS ONE BETWEEN HATE SPEECH ON THE )NTERNET AND BIAS MOTIVATED CRIME X 4HIRD WE MUST RECOGNIZE THE IMPORTANT ROLE THAT SHOULD BE PLAYED BY .'/S AND INDUSTRY GROUPS 0RIVATE ORGANIZATIONS PER FORM A VALUABLE SERVICE BY MONITORING RAC IST XENOPHOBIC AND ANTI 3EMITIC EXPRESSION ON THE )NTERNET AND THESE GROUPS SHOULD SHARE INFORMATION REGULARLY )N PARTICULAR .'/S ARE VERY EFFECTIVE AT ALERTING )NTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS TO HATE SPEECH WHICH OFTEN VIOLATES h4ERMS OF 3ERVICEv CLAUSES THAT PROHIBIT INTOLERANT MATERIAL X !ND FINALLY THE 5NITED 3TATES AGREES THAT GOVERNMENTS THEMSELVES MUST TAKE CERTAIN STEPS TO ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM 0ARTICIPATING 3TATES FOR EXAMPLE SHOULD INVESTIGATE AND WHERE APPROPRIATE PROS ECUTE THREATS OF VIOLENCE TRANSMITTED OVER THE )NTERNET ,IKEWISE PARTICIPATING 3TATES SHOULD TRAIN INVESTIGATORS AND PROSECUTORS ON HOW TO ADDRESS BIAS MOTIVATED CRIMES ON THE )NTERNET GIVEN THE COMPLEXITIES OF THESE PROSECUTIONS !T THE CONCLUSION OF THE MEETING IN 0ARIS THE 5NITED 3TATES DELEGATION OFFERED A TEN POINT ACTION PLAN CONTAINING SPECIFIC RECOM MENDATIONS FOR MAKING PROGRESS IN EACH OF THESE FOUR AREAS 7E HOPE THAT THE PLAN CAN SERVE AS A BASIS FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST RACISM XENOPHOBIA AND ANTI 3EMITISM 7HILE PARTICIPATING 3TATES MAY DIFFER ON THE QUESTION OF WHETHER OR NOT HATE SPEECH SHOULD BE REGULATED WE BELIEVE THAT THERE ARE BROAD AREAS OF CONSENSUS WHERE THEY CAN WORK TOGETHER IN THE COMING MONTHS TO COMBAT INTOLERANCE ON THE )NTERNET
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5 3 &RENCH GAP NARROWS OVER FIGHTING 7EB HATE ! TRANS !TLANTIC GAP OVER FIGHTING )NTERNET HATE CRIME IS NARROWING AS THE 5NITED 3TATES AND &RANCE PUT ASIDE DIFFERENCES TO SEEK A COMMON STRATEGY AGAINST 7EB SITES SPREADING RACISM AND ANTI 3EMITISM EXPERTS SAID /NE &RENCH DELEGATE SAID APPROVINGLY THAT 7ASHINGTON AND 0ARIS WERE NOW HOLDING hA SUSTAINED DIALOGUEv ON THE ISSUES h4HEY THOUGHT COUNTRIES WOULD COME HERE TO CRITICIZE 5 3 LAWS v HE SAID ON CONDITION OF ANONYMITY h"UT WE RE NOT TRYING TO CHANGE THE &IRST !MENDMENT 4HERE IS NO HIDDEN AGENDA v h4HE !TLANTIC DIVIDE IS BRIDGEABLE v SAID "RIAN -ARCUS HEAD OF THE !NTI $EFAMATION ,EAGUE S )NTERNET MONITORING PROJECT 2EUTERS *UNE
)NTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TARGETS )NTERNET HATE SPEECH
2ACISM ON )NTERNET /3#% PUTS ONUS ON .'/S AND 7EB PROVIDERS $IVIDED ON THE NEED FOR NEW LEGISLATION TO FIGHT RACISM ON THE )NTERNET THE /3#% COUNTRIES HAVE GIVEN THE RESPONSIBILITY OF CLEANING UP THE h.ETv TO 7EB USERS .'/S AND THE )NTERNET INDUSTRY !T THE END OF A TWO DAY CONFERENCE THE /3#% PUBLISHED GENERAL hCONCLUSIONSv BUT NO CONCRETE MEASURES 4HE /3#% CALLS ESPECIALLY FOR THE STRENGTHENING OF EDUCATIONAL MEASURES AND FOR PROMOTING CO OPERATION AMONG THE ACTORS IN PARTICULAR .'/S AND ASSOCIATIONS THAT ARE ENGAGED IN THE FIGHT AGAINST FASCIST ANTI 3EMITIC AND XENOPHOBIC PROPAGANDA ON THE )NTERNET 4HE TWO DAYS WERE MARKED BY CONSTANT DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN THE 5NITED 3TATES WHO IN THE NAME OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IS OPPOSED TO ANY REGULATION AND %UROPEAN COUNTRIES WHO ARE IN FAVOUR OF A POLICY OF CONTROLS AND SANCTIONS ,IBERATION !&0 *UNE
