VOL.13 | ISSUE 6 | OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 2016 | US $ 10 | ` 150
INSIGHT INTO UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM HYDROCARBON INDUSTRY
AUTOMATION ACROSS HYDROCARBON INDUSTRY
International Exhibition & Conference February 2018 : Mumbai, India
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CONTENTS
INTERVIEW VOL. 13 | NO. 6 | OCT-NOV 2016 | MUMBAI ` 150 OFFSHORE WORLD R.NO. MAH ENG/ 2003/13269 Chairman Publisher & Printer Chief Executive Officer
EDITORIAL
Editor Editorial Advisory Board Design Team Subscription Team Production Team
Maulik Jasubhai Shah Maulik Jasubhai Shah Hemant Shetty Mittravinda Ranjan (mittra_ranjan@jasubhai.com) D P Mishra, H K Krishnamurthy, N G Ashar, Prof M C Dwivedi Arun Parab, Shankar Joshi Dilip Parab V Raj Misquitta (Head), Arun Madye
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“This is a great time for course correction”
6
-Mr Subramanian Sarma, CEO & Managing Director L&T Hydrocarbon Engineering
FEATURES
IT-OT, Industrial Iot & Analytics: The Triple Force Towards Integrated Asset Performance
Management for O&G 10
-C Murali Accuracy and Connectivity in Flare Gas Monitoring
14
-Lana Ginns How Predictive Analytics Maximises Operational Excellence
-Dr Warren Becraft and Robert Golightl
Business Strategies in Today’s Oil & Gas Climate
-Emma Wild
Energy Commodity Prices Moves North Albeit in Different Proportion
-Niteen M Jain and Nazir Ahmed Moulvi
Transformation in Oil & Gas Pipeline Operations with IIoT
-Paul Vellacott and Bob Ell
Modularization of Liquefied Natural Gas Facility
-Sushant G Labhasetwar
CLPM: Delivering on the Promise of Plant-wide Optimisation
-Don Wilkey and Damien Munroe
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24
28
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PRODUCTS
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NEWS
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EVENTS DIARY
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Cover page images: L&T Hydrocarbon Engineering Offshore World | 4 | October-November 2016
NEXT ISSUE FOCUS: REFINERIES
A typical refinery costs billions of dollars to build. It also costs millions to operate, employing hundreds of people and running every day of the year. With the dramatic drop in the oil price over the past years, the advanced methods that the oil and gas companies are adopting to reduce the operational and maintenance costs so as to sustain the dynamic environment will be focused in the forthcoming
Setting Standards FLUXUS® F/G721
issue of the Offshore World, which is also the 13th anniversary issue. The Issue will cover insights on various prospects of the “Refineries” from the key decision maker of the Oil & Gas industry and views of the companies that have been a sustainable player along the time.
SOME OF THE TOPICAL ISSUE WILL COVER: •
Upgradation of refineries to comply from BS IV to BS VI norms
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Debottlenecking of refineries
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Refinery technologies
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Refinery and Petrochemical plant integration
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Automation in refinery operations
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Impact of alternate fuel sources like solar energy in the refineries
For editorial submission in Offshore World, please contact:
Nidhi Agrawal
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Sub- Editor Offshore World Email: nidhi_agrawal@jasubhai.com
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INTERVIEW
INTERVIEW
“This is a great time for course correction”
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Offshore World | 6 | October-November 2016
“For the ‘Make-in-India’ campaign to be a real success, the government has to find a way to create a level playing field by ironing out anomalies in the taxation structure and taking some steps to implement a ‘Preferential Pricing’ mechanism which will maximize the utilization of the domestic manufacturing base, provide further encouragement to Indian suppliers and service providers and aid employment generation in the country,” said Mr Subramanian Sarma, CEO & Managing Director L&T Hydrocarbon Engineering in an interview with Mittravinda Ranjan.
V - Cone Flow Meter Versatile: Ideal for use in liquid, steam or gas Testing to API 22.2 confirms V-Cone’s performance Rugged no-moving parts technology requires Virtually no maintenace We provide solutions for FPSO Vessels, Sub-Sea Wells, Offshore Platforms, Refineries and Pipelines.
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INTERVIEW What is the market sentiment across the EPC industry currently? The general sentiment across the EPC industry, in both domestic and international markets, is more bearish since there is a general slowdown in capital expenditure and markets have shrunk across the board. Most of the companies, who have belief in this industry and have managed their businesses reasonably well, see it as a great opportunity to reset their cost base and enhance their efficiency levels. Many organizations are spending a good amount of time & energy to introspect and reflect on their past practices as everyone; producers, service providers & suppliers; had built up inefficiencies when the oil prices were high. The industry is now trying to become more agile, efficient and cost effective. How do you compare the market turbulence in 2008 with the current situation when there have been massive swings in oil prices and when do you see the oil prices stabilizing? Yes, the oil industr y did go through turbulent times in 2008 and is going through a similar phase now but the underlying reasons are entirely different. The financial crisis of 2008 was triggered by the downfall of Lehman Brothers which shook the confidence of the global financial system. Further, the world economy was highly leveraged and interconnected which amplified the crisis and lead to an economic recession. Oil prices, along with all other commodities corrected sharply. But the basic economic drivers, consumer behaviour, and supply/ demand were not severely impac ted and the global sentiment reversed completely once Governments around the world took concer ted ac tion to aid the recover y. The oil prices also recovered sharply as the drop was never governed by the fundamentals of the oil industr y, in the first place. However, today, the fundamental issue is the significant gap between supply and demand in the global oil market and in my view, we are not likely to see a spike in the oil prices that was observed last time. There has been a significant demand erosion due to the economic slowdown in Europe & China, and even the United States is yet to fully recover. In the past, such shifts in demand were handled to a certain extent by managing supply but this is no longer the case today and hence the recovery in oil prices will be much slower Having said that, I believe that the oil prices will stabilize in a time frame of around 18 – 24 months at around USD 55-60 per barrel. The emergence of viable alternative energy sources and the reduc tion in Breakeven Point achieved by Shale Oil producers should provide fur ther suppor t at this pricing level. I would say that this price range is not bad for the industr y, as it benefits consumers and oil impor ting countries like India. Can you point out some of the inefficiencies that the organizations have built up over the past few years which they are now trying to address? www.oswindia.com
During boom periods, there is always a tendency to build up large organizations, with multiple locations and work centers because manpower cost is seen as a small fraction of the total cost base. But in the current scenario, organizations are striving to become leaner and evaluating options like outsourcing to reduce their fixed costs and increase their variable costs. Secondly, with commodity prices having corrected sharply, the focus is now to extract maximum value from the supply chain, which remains the biggest area of expenditure of any organization. Service providers like LTHE are also taking a fresh look at all our procedures, processes, and systems to identify improvements. Existing work practices are being challenged to ensure that value is being added at every step and if not are being overhauled to remove inefficiencies. Please share some of the key measures that LTHE is taking towards improving overall efficiency? LTHE does not need to outsource as we are already located in an efficient cost base unlike Australia, United States or Europe. However, we have also taken several measures including the closure of smaller offices in India which were not adding much value, reducing fixed costs in our International locations and by consolidating offshore operations at Mumbai and onshore operations at Vadodara respectively. In terms of developing capability, we have a bespoke International Execution Capability Development Program underway. This program was designed in-house by pooling the knowledge gained by our people, including my personal experiences, over the years. We will now be putting our staff through these training modules, using the facilities of L&Ts Institute for Project Management at Vadodara, to better prepare the organization for the future. We are also running an ‘Operational Excellence Program’ to enhance our processes for sourcing of materials and services and our systems to manage receivables and working capital. Greater application of technology - digitalization – is being looked at to improve productivity and simplify processes. We have enough headroom to easily grow our business by at least another fifty percent without adding too many resources and are just waiting for the market to open up. At this point, we are critically examining every aspect of our business and taking appropriate actions. Hopefully, we will emerge out stronger!! Please talk about some of the major ongoing business of LTHE in India and Overseas? In India, the biggest offshore project we are executing for ONGC is the USD 420 million Bassein Development Project, which is located off the Mumbai coast and involves a gas processing platform, wellheads, and subsea
Offshore World | 8 | October-November 2016
INTERVIEW pipelines. The project is expected to be commissioned by December 2017. In partnership with McDermott, we are also executing the S1 Vashishta deep-water development for ONGC off the East Coast of India. In the Onshore business segment, we are executing the Melamine project for Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited (GSFC) at Vadodara and a Coke Drum System package for Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), at IOCL’s Haldia Refinery. On the international front, we are executing the USD 780 million GC 30 Oil Gathering Centre for Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) in Kuwait. Recently, in consortium with our partner EMAS Chiyoda Subsea, we won the USD 1.6 billion Hasbah-II Project from Saudi Aramco, which is a very large offshore gas development project in Saudi Arabia. In Oman, we are executing two gas depletion compressor projects (SNDC2 & KDC2) for Petroleum Development Oman (PDO). What kind of opportunities do you see for LTHE in India? In the offshore space, ONGC will definitely continue to invest, regardless of the oil prices, because India has a strategic requirement to increase the domestic production of oil & gas. That being said, ONGC has also managed to declare pretty good results recently and they have also reduced their cost of production. We are expecting ONGC to move ahead with the KG basin 98/2 deep-water field development sometime in the fourth quarter of this financial year, which will be the major opportunity for us along with smaller projects like Neelam Redevelopment etc. In the onshore mid & downstream segment, we expect almost INR 10,000 to 15,000 Cr worth of Pipeline projects, for product transportation & distribution, to come up over the near term. We do not see much scope for us in the refinery upgrades, which have been announced, as the PSUs will be utilizing EIL to execute the projects via conventional route. However, we are hopeful to participate in the development of new grass root refineries which may come up in the near future. Now that GST bill has been cleared, how do you see the impact on EPC companies? It is too early to comment on the impact as a lot of the minutiae are yet to be revealed. However going by basic principles, any simplification is always good for the industry and the country as a whole as it improves efficiency and cuts red tape. Such simplification may also help international EPC contractors in India, as they will no longer need to navigate the maze of direct and indirect taxes in each state. Overall, I think it will be beneficial for International and Domestic contractors as GST should make it easier to carry out business across the country. How does ‘Make in India’ help L&T and other private players of the country to take advantage of this situation? L&T has invested significant amounts of capital in setting up world-class facilities for hydrocarbon, power, heavy engineering, shipbuilding and
defence sectors. But it is a source of frustration for us that the utilization factors of these assets are less than ideal. We would be extremely happy if we are able to put these ‘national’ assets to productive use through the ‘Make-in-India’ campaign. But at this point of time, in most sectors, L&T is competing openly with foreign players in what is essentially an uneven playing field, as our cost and taxation structures are quite different compared to our foreign peers. Further, there is no doubt that individual customers will prefer open competition in order to access the best solution. Hence for the ‘Make-in-India’ campaign to be a real success, the government has to find a way to create a level playing field by ironing out anomalies in the taxation structure and taking some steps to implement a ‘Preferential Pricing’ mechanism which will maximize the utilization of the domestic manufacturing base, provide further encouragement to Indian suppliers and service providers and aid employment generation in the country. Ultimately, I believe ever yone should take a long-term national view and not restric t ourselves to an individual or company level. I think we are going through this transition process and we need to see how it will pan out. You have extensive experience of executing international projects. In your view, what are the gaps that the Indian EPC companies need to address to be successful in other geographies? As an EPC contractor, when you target a par ticular project or geography, you need to carefully assess your gaps in terms of technical capability, local domain knowledge, and the financial wherewithal to execute the project and then address them either in-house or through collaboration. I must also emphasize that ‘International’ is a ver y wide term and you need tailor made plans for each countr y and region as what works in a par ticular countr y may not work in another, even within the same region. Evolving into an international contractor has to be a gradual process and ever y organization has to necessarily traverse this learning cur ve. Coming specifically to the Indian contex t, technical skills is not really an issue as India has the largest technical resource pool in the world. Indian Contrac tors need a better understanding of international market dynamics, financing and above all they need to get their execution strategy right. What will be your message to the industry? It is a great opportunity to reflect, introspect and to implement new ideas which could not be done in the past – This is a great time for course correction.
Offshore World | 9 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES
IT-OT, Industrial IoT & Analytics: The Triple Force Towards Integrated Asset Performance Management for O&G In the modern era as markets become competitive, leading organizations place a lot of emphasis in reducing operating costs. Asset centric companies such as Oil & Gas companies are progressing and making great efforts to constantly monitor and correct the performance of underlying assets through newer technologies. By reducing asset downtime with the help of technology, a company can withstand huge losses which in turn can affect its market position. With the advent of Industrial IoT, the process of asset management can now become smarter & more effective. This article highlights the convergence of Information technology (IT) and Operational technology (OT) with new generation technology enablers such as Industrial IoT and Big Data Analytics that enables Integrated Asset Performance Management Solution for Oil & Gas industry. Oil & Gas Industry Challenges in Asset Performance Management: Integrated Asset Management with convergence of Industrial One of the biggest challenges facing the Oil& Gas Industry today is to reduce IoT and Asset Management applications asset downtime and improve the utilization of assets. These challenges Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) combine sensors and information are fur ther intensified by the fact that such assets are distributed at technologies (Cloud, Mobile, Analytics) to enable assets to interact with multiple locations and require data to be monitored by multiple users at monitoring, analytics and control systems over Internet networks. According different levels. Consider this typical operations scenario: An Operations to a recent sur vey by ARC on Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), top Head would be interested in knowing the Productivity Forecast, the Plant business drivers for adoption are reduced machine asset downtime, more Manager would require the data to be consolidated at Plant level, the rapid service response and improved process performance (figure 1.1). Site Engineer will look for operations data and finally the Maintenance Convergence of operational technology (OT) like SCADA or Data Historian Engineer would require preventive and corrective data. Operational Data with information technology applications like SAP-PM along with asset is available in multiple operational technology applications (OT) such as maintenance strategies lay the foundation for successful integrated asset SCADA& Data Historian and Maintenance and Productivity data is available in information technology (IT) applications which need to be accessed performance management solution for asset centric industry verticals. In in multiple systems by varied stake holders which makes it difficult to an era of challenging business times, optimum risk management by use of manage critical assets and make informed business decisions. Effectively technology can go a large extent towards cutting down uncertainties and the problem statement is to have a real-time intelligence platform that potential vulnerabilities. IIoT is fast emerging as the remedy for this as it IIoT Drivers plays the role of a technology enabler in convergence with IT-OT landscape can manage business excellence on all aspects.
Metrics Uptime
MTTR
Maintenance
Throughput
Efficiency Cost Control
Operations
ROA Revenue Revenue
F igure 1.1 November 14, 2016 | 1
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Sales
ARC Survey with 200+ responses Q2 2014 Confidential | L&T Technology Services VISION, EXPERIENCE, ANSWERS FOR INDUSTRY
Offshore World | 10 | October-November 2016
© ARC Advisory Group • 1
FEATURES Integrated Asset Performance Management (iAPM) Solution Architecture OSI PI Core Sight Portal
APM Dashboards
Information Technology (IT) Applications
CIS
iAPM Solution Components
Industry specific Asset model
ERP
EAM
Partner System Configurator
Business Activity Monitor
KPIs Externalization
Intelligent Asset Tag
Alarm/Event Monitor
Remote Asset Management
Asset Track & Trace
Asset Performance
Incident Management
Asset energy process Model
iAPM- Industry specific business process models Operational Technology (OT) Applications
Industrial IOT Devices
SCADA/Historian
FSM
Figure 1.2 November 17, 2016 | 1
Confidential | L&T Technology Services
to address the industrial pain point from asset management perspective. IIoT literally brings life to material machines. Along with IP enabled device gateways and platforms such as GE Predix and BIG DATA analytics, IIoT enables actionable insights into asset management for key stake holders based on historical data machine learning algorithms. Integrated Asset Per formance Management: The above diagram depic ts a t ypical Integrated Asset Per formance management (iAPM) solution framework. The key IIoT drivers along with relevance of each element on the metrics ser ves as a reference point for the key depar tments of Maintenance, Operations and Sales. It provides an integrated solution architecture where Industrial IOT devices are connected to conventional assets for real-time condition monitoring.
them for informed business decisions. The solution can be easily extended with enterprise data infrastructure tools such as OSI PI Asset Framework which provides an easy access to various asset types and their associated attributes which will be maintained in asset library. S m a r t A s s e t s e n a b l e d w i t h s e n s o r s c a p t u re v a r i o u s o p e r a t i o n a l parameters and are sent via IOT Gateway to the IOT Platform on Cloud. Some examples of modern digital platforms are L&T Technology Services’ homegrown UBIQWeise platform, General Electric’s Predix framework and PTC’s Thingworx. The frameworks enable integration of OT systems and applications such as control systems, SCADA/Historian and IoT Platform with Enterprise IT applications such as Enterprise Asset Management, Enterprise Resource Planning and portal applications such as CoreSight.
