Ki Waho 7 by Outdoors New Zealand

OUTDOORS FORUM & AWARDS

SPECIAL EDITION

50 Years of Outward Bound 21 Peaks Challenge GIVEAWAYS & PRIZES Industry Updates

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FROM THE

EDITOR

Taking in the sunrise over Island Bay during the editor's morning run.

Kia ora tatou, I’m happy to report that the feedback from The Outdoors Forum has been good and most who attended deemed it a success. Thanks to everyone who came and to all the team at Outdoors New Zealand (ONZ) for making it a productive and valuable event. The discussion around a value proposition for the outdoors was constructive and the project is on its way. The World Outdoors Summit being held in Rotorua next November has been set as the launch event for its outcomes. Work on the summit has been underway for the past couple of months and in this issue, you will see an advert highlighting the event. The bulk of this issue is drawn from the many presentations and workshops held at the forum. They make for some interesting reading even if you were lucky enough to attend and see them first hand. More than half of the staff currently in the ONZ office, including myself, have been here for less than a year, so the forum was more of a starting point than a goal. Being our first forum, it was the perfect opportunity to put faces to names. It was a pleasure to meet those we strive to support. Like many who commented through their feedback forms, I agree that more networking time would be useful as I myself just did not have enough time to meet and chat with all of those I wanted to. That’s the downside to running a forum; its hard to actually take part when you’re in the thick of it. Having said that, those I met were as engaged and as passionate as I expected them to be. Another interesting outcome from the feedback is that we are looking into creating bursaries to enable younger or junior members of organisations to attend more of our events. ThIs encourages younger people to get involved, assist secession, maintain relevance and further leadership development. Watch this space for details! I was also lucky enough to recently attend the NZ Recreation (NZRA) Association conference ‘Embracing Diversity - Growing Stronger

Together’ in Auckland. Their message came across powerfully. The theme was created in mind with the changes that New Zealand as a society faces in the coming future. Developed with the intention of encouraging those in recreation to embrace those changes and utilise them to their advantage, rather than view them as challenges or obstacles. Many issues were highlighted, such as NZ’s changing population; diversifying through immigration, and overall growth decreasing, whilst paradoxically it has been noted that the optimal population size for NZ’s economic growth needs to reach 15 million by 2050. These changes are very relevant to our community, especially if we are looking to grow. If our population is changing so prominently, perhaps we can no longer assume that being in the outdoors will always be synonymous with the Kiwi way of life. At the conference, Brent Lovelock from Otago University based Centre for Recreation Research, alluded to this in his presentation ‘Growing Nature-based Recreation in New Zealand – Key Factors in Recreational Commitment’ that migrants find it hard just to get into the mindset of being in the outdoors, let alone making it happen. He determined in his research paper ‘Recent immigrants’ recreation experiences of outdoor nature-based settings in New Zealand’ he states in his conclusion, “For those [migrants] whose socialisation has ensured little experience of these sites, who have very different philosophical traditions which shape very different perceptions of the natural, the wild and the beautiful, engaging with regional and national parks in New Zealand is unfamiliar and considerably more challenging.” For a community that spends the majority of its time outdoors looking out at amazing vistas, we can possess an overly introspective attitude when it comes to sector-wide issues. There is a tendency to focus on protecting our own patches and obsess about the obstacles that hold us back whilst dismissing the importance of looking outside of our community for solutions. Indeed our situation tends to be unique (the only place you can find the outdoors is the outdoors), yet many of the challenges are not unique or even new. Of course this is a complex issue and is somewhat simplified here, although the point remains that we can look outside our community to see how other sectors are preparing for the future. We can draw from their strategies to strengthen our own. I felt informed and empowered after attending the NZRA conference and I hope that this is how our delegates felt when they left The Outdoors Forum. Yours in the outdoors,

Jaya Gibson Editor, Ki Waho jaya@outdoorsnz.org.nz

EDITOR Jaya Gibson: editor@outdoorsnz.org.nz EDITORIAL TEAM Jaya Gibson, Yosan Legaspi, Joan Ko, Shane Wilson DESIGN & LAYOUT Shane Wilson: design@outdoorsnz.org.nz ADVERTISING For advertising submission guidelines and enquiries: comms@outdoorsnz.org.nz DISTRIBUTION Outdoors New Zealand: comms@outdoorsnz.org.nz PUBLISHER Ki Waho is published by Outdoors New Zealand Level 3, 19 Tory Street, Wellington. PO Box 6027, Wellington, 6141 Phone + 64 4 385 7287 Fax + 64 4 385 7366 comms@outdoorsnz.org.nz www.outdoorsnz.org.nz PRINTING Ki Waho Issue 7 printed by Vertia PO Box 30464, Lower Hutt Phone: + 64 4 570 0355 Email: info@vertia.co.nz www.vertia.co.nz CONTRIBUTIONS The publisher invites the outdoor community to contribute to Ki Waho. All submissions which meet the magazine’s criteria will be considered. For submission guidelines, please contact Outdoors New Zealand: comms@outdoorsnz.org.nz DISCLAIMER The opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher, Outdoors New Zealand. All efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information presented in Ki Waho, but the publisher accepts no liability or responsibility in this regard. In addition, any advertising of products or services in this magazine does not imply endorsement by Outdoors New Zealand. COPYRIGHT No part of Ki Waho may be reproduced in part or whole without the written permission of the publisher, Outdoors New Zealand Incorporated. COVER PHOTOGRAPH Descending to Chancellor Hut with Fox Glacier below. Photographer: Nathan Watson. THE MAGAZINE FOR NEW ZEALAND’S OUTDOOR COMMUNITY ‘Ki Waho – Into The Outdoors’ magazine brings New Zealand’s outdoor community together to share knowledge and ideas, foster innovation and best practices, encourage environmental responsibility and cultural understanding, and promote safe and enjoyable experiences in the great outdoors. Published on behalf of New Zealand’s outdoors community by:

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CONTENTS

ISSUE 7

From the Chief Executive

Fraser Crichton - Photographer Profile

Contributors

50 Years of Outward Bound

A Value Proposition for the Outdoors

21 Peaks Challenge

The World Outdoors Summit

YMCA Celebrate 150 Years

The Outdoors Forum and Outdoors Awards

Targeted Review of Qualification

Waiheke Walking Festival

New Zealand Walking Access Commission

NZ Journal of Outdoor Education

6th International Outdoor Education Research Conference

Mountain Safety Council

Photo: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

FROM THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE GARTHDAWSON Kia ora koutou e hoa ma. Welcome to Ki Waho issue 7. I have been at Outdoors New Zealand 9 months now and am enjoying it very much. My goal for the period - up until The Outdoors Forum in October - was to get a feel for the outdoors community, develop a clearer understanding of the issues affecting our sector and create a framework for my role at Outdoors New Zealand that will ensure we serve you all better. It has been a pleasure meeting those of you I have encountered during this period, including all those that attended The Outdoors Forum. This is some of what I’ve discovered so far... The Global Financial Crisis has radically altered consumer spending habits; unemployment is increasing; and government deficits have resulted in spending cuts to a number of environmental, structural, educational and regional services. At the core of the outdoor community is the outdoor consumer, or participant, whose diverse interests fuel a robust and innovative sector. Today’s outdoor lovers are no longer confined to traditional demographics or activity segments. They seek meaningful outdoor experiences from their backyards to the backcountry. They are all genders, ages, shapes, sizes, ethnicities, and income levels, and many view outdoor recreation as a key part of their daily lives. They fill their garages with bicycles, backpacks, boats, skis, tents, hunting rifles and fishing gear and that’s just the Kiwis. Overseas visitors are enthusiastic and influential participants in our outdoor adventure industry. As a consequence, sport and recreation is one of our largest economic sectors - similar in size to the dairy industry. Outdoor recreation (by which I mean educational, recreational and commercial outdoor pursuits) is a growing and diverse sector that is a vital cornerstone of both our national economy and of successful local communities. We need to continue to make the case for outdoor recreation to be a “must-have”, rather than a “nice-to-have.” It is vital that leaders, influencers, educators and

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KI WAHO ISSUE 7

Paddling on the Amazon River.

policy makers across the country recognise the undeniable economic, social and health benefits of outdoor recreation. Outdoors New Zealand is recognised as the peak industry body representing the interests of outdoor recreation users, and serving the outdoor sector in New Zealand. Outdoors NZ was set up in 1997 as a not-for-profit association by a coalition of the leading agencies, user groups and organisations in the outdoor community. They recognised that the sector needed a more coherent leadership structure and a mechanism for encouraging collaboration, enabling cooperation and reducing conflict.

OUTDOORS NZ’S LEADERSHIP ROLE From my experience, Outdoors NZ’s role is unique. NZ is the only country with a national, industry endorsed, peak body for the whole outdoors community. A key reason for establishing Outdoors NZ was to assist communication between different user groups and all levels of government on outdoor recreation-related issues. Outdoors NZ therefore respects the diversity of opinions across the outdoor recreation industry on any issue, and does not, on most issues, seek to achieve consensus or speak for the whole sector.

Our funding comes from a number of sources, in order of scale: 1. Government funding 2. Project & Programme income 3. Community & Charitable funding and 4. Membership Fees Our direction, from Sport NZ, is to provide leadership to the whole outdoor sector (not just Outdoors NZ members) and support the government’s outdoor recreation plan, this includes identifying, prioritising and supporting sector development needs. One of our key strategic goals is to increase participation in all forms of outdoor recreation - casual & organised, volunteer & commercial, enthusiast & professional. Outdoors NZ is recognised as the peak body for the outdoors by a number of government agencies, including the Department of Conservation, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Business Innovation & Employment, the Accident Compensation Corporation, and the Walking Access Commission. Our sector mandate comes from a broad based coalition of outdoor organisations: the membership of Outdoors NZ and the strategic partnerships we have developed with organisations who share our common goals.

Our “leadership” role is founded on supporting, servicing and connecting the sector. There are five key principles that we use to guide our leadership approach:

Our goal is to ensure that our membership reflects the breadth of interests, ideas and influences in the outdoors. Our focus is on improving collaboration, cooperation, information sharing and best practice across the sector. And on making the outdoors community a more cohesive whole. Our new constitution, which was ratified at our AGM in October and will be introduced from July 2013, allows individuals and businesses to choose to belong to Outdoors NZ and to share in broader sector conversations and initiatives. We do not compete with our members or with other sector organisations or associations.

Ŕ we strive to produce outcomes that benefit the whole of the outdoors community Ŕ our initiatives must be developed in the context of what already exists Ŕ our activities must meet the needs of the sector and should not conflict with other sector organisations

Our objectives are:

Ŕ efficiencies, cooperation, communication and collaboration are achieved

Ŕ to promote the benefits of [public and commercial] outdoor recreation in Aotearoa New Zealand

Ŕ we will advocate for our goals inside and outside the sector In summary, Outdoors NZ is a service organisation to the outdoors community in Aotearoa NZ. Our role is to support, enable and encourage the efforts of others in the sector to ensure that we all benefit from being a part of a vibrant and effective outdoors community.

Ŕ to support the interests of the outdoor recreation community to government, industry and the public Ŕ to advocate and facilitate access to public lands and waters for outdoor recreation Ŕ to foster responsible use of Aotearoa NZ’s outdoors by recreational users through advocacy and education Ŕ to be a forum for the exchange of views between government, outdoor recreation groups, and other organizations in matters related to outdoor recreation Ŕ to build bridges between outdoor recreation groups with conflicting interests

OUTDOOR SECTOR PLANNING FORUM On 23 February 2012 an Outdoor Sector Planning Forum (OSPF) was held in Wellington, to identify projects that will enhance sector development and growth. Thirty representatives of key stakeholder organisations from across the outdoors community were able to attend the full day event. The outcome from the day was six project concepts that were prioritised and have been incorporated into our strategic and business plans. We are delivering some of these initiatives ourselves and providing support, where appropriate, to other organisations. We committed to reporting back on the progress of the 6 initiatives that were identified at the planning forum, these were:

1. Value Proposition - The goal of this project is to ensure the government and customers are aware of the value that operators within the sector provide. The project proposes clear demonstration of value at economic, social, health, education and environmental levels. 2. Participation in the outdoors - The goal of the strategy is life-long outdoor recreation habits. A specific project goal was to co-ordinate a youth engagement strategy. 3. Leader Development - this project includes leadership at all levels. It suggests development of tools to assist leaders to understand the opportunities for and competencies of leadership. It also suggests increased opportunities for leader development. 4. Organisational roles and governance - this project includes governance within individual organisations and the sector infrastructure as a whole. 5. Sector Networking - the goal of this project is strengthened communication within the sector and with external stakeholders. I proposed the development of an inter-agency communication plan and an online forum for the sector. 6. Safety and Audit standards - The group working on this project proposed exploring the concept of a single safety organisation in New Zealand.

Documents summarising the key sector projects can be viewed or downloaded as PDFs from our website at: http://www.outdoorsnz.org.nz/projects/outdoorsector-planning-forum-23-february-2012

KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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6. Safety and Audit standards

I have summarised our progress to date here: 1. Value Proposition It was clear that the development of a value proposition was a key priority, as this project will provide a strong foundation for all of the other initiatives and the direction for further projects. This value proposition will be a set of outcomes that will demonstrate why and how the outdoors is valuable to all levels of Aotearoa New Zealand society. You can read Jaya’s article about the importance of developing an effective value proposition on page 13. 2. Participation in the outdoors Participation in the outdoors is particularly important to us, encouraging participation is one of our key strategic goals and the focus of Sport NZ’s outdoor recreation strategy. This is one of the longer term outcomes for the Value Proposition project (above) and we will be able to identify and develop meaningful participation strategies once that has been completed. One of the early results is a regional pilot - an outdoor recreation events website - being developed with funding and assistance from Wellington City Council. We are also developing opportunities to engage with kaupapa Maori approaches to outdoor recreation and learning. 3. Leader Development There were several leadership workshops in the business stream of The Outdoors Forum. Outdoors NZ also promotes the leadership tools and other resources that Sport NZ provides to the outdoors sector (and most of these are free!) We will be providing more resources and tools to enhance your personal and organisational leadership skills in the future. 4. Organisational roles and governance A governance workshop was held the evening prior to The Outdoors Forum with a healthy attendance of approximately forty outdoors organisations. The workshop was hosted by Skills Active in their Wellington office, with Deb Hurdle, Sport NZ’s Manager Recreation, and Tony Hassed from Boardsense presenting. Sport NZ have funded and presented a study into governance & leadership in the outdoors sector. At a workshop in November, Outdoors NZ was tasked with integrating the outcomes of the study and the workshop into the broader outcomes that these other projects are addressing and ensuring that the outdoors community is involved.

Safety is a vital consideration in all outdoor recreation. There are a number of existing initiatives in this space which are all working towards raising safety standards and assuring enjoyment for all in the outdoors. A key recommendation from the OSPF was to explore the possibility of a single outdoor safety organisation, this is in the hands of Mountain Safety Council and Water Safety NZ. The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) led implementation of the Adventure Activities Regulations (an amendment to the HSE Act) will have far-reaching consequences for safety standards and safety management practices in the whole sector. The associated adventure activities projects have been managed by MBIE with consultation through a sector wide advisory group and in partnership with Outdoors NZ and the Tourism Industry Association (TIA). You can find out more on our website and access guidance and support material on supportadventure.co.nz. ACC has convened a Sport & Recreation Group to consult on strategies to reduce the number (and cost) of accidents in outdoor activities. This group will consider the wide range of safety initiatives in the sector and look at best practices and shared learning.

If you’d like to know more about any of these projects or would like to be involved in any way, please get in touch. I believe that these initiatives will all provide important outcomes for the future of outdoor recreation in Aotearoa New Zealand and we have incorporated them into Outdoors NZ’s strategic plan. We will, of course, keep you updated on progress through our website, further editions of Ki Waho magazine, Te Karere Waho email newsletters, workshops and the Forum/Summit. Your participation is encouraged and your input is always appreciated. Outdoor experiences provide us with invaluable and highly interactive opportunities to develop physically, mentally and socially. We learn to appreciate nature more, co-operate more effectively, develop better leadership and decision-making skills, gain confidence from overcoming challenges and step out of our comfort zone. I intend to translate those ideas to this role and to ensure that Outdoors New Zealand is always available to support, encourage, enable, challenge and advocate for you and your goals, and to advance the use, enjoyment and safety of Aotearoa NZ’s great outdoors. Whāia te iti kahurangi – ki te tūohu koe, me he maunga teitei. Search for great things – if one has to bow let it be to a lofty mountain. Ngā mihi nui

5. Sector Networking The Outdoors Forum is our key networking and information sharing event of the year and the feedback we received has been very encouraging. Thanks to all who attended and contributed. 2013 is our international conference year and the World Outdoors Summit will be held in Rotorua in the week of 18-22 November. It’s going to be an exciting, entertaining and informative event with an international flavour, so block out the dates in your calendar now! We are planning a series of Outdoors Roadshows in the new year. These are to keep you informed and connected and will include updates on a number of sector initiatives, communications seminars and safety workshops. Further information on both of these events will be released shortly.

