Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Summary - Myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious condition that occurs due to sudden blockage of blood flow to theheart.
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According to reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious and lifethreatening condition that occurs due to sudden blockage of blood flow to the heart, causing tissue damage. It is estimated that myocardial infarction occurs about every 40 seconds in the country.Also called heart attack, acute coronary syndrome, and coronary thrombosis, the condition is usually the result of a blockage due to a buildup of plaque in one or more of the coronary arteries. If left untreated, the condition can cause severe complications like abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), heart failure and even sudden cardiac arrest.As billing and coding for several cardiac conditions can be complex, relying on medical billing services from a reliable provider is a practical way to ensure correct and timely claim submission.
Chest pain and heart attack are the typical symptoms of myocardial infarction. These symptoms can vary from person to person depending on the severity of the condition. Diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) involves a physical examination and other tests like – electrocardiogram (EKG to measure heart’s electrical activity), echocardiogram, chest X-ray, and blood tests to check the symptoms of a heart attack. Treatment options for MI include a combination of medications and surgical procedures.
ICD- 10 Codes for MI
In ICD-10, there are a few coding guidelines pertaining to the circulatory system and acute myocardial infarctions that we need to know in order to code for it accurately. Additionally, having a basic knowledge of the condition, including the different terms used to describe it, as well as the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis, is an important aspect. The documentation should provide the site (wall) of the AMI, arteries affected, whether it is initial or subsequent, and the type of AMI. The ICD-10 codes for MI are –
• I21 Acute myocardial infarction
• I21.0 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of anterior wall
✓ I21.01 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving left main coronary artery
✓ I21.02 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving left anterior descending coronary artery
✓ I21.09 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other coronary artery of anterior wall
• I21.1 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of inferior wall
✓ I21.11 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving right coronary artery
✓ I21.19 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other coronary artery of inferior wall
• I21.2 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of other sites
✓ I21.21 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving left circumflex coronary artery
✓ I21.29 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other sites
• I21.3 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of unspecified site
• I21.4 Non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction
• I21.9 Acute myocardial infarction, unspecified
• I21.A Other type of myocardial infarction
✓ I21.A1 Myocardial infarction type 2
✓ I21.A9 Other myocardial infarction type
• I22 Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) and non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction
✓ I22.0 Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of anterior wall
✓ I22.1 Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of inferior wall
✓ I22.2 Subsequent non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction
✓ I22.8 Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of other sites
✓ I22.9 Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of unspecified site
The ICD-10-CM codes for myocardial infarction (MI) identify the site of the AMI, arteries affected, whether AMI temporal parameter is (initial or subsequent), and whether the MI is an ST elevation or non-ST elevation infarction. To ensure accuracy and efficiency in medical billing and coding, healthcare practices can depend on an experienced cardiology medical billing company.