0URVEYORS OF HATE HAVE FOUND A POTENT TOOL IN THE )NTERNET SPREADING FEAR WITH SUCH GRISLY IMAGES AS THE BEHEADING OF 7ALL 3TREET *OURNAL REPORTER $ANIEL 0EARL IN 4HE NEW TECHNOLOGY HAS PROVEN TO BE A BOON FOR HATREDS OF OLD MANY EXPERTS SAY "UT DIFFERING VIEWS ABOUT THE LIMITS OF FREE SPEECH AND THE EASE OF PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE NEBULOUS ANONYMOUS 7EB LARGELY STYMIED OFFICIALS HOPING TO FIND COMMON GROUND IN 7EDNESDAY S TALKS 4HE DILEMMA IS ALL THE MORE ACUTE BECAUSE THE )NTERNET IS GLOBAL EASY TO USE AND TOUGH TO REGULATE AS SHOWN BY WIDESPREAD SHARING OF MUSIC ONLINE AN ILLEGAL PRACTICE THAT HAS CONFOUNDED RECORD COMPANIES 4ERROR GROUPS HAVE ALSO USED THE )NTERNET TO PLOT ATTACKS 4HERE ARE NO EASY SOLUTIONS DELEGATES SAID -ANY URGED MORE YOUTH EDUCATION BETTER CO OPERATION BETWEEN GOVERNMENTS AND )NTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS OR NEW STUDIES ON LINKS BETWEEN 7EB RACISM AND HATE CRIMES
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"RUSSELS $ECLARATION h!CTS OF INTOLERANCE POSE THREAT TO VALUES OF CIVILIZATIONv h7E NOW HAVE A CLEAR ROUTE MAPPED OUT !CTION IS CALLED FOR AND THE /3#% IS DETERMINED TO PROVIDE A STRONG LEAD v /3#% #HAIRMAN IN /FFICE 3OLOMON 0ASSY ANNOUNCED AT THE END OF AN /3#% CONFERENCE IN "RUSSELS ON 3EPTEMBER 4HE EVENT WAS THE THIRD IN A SERIES HELD THIS YEAR TO PROMOTE TOLERANCE )T BROUGHT TOGETHER MORE THAN GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES AND LEADERS OF CIVIL SOCIETY "Y ADOPTING THE h"RUSSELS $ECLARATIONv PARTICIPANTS
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RECOGNIZED THAT ACTS OF INTOLERANCE POSE A THREAT TO DEMOCRACY THE VALUES OF CIVILIZATION AND THEREFORE TO OVERALL SECURITY IN THE /3#% REGION 3PECIFICALLY PARTICIPATING 3TATES X CONDEMN WITHOUT RESERVE ALL FORMS OF RACISM XENOPHOBIA AND ANTI 3EMITISM AND OTHER ACTS OF INTOLERANCE AND DISCRIMINATION INCLUDING AGAINST -USLIMS X CONDEMN ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS PROMOTING HATRED
OR ACTS OF RACISM XENOPHOBIA DISCRIMINATION OR RELATED INTOLERANCE INCLUDING AGAINST -USLIMS AND ANTI 3EMITISM X URGE /3#% PARTICIPATING 3TATES TO ADOPT EFFECTIVE MEASURES TO COMBAT ACTS MOTIVATED BY INTOLERANCE AND TO SPEAK OUT PUBLICLY AGAINST SUCH ACTS X EXAMINE THE NEED FOR A STRUCTURAL FOLLOW UP WITHIN THE /3#% TO ENSURE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMITMENTS ON TOLER ANCE AND NON DISCRIMINATION
X REJECT FIRMLY THE IDENTIFICATION OF TERRORISM AND EXTREMISM WITH ANY RELIGION CULTURE ETHNIC GROUP NATIONALITY OR RACE AND X DECLARE UNAMBIGUOUSLY THAT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS OR POLITICAL ISSUES NEVER JUSTIFY RACISM XENOPHOBIA OR DISCRIMINATION
4HE OFFICIAL DOCUMENT IS ON WWW OSCE ORG EVENTS CONFERENCES TOLERANCE
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4HIS FIGHT IS NOT VIRTUAL ANY MORE -ICHAEL 7INE DIRECTOR OF THE #OMMUNITY 3ECURITY 4RUST WHICH SEEKS TO PROTECT "RITISH *EWS SAID h7E KNOW THERE HAS BEEN AN EXPLOSION OF THE NUMBER OF SITES ENCOURAGING HATRED AND RACISM ON THE )NTERNET AND AT THE SAME TIME WE ARE WITNESSING AN ALARMING INCREASE OF TENSIONS BETWEEN RELIGIOUS AND ETHNIC COMMUNITIES v 7INE SAID RIOTS ACROSS SEVERAL CITIES IN NORTHERN "RITAIN IN FOLLOWED RACIST CALLS OVER THE )NTERNET BY FAR RIGHT GROUPS 4HE 0ARIS CONFERENCE CALLED TO DISCUSS A CODE FOR )NTERNET PROVIDERS TO WEED OUT RACIST MESSAGES REVEALED THE EXTENT OF HATRED ON THE 7EB 5P TO RACIST SITES FUNCTION ACROSS THE WORLD ACCORDING TO -ARC +NOBEL FOUNDER OF * ACCUSE h) ACCUSEv A &RENCH ASSOCIATION AGAINST RACISM ON THE )NTERNET ;&RENCH &OREIGN -INISTER -ICHEL= "ARNIER SAID THAT hBETWEEN AND THE NUMBER OF RACIST SITES GREW PER CENTv )NTER 0RESS 3ERVICE *UNE