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KI WAHO ISSUE 7

Garth Dawson CEO Outdoors New Zealand

Outdoors New Zealand is recognised as the peak industry body representing the interests of outdoor recreation users, and serving the outdoor sector in New Zealand. Colca Canyon in Peru.

Swing Bridge - Tararua Forest Park.

Photo: Shane Wilson KI WAHO ISSUE 7 PAGE 8

CONTRIBUTORS ANGELA ATKINS

JENNESS REEVE

GRANT DAVIDSON

Angela has worked in HR and training for the last 15 years within retail, local government, financial services and the tertiary sectors. Since mid 2007, she has worked for Elephant Training and HR, providing HR support and advice to a number of SME’s and corporates, as well as facilitating in-house and public training workshops including Refresh HR and Essential Employment Law. Angela is also the bestselling author of Management Bites and Employment Bites - both published by HarperCollins.

Jenness lives and works on beautiful Waiheke Island. When she left her job five years ago to become self-employed, Jenness decided her life motto would be ‘good things for good people with good people’. She says she is blessed to have wonderful family, friends and work she is passionate about. The Waiheke Walking Festival, in its third year, is exactly the kind of project she loves, ‘I can’t sing very well but every day I find myself singing ‘Walking Back to Happiness’!

angela@elephanthr.co.nz

amreeve@xtra.co.nz

Grant has been playing, working, thinking and dreaming in the outdoors for the past 35 years. He has held a range of positions from volunteer cook to instructor to CE of outdoor centres to auditor. He has a few tertiary qualifications that showed he could trick some academics into thinking he knew something at one stage - but he has now forgotten more than he ever knew! He lives in Wellington with his wife, three kids and a dog which is high on the autism spectrum and causes constant visits from the Council dog officer.

MIKE EDGINTON Mike is the Department of Conservation Partnerships, Historic and Visitor Manager, responsible for the Department’s systems, standards, policies and investment in recreation opportunities and historic assets. Mike has worked in conservation management for over 35 years and has been with the Department of Conservation for 22 years. A planner and business analyst, he has worked in most of New Zealand’s national parks and in protected areas of Nepal, Bhutan and Papua New Guinea on tourism infrastructure projects and training local staff in the management of facilities. In 1995 Mike led the implementation of a national management system for all visitor assets in New Zealand’s national parks and reserves. In more recent times he was the National Manager of Recreation Facilities and the business lead for the implementation of the SAP Asset Management System used by DOC.

KIRSTIE ROSS Kirstie is the author of Going Bush: New Zealanders and Nature in the Twentieth Century, which was published by Auckland University Press in 2008. She has worked at Te Papa since 2004 where she has curated numerous exhibitions, including Blood, Earth Fire, an exhibition which explores the history of New Zealanders’ interactions with the landscape. She is also a trustee of the Tararura Tramping Museum Trust. kirstier@tepapa.govt.nz

JON LASENBY

Mike is a keen traveller, mountain biker, hunter and tramper and now that his two children have left home he spends as much time as he can exploring remote and wilderness areas of NZ.

Jon is the Training Manager at Outward Bound New Zealand. Most recently, Jon ran the Whitireia Outdoor Rec programme. He is a keen sailor and current member of the NZOIA executive.

medginton@doc.govt.nz

jlasenby@outwardbound.co.nz

He still likes getting out and running in the hills, skiing, sailing and walking with the family. grant@skillsactive.org.nz

PETER WALKER Peter works for Civil Defence Emergency Management which has been around for a long time in New Zealand. Recent events like flooding in the Manawatu and the Canterbury earthquakes has given us even more profile. Our mission is to see connected communities ready and able to respond and recover from a disaster. Peter has been in emergency management for over 5 years, and prior to that was with The Salvation Army and Telecom. He enjoys working in communities and seeing people come together with the strengths and skills they have to achieve great things. peter.walker@gw.govt.nz

NIGEL CASS Nigel has worked in sports management in both New Zealand and the UK since 1990. From 1994 he worked at the Hillary Commission with responsibility for Local Government Liaison and Active Living. He managed the development and roll out of the “Push Play” campaign. Nigel joined the New Zealand Rugby Union in 2001 as Franchise and Provincial Union Relationship Manager. He was also Chair of the Board of the IRB Wellington International Sevens and in 2004 he took on the role of Project Manager for the DHL NZ Lions Series and also project managed the bid process for Rugby World Cup 2011. From 2006 until early 2012 he was General Manager, Tournament Services for Rugby New Zealand 2011 Ltd and led the team responsible for delivering the operational aspects of RWC 2011 including running the matches, hosting teams, managing security services, and partnering with Local Councils to deliver Fanzones and city theming. nigel.cass@nzrugby.co.nz

FRASER CRICHTON Originally from Scotland, Fraser Crichton is an adventure photographer and writer based in Wellington. He is a columnist for Wilderness Magazine and a contributor to The Climber. He specialises in adventure photography covering events like the Tararua Mountain Race, mountaineering in the Southern Alps and tramping throughout New Zealand. Occasionally, he can be found hanging out in Wellington’s cafes but that’s mostly planning his next adventure assignment. fraser.nomad.writer@gmail.com

SUE GEMMELL

DR SUE WALKER

Sue is the project Leader for two of the recommendations arising from the Department of Labour’s review into adventure tourism safety. She has been an advisor in the outdoor sector for 10 years, most recently employed by Skills Active as the Learning and Development Advisor for outdoor recreation and snowsports. Sue is a keen outdoor recreationalist and regularly participates in mountain biking, skiing and tramping.

Sue is Research Manager for Sport New Zealand and was the research and information manager for Sport NZ’s predecessor, the Hillary Commission. She has also been the Manager of the Health Sponsorship Council’s Research and Evaluation Unit, the Department of Internal Affairs’ Research and Evaluation Services team, and information manager for the Commerce Commission.

sue.gemmell@outdoorsnz.org.nz

ANDREA CORRIGAN

Before coming to New Zealand in 1995, Sue worked on an extensive range of sport and recreation projects as a contract researcher in the university, public and private sectors in the UK. sue.walker@sportnz.org.nz

Andrea is an experienced marketing and communications professional with a passion for sports, recreation and the outdoors. Since arriving in New Zealand 5 years ago, she’s worked in the private sector and for local government and is currently the Marketing & Communications Manager for the New Zealand Mountain Safety Council.

COLIN MEEHAN

andrea.corrigan@mountainsafety.org.nz

His role includes the development of new regulatory activities and programmes, and ongoing business improvement and monitoring of operational policies and procedures to improve the Labour Group’s operational performance.

PHIL BILBROUGH Phil is the Marketing Manager at Forest & Bird, and enjoys a career that spans more than two decades in marketing, web development and advertising.

Colin is currently acting General Manager for the Business, Process and Innovation team within the Labour Group of the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.

Colin has served as Private Secretary to the Minister of Labour, providing advice and analysis on portfolio issues including the review of risk management and safety in the adventure and outdoor commercial sectors in New Zealand 2009/10. Colin’s career background includes auditing, service design and ICT. colin.meehan@dol.govt.nz

p.bilbrough@forestandbird.org.nz

Photo: Pete Monk www.petemonk.com

HEATHER RHODES

ANDREW LESLIE

Heather has instructed for personal development in the outdoors for about ten years, for organisations including Outward Bound, the Sir Edmund Hillary Outdoor Pursuits Centre and the Army Leadership Centre.

Andrew joined the Nz Recreation Association as Chief Executive in October 2011. His career in the recreation and sport sector was fostered within Local Government, delivering community recreation programs and events.

She values watching her students doing amazing things with amazing people in amazing places, but has always wondered if these experiences have any impact after a course. She has a PhD in evaluating interventions (Otago University, 2004), and enjoys doing adventures of the watery and mountainous kinds herself when she is not contentedly indoors drinking coffee with friends.

Prior to commencing his current role, Andrew spent 4 years with Tourism NZ managing the i-SITE Visitor Centre Network.

heather.rhodes@nzdf.mil.nz

GARTH GULLEY Garth is the OutdoorsMark Programme Manager for Outdoors New Zealand. He has been involved in the outdoors for most of his life. Before moving to Outdoors New Zealand, Garth managed an outdoor centre on the Hauraki Gulf. He oversaw the centre gaining OutdoorsMark certification in 2007. As any of his clients will tell you, Garth is committed to enhancing safety and client satisfaction. garth.gulley@outdoorsnz.org.nz

andrew@nzrecreation.org.nz

PETER CAMMELL Peter is passionate about the outdoors, especially climbing and mountaineering. Recently he became a NZOIA qualified rock, alpine and avalanche instructor. He has enjoyed success in leadership and governance in business as a pharmacist, President of NZ Alpine Club, and Chairman of Auckland Central Business Association (HOTC Inc.) and now consultants on strategy, positioning and business growth. alpinist@xtra.co.nz

MARK NEESON

Jane has worked at The Film Archive curating screenings for Community Groups since 2000. She also manages the Travelling Film Show Project.

Mark is Chief Executive of the New Zealand Walking Access Commission. He’s a keen tramper, skier and climber and is passionate about promoting free, certain and enduring walking access to the outdoors for New Zealanders and overseas visitors.

jane.paul@nzfa.org.nz

mark.neeson@walkingaccess.govt.nz

JANE PAUL

DR JUSTIN IHIRANGI HEKE Dr. Justin Ihirangi Heke is currently a Maori Health & Physical Activity Consultant involved in a number of projects ranging from community based initiatives aimed at increasing physical activity to working in applied roles with elite athletes as both a Sport Psychologist and Strength Conditioner. Previously he has held lecturing roles in the School of Physical Education at the University of Otago, the University of Hawaii at Hilo and currently lectures for the Wananga o Raukawa. Dr Heke is also a consultant to the New Zealand Academy of Sport delivering to several national sporting bodies including; Motorsport New Zealand, Cycling New Zealand, Motorcycling New Zealand and New Zealand Swimming Federation. ihi.heke@xtra.co.nz

NATHAN WATSON Having studied and worked in the outdoors industry for approximately 10 years, Nathan is now the National Outdoor Programme Co-ordinator for GirlGuiding NZ. After gaining a Bachelor of Adventure Recreation and Outdoor Education, he worked at Outward Bound South Africa for a year. He has also worked as an outdoor instructor in Hong Kong, China, Thailand and New Zealand. Some trip highlights include a 12-day sea kayaking and tramping exploration of Stewart Island, 12 days crossing Kahurangi National Park and summiting Japan’s highest mountain, Mt Fuji, after an all-night climb. nz.nathan.watson@gmail.com

Managing every degree of your event Conferences & Forums Road Shows & Expos TREVOR TAYLOR

Training Days

Trevor has been the Chief Executive Officer of Outward Bound Trust of New Zealand since January 2001. He is also a member of the Outward Bound International Operations Council.

Team Building Project Management Event Management

Trevor came to Outward Bound after having held various senior executive positions within the Petroleum Corporation of NZ, Southern Petroleum, Fletcher Challenge Energy and the Electricity Corporation of New Zealand. Trevor is currently a Director of L&M Petroleum and a Trustee of Life Flight Trust and the Wellington Free Ambulance Trust.

Experience our award winning event management services delivered from Cape Reinga to Bluff... & everywhere in between!!

Trevor and his wife Shona live in Wellington. Their five adult children are currently spread far and wide in London, Melbourne, Cambridge NZ and Wellington. Trevor describes his current role at Outward Bound as one of those â&#x20AC;&#x153;million-to-one dream roles, that make you bounce out of bed each morningâ&#x20AC;?.

03 943 2237 info@360de.co.nz

ttaylor@outwardbound.co.nz

360de.co.nz

Proud to be the event gurus for... Photo: Pete Monk www.petemonk.com

KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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As a community, we assume we know what value New Zealand’s outdoors brings to society. The benefits are many including; economic, educational, health, cultural and social. Yet at all levels, we face increasing challenges in terms of funding, public support, public perception of safety and so on. Whilst we are confident that our community provides value, it is clear that we have struggled to articulate that value in a meaningful way. We have struggled to sustain support and investment from government. We have struggled to convince commercial enterprise the value of investing in our organisations. We have struggled to convince society at large that we are safe. We have struggled for sure. But we have not failed. The crux of the matter is proof. Those accountable for budgets are under more pressure than ever before to secure a ‘return on investment’ (ROI) and like anyone who is held accountable, they will only bank on projects that convince them of the greatest return. Platitudes of life-changing experiences

from climbing a mountain just don’t cut it anymore. No-one is suggesting that such an experience is not valuable. But when ‘ROI’ is scrutinised, the decision-makers need something to show that the experience actually translates into a quantifiable benefit. The burden of proof remains with us. In essence, the failure to provide measurable benefit, is where we truly need to improve. So how do we quantify this value? How do we know that there isn’t hidden value yet uncovered? How can we be sure that our assumptions of value actually hold up to scrutiny? How do we increase support and investment for the betterment of what we do without compromising what we value in the process? Is that possible without significant trade-offs? For want of a better phrase, how do we ‘sell’ the outdoors? These are all questions our community has started asking and Outdoors New Zealand is attempting to help find the answer. This value proposition project aims to address these issues. Outdoors New Zealand will lead this collaborative project in partnership with key stakeholders in the community. There will be three sets of outcomes: policies for government; tools and resources for commercial and educational organisations and a public awareness campaign to inform Kiwis about the value of the outdoors.

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It is our hope that the successful outcomes of this project will not only enhance Kiwis’ understanding of the true value of the outdoors, it will have them proactively engaging in the outdoors and ensuring its place as a crucial part of the New Zealand way of life.

WHAT IS A VALUE PROPOSITION AND HOW CAN IT HELP ME? ‘Value proposition’ is not a term completely familiar to those outside of the commercial business world. It describes a promise of value that benefits the customer, and it gives customers a reason to believe and support a proposition. Our community, for example, needs to make the case to government as to why it should invest more in outdoor recreation than other sectors. We have to back this case up with solid data, rationalised policies and public awareness messages. In the business world, a value proposition is a business or marketing statement that summarises why a consumer should buy a product or use a service. This statement should convince a potential consumer that one particular product or service will add more value or better solve a problem than other similar offerings. For the purposes of this project, a value proposition means a set of outcomes (rather than a single statement) that will explain why the outdoors is valuable to all levels of New Zealand society. It will clarify why increased investment in the outdoors is a positive step and what the benefits to those that invest and support outdoor recreation and education are. Having a value proposition will bring value to all outdoors organisations. From a single guide, to a national chain of recreation centres, they can all benefit through access to tools and resources that did not previously exist. These resources can be utilised by any organisation in the outdoors to approach a local, regional, national or even international funding sources.

KI WAHO ISSUE 7 PAGE 14 Illustration: Jon-Paul Smith

PROJECT GENESIS On 23 February 2012 Outdoors New Zealand convened the Outdoor Sector Planning Forum to identify projects and strategies that could increase positive sector growth. Out of the six projects identified, the value proposition project was highlighted as a key project that would benefit the entire community and the country as a whole. The definition at the end of the day became; a value proposition to influence government policy, secure customers and increase investment. A value proposition specifically related to the benefits of outdoor recreation is readily available to attract customers and investors.

The proposition will show the value of participation in the following areas: Ŕ &DPOPNJD Ŕ 4PDJBM BOE JOUFSQFSTPOBM EFWFMPQNFOU Ŕ )FBMUI QIZTJDBM BOE NFOUBM

Ŕ &EVDBUJPO Ŕ &OWJSPONFOU Customers and investors will perceive the benefits of participation in outdoor recreation and both participate and invest The project started in earnest at The Outdoor Forum 2012, 12-13 October, held at the CQ Hotel, Cuba Street, Wellington. The theme of the forum – The value of the outdoors to New Zealand society – was created with the intention of informing the wider outdoors community of the project, bolstering support and increasing collaboration.

