Portfolio architecture & urban design Oskar Cafuta
September 2015 - October 2016 Assistant in the project Faculty for Architecture, University of Ljubljana
EDUCATION
July 2015 Internship Development center Planiranje d.o.o.
WORK EXPERIENCE
CV
October 2013 - February 2017 Bachelors Degree (180 ECTS) Urbanism Faculty for Architecture, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
November 2016 - December 2016 Partner in the Project (for competition) GROMarch
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January 2017 - June 2017 Internship ELEA iC
August 2017 - June 2019 Scolarship AdFutura Public Scholarship, Development, Disability and Maintenance Fund of the Republic of Slovenia
August 2017 - May 2019 Masters Degree (120 ECTS) Sustainable Urban Planning and design KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Stockholm, Sweden Programs: AutoCAD, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, SketchUP, Rhinoceros, ArcGIS, QGIS, Artlantis, Microsoft Office Suite
Content Bachelor thesis Uniformed individuality in case of neigbourhood Zaboršt in Domžale (Slovenia) Independent project Competition Revitalization of old city centre in Murska Sobota (Slovenia) Group project SUPD Studio 1.1 - Textures project Industrial Symbiosis Independent project SUPD Studio 1.2 - Situations Isle of Sustainable Tourism Independent project SUPD Studio 2.1 - Urban Ecologies Common-topia Independent project Master thesis The Death and Life of Great Shopping Centres Independent project Competition Ant of Enköping Independent project
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Bachelor thesis
Uniformed individuality in Case of Neigbourhood Zaboršt in Domžale (Slovenia) Independent project
The quality of Slovenian environment has faced a number of problems, which stem from various causes. Among the major reasons for downgrading this space in terms of quality, we can recognize Slovenian living culture, which has worsened in the recent years. The Slovenian mentality rests on the fact that one has to be the best, or even more accurate: at least better than his neighbour, which, due to low social standards, leads to individualization of a bad type project and into even worse “artificialization” of objects that »decorate« the area of Slovenia. While the situation is now improving with new, high-quality urban neighbourhoods I ask myself in this thesis whether this is the ideal step towards the improvement of this space, according to the strongly expressed individuality in the mentality of an individual. In this regard, I focus on design codes, which are a common practice in some countries and allow individualization within uniformity, and I try to adapt and apply them for Slovenian environment. I present my results on a spatial design of the area Zaboršt in Domžale, with a neighbourhood containing houses which are all both different from each other, while also following the same theme and guidelines - as “one”, which in turn contributes to cooperativeness of the residents. At the same time, I also present a potential design of central activities within the area of interventions, leading towards self-sufficiency of the neighbourhood.
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Design
Flexibility with the dimensions of the building.
Flexibility with the dimensions of the building.
Required flat roof.
Required 45 percent edge for light in atrium.
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codes
Required different colour and/or material for each house.
Parking space in the basement that could be used s part of the house in case of no car. 7
Required vegetation (max. 40% of pavement).
Required min. 30% of vegetation that is co-created with inhabitants.