(Fig 1.2) Integration of real-asset information from Industrial IoT platform with Enterprise Asset Management and por tal applications provide asset-insights to key stake holders enabling and empowering
OSI PI Asset Framework provides an enterprise data infrastructure which enables Asset Context mapping, and integrates to IT and OT applications
IIoT is fast emerging as the remedy for cutting down uncertainities and potential vulnerabilities, as it plays the role of a technology enabler in convergence with IT-OT landscape to address the industrial pain point from asset management perspective. Offshore World | 11 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES Business Benefits of Integrated Asset Performance Management
F igure 1.3
November 14, 2016 | 3
Strategic (increased asset utilization, improved performance and highest economic return on assets)
Financial (reduced both operational and maintenance costs)
Operational (reduce downtime, adherence to business process, improve quality, asset performance)
Reliability (reduced risk, early warning of impending equipment failures)
Engineering (decision support, less-time analyzing and more time acting)
IT (asset data quality, integration, real-time context & insights with Analytics)
Confidential | L&T Technology Services
with Industrial IoT platforms and Analytics tools for asset insights. iAPM framework leverages convergence of IT-OT applications and new generation IIoT platforms NN
NN
NN
NN
NN
EAM products such as IBM Maximo, SAP PM Etc. – to automate the work order generation.
Abbreviations used in the article EAM: Enterprise Asset Management APM: Asset Performance Management IIOT: Industrial Internet of Things
APM products such as Meridium for defining asset strategies, RCM and RBI functions
FSM: Field Service Management
Visual Analytics products such as QlikView, Tableau, OSI PI CoreSight etc – to provide near real-time Asset insights through visual dashboards.
IT- Information Technology
S t a t i s t i c a l A n a l y s i s t o o l s s u c h a s H a d o o p, S A P H A N A , R e t c – t o p ro v i d e P re d i c t i ve / P re ve n t i ve M a i n t e n a n c e insights. Geo Spatial Applications such as ESRI GIS and GE S m a l l Wo r l d f o r p r o v i d i n g g e o s p a t i a l a s s e t c o o r d i n a t e s .
SAP-PM: SAP Plant Maintenance OT: Operational Technology SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition GIS: Geospatial information System CIS: Customer Information System ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning
H i g h l e ve l b u s i n e s s b e n e f i t s o f i m p l e m e nt i n g i A P M s o l u t i o n a re highlighted in Figure 1.3 Business Benefits Informed decision-making had never been so precise and razor sharp till the technology-driven integrated asset performance management came into prominence. Also predictive analytics improves asset management and reliability of modern machine learning algorithms positively impact the Oil & Gas industry. Technology enablers such as IIOT thus add more value to convergence of IT-OT applications. www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 12 | October-November 2016
Murali Chandrahasan Head- Engineering IT Solutions L&T Technology Services Email: C.Murali@lnttechservices.com
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FEATURES
Accuracy & Connectivity in Flare Gas Monitoring Accurate measurement is critical to safety and profitability in the Oil & Gas industry. Lana Ginns, Marketing Manager at Fluenta, discusses the importance of flare gas measurement and how operators can ensure monitoring is accurate, effective and meaningful. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 is estimated to have released 210 million gallons of oil into the environment around the Gulf of Mexico. The cost of the tragedy was measured in human lives, environmental damage, broken businesses and reputational disaster, aside from the billions in compensation. Oil exploration is dangerous. While reducing risk is the most critical element to the industry, central to understanding and managing risk is access to accurate information. In the Oil & Gas Industry, the difference between delivering success 99.9 per cent of the time and 99.999 per cent of the time could be a matter of life and death. Flare gas measurement The extraction of highly flammable liquids and gases from the earth involves precise technology combined with experience and expertise developed over decades and stringent safety regimes. Despite well publicised incidents that occasionally take place, the industry is safe and consistently getting safer. The publicity that comes with oil and gas explosions demonstrates how rare these incidents are.
Burning excess gas by flare is a critical part of any operator’s safety regime. Flare stacks are often used for burning flammable gas released by pressure relief valves during unplanned over-pressuring of plant equipment. This often takes place during start-ups and shutdowns in production when the volume of gas being extracted can be uncertain. Flare stacks provide a critical means to ensure safety – not allowing the gas to escape would cause a significant build-up of pressure and increase the risk of explosion. But gas is not only flared for safety reasons. When crude oil is extracted and produced from onshore or offshore oil wells, raw natural gas also comes to the surface. In areas of the world lacking pipelines and other gas transportation infrastructure, this gas is commonly flared. The question of emissions Flaring has long been recognised as a leading contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and consequently global warming. Associated gas from the oil extraction process produces more than 300 million tons of CO2 emissions
Figure1: Flare Engineer www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 14 | October-November 2016
FEATURES a central consideration. This indicates the range of flow that a meter is able to measure with acceptable accuracy. If, for example, gas flow varies from 100,000m3 per day to 1,000,000m3 per day, a meter would require a turndown ratio of at least 10 to record accurately. There are four primary technologies around gas measurement: • Differential Pressure (Dp) Devices: DP devices were used in the earliest days of flow measurement and were often deployed for transmission and distribution of gas. These devices have a limited turndown ratio and often need a long, straight line of piping to be effective. That piping, and the space it requires, is expensive. • Thermal Mass Measurement: Thermal meters use two sensors to determine flow rate: one of the sensors is constantly heated and flow is measured by monitoring the cooling effects of gas on the temperature of the sensor – the faster the flow, the cooler the sensor will become. With turndown ratios of up to 600, these meters are suitable for the unpredictable nature of flare measurement but require constant correction when gas composition changes. As a consequence, thermal meters can be expensive to maintain and make it difficult to ensure continuous accuracy.
Figure 2: Christiano Serrano Checking FGM
annually. A 2015 report released by the Western Values Project (WVP), a non-profit organisation focused on sustainable land development, estimates that taxation lost from gas flaring in the US alone amounts to more than $50 million annually. While the Oil & Gas Industry has come a long way in its recognition and reduction of emissions, increasing regulatory focus and additional public and media attention means the industry must make more progress in the way it measures and manages GHG emissions. Flaring gas is subject to regulation in many parts of the world. Penalties, taxes and fines for flaring are common around the globe and flaring itself is an issue that is being addressed by the European Union, the United Nations and the World Bank.
• Photo/Optical Technology: This method of measurement uses particles in the gas stream to reflect laser beams. The volume and velocity of gas is proportionate to the time it takes particles to travel between the laser beams. With a turndown ratio of 1500, this method of measurement is flexible enough for flow monitoring but does not work with clean gas, where there are few or no particles. It is also susceptible to degradation caused by moisture and condensation meaning there are high maintenance costs. • Ultrasonic: The most reliable measurement tool for gas is ultrasonic. This method measures the time it takes for ultrasonic waves to travel across a pipe both upstream and downstream. The difference between these two values provides the most accurate measurement of flow. Ultrasonic measurement has the highest turndown ratio of up to 4000 and is not impacted by the composition or cleanliness of gas. With no mechanical parts within the line, maintenance and support requirements are low, safety is increased, and accuracy is maintained, even at low velocities and varying compositions.
How can operators ensure accuracy? Accurate measurement is required to demonstrate both good practice and ensure a company’s carbon tax obligations are minimised. By employing the most accurate measurement technology, operators can ensure they are not paying more tax than needed while also demonstrating regulatory compliance.
Measurement Automation The most forward thinking operators are now looking to the Internet of Things (IoT) – the global network of devices connected directly to the internet – to further improve measurement efficiency. Connecting flare gas meters to the internet means measurements can be monitored remotely and in real-time and data collected from on-site equipment can be streamed to any location around the world.
Tools used to measure flare gas need to be reliable in some of the most ex treme environments on ear th, where exposure to environmental conditions cannot impact accuracy. The turndown ratio of equipment is
Cloud technology – where software is stored on a central server and accessed via the internet – has transformed how businesses access, pay for and utilise enterprise software. Access to software in this way is now fundamentally
Offshore World | 15 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES
Figure 3: Fluenta Inc (13)
changing the Oil & Gas Industr y ’s approach to asset management, empowering operators with increased visibility and analytics over plant data. It gives operators the ability to monitor equipment installed on a variety of local assets – from offshore oil rigs to chemical production plants – and transmit the data in real-time to be analysed in a completely separate location. Flaring data from a number of sites can be fed into a continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) to enable an operator to collect, record, analyse and report data from multiple sites remotely and in real time. This significantly reduces cost and removes the need for an on-site engineer to manage the hardware and record data. Data is more secure – stored on a remote server – and is not dependent on the reliability of the on-site machine.
Global regulations and targets – such as those agreed at COP21 in Paris in 2015 – mean that emissions repor ting requirements will become increasingly stringent. Reporting will become a national priority and businesses will need to adapt, becoming more efficient in the face of increasing administration costs and carbon taxation. Accurate measurement technology and remote asset monitoring to track flaring volumes can give operators the information and insight they need to inform business strategy during this transition.
Increased control and visibility over emissions data can also be used to gain business advantage. New revenues can be established from existing processes. For example, data can be collated and compared from every site in an operation to optimise the flaring process and support continuous improvement. Best practice from low-emission sites can be implemented in high-emission sites to improve overall efficiency. Conclusion Over the next 10 years connected measurement technology will become central to limiting global temperature rises caused by GHG emissions. High-emission industries, such as those that routinely flare gas, will need to drive adoption of this technology, but they can also harness its speed, flexibility and collaboration capabilities to drive new insight and revenues. www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 16 | October-November 2016
Lana Ginns, Marketing Manager, Fluenta Fluenta Email: lana@fluenta.com
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How Predictive Analytics Maximises Operational Excellence The integration of manufacturing executions systems (MES) in operation along with real-time business performance management solutions are important to extract and logically implement the enormous data that is generated by the businesses to ensure that the operations adapt to the dynamic conditions of the hydrocarbon industry. Modern manufacturing is an ecosystem of interconnected software and hardware that helps refineries; chemical and petrochemical companies optimise plants and achieve operational excellence. As businesses generate vast amounts of data, efficient decision support solutions are needed to make sense of vital information and ensure operations can adapt quickly to dynamic conditions. Today the terms, Industrie 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT ) are widely discussed across the engineering and manufac turing space, including ‘cloud’, ‘big data’. They all have a place to radically automate manufacturing, but they need to be clearly understood and positioned in context with the manufacturer’s operational and commercial objectives. This ar ticle aims to de -mystify buzz-terms that clutter the space and explain how best-prac tice manufac turing executions systems (MES) integrate the operation, using real-time business performance management to optimally control, analyse, monitor and respond to change immediately across all time horizons. Greater predictability in production outcomes means greater profitability. Achieving integration I nte l l i g e nt s o l u t i o n s d e l i ve r i nte l l i g e nt o p e rat i o n a l a n d b u s i n e s s outcomes. The IoT is a term often used to describe automated decision suppor t that is an integrated communications landscape, enabling manufacturers to take predictive decisions based upon models that achieve faster operational efficiencies and deliver greater productivity. Bridging the gap between plant operations and commercial transactions using the latest digital innovations will optimise decision support at the plant floor level through to the executive boardroom. A recently published ARC Insights report highlighted, “The potential of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to transform production operations is one of the hottest current topics in manufac turing. Along with related initiatives, such as Industrie 4.0, IT/OT convergence, and Smart Manufacturing, the IIoT is cited as an approach to make manufacturing production more flexible, cost effective, and responsive to changes in customer demand.” The term industrie 4.0, often described as the fourth industrial revolution, is a collective term embracing a number of contemporary automation, data
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exchange and manufacturing technologies. Not only are manufacturers besieged with a plethora of industr y terms, but also vast volumes of information generated from various sources, including diverse automation systems, such as DCS, PLCs, MES, CPM, ERP, WMS, PIMS, DMS, LIMS, QMS, batch management systems and historians. The capture and collection of data is a major issue for manufacturers because they can be accumulated into disparate forms ranging from spreadsheets and reports to numerous custom applications and systems. Without effective visualisation and analysis tools, employees face evaluating hundreds of static spreadsheets or reports rather than making business-critical decisions based on timely information. However, modern analytics are delivering new capabilities that enable deeper and richer analyses. From monitoring processes to dealing with process upsets, operators, engineers and subject matter experts can gain speedy access to vital information to keep production running smoothly. Addressing root causes If staff have a myopic view of plant behaviour then it is difficult for them to respond quickly to operational issues. Hence, reducing the time spent investigating root causes of plant problems releases operators to spend more time analysing data to make more informed decisions about plant performance. The intelligence gathered from such analyses opens up opportunities to optimise the operation and maximise profitability at key production stages. Manufacturers adopting best practices typically manage their operations utilising real-time data and can distribute, visualise and analyse information intelligently to operate plants profitably. Manufacturing execution systems (MES) fulfil this need, enabling process manufacturers to quickly identify manufacturing performance problems, assess root causes and take corrective actions. A recent repor t on Market Guide for Manufacturing Execution System Software by Gartner highlighted “There will increasingly be more pressure on the MES vendor community to provide tools for analyzing massive amounts of data, as well as to provide predictive technologies for helping manufacturers make better decisions based on the data they are capturing.” The latest software technology creates an ideal environment to enable companies to optimise each of the key areas of the production process, whilst interacting dynamically to meet commercial and operational
Offshore World | 18 | October-November 2016
FEATURES goals. Many companies have adopted integrated MES software platforms to become proficient faster, bringing the power of optimisation to more people in engineering, operations, planning and scheduling across the enterprise. As a result, manufacturers are better able to increase capacity, improve margins, reduce costs and become more energy-efficient. The integrated suite of tools helps stakeholders to collaborate and look across an organisation to make the necessary decisions to respond, take corrective actions in real-time and execute in synchronisation with the overall integrated plan. In addition, the software allows decision-makers to perform such actions either in-plant or via HTML-5 technology enabled mobile devices. Essentially, HTML-5 is a mark-up language used for structuring and presenting content on the Internet and suppor ts the latest multimedia platforms, while making it easily readable by users with current web browsers on compatible computers and devices. Crucially, the power of software applications equips staff with easy-to-use tools that present data in context and in an easy-to-understand manner. Data analytics soft ware automatically identifies and adjusts manufacturing production processes whilst monitoring for discrepancies in model fidelity and helps operators improve efficiency. Many leading companies have adopted AspenTech’s aspenONE MES software solutions to increase profitability, reduce variability and improve overall asset utilisation. The data management capabilities within aspenONE MES collect and organise process data across disparate systems and distribute it across the enterprise to make it easy to optimise data value.
dramatically improve predictive analytics based upon models that support faster and better decisions to optimally plan, schedule, control, and execute products to the highest standard. MES provides the tools that enable companies to reduce variability and improve asset effectiveness. Smar t manufac turing is a system of integrated modern technology a n d p ro ce s s m e t h o d o l o g y t h at m a ke s p ro d u c t i o n m o re e f f i c i e nt, a d a p t a b l e, co s t - e f f e c t i ve a n d re s p o n s i ve to c h a n g e s i n e co n o m i c conditions. Establishing a centre of operational excellence also improves communications and brings planning, scheduling and operational execution closer together. Those refineries, chemical and petrochemical companies that adopt best practices and use cohesive MES software tools can achieve a fully-integrated operation. With improved data analytics, key stakeholders can add immediate value and make more informed decisions quicker to drive increased productivity. The process world is rapidly becoming more competitive. The key driver for for ward-thinking manufacturers is to empower stakeholders with specialist MES tools to enable them to achieve operational excellence. The payback can be seen within six months and with greater predictability comes greater profits.