PROJECT DELIVERABLES There are several ways that ‘we’ can look at this. And when this article refers to ‘we’, it is referring to both the wider outdoors community and New Zealand society at large. It can be viewed as an academic exercise in research and evaluation, an economic study, a policy development project or even just a communications and/or marketing exercise. The reality is that it is all those things and much more. The outcomes of the project will be greater than the sum of its parts. It’s an opportunity to reclaim an important stake in society and the future development of our country.

Government policy

Tools & Resources

Public awareness campaign

It goes without saying that the development and delivery of well written policies will have the greatest impact for the sector. These will cover the entire community with policies aimed specifically for driving investment in the outdoor education, outdoor recreation and adventure tourism sectors. Furthermore, there will be more broad-ranging policies such as those that address risk and safety regulations, environment, health, and so on.

From the research conducted, the data will be broken down into easy to understand packages that can be readily accessed via a website specifically built and branded for this purpose. These will consist of things like guides and templates to access funding and grants, graphical illustrations (also known as infographics, see Sport NZ’s example on the next page) highlighting specific values of the outdoors that can be used in presentations, articles and social media, for example.

Last and certainly not least, is a public awareness campaign. More often than not, great projects that can deliver fantastic outcomes fail purely because no one has heard of them. The campaign will announce the availability of the resources to those that will want to use them and to gain support from the general public to put pressure on the government to act on the policies.

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What all of these deliverables will specifically look like is dependant on consultation from the community. This project is for your benefit, so your involvement is crucial.

CLIMBING OUR OWN EVEREST In the normal scheme of national sector projects, this is not an overly ambitious one, although it does require a decent amount of investment and genuine collaboration across the sector. That term investment, is an important one, because there will be a definite return for the outdoors community and the country as a whole. Although gaining significant funding is a reality of such a project, we should not focus on investment purely in terms of finance. Emotional, spiritual and physical investment are highly important if we are to genuinely benefit from the outcomes. It’s exactly because the outdoors is so integral at all levels in our way of life, that we need a proposition to address those benefits beyond the purely economic. Having said that, few will fail to see the irony in the dilemma that significant investment is needed to carry out such a project so that we may gain more, ahem… investment. At The Outdoors Forum it was indicated by Sport NZ’s Manager of Recreation, Deb Hurdle, that she hopes Sport NZ will carry on all current funding for outdoor recreation into the next three-year period. However, it was indicated that it is unlikely there will be any increases in the amounts awarded. That is of course, no reason not to try and make the case for more, but the reality is,—as we are all too keenly aware,—that funding is becoming more and more scarce from all sources. This factor will increase the pressure on orgs to back their justification for funding even further. This of course only further steels the irony (excuse the pun) that we need this value proposition even more. Our challenge in this respect is to find the value of the outdoors in its own right. Getting trapped in an exercise of pointing out inequities when it comes to government funding is a dangerous one, so let’s not go there. It’s also important for us to have hard data just for our own evaluation in order to set a benchmark or a baseline that we can work from. With the release of Sport NZ’s ‘What’s the real value of sport?’ campaign, we have an opportunity to build on that work and make it specific and relevant to the outdoors. Greater pressure on expected ROI is one of the more common issues across the country. We can look to our partners and affiliates who exist in other sectors, that have already created strategies to tackle the coming challenges. Outdoors New Zealand for example, is working closely with NZ Recreation Association to create efficiencies, but we are also drawing from their experience to develop similar strategies for supporting our community.

What’s the real value of sport? Is an infographic created by Sport NZ as a communications and marketing tool to articulate the economic and participation benefits from the overall sport and recreation sector. Imagine a similar graphic and replace ‘sport’ with ‘the outdoors’.

PROJECT STAGES

Stage 1 - Seed funding: initial funding to facilitate research gap analysis and gain further funding

Stage 2 Research gap analysis: research to ascertain what relevant research has already been completed and identify what further research needs to be carried out

Stage 3 - Round 2 funding: gain major partner funding for carrying out new research and development of proposition deliverables

Stage 4 - Policy development: sector consultation to identify what the most important policies to be developed are

Stage 5 Resource development: creation of tools and resources for public distribution

There are no easy solutions to these challenges, there is no silver bullet or unforeseen (until this point), untapped resource that we can use. It simply means we have to roll up our sleeves and do the work. Gaining funding is a genuine and necessary step, but it’s not the ‘be all and end all’. There are however plenty of opportunities beyond funding for everyone to support this project and get involved. From practical support to amplifying the message, assistance at all levels is welcomed. These are just a few practical examples of what you or your organisation can provide: Ŕ Case studies highlighting how your organisation brought value to the community through providing a product or service. This could be from providing an educational programme, developing a new product that increased visitors to the area, supporting a community event or even a role your team played during a natural disaster. Ŕ Market research that measures participation levels or economic benefit for the local or regional community. Ŕ Cross promotion for any campaign messages surrounding the value proposition project. Promoting the messages through your network or channels will be hugely effective and can be reciprocated through our comms and marketing channels. Let’s not forget the greater goal beyond growing our community. More people enjoying a quality experience in the outdoors, more of the time, means that in turn we create a healthier, wealthier and smarter country. As such, if we are to gain our rightful place in society as a significant and valued contributor, we need to work together on this project more than ever. Putting aside political differences at a time like this is important. Being magnanimous, pragmatic and thinking generationally is vital to keeping the right perspective and ensuring the project encompasses everything it needs to. It’s an exciting and interesting project that with a successful outcome, can be built upon to continue creating greater benefits for everyone in New Zealand. Perhaps it can even reinvigorate a sense of pride within the community and equally from outside that New Zealand continues to lead the way in valuing its great outdoors. Consultation throughout the sector will take place at key project milestones. We hope to see your input and support. The best way to keep informed and stay up to date of this and other projects is to subscribe to our monthly e-newsletter ‘Te Karere Waho’ via our website: www.outdoorsnz.org.nz.

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Stage 6 - Public PR/marketing campaign development: creation of marketing and PR collateral

Stage 7 - Project launch: The World Outdoors Summit 2013

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KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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world outdoors summit THE

THE VALUE OF THE OUTDOORS TO SOCIETY

New Zealand is a mecca for the world’s outdoors adventurers. Rotorua is its Maori cultural heartland and a hotspot for the outdoors, making it the ideal location to discuss contemporary issues surrounding the value the outdoors brings to our society. Today, all around the world, the outdoors is being challenged with pressures from every angle including; educational, environmental, cultural and economic. Those who work in the outdoors understand these issues all too well. The World Outdoors Summit is our opportunity to share, discuss and present how to resolve those challenges to ensure that lifelong recreation habits in the outdoors remain an important, relevant and valued part of our societies.

19-22 NOV 2013 ROTORUA NEW ZEALAND OUTDOORS EDUCATION OUTDOORS COMMERCIAL OUTDOORS LEISURE ∞ Professional Development ∞ Networking opportunities ∞ Keynote presentations ∞ Panel discussions ∞ Workshops and discussion groups ∞ Outdoor sessions ∞ Activities ∞ Exhibitions ∞ Awards Gala Dinner Leave with strategies and tactics to present the value of your outdoors product or service to the world. Gain insight, knowledge and wisdom from local and international experts. Learn and experience Maori outdoor education, bush skills cultural heritage.

CONFIRMED SPEAKERS

DR IHIRANGI HEKE Indigenous Outdoor Education Consultant

DR ROBYN ZINK Zink Research Outdoor Education Researcher

NGAHI O TE RA BIDOIS International Speaker and Consultant

PAORA TE HURIHANGANUI GM of Te Arawa Sports Foundation

CALL FOR SPEAKERS NOW OPEN To register, submit an abstract or for more info visit:

GET QUALIFIED

WITH AN OUTDOOR RECREATION QUALIFICATION

Skills Active Aotearoa is New Zealand’s Industry Training Organisation (ITO) for the recreation, sport and fitness industries. We offer outdoor recreation qualifications that give employees practical skills and competencies that are directly applicable to the work they do. Outdoor Activity Supervisor

This qualification covers the skills and knowledge to successfully run activities in a low risk outdoor environment (front country). Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Recreation and Sport Level 3.

Outdoor Leader

This qualification is designed for those leading, or intending to lead outdoor recreation activities for people at a beginner level in lowrisk environments. Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Outdoor Recreation (Outdoor Leader) Level 3.

Outdoor Instructor

The qualification has been designed to cover the technical skills required by Outdoor Instructors. Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Outdoor Recreation (Outdoor Instruction) Level 4/5.

Skills Active also has qualifications for your support and management staff.

Business Administration and Computing

This qualification recognises the wide range of skills and knowledge required by administrators, receptionists and office support staff. Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Business Administration and Computing Level 3.

First Line Management

This qualification is for people who are currently, or are training to be, responsible for managing people, resources and/or workplace operations. Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Business (First Line Management) Level 3 or Level 4.

Māori Management

This introductory qualification is designed to increase awareness of tikanga Māori within te ao Māori (the Māori worldview), and raise athe confidence of individuals and organisations working with Māori stakeholders. Successful completion will lead to the award of the National Certificate in Māori Management - Generic (Whakangahu ki te ao Māori - Workplace Practices) Level 3.

Senior Instructor Outdoor Instructor Outdoor Leader: National Certificate in Outdoor Recreation (Leadership) Outdoor Activity Supervisor

For more information about any qualifications, go to our website or contact a Skills Active Learning Support Advisor. 0508 4 SKILLS (0508 475 4557) Info@skillsactive.org.nz www.skillsactive.org.nz

Count the Kea and Win! ABOUT THE NEW ZEALAND OUTDOOR ADVENTURE ATLAS

Five cheeky Kea, just like this one, are hiding in this issue of ‘Ki Waho’- can you find them all? List the page numbers the five Kea are hiding in and go in the draw to win one of two copies of the New Zealand Outdoor Adventure Atlas by Hema Maps. Send your answers to comms@outdoorsnz. org.nz with your name and contact number. Competition closes 31 January 2013.

Features: Ŕ 400 of the best adventure experiences

The atlas made for adventure activity enthusiasts, the New Zealand Outdoor Adventure Atlas highlights the best locations to experience the wide array of adrenaline activities on offer throughout New Zealand. 400 adventure activities are listed within the atlas, ranging from conventional choices like bungy jumping to the more obscure options such as zorbing. Each adventure activity is pinpointed in the corresponding road atlas, with simplistic symbols to represent everything from movie-sets to tramping locations. The complete New Zealand road atlas contains 80 pages of touring maps that include throughroads and CBD maps, allowing users to sequentially plan routes and navigate themselves to each separate location.

Ŕ Water-based activities: diving, snorkelling, canoeing, kayaking, white-water rafting, surfing, jet boating, fishing Ŕ Land-based activities: Four-wheel driving, tramping, caving, horse riding, skiing, hunting, bungy jumping, zorbing, sky diving, mountain biking Ŕ Complete 4th edition Hema Maps atlas Ŕ Contact details for operators Ŕ National Parks maps Ŕ Comprehensive listing of Department of Conservation campsites Ŕ Locations for over 1200 motorhome parks, campsites and huts Ŕ Motorhome dump station and/or wastewater disposal sites Ŕ RRP: $39.99

Outdoor Activities Guidelines for leaders 5th Edition reprint This resource outlines current, accepted practice for running a wide variety of outdoor activities. The guidelines aim to assist outdoor leaders to provide quality outdoor experiences for participants. Outdoor Activities: Guidelines for Leaders is presented in two sections - general guidelines that are applicable to all outdoor activities, and specific guidelines that focus on 42 outdoor activities.

$35.00 incl p+p To purchase a copy please contact us by calling: +64 4 385 7287 or by emailing: publications@outdoorsnz.org.nz. KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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The Outdoors Forum is a significant event in the outdoor sector. This is the time where the heart of the outdoors community gather to discuss issues affecting the sector. The Outdoors Forum 2012 aimed to plant a seed that would encourage sector growth in the near future and for years to come.

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Nigel Cass - GM of Tournament Services for Rugby New Zealand

The purpose of the theme for the 2012 Forum, ‘The value of the outdoors to New Zealand society’, was to look beyond shortterm fixes. Accordingly, Outdoors New Zealand launched a value proposition project intended to boost the outdoors sector as a whole. The details of which are discussed on pages 13-17.

What is the value of the outdoors to our society?

All aspects of the Forum, including The Outdoors Awards, reinforced the idea that the outdoors is an invaluable part of the New Zealand way of life. The following pages are a snapshot of the two-day forum, including some presentations as articles.

PRESENTATIONS The call for Forum speakers attracted submissions from all areas of the outdoors spectrum, including educators, strategic-level managers, and outdoors community leaders. There were plenty of quality submissions, but ultimately, only presentations that closely related to the theme were chosen. New Zealand’s outdoors community is so diverse with educators, strategic-level managers and community leaders to name a few. What could be more relevant than a project that encompasses all aspects of the outdoors sector?

Steve Gurney speaking at The Outdoors Forum.

Andrew Leslie - New Zealand Recreation Association

THANKS Outdoors New Zealand would like to thank The Outdoors Forum 2012 Planning Committee: Andrea Corrigan - MSC, Andrew Leslie - NZRA, Deb Hurdle - Sport NZ, Felicity Fozard - WSNZ, Fiona McDonald - EONZ, Garth Dawson - ONZ, Garth Gulley - ONZ, Grant Davidson - Skills Active, James Heffield - NZWAC, Liz Thevenard - EONZ, Mike Davies - DOC and Sue Gemmell - ONZ.

Photos: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

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For one night a year, the champions of New Zealand’s great outdoors get to shine. The Outdoors Awards 2012, hosted by Outdoors New Zealand, recognised the highest levels of individual and organisational achievement in outdoor recreation, outdoor education and adventure tourism in New Zealand. This year the prestigious event was held in October at the Mac’s Function Centre, Wellington, emceed by Outdoors New Zealand Chair Alex Brunt and co-hosted by nine-time Coast to Coast winner Steve Gurney, who entertained the audience with stories of his outdoors exploits. The highest accolade, the Sport NZ Supreme Award for dedication, commitment and significant contribution to outdoor recreation, outdoor education and adventure tourism in New Zealand went to Stu Allan. “Looking around the room, I can see people who deserve this award more than me,” Stu said, “But I’m very humbled and honoured to be getting the Supreme Award.” Other winners include the Waiheke Walking Festival, which won the Event Award, and Harris Mountains Heli-Ski, which won the Adventure Tourism Award. These awards were introduced this year to recognise the significant contribution adventure tourism makes to the outdoors. Waiheke Walking Festival organiser and founder, Jenness Reeve, said winning the Event Award was absolutely thrilling. “To have an award from Outdoors New Zealand really validates all the hard work that goes into this event. It’s a real measure of how well-rounded our approach is to creating this event.”

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Harris Mountains Heli-Ski chief guide, Dean Staples, said winning the first Adventure Tourism Award was something special. “Our name will always be there on the plaque as the first organisation - it feels great!”

WELLINGTON

2012 12 October Mac’s Brewery Bar Function Centre Taranaki Street Wharf

EONZ EDUCATION PROGRAMME MERIT AWARDS: 1. Hillcrest High School 2. Whakatūpatu - MSC Firearms Safety Training Programme

EONZ EDUCATION PROGRAMME AWARD MATAHUI ROAD SCHOOL

EDUCATION PROGRAMME AWARDS FINALISTS: 1. Boyle River Outdoor Education Centre 2. Gore High School 3. YMCA New Plymouth Connexions Programme

Matahui Road School offers a level of outdoor education beyond what would usually be offered at primary/intermediate level. It has developed an EOTC programme with impressive breadth and depth of participation – all students, and many families, are involved. The school has a comprehensive EOTC programme that progressively develops children’s skills from New Entrant to Year 8. All students leave this school having had exposure to a wide range of New Zealand outdoors environments and outdoor pursuits.

“Looking around the room, I can see people who deserve this award more than me,”

WINNERS NZOIA EMERGING INSTRUCTOR AWARD - SOPHIA MULDER

Sport NZ Supreme Award Stu Allan

NZOIA Emerging Instructor Award Winner Accepted on behalf of Sophia Mulder by Steve Long

MSC Volunteer Award Nigel Seebeck

EONZ Education Programme Award Winner Matahui Road School

ONZ Organisation Award Bigfoot Adventures

EONZ Education Programme Special Merit Award Hillcrest High School

ONZ Event Award Winner Waiheke Walking Festival

ONZ Adventure Tourism Award Winner Harris Mountains Heli-Ski

OPC Environmental Leadership Award Winner St Cuthbert’s College Kahunui

EONZ Education Programme Special Merit Award Whakatūpato - MSC Firearms Safety Training Programme

Sophia is an extremely talented, conscientious and professional instructor as shown by the laudatory feedback received from her diverse national and international clientele. This year her worth was recognized by her “off season” company, Green River Adventures in Carolina, who promoted her from Instructor to Manager. In her spare time she has pushed her personal comfort zone on hard white water and earlier in the year Sophia won the Citroen Extreme Race and paddled Nevis Bluff on the Kawarau River.