Analysis
morphology
noise
flooding
natural elements
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Interventions new buildings
new green areas
new roads
new hill
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new pedestrians paths
new water elements
Detail plan
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Competition
Revitalization of old city centre in Murska Sobota (Slovenia) Group project Collaborators: Kristijan LavtiĹžar, Valentina Gjura
The open competition was organised by Chamber of Architecture and Spatial Planning of Slovenia (ZAPS) and Municipality of Murska Sobota in 2016. I have applied to competition together with Kristijan LavtiĹžar and Valentina Gjura under the supervision of Janez Peter Grom and architecture studio GROM ARCH. Goal of the competition was creating a plan for revitalisation of the old city centre with respect to the existing build structures. The total area of intervention was around 88.500 square meters which was divided into three parts. As a first step we have reorganised traffic structure in order to make the city centre more pedestrian friendly. The main road through the city is converted into shared space and two adjacent roads traffic regime changes to 30km/h zone. There are multiple new bus stops and two new city bike stations along with new bike lanes. Pedestrian network gets interconnected while the traffic accessibility inside the area gets limited. Bus line gets connected to the newly proposed P+R in the suburbs of the city. There are two new parking underground garages inside the area. The whole area of intervention gets a new pavement that is interacting nicely with grass in-between and therefore take away rain water. Difference of pavement also differentiate between bike lane and pedestrian area. There are multiple new small temporary stands on the main street that serve as a place where locals could sell their crafts and food during different events. We have designed new urban equipment for the whole area as well as new lightning of the space. In the central part there is a new park that where half of it presents a nice natural area where the other creates a playground for children. In the northern part the is a new open air market space with new stands we have designed. Next to it on the western part there is regenerated square Kulture where the program expands over the road and the square can change based on the time or need. Therefore there we could have everything from ice skating park in the winter to open air cinema and concerts in the summer. In The southern part we have proposed a new development for currently open parking space. We have proposed a new intergenerational centre that include bars, public toilets, workshop/lecture space, housing and elderly home. Underneath the building there is a parking garage for visitors and people living there. Next to the new building there is a new skate park together with outdoor fitness, basketball court and other recreational spaces.
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Square Kulture in winter time hosts an ice skating ring. The square itself extends over the Kocljeva road.
Open organisation of the space is allowing unobstructed public life on the square in time of different culture and sport events.
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In case of bigger event the square extends over and on the other side of the Kocljeva road. The road is temporary closed and a traffic diversion is taken care off.
Implementing a fixed stage in-front of the gallery building opens up the new possibilities for different programs and events, like open air cinema on the square.
recreational path
Square ZMAGE - park
parking spaces alongside the road
tions
important connec
Square ZMAGE - parking space
bar hotel Zvezda
bank post office
shared space removing existing parking space
parking spaces alognside the road
temporary stands for local events covered up market space
new open market expansion
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BUS
private parking Square KULTURE open cinema concerts
shop
gallery
BUS
playground park CSD
library
Health centre
bank
košarkaško igrišče
recreation surfaces intergenerational centre bar, public toilets, workshop/lecture space
outdoor fitness private parking
underground parking garage residential part skate park
SUB
BUS
hotel Diana
TAXI TAXI
MORAVSKE TOPLICE
ČERNELAVCI new system P+R
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RAKIČAN system P+R
RADENCI POMURSKA AC
accessible only for intervention and delivery
bike lane
shared space
pedestrian space
30km/h zone
cars
bus stop
city bus “Sobočanec”
city bike station
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SUPD Studio 1.1 - Textures project
Industrial Symbiosis Independent project
As industrial areas were being increasingly pushed to the suburbs, city centres started losing valuable programs and productive economy. On one side this created cities with much less working opportunities and on the other a very isolated areas, areas that are composed by different companies which are in most cases highly unorganised both, on a level of buildings as well as on a level of managing and functioning. Södertalje is a city hosting two big companies: Scania and Astra Zeneca, both of which have their big industries on the suburbs of Södertalje. Aside those companies there are multiple smaller industries and businesses as well as important port and energy plant that is providing electricity and heating for Södertalje and wider. Most of these industrial sites are located on the edge of the city in the crossroad of major transport connections - railway, port and highway. As the technology is improving fast and industrial areas getting more sustainable the assumption is that industry won’t need to grow nor get smaller but rather it should become more organised and connected. Therefore the goal of the project was to create a strong, connected, attractive industrial area which is not only a place to work but also a space you enjoy going into (principle of Google headquarters). Recycled waste from one company would be an input for supporting industries or input for energy production. Transportation of cargo gets redirected from highways onto railways and ship traffic, smaller roads in the area take care of local traffic and new green and blue lines connect the whole area as well as improve surrounding space. In-between industry and along blue and green infrastructure new residential buildings and public spaces arise. To improve and promote self sufficient lifestyle there are gardens on top of some residential buildings (to provide seasonal vegetables for residents of the building) and workshops in some areas to provide places where people can make their own things instead of buying them.