The aspenONE MES data foundation collects and stores large volumes of real-time and historical data from process control, manufacturing operations, laborator y systems. Additionally, connecting production data with business systems forms the foundation for an enterprise level analysis and decision suppor t platform. Rich calculations, analytic and visualisation tools unlock the data’s value, allowing operators to compare per formance across a range of assets and disseminate best practices to processes and sites that require improvement. aspenONE Process Explorer is the intelligent solution to access, visualise, analyse and monitor plant operations data. It provides secure access from any device connected to the network without the need for client-side add-ins or software installation. With aspenONE Process Explorer users can choose between desktop, laptop, tablets and smartphones, so they are always in touch with their production data, anytime and anywhere. More companies are embracing web-based technology because of its zero install footprint, multi-platform support that comes with HTML-5 and intuitive user interface.
Dr Warren Becraft , Senior Principal Business Consultant, AspenTech
Robert Golightl, Product Marketing, AspenTech
Predictive analytics optimises profitability In today ’s technological landscape of 4.0 and IoT, advanced tools Offshore World | 19 | October-November 2016
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Business Strategies in Today’s Oil & Gas Climate The plunge in the oil prices over the year and the unstable price environment is a matter of concern for exploration and production companies globally. There is a considerable demand for oil, but the rate of growth in demand is comparatively slow then the previous years. The continued decline in the operating costs and increased efficiency are a boon in a step towards balancing the price fall, yet the business strategies need to be defined clearly keeping in mind the environment and relationships with suppliers and commercial partners. The article is featured with due courtsey to OSEA 2016, for which Offshore World is the official media partner. Global oil demand grew strongly in 2015, by 1.8 million barrels per day (mb/d) 1 , and although demand is expec ted to continue to rise in 2016, the rate of growth is expec ted to slow. Strong growth in OPEC produc tion in 2015 saw prices fall steeply as supply has outpaced demand, with little uptick in 2016. With oil prices averaging USD 41 per barrel in 2016 2 , half the 2014 level, there are still significant challenges for exploration and production (E&P) companies globally. For example, the recent confirmation that 2016 will be the Nor th Sea basin’s four th consecutive year of free cash-flow deficit, underlines the major financing issues facing many international companies with interests in the basin. It’s not all doom and gloom though. The news of a continued decline in average operating costs per barrel highlights the progress that has been made to reduce costs and increase efficiency. It is estimated that globally, operating costs in Q1 2016 were 20 per cent lower than Q1 2014 3, and the ongoing move towards greater collaboration between operators is allowing organisations to reassess their operating model, and in many cases this will also be a source of added efficiencies. Prices are unlikely to bounce back to previously high levels in the shortterm, and with supply and demand dynamics unchanged, we expect this to lead to a period of increased deal activity, as the stronger and better capitalised organisations seek to obtain assets at historically low valuations, and others look to strengthen their balance sheet through portfolio restructuring disposals. However, whilst there has been plenty of deal discussion between parties, the number of deals completing in 2015 and 2016 (at least outside of the US) has been low.
plus a deferred payment linked to the oil price Another key issue that companies need to consider when planning their business strategy is their approach to relationships with suppliers and commercial par tnerships, that need to deliver the greatest value in today’s price environment. Cer tainly efficient on-going production operations will be a key component of value, but decommissioning it is also becoming an increasingly important subject as more basins become mature in the new price environment. In the face of this growing challenge many E&P players have failed to recognise the huge opportunity that strategic thinking offers, for production operations, late-life asset management and decommissioning – involving complex decisions and trade-offs about asset portfolios, value realisation, business models, and relationships with partners and suppliers. This means that oil and gas companies should be asking hard questions right now about appetite for risk and deal activity to better manage their asset portfolio effectively; what innovative financing structures are available to them; what are their decommissioning capabilities; and their strategic approach to cooperation with others.
References: NN IHS Upstream operating costs index NN Oil & Gas UK Economic Report 2016 NN Oil & Gas UK Economic Report 2016
It will be critical that deal flow improves to transfer assets into the control of those with the expertise to exploit the remaining reserves, especially in the more complex mature basins where access and aging infrastructure are an issue. The deals that have been done generally involve more innovative deal structures, which have helped to close the gap between buyers and sellers expectations. An example of this would be the acquisition of the Shell’s Anasuria Cluster by Hibiscus and Ping which included an initial consideration, www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 20 | October-November 2016
Emma Wild, Head - Upstream Advisory Practice KPMG
29 Nov – 2 Dec 2016
Marina Bay Sands, Singapore www.osea-asia.com
Future-Ready Your Business Now Are you preparing to make the next spurt when the industry swings back in energy? Be inspired at OSEA2016 – the trusted platform by trade professionals for its relevance to the oil & gas industry for over 40 years.
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• Network and exchange first-hand industry developments with over 13,000 trade visitors from 60 countries / regions. • Learn from the best in the industry and formulate your next winning strategy at the OSEA International Conference which will encompass 18 interactive masterclasses.
Visitors from Asia who stay for a minimum of 2 nights can get up to SGD 100 to offset their spending in Singapore. Find out more about the Meet in Singapore programme at www.osea-asia.com.
• Keep updated with the latest subsea equipment and services at SUBSEA Asia 2016 (first time at OSEA). • Catch interesting product presentations at the new OSEA Tech Garage.
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Energy Commodity Prices Moves North Albeit in Different Proportion Energy Column (Price Review): September - October 2016 Energy commodity prices moved up in the two-month period of September and October 2016, although in varied proportion. Of energy commodities under review, ICE Rotterdam monthly coal futures prices rose the most by 37.6 per cent, while NYMEX gasoline futures prices increased the least by 2.64 per cent.
P
ersisting doubts over the potential agreement on a crude-production freeze by Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) led NYMEX crude oil futures start the month of September at USD 43.16 per barrel, down by 3.45 per cent over previous month’s close. Additionally, data release showing a contraction in the U.S. manufacturing activity raising expectations of weaker energy demand added downward sentiments in crude oil prices. Oil prices then got some boost as data release showing slow job growth in August in U.S. diminished the likelihood that the Federal Reserve will boost interest rates at a meeting later in the month. Russian President calling on oil producers to agree to limit output at an upcoming meeting of OPEC and a big fall in U.S. oil inventory levels also supported the prices. Later, the International Energy Agency cutting its crude-demand forecast, warning that supply will continue to outpace demand well into 2017, pulled oil prices down. On similar lines, a report from the OPEC noted that non-cartel producers such as U.S. and Norway will up their production
and global supply will outpace demand by an average of 760,000 barrels a day in 2017. Further with geo-political tensions subsiding, expectations for increased oil exports from Libya and Nigeria rose, thus pushed NYMEX crude oil futures down to two-month low of USD 42.55 on September 20. Thereafter, Venezuela stating that a deal to stabilize the global oil supply is imminent bet ween nations inside and outside the OPEC helped the recover y in oil prices. Prices also got suppor t on news of renewed militar y conflict in Libya had affected the African countr y’s oil expor ts in addition to weekly data showing fall in U.S. oil inventor y levels. Oil prices then experienced a few volatile sessions on fluctuating expec tations of possible announcement on oil output cut at their upcoming meet in Algeria. Later, oil prices got major boost on news that the OPEC had finally agreed on the need to cap crude production in their meet in Algeria on September 28. OPEC’s surprise move was a turnaround from the cartel’s “market-share
Futures price movement (September - October 2016)
170.00
90.00
NYMEX Heating oil (USd/gal) - LHS
160.00
NYMEX Gasoline (USd/gal) - LHS
80.00
NYMEX WTI crude oil (USD/barrel)
150.00
ICE Rotterdam Monthly Coal (USD/MT)
70.00
140.00
60.00
130.00
50.00
120.00
40.00
Source: Bloomberg www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 22 | October-November 2016
FEATURES 6.25
5.75
Futures price movement (Septmeber - October 2016) ICE-ECX EUAs (Euro/tonne) - LHS
3.50
3.30
NYMEX Natural gas (USD/mmBtu)
5.25
3.10
4.75
2.90
4.25
2.70
3.75
2.50
Source: Bloomberg
first” tactic, signalling that perhaps even large producers were feeling the pain of prolonged low prices. Oil prices got further support from U.S. government data that showed U.S. crude stockpiles fell unexpectedly, for a fifth-straight week. Barring a few intermittent sessions, oil prices continued to move up on data release showing a decline in U.S. crude production for the lower 48 states to a level not seen in more than two years as well as on OPEC’s Secretary-General Mohammad Barkindo voicing the group’s commitment to limit crude production. Eventually, NYMEX crude oil futures registered its two-month high of USD 51.93 on October 19. Oil prices then tumbled on increasing doubts surrounding the OPEC’s plan to curb oil production resurfaced in the wake of Iraq’s apparent unwillingness to participate in the deal. Rise in U.S oil inventory levels also put pressure on oil prices. Finally, NYMEX oil futures prices closed the two-month period of September-October at USD 46.86, registering a rise of 4.83 per cent in the period.
large over the gas market after a record summer demand during the year, limiting inventory gains. In the emission segment, ICE EUA (European Union Allowances) futures moved up by 32.29 per cent in the two month period of SeptemberO c tober closing at Euro 5.9 per tonne, suppor ted by strong power prices and utilities buying ahead of winter season. In coal segment, ICE Rotterdam monthly coal futures prices rose by 37.6 per cent in two-month period of September-October, closing the period at USD 84.36 per MT. An unexpected move earlier in the year by China (world’s largest coal consumer) to slash its coal production to curb emission, continued to help rally in coal prices. (Authors are Managers with Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd., Mumbai. Views expressed here are personal.)
The mild rise in crude oil prices was also reflected in prices of its derivates i.e. heating oil and gasoline. In the two-month period of SeptemberOctober, NYMEX heating oil futures prices moved up by 6.04 per cent closing at USD 1.4955 per gallon; whereas NYMEX gasoline futures prices rose by 2.64 per cent, closing at USD 1.4495 per gallon. The other major energy commodity, NYMEX natural gas futures prices too moved up on similar lines by 4.81 per cent in September-October. Natural gas prices surged as forecasts for U.S. weather showed unexpectedly high temperatures that could prop up electricity demand, thus reducing the gas supply glut. The spectre of coming winter supply constraints loomed
Offshore World | 23 | October-November 2016
Niteen M Jain, Manager, Department of Research & Planning Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd E-mail: niteen.jain@mcxindia.com
Nazir Ahmed Moulvi, Manager, Department of Research & Planning Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd E-mail: nazir.moulvi@mcxindia.com
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FEATURES
Transformation in Oil & Gas Pipeline Operations with IIoT Industrial Internet of Things integrates machine learning and big data technology, harnessing machine to machine communication and automation technologies that have existed in the industry for years. The use of IIoT will enhance accuracy by consistently capturing and communicating data, thereby saving time and money. However, there are challenges of data security, human cooperation, etc. that the technology will face to become completely integrated in the Industrial operations. Paul Vellacott and Bob Ell, Honeywell Process Solutions, UK, explains how, in time, the industrial Internet of Things will transform oil and gas pipeline operations.
The number of connected ‘things’ used worldwide will reach 6.4 billion this year according to research group Gartner. Approximately 5.5 million devices will be connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) everyday – up 30% on 2015. By 2020, this number will have grown to 20.8 billion. Just as the IoT is transforming everyday life, it also promises to revolutionise industry. Consultants Accenture forecast that the industrial IoT (IIoT) could be the biggest driver of growth and productivity in the coming decade, with the potential to add USD 14.2 trillion to the global economy by 2030. The process industry is no exception. The IIoT has the potential to be the most significant development in our automation systems since the introduction of microprocessor based distributed control systems. It offers a wide range of potential uses and benefits: NN Enabling businesses to leverage the vast amounts of data provided by modern automation and control systems NN Providing operations personnel with improved remote monitoring, diagnostic and asset management capabilities NN Enhancing data collection, even in the most dispersed enterprises NN Improving decisions about the actual health of assets NN R educing the time and effor t required for configuration and commissioning
Minimising the need to troubleshoot device issues in the field Bringing new production fields online faster NN Improving collaboration across the company However, the economic benefits of adopting the IIoT are not guaranteed. Firstly, businesses must ensure they are harnessing the potential of the billions of sensors and other devices already in place. As Accenture’s research recently noted: “There is a difference between the availability of these technologies and capitalising on their full potential by applying them effectively within organisations.” NN NN
Further research has found that there are a number of significant barriers to benefiting from the IIoT, in terms of concerns rightly focusing on safety and security, interoperability, the lack of a clearly defined return on investment (ROI) and legacy equipment. Connectivity, compatibility with existing network technologies, connecting to existing automation devices and making effective use of the mobility and increased access to data that the IIoT enables; these are key challenges in the process industries generally and for pipeline operators. In some cases, these barriers lead operators to conclude that it is simpler to just avoid connecting devices. To do so, however, is to forego the substantial benefits the technology can bring. It is also unnecessary, since the challenges to adoption are readily surmountable with the right technological partners. Moreover, as solutions become standardised, they are increasingly cost effective. Given the pressures on margins for operators facing low oil and gas prices, the costs of foregoing the benefits and efficiencies the IIoT can bring could be far greater. Defining Terms At least part of the problem in defining the ROI from the IIoT applications is that the concept of intelligent devices, and the machine-to-machine interfaces underpinning them, is not new to pipeline operators or the process industries in general.
Figure1: . An architecture of the IIoT. www.oswindia.com
The two vital ingredients that distinguish the IIoT are use of connectivity to the Internet and IP-based protocols such as HTTPS and Internet-based cloud computing. Offshore World | 24 | October-November 2016
FEATURES responses. Workers not only need to connect to be effective, but also to collaborate, which is made more difficult when they are increasingly based miles– or thousands of miles – apart. An increased storage capability also brings its own challenges. A key recognition of recent years has been that few operations suffer from an insufficient amount of data. In fact, the growing mass of data is a defining characteristic of most modern automation and control systems. However, the challenge has been to process, organise, analyse and prioritise this data in order to transform it into actionable intelligence. Finally, there are practical concerns about the journey towards increased connectivity, and the impact on legacy investments in traditional architectures, devices and systems. Operators are keen to protect investments and avoid huge upheavals in control strategies, supervisory applications and HMI graphics as the automation system evolves. Figure 2. The traditional Purdue model.