MSC VOLUNTEER AWARD - NIGEL SEEBECK Nigel has been a member of the Mountain Safety Council since 1983 - 29 years of commitment to the outdoors community. He is the consummate volunteer who successfully juggles his volunteer roles and his professional career without compromising either. He has facilitated workshops in Abseil and Alpine for MSC instructors in the North Island as well as assisting with the development of both the Mountain Safety Council Abseil and Alpine programmes at a National level. He places a huge emphasis on safety with a strong attention to detail, and enjoys sharing his knowledge and skills with others so that they too can enjoy the outdoors safety whether it be skiing, abseiling or tramping. VOLUNTEER AWARD FINALIST: David Eaton

OPC ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERSHIP AWARD - ST CUTHBERT’S COLLEGE - KAHUNUI St Cuthbert’s College’s 117 hectare property in the Bay of Plenty, Kahunui, aims to advance the academic and social development of Year 10 students, and to help them develop greater levels of physical, emotional and intellectual fitness.

Photos: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

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To date there has been well over two hundred projects covering 70 different areas, with 6 broad goals to help focus the students including to be 25% food sustainable by 2015 and to be 95% pest free by 2025. Kahunui attempts to encourage students to think about their place, their soft footprint, their place in guardianship, in Kaitiakitanga, and to take the long view on their role in environmental, cultural and social sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERSHIP AWARD FINALISTS: 1. Foris Eco-tours 2. NOLS 3. Oxfam New Zealand 4. Peel Forest Outdoor Centre

OUTDOORS NEW ZEALAND ADVENTURE TOURISM AWARD - HARRIS MOUNTAINS HELI-SKI Harris Mountains Heli-Ski has been operating for over 30 years and has grown to be the largest business of its kind in New Zealand. It provides an outstanding adventure tourism experience across a vast area – some 3,000 square kilometres and 7 mountain ranges – around Queenstown and Wanaka. The company has evolved a highly sophisticated safety infrastructure, is an active member of the sector’s operators group and is a current OutdoorsMark certificate holder. Their guides are all industry trained and qualified to an international standard and they work across the world, gaining valuable transferrable experiences in the off-season. ADVENTURE TOURISM AWARD FINALIST: Snow Bike Experience

OUTDOORS NEW ZEALAND EVENT AWARD - WAIHEKE WALKING FESTIVAL The Festival is an annual week-long outdoors festival designed and run by members of the local community. Its aim is to help locals and visitors experience a unique destination, to aid awareness of the value of conservation in the natural environment and to promote local history, leisure and recreation. Established in 2010, the 2011 Waiheke Island Walking Festival attracted around 1500 visitors to more than 40 different events. It has some world-class walks with over 80kms of coastal, bush and village

walkways right on Auckland’s doorstep. The walks have been booked out for the past two years. EVENT AWARD FINALISTS: 1. Kiwi Adventure Trust GO-4-12 Youth Adventure Race 2. NZAC Remarkables Ice and Mixed Festival

OUTDOORS NEW ZEALAND ORGANISATION AWARD - BIGFOOT ADVENTURES Established in 1995, this organisation offers instruction, facilitation and management of adventure programmes designed for the education sector, as well as community groups, social clubs, corporate clients and individuals. The company is the epitome of safety, challenge, fun, and one to which all outdoor companies should aspire. Supported by their OutdoorsMark accreditation, their safety systems and operational procedures are some of the best in the industry. Currently the company runs outdoor education programmes with almost 150 schools in the greater Auckland area, including some schools in Whangarei and the Waikato. They have also created a ‘Cycle Safety in Schools’ programme that is supported by Auckland and Hamilton City Councils. ORGANISATION AWARD FINALIST: Peak Performance Solutions

SPORT NZ SUPREME AWARD - STU ALLAN Stu has decades of experience in outdoor recreation and is currently in his 4th decade as a member of the NZ Alpine Club. He has played a major role in the New Zealand outdoors as a climber and administrator for many years. He has a long list of first ascents and has been active in encouraging others to climb, to explore and to enjoy the great outdoors. He was the first outdoor education trainer for the Ministry of Education, an OPC instructor and director, leader of the NZ/US Antarctic survival programme, a founding member of the Register of Outdoor Safety Auditors and the inaugural Chair of the Sir Edmund Hillary Outdoor Recreation Council. His commitment, insight, experience and understanding have made a remarkable contribution to the New Zealand outdoors. SUPREME AWARD FINALIST: Simon Graney

Dean Staples - Harris Mountains Heli-Ski

Steve Gurney speaking at The Outdoors Awards Photos: Fraser Crichton - frasercrichton.wordpress.com

THE 10 COMMANDMENTS OF EMPLOYMENT LAW What legislation must you comply with when employing people? GM of Elephant Training & HR Angela Atkins talks through her 10 commandments of employment. While complying with legislation is not the most exciting thing about employing people – you can incur large fines and also disengage your team if you do not— so it is worth making sure you are following these 10 commandments. COMMANDMENT 1: THOU SHALT BE CAREFUL! Under the Health and Safety Act you must: Ŕ Identify significant hazards and train staff on how to eliminate, minimise or isolate their impact Ŕ Report serious harm accidents to OSH within 7 days Ŕ Have a hazard register for other hazards and monitor these Ŕ Have an employee participation scheme Ŕ Have health and safety representatives For more on Health and Safety visit: www.dol.govt.nz

COMMANDMENT 2: THOU SHALT PAY THE RIGHT AMOUNT Under the Minimum Wage Act you must pay any employee who is an adult (16+) the minimum wage which is currently $13.50 per hour. The only exceptions are: Ŕ If you employ a 16-17 year old in the first three months of them working for anyone Ŕ If you have employees taking an apprenticeship In these cases you can pay the new entrant rate or training rate which is 80% of the adult rate.

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Sleepover: If your company is one of the Trusts or companies listed in the Sleepover Act you may also have to pay employees the minimum wage for when they are sleeping over and are responsible for looking after others.

COMMANDMENT 3: THOU SHALT NOT DEDUCT ILLEGALLY! Under the Wages Protection Act you cannot deduct wages from an employee without their written authorisation—unless it is an overpayment that you are correcting in the next pay—but there are strict guidelines when this applies. The only other time you do not need an employee’s consent is if a court directs it (e.g. fines), for IRD (e.g. income tax, child support or student loan) or for bargaining fee or union fees.

COMMANDMENT 4: THOU SHALT HAVE A WRITTEN AGREEMENT You must put your employment agreements in writing. This does not have to be a 50 page weighty tome! To comply with the Employment Relations Act it must include the employer, employee, location of work, a description of the work, hours, pay rate, a plain language clause about resolution of employment relationship problems and a protection clause if you are contracting out or transferring. There are lots of other clauses that are very useful too! Check out the Employment Agreement builder on www.dol.govt.nz. We also have an employment agreement audit which lists 120 clauses that are useful to have and what to include on them on our website www.elephanthr.co.nz NOTE: You can be fined $10,000 if you do not have a written agreement!

You must put your employment agreements in writing. This does not have to be a 50 page weighty tome!

COMMANDMENT 5: THOU SHALT TREAT EMPLOYEES DIFFERENTLY! Ŕ Make sure you specify what type of employee someone is: Casual employees: They should get 8% holiday pay each pay. However if they have worked regularly over 6 months they may have become part-timers who may get more benefits. If this is the case offer them in writing to stay as a casual or become a part-timer. Ŕ Fixed-term employee: If you employ someone on a fixed term but the reason is vague, they may be able to argue being a permanent employee. Make sure your fixed term is clear when the fixed term will start and end. Ŕ Contractors: They invoice through their company or an agency and are not an employee unless you are treating them like one (controlling their work, providing equipment etc).

COMMANDMENT 9: THOU SHALT KEEP PAY RECORDS You must keep wage records for your employees, whether they are casual, part-time or permanent. This should include: Ŕ Employee’s name Ŕ Employee’s age if they are under 20 Ŕ Postal address Ŕ The type of work the employee is completing Ŕ Whether they are covered by an Individual Employment Agreement (IEA) or a Collective Employment Agreement (CEA) Ŕ If a CEA, the title and expiry date and the employee’s classification Ŕ Where necessary for calculating pay – the hours the employee is employed for in each pay period Ŕ Wages to be paid each pay period and the method of calculation

COMMANDMENT 6: THOU SHALT USE TRIAL PERIODS PROPERLY Put the trial period in writing before the employee starts and make sure they sign it before they start. Otherwise, the trial period clause may be unenforceable or your employee might take a grievance if it was not in writing and signed before they started. You can also only use it for new employees – so if someone has worked for you before, you cannot use a trial period.

Ŕ Details of employment relations education leave NOTE: Under the Tax Administration Act 1994 you are required to keep wage records for 7 years after the end of the current tax year.

COMMANDMENT 10: THOU SHALT PAY KIWISAVER KiwiSaver is a voluntary work-based savings plan. As an employer you: Ŕ .VTU HJWF PVU B ,JXJ4BWFS information pack to new employees Ŕ .VTU BEWJTF *3% XIFO OFX employees start

COMMANDMENT 7: THOU SHALT ALLOW FOR BREAKS

Ŕ $BO DIPPTF B TDIFNF UP CF ZPVS preferred scheme. If you do not, then employees must choose which scheme to enter, or if they do not they will be assigned a default scheme at random

Under the Meal Breaks Act employees must be allowed a 10-minute paid break if they are working 2-4 hours. If working 4-6 they also get a 30-minute unpaid lunch break and for 6-8 hours another 10-minute paid break. You can now move these to the start or finish of someone’s shift if it does not work for them to take a break (e.g. air traffic controllers cannot pop out for 10 minutes!!)

Ŕ .VTU OFWFS HJWF ţOBODJBM BEWJDF UP your employees. Only a qualified financial advisor can do this and there are penalties if you do Ŕ $POUSJCVUF JG BO FNQMPZFF opts in. This is going up to 3% next year

COMMANDMENT 8: THOU SHALT ALLOW FLEXIBILITY Under the Flexible Working Arrangements employees can request flexible hours or flexible location if they have to care for others. They have to have worked for you for 6 months and they must set out how it will work. You have 3 months to reply and can turn the request down for a number of reasons.

The only time you do not have to opt new employees in is if they are temporary employees working for you for less than 28 days. For employees that do contribute, they can put in either 2%, 4% or 8% of their salary. So that is it! If you follow these 10 commandments you will minimise the risk of non-compliance to your company, but also make sure you are not disengaging your employees. If you want more information, I have packed more examples of applying legislation, including managing sick leave, redundancies and dismissals into my book ‘Management Bites’. Angela Atkins is GM of Elephant Training & HR. The Elephant team consult to SME’s on HR issues and run HR and management training. Angela is also the author of ‘Management Bites’ and ‘Employment Bites’, published by HarperCollins NZ. For more visit www.elephanthr.co.nz.

Angela presenting at the Outdoors Forum 2012

Photo: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

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THE VALUE OF OUTDOOR LEADERSHIP COURSES - DO PEOPLE REALLY CHANGE? Heather Rhodes, Army Leadership Centre Instructor, evaluates workplace change after Experiential Leadership Development Activities at the New Zealand Army Leadership Centre. Do you ever wonder whether outdoor personal development courses really benefit people when they return home? A common idea is that participants grow during a course – for example, in self-confidence or selfregulation – and then demonstrate those characteristics in their home environment. However, while some follow-up studies have shown improvements up to two years after a course in outcomes including aspects of leadership, self-concept, academic performance and interpersonal skills, other studies have shown little or no effect1. It seems that, whatever the mechanism, outdoor development courses have the potential to cause positive change, but change certainly is not guaranteed.

94% of participants

claimed they had improved their workplace attitudes or behaviours. PAGE 31

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Having said that, it is important to decide whether ‘personal development as evidenced by post-course behaviour change’ is in fact an objective of a particular outdoor programme. Many outdoor courses likely serve other important functions, such as exposing participants to a simpler, more active lifestyle; providing opportunities for interaction with and understanding of nature; and broadening participants’ horizons. None of these necessarily have to result in a measurable difference after the course. Perhaps equipping students with the skills and confidence to go overnight tramping on their own, should they choose to, is a valuable outcome – whether or not that confidence affects other areas of their lives. However, being able to measure and articulate actual behavioural outcomes is particularly important for the Army Leadership Centre (ALC)2. The mission statement of the ALC is:

a kayaker.’ Fair enough. If leadership is about ‘influencing others to achieve a task’, and the only influencing tools a leader has at their disposal are their actions and words (i.e., their behaviours), then for the ALC to be achieving its mission we should be able to show that a soldier who attends a whitewater kayakbased course will later show improvements in observable behaviours in the workplace. With this in mind, we set out to answer the following questions: A. Do ELDA participants report any changes in workplace attitudes3 or behaviour, after a course? B. More importantly - do their colleagues notice any changes? C. If improvements are reported, what factors appear to enhance these outcomes?

‘To develop all leaders of the NZ Army through experiential adventurous training in order to provide operationally-focused, professional military leaders.’ Giving soldiers a nature experience or equipping them for independent rock climbing is not a priority for the Defence Force (or your taxpayer spending). In the past it was not uncommon for a soldier on an ALC Experiential Leadership Development Activity (ELDA) to ask, ‘Why am I on a whitewater kayaking course? I’m an infantry officer, not

1. A good paper that summarises a lot of research is: Hattie, J., Marsh, H. W., Neill, J. T., & Richards, G. E. (1997). Adventure education and Outward Bound: Out-of-class experiences that have a lasting effect. Review of Educational Research, 67, 43-87. 2. Formerly the Army Adventurous Training Centre – the AATC combined with the Army Leadership Framework team in 2011, to become the ALC. 3. Changes in a soldier’s internal processes (their attitudes and mindset) are probably support any subsequent change in observable behaviours, so the ALC was interested in those outcomes too.

Majors and Warrant Officers on a ski touring ELDA in the Two Thumbs Range. Photo: Ben Corcoran

We evaluated the eleven ELDAs delivered at Level 1 or Level 2 during the 2010-2011 instructional season (see Box 1 for detail). Students completed an end-of-course survey, and were posted a workplace follow-up survey two months later. They also nominated a colleague who was asked to complete a similar workplace follow-up survey. The surveys used a ‘retrospective degree-of-change’ design – that is, rather than obtaining pre-course behaviour measures to compare with postcourse measures, we simply asked students and their colleagues if they had noticed any changes since the course. For example, the first question in the survey was: “To what extent have you made changes in your work behaviours (actions and words), since your recent attendance on an AATC ELDA?”, with the following response options: Negative change / No change / Limited positive change / Moderate positive change / Significant positive change.

WHAT DID WE FIND?

show that at least four months after an ELDA, not only do students claim they changed their attitudes and behaviours, but most of their colleagues notice positive changes too. Interestingly, even more colleagues said they’d noticed an improvement when we prompted them with ideas of the changes they might have seen (87% had noticed improvements with regard to the learning outcomes [refer Box 2]). Additionally, we can describe to commanders the type of change that they might be able to anticipate in their soldiers after an ELDA. We asked students to describe the kinds of changes they’d made. The most common self-identified improvements were ‘Dealing with Challenging Tasks and Situations’, primarily by adopting a more positive outlook, and ‘Understanding and considering others’ (Figure 1). Figure 1: Types of attitude and behaviour change described by ELDA students (102 changes as described by 43 students; numbers indicate frequency of mention)

Based on the 50 participants and 31 colleagues who returned surveys4, on average 4 months after each ELDA: Specific changes 7

94% of participants claimed they had improved their workplace attitudes or behaviours. Examples given by students: ‘I am more judicious in my criticism of others as a result of an increased awareness of my overly judgemental character.’

Stepping up 2

Dealing with challenging tasks and situations 34

Try new things 3

(Primary strategy: ‘more positive attitude’)

Goal setting 3

‘More positive around my platoon.’ ‘I have become more positive in my wording, looking at things that are inconvenient for the opportunities they present, rather than the struggles.’