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Prediction for future development of industry
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Guideline for distribution of programs
Current industrial area (today very spread) with major connactions
When all the industrial build structures are pushed together they take up much less space
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Current and future area size for different programs in the area
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Abstract image of current distribution of areas of different programs and plan for the future
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Development plan 1. existing situation with expanded blue structure
2. adding existing green structure and connecting it
3.placing residential buildings near green and blue structures
4. implementing Astra Zeneca in the area and reorganising Scania
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION LINES AND STOPS
5. adding other “industries”/programs to the area
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SUPD Studio 1.2 - Situations
Isle of Sustainable Tourism Independent project
Isle of Sustainable Tourism is a critical project towards ways we are planning for sustainable tourism today. Through this project I have looked into effects of tourism in different parts of the world, and what kind of solutions are being proposed for the negative effects tourism is bringing. I have chosen Venice, as being one of the worst cases of mass tourism and compared it to Stockholm, where tourism has not left such a big negative effect yet. In order to do so, I have developed a fictional story that takes us in the future we might get to in 30 years if we follow the principles of planning as we know them today. I have applied as many different “sustainable tourism” uses I could find on an island Ljusterö. In this scenario Venice has already sunken and government in Stockholm decides for extreme measures to prevent the same outcome. To do so, they decide to move all tourism attractions on one island - Ljusterö, where everything is “sustainable”. Everything from eco camping villages, renewable energy villages, green villages, farm villages, eco gold courses could be found on the island where tourists would enjoy their active time off work. This way allowed me to expose flaws of sustainable tourism in a very absurd, exaggerated way. Most of the speculations and interventions are pushing the limits of sanity (such as sunken Venice and Eco golf resort which is the same size as the biggest golf resort in the world) in order to emphasise the importance of the topic and in a way ridicule the solutions we are confronting today. Essentially, I was left with “sustainable Disneyland” which showed the absurdity of consumeristic logic behind tourism as well as not so sustainable “sustainable tourism” options. At the end I have came to realisation that domestic tourism as is commonly known in Sweden might be the best, most sustainable way of tourism known to us today. Spending free time in summer house an hour or two away from home, local produced, having your own garden, solar panels, wood heating, maybe even sharing the house…Checks all the real parameters of sustainability.
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Future of tourism in Sweden
2048 93 million tourists
2048 19.5 million tons of CO2 - eq
2017 35 million tourists
2017 11.6 million tons of CO2 - eq
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Future increase of international tourism in comparison to current S W E D E S
F O R E I G N E R S
Creating an island of sustainability for all tourists arriving to Stockholm
+ 2.750 new eco sustainable luxury apartments
+ 2.750 new eco sustainable luxury apartments
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Number of new activities compared to existing ones
++ 100+ 100+ new eco sustainable new eco sustainable activities activities
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Domestic tourism as it is known in Sweden is pro tod
made with wood from surrounding forest
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short travel (usually 1-2 hours away from home)
wood heating
solar pane
obably one of the most sustainable tourist options day
els
outdoor composting toilet
garden for seasonal garedning
good community
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25%
87% 100%
50%
13%
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50%
SUPD Studio 2.1 - Urban Ecologies
Common-topia
Independent project
Common-topia is a project through which I was challenging urban planning role in today’s society. We live in a strange time where people no longer work to live but live to work. Capitalism has implemented the economical logic deep in our minds, which consequently makes us perceive working for money that enable us to do what we want more rational than to work what we want. Urban commons have in recent years become a new way of rebelling to the capitalistic mentality. In a way, Snösätra already achieved some aspects of urban commons. Even though it is not yet recognised as a common, a large part of the municipal land was appropriated by artists that are organised as a community. They are doing what they like doing and no-one is getting paid for it. Moreover, because of socially disapproved activities like rave parties and graffiti painting on one side and formal 9-17 working class day in storage plots on the other, this place is a not only an urban common but also strange mixture which is creating a type of heterotopia. In order to create urban common, urban planners and designers have to let a certain degree of control go and through this project I was exploring how to initiate such a concept. I have suggested two strategies first of which was dealing with preservation of the soul in the area and the second was flexibility which allowed area to grow on its own. As the first push towards urban commons I have proposed 4 strong anchor points that would act as good examples of urban commons and could later be reproduced or upgraded. The four proposed anchor points are vacant lot gardening, a place with gardens, greenhouses, marketplace and a café; working/repair shop, a place where 9-17 working area turns into repair scrapyard area where you could make or repair things you need; culture center, a place for artists to practice and exhibit their work and finally office/ makerspace, a place to work with machines and programs you might not know how to use and get help using them. Snösätra as urban common would thus develop its heterotopian spirit, start reusing abandoned spaces and materials, diversify the users of the area and give safer feeling.