The IIoT relies on the edge and gateways, controllers, networks and storage – components familiar to most industrial systems. The location of these components is significantly different, however (Figure 1): NN
NN
The edge comprises the plant or pipeline based sensors, actuators, and controllers – the ‘things’ of the IIoT, as well as the human machine interfaces (HMIs). Some devices are connected directly to the network via 3G/4G cellular or Wi-Fi, while others are connected through the edge gateway, which provides connectivity to one or more devices that support only local connectivity The network connects the components of the architecture together through IP-based protocols
NN
The cloud combines both storage and computing, as well as applications for analytics, reporting, control and user interfaces when these are not at the edge The use of the Internet as the system’s network, and cloud for its storage, enhances the capabilities of traditional control systems in two key respects. Firstly, the cloud dramatically increases the volume of data that can be feasibly stored, and therefore drawn on, while also massively increasing the elasticity of computing capabilities to do so. It removes the need for firms to manage their computing infrastructure, and reduces the costs associated with adding CPUs and disk space.
NN
Secondly, it has a similarly profound effect on connectivity, both the ability to connect far greater numbers and more widely dispersed devices, as well as sharing their data with more and more remote and mobile users. Challenges of Wider, Deeper Data and Connectivity These benefits are directly related to some of the key challenges of the IIoT. The focus on security in industrial control systems is more intense than ever. The increased connectivity brings another challenge too. By increasing the ability of workers to connect remotely and through mobile devices, organisations face the difficulty of ensuring co-ordinated activity and
Solving the Puzzle There is undoubtedly still work to be done in all these areas. However, considerable progress has already been made to allow industrial control system users to gain the benefits of the IIoT while also controlling the risks. To take connectivity first, a key part of the development of the IIoT will be the development of standards to support the connection of data from a wide range of disparate devices and systems. OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) responds to this, extending the widely used OPC communication protocol to allow products to easily interconnect and share data in meaningful and effective ways. As a result, an increasing number of manufacturers are embedding OPC UA in their devices, ready to connect to the IIoT. At the same time, many of the general approaches to security remain unchanged, even in the context of an IIoT environment. They include effective physical security, procedures and policies, combined with software and hardware defences, and can mitigate risks using a ‘layers of protection’ approach. The risks are also controlled by employing a suitable architecture. Figure 2 shows a traditional Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture model: the physical process (Level 0), basic control (Level 1), area control (Level 2), site manufacturing operations and control (Level 3), business planning and logistics (Level 4), and enterprise wide business systems, such as ERP systems (Level 5). In this model, a Level 3.5 demilitarised zone (DMZ) helps segregate the system to better control access and cyber security. For the IIoT, the model would look slightly different. However, this system can still be secured by ensuring automation system functionality is placed either in hardened edge computing environment, which benefits from traditional, existing cyber security protections, or in the cloud, where economies of scale and centralised control enable extremely tight access control and communications security to be built-in. Making Sense of the Data Arguably the greatest determination to the success of an IIoT deployment will be what is done with the data.
Offshore World | 25 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES
DECEMBER 2015 - JANUARY 2016 VOL. 13 ISSUE 1 Mumbai ` 150
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IIoT operations have yet to achieve this level of sophistication. However, as the technology develops and solutions become standardised, costs are reducing and the potential benefits grow. The limits to the potential of the IIoT are no longer practical, but imaginative.
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The IIoT includes a vast array of technologies, not all of which will be adopted at once. However, in time, and together, they will transform operations. Let’s take a common scenario of a fault on a pipeline. In this situation, increased sensor data will quickly identify and locate a problem on a pipe. Wearable devices, intelligent vehicles and connected enterprises will then identify the location of the staff and vehicles best placed, equipped and trained to fix the issue. Meanwhile, other experts will be contacted remotely to collaborate with workers on the ground to resolve the problem faster. On the customer side, enhanced connectivity will automatically inform them how long the interruption to their service is likely to last.
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In practice, the IIoT comprises billions of devices and thousands of applications. It potentially includes technologies such as Honeywell’s wearable IoT connected safety solutions developed with Intel. In these solutions, a variety of sensors worn on the worker that monitor for toxic gas exposure, breathing, heart rate, posture and motion, and send the data and actionable intelligence for display remotely on a visual, cloud- based dashboard for plant managers and incident commanders. It also includes augmented reality solutions for mobile workers, who can use the cameras and connectivity of their phones to display detailed information about the components and parts on a device they are looking at.
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DECEMBER 2015 - JANUARY 2016
Only Connect Closely related to this are enhancements to collaboration. Data needs to not only be interpreted and organised; it must also reach the right people, and bring people together where a range of input is needed. IIoT technologies are key to this. On the one hand, the availability of data results in operations able to run with a dispersed workforce. On the other, Internet-connected mobile devices can run increasingly sophisticated HMIs to enable users to manage and make sense of that data flow.
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Two aspects here are key. Firstly, ensuring data is organised and interpreted in a way that is useful for users. A number of technologies help with this. An important one is templating to automatically detect the type of device or instrument connected, and organise the key information into a useable format. Data analytics has the potential to transform operations. Consider condition monitoring for example, which traditionally relies on developing a model of the processes and tracking process variables against this, in order to detect anomalies that might indicate a fault. However, over time process and plant changes can render the model inaccurate. Using big data analytics rather than trying to understand and map the process, raw data can be simply analysed for patterns and correlations identified from past incidents, without reliance on a model. Such approaches could radically enhance operators’ capabilities in areas such as leak detection.
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Advancements in Oil & Gas Industry
Dear Readers, Offshore World (OSW), a bimonthly publication of Jasubhai Media & CHEMTECH Foundation, disseminates into the entire hydrocarbon industry from upstream to midstream to downstream. The endeavour of OSW is to become a vehicle in making “Hydrocarbon Vision 2025” a reality in terms of technologies, markets and new directions, and to stand as a medium of reflection of the achievements and aspirations of Indian hydrocarbon industry. OSW, the niche bi-monthly publication, covers insights into Exploration & Production, EPC/M in Oil & Gas Industry, Hydrocarbon Infrastructure viz; Oil & Gas Logistics, Transportation and Pipelines; Hydrocarbon Processing & Refining; Natural Gas and LNG through articles and features by industry Leaders and Dignitaries. The publication also carries inputs and views of Policy & Regulations; latest trends and technology from Policy Makers and Experts from Hydrocarbon Industry. You can share technical articles, case studies, and product write-ups in OSW. • Article length should around 1500-2000 words, along with maximum three illustrations, images, graphs, charts, etc. • All images should high resolution (300 DPI) and attached separately in JPEG or JPG format. • Product write-up length should be around 150-200 words, along with image of the product and contact details. Have a look at Editorial calnder of OSW - www.oswindia.com To know more about Chemtech Foundation, Jasubhai Media and other publication and events, please our website – www.chemtech-online.com Thank you, Regards, Nidhi Agrawal (Sub- Editor) Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd Tel: +91 22 4037 3636 ( Dir: 40373678) | E-mail: nidhi_agrawal@jasubhai.com
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FEATURES
Modularization of Liquefied Natural Gas Facility Modular plants are becoming ‘new normal’ in the LNG industry. With ever increasing demand for energy, the search for oil and gas has widened to deep water, remote and challenging conditions. Also, with recent developments in technology and innovation, processing of natural gas at remote locations is becoming economically viable. Natural gas is known as the cleanest form of energy. Historically, natural gas is in use for years but there has been continuous advancement in the technology and logistics to make the LNG plants more efficient and economically viable. One of technique towards making it possible is modularization. The article discusses about the modularization technique explaining its benefits, approaches, considerations for selection, risks and application to LNG industry.
I
t is an economic approach to design that applies the principle of ‘divide and rule’. It means that the process is divided in separate modules and optimized to enhance clarity, simplicity, flexibility and allowing work in parallel.
Create Variety: Customize product to provide customer a well fitted product.
A module is an essential and self-contained functional unit relative to the product of which it is part. The module has, relative to a system definition, standardized interfaces and interactions that allow composition of products by combination (Figure 1).
Reduce Complexity: To enable better handling and improve overview. This can be achieved by breaking down in independent units, working in parallel, distributing tasks, better planning.
• Modularity is an attribute of a system related to structure and functionality. A modular structure is a structure consisting of self-contained, functional units (modules) with standardized inter faces and interactions in accordance with a system definition. Replacing one module with another creates a new variant of the product. • Modularization is the activity in which the structuring in modules takes place.
Figure 2 explains the drivers behind Modularization technique which make this technique handy in large industrial applications.
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The technique offers range of benefits as follows: • Significantly lower capital cost requirement (easier financing) with faster construction and faster product to market (earlier revenue stream during development of gas field) • Standardized, ‘off the shelf’ design, proven technology, minimal (re)engineering • Maximized shop fabrication, minimized field construction, ‘plug and play’ concept • Less complex design means simpler plant operation, improved turndown capability and lower maintenance downtime with multiple production modules • Flexibility to incorporate additional modular trains to add capacity to the facility to suit the particular characteristics of a given gas field (deferred investment) • Plant can be dismantled and relocated when a gas field is depleted (reduced investment risk) Modularization Approaches Currently there are two approaches to achieve modularization.
Figure 1: Knowledge Management in Modularization
Figure 2: Basic Drivers behind Modularization
Utilize Similarities: Reuse resources and standardize to reduce risks using well-known solutions, hence, increasing efficiency.
Customized Designs: This approach is largely followed in the industry to suit the project requirements. The module is designed to meet the specifications for the project. As the design is customized, it takes efforts to design, optimize, document, fabricate and train the operator which is linked with the cost and schedule of the project. In this approach, the fabrication and related permission procedures are need to be carried out well in advance to meet the schedule requirement. Standard Designs: As the name suggest, standard modules are used to meet the project requirements. Many of the technology companies have developed standard designs of the module depending upon the widely used technology and capacity requirements. This approach reduces the design man-hours, cost of fabrication and training requirements. However, it requires that decision over the use shall be taken during initial stages of the project when conceptual document such as plot plan layout is developed.
Offshore World | 28 | October-November 2016
FEATURES Application of Modularization Concept to LNG Plant Typically, natural gas plants can be categorized as below (Figure 3):
Figure 3: Construction Types of LNG Plant
Stick Built: This is the most common LNG plant construction method. This requires availability of labor at low cost, site suitable for outdoor work, suitable climatic conditions and large site facility. This method enables low cost construction, schedule flexibility and use of large work forces at site. Sites in location such as Middle East region are suitable for stick built due to vast availability of skilled labor at cheap rate. Modular: This is suitable for plants where site is remotely located, climatic conditions are challenging, labor is costly and site preparation work is significant. This method enables reduction in plant foot print, lower onsite man-power cost and reduction of construction area. Remote locations such as Australia use modular type of construction. Barge Concept: This method utilizes a barge to borne and operate process facilities. The purpose of using barge is essentially due to non-availability of sufficient land space. This method also reduces the need of steelwork on site, allows prefabrication of modular components off-site in a convenient dry-dock situation and, most importantly, gives cost savings as well as higher productivity compared with constructing the plant on site. This also reduces plant footprint and used where plant conditions are challenging for site work. Floating LNG: This is offshore LNG plant. This eliminates the need to route the gas onshore to liquefy and storage, thus, eliminating on-shore liquefaction plant and subsea pipe work. These are most suitable for remote locations with difficult access and sensitive environmental areas, where minimum onsite work is required and possibility of having large work force on site is challenging.
Figure 4: Decision Tree for Modular vs Stick Built Design
Barge and FLNG plants are becoming the need of the hour with the need to explore energy in challenging conditions. Modular designs make construction of these plants possible. Selection of Modular Design Figure 4 typically explains the parameters utilized to make a decision on selection of modular design. Factors such as local content also need to be taken into consideration. Requirement of local content may make it difficult to outsource work and may eliminate benefits of modularization. Next, important question arises is how big or small is good enough size for a module. Decision over the size of the module is a key consideration at the early stages of design that requires assessment of range of factors affecting design and construction (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Module Definition
Note: Definition of module may vary depending upon site, fabricator/supplier
Offshore World | 29 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES Benefits of Modules Depending upon Size
Key Factors: • Larger the modularization more is the construction cost due to additional steel work required to withstand rigors of shipping, additional cost of shipping and transportation of module at site. However, higher cost of modularization is often offset by reduction in labor cost. • Larger the modulacrization, lower is the overall project cost due to lower field construction cost and shorter construction schedule. • Larger modules require bigger fabrication facilities, multiple construction locations which increases complexity of the project. This requires experienced personnel to plan and execute the activities. • For larger modules, engineering design needs to be completed earlier as the delay can potentially impact the schedule. This is also required to avoid rework in fabrication. • Bulk materials needs to be delivered at fabrication site in advance to meet schedule • Large modules require more complex logistics • For remote locations, module size might be constrained by available shipping, haul road limitations and the available capacity of heavy lift and transportation equipment. • Extent of dredging requirements to bring large modules in larger modules can help reduce costs. Risks Associated with Modularization Modularization benefits the project to achieve lower cost and schedule. However, it is essential to identify risk associated with the modularization.
Table 1 discusses the typical risks. Detail assessment of the risks related to particular project may yield additional results. Modularization of LNG Plant Figure 6 shows the typical stages involved in the realization of modular LNG plant. The schedule of the project depends upon number of factors not limited to location of site, size of the project, facilities involved (Onshore/ offshore/Subsea), stakeholders’ requirement, government regulations, environmental regulations. LNG Plant Process Typical blocks involved in the process flow diagram of LNG process can be identified as follows (Figure 7): NGL: Natural Gas Liquids Typically, the type of technologies involved in the process and design requirements are finalized during pre-FEED stage. During FEED stage, detailed module specifications including layout requirements are generated. The procurement of these modules can start at FEED stage itself subject to assessment of risks. Subcontracting, pre-fabrication, module fabrication can start parallel to design phase. Depending upon the project requirement, each module can be customized or standardized designs can be implemented. Use of standardized designs reduces project schedule and lower cost of fabrication. Where lengthy permitting process is involved, the project schedule can be reduced by early start of work at the fabrication site.
Table 1: Risk vs Effect Analysis Risk
Effect
Delay in development of Modularization strategy and plan
Result in increased project schedule time and project cost and in turn delay in production
Delivery of incomplete modules at shipment
Impact on project schedule, rework for fabrication, logistics issues and increase in project cost
Late engineering deliverables or late revisions
Rework at fabrication site, increase in project cost
Late delivery of steel and piping at site
Construction delay, impact on schedule
Late delivery of Instrument, electrical and EHT materials
Construction delay, impact on schedule
Modules delivered late and/or in wrong sequence
Impact on project schedule, construction delays
Shop workload exceeds capacity
Late delivery, may hamper design accuracy
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Offshore World | 30 | October-November 2016
FEATURES Cost Distribution of Large Modular Plant
NGL: Natural Gas Liquids Figure 7: Natural Gas Plant Process References 1. A rif Habibullah, et al, LNG conceptual design strategies, 88th GPA Annual Convention in San Antonio, TX, March 2009 2. A rthur J Kidnay & William R Parrish, Fundamentals of Natural gas processing, Taylor and Francis Group, ISBN: 978-0-8493-3406-1, 2006 3. C arliss Young Baldwin & Kim B Clark, Design rules: The power of modularity, The MIT Press, ISBN: 0262024667, 1999 4. J alj, et al, LNG seminar, Murmansk, Russia, 2012 5. M ax Nussbaum& Marin Folo, Design Selection of Cameroon LNG project, Gas technology, 2013 6. R ichard Brookfield & Jeremy Cooke, LNG engineering firms embrace modular approach to building liquefaction plants, LNG Journal, July 2011 7. Tetsuo YOSHIMOTO, Modularization, Design Optimization, and Design Rationalization: A Case Study of Electronics Products, Annals of Business Administrative Science 8, 75–90, 2009
Figure 6: Typical Lifecycle of Modularized LNG Plant and Schedule
8. T homas D. Miller, et al, Defining Modules, Modularity and Modularization-Evolution
To make the process successful, technology supplier/design supplier needs to have maximum collaboration between Owner, Engineer, Procurement, Construction, Project Management and Fabricators.
of the Concept in a Historical Perspective, Proceedings of the 13th IPS Research Seminar, Fuglsoe 1998. 9. S nohvit LNG Export Terminal, Melkoya Island, Norway (The Article was originally published in OSW Vol.13 Issue 3)
Future Trend Few LNG modularization concepts have been applied to-date. However, modularization approaches such as standardizing modules are being developed in order to further reduce costs. The focus on standardizing the modules will also help reduce procurement cycle time, schedule, and operator training time. Offshore World | 31 | October-November 2016
Sushant G Labhasetwar Process Engineering Consultant Email: sush.2005@gmail.com www.oswindia.com
FEATURES
CLPM: Delivering on the Promise of Plant-wide Optimisation Petrochemical manufacturers experience unique challenges when it comes to maintaining effective regulator y control. As practitioners know that the dynamics of petrochemical processes are complex. From the volatility of batch reactions and rapid responses of pressure control to the highly nonlinear and the sluggish nature of temperature control, the range of both process dynamics and industr y applications routinely push the common PID controller to its limits. Whereas an effectively tuned PID can enable safe and efficient production, a poorly tuned controller can inadver tently hamper quality and constrain production throughput. Innovations in process modeling technology have proven to simplify the tuning of individual PIDs. Only recently these innovations have been applied to simplifying controller optimisation on a plant-wide basis.