Motivation 5

Engaging with colleagues 7

More importantly, 71% of colleagues reported that they had noticed positive change in their respective participant. Examples given by colleagues:

General self awareness 8

‘Less critical of others, processes, or work.’ ‘Increase in positive outlook. This includes high stress situations when problems arise, and in more relaxed settings.’ This is a highly encouraging finding for the ALC. Previously, end-ofcourse questionnaires showed that students valued the courses, and we frequently received positive anecdotal feedback from students. However, students’ evaluations of course value were of questionable worth if we couldn’t show a post-course change. We can now

Communicating 9

Utilising feedback process 9 Understanding and considering others 15 Confidence 10

Staff Sergeant on a whitewater kayak ELDA2, Buller River. Photo: NZDF

4. Taking into account the fact that some people had left the Army or were deployed overseas during this period, the effective response rate for participants and colleagues were 83% and 71%, respectively. These high rates (achieved by multiple reminder e-mails and phone calls) mean that, at that time, the results should be relatively representative of ELDA participants as a whole.

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Critically, when we asked colleagues to describe the changes they had noticed, they described very similar things – the top two categories of improvement being ‘Understanding others’ and ‘More positive attitude’. We’ve found few existing studies which have investigated whether others notice changes in course participants, so it’s very encouraging to find here that not only are internal changes occurring for students, but they’re occurring at an observable level. While observable changes may not be important outcomes for all outdoor courses, their importance to the ALC is two-fold: 1. Corroborating observations by colleagues affirm the claims by students – that is, they help confirm that students aren’t just imagining changes; and 2. Observable changes affirm that ELDAs contribute to improved leadership – since leadership is not just an internal process. The kinds of changes that colleague noticed were in the ‘intrapersonal’ and ‘interpersonal’ domains of leadership, which are the focus of ALC courses. Are these results valid? The ALC recognises there are some possible limitations to this evaluation, but remains highly encouraged by the results.

military’ training. In the case of colleagues (some of whom were participants’ commanders) there is even less drive to make ELDA outcomes look better than they actually are, as ‘time on course’ is seen as ‘time not at work’. We’re pretty confident that the responses we’ve recorded are reasonably genuine. Overall, the ALC is pretty confident that our finding that 71% of colleagues noticed a positive change is a highly valuable outcome. The Army has decided that an outdoor experiential component to leadership development is important enough that ELDAs are now included in all significant promotion courses.

In the past it was not uncommon for a soldier to ask, ‘Why am I on a whitewater kayaking course? I’m an infantry officer, not a kayaker.’ Fair

Ŕ Firstly, perhaps some factor other than the ELDAs has caused the changes seen. Indeed, some participants and colleagues did recognise that other events (e.g. unit training or an influential role-model) might have contributed to the change seen, although generally, the ELDA was seen as the prime cause of the improvements noted.

enough.

Ŕ Secondly, it is likely that participants and colleagues were affected by affirmation bias (refer Box 3 for more detail) so our results may be somewhat inflated. Ŕ A third possibility is that students and colleagues are intentionally ‘talking up’ the course outcomes. The ALC is reasonably confident that this is not the case however, because the majority of soldiers initially see ELDAs as an unnecessary interruption to their ‘actual

This means that the ALC really needs to focus on ensuring that ELDAs do make a difference! This is where question C kicks in. We found that a greater degree of positive change tended to be reported by students who: Ŕ SFQPSUFE FYQFSJFODJOH HSFBUFS DIBMMFOHF during their course; Ŕ NPSF DMFBSMZ VOEFSTUPPE UIF SFMFWBODF PG their course to the workplace, during their course; and Ŕ SFQPSUFE UIBU UIFZ UIPVHIU NPSF GSFRVFOUMZ about their course learning, since the course.

So, we constantly focus on challenging students, whether through fear5 or frustration. While ensuring that there is enough activity to generate ‘data’, we make time for facilitation, because we recognise that the pursuit is only the vehicle for development. In addition, we’re trying out different ways to follow-up our courses, because we know that busy students need ongoing encouragement to complete the experiential learning cycle by ‘actively experimenting’ in the workplace.

CONCLUSION This case study has focused on a military population voluntarily participating in intensive courses specifically designed to enhance their workplace leadership in pressure situations, with targeted facilitation delivered by experienced instructors. In this context, we can say that: 1. Adult participants in leadership positions may well consider that they have changed for the better, four months after their course; and 2. Others who interact closely with those participants may well notice similar changes. To increase the extent of positive post-course changes in this context, I’ll hang my hat on the importance of challenging students, helping them make links to their ‘normal’ life, and reminding them to think about their learning when they return home from a course. Do these factors apply in other outdoor education contexts for personal development? I suspect the answer is yes. For copies of the full report of this evaluation, please contact Marylynne at the Army Leadership Centre nzalc@nzdf.mil.nz. Also keep an eye out for the academic papers to be published soon.

ELDA students approaching Waimakariri Col, Arthurs Pass National Park. Photo: Heather Rhodes

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5. Especially utilising perceived risks to our advantage, as student safety remains our number one priority.

COURSE DESCRIPTION ELDA1 courses are 6 days long, and utilize rock climbing, whitewater kayaking, mountaineering or ski touring. All courses start with a twohour introduction to set student expectations, generally half a day of travel, and sometimes include a brief introduction to the pursuit on this day. Four days of instruction in that pursuit then follow. The second and third days involve intense instructions to rapidly increase student skill. In the fourth and fifth days, instructors give students as much autonomy as possible (e.g. a group of 8 students ‘independently’ negotiating Grade 2 whitewater). The goal across all pursuits is to ensure that students are challenged every day. Periods of guided reflection and group discussions each day encourage students to assess their own performance with regard to motivation, confidence and skill, and facilitate the generation of personalized self-development strategies. On the last day of the course, students engage in a ‘self and peer’ feedback session, having prepared their feedback the night before. Students then reflect on the strategies they have used during the week, and on the feedback they receive, and identify two or three personal behaviours on which to focus in the workplace (a minimum of one weakness and one strength), with accompanying strategies to help change or affirm behaviours. This experiential progression of teaching and reflection is highly consistent across disciplines and between instructors.

ELDA2 courses are 12 days long and involve either whitewater kayaking or rock climbing. These courses are structured in a similar manner to the level 1 course, again aiming to challenge students every day. The longer time frame allows more complete skills training, and therefore, more instructor handover in the latter phases of the course. Additionally, the extra days allow the use of two tools to help students understand their workplace reputation: a 360° workplace feedback report, generated immediately prior to the course, and a ‘Hogan Personality Inventory’ (HPI)1. Unlike many personality scales, the HPI correlates more strongly with the respondent’s reputation than with their identity. 39 of the 50 participants in this study had attended an ELDA1 course, the remaining 11 having completed an ELDA2 instead (all students generally being sent on a course rather than choosing to go on one). Both courses have the goal of reducing discrepancies between participants’ identity and their reputation. Identity has been shown to be a poor predictor of leadership performance, whereas reputation necessarily has real-world implications2. Accordingly, courses are delivered from the premise that leaders will benefit from a clearer understanding of their current reputation. This allows participants to develop strategies which will enable them to harness character strengths and mitigate weaknesses. Note: ELDAs 1 and 2 are only two of the range of courses offered by the ALC. Our course outlines continue to change, and we are currently focusing on courses that include a personality assessment component. 1. www.winsborough.co.nz/?page=hogan 2. Hogan, R., Curphy, G. & Hogan, J. (1994). What we know about leadership. American Psychologist, 49, 493-504.

NZDF COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES ELDA1 Ŕ Control behaviour, decision-making and communication under stress Ŕ Control emotion and reasoning Ŕ Apply the psychology of peak performance ELDA2 Ŕ Control behaviour, decision-making and communication under stress Ŕ Use networks to influence people Ŕ Build trust and relationships

AFFIRMATION BIAS AND THE USE OF A CONTROL GROUP Affirmation bias is the tendency for humans to search for data that supports a point of view they already hold (which can get us into all sorts of trouble!). In this case, if students or their colleagues have a hunch that attendance on an ELDA is supposed to have resulted in improved workplace performance, they’ll unconsciously look for evidence that this has occurred. This means that the results we have presented here may paint a more positive picture of our course outcomes than is actually the case. The problem of affirmation bias could be avoided by demonstrating that a control group doesn’t show the same degree of improvement, if the control group members also expected their work performance would improve for some reason. A control group

also negates a number of other issues (for example, are the changes we’ve shown here any different to those claimed by any soldier over a period of roughly 6 months?). In short, a control group is a critical element of any well-designed study. We attempted to include a control group comprising soldiers who had attended workshop-based leadership development courses. We anticipated that these soldiers would also anticipate improved workplace and leadership performance, so any differences between the groups would indicate that the ELDA had contributed something extra. Unfortunately, there was a significantly lower response rate from this group so interpretation is difficult. However, the data suggests that while students on both courses (experiential and indoor workshop) claim positive behaviour changes, students on ELDAs claimed a somewhat greater extent of positive workplace outcomes, were more likely to perceive benefits to their non-work life, and their learning was more personal (as opposed to generic leadership learning from workshops).

Wilderness ELDA2, Browning/Raureka Pass,

KI Arthurs WAHO ISSUE 7 Heather PAGE 34 Pass area. Photo: Rhodes

Coasts of New Zealand c.1910 - Women climbers on West Coast glacier.

ATTITUDES TO THE OUTDOORS ON FILM The New Zealand Film Archive (NZFA) has a wonderful collection of films showing New Zealanders engaged in outdoor activities, along with government films promoting tourism messages. NZFA Curator Jane Paul shares these gems with us. The programme, shown at The Outdoors Forum 2012, was a compilation of eleven film and television items beginning with Coasts of New Zealand (1910). Handstencilled in colour, this beautiful film shows tourists travelling around New Zealand by boat, horse and trap, and on foot through bush walks and onto a glacier. Coasts of New Zealand c.1910 - Tourists travel by boat in Fiordland

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Another early film shows the first cycle race around Mount Taranaki in 1911- a distance of 104 miles. The winner was 19-year-old James Clark from Palmerston North, who completed the race in 6 hours, 17 minutes, 59 and 2/5 seconds. His prize was 50 pounds, the challenge cup and a new racing bicycle.

Cycle Race c.1911 - Proud winner with his new bicycle, just presented by man in suit.

Canterbury Mountaineering Club members c.1940. Nui Robins, centre, modifying car.

“The clutch kept slipping - everything kept slipping - then the whole outfit caught fire...” NUI ROBINS, FILM MAKER.

Canterbury Mountaineering Club members c.1940. Film maker Tainui Robins is second from right.

Arguably, the most entertaining film on the programme documents the exploits of Canterbury Mountaineering Club members between 1938-40. In Cars to Carrington, film maker Nui Robins, provides the recorded commentary. “In my youth we took three cars up the Waimakariri, from the Bealey Hotel up to Carrington Hut - 12 miles straight up the river bed. No road, no track, nothing. Our first attempt was in 1938 in a Ford we bought for five pounds. It had no registration and no brakes, so we had to sneak up in the dark so no one could see us... The clutch kept slipping - everything kept slipping - then the whole outfit caught fire and the hood got burnt off... So we took off sufficient parts to recover our five pound and then pushed it over the river bank”.

NZFA presentations rely on pianists to musically interpret the silent moving images. Susan Alexander has worked with NZFA regularly over the last twelve years and brings to each film show a new improvised composition to complement the images. All photos displayed are courtesy of The New Zealand Film Archive Stills Collection. If you would like to see this programme, or any other New Zealand film made from 1900 onwards, visit the NZFA. We have libraries of DVDs in Wellington and Auckland. There are also collections of NZFA material in 12 art galleries and libraries around the country. Visit our website for more details: www.filmarchive.org.nz

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Lunch under the trees c.1913.

LANDSCAPES FOR LEISURE: A SHORT HISTORY OF TRAMPING BEFORE AND AFTER WWII Kiwis have a rich history of tramping in the beautiful New Zealand wilderness, but did you know tramping was once thought of as a lowbrow hobby? Curator of History at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Kirstie Ross, digs into this little-known part of New Zealand history. A PACK OF ROUGHS? When Fred Vosseler, the captain of the Tararua Tramping Club, began organising the club’s summer trip to Mount Cook at the end of 1922, he took great care to present the club in a positive light to staff at the Hermitage hotel. Although members of the club were going to share rooms and were not paying full price, Vosseler told hotel staff that they had to treat them like regular guests, giving them access to all facilities. They might be trampers, and not well-heeled, but he stressed that they were ‘easy to manage, well disciplined and of refined and good taste. … not merely a pack of roughs’. Another manifestation of a prevailing hostility towards trampers occurred in 1933, in a virulent attack on tramping printed in a student publication. A letter to the editor warned readers not to take up tramping if PAGE 37

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they were searching for ‘purity, goodness and truth’ – things that trampers said were inherent in their sport. Instead, this critic maintained that tramping was ‘concentrated unrestricted bestiality …. entirely atavistic – a leap into the simian’. These are just two of many examples of public contempt expressed towards tramping. To bystanders 80 or 90 years ago, roughing-it in the wilderness was perverse and puzzling. The non-tramping public thought the new sport of tramping was, at best, a novelty, and, at worst, a ‘disreputable hobby’. Trampers were considered ‘queer cranks’, not far removed from swaggers and bush-men who spent too much time in the untamed bush away from civilised society. Besides, it seemed illogical to city folk that sane adults would choose the discomfort, hard work and danger of tramping when diversions like dances, movies and sunbathing were readily available.

VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

Such negative public attitudes indicated that tramping has not always had the popular cultural and social standing that it has today. They showed that in the past, tramping’s purpose was misunderstood, and its value disputed. The prejudice that Vosseler anticipated in 1922, and the venomous attack printed in 1933, were typical of the attitudes between the First and Second World Wars.

To bystanders 80 or 90 years ago, roughing-it in the wilderness was perverse and puzzling.

They introduce the theme of this article: that there is no such thing as a unified or stable understanding of outdoor recreation in New Zealand. The social value of outdoor leisure to New Zealanders is malleable and contested, and often very subjective or personal. To illustrate this I will look at the ambivalent reception of tramping in the 1920s and 30s, and will then show how this gave way to outdoor recreation’s growing social relevance and popularity in the 1950s and 60s.

BEFORE THE BIRTH OF TRAMPING CLUBS When the first tramping clubs formed, just after WWI, the function and value of organised social walking was hard for many to fathom. Why was this? Well, firstly, tramping as a form of recreation did not comply with established patterns of work and leisure. At this time, locals did not have a tradition of active outdoor recreation. For the very few who could afford it, mountaineering was an option while hunting, generally menonly, was as much an economic activity as a recreational one. Men played team sports in their spare time but picnicking was the most widely favoured form of mixed outdoor recreation. Picnics were family or community affairs that were not physically challenging. Even though they might include ‘sports’, they were really meant to be social events.

The government was more interested in promoting outdoor recreation to an international ‘leisured class’. These jaded globe trotters came to New Zealand to inhale fresh alpine air and to work up a sweat in the mountains, before retiring to well-appointed accommodation at the end of the day. Traditional, gentlemen’s outdoor sports such as hunting and fishing were advertised as attractions for these visitors. New Zealanders, on the other hand, were encouraged onto the land in order to bring it into production rather than to enjoy it at their leisure. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were also very few New Zealanders who had the time and means to enjoy the government’s deluxe tourist resorts. Even if they did, hard work was considered to be essential for the improvement of one’s character and idleness was treated with suspicion. The five-day, 40-hour working week did not exist and paid annual leave was rare. Even Easter, Christmas and the New Year were not standardised holidays. Sunday was the only regular day that men had off from work, and it was meant for quiet contemplation not energetic activity. Tramping also challenged existing moral codes and, by extension, social order. Victorian ideals of respectability and gentility

shaped early 20th century public behaviour and attitudes. Masculine ‘roughness’, a hangover from colonial times which was a feature of tramping, had become increasingly unwelcome in civil society. This made the sport highly questionable. And before WWI, tramping was not generally perceived as a way to maintain physical fitness, or as a solution to anxieties about the alleged physical degeneration of New Zealanders. Instead, this problem was being addressed through the provision of infant and maternal welfare and military training. A few teachers did lead their pupils on energetic rambles during nature study classes, but it was more usual for children to participate in regimented physical exercises, such as drill.

In the past, tramping’s purpose was misunderstood, and its value disputed.