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PRESERVATION Keeping it as heterotopian space by preserving the soul of the area. To do so we must keep the current users and like minded people in SnÜsätra. Therefore the first goal is creating a space where more like minded people could nurture this heterotopian soul. Municipality stays the owner of the area and allows nonprofit urban commons organisation to run and manage it. Companies working in the area are therefore working together with organisation and are not dependent on municipal leases.
MUINCIPALITY
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URBAN COMMONS ORGANISATION
COMPANIES
ARTISTS
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FLEXIBILITY Creating urban commons is a process highly dependent on users of the area. There are no strict rules and the area could be shaped in a way it best serves people. In order to achieve that there must be a high degree of flexibility allowed. Initially there are four strong anchor points of different “urban commons� placed in the area that spark the interest. Later the area starts developing as the users decide on the programs they desire.
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Urban
Vacant lot gardening - gardens, green-house, marketspace and cafĂŠ 40
Working/repair shop - 9-17 working area that turns into repair scrapyard area afterwards
commons
Culture centre - a place for artists to practice and exhibit their work 41
Office, makerspace - a place to work with machines and programs you might not have or know how to use
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US average of retail space per 1000 people is 2.000 square meters
UK average of retail space per 1000 people is 265 square meters
European average of retail space per 1000 people is 231 square meters
Swedish average of retail space per 1000 people is 434 square meters
Master thesis
The Death and Life of Great Shopping Centres Independent project
As the world is speeding towards the future that is perceived as desirable, this project looks into trends of shaping the future of consumerism. With the growth of capitalism, particularly after First Industrial Revolution, consumerism started emerging. In today’s society, consuming became everyday preoccupation and expectation for most. Achieving a socially desirable image through consumption brought us to the stage where we no longer work to live but rather live to work. But the trends on how we are consuming were and still are experiencing large swifts during the last decade, which also influenced immense changes in shaping and use of our space. The project represents three different trends (online based shopping, shopping centre based shopping and sustainable shopping) and look into the spatial and societal changes these trends would bring by designing possible outcomes in three different areas in Stockholm (Drottninggatan street, Mall of Scandinavia and Kungens Kurva). The aim of the project is not to propose a solution for future development of consumerism driven spaces, but it is rather exposing and critiquing our mentality and planning principles in order to raise awareness of the issue.
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9.995 people
9.995 online users
85% of Swedish population used internet to purchase differen goods in 2017 46
physical store
7,6
73,3
online
stores
Shopping spending relation between online and physical retail (in billion EUR)
online
Online shopping is estimated to be accounted for 22% - 33% (37%) of all retail in Sweden by 2025. (30% on the chart)
By 2025 between 6.000 and 11.000 stores will close
MALL
TOYS
ELECTRONICS
CLOTHES
Shopping centres creating consumerist public life
City centre stores creating public life City centre loosing stores to shopping centres and online platforms
STORE
D I S C O U N T
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Online shopping creating artificial public life
SCENARIO I
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Shopping today Consumerism plays a major role in designing public urban space and life today.
Shopping areas without consumerism Discovering just how much consumerism and shopping are effecting our everyday life.