Propor tional Integral Derivative (PID) remains the dominant regulator y
Regular tuning of plant PIDs is generally acknowledged as a best-
control solution used by petrochemical manufacturers. Indeed, it is
practice that provides meaningful financial benefits. A study published
the control solution of choice across the process industries around the
in 2001 by the UK’s Energy Efficiency Best Practices Programme found
globe. Widespread adoption of the PID controller has been facilitated
that manufacturers who frequently tuned their facility’s PID controllers
by its relative low cost and ease of configuration. These positive
realised significant gains. Among the study’s findings were increases
attributes notwithstanding, PID controllers must be tuned for their
in throughput of up to 5 per cent and reductions in quality related
unique application in order to deliver the objective level of performance.
defects of as much as 50 per cent. Even though the potential gains are
Historically the tuning of PIDs – whether manually or with the help of
significant, the challenge of regularly tuning the PIDs of their complex
software – has proven to be a challenge.
processes has proven greater for most manufacturers.
F i g u re 1 : T h e U K ’s E n e rg y E f f i c i e n c y B e s t P ra c t i ce s P ro g ra m m e l i n k e d re g u l a r t u n i n g o f P I D s t o s i g n i f i ca n t e co n o m i c g a i n s . I m p rove m e n t s to b o t h to p - l i n e a n d b o t to m - l i n e p e r fo rm a n ce we re d o c u m e n te d. www.oswindia.com
Offshore World | 32 | October-November 2016
FEATURES
Figure 2 – Traditional tuning software had failed repeatedly to model Evonik’s batch dynamics accurately, forcing plant staff to operate controllers in manual mode during start-up and resulting in a combination of overshoot and long settling times. The NSS modeling innovation made it possible to tune the highly variable process, eliminating overshoot and reducing settling time by ~85 per cent.
Software products for tuning PID controllers have been available for decades, promising a repeatable method and optimal results. As such, these tools sought to automate the process and correct the deficiencies inherent with manual tuning techniques. Unfor tunately, early tuning software proved incapable of modeling the highly variable dynamics c o m m o n i n i n d u s t r i a l p ro c e s s m a n u f a c t u r i n g. M o re s p e c i f i c a l l y, they required prac titioners to settle a process before per forming the appropriate testing (e.g. step, bump, doublet). This steady-state requirement proved impractical for many petrochemical applications characterised by their noisy, oscillator y behavior. In 2008, a major innovation in dynamic process modeling was introduced that enhanced the value proposition of tuning software. Non-steady state (NSS) modeling eliminated the need for a settled process prior to tuning the associated PID. With its unique abilit y to accurately model process dynamics using noisy, oscillator y – even long deadtime – process data, the innovation made it possible to improve the per formance of loops that were previously viewed as ‘off limits’ for traditional tuning techniques due to their complexit y or economic impor tance. Proof of the innovation’s value to process manufacturers in general and chemical manufacturers was par ticularly quick in coming. Mastering Real-World Dynamics Evonik Industries is a leader in the global petrochemicals market with operations in over 100 countries. The company’s facility located
an unnecessarily long cycle time and the loss of valuable production potential. It wasn’t until they utilised soft ware equipped with NSS modeling that the plant could establish effective, efficient control over its batch processes. “We experimented with other tuning sof t ware packages to see if they could accurately model our batch dynamics,” noted John Gaines, Production Manager at the Kansas Plant. “In order for the tools to work properly, they required us to settle out our process and conduct bump tests star ting from a steady state. In the world of batch processes, that requirement is simply not realistic and it forced us to control the process manually.” Improvements in the plant’s PID control were immediate and exceeded t h e m a x i m u m i n c re a s e i n p ro d u c t i o n t h ro u g h p u t t h a t h a d b e e n previously published by the Energy Best Practices Programme. Using software equipped with the NSS Modeling Innovation, Evonik engineers accurately modeled the process’ dynamics and tuned the associated loops for a combination of zero overshoot and minimal settling time. Using the new parameters, the plant operated the process in closed-loop during startup for the first time. More importantly, engineers documented a 9.3 per cent reduction in production cycle time. Even so, the per formance gains were only realised after engineers had singled out the bad acting PIDs. What’s more, gains were limited to individual control loops and not yet realised plant-wide.
in Galena, Kansas (USA) manufac tures an array of pharmaceutical intermediates, specialt y chemicals and herbicides, and industrial
Taking Innovation to New Levels
solvents. Process complexity and poor controller tuning had resulted
For years, manufacturers across the petrochemical industr y have been
in excessive overshoot and persistent oscillations when the plant’s
pushing automation technology suppliers to move beyond single loop
controllers were operated in automatic during star t up. In order to
optimisation. In response, Control Loop Performance Monitoring (CLPM)
correct for these issues the plant’s engineering staff routinely operated
technologies were introduced to the market at the star t of the new
controllers in manual mode at the star t of each batch. The outcome was
millennium. The ability of CLPM technologies to capitalise on ever yday
Offshore World | 33 | October-November 2016
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FEATURES
Figure 3 - Selec t CLPM solutions automatically capture both closed-loop set point changes and open-loop output changes, calculating models of the a ssociated process dynamics. Aggregated modeling data offers a comprehensive view of a given control l o o p ’ s b e h a v i o r a n d i t p r o v i d e s t h e b a s i s f o r t u n i n g v a l u e s s u i t a b l e f o r c o n t r o l l i n g t h a t s a m e r a n g e o f b e h a v i o r.
models, however, was only introduced during the last decade. Like
horizontal wells into a known oil reservoir. Steam is injected via one well in order to reduce the oil’s viscosity and to cause it to drain downward
traditional tuning software, early CLPM solutions with this capability
into a second well where it is collected and pumped out for refining.
set point changes and output changes to automatically produce process
required steady-state conditions in order to produce meaningful models and actionable information. The same noisy, oscillatory data that limited the effectiveness of early PID controller tuning software also constrained the efficacy of CLPM technologies. The first integration of NSS modeling with a CLPM solution was completed in 2013. With its ability to accurately model noisy, oscillator y data, the innovation allowed accurate plant-wide modeling of the complex dynamics common to petrochemical processes. This advancement allows CLPM solutions to fully capitalise on the considerable number of closedloop set point and open-loop output changes that occur daily at a typical plant. Additionally, select CLPM solutions can aggregate the analysis from
all
models
associated
with
a
given
P I D c o n t r o l l o o p, p r o v i d i n g a m o r e c o m p l e t e a s s e s s m e n t o f a g i v e n l o o p’s d y n a m i c s a n d m o r e r e l e v a n t r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s
A single SAGD facility is generally comprised of several steam generating units, a water separation area, and up to a half dozen ex traction pads. Such a facility employs approximately 1000 PID control loops in the regulation of continuous oil ex traction and processing. In the best of times the super vision of such a production facility is challenging. That challenge is exacerbated when the price of oil is depressed and fewer staffs are available to oversee the production process. Technologies like CLPM enable these plants to proac tively monitor their critical control systems. They improve staff efficiency by identifying changes that can affect per formance – changes that are routinely overlooked. More impor tantly CLPM technologies actively monitor per formance, recommending adjustments for maintaining optimal plant-wide control and production.
for controller optimisation. For the first time, control loop optimisation
Large Scale Modeling and Tuning
is truly possible on a plant-wide basis. For manufacturers of all types,
An independent oil producer located near For t McMurray, Alber ta
this is welcome news. (See Figure 3)
first implemented CLPM technology in 2014 to improve produc tion efficienc y across its ex trac tion facilities. The producer understood
Understanding the Oil Sands
that a transition from reactive controller corrections to proactive PID
Petrochemical companies located in the tar sands of Canada apply a
optimisation would lead to lower overall production costs. In order to
unique process in their ex traction of crude oil. The Athabasca oil sands
achieve its goal, however, the CLPM technology would need to go beyond
are known as a rich source of both heavy crude and bitumen. Indeed,
providing standard process analytics and find meaningful oppor tunities
the Government of Alber ta has concluded that the oil sands of Canada
for improvement; it would need to recommend specific adjustments to
represent a full 70% of the world’s proven natural bitumen reser ves.
regulator y control using little more than ever yday set point changes
In order to process the crude oil contained in oil sands it must first be
as the basis for its optimisation.
separated from the par tially consolidated sandstone and loose sand that surrounds it. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is a common method for separating oil from earth. The process involves the drilling of www.oswindia.com
Th e b e n e f i t s a n d co m p u t at i o n a l c h a l l e n g e s a s s o c i ate d w i t h N S S modeling are significant when applied to CLPM technology and plant-
Offshore World | 34 | October-November 2016
FEATURES
F i g u r e 4 – P l a n t E S P ’ s Tu n e V u e ™ f e a t u r e a g g r e g a t e s p r o c e s s m o d e l d a t a a n d r e c o m m e n d s P I D t u n i n g p a r a m e t e r s . S h o w n a b o v e i s t h e t re n d f ro m a S AG D p l a n t . T h e c o n t ro l l o o p’s p e r f o r m a n c e c a n b e s e e n t o i m p ro v e d ra m a t i c a l l y b a s e d o n u s e o f C L P M s o l u t i o n’s tuning recommendation.
wide monitoring. In comparison, the effectiveness of the optimisation routines of traditional process modeling and tuning produc ts are severely constrained by the noisy, oscillator y conditions t ypically present in plants. Now consider that one SAGD facility utilises a total of 995 PIDs to regulate control. During a span of 121 days, because of its use of NSS, the CLPM technology successfully identified and modeled a total of 323,612 closed-loop set point changes and open-loop output changes. That can be equated to nearly 3 model fits per loop each day and nearly 1 million model fits across the plant each year. While the processing requirements were truly significant, the benefits were equally meaningful.
to a d d re s s t h e n o i s y, o s c i l l ato r y co n d i t i o n s w h i c h p e t ro c h e m i ca l manufac turers view as the ‘real world’. For tunately, there are now CLPM solutions equipped with NSS modeling that can overcome these challenges. Unique capabilities for modeling and tuning have simplified controller optimisation on a plant-wide basis. (The article was originally published in Chemical Engineering World Vol. 51 Issue 6)
The benefits of CLPM matched the goal established by the producer. In addition to identifying mechanical challenges such as valve stic tion along with isolating issues linked to loop interac tion, the C L P M s o l u t i o n f o u n d n u m e ro u s o p p o r t u n i t i e s f o r P I D c o n t ro l l e r t u n i n g. M a ny o f t h e re co m m e n d at i o n s s u rp ri s e d p ro d u c t i o n s t a f f as they believed the associated PIDs were already tuned optimally. Using aggregated model data and analysis of tuning parameters, however, the CLPM solution visually clarified how the existing tuning p a ra m e te r s h a d f a i l e d to p rov i d e a d e q u ate co nt ro l u n d e r n o r m a l
Don Wilkey Managing Director Daesim Technologies Pty Ltd Brisbane, Australia E: dwilkey@daesim.com
operating conditions. Once the new parameters were implemented the engineers saw immediate improvements. The transition from reactive to proactive loop management was completed. (See Figure 4) Simplifying Plant-wide Optimisation Petrochemical manufacturers are faced with unique challenges in the control and optimisation of their production processes. The complex dynamics associated with t ypical petrochemical processes require i n n o v a t i o n s o l u t i o n s. S p e c i f i c a l l y, t h o s e s o l u t i o n s h a v e n e e d e d Offshore World | 35 | October-November 2016
Damien Munroe General Manager Control Station Limited Roscrea, Ireland E: damien.munroe@controlstation.com
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Spot On In Zone 1 - Versatile And Robust Led Floodlights
E
nergy-efficient LED technology makes R. STAHL’s new generation of flexible floodlights for hazardous areas shine. High-quality TIR lenses minimise scattered light and glare effects and enable light distribution focussed on angles of 10°, 40° or 120°. The devices are therefore not only suitable for spot and wide-angle lighting, but can even be installed as pendant lights. The new 6125 series (for zone 1) and 6525 series (for zone 2) floodlights achieve excellent luminous flux: 21,000 lm in versions with 210 W power consumption and 12,000 lm in 120 W models. With this luminaire efficiency of 100 lm/W, they are not only far more efficient than conventional HID lights, but also require significantly less maintenance. The lense-panel modules are equipped with hinges for easy installation, maintenance and repair of the removable components. Even under extreme conditions, the service life of these products is specified at 50,000 hours of operation at maximum ambient temperatures. Their superior durability fully enables them to sustain challenging environments e.g. in the chemical industry or in oil and gas extraction over the long term. Their high tolerance for ambient temperatures in a very broad range from -40 °C to + 60 °C is a stand-out feature in this product class. Featuring a corrosion-resistant body and comparably low weight, these floodlights are
Illustration: The extremely robust new LED floodlights from R. STAHL provide highly efficient and long-lasting lighting solutions for zone 1, 21, 2 and 22 hazardous areas
an especially good choice for onshore and offshore applications. Special designs with heat sinks made from sea-water-resistant aluminium are also available. For some applications such as general lighting in production and storage facilities in the food industry, they can be ordered with a scatter protection for the glass front panel. The robust enclosures provide IP66/67 ingress protection and a very high shock and impact resistance (IK10). They are available either in powder-coated steel sheet or stainless steel versions. For explosion protection expert R. STAHL, these new floodlights are the final complement to a now comprehensive portfolio of highly efficient LED lighting solutions. R. STAHL presents further information about this new series, LED technology in general and real-life experiences with explosionproof luminaires in harsh conditions at www.stahl-explorers.com
R. STAHL (P) LTD. www.stahl.de Plot Nr.5 Malrosapuram Main Road Sengundram Industrial Area S.P.Koil Kanchipuram District Tamil Nadu Marketing Department Phone: +91 44 30600600 Fax: +91 44 30600700 marketing@rstahl.net
The new 6125 series (for zone 1) and 6525 series (for zone 2) floodlights from R. STAHL are designed for challenging environments such as chemical, food and oil and gas extraction. Offering a service life is of 50,000 hours, they feature high corrosion resistance supported by a robust IP66/67-rated enclosure. www.oswindia.com
R. STAHL Schaltgeraete GmbH www.stahl.de R. STAHL Schaltgeraete GmbH Am Bahnhof 30 74638 Waldenburg, Germany Kerstin WOLF Phone: +49 7942 943-4300 Fax: +49 7942 943-404300 kerstin.wolf@stahl.de
Offshore World | 36 | October-November 2016
MARKETING INITIATIVE
Noncontact Temperature Monitoring in Hazardous Areas
A