(ATE ONLINE ROLE OF INDUSTRY DEBATED ;3ENIOR ANALYST -UKUL= +RISHNA ARGUED THAT THE )NTERNET AND ITS USERS WOULD BE BETTER SERVED BY IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WAY )NTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS )30S AND OTHERS HANDLE COMPLAINTS ABOUT RACIST OR OTHER OFFENSIVE MATERIALS AND HELP LAW ENFORCEMENT TO KEEP TABS ON HATE GROUPS h)T MAKES MORE SENSE BEING ABLE TO LEAVE THEM OUT SO LAW ENFORCEMENT CAN KEEP TABS ON THEM v +RISHNA SAID h3HUTTING SITES DOWN AND CANCELING ACCOUNTS DOESN T DO ANYTHING )F LAW ENFORCEMENT CAN HAVE CERTAIN DEALS WITH )30S BEFORE SHUTTING DOWN SITES THEY CAN TRACK THEM ) ALWAYS FEEL THAT MONITORING WHAT MAY BE DEEMED ILLEGAL AND BEING ABLE TO CHECK THEM IS BETTER v
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/3#% MEETS IN 0ARIS TO TACKLE ONLINE RACISM h4HE PROBLEM IS CLEARLY THERE AND IT FACES THE WHOLE WORLD v SAID THE 5 3 !MBASSADOR TO THE MEMBER /3#% 3TEPHAN -
-INIKES WHO AGREED THAT THERE WAS A LACK OF CONSENSUS ON THE ISSUE h4HE PRIVATE SECTOR ARE CERTAINLY SMART ENOUGH IN DEALING WITH NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHERS TO DECIDE ON THEIR OWN v HE ARGUED 4HE 6IENNA BASED /3#% IS CURRENTLY STUDYING ANSWERS TO A QUESTIONNAIRE SENT TO PARTICIPATING 3TATES CONCERNING NATIONAL LEGISLATION ON RACISM AND THE )NTERNET !&0 *UNE
$ISAGREEMENT ON RACISM ON THE )NTERNET BETWEEN &RANCE AND 5 3 &OR NOW THERE IS NO IMMEDIATE PROSPECT OF AN AGREEMENT AMONG THE COUNTRIES THAT ARE TAKING PART IN A MEETING IN &RANCE ON HOW TO FIGHT CYBER RACISM 4HE DISAGREEMENT IS PARTICULARLY EVIDENT BETWEEN &RANCE AND THE 5NITED 3TATES )T IS NOT THE FIRST TIME SPARKS ARE FLYING AS A RESULT OF CONFLICTING OPINIONS BETWEEN THE 5 3 AND &RANCE OVER THE REGULATION OF THE )NTERNET 0OLITIKEN $ENMARK *UNE
h2ESPECTv WAS A COMMON THREAD RUNNING THROUGH THE KEYNOTE ADDRESSES OF 0RINCE 0HILIPPE OF "ELGIUM AND 0RINCE %L (ASSAN BIN 4ALAL OF *ORDAN AT THE CONFERENCE IN "RUSSELS
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E ARE FORTUNATE TO LIVE IN A COUNTRY WHERE RESPECT FOR THE OTHER IS BECOMING A CULTURE ˆ A COUNTRY WHICH IS IN ESSENCE MULTICULTURAL WHERE WE ARE CONSTANTLY SEARCHING FOR AN EQUILIBRIUM AND FOR HARMONY BETWEEN THE VARIOUS CULTURES LANGUAGES AND OPINIONS OF OUR CITIZENS )N SEARCHING FOR THIS EQUILIBRIUM THIS HARMONY WE BREED PURE RESPECT FOR THE OTHER 4HIS IS WHAT ) HOPE MY COUNTRY CAN BRING TO THIS CONFERENCE NOT ONLY THAT WE CONTINUE TO DENOUNCE ALL ACTS OF INTOLERANCE AND RACISM BUT THAT WE COMMIT OURSELVES TO AN ATTITUDE OF ACTIVE RESPECT FOR THE DIGNITY OF THE OTHER 0RINCE 0HILIPPE OF "ELGIUM
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7
ITH ALL DUE RESPECT TO ALL THIS TALK OF TOLERANCE -R #HAIRMAN MAY ) SAY ) PREFER THE WORD hRESPECTv ) DO NOT WANT TO TOLERATE YOU AND YOU DO NOT WANT TO TOLERATE ME "UT ) THINK IF WE CAN LEARN TO RESPECT EACH OTHER S TRADITIONS PARTICULARLY AT THIS POINT IN WORLD HISTORY WHEN IT SEEMS TO ME IT IS BEING DETERMINED BY EXCEPTIONS RATHER THAN THE RULES 7E NEED TO DEVELOP A CONTINUUM OF COMMITMENT TO RESPECT FOR THE OTHER 4HE THREE TRADITIONAL BASKETS FOR DISCUSSION ˆ ECONOMICS POLITICS AND SECURITY ˆ WHICH CAN BE TRACED FROM (ELSINKI THROUGH TO "ARCELONA HAVE HAD HUMANITY AND CULTURE AS AN AFTER THOUGHT (OW LONG WILL CULTURE REMAIN AN AFTER THOUGHT ! FOURTH BASKET CULTURE SHOULD BE ADDED IF WE ARE TO MAKE A REAL CHANGE IN THE HUMAN AS WELL AS OUR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 0RINCE %L (ASSAN BIN 4ALAL OF *ORDAN