Women trampers, Tararua Range: Arete Trip, combined clubs ascent of ISSUE Kapakapanui; 1932. KI WAHO 7 AprilPAGE

REASONS TO TAKE UP TRAMPING So why were there, by 1924, 12 tramping clubs in New Zealand with a combined membership of 893? Why did this small group of men and women – officially 582 men and 311 women – brave the public’s antagonism and indifference towards their recreation? What value did these early participants get from tramping that onlookers failed to see? To begin with, tramping clubs fitted into a spectrum of group activity and associational life that was an important part of Pakeha community life and middle-class culture—that is, although tramping was novel, the notion of forming a club to organise it wasn’t—and the sport wasn’t completely new either. Its emphasis on strenuous activity out of doors, for the sake of it, was also a defining feature of mountaineering. But unlike mountaineering, tramping was a year-round group activity usually done in short bursts, often in the weekends. This made it particularly appealing to young people with city jobs and limited free time. Although strong leadership was required on tramps, professional guides – commonplace in climbing – were unnecessary. This made the sport cheaper and reinforced trampers’ independence. There was also little need to buy specialist equipment, which also kept costs down for beginners.

Tent, Tararua Ranges.

for comment. Mixed-gender outings, the roughness of the sport and trampers’ disregard for appropriate dress, compromised women and defied Pakeha middle-class notions of respectability. Although it was seldom stated out loud, the idea of sexual misbehaviour on overnight tramps out of public view loomed large in the public imagination. For example, in 1933, the Hutt Valley club had to contend with a Truth newspaper exposé about ‘amorous couples’ and skimpy shorts worn by girls in the club. Press coverage of mountain accidents and lost trampers also fuelled negative public perceptions, reinforcing the idea that tramping was dangerous and its adherents reckless and irresponsible.

For many adherents,

tramping’s value came from its ability to

Trampers believed that their back-country experiences were healthy, civilised and civilising. Their reasons for tramping were morally and socially sound, and made sense in the context of increasing urbanisation and the growth of mass forms of commercial leisure. Club trampers used their overnight trips in the bush to moderate the effects of modern life. For many adherents, tramping’s value came from its ability to cancel out urban ills. It was the means of recreating a true, inner self sapped by work. One member of the Tararua Club declared that he went to the hills as respite from the intrusive and mechanised nature of modern living. He relished the freedom afforded by nature and wrote: ‘For days off the beaten track, dependent on what you carry, away from radios, telephones, trams, and landladies with the daily routine of work forgotten, you have a chance … to find yourself’.

cancel out urban ills.

Many trampers expounded Romantic antiurban philosophies. But it was the sport’s potential for ‘romance’ that undermined tramping’s social value and its status as a reputable sport. Single young women had enthusiastically joined the new tramping clubs and their presence on club trips was a magnet PAGE 39

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Trampers, on the other hand, confident of the personal and social benefits of their sport, found such attacks perplexing. They wondered: why would a young and open country such as New Zealand be so unreceptive to a sport that had such obvious benefits for the nation?

THE GOVERNMENT GETS INVOLVED Even governments through the 1920s and 30s were relatively impervious to tramping’s alleged benefits. Only at the height of the Depression did tramping briefly pique the interest of bureaucrats. The Railways Department was an enthusiastic advocate of train travel for tourists and day trippers, but did not organise the details of their leisure. However, in mid-1932,

in order to boost business, the department was directly involved in tramping by organising a series of gimmicky ‘Mystery Tramps’. These mass, commercialised tramps went against most club trampers’ scorn for mass culture. The vandalism committed by Mystery Trampers also threatened the club’s fragile public image, and their access to private land, which depended on clubs being seen as active stewards of the environment. Five years after the Mystery Train Tramp fad, the first Labour government became involved in another version of commercialised tramping. This came about through the passage of the Physical Welfare and Recreation Act in 1937. The resulting Branch was devoted to promoting national fitness but, because of a bureaucratic quirk, its staff found themselves managing the development of tramping routes for family and ‘Group Travel’ holidays. These initiatives were supposed to make the outdoors accessible and affordable for New Zealanders. At this time, the Tourist Department’s Milford Track cost £9 ($805) to walk whereas walking the tracks on the new scheme would cost only $335. According to radio publicity for the scheme, the huts on these routes would be ‘mediumly comfortable’ and an ‘easy day’s march apart’. This would make such trips and New Zealand’s spectacular scenery available to the inexperienced tramper, ‘who, while wanting no luxuries, likes a bit of comfort’. Ultimately, the Physical Welfare and Recreation Branch’s scheme was a well-meaning but badly-executed exercise in making the outdoors more accessible for leisure. Unfortunately, its administration fell into indifferent hands, with government officers more qualified and interested in promoting urban leisure than going bush. In the end, only two back country routes were completed with New Zealand’s involvement in WWII providing a convenient, face-saving excuse for the Branch to reduce its involvement in this shortlived venture.

THE OUTDOOR RECREATION EXPLOSION AFTER WORLD WAR TWO In May 1945, as war dragged on, one weary commentator had imagined that the ‘natural beauties and pleasant climate of the Dominion’ were calling out to ‘war tired people’. Official files reveal that the New Zealand government was listening, and thinking ahead to the role that outdoor recreation would play when peace came. The Second World War was a pivotal moment in the reappraisal of the social value of tramping and outdoor recreation. In fact, the relatively easy integration of outdoor leisure into a post-war vision of New Zealand suggests that its benefits had become widely recognised. The government’s blueprint for post-war life stressed the interconnection between labour and leisure. Politicians believed that time off to enjoy the outdoors would be a sign that life after

The Second World War was a pivotal moment in the reappraisal of the social value of tramping and outdoor recreation.

the war had returned to normal—this was expressed as citizens’ ‘right to be lazy’. Two weeks’ annual leave on full pay that was secured by legislation at the end of 1944 was an important means to exercising this right. To help give effect to this philosophy, national parks legislation was overhauled and passed in 1952. This move strengthened New Zealand’s national parks position within a picturepostcard vision of the country, in which its unrivalled scenery was the backdrop to a modern democracy with full employment, an enviable standard of living and a benevolent state that distributed resources for the good of the nation. The 1952 act consolidated existing ad hoc arrangements for park administration and created a national system of scenic, scientific and recreational assets. And, in the act, the parks were described as ‘principle playing areas’, a phrase that could be read as implicit approval of and support for outdoor recreation. Socio-economic conditions in the 1950s meant that the government was both willing and in a position to invest in and encourage outdoor recreation via a national park infrastructure. Outdoor recreation in the parks evolved into an acceptable option within the post-war repertoire of recreation, although precise details were left up to individuals. Between 1953 and 1960, the number of parks rose from four to nine, while facilities to encourage appropriate use were developed or upgraded. Pre-war ambivalence about the value and function of tramping and other forms of outdoor recreation gave way to practical concerns about access, as well as managing and controlling increased demand and participation. Simple changes, like the phenomenal increase in litter in parks, drove home to administrators that park usage and rates of participation in outdoor leisure were increasing.

Ascent of Waiopehu, 1927, Range from Levin-Foxton KI WAHO ISSUE 7 via Bannister. PAGE Road, first attempt to cross Tararuas

Early views, Tararuas c.1930.

But it was difficult to ascertain the exact numbers of people making use of the parks, although membership figures of pre-war outdoor recreation groups confirmed trends. These grew during the 1950s and 60s, rising at rates higher than the increase in population. In 1965, 12,000 fishing licenses were granted while the membership of the Federated Mountain Clubs stood at 17,000. At the same time, the Forest and Bird Protection Society and New Zealand Deerstalkers’ Association each had 7,000 members. Visitation numbers for national parks were collected from 1962. Over three years, there was a phenomenal, overall increase of more than 170%. With more visitors to parks, definitions of outdoor recreation became elastic. In 1965, when foresters and park administrators debated recreation in state forests, they also discussed how to cater to different types of forest and park users. Most agreed that more facilities and opportunities for activity on the peripheries of parks and forests were needed, especially for ‘mobile family groups’. Families were driving further for their recreation: war-time petrol rationing had ended in 1950 and with full employment car ownership had more than doubled between 1950 and 1960. Foresters and park administrators identified camping grounds with lodges for families, picnic sites, and nature walks for these types of visitors. Interpreted nature walks in national parks were first developed in 1960. They were meant to introduce large numbers of short-term visitors to parks, while also solving the perennial problem of casual vandalism. Administrators also suggested the development of ‘easy, low-level, tramping routes with ample huts and good tracks for use by family groups’, for ‘the very young and the not-so-young.’ The focus on family recreation in national parks, combined with improved park administration, helped to promote and redefine outdoor recreation as a safe and acceptable leisure activity for all New Zealanders. No doubt, Edmund Hilary’s conquest of Mount Everest in 1953 also helped to enhance the appeal and reputation of vigorous PAGE 41

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outdoor recreation. But it’s important to remember that in this period, affordable holiday accommodation was rare. The first motels were not built until the late 1950s, while government-run tourist hotels were still too expensive for average New Zealanders while boarding houses were considered unsuitable for families. It not surprising that with the baby boom well underway, families flocked to use family-friendly facilities in parks and camping grounds.

OUTDOOR RECREATION IN THE 2000s: KEEPING ITS VALUE CURRENT Today, New Zealand’s socio-economic and recreational situation is quite different from that of the mid-20th century. The Treaty of Waitangi has legal, political and cultural force, and the country’s population is more diverse. Now, millions of overseas tourists occupy New Zealand’s landscape for leisure each year. In 1956, New Zealand’s population was 2.1 million; at the end of the 20th century around that number of overseas tourists visited the country. Many of them come here to participate in active outdoor recreation – to ‘use nature as a trampoline. Tramping, especially the Department of Conservation’s Great Walks, is one such activity that appeals to these outdoors-loving tourists. But tramping didn’t begin as a ready-made, fully-formed tourist activity. Its value evolved over several decades (and continues to evolve today). It is a negotiated practice that is the outcome of several historical processes and conditions. Established between the First and Second World Wars, it was not until the 1940s and 50s that the social and national value of tramping and outdoor recreation was more widely acknowledged and taken into account by bureaucrats and policy makers. Over time, these two phases in outdoor recreation have blurred into an unproblematic popular national ‘tradition’ of adventurous ‘outdoorsiness’ and recreation.

Now, millions of overseas tourists occupy New Zealand’s landscape for leisure each year. This ‘tradition’ obviously has current cultural and commercial purchase and attracts many visitors to New Zealand. However, this tradition of outdoor recreation should not be invoked when promoting the value of outdoor recreation for today’s New Zealanders, or for a New Zealand that has changed dramatically since the 1970s and 80s. For example, New Zealand workers may now have more annual leave, but some have to work weekends and statutory holidays. International travel is more accessible – and so is credit. There have also been revolutionary changes to how we define ‘family’, some of which have experienced poverty and unemployment across generations. We live virtual, urban lives and are more likely to experience nature on a television documentary than to visit it in person. What is the value of the outdoors to New Zealanders and New Zealand society in

2012, and how accessible is it, under these contemporary conditions? How meaningful is a tradition of tramping for today’s society? Ultimately, it is important for those who administer, promote or control outdoor recreation to keep in mind the historical and dynamic nature of outdoor recreation. To ignore this may create a barrier to determining the social value of the outdoors that is relevant to and useful for today’s New Zealanders. This article is based on a presentation given at the Outdoors New Zealand Forum ‘What is the value of the outdoors to our society?’ 12-13 October 2012.

All photographs taken by Leslie Adkin and gifted to Te Papa by the Leslie George Adkin family estate, 1964.

SELECTED FURTHER READING Kate Hunter, Hunting: A New Zealand History, Random House, Auckland, 2009 Pip Lynch, Camping in the Curriculum: A History of Outdoor Recreation in New Zealand Schools, PML Publications, Lincoln, 2006. Chris Maclean, Tararua: The Story of a Mountain Range, Whitcombe Press, Wellington, 1994. Margaret McClure, The Wonder Country: Making New Zealand Tourism, Auckland University Press, Auckland, 2004. New Zealand Journal of Forestry, volume 10, no. 2, 1965, pp. 155-220 – articles from a symposium held in May 1965 – ‘Recreational Use of Forests’. New Zealand Official Yearbook 1990, Government Printer, Wellington, 1990. Kirstie Ross, Going Bush: New Zealanders and Nature in the Twentieth Century, Auckland University Press, Auckland, 2008.

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OUTDOOR ACCESS – IT’S IN OUR DNA Access to New Zealand’s beautiful landscapes is what the CE of the New Zealand Walking Access Commission Mark Neeson wants for every Kiwi. As somebody who has spent a lot of time tramping, climbing and skiing, I’ve always been thankful that ready access to the outdoors is part of the Kiwi way of life. Without access, our stunning mountains, lakes, rivers, forests and beaches would be nothing more than beautiful backdrops. We wouldn’t be able to enjoy many of the recreational opportunities that we do today. So when I was invited to speak at The Outdoors Forum in Wellington last month on the topic of outdoor access and the New Zealand way of life, I jumped at the opportunity. In my job as Chief Executive of the New Zealand Walking Access Commission, I deal with access-related issues every day, and there are few things I am more passionate about. The notion of free access to the outdoors has steadily embedded itself into the Kiwi psyche ever since Queen Victoria directed Governor Hobson, on 5 December 1840, to set aside land for public use and recreation. Her Majesty’s instructions laid the foundation for the network of publicly accessible reserve land alongside waterways that is now popularly referred to as the Queen’s Chain.

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VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

While the Queen’s Chain is a colloquial term rather than a legal concept—and the network of reserve land has many gaps in it,—it is a principle that has helped embed access into popular thinking.

But it’s not something we can take for granted. Every generation is different and there’s no guarantee that the values instilled in us will be passed on, effortlessly, to the next generation.

For settlers, the islands of New Zealand at the bottom of the world created an opportunity to create an egalitarian society free of class constraints, where the outdoors was a place to be enjoyed by all, rather than the select few.

One of the New Zealand Walking Access Commission’s core objectives is to keep this access culture and heritage alive in young New Zealanders.

Kiwi icons like Sir Edmund Hillary and Barry Crump have helped reinforce this outdoors identify by creating the notion of ‘the good keen man’ who is happy to ‘give it a go’. This concept remains a source of pride for many New Zealanders and something many outdoors-types still aspire to.

The notion of free access to the outdoors has steadily embedded itself into the Kiwi psyche ever since Queen Victoria directed Governor Hobson to set aside land for public use and recreation.

We have produced the New Zealand Outdoor Access Code to increase understanding of the value of access and how to behave responsibly in the outdoors. The Code plays an important role in helping New Zealanders to understand rural life and behaviours that were once second nature to anybody going into the outdoors. It also helps to re-connect urban and rural New Zealand, thereby maintaining trust between those who want to access the outdoors and the managers of land, particularly private landholders. The messages in the Code have been simplified for schools, through our new Both Sides of the Fence education website. This website, online at www.bothsidesofthefence.org.nz, includes a series of engaging access-related scenarios for primary and intermediate school children and their teachers. The other major objective of the Commission is to maintain and enhance opportunities for people to access the outdoors. We do this by working with landholders and recreational groups on the ground to facilitate new access, and by providing information about where existing access is.

The Commission’s Walking Access Mapping System, online at www.wams.org.nz, shows where publicly accessible land is across New Zealand using topographical and aerial maps. It’s a free and increasingly popular resource and we have recently enhanced it by improving the interface and developing a mobile-friendly version that works on tablets and smartphones. We have also created a Partner Information Portal that allows thirdparty organisations to upload and administer their own outdoor information on the mapping system for all to see. This Partner Information Portal has the potential to provide a treasure-trove of new information to mapping system users, and benefits the providers of the information by allowing them to make their information readily available to the public, with links back to their own websites to drive traffic. I would encourage anybody interested in making their information available on the website to contact the Commission to discuss it. Knowledge of where publicly accessible land is helps New Zealanders and overseas visitors make the most of the outdoors. Not only does this knowledge provide opportunities for recreation and enjoyment, but it also results in health benefits, economic benefits in the form of tourism, and potential environmental benefits if people gain a greater appreciation of the outdoors. The ultimate objective is to build strong and sustainable relationships between rural and urban New Zealand based on mutual trust and respect.

Every generation is different and there’s no guarantee that the values instilled in us will be passed on, effortlessly, to the next generation. Photo: Pete Monk

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WHAT’S THE POINT OF OUTDOOR EDUCATION IF YOU DON’T WANT TO BE A GUIDE? There are great things happening with Outdoor Adventure Education (OAE) programmes, but they have recently been under some academic critique. Outward Bound New Zealand Training Manager Jon Lasenby explores some of these critiques and asks if they really look at the bigger picture.

VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

This presentation at the recent Outdoors Forum 2012 was an attempt to respond to some academic critiques of Outdoor Adventure Education (OAE) programmes. As managers of Outward Bound New Zealand, we felt that our method of shaping courses to allow people to have developmental experiences in the outdoors had been called into question, and that a wide range of other organisations working hard to help people achieve growth and learning might be feeling undermined.