ll models from Fluke Process Instruments´ versatile MI3 infrared sensor series are now also available as intrinsically safe versions for use in hazardous environments. The intelligent miniature sensors are fully ATEX and IECEx certified for use in Zones 1 and 2 (gas) and Zones 21 and 22 (dust). The manufacturer supplies a complete intrinsically safe package including the sensor, a communication box, and an Ex power supply. All three components are IP65-rated, and each can be easily exchanged in the field without re-calibration of the entire system. One or two intrinsically safe MI3 sensing heads can be powered by one power supply. The sensor cables can be up to 30 m long in total, providing high flexibility for setting up safe monitoring scenarios. Featuring stainless steel housing with integrated electronics, the rugged MI3 pyrometer is the smallest stand-alone digital infrared temperature sensor for fixed installation on the market today. The MI3 series comprises pyrometers for various spectral ranges and applications, including the 1M and 2M short wavelength models with an excellent 100:1 resolution and 10 ms response time, which are suitable for monitoring temperatures up to +1,800 °C. Each intrinsically safe MI3 sensing head is labeled with the Ex i certification. In the case of the MI3100, this also covers the laser sighting function for easy positioning and aiming. MI3 sensors have excellent EMC characteristics and can be used in ambient temperatures up to +180 °C. Communication boxes are available with RS485, Modbus, Profibus, Ethernet, and Profinet IO interfaces and with four galvanically isolated analog outputs. Automatic head detection and digital communication between sensor and box enable plug and play. The ATEX and IECEx certifications open up many additional areas for the MI3
series, for example steel industry processes using hydrogen atmospheres such as galvanizing, annealing, plating, and coating; hydrogen reduction in the solar industry; petrochemical applications such as sulphur recovery and monitoring boilers, reactors, pipes, and flare control; manufacture and storage of various chemical and agricultural products such as vinyl, fertilizer, starch, alcohols, and flour; fire detection; monitoring mining equipment and conveyors; hazardous waste disposal; and sewage treatment. Fluke Process Instruments Raytek GmbH, Blankenburger Str. 135 13127 Berlin, Germany Clothilde Bugnard Phone: +49 (30) 478008-420 Fax: +49 (30) 4710251 clothilde.bugnard@fluke.com www.flukeprocessinstruments.com
Illustration: The MI3 system minimizes costs per measuring point: two intrinsically safe MI3 sensors can be used with one power supply and communication box installed up to 15 m away Offshore World | 37 | October-November 2016
www.oswindia.com
MARKETING INITIATIVE
Integrated Communication between Industry Automation Devices New Ethernet/IP Linking Device from HMS Enables Highly Integrated Communication between Rockwell Automation Plcs and Devices on Modbus-TCP Communication specialist HMS Industrial Networks now releases the
Easy configuration
second product in their EtherNet/IP Linking Devices family. The new
Users access serial protocol configuration through their existing Studio
EtherNet/IP to Modbus-TCP Linking D evice allows users to connec t
5000 software. All configurations are made inside Studio 5000 where
devices on Modbus-TCP to a Rockwell ControlLogix® or CompactLogix®
there is suppor t for Process Variable Data Tags, as well as manual and
PLC. Users will benefit from the unique integration to R ockwell´s
automatic generation of named and structured Studio 5000 Controller Tags without any required user logic. High performance and stability
Since the Linking Device operates stand-alone (distributed), it doesn´t affect PLC backplane performance (PLC execution time), even when large amounts of data are transferred. The PLC simply scans the Linking Device as if it were any other I/O device on the network. Easier system integration
We r e l e a s e d o u r f i r s t E t h e r N e t / I P L i n k i n g D e v i c e f o r s e r i a l communication in early 2016 and it was ver y well received by the The EtherNet/IP to Modbus-TCP Linking Device from HMS Industrial Networks
market», says Markus Bladh, Produc t Manager at HMS. »With the new
Studio5000 Logix Designer, as all configurations is made from inside
efficient connec tivit y solution bet ween these net works suppor ting
Studio 5000.The EtherNet/IP to Modbus-TCP Linking Device from HMS
big data transfer. And, thanks to the ver y tight integration to Studio
Industrial Networks
5000, Rockwell users can easily access data from Modbus-TCP devices
EtherNet/IP to Modbus-TCP Linking Device, we are able to offer a cost-
such as I/O systems, drives, sensors and instruments. T h e n e w E t h e r N e t / I P t o M o d b u s -TC P L i n k i n g D e v i c e m a k e s i t p o s s i b l e t o i n c l u d e a n y a u t o m a t i o n d e v i c e w i t h M o d b u s TC P c o m m u n i c a t i o n i n t o a n E t h e r N e t / I P- b a s e d n e t w o r k a rc h i t e c t u re suppor ting over 8000 bytes of IO data in total. B esides being a more c o s t - e f f e c t i ve a l te r n a t i ve t o i n - c h a s s i s c o m m u n i c a t i o n m o d u l e s, t h e d i s t r i b u t e d E t h e r N e t / I P t o M o d b u s -TC P L i n k i n g D e v i c e a l s o brings other advantages: Improved system architecture
Contrar y to an in- chassis module which is physically connected to the PLC, the EtherNet/IP to Modbus-TCP Linking D evice can be mounted c l o s e to t h e co n n e c te d d e v i ce s. Th i s m e a n s t h at i t i s p o s s i b l e to establish a connec tion via a single Ethernet cable instead of multiple net work specific cables. All EtherNet/IP Linking D evices from HMS suppor t ODVA´s D evice Level R ing (DLR) for ring topology. www.oswindia.com
Contact Information: HMS Industrial Networks India Private Ltd. “Corporate Plaza”, Unit 1A & 1B, Ground Floor, Senapati Bapat Road, Near Chaturshrungi Temple, Pune – 411016 (M.S.). INDIA. Phone : +91 20 2563 0211 Fax : +91 20 2563 9190 in-sales@hms.se
Offshore World | 38 | October-November 2016
PRODUCTS
BOYSER Peristaltic/Hose Pumps Shanbhag have introduced BOYSER laboratory and industrial peristaltic/hose pumps manufactured for the past 25 years by Bombas Boyser SL of Spain. Construction : A tubular element inside the casing is compressed by the rotary action of the rotor and its corresponding rollers or shoes; it recovers its initial shape creating a vacuum, thus suctioning the fluid into the hose. The fluid gets into the cavity formed by the rollers that press the tube and is gently pushed to the outlet by the following roller. Therefore, the pump is a positive displacement volumetric pump with exceptional features. Tubes are available in NR, NBR, EPDM, thermoplastics (Norprene, Hypalon, Chemsure, Silicone, Tygon) and food-grade (NR-A, NBR-A). End connections are available in SS, PP, PVDF in threaded, TC and flanged options. Casing can be provided HALAR coated to prevent damage in case of hose leaks. Hose leak detector, Vacuum for suction are optional features avail. Features suction lift of up to 9 metres and can even run dry without damage; seal-less and silent in running; reversible rotation; resistant to abrasion and corrosion; dosing application of ±1% accuracy; easy to maintain and consumes less power compared to AODD pumps of similar application. Pump can deliver pressures to 15 bar. Applications : BOYSER pumps find application in transfer and dosing of chemicals, viscous liquids, sludge, lime slurry, mortar, filter press feed, clay slurry, carbonates, slurries, kaolin, paints, glues, inks, latex, pigment, oils, detergents, acids, peroxides, milk products, mayonnaise, meat products, fruit juices, etc. Dosing is accurate with very small flows. For details contact: Shanbhag & Associates B-50 Nandbhuvan Indl Estate Mahakali Caves Road, Andheri (E) Mumbai 400 093 Tel: 022-40365700, 40365711 Fax: 91-022-40365712 E-mail: info@shanbhags.com
“DELLMECO”Speciality AODD Pumps Shanbhag & Associates is the authorised national distributor for the entire range of Dellmeco Products with an all India sales and service network. Range : The range of Dellmeco Pumps includes solid block AODD pumps in PE, PTFE in conductive and non-conductive housings from 1/4” to 2”; SS, CI, PTFE coated and Aluminium housing AODD pumps from 3/4” to 3”; Hygienic SS-316L AODD pumps from 1/2” to 2.5”; jacketed and high-pressure AODD pumps for applications such as filter press; unique design of motorised double diaphragm pumps which are energy-efficient and ideal for long running; and AODD pumps for powder transfer. The pumps internals are available in EPDM or PTFE. Applications: Dellmeco pumps find applications in industries such as pharma, paint, chemical, clay and ceramics, electroplating/surface treatment, food, dairy and beverages, automotive, glass and fibreglass, oil and gas, marine/shipbuilding, metal and steel treatment, effluent-treatment, aircraft, etc. Features : Dellmeco AODD pumps are absolutely lube-free; non-stalling in operation and corrosion-free. Air valve body is available in corrosion-free engineered plastics. There are fewer moving parts and commonly used spares across models and sizes. For details contact: Shanbhag & Associates B-50 Nandbhuvan Indl Estate Mahakali Caves Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 093 Tel: 022-40365700, 40365711 Fax: 91-022-40365712 E-mail: info@shanbhags.com
Liquid Level Indicator Level indicator consists of a float, metal structure and transparent tube. The transparent tube is provided above the mounting flange to visually indicate the liquid level inside the tank. The indicator is a simple robust design to know the liquid level as well as to sense high, low or multi-level of the liquid in the tank using reed proximity sensors. It is also available with temperature controllers. It finds application in coolant oil, hydraulic oil, water, diesel, furnace oil, edible oil, chemicals, etc.
Electronic Turbine Meter Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd offers turbine flow meter T24 built in nominal size of 4 to 200 mm with an accuracy of 1% after calibration within 10 90 (liters/min) 2,65 23,8 (gallons/min) range. The turbine meter is used for flow and volume measurement of liquid media such as crude and mineral oils, acids, alkaline solutions, solvents, water, etc. For details contact: Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-26445626, 26448983 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net www.oswindia.com
For details contact: Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd Filpro Sensors Pvt Ltd 130, 10th Cross, Petechennappa Indl Estate Kamakshipalya, Magadi Main Road Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 079 Tel: 080-23286463 E-mail: sales@filprosensors.com
Offshore World | 40 | October-November 2016
PRODUCTS
Chemical Dosing Systems
Single Point Insertion Flow Meter
The SPI Mag Insertion Flow Meter provides a highly cost-effective solution for the accurate measurement of liquid flow in closed conduit, pressurized pipe applications. Unlike conventional magnetic meters, the SPI Mag’s cost is independent of pipe size.
SRS Pumps offer chemical dosing systems for chemical, petrochemical and water treatment plants. The chemical dosing systems are designed as per the customer’s requirements and to ensure max efficiency in chemical dosing required by the process for specific applications. SRS Pumps can also supply the chemical dosing systems for chlorine dosing system, boiler chemical dosing system, oil heating system, additive injection system, slurry dosing system, alcoholic dosing system, blue dye injection system, perfural dosing system, marker dosing system, bio-diesel blending system, PH level control dosing system, pumping units and others. It uses the best available metering pumps which may have a higher price than that of a competitor. The chemical dosing system consists of a solution tank, pumps and accessories. For details contact: SRS Pumps Chawl No: B, Pitch No: 3, Pimpal Galli Nr Hindustan Naka, Charkop, Kandivli (W) Mumbai 400 067 Tel: 022-28688422 E-mail: info@srspumps.net / srspumps@gmail.com
Its proven electromagnetic technology is based on Faraday’s Law. Debris shedding, self-cleaning sensor eliminates costly maintenance. Cost is independent of line size. It has an easy hot tap installation - no interruption of flow process. It finds application in wastewater - effluent, waste activated sludge (WAS), return activated sludge (RAS) and reclaimed/recycled. For details contact Halma India Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road, Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-2644 8558, 26448983 Fax: 91-044-26441820 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net
Single-stage Helical Inline Gears NORD Drivesystems has launched a new line of single-stage helical inline gearboxes with a NORDBLOC.1 light alloy case. The gear unit series is particularly suited to pump, agitator, fan and intra-logistics applications. These new gears achieve high torsional rigidity through a robust design that was thoroughly tested, amongst others with abruptly increased pump pressures and shaft vibration. In high-speed applications, these helical inline gearboxes are a more powerful solution than two-stage units. Highly precise manufacturing and high-quality materials also ensure the products are light-weight, smooth-running, and exceptionally efficient. The nsd tupH surface treatment is optionally available to make the units highly resistant to corrosion for long-term use in aggressive ambient atmospheres. IEC and NEMA motor mounting options as well as various shaft, bearing and lubrication variants enable versatile bespoke configurations. The new NORDBLOC.1 products will initially be available in five sizes. For details contact: NORD Drivesystems Pvt Ltd 282/2, 283/2 Village Mann Tal: Mulshi, Adj Hinjewadi MIDC II Pune, Maharashtra 411 057 E-mail: jyoti.mishra@nord.com
The SPI Mag reliably measures flow in water and wastewater as well as any type of industrial flow processes involving conductive fluids such as potable water, slurries, sludge, cooling water and pulp stock.
Close-coupled Pumps KSB offers new monobloc pumps – Etabloc. Pump and motor connected in one compact unit results in compact and space-saving design without sacrificing energy efficiency. Etabloc pumps find applications in industrial as well as construction segment. Pumps are designed to handle clear water, cooling water, swimming pool water, drinking water, spray irrigation, heating and ventilation, condensate, etc. There are 43 different sizes of pumps available for selection. They can deliver heads up to 160 metres with flow up to 640 m3/hr. Motors up to 110 kW can be coupled with the pumps. Stub shaft design feature eliminates the need for coupling alignment. Optimized hydraulic system ensures high efficiency. Great choice of materials and mechanical seal is available making the pump suitable for variety of applications. KSB make IEC Standardized IE2 high-efficiency motors are with IP55 enclosure proves the pump set is robust in construction and safe for life. Back pull out design allows easy maintenance and large seal chamber facilitates easy and faster cooling of mechanical seal. For details contact: KSB Pumps Ltd Mumbai-Pune Road, Pimpri, Pune Maharashtra 411 018 Tel: 020-27101241 E-mail: bipin.kode@ksb.com
Offshore World | 41 | October-November 2016
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PRODUCTS Smart Shaft Grounding
Drum Pumps Shanbhag & Associates is the authorised, national distributor for the entire range of Lutz products. Lutz Pumpen GmbH & Co KG, Germany is the premier manufacturer of electric and pneumatic drum/container pumps in the world. The Lutz concept allows the complete pump (drive motor and pump tube) to be used in different containers and liquids as long as components in the pump tube are approved for use in the liquids.Lutz drum pumps can handle liquids which are aggressive, flammable, thin, viscous, hot or cold, hazardous to ground water and the environment, and vary with respect to their density. The wide variety of liquids and container types/dimensions necessitates an extensive range of drum pump models. They are available in a variety of materials, equipped with electric/air motors adapted to the output requirements, for different voltages (AC / DC), explosion-proof for hazardous applications, pneumatically operated, with the required delivery rate and a suitable sealing system. Added to this are pump tubes in varying lengths and wide range of accessories permitting, eg, adaptation to problematic containers or operating conditions. Pump tubes are available with centrifugal impeller or with eccentric screw principle constructions. Tube materials are in PP/PVDF/Alu/SS-316 (Ti) / Hast-C. Tube drivers are available in electric (Flp/Non-Flp) and pneumatic options. Drum pumps can be offered in sanitary and non-sanitary constructions. For details contact: Shanbhag & Associates B-50 Nandbhuvan Indl Estate Mahakali Caves Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 093 Tel: 022-40365700, 40365711, Fax: 91-022-40365712 E-mail: info@shanbhags.com
Wilden offers aluminum versions of its 420/430 Advanced FIT AODD pumps specifically designed to be direct replacements for existing 38 mm (1-1/2�) pump installations. The release of the aluminum 420/430 Advanced FIT pumps now completes the Advanced FIT pump line, which is available in 38 mm through 76 mm sizes with either aluminum or SS wetted path options. Wilden Advanced FIT pumps are available with the patent-pending Pro-Flo SHIFT Air Distribution System (ADS) for outstanding energy efficiency and max Mean Time Between Repair (MTBR) or the Pro-Flo X ADS offering high operational flexibility. The 420 Advanced FIT pumps are supplied with NPT or BSPT threaded connections, and the 430 Advanced FIT pumps are available with ANSI or DIN flanged pipe connections.