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NDEPENDENCE IN #ENTRAL !SIA USHERED IN A PERIOD OF RELIGIOUS REVIVAL AND 4AJIKISTAN WAS NO EXCEPTION )N 3UGHD THE NORTHERN PROVINCE UNREGISTERED MOSQUES AND MADRASAS +ORAN ACADEMIES MUSHROOMED FROM SOME IN TO ABOUT IN 4ENSIONS BETWEEN SECULAR AUTHORITIES AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZA TIONS AROSE IN FOLLOWING A PRESIDENTIAL SPEECH THAT CRITICIZED THE PROLIFERATION OF MOSQUES AND POORLY EDUCATED RELIGIOUS LEAD ERS )N 3UGHD SAID TO CONTAIN SEVERAL POCKETS OF STRONG SUPPORT FOR EXTREMIST )SLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS LOCAL AUTHORITIES BANNED IMAMS PRAYER LEADERS OF A MOSQUE AND IMAM KHATIBS ORATORS OF &RIDAY PRAYERS FROM CARRYING OUT THEIR FUNCTIONS IF THEY FAILED STATE ORGANIZED EXAMINATIONS 3EVERAL MOSQUES HAD TO CLOSE DOWN 4O AN IMPARTIAL OBSERVER THE ENSUING OUTCRY FROM THE )SLAMIC COMMUNITY WAS NOT ENTIRELY UNJUSTIFIED ,OCAL GOVERNMENT OFFI CIALS WERE OFTEN PERCEIVED AS ILL INFORMED ABOUT THE LAWS GOVERNING RELATIONS BETWEEN THE AUTHORITIES AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS 4HE SAME HOWEVER COULD BE SAID FOR RELIGIOUS LEADERS 4O TRY TO FILL THE INFORMATION GAP AND EASE MOUNTING TENSIONS THE /3#% S +HUJAND &IELD /FFICE AND THE #ENTRE FOR #IVIL 3OCIETY A LOCAL NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION DREW UP A PLAN TO BRING BOTH SIDES TOGETHER AND PROVIDE THEM WITH MORE THAN CURSORY KNOWL EDGE OF 4AJIK LEGISLATION AND INTERNATIONAL NORMS CONCERNING FREE DOM OF RELIGION OR BELIEF /VER MORE THAN A YEAR FROM -ARCH TO -AY THE #ENTRE FOR #IVIL 3OCIETY CONDUCTED FOUR DAY TRAINING SEMINARS ON LAW AND RELIGION FOR SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT RELIGIOUS BODIES AND POLITICAL PARTIES IN DISTRICTS IN 3UGHD )N ADDITION FIVE SEMINARS WERE HELD IN MADRASAS 4O AVOID THE IMPRES SION THAT OUTSIDERS WERE ATTEMPTING TO INFLUENCE THE WAY )SLAM WAS
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PRACTISED THE PROJECT CALLED ON LEADING LEGAL AND )SLAMIC EXPERTS FROM 4AJKISTAN TO DRAW UP THE SEMINAR CONTENTS AND CONDUCT THE SESSIONS ,
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4HE EXPERTS ENSURED THAT THE STIPULATIONS SELECTED FROM DOMESTIC LEGISLATION GLOBAL COVENANTS RATIFIED BY 4AJIKISTAN AND 3HARIA LAW LEFT LITTLE ROOM FOR MISINTERPRETATION AND WERE AS RELEVANT AS POSSIBLE TO THE LOCAL SITUATION 3IMULATION OF REAL LIFE DILEMMAS CHALLENGED PARTICIPANTS TO CLEARLY IDENTIFY VIOLATIONS OF THE LAW AND WAYS OF SEEKING LEGAL REDRESS 0REDICTABLY THE SESSIONS OFTEN STARTED IN A CHILLY ATMOSPHERE AMIDST A SEA OF COUN TER ACCUSATIONS 4HE ABILITY OF THE THREE EXPERTS AND THREE TRAINERS TO BREAK THE ICE AND PUT EVERYONE AT EASE WAS CRUCIAL AS THEY PATIENTLY SOUGHT TO EXPLAIN COMMON MISINTERPRETATIONS OF THE LAW COAXED COM PROMISES OUT OF THE TWO SIDES AND PERSUAD ED THEM TO COLLABORATE MORE CLOSELY h)T WAS THE FIRST TIME LOCAL CLERICS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES HAD EVER SAT AROUND THE TABLE DISCUSSING SUCH SENSITIVE ISSUES AS REGISTRATION OF MOSQUES AND +ORAN ACAD EMIES RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND )SLAMIC RITUALS v SAID -UNIRA !SROROVA WHO IS ON THE #OMMITTEE OF 2ELIGIOUS !FFAIRS IN THE REMOTE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF 0ENJIKENT h9OU COULD FEEL THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO SIDES BECOMING MORE OPEN AS THE CLERICS GRASPED THE IMPORTANCE OF CIVIC LAW AND SECULAR AUTHORITIES CAME TO GRIPS WITH THE CONCEPT OF FREEDOM OF BELIEF AND OTHER COMPLEX ISSUES RELATED TO WORSHIP ) THINK THIS WAS A GREAT ACHIEVEMENT v $EFYING THE SCEPTICS THE DYNAMIC EXCHANGE OF VIEWS LED TO SURPRISINGLY SIM PLE ON THE SPOT SOLUTIONS TO SOME TOUGH ISSUES 4HE DISCUSSIONS REVEALED THAT IGNORANCE OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK WAS JUST ONE ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM CONFUSION ALSO REIGNED IN THE INTERPRETATION OF THE LAWS REFLECTING THE EXISTENCE OF AMBIGUITIES DEFI CIENCIES AND CONTRADICTIONS