WHAT?

In this article, I will briefly outline some of the challenges that have been made in academic papers here and in Australia in recent years, before describing some of the ways that we, as an organisation, are responding to these. I will finish by calling for input from across our sector to work on the remaining challenges together.

The basic idea of our programmes is to give people a sense of their full potential by having them succeed, or at least endure, in unfamiliar and challenging settings.

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At Outward Bound we run courses from 4 to 21 days with students from age 13 into their 80s. The programme simply involves a variety of physical, mental and social challenges presented through a variety of adventure-based outdoor mediums. The sea, bush, rivers and local surrounds provide us with places and spaces to provide a real outdoor experience involving risk, challenge and adventure.

We have long maintained in our industry that the experiences we provide our students, and the opportunity to reflect on these, provides learning that can be transferred to other facets of the students’ lives.

Two of the Outward Bound Cutters gullwinging.

Outward Bound students take the plunge.

CHALLENGES: I summarise the challenges made in several in-depth, cogent articles as follows: Personal development programmes are just “character building” under a new name. Andrew Brookes makes this point about programmes that expect their clients to change behavior traits as a result of their experiences during a short course. He argues that behavior traits are actually very stable (they don’t change much) and that an outdoor education programme is always short in relation to the rest of the client’s life. Brookes cites evidence that people’s behaviours are more likely to be determined by the situations they are in than their beliefs, or how they have behaved before.

with them, especially where ‘home’ does not support, or even threatens the new learning, or new behaviour. OAE is good at creating short-term change, but this does not mean it is going to last. The suggestion here is that the changes that providers of outdoor education see in their clients during the course, or at the end of a course, are not likely to last long once the students return home. Different rules and norms may operate in a student’s home

We have long maintained in our industry that the experiences we provide our students... provide learning that can be transferred to other facets of the students’ lives.

OAE does not achieve personal development because transfer of learning is unrealistic. This category covers a number of different arguments. The difference between hanging from a rock face by a thin rope, or kayaking down a rapid in a client’s home environment is too great; the active ingredients of an outdoor education programme may not be the activities, but the workshops that are fitted around them; taking people out of their home communities to learn makes it harder for them to take their learning home

community, and they don’t have the support of their group, or the culture of the outdoor programme to help them stay on track. Most of the challenges above are supported by the lack of hard evidence that personal growth has been caused by the interventions made during an outdoor education programme, and academics have tended to set the bar very high in terms of what this research evidence should look like in order to have credibility. An example

of the bar being set high, is the suggestion that a clients own report of how they have changed their behavior is not valid. Instead, they propose that any change must be observed by a third party.

SO WHAT? The great thing about being challenged in this way is that it makes us check what we are doing and the thinking behind it. That process helps us to keep our course relevant and up-to-date. Most people who work in outdoor education for a while will recognise some truth in the challenges I have outlined above. How we respond to them, without throwing the baby out with the bathwater, is the tricky bit! I want to describe some of the ways we run our programmes at Outward Bound Anakiwa to take account of the challenges above, whilst hanging on to the best of our heritage of adventure. Transfer is a Process not an Outcome. Research by Foxon in 1994, made the point that transfer of learning is not something that is black and white,—either occurring or not occurring,—but that there are a number of factors that make it more or less likely to occur. This helps us, because it allows us to recognise that it can be tough for clients to take their learning home, and it gives us some ideas of things we can do to make this easier, and more likely. Some of the things that we do are: Ŕ Teach skills that are useful. Life skills - like coping with frustration, looking after your mates, being able to talk calmly when you are upset, accepting that things don’t KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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always go your way, getting better at listening to other people - are so obviously useful to our students that they want to take their learning home.

Outward Bounds students from Kupe Watch 568.

Ŕ Aiming for the same learning to come out of several, or many different parts of a course, so that students get to groove a skill or way of behaving before the course is over. Ŕ Using goal setting and action planning to help participants to look ahead and plan for how they will incorporate their new knowledge or behaviours into their lives back home, including how they will work around people who may be hostile to the changes they want to make. Ŕ On some programmes, students set up peer support before they leave. Whether in person or electronically, people who were there at the time can be great supporters once a student goes home. Ŕ Many of our students come from organisations, communities or families which actively support and embrace the philosophy of Outward Bound. This helps reinforce the learning outcome after the course has finished. If a parent and child come on a course together, or if 10 people from St John's or LANDSAR come on a course at the same time, the learning from the course already has some basis in the ‘community’ the student comes from.

LEARNING JOURNEYS What this notion of transfer being a process, not an outcome, also underlines the fact that learning can take a while. We might be better off to think of ‘learning journeys’, than ‘learning moments’. A part of any learning journey is taking it into your real/normal life and trying it out, stuffing it up a few times, then eventually getting it sorted. We know intuitively, and from talking with our students, that the learning journey is really only started, or advanced a little, during the course that happens here. The rest of it happens ‘out there’, perhaps being refreshed by attendance on another course or another personal outdoor experience in a few months or years. One suggestion is that we stop talking about transfer and just focus on learning. I am still chewing this one over. Just ‘learning’ fits my idea of a journey, and with the notion that it is an ongoing process. But I like the fact that within our sector at least, the word ‘transfer’ stands for us accepting there are some challenges inherent in our learning process, and it keeps our minds on working to address those. (I also take time to unlearn habits that are 20 years old or more!)

We might be better off to think of ‘learning journeys’, than ‘learning moments’. TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING Kurt Hahn, the founder of Outward Bound, liked the French saying “plus est en vous” meaning “more is in you”. This phrase sums up the essence of transformative learning, which we see routinely occurring during an Outward Bound course. In transformative learning, students' preconceptions are challenged by a “disorienting dilemma”, and they must adjust their self-concept in response. In other words, Joe comes on a course believing that he doesn’t have much to contribute to a group. During the 8 or 21 days of his course, he hears again and again that actually, he is valued by his group for a number of specific reasons, and so he must adapt his view of himself in order to cope with what his experience has taught or shown him. Letters and e-mails from former students frequently describe doing things that they never would have thought possible before their course, and these seem to fit well into this bracket of transformative learning.

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One of Outward Bounds early students kayaking on the Rai River c.1960's.

WE ALL NEED A LITTLE SOUL FOOD On the one hand, taking people away from their communities to do personal development may make things harder, but one of the enduring truths about wild places, rivers, mountains, and the sea, is that people respond to these places in different ways to their own neighborhoods. While it is hard to put into words the spiritual benefits of spending time adventuring and travelling through the natural environment, we know that some students experience ‘moments’ where they feel above, beyond, or outside the normal boundaries of their lives, they connect with places, wildlife, and other people in different ways, they feel a sense of belonging, or being part of a bigger system, or they just feel closer to God.

of her life. On returning home, she is more energised and motivated to take an active role in her community, has a head and a heart full of powerful memories that she can use as reference points as she adjusts to new challenges and new responsibilities, and she has made friends with people during her course who can encourage and support her as she progresses on her learning journey. Kiwis use a variety of different experiences as rites of passage—from a summer with a shearing gang, to the big OE, drinking a yard at your 18th, or stealing a car. I propose that an outdoor adventure education programme is one of the most valuable things a person can do at any of the three or four periods of transition in life.

A part of any learning journey

These moments that feed a person’s soul are part of the stock-in-trade of a good outdoor adventure education programme and are part of the reason we should keep doing what we do.

is taking it into your real/ normal life and trying it out, stuffing it up a few times, then eventually getting it sorted.

BETTER FOR YOU THAN A YARD OF ALE There are three recognised stages to a rite of passage: separation, transition and re-incorporation. A student leaves South Auckland, travels for a day and a half to get to the Marlborough Sounds, and joins her 13 watchmates for a three-week adventure that helps her to transition to the next stage

NOW WHAT? While we are happy that there a lot of great things happening on our courses currently, we are also aware of several areas that we want to explore in the next few years to see if we can have more effect for more people. These include: Ŕ Improving the connection between our courses and students’ home communities

Ŕ Better integration with the objectives and expectations of other organisations doing similar things and vice versa Ŕ Trying to make it easier for students to support each other after their course Ŕ Looking at how we, as the provider of the programme, can stay in touch with students after they graduate to help them to apply their learning in new environments At the Outdoors New Zealand conference I asked those in the room to join us in meeting these challenges. The issues that our students face when they go home are no different from those of many other programmes of OAE around the country, and we are all at different places along the road to meeting these challenges. I look forward to building relationships around the country that allow us as a sector of the NZ outdoor industry to keep getting better at meeting the evolving needs of our students. Jon Lasenby: jlasenby@outwardbound.co.nz

REFERENCES: Brookes, A. 'A critique of neo-Hahnian outdoor education theory. Part one: Challenges to the concept of character building'. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning 3(1) (2003): 49-62. Brown, M. 'Transfer: Outdoor adventure education’s Achille’s heel? Changing participation as a viable option'. Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 14 (1) (2010): 13-22. Foxon, M. 'A process approach to the transfer of training. Part 2: Using action planning to facilitate the transfer of training'. Australian Journal of Educational Technology 10 (1) (1994).

WAHO ISSUE 7 the RaiPAGE Student, from KI BETA, the building ITO on Falls.

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Tramping on the summit of Avalanche Peak , Arthurs Pass National Park. Photo: Nathan Watson

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GETTING MORE PEOPLE INTO THE OUTDOORS NOT AS EASY AS YOU’D THINK. Mike Edginton, manager of partnerships historic and vistor management at the Department of Conservation (DOC), writes about the challenges the Department faces in achieving its goals of getting more people participating in recreation. DOC WANTS MORE PEOPLE TO ENJOY OUR GREAT OUTDOORS One of the key goals of DOC is to get more people to participate in outdoor recreation. There are several drivers for this. From an economic perspective, we know that domestic and international tourism is a major source of jobs and incomes for many New Zealanders. If we can get more people visiting public conservation lands and waters, this creates business opportunities and prosperity. From a conservation perspective, we know that if people visit a place and understand the historic and natural heritage of that place, they are more likely to value it and support its protection. We need more people to actively support and undertake conservation work than we have now.

Photo: Pete Monk

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VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

that only 77% of New Zealanders are aware that DOC provides recreation services. This means that nearly one million New Zealanders are potentially unaware of the recreational opportunities on public conservation land and waters. When you break the figures down, the challenge becomes more stark. Only 49% of those aged under 25 are aware of the fact that DOC provides recreation services, as are 48% of New Zealanders of Pacific Island descent. Maori (69%), Asian (62%) and “Other” (63%) ethnicities—which are also lower than the average. Naturally, participation is lower (again) than the awareness. In 20011/12, 56% of New Zealanders visited at least one DOC site and 26% visited at least one National Park. However, there are significant differences in participation between regions.

Lastly, from a public health perspective, outdoor recreation has obvious benefits for people in terms of fitness and mental wellbeing.

For instance, in Nelson/Marlborough and the West Coast, around 74% of people had visited at least one DOC site, whereas in Auckland and the Bay of Plenty, it was down around 53%.

BUT ACHIEVING THIS GOAL IS A CHALLENGE

These figures point to the proximity of opportunities as being important, and also to competition as being something DOC needs to think about. I’ll return to this later in the article, but it is worth briefly looking at demographics because that is going to make the challenge even harder for DOC.

If you work with people interested in the great outdoors, it is easy to overestimate how many people are interested in outdoor recreation. Interestingly, our surveys show

DEMOGRAPHICALLY SPEAKING, THINGS ARE NOT IN OUR FAVOUR 1 The low level of involvement and awareness in the upper North Island is a significant challenge for DOC. The population is concentrated in the north of the North Island. The majority - 62% - of the population growth between 2006 and 2031 will occur in Auckland, by which time will account for 38% of New Zealand’s population. Currently, it accounts for one third. Manukau City will have a higher population than Christchurch within the next few years. Further challenges arise as the New Zealand population is getting older and more ethnically diverse. Children accounted for one third of the population in the 1960s. In 2006 they accounted for 21% and this is projected to decrease to 14% in 2061. The ‘Asian’ segment of the population is experiencing the largest growth. It is projected to increase from 7% in 2006 to 15% in 2021. This will occur through migration.

Most of the Asian population resides in Auckland.

DOC THEREFORE NEEDS TO BE FOCUSED ON RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION From what we see through our surveys and analysis of the demographic trends, DOC won’t achieve its goal of getting more people to participate in outdoor recreation by continuing on the same course. We need to put a particular, deliberate focus on recruitment and retention. Recruitment means attracting the next generation. We have a small but solid cohort of people who are passionate about outdoor recreation but we need to grow this. The key issue is how to give people their first experience of public conservation land, and to ensure it is one that they want to come back to (and one they will share with family and friends).

If we look at retention, we need to ask whether there are things we can do to keep people visiting conservation land and waters. Will the baby boomers still want the facilities they enjoyed when they were younger? Do we need to consider tracks that are more accessible to mobility aids? Focusing on recruitment and retention as the way to drive increased participation means that we have to think quite differently about our business. It is no longer sufficient for DOC staff to just be asset managers focused on the supply of facilities. Rather, we need to be thinking about the demand for these facilities, and the experiences that we can wrap around a visit, rather than just providing a hut. This will drive a changed approach to our business, but it will also require a different looking network of visitor facilities. It is worth looking at the factors which point to change being necessary.

1 Quoted data according to projection series 5.

WE HAVE A POTENTIAL MISALIGNMENT BETWEEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND

Domestic and international tourism flows are also based around the main centres.

As we’ve already seen, there seems to be a correlation between proximity of conservation land and use of conservation land (so Nelson-Marlborough has higher use than Auckland).

This isn’t reflected in our asset base, which is a legacy of ad hoc, opportunistic investment that wasn’t necessarily put in for recreation.

It also appears that competition is an important factor, for instance participation is highest in small towns where there are fewer competing sports and recreation activities. This is intuitive, where there are a range of competing opportunities it is more challenging to get people to take that first trip to public conservation lands. Now proximity and competition present challenges for DOC where the land we administer is predominantly located away from the population, as illustrated by Figure 1: Figure 1: DOC sites compared to population distribution

When we put visitor flows together with our current investment patterns we know that the majority of New Zealanders reside in the North Island and take holidays close to home but our expenditure is split 45% in the North Island and 55% in the South Island. People confident in accessing the back country are well catered for in most parts of the country, and this will always be an important part of our work. But we need to get better at providing places where people can get to for an easy introduction to the great outdoors.

ACHIEVING OUR GOAL WILL REQUIRE US TO WORK IN A DIFFERENT WAY Because our visitor infrastructure has a long life, any investments we make today need to be made with regards to what visitors may want in 50 or 80 years’ time. Given this, and given the need to focus on giving people an experience they will want to come back for more of, rather than being content to just provide a hut, building more of what we’ve got now may not be a smart strategy.

Median Line

The Department would be negligent if it just remained supply driven and ignored the demand for our facilities. By focusing on what people want, and tailoring our products and services, we can have an impact on participation rates.

Population Concentrations DOC Managed Lands

It is worth keeping in mind that the network is long-lived and the discretionary funding to alter it is small. It is also a dynamic network that is constantly changing through planned and unplanned events. Therefore, change will be incremental and slow. However, we do need to make this constant change deliberate rather than ad hoc. In short, we should be doing this with a plan in mind. KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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GOVERNANCE, LEADERSHIP AND STRATEGY IN THE OUTDOOR SECTOR - ACHIEVE YOUR ORGANISATIONAL POTENTIAL Peter Cammell’s working career has exposed him to many aspects of governance and business in the ‘for profit’, ‘not for profit’ and ‘local authority’ sectors of the economy. Here he explains how your outdoor organisation can achieve its potential.

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE All organisations exist for a purpose and involve customer interactions. It is usual to segment customers as both internal (staff and volunteers) and external (members and paying customers). Governors are also known as trustees, directors and in some organisations are the ‘committee’. If an organisation wants to achieve its potential, it needs a robust plan, often referred to as the strategic plan. The board is responsible for this. The process involves making choices about what opportunities to pursue and how to get there with the limited resources available. The board will then monitor achievement of the plan’s objectives. Organisations face risks that directors monitor, for example, organisational survival, cash-flow, health and safety, employment and financial legislation. To successfully implement the plan, an organisation needs workers, so the employment and management of the CEO is an important task. Policies guide what employees can and cannot do, for example, spending money and making public statements. Each organisation needs a leader, and that is the Chair or President. This role is crucial as the Chair is the main interface between the board and management. The demands on the Chair can be high. For example, when the NZ Alpine Club, of which I was President, had a fatality on an instruction course, the ‘buck PAGE 53

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stopped’ with me. I made the investigation, implementation of changes and successful resolution of the coroner’s inquest my priority. This took two years. Governance and directing is a huge job. A competent director requires skills, passion, commitment and time. This is significant, as the norm in the outdoor industry is for directors to be volunteers, in addition to full-time work. During any one year a board will often be faced with issues that are unexpected. A director is the responsible person, in an organisation, therefore it is prudent to ensure adequate controls minimise the impact of critical events. For example, how the director would deal with a fatality or serious-harm accident, or how they would manage future cash requirements, employee issues, succession, key persons leaving, complaints, or not meeting performance targets.