www.oswindia.com
The product portfolio, consisting of the Smart CDR, Smart MGS and Smart Ground Monitor, addresses key limitations of existing shaft grounding technologies. Inpro/Seal Smart Shaft Grounding provides permanent protection from conduction-inhibiting shaft oxidation and offers continuous monitoring and feedback of shaft grounding performance. With proprietary conductive filaments and an innovative bearing-bronze sleeve design, the Smart CDR outperforms and outlasts other grounding rings. The Smart MGS integrates Current Diverter Ring technology and the patented VBXX Bearing Isolator to protect against contamination ingress and lubrication loss as well as stray currents. Isolated conductive filaments and a zero-maintenance conductive bronze rotor provide premium connectivity in harsh conditions. The Smart Ground Monitor alerts users in real time of non-optimal contact between the filaments and shaft. Contact is measured through the Smart Terminal that comes standard on every Smart CDR and Smart MGS. Smart Shaft Grounding solutions meet NEMA MG1 31.4.4.3 and CSI 23 05 13 specifications and are available in standard sizes or custom engineered solutions. For details contact Dover India Pvt Ltd 40 Poonamallee By-pass Senneerkuppam, Chennai 600 056 Tel: 044-26271020, 26271023 E-mail: sales.psgindia@psgdover.com
AODD Pumps in Aluminium
For details contact Dover India Pvt Ltd 40 Poonamallee By-pass Senneerkuppam, Chennai 600 056 Tel: 044-26271020, 26271023 E-mail: sales.psgindia@psgdover.com
To meet the need for protection against electrical discharge machining (EDM), Inpro/Seal has updated and expanded its portfolio of shaft grounding solutions. Smart shaft grounding combines proven Current Diverter Ring technology with new features to increase reliability and decrease maintenance costs.
Thermal Mass Flow Meter The Sage 200 thermal mass flow meter is cost-effective. The flow meter measures gas mass flow and has high accuracy, repeatability, low-end sensitivity, response time, turndown, etc. The meter has two compartments (compact housing) with separate wiring section containing large, easy to access terminals to simplify field installation. The power dissipation is under 2.5-watt, which is the lowest in the industry.It finds application in natural gas flow to burners, compressed air flow measurement and combustion air. For details contact: Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road, Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-26448558, 26448983 Fax: 91-044-26441820 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net
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PRODUCTS Ceramic-lined Rubber Hose Industrial Ceramics Division offers CUMI FLEXTUFF a ceramic-lined rubber hose with an excellent wear/abrasion resistance, catering to an additional advantage with good flexibility. In industries which deal with bulk material handling/slurry conveying, steel pipes and rubber hoses are being used for transferring abrasion materials from one end to another. CUMI FLEXTUFF rubber hose is lined with high alumina ceramics for better wear and rubber to provide better flexibility. CUMI FLEXTUFF wear-resistant ceramic-lined flexible rubber hose is ideal for connecting conveying systems requiring movement and flexibility, subjected to vibrations, impact and thermal expansions. They can be easily connected to existing pipe systems by means of flanges as end connection offering a good flexibility support. Based on application it is possible to have different grades / geometrics of ceramic-lining such as sleeves and tiles. For details contact: Carborundum Universal Ltd Indl Ceramics Divn, Plot No: 47 & 48 (Part) Sipcot Indl Complex, Hosur, Karnataka 635 126 Tel: 04344-304748, Fax: 91-04344-304809 E-mail: enquiryic@cumi.murugappa.com.
Mechanically Actuated Diaphragm Metering Pump Neptune offers its Series MP7000 mechanically actuated diaphragm metering pump. The Series MP7000 pump incorporates the ruggedness of a hydraulic diaphragm metering pump, eliminates the need for intermediate fluid or hydraulic oil to actuate the diaphragm and reduces the potential for gearbox oil to contaminate the process. It also features a finned gearbox that dissipates the heat created during normal operation more readily than other designs, oversized check valves that improve performance and minimize friction losses, and rugged bronze gears for quite-running. The straight-through flow design of the Series MP7000 liquid end and the elimination of the contour plate results in improved flow characteristics, making the pump the ideal solution for pumping difficult chemicals such as viscous fluids, shear-sensitive fluids and fluids with suspended solids. Neptune Series MP7000 pumps feature capacities to 27 gph (102 lph) at operating pressures up to 235 psi (16 bar) and include a 10:1 turndown via micrometer-type knob with a highcontrast, easy-to-read scale. Series MP7000 pumps are also available with a self-loading micrometer that prevents drift and an optional automatic speed control with variable frequency or SCR drive. All models include a standard 63 IEC motor adaptor. For details contact: Dover India Pvt Ltd 40 Poonamallee By-pass, Senneerkuppam, Chennai 600 056 Tel: 044-26271020, 26271023 E-mail: sales.psgindia@psgdover.com
Orb Pilot for Reaction Scale-up Syrris offers the Orb Pilot jacketed reactor. This unique system offers flexible and cost-effective pilot scale batch chemistry. The Orb Pilot is a user-friendly, floor standing scale-up jacketed reactor providing an exceptional combination of performance, versatility and value for money. It offers a choice of vessel sizes from 10 to 50 liters on a single system, and is precision engineered to withstand temperatures from -40 to +235oC.
Mass Flow Controller
Available with a selection of single and vacuum jacketed vessels, plus a wide range of accessories and stirring options, the Orb Pilot can be easily configured to match your exact requirements. It features a unique clamp, easy motor lift and rapid oil drain mechanism – offering fast vessel changes – while a spring-loaded base avoids the need for frame adjustments to accommodate different vessels or thermal expansion. Combined with an incredibly robust and durable design, this will ensure the Orb Pilot provides years of continuous, cost-effective service for virtually any batch chemistry application.
with its. highest top flow rate suitable to a wider range of applications. The MCRH can accommodate flow rates of up to 5000 slpm, without compromising speed or precision of gas control. The highly stable controller manages industrial processes with more chaotic upstream fluctuations, such as control of industrial combustion gases or mass flow into food and packaging processes. The MCRH 5000 slpm controls mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate or back pressure of gases in high flow processes. To overcome the poor turndown ratio and slow response of existing methods (such as interlinking a meter with an external valve) Alicat designed a new flow geometry. This new design accommodates the higher flow rates, with a low pressure drop of 14.1 psig at full scale. A dual valve design enables a fast 100 millisecond control response time without significantly raising instrument power requirements. The instrument’s Gas Select firmware includes a library of up to 130 preloaded gases, user selectable in the field. The MCRH 5000 slpm can be programmed with the instrument’s pushbutton menus and onboard display or via remote connection. Digital communications options include RS-232 or RS-485 Serial, Modbus, or PROFIBUS, as well as analog 0-5 V DC, 1-5 V DC and 0-10 V DC or 4-20 mA.
For details contact: Syrris Scientific Equipment Pvt Ltd 420/421 Corporate Avenue Sonawale Road, Goregaon (E), Mumbai 400 063 Tel: 022-26864410 E-mail: info@syrris.com
For details contact: Halma India Prestige Shantiniketan, Gate No: 1, Tower C, 7th Floor ITPL Main Road, Whitefield, Mahadevapura Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 048 Tel: 080-67475300, E-mail: sunil.balan@halma.com Offshore World | 43 | October-November 2016
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NEWS
GE Oil & Gas to Merge With Baker Hughes GE is set to tie up with Baker Hughes’ oilfield services and technology with its own manufacturing and digital platform to create a new Baker Hughes. This combination will provide equipment, technology and services to the oil and gas industry with combined revenue of $32 billion and operations in more than 120 countries, hence becoming the second largest player in Jeff Immelt the oilfield equipment and services industry. GE’s chairman and CEO GE will have 62.5 per cent ownership of the new company by contributing $7.4 billion to fund a special dividend to existing Baker Hughes shareholders. Jeff Immelt, GE’s chairman and CEO, will be the chairman and Martin Craighead will serve as vice chairman of the new company’s board of directors. Lorenzo Simonelli, currently president and CEO of GE Oil & Gas, will take over as CEO of the new Baker Hughes. “In the case of oil and gas, we see tremendous opportunity for customer productivity through innovative technology, digital solutions and financial efficiency, and here we can lead. This is the right time in the cycle to invest,” said Jeff Immlet, chairman, new Baker Hughes.
Merger between Brambles and Hoover Oil and Gas Logistics giant Brambles has completed a merger of its oil and gas container solutions business with US company Hoover Container Solutions. The new joint venture will be called Hoover Ferguson Group, and has received the US approval. The joint venture became the second-largest provider in the global oil, gas and container logistics sector. Brambles and Hoover are equal shareholder in this venture.
Oil India and Houston University Collaborates to Improve Production New Delhi: Oil India aims to increase the company’s reserve base and maximise recovery from its oilfields by collaborating with Houston University, one of the leading universities on oil and gas research in the world. The MoU was signed in the presence of Union Petroleum Minister Dharmendra Pradhan in New Delhi. With this partnership, Oil India will be benefited to consolidate and upgrade the technologies with the latest trends to contribute significantly to the energy security of the country by reducing oil and gas import dependency by 10 percent by 2022. www.oswindia.com
KKR and Venado in Association to Pursue Oil & Gas Investments in Eagle Ford Shale Texas: KKR and Venado Oil and Gas, LLC (“Venado”) engaged into a partnership to associate with the proven assets in the Eagle Ford Shale of South Texas. The partnership is principally funded by KKR’s Energy Income and Growth Fund (EIGF). KKR has already made more than ten investments in the Eagle Ford. Scott Garrick, CEO of Venado, added, “We are excited to partner with KKR in the Eagle Ford, where we both see the opportunity to build a large scale, long-term business. Both Venado’s management and KKR have been active in the Eagle Ford since the early phase of development, and we share the same vision of the next phase of its evolution. This provides an ideal foundation for a strong partnership.”
BP Plc Succeeds to get Licence to Set up Petrol Pumps in India New Delhi: Oil ministry of India granted a licence to BP Plc, Europe’s third largest oil company on 14 October 2016 to set up 3,500 petrol pumps in India. Prior to this, the company had won approval for marketing of ATF (aviation turbine fuel) to the airlines in India. In 2011, BP Plc had bought 30% interest in 21 exploration blocks of Reliance Industries for $7.2 billion and had also cited investment of nearly $500 million in oil and gas exploration and production.
BP Expands the Kazzan Gas Field in Oman Rio De Janeiro & Paris: Petrobras and Total have signed a Memorandum of Understanding for a Strategic Alliance covering Upstream and Downstream activities in Brazil as well as international potential opportunities. In the first phase of implementation, the companies intend to focus on Upstream and on Gas and Power where, Petrobras will propose Total to partner in projects in Brazil and Total will propose Petrobras to partner in opportunities outside Brazil. This new partnership will allow both companies to combine their world class experience and expertise in deep water development to optimize the production and jointly develop this strategic area of activity in Brazil and in other high potential oil and gas provinces, as well as sharing costs and risks in projects with high investment and complexity. In Downstream, the companies will be working to develop joint activities in the gas and power generation in Brazil. The memorandum also states that the cooperation will be extended, in a second phase, to a broader cooperation in Brazil focused on all downstream segments.
Offshore World | 44 | October-November 2016
New Delhi: BP Plc sold its 8.53 per cent stake in Castrol India reducing its shareholding to 51 percent.
Sashi Mukundan
GE Oil & Gas Research & Development Centre Equipped with Smar t Sensing Drones, Advanced Labs and Digital Technology OKLAHOMA CIT Y: General Electric (GE) reveals drone prototype- “Raven” to detect emissions at oilfields and improve customer operations. The new Research and Development Centre at Oklahoma aims to develop future digital industrial technologies for Oil & Gas industry.
Prior to the sale, BP held 29.38 crore shares or 59.42 percent stake in Castrol India. It sold 4.22 crore shares or 8.53 per cent, bringing its shareholding down to 50.89 per cent (25.16 crore shares).
Head of Country, BP India,
“BP remains the majority shareholder in Castrol India and we remain committed to long-term investment in India, including both progressing natural gas developments with our partners as well as growing our downstream businesses in the country which include both fuels marketing and lubricants,” BP Group chief executive Bob Dudley said. Sashi Mukundan, BP’s Head of Country, India, said: “Castrol India has grown successfully over decades and, as majority shareholder, BP remains committed to supporting its continued growth.” BP Plc ensured that this transaction is not going to impact staff or customers of Castrol India or its existing contracts.
Aker Acquires 70 per cent Stake in Brazilian Oil and Gas Company Aker Solutions has signed an agreement to acquire 70% of Brazilian oil and gas services company CSE Mecânica e Instrumentação to expand its services business globally. Post acquisition, CSE will remain a separate legal entity with a management team from both the companies. Aker will also have an option to buy the remaining 30% of CSE, three years after the completion of the transaction. Aker hopes that the acquisition will provide access to Brazil’s growing market for servicing existing oil and gas fields. Aker Solutions CEO Luis Araujo said: “Aker Solutions has established a solid presence and reputation in Brazil’s oil and gas market over the past 40 years and entry into the country’s brownfield segment is an attractive growth opportunity.”
LorenzoSimonelli
The new Center will become a central hub for GE President and CEO, GE scientists and engineers to closely collaborate with Oil & Gas the Oil & Gas industry on cutting-edge digital and hardware solutions to advance the industry. Lorenzo Simonelli, President and CEO, GE Oil & Gas said, “We believe a strong commitment to R&D will help our oil and gas customers find new efficiencies to work through tough market conditions and lead to transformational opportunities for the industry to thrive long-term. The new technology centre in Oklahoma City will accelerate innovation; it’s where we can bring the full power of digital solutions and technology from across GE’s industrial businesses to advance the Oil & Gas industry.”
Saudi Arabia Cancels USD266 Billion in Projects The Council of Economic and Development Affairs (CEDA), Saudi Arabia’s governing economic body has cancelled USD 266.7 billion in projects which are not expected to accelerate the kingdom’s growth or improve the living standards for its people. In 2015 also, Saudi Arabia took measures to tap into foreign reserves, cut spending, delayed projects and sold bonds in order to manage the oil price slumps. Many analysts feel that 2017 brings dimmer prospects to the state’s finances, despite all the efforts by OPEC members to stabilize the oil markets.
Santos Sells Victoria Gas Assets Santos, under-pressure oil and gas producer, under its chief executive Kevin Gallagher, signed a striking deal of USD 82 million with junior Cooper Energy to sell its Victorian Gas business.
Shell Announces Multi-Billion investment in projects in Brazil Shell has announced its investment up to USD10 billion over the next five years on oil and gas projects in South America’s largest economy, taking quick advantage of a legislative change to encourage more foreign companies to participate in the country’s energy industry.
Cooper launched a USD 62 million capital raising to help fund the deal, which, once completed, will transform the company into a relatively significant gas producer. Payment for the assets, which include half the producing Casino-Henr y gas project off the Victoria coast as well as 50 per cent of the Sole project, involves an initial USD 62 million on completion, then USD 20 million later.