THE OFFICIAL CHARTS SUPPLIED TO MOSQUES BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES OFTEN DID NOT CARRY PROVISIONS FOR STUDY GROUPS 4HE PRACTICAL COMPROMISE 2ELIGIOUS AND LOCAL OFFICIALS AGREED THAT UPON RE REGISTRA TION OF THE MOSQUES THE CHARTS WOULD BE AMENDED TO GIVE GREATER LEEWAY FOR SCHEDUL ING STUDY GROUPS !NOTHER SOURCE OF FRICTION WAS REMOVED WHEN THERE WAS A MEETING OF MINDS ON THE ISSUE OF RADICAL )SLAM "OTH SIDES UNEQUIVO CALLY STATED THAT PROVIDING THE PUBLIC WITH BETTER ACCESS TO )SLAMIC KNOWLEDGE THROUGH THE STUDY GROUPS WOULD GO A LONG WAY TOWARDS DISCOURAGING YOUNG PEOPLE FROM JOINING (IZB UT 4AHRIR AND OTHER RADICAL )SLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS 4HE USE OF LOUDSPEAKERS IN CENTRAL MOSQUES ANOTHER BONE OF CONTENTION WAS SETTLED ONCE IT WAS CLARIFIED THAT CURRENT LEG ISLATION DID NOT PROHIBIT THEIR USE )N A DECI SION THAT SERVED AS A PRECEDENT AUTHORITIES AGREED TO LIFT THE BAN THAT HAD BEEN IMPOSED IN 0ENJIKENT PAVING THE WAY FOR THE RESOLU TION OF SIMILAR DISPUTES IN OTHER DISTRICTS 4HE SPIRIT OF COMPROMISE AND CON CILIATION WAS ALSO MUCH IN EVIDENCE AT THE PROJECT S CONCLUDING ROUNDTABLE HELD IN +HUJAND IN -AY ! CIVIL SERVANT FROM THE SMALL TOWN OF 4ABOSHAR WAS BEWAILING THE FACT THAT THE REQUIRED MINIMUM OF PARTICI PANTS FOR A &RIDAY MOSQUE TO BE OPENED WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO MEET IN THE COUNTRY S REMOTE MOUNTAINOUS TOWNS AND VILLAGES 4HE RESPONSE OF THE (EAD OF THE 3TATE #OMMITTEE ON 2ELIGIOUS !FFAIRS WAS SWIFT (E GAVE HIS PERSONAL WORD THAT 4ABOSHAR WOULD SOON HAVE ITS OWN &RIDAY MOSQUE
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! COMMONLY HELD PERCEPTION FOR EXAM PLE WAS THAT SMALL STUDY GROUPS ON )SLAM WERE ALLOWED BY OFFICIAL AUTHORITIES ONLY AT &RIDAY MOSQUES SEVERELY LIMITING LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES IN VILLAGES THAT DID NOT HAVE ONE 4HE SEMINARS LEGAL EXPERT HOWEVER ASSURED PARTICIPANTS THAT THERE WAS NO REASON WHY THIS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY COULD NOT TAKE PLACE IN FIVE TIMES A DAY PRAYER MOSQUES TOO PROVIDED IT WAS SCHEDULED IN THE MOSQUE S CHARTS )T HAD EMERGED THAT
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4HIS EMBOLDENED PARTICIPANTS TO CALL FOR AN AMENDMENT TO THE LAW TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE SPE CIAL CIRCUMSTANCES IN ISOLATED SPARSELY POPULATED AREAS .OT SURPRISINGLY NOT EVERY SINGLE CONTENTIOUS ISSUE BETWEEN AUTHORITIES AND CLERGY COULD BE SOLVED &OR ONE THE QUESTION OF )SLAMIC CLERGY S MEMBERSHIP IN POLITICAL PARTIES ALTHOUGH NOT RULED OUT BY LAW IS STILL HIGHLY CHARGED 4HE REGISTRATION OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IS ANOTHER LONG STANDING DISPUTED MATTER -ANY BELIEVE THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS BY THE 3TATE #OMMITTEE ON 2ELIGIOUS !FFAIRS WHICH REQUIRE UP TO DOCUMENTS FOR REGISTRATION BLUR REGISTRA TION PROCEDURES EVEN MORE AND CONTRADICT THE CURRENT ,AW ON 2ELIGION AND 2ELIGIOUS /RGANIZATIONS UNDER WHICH ONLY THREE DOCU MENTS ARE NEEDED /3#% STANDARDS IN FACT OBLIGE PARTICIPATING 3TATES TO GRANT LEGAL STA TUS TO RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS THAT OPERATE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NATIONAL LAWS 4HE CONCLUDING ROUNDTABLE PRODUCED AN IMPRESSIVE LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS WHICH WERE PRESENTED TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORI TIES RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS POLITICAL PAR TIES AND THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY 4O ENSURE THAT FOLLOW UP WORK RESTS NOT ONLY ON THE SHOULDERS OF GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS EACH DISTRICT IN 3UGHD WITH 3WISS SUPPORT WILL CREATE A REGULAR hPLAT FORMv A