“Sustainable” future is the first scenario where I am talking about mainstream sustainability that is sometimes also referred to as greenwashing. In this scenario everything becomes greener, we use renewable energy for production, we are separating/recycling waste, producing food for ourselves producing items in near proximity of consumption…However this scenario becomes sustainable only on three isolated areas and ironically, sustainable public life is shaped by consumerism.
SCENARIO II
SCENARIO III
65% 35%
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Robotic future With the rise of artificial intelligence one of the possible future scenarios is turning into a very robotic society. All our consuming and interacting will switch online and the city will be taken over by technology that distributes goods. In this scenario autonomous vehicles, drones, robots get their infrastructure to take care of delivering and human interactions are done via holograms in artificially created space. As a consequence of ultimate convenience consumption increases. There is no more public life and social interactions which marks the end of civilisation as we know it.
Demand-Supply future Last scenario develops under the assumption we will continue dveloping markets under economy’s logic where we create more of what people demand, even if that is not necessarily better for future. All the sites would than continue developing in a sense of increaing consumption and convenience options. Public space becomes oversaturated with shopping and cars, social life becomes more dependent on materialism than ever before, social media determines our social status based on what we own.
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“S U S T A I N A B L E� F U T U R E
physical store
80% physical stores 20% online stores
Decrease in consumption by 60%
10% decrease of stores in city centre
physical store
R O B O T I C F U T U R E
D E M A N D S U P P L Y F U T U R E
online
online
0% physical stores 100% online stores
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100% decrease of stores in city centre (no stores left)
physical store
100% physical stores 0% online stores
Increase in consumption by 40%
100% increase of stores in city centre (more stores everywhere)
online
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Competition
Ant of Enkรถping Independent project
City of Enkรถping is planning on revitalisation of northern part of the city named Myran. Myra translated in English means ant, an insect that is incredibly well organised and disciplined, cooperative, unconditionally sharing and good manager of resources. All the qualities that are desirable in a city. As such, the qualities of an ant, together with the city requirements, were a guideline in designing of a future Myra(n) area. Area today is mostly used for stores and office spaces and city planning is predicting further development of such uses. Therefore, this project tries to keep as much of already built in the area and with reorganisation, reprograming of existing and new built area propose a new type of business area with places for culture, living, recreation, entertainment and work. Thus, there is a proposed cultural/recreational axis which consist of mostly minimally redesigned existing buildings to accommodate new cultural and recreational programs such as new school, theatre, gallery, workshops, library, kindergarten as well as big indoor and outdoor sport facility. In mostly northern part multiple new office buildings arise to accommodate big demand for new business spaces and at the same time create a boundary between highway and the rest of the area. There are multiple new greenhouses which are providing with fresh vegetables and fruit for inhabitants and visitors of the area as well as new recycling facility. Nature part from east is connected with nature parts in the east of the area with three green wedges and small forests through the area. There are three new artificial lakes that act as natural drainage system for storm water in case of more precipitation. Finally, different housing typologies (row houses, low rise apartment buildings) fill the rest of the space in the area. It is well connected with the rest of the city as well as next to the highway which enables quick access. This creates an area which is not only pleasant to work but also live in and visit.
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Strategy
Connecting surrounding nature with green wedges through the area
Implementing culture/sport axis
Creating programs to improve sustainability of the area
Implementing new housing
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Development phases
Existing situation consist of mostly office spaces and parking lots with plenty of underused space.
First step is demolishing buildings in poor condition as well as buildings with no particular purpose.
Second step is changing and redesigning some existing buildings in order to provide space for new cultural programs.
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Third step is improving the road network throughout the area.
Fourth step is connecting nature between western and eastern part of the area as well as positioning new lakes for storm water.
Fifth step is implementing new buildings for different programs (business, offices, housing, greenhouses, stores, sport facility, cultural programs...)
Plan
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1:4500
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housing
I culture/sports I business I gardens/recycling
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Oskar Cafuta Glanshammarsgatan 47, 124 71 Bandhagen, Sweden +46 732 676 635 +386 41 253 730 oskar.cafuta@gmail.com