Offshore World | 45 | October-November 2016
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BP Plc Sells 8.53% stake in Castrol India
NEWS NIPCO Acquires Mobil Oil
O i l Co m p a n i e s A n n o u n c e d S t a r t - U p Fu n d s to Incubate Innovation New Delhi: ONGC (oil and Natural Gas Corporation) launched an INR 100 crore Star t-up fund to nur ture new ideas in the oil and gas sector on its Diamond Jubilee on August 2016. OIL (Oil India Ltd) has announced funds of INR 50 crore to promote entrepreneurship among youth on September 2016, which is in line with Central Government’s flagship program “Star t-up India.”
Nipco
IOCL (Indian Oil Corporation Ltd) has launched a star t-up scheme
Nigeria: Nigerian Independent Petroleum Company (NIPCO) Plc has acquired 60 per cent stake in Mobil Oil Nigeria Plc (MON). Mr. Venkataraman Venkatapathy, Managing Direc tor, NIPCO said, “we will star t the transition period and initiate the process of obtaining regulator y approvals from the requisite federal agencies – Securit y and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE)” regarding the execution of sales and purchase agreement with ExxonMobil, a leading downstream player. According to Oge Udeagha, Manager, Media and Communications, the change in control will be emancipated by mid-2017. He also assured that Mobil Oil Nigeria’s employees would continue to be employed irrespective of change-in-control.
Petrobras and Total Form a Strategic Alliance in Upstream and Downstream Rio De Janeiro & Paris: Petrobras and Total have signed a Memorandum of Understanding for a Strategic Alliance covering Upstream and Downstream activities in Brazil as well as international potential opportunities. In the first phase of implementation, the companies intend to focus on Upstream and on Gas and Power where, Petrobras will propose Total to partner in projects in Brazil and Total will propose Petrobras to partner in opportunities outside Brazil. This new partnership will allow both companies to combine their world class experience and expertise in deep water development to optimize the production and jointly develop this strategic area of activity in Brazil and in other high potential oil and gas provinces, as well as sharing costs and risks in projects with high investment and complexity. In Downstream, the companies will be working to develop joint activities in the gas and power generation in Brazil. The memorandum also states that the cooperation will be extended, in a second phase, to a broader cooperation in Brazil focused on all downstream segments. www.oswindia.com
“IndS_UP ” with a corpus fund amount of INR 30 crore to promote innovations in the domestic hydrocarbon sector.
Chevron’s Gorgon Nat Gas Plant Shutdown Again Chevron’s USD 54-billion Gorgon liquefied natural gas plant in Australia was shut down for a third time since it launched in March. The shutdown was unplanned and caused by work on the facility’s acid removal unit, according to sources cited by Reuters, and was due to be put back online days later. However, with Chevron unresponsive to reporters’ inquiries, it remained unclear at the time of writing whether Gorgon was back up or remained offline. According to traders cited by Reuters, the latest shutdown did not lead to any cancellations of shipments, but has caused delays of five cargoes, which apparently helped to boost LNG spot prices temporarily.
Schlumberger and Golar to Jointly Pursue For tuna Project Subsidiaries of oil majors Schlumberger and Golar LNG signed an agreement to pursue a joint venture for the Fortuna project, which will be executed in Equatorial Guinea’s offshore Block R, according to World Oil. Golar’s OneLNG and Schlumberger’s Ophir will each take a 66.2 percent and 33.8 percent share, respectively, of the joint company JOC, which will help to ease the process of financing and developing the two firms’ por tion of the project. First-gas from the site is expected by the beginning of 2020, with 2.2-2.5 million tons of production per year for 15-20 years. The deal’s current structure dictates that JOC will own Ophir’s Block R license as well as the Gandria floating liquefied natural gas vessel, but before any cash exchanges hands, both firms must make a final decision on initial financial contributions to the project
Offshore World | 46 | October-November 2016
Pe t r o n a s t o G r o w i t s L N G S e c t o r i n I n d i a
The Gutseriev family, owners of 75 percent in Russian Oil Company, a
Petroleum Nasional Berhad (Petronas) plans to expand its growth in the Indian liquefied natural gas (LNG) market, the world’s four th largest, by establishing a liaison office there.
midsized player in the field, is selling 20 percent of their holding in the company. The stake represents 15 percent of Russneft’s capital and will be floated on the Moscow stock exchange by the end of the year. The initial public offering is being arranged by Russian banks VTB and Sberbank, and brokers Aton and BCS. The pricing range of the placement will be announced at the end of this week, and the final price will become public two weeks from now.
Japex to Postpone USD 185 Million Project in Alberta Japan Petroleum Exploration (Japex) to postpone launching its Hangingstone oil sands expansion project in Alber ta, Canada, until mid-2017, which will result in a cost increase for the venture estimated USD 187 Million. The oil and gas developer’s subsidiar y, Japan Canada OilSands Limited (Jacos), said the par t of the concession known as the 3.75 sec tion will remain closed. Investment in the expansion project is expected to increase to CAD 1.5 billion from CAD1.25 billion. The Hangingstone thermal oil sands operation, one of Canada’s oldest, was shut down during the wildfires in For t McMurray and the company said it will remain dormant until benchmark oil prices rise above USD 50 per barrel. The firm will however continue developing the untouched area that is par t of the Hangingstone Lease, adjacent to the demonstration area, currently shut.
RIL Par tner Niko Puts KG-D6 Stake on Sale Reliance Industries’ partner Niko Resources of Canada has put on sale its 10% stake in the flagging KG-D6 gas block off the east coast. Financially strained Niko had in February last year announced plans to sell its 10% stake in the KG-DWN- 98/3 or KG-D6 block to pay off USD 340 million debts. RIL is the operator of KG-D6 block with a 60% interest, while BP plc of UK owns 30% stake. The firm’s Chief Executive Rober t Ellswor th said Niko believes the KG-D6 block offers “a number of compelling attributes to potential bidders” but the sale “will inevitably be complicated” by the USD 1.55 billion claim made by the government against the three firms in respect of gas reckoned to have migrated from neighbouring blocks of ONGC into D6.
It would be suppor ted by the Sabah Ammonia Urea (Samur) project in Sabah, which was on track for commercial operations in the four th quar ter this year. “Samur would have an estimated annual output of 2.6 million metric tonnes, making Petronas the second granular urea producer in South East Asia,” Petronas said. “India has always been an impor tant market for Petronas as we see great potential to grow fur ther with our par tners and customers. It is one of the most competitive economies and the four th largest LNG market in the world. We are keen to explore oppor tunities in the Indian LNG market and are working to establish a liaison office to help grow the business there,” said its president and group chief executive officer Datuk Wan Zulkiflee Wan Ariffin.
BP to Sell Crude Oil to Thailand, Australia BP plans to ship 1 million barrels of U.S. crude to Thailand and Australia for the first time, as the company steps up American oil expor ts to meet demand in the Asia-Pacific region. The cargo will add to at least four shipments of U.S. crude by BP to Asia earlier this year after the United States government lifted a decades-old ban on crude expor ts in late 2015. BP is expected to load 1 million barrels of crude from the U.S. Gulf Coast onboard a Suezmax tanker which will arrive in Asia in December, the sources said. The company has sold 300,000 barrels of crude to Thailand’s PTT PCL and the remaining 700,000 barrels will head to Australia to be processed at BP ’s refiner y.
UAE Seeks USD 70 Billion in Industrial Investment A s t h e g l o b a l o i l p r i c e s l u m p t a ke s i t s to l l o n G u l f c o u n t r i e s, t h e UA E i s b o o s t i n g i t s n o n - o i l s e c to r s, n o w s e e k i n g to l u re i n m o re t h a n U S D 7 0 b i l l i o n i n i n d u s t r i a l i n ve s t m e n t b y 2 0 2 5 . Th e s e i n ve s t m e n t s wo u l d i n c re a s e t h e i n d u s t r i a l s e c to r s h a re o f G D P to 2 5 p e rc e n t, a n d f u r t h e r re d u c e t h e b l o w o f l o w o i l p r i c e s. The announcement comes shor tly after the UAE energy minister called on investors globally to stand firm and refrain from withdrawing from projects as some USD 200 billion in oil and gas projects has already been postponed globally.
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R u s s n e f t O w n e r s t o S e l l 1 5 % o f Co m p a n y
EVENTS DIARY
EGYPS 2017
Refining & Petrochemicals World Expo 2017
Date: 14 - 16 February 2017 Venue: CICEC, Cairo, Egypt Event: EGYPS 2017 brings together Egyptian and North African government representatives, key project owners, NOCs and IOCs, international service providers, EPC contractors, consultants and financiers to address the evolving opportunities in the Egyptian and North African energy arena.
Date: February 14 -17, 2017 Venue: BCEC, Goregaon (East), Mumbai, India Event: CHEMTECH will organise Refining & Petrochemicals World Expo 2017 and technical conference during CHEMTECH World Expo 2017 scheduled from February 14-17, 2017 in Bombay Exhibition Grounds, Goregaon (East), Mumbai and will once again create a platform for the professionals from India and overseas to witness the latest trends in technologies during the exhibition and provide opportunity to interact during the concurrent conference.
The event, held under the high patronage of His Excellency Abdel Fatah El Sisi, President of The Arab Republic of Egypt, will help you identify Egypt’s future project requirements, the country’s short and long term plans, strategic priorities and masterplans and gain insights into the wider North African oil and gas sector. EGYPS 2017 technical conference sessions and panel discussions will include critical insights into Egypt and North Africa’s fast evolving hydrocarbon business. For details contact: Kathleen Rebello, Marketing Executive dmg events, Middle East 5th Floor, The Palladium, Cluster C, Jumeirah Lakes Towers T: +971 (0)4 445 3738 M:+971(0)55 505 4707 W: www.dmgeventsme.com
Date: November 29- December 2, 2016 Venue: Marina Bay Sands, Singapore Event: Taking place every second year, OSEA is Asia’s best known Oil & Gas event. The 21st edition is from 29 November – 2 December 2016 in Marina Bay Sands, Singapore. With a comprehensive showcase of oil & gas exploration and production innovations, OSEA continuously attracts international participation, further enhancing its reputation as THE ideal platform to meet new buyers and partners.
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For details contact: Jasubhai Media PVt Ltd 3rd floor, Taj building 210 D. N. road, Fort Mumbai- 400001 Maharashtra India Tel: 022-40373636 Fax: 022-40373535 Email: conferences@jasubhai.com Web: www.chemtech-online.com
NAPEC
OSEA 2016
For details contact: Singapore Exhibition Services Amy Tan Assistant Manager, Marketing Services DID: +65 6233 6619 Fax: +65 6233 6633 Email: amy@sesallworld.com Web: http://osea-asia.com/
The high-level technical conference in which key players in the global refinery and petrochemical sector will meet to share knowledge and learn about best practices and the latest advancements in this developing sector of the oil and gas downstream industry.
Date: March 21-24, 2017 Venue: Convention Centre, Mohamed Benahmed Oran Algerie Event: TNAPEC (NORTH AFRICA PETROLEUM EXHIBITION & CONFERENCE) is a trade fair which is dedicated to the activities of Upstream, Midstream and Downstream on all products and providers, services and technologies that revolve around oil and gas activity. It will provide a platform to meet the makers of the North African oil sector, develop client portfolio, best business opportunities, introduce new products, enrich your customer B to B, and multiply your contacts. For details contact: Petroleum Industry Communication 06 Route Sidi Youcef Algiers Algeria Tel: +213 (0) 70 770 94 69 Fax: +213 23 23 67 74 Email: contact@napec-dz.com Web: www.napec-dz.com
Offshore World | 48 | October-November 2016
Offshore World is an all-encompassing magazine for the hydrocarbon and allied industries. A bi-monthly magazine, launched in December 2003, Offshore World disseminates authen c, cri cal and well-researched informa on on global hydrocarbon industry innova ons. The magazine offers latest and strategic informa on on the upstream and downstream hydrocarbon industry. The endeavour of Offshore World is to become a vehicle in making “Hydrocarbon Vision 2025” a reality in terms of technologies, markets and new direc ons, and to stand as a medium of reflec on of the achievements and aspira ons of Indian hydrocarbon industry. Circula on: 25,370
OSW Target Segments
OSW Reader’s Profile
5% Hydrocarbon Explora on 10% Hydrocarbon Processing 20% Drilling and Equipment Manufacturers 10% Development and Produc on Companies 13% Transporta on and Logis cs Companies 12% Refining and Marke ng Companies 15% Plant, Machinery and Equipment Providers 10% Technology Solu on and Service Providers 5% Safety , Health and Environment
12% 13%
• CEOs & Senior Management of Oil Companies • Petroleum Engineers & Refineries Contractors • Project Managers • Refining & Pipeline Engineers • Corrosion Control Engineers • Opera ons Managers • Technical Managers • Safety Managers & Engineers • Purchase Managers • Marke ng Execu ves • Pollu on Control Specialists • R&D Personnel • Industry Consultants • Engineering & EPC Consultants • Indian & Overseas Industry • Associa ons • Training Ins tutes
15% 10% 30%
10% 5%
20% 5% 10% Hydrocarbon Exploration Hydrocarbon Processing Drilling and Equipment Manufacturers Development and Production Companies Transportation and Logistics Companies
Refining and Marketing Companies Plant, Machinery and Equipment Providers Technology Solution and Service Providers Safety, Health and Environment
OSW Region-wise Presence 53% Western Region [including Mumbai,Gujarat, Pune, etc] 23% Northern Region [including Delhi, UP, etc] 10% Southern Region [including Bangalore, Hyderabad, Chennai, Coimbatore, etc] 9% Eastern Region [including Kolkata, Assam, etc] 5% Interna onal [includes USA, MiddleEast, Russia, Brazil, Iran, China, Germany, Italy, France, etc]
BOOKSHELF
Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing: Principles and Practices Author: Saeid Mokhatab, William A. Poe, John Y. Mak Hardcover: 628 pages Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing About the book: It covers the technical and operational aspects of natural gas processing and transmission by providing important updates on latest technologies, applications, and solutions. The book is authored by industry experts who also offer advice on design and operation based on engineering principles and operating experiences. It has highlighted the key considerations for developing natural gas projects. The book also outlooks the new technologies and opportunities for solving problems of gas processing due to plant design and emission of greenhouse gases. The book targets the readers from Engineering and technology, management and science and research sectors in the natural gas industry.
Mathematical Methods and Modelling in Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production Editor: Armin Iske, Trygve Randen Paperback: 452 pages Publisher: Springer About the book: The book incorporates the fulfilment of world’s future demand for oil and gas through research in mathematics, geophysics, geology, petroleum engineering, signal processing, and computer science. The editors have emphasised mathematical methods and modelling in hydrocarbon exploration and production. The challenges in the Hydrocarbon production workflow are discussed in detail. The book is authored by international experts from academic and industrial institutions including survey papers and original research articles.
Optimization and Business Improvement Studies in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry Author: Sanjib Chowdhury Hardcover: 336 pages Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell About the book: The book addresses real-life optimization and business improvement studies in oil and gas exploration and production. It provides optimizing techniques to a wide range of operations and processes using various quantitative and qualitative techniques like Linear Programming, Queuing theory, Critical Path Analysis, Economic analysis, Best Practices Benchmark, Business Process Simplification etc. The book targets the readership among management professionals and employees from all the discipline in the oil and gas industry and is also useful as a practical guide to upstream professionals and students of petroleum industry.
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Offshore World | 50 | October-November 2016
RNI No. MAHENG/2003/13269. Date of Publication: 1st of every alternate month.
Engineering & Technology Exposition for Oil & Gas, Power and Shipping Industries
February 2018 Venue: Bombay Convention & Exhibition Centre, Goregaon (East), Mumbai, India Supported By Organised By
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