FORUM FOR DIALOGUE TO MAINTAIN THE MOMENTUM FOR CONCILIATORY DIALOGUE BETWEEN RELIGIOUS AND OFFICIAL STRUCTURES !BDUKHAKIM 3HARIPOV HEAD OF +HUJAND S )DEOLOGY $EPARTMENT SAYS THAT THE PROJECT S ADDED BENEFIT OF FOSTERING REGULAR CONTACT BETWEEN LOCAL RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR INTER ESTS HAS ALREADY STARTED BEARING FRUIT $ESCRIBING SOME OF THE MANY LINGERING PROBLEMS THAT ARE FINALLY BEING SOLVED A PARTICIPANT IN THE REGULAR DISCUSSIONS IN THE DISTRICT OF *ABOR 2ASULOV SAID h7E FINALLY RECEIVED THE CERTIFICATE FOR THE LAND ON WHICH WE WILL BUILD OUR &RIDAY MOSQUE AND THE FIVE TIME PRAYER MOSQUES 7E ARE ALSO CONDUCTING LAW CLASSES FOR OUR IMAMS WHO MISSED THE OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE PART IN THE SEMINARS ,OCAL AUTHORITIES HAVE BEEN HELPING US PREPARE AND BROADCAST A DAILY TEN MINUTE EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION SPOT ON )SLAM v 4HE SEMINARS ALSO SPARKED THE IDEA OF A CIVIC EDUCATION SUMMER CAMP FOR STUDENTS
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FROM MADRASAS WHICH WAS ORGANIZED BY THE RECTOR OF +HUJAND S MADRASA AND A LOCAL .'/ IN !UGUST 7HEN THE TIME COMES FOR THE /3#% #ENTRE IN $USHANBE TO EXPAND THE SEMINARS ON LAW AND RELIGION TO THE SOUTH AS IT IS POISED TO DO 3UGHD S CLERICS LOCAL AUTHORI TIES AND RESIDENTS WILL RIGHTLY CLAIM CREDIT FOR HAVING BLAZED THE TRAIL
&IELD /FFICER (ENK (ULSHOF TOP ROW LEFT WITH THE STAFF OF THE +HUJAND &IELD /FFICE !LEXANDER 2AKHMONOV 3ENIOR &IELD !SSISTANT HUMAN RIGHTS AND POLITICAL AFFAIRS 4AKHMINA 2AKHMATOVA 3ECRETARY -UNISA 6AHOBOVA &IELD !SSISTANT MEDIA AND GENDER AFFAIRS AND .ATALYA 6ERSHININA 3ENIOR &IELD !SSISTANT ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ISSUES
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4HE +ALYAN -OSQUE IN "UKHARA 5ZBEKISTAN DATES BACK TO THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY 0HOTO /3#% !LEXANDER .ITZSCHE
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N THE PAST FEW YEARS WE HAVE HAD TO TAKE A GOOD HARD LOOK AT THE RISKS AND THREATS POSED TO OUR SOCIETIES BY EXTREMISM AND HAVE GAINED A NEW APPRECIATION OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THE TASK OF COMBATING IT ) BELIEVE THIS HAS MADE US MORE SENSITIVE TO THE CHALLENGE OF DEFINING THREATS AND IDEN TIFYING POTENTIAL PERPETRATORS WHILE PRESERV ING THE SANCTITY OF THE LAW !ND IT HAS MADE US MORE AWARE THAN EVER THAT PROTECTING INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS IS NOT A SIMPLE TASK NO COUNTRY HAS BEEN ABLE TO DO IT IN A FASHION THAT HAS NOT OCCASIONED CRITICISM 4HIS UNDERLINES THE IMPORTANCE OF LOOK ING AT THIS DILEMMA IN A COLLECTIVE FASHION BY EXPLORING COMMON PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE COMMON SOLUTIONS RATHER THAN BY HAVING ONE NATION OR A GROUP OF NATIONS LEC TURING ANOTHER -Y CURRENT RESEARCH IS ON THE EVOLUTION OF )SLAMIC GROUPS IN 5ZBEKISTAN AND THE TENSION WITHIN THE COMMUNITY OF BELIEVERS BETWEEN THOSE WHO ADVOCATE PEACE FUL MEANS OF SPREADING )SLAM AND THOSE
WHO ADVOCATE THE USE OF FORCE TO CREATE AN )SLAMIC STATE !S MY WORK PROGRESSES ) AM GAINING A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE NUANCES OF THE SITUATION AND AM BECOMING INCREASINGLY CONVINCED THAT THE ISSUE SHOULD BE ADDRESSED FROM A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE )NTERNATIONALLY THERE HAS BEEN A TEN DENCY TO LUMP TOGETHER DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXTREMIST THREATS 4HIS HAS BEEN ESPECIALLY TRUE IN #ENTRAL !SIA "Y DOING SO GOVERN MENTS IN THE REGION RISK ERODING THEIR CRED IBILITY AND MORAL AUTHORITY IN CLAIMING THE RIGHT OF THE 3TATE TO ASSERT PRIMACY OVER THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL )N MOST PARTS OF THE WORLD THE PUBLIC HAS PROVED TO BE A BETTER REGULATOR OF EXTREMIST BEHAVIOUR THAN THE 3TATE AND THERE IS NO REASON TO BELIEVE THAT THIS SHOULD NOT BE THE CASE IN #ENTRAL !SIA -ORE OFTEN THAN NOT IT IS INDIVIDUALS WHO APPEAL TO THE 3TATE TO MEDIATE THEIR GRIEVANCES #LEARLY THEN THE FOCUS SHOULD BE ON THE LEGAL ELABORATION OF PERSONAL PROTECTIONS AND THE SETTING UP OF EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS FOR THEIR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION RATHER THAN ON THE LEGAL ELABORATION OF WHAT CON STITUTES EXTREMIST BEHAVIOUR 4HIS IS ESPE CIALLY TRUE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NON TRADI TIONAL RELIGIOUS GROUPS !S FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCATES THEY ARE ALSO NOT WITHOUT SHORTCOMINGS ) AM REFER RING TO THE COMMUNITY BROADLY AND NOT CRIT
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+AZAKHSTAN S RICH RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE AS SEEN THROUGH THE CAMERA LENS OF PHOTOGRAPHER ,UBOMIR +OTEK
ICIZING ANY SPECIFIC GROUP 4OO OFTEN THEY GIVE IDENTICAL TREATMENT TO THOSE ARRESTED ON CHARGES THAT SEEM TO HAVE BEEN POLITI CALLY MOTIVATED AND THOSE ACCUSED OF ACTS THAT ARE CLEARLY CRIMINAL IN MOST DEVELOPED DEMOCRACIES 3OME OF THE GROUPS SEEM TO PIN THEIR HOPES SOLELY ON AN EXPRESSION OF POLITICAL WILL AND CO OPERATION ON THE PART OF JUDICIAL AND PENAL AUTHORITIES TO END THE ABUSES 4HEY DEMONSTRATE LITTLE INTEREST IN THE COM PLEXITY AND COST OF ENGAGING IN EFFECTIVE LEGAL REFORMS EXPECTING THE 3TATE TO BE CAPA BLE OF FINANCING AND PURSUING THESE REFORMS !LTHOUGH ) AM AN hOUTSIDERv TO THE REGION ) DO FEEL ABLE AFTER A LIFETIME OF STUDYING +AZAKHSTAN AND #ENTRAL !SIA TO OFFER SOME SPECIFIC PROPOSALS ON HOW GOV ERNMENTS SHOULD APPROACH THE CHALLENGE POSED BY EXTREMIST GROUPS
4HE REGION S GOVERNMENTS JUSTIFY MUCH OF THIS CONTROL IN THE NAME OF ADVANCING THE CAUSE OF MODERATE )SLAM "UT MODER ATE )SLAM CANNOT BE SPREAD AND REGULATED BY SECULAR FIGURES !NY #ENTRAL !SIAN STATE THAT LOSES THE SUPPORT OF ITS CLERICS IS IN DEEP TROUBLE AS ITS LEGITIMACY IS THREATENED &ORTUNATELY #ENTRAL !SIA S )SLAMIC COM MUNITY IS STILL LARGELY DOMINATED BY MODER ATE ELEMENTS WHICH OPPOSE THE APPROACH TAKEN BY RADICAL AND EXTREME -USLIM GROUPS AND OFTEN SEEK TO ADJUST SOME PRACTICES IN KEEPING WITH SECULAR SOCIETIES 4HESE MODERATE -USLIMS ARE LIKELY TO BE FAR MORE SUCCESSFUL IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM THAN THE SECULAR STATE CAN EVER BE SINCE THEY ARE IN A POSITION TO INTRODUCE DISCIPLINE WITHIN THE COMMUNITY OF BELIEVERS EVEN DURING PERIODS OF ECONOMIC HARDSHIP
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)F GOVERNMENTS INTRODUCE GREATER RELIGIOUS FREEDOM BY GRANTING DEVOUT COMMUNITIES THE RIGHT TO SELF REGULATION THEY WILL FIND THEM SELVES IN A MUCH STRONGER POSITION TO DEFEND AND PROSECUTE GROUPS SEEKING TO USE FORCE TO DESTABILIZE THE 3TATE 4HIS WOULD ALSO HELP ISOLATE RADICAL GROUPS SUCH AS (IZB UT 4AHRIR
#ENTRAL !SIA S RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES SHOULD BE PERMITTED TO BE SELF REGULATING AND SELF GOVERNING )N RETURN THEY SHOULD BE REQUIRED TO FINANCE THEIR ACTIVITIES THROUGH INTERNAL TITHING TO LESSEN THEIR DEPENDENCY ON FOREIGN FUNDING 2ELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO CHOOSE THEIR OWN LEADERS DETERMINE THEIR OWN DOGMAS AND DOCTRINES AND RUN THEIR OWN SCHOOLS AND ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL ACADEMIES 4HIS IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT TO THE )SLAMIC COMMUNITY WHICH CURRENTLY FALLS UNDER THE CLOSE SUPERVISION OF THE 3TATE #OMMITTEE ON 2ELIGION )N EACH OF THE FIVE #ENTRAL !SIAN COUNTRIES IT IS THIS #OMMITTEE THAT CHOOSES THE -UFTI THE HEAD OF THE )SLAMIC COMMUNITY AND THAT LICENSES AND CONTROLS THE CURRICULUM OF THE COUNTRY S MADRASAS RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS
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&OCUSING ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS THAT PROTECT THE HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS IS MORE IMPOR TANT THAN DRAWING UP LAWS ON EXTREMISM THERE WOULD BE NO NEED FOR THE LATTER IF THE FORMER EXISTED 7HAT ABOUT THE NEED TO PROTECT THE CITI ZENS OF THESE COUNTRIES FROM THE INFLUENCE OF PROPAGATORS OF NON TRADITIONAL FAITHS 4HIS PARTICULAR ASPECT IS NOT EASY FOR THOSE OUT SIDE THE TERRITORY OF THE FORMER 3OVIET 5NION TO UNDERSTAND
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)N +AZAKHSTAN AND EVEN MORE SO IN THE REST OF THE REGION THERE IS A GREAT DEAL OF CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING RESTRICTIONS ON THE REGISTRATION OF INFORMAL AND NON GOV ERNMENTAL GROUPS AS WELL AS THOSE THAT ARE CONSIDERED RADICAL AND NON TRADITIONAL )N MOST STATES THE RIGHT OF INFORMAL GROUPS OF INDIVIDUALS THAT IS UNREGISTERED GROUPS TO ORGANIZE PUBLIC EVENTS OR HOLD BANK ACCOUNTS IS RESTRICTED 4HIS ISSUE WOULD BE OBVIATED HOWEVER IF POLITICAL SPACE WERE EXPANDED BY LIBERAL IZING CURRENT REGULATIONS THAT LIMIT THE RIGHT
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4HE DEFINITION OF hEXTREMISMv WILL ALWAYS REMAIN CONTROVERSIAL 3OME DEFINITIONS COULD LEAD TO THE ARREST OF INNOCENT PEOPLE AND OTHER CITIZENS WHO MAY WELL BE IN VIOLATION OF CURRENT LAW BUT ARE MERELY ESPOUSING VAL UES AND EXPRESSING THEIR CONSCIENCE WITHOUT ANY OVERT INTENTION TO HARM OTHERS ) BELIEVE THAT UNDERTAKING COMPREHENSIVE REFORM OF THE JUDICIAL AND PENAL SYSTEMS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT STEP THAT CAN BE TAKEN BY #ENTRAL !SIAN STATES TOWARDS PROTECT ING HUMAN RIGHTS AT A TIME OF HEIGHTENED FEARS ABOUT RISKS POSED BY EXTREMIST GROUPS )N DOING SO THE REGION WILL BE HELPING TO ENSURE THAT THE ACCUSED ARE TREATED FAIRLY THAT THEIR ARREST TRIAL AND POSSIBLE INCARCERATION ARE CON DUCTED WITHIN THE RULE OF LAW AND WITHOUT THE USE OF TORTURE OR OTHER FORMS OF CRUEL OR UNU SUAL PUNISHMENT
-ARTHA "RILL /LCOTT TAKES QUESTIONS FROM THE MEDIA AFTER HER TALK
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)N THE FIRST YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE IT WAS FREQUENTLY ARGUED THAT BECAUSE OF THE YEARS OF RELIGIOUS REPRESSION THE FAITHS THAT HAD EXISTED FOR CENTURIES IN THE REGION )SLAM 2USSIAN /RTHODOXY *UDAISM AND "UDDHISM AND TO THIS LIST +AZAKHSTAN ADDED #ATHOLICISM REQUIRED SPECIAL CONDITIONS TO BRING ABOUT THEIR RENAISSANCE !CCORDING TO THIS LINE OF THINKING THESE RELIGIONS SHOULD NOT BE EXPECTED TO COMPETE ON EQUAL TERMS WITH hFOREIGNv OR hNON TRADITIONAL FAITHSv USUALLY REFERRING TO #HRISTIAN FUNDAMENTALIST GROUPS THAT HAVE BEEN PROSELYTIZING IN THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES AND SPENDING EXTREMELY LARGE SUMS OF MONEY IN THE PROCESS .EARLY YEARS LATER HOWEVER ) BELIEVE THE FORMERLY PERSECUTED TRADITIONAL FAITHS NO LONGER NEED ANY SPECIAL PROTECTION )NSTEAD OF SEEKING TO RESTRICT THE FORMATION OF NON TRADITIONAL FAITHS SECTS AND CULTS THE 3TATE SHOULD CONCENTRATE ON PROSECUT ING THE EXCESSES OF INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS 4HE DISTRIBUTION OF HATE LITERATURE AND THE FORCED CONVERSION OF CHILDREN AND SPOUSES ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF PRACTICES THAT COMPROMISE THE CIVIL RIGHTS OF NON MEMBERS
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