OUTDOOR INDUSTRY STRUCTURE The outdoor industry provides customers with educational and recreational opportunities and ‘pay to play’ activities. It can be divided into three segments: Ŕ

Influencers: policy, regulation and funding

Service: Outdoors NZ, Mountain Safety Councils, New Zealand Outdoors Instructor Asscoiation, Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment etc

Suppliers: company, trusts, individuals

The outdoor sector has a mix of ‘for-profit’ and ‘not-for-profit’ organisations. It has good people doing their best with what they know. Generally, there is fear of change, duplication of services, patch protection, strong personalities and often limited director engagement. Ongoing fatalities and near misses have forced the introduction of targeted health and safety legislation. There is inertia, because it is ‘darn hard work’ implementing change, especially as a volunteer. This is often because of the management and governance dynamic, and time required. It is often said that good decisions result from good information. I believe the sector does not have enough good information. The reality of this industry is that it is generally low waged and poorly capitalised. The workforce is passionate about the outdoors and committed to making a positive contribution to society rather than making money. Governance either does not formally exist or the roles are filled by volunteers, who often have limited time, skills and competence. Organisations often have significant fixed expenses such as paid administrators and rent obligations, yet survival depends on discretionary external grants, such as Sport NZ, taxpayers or lottery funding. The consequence of this is that organisations are stressed. Situations force directors to cross the line into management when external risks are high, or through poor understanding of respective roles. I have found that in not-for-profit organisations, there is often the need to wear many ‘hats’; that of director, manager and worker. This can be a challenge. Often directors ‘don’t know what they don’t know’ because they have not had the training required to be a competent director. Having said that, outdoor instructors can be very good directors because the skills are transferable to business, such as risk management, setting goals and managing progressions.

IMPROVING ORGANISATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS Although Sport NZ continues to invest in governance capability, there are opportunities to improve organisational effectiveness. I believe policymakers and funding organisations should provide leadership and invest in both financial and non-financial capability. For example, best practice governance processes should choose directors with passion, knowledge and skills, time, energy and a bias towards action. Effective leadership would recognise that the industry must do better. For example, although I am a qualified instructor, I am also a parent. Along with many of my peers, when our children undertake supervised outdoor activities, our confidence is deeply affected by memories of the Mangatapopo tragedy.

The outdoor industry is unique and universally accepted as vitally important for New Zealanders. It is unique because of the risk-reward matrix. Customers want great service and experiences for little cost, yet it is expensive to implement zero-harm safety management processes based on ‘duty of care’ and ‘all practicable steps’ aspects of health and safety legislation. If the outdoor sector is to move up the value chain and stand on its own two feet, people with governance skills, time, and experience from both within and beyond the sector, are needed. I believe funders should create incentives that are attractive to directors, and allocate specific capability funding that includes governance as well as administration and programmes capability funding. When I look at the outdoor sector, all I see is potential. To achieve potential, success starts and finishes with competent directors using ‘best practice’ governance processes.

Cross-departmental collaboration could lead to a plan designed for the industry’s success. It should be customer-focused on participation, safety, satisfaction and foster lifelong involvement. It should secure access to play and embrace ‘fit for purpose’ standards of competence delivered by a competent volunteer and professional workforce.

If an organisation wants to achieve its potential, it needs a robust plan, often referred to as the strategic plan.

after leaving icefall for last time c.2012. KIPete WAHO ISSUE 7 PAGE 54

MAINTAINING BUSINESS RESILIENCE IN A NATURAL DISASTER Natural disasters can hit at any time or any place. Wellington Regional Emergency Management Office (WREMO) Community Resilience Advisor Peter Walker explains how to get prepared and how the outdoor sector naturally has skills to help the community when disaster strikes. With the Canterbury earthquakes as a backdrop for lessons learned, here are three key areas for you to think about: Ŕ How well would your business cope in the early stages of a disaster? Ŕ What were some of the lessons learned from the Canterbury earthquakes?

Whether you are working as individuals or you come together as a work group to offer help and support during and after a disaster, you will all have a role to play. My call to action is to put good systems in place so you have a culture in your work place of emergency planning. This should incude some basic business continuity planning, which will then allow you to respond in the best possible way in a disaster.

Ŕ The importance of emergency planning for you. Of course, these areas are not specific for the outdoor sector, but most lessons from Canterbury apply across all businesses. Highlighting these points and encouraging you to apply what has been learnt from Canterbury into your ‘business as normal’ operations can be beneficial. You can read more about this in the information box on the next page. What’s quite fitting for your industry is the value that the outdoor community has during and after a disaster. Do not underestimate the skills you have and what they mean to the wider community. These skills include the ones you use every day: leadership, risk assessment, communication, organisation and stamina to name a few.

Good preparation all starts at home! Make sure you have emergency water and essential supplies for your household and have an emergency plan that all your family know about. The more communities are prepared, the bigger the chance of survival. This is a great reason to make sure we have the right plans in place. For more details on getting prepared contact your local council or go to www.getprepared.co.nz

What’s quite fitting for your industry is the value that the outdoor community has during and after a disaster.

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HOW WELL WOULD YOUR BUSINESS COPE IN THE EARLY STAGES OF A DISASTER?

WHAT ARE SOME OF THE LESSONS TO BE LEARNED FROM THE CANTERBURY EARTHQUAKES?

Ŕ Shock, panic and worry about safety of others

Ŕ Businesses that had emergency plans were grateful for them and most worked well

Ŕ Staff, clients and own family Ŕ Not knowing what has happened and what sort of area has been affected Ŕ Lack of communication with the outside world Ŕ Lack of access to medical support and transport

Ŕ Some business emergency plans were limited and didn’t provide enough details, such as: -

contact lists offsite options location of utilities

Ŕ Lack of essential services – power and water Ŕ Stress and well-being of staff after the first 12 hours

THE IMPORTANCE OF EMERGENCY PLANNING

ESSENTIAL SURVIVAL ITEMS

Ŕ Have several communication options:

Ŕ Non-perishable food

so you can receive information and pass it on so you can connect with staff and support services

Ŕ Have the ability to use sites outside of your current area for maintaining business enquiries and answering questions Ŕ Think about the impact on staff

Ŕ Enough water for three days

Ŕ Torch and radio Ŕ First aid kit Ŕ Toilet supplies Ŕ Baby supplies Ŕ Pet supplies

Do not underestimate the skills you have and what they mean to the wider community.

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REDISCOVERING ‘MAORI’ IN OUTDOOR EDUCATION

VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

A consulting job for the government lead Ihirangi Heke on a path to rediscovering elements of whakapapa previously forgotten. Here he explains how this knowledge could be used to enhance the experiences of those engaging with the outdoors. When Rangi and Papa separated, three brothers were left in the dark- Whiro, Rangahua and Peketua. Whiro, the atua or god representing death, evil and disease, warned his brothers not to leave the darkness, “If you do, I’m going to run after you and scalp you.” The two brothers laughed at him and ran off. “Catch us if you can!” they taunted. Whiro caught Rangahua and indeed scalped him. This is the Māori legend of how bald people came about. What’s more fascinating is that Rangahua and Peketua are also the atua of rocks, pebbles and stones. You can see the connection between bald heads and the way stones and pebbles usually have smooth surfaces. This piece of whakapapa is only one of many examples I’ve found recently through research, which is looking more like an inspired treasure trail. The reason I’ve found them is because I’ve been contracted by the Ministry of Education to re-write the physical education curriculum for all wharekura Māori schools - nationally. I wouldn’t have this research if I hadn’t previously been working with Ngāti Porou in re-introducing pre-European Māori games, of which current research by Harko Brown suggest as many as 300 have been rediscovered. Questions started to come through from this research, for example, ‘Where have they all been?’ This steered me towards another research direction, ie, what’s the whakapapa of all physical activity for Māori upon arrival to Aotearoa - why did we engage with it in such a comprehensive manner and what types of training were we doing? This has been my research for the last 18 months. For wharekura, this meant finding the answers to these questions—discovering where we’ve been and what we’ve been doing. I knew that atua are gods of different domains and control environments or PAGE 57

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personify environments but had not looked closely enough at the differences between personification and guardianship. For example, Tangaroa- the god of the oceanpersonifies the ocean, but is not the guardian of the ocean or the things in it. Those roles are controlled by atua such as Kiwa (Hence the Maori name for the Pacific - Te Moananui a Kiwa), Kaukau, Rongo-mai-tu-waho, Mauhi and Tiwhanui. I didn’t know that and most still don’t - including a large number of Māori. This was all new to me. I’m finding out new things everyday. All this has potential application for the outdoors. Even though it’s physical activity that I’m looking at, this has got some application for how we can now look at those environments with a different lens. We’ve never had Māori content running alongside what we know about the outdoors.

Through my research I’ve been finding out exactly who Tāne slept with in order for a specific tree to be born. Now we know the whakapapa of “who”, so I can name the mother of the tōtara tree, the mother of the rimu, the mother of the matai. All of this knowledge is there for us.

Another example, pre-European Māori has a connection with Tāne and figured out the gender of trees as a social construct. They determined which trees were female or male depending on the type of bark they had, who they lived next to, what their leaves did and what happened when the wind moved them. Sex is a scientific construct but gender

Another story is the ocean and the connection with the ocean. This is one of the stories around Tangaroa and three of his children Poutu, Ikatere and Punga. Poutu is the whakapapa line that some iwi believe carvings came from; Punga is where lizards come from; and Ikatere is the origin of all fish life. An atua with a similar name is Te Ikaroa who is the guardian of the Milky Way, also known as Mangoroa. Keep in mind that there are a lot of variations around this depending on the different iwi. You can read the story of where some sea creatures came from in the box. Children love this story. It also makes this environment so much more attractive having this kōrero running alongside sea activities and being able to tell these stories.

We haven’t known anything about this for a long time. In your capacity as outdoor instructors or those of you who provide development through adventure, wouldn’t it be great to be able to provide this knowledge alongside what you already do? Not only for people who come to you nationally, but internationally as well. If you’re coming to this place from another country and someone tells you the gender of a tree, that would just blow your mind.

If you’re coming to this place from another country and

someone tells you the gender of a tree, that would just blow your mind. is socially constructed and now it would seem, constructed out in the bush. When I’m walking around I think to myself, “Is that a male, or is that a female tree?”

APPLICATION Oh behalf of the Ministry of Education, the Auckland District Health Board gave a group of us funding to build mountain bike tracks. What we’re doing is building the mountain bike track based around whakapapa connecting to the atua and kaitiaki - guardianship - of a specific section of a track. We’re building the track to reflect the characteristics or personality traits of that atua or of that kaitiaki. For example, one of the kaitiaki of the area around Kaikohe is the wheke or octopus, so we’re building a pump track that starts from one point and splits into a number of different track options. Each one of those options has a different characteristic about how it is built, which incidentally lines up with the characteristics of the wheke. One of their legs was used for power, one of them was used for negotiation, one of their legs was used as a barrier for stopping people coming into their harbour- a whole range of different things. We’re building our trail to reflect that. The result is Māori knowledge remains as the paramount process with physical activity, via mountain biking, as incidental outcomes. This is only the first initiative of how we’re tying in whakapapa, kōrero and incidental physical activity.

What occurred to me, for people in the outdoors community, is that this would be great information to pass on. I went and saw a couple of ministers and talked to them about this idea and briefed Gavin Rodley at the Department of Conservation. He agreed that all of this pre-European Maori information would be great to have lined up with all of our preexisting sites, tracks and lakes. If we can have atuatanga - ‘godship’ alongside kaitiakitanga - ‘guardianship of the environment that supports us’ - information next to it, wouldn’t it make it so much better? I’m half-Irish and what I’m getting at is that this isn’t a solely Māori journey I’m on. This is a journey for all of us. It would be amazing to have a whole new capacity of information running alongside what we already know that’s going to increase the richness of it. That’s why I love what I’m doing. My vision is that people who know the whakapapa and kōrero around a place will pass on the knowledge, and then those people will pass on the knowledge. In a way, this is already happening, because a kura - or school - in Kaikohe is preparing its senior Year 13 students to be able to lead and guide out on the mountain bike trail I helped design. They’re planning how to get National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) credits for it and they’re offering to lead and guide other schools on the trail. The other schools are also aiming to achieve NCEA credits for this. This is all happening through whakapapa. Imagine our environment and having all this knowledge running alongside it. This undoubtedly increases the richness of the environment and our experiences with it. That’s why I’m incredibly excited about my research and look forward to passing on more whakapapa in the near future.

TANGAROA AND WHERE SOME OF HIS CHILDREN COME FROM Manuruhi’s little son Rua-te-Pukenga wouldn’t stop crying unless he was fed seafood. Manuruhi consulted with a few people and they said to go see Tangaroa and make a fishhook out of this special material that allows you to catch more fish. Manuruhi went to find Tangaroa but could not find him, so he makes the fishhook anyway. He catches plenty of fish and feeds them to Rua-te-Pukenga. Tangaroa finds out that Manuruhi had taken from him a special fish hook without the appropriate karakia to recognise the offering, and that Manuruhi didn’t give back the first fish to the ocean, which was customary. Tangaroa finds Manuruhi and punishes him by using his severed head as the Tekoeko carved figure on the gable of a house - for his wharenui at the bottom of the ocean. This whare incidentally was called Te Hui ana nui. In this story Manuruhi’s head becomes the first carving to adorn an atua’s house (note several variations of this story exist amongst iwi). Manuruhi’s father, Rua-te-Pupuke, asks everyone where his son is since he hadn’t seen him in a long time. The people tell him that Tangaroa found out what Manurihi had done so he’s at the bottom of the ocean on Tangaroa’s whare.

The fish, Tangaroa’s children, would spend the day in their father’s whare at the bottom of the ocean. When it was night, the whare would rise out of the ocean and the children would play near the surface as only the sunlight was the life-taker of fish. Rua-te-Pupuke wanted retribution for his son’s death so consults with Hinematikotai (a kuia - elder woman of the ocean) and she suggests he goes to the whare and covers the windows. The children will carry on sleeping believing it safe, then when the sun arrives throw open the door and all of Tangaroa’s children will try to escape or perish in the whare. Rua te Pukenga stands at the door with a patu, opens the door and the sunlight comes in. When Tangaroa’s children figure out what Rua-te-Pupuke has done, most of the fish tried to escape past him through the door. Some of the fish refused to come out. Tamure - Snapper - refused to escape, so the sun scorched him until his skin turned red. Patiki - the flounder - tried to escape and got beaten so badly he was flattened. Wheke - the octupus - used to be a fish. He also tried to escape but was beaten so badly his tail was split into eight parts. This is the legend of why some sea creatures are the way they are today.

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OUTDOOR RECREATION IN THE LIVES OF YOUNG NEW ZEALANDERS Does outdoor recreation feature in the lives of young New Zealanders? Sport NZ Research Manager Sue Walker collates the results of the Sport New Zealand’s Young People’s Survey suggesting the answer is definitely “Yes”.

As part of a survey of over 17,000 young people (five to 18 years old) throughout New Zealand, information has been captured about a range of activities that take place in the outdoors. (Note: some activities, such as cycling/biking and walking, may also take place in urban areas but, as the survey did not ask about location, the outdoor component cannot be separated out). The top 20 sports and activities for boys and girls of different ages are listed in Tables 1-3. Outdoor activities are highlighted in brown. Boys and girls of all ages take part in activities such as cycling/biking and running/jogging (or cross-country for the younger age groups), tramping, and fishing. Older students also take part in walking (for fitness) and canoeing/kayaking. Mountain biking features in 15-to 18-year-olds boys’ top 20 and, while not making the top 20, attracts a substantial number of 11 to 14-year-old participants.

Outdoor activities that around 1 in 10, or more, young people said they take part in include: ACTIVITY

5 to 10-year-olds

11 to 14-year-olds

15 to 18-year-olds

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

Adventure racing

19.9

15.0

13.5

9.2

Mountain biking

39.4

20.4

31.0

16.4

Orienteering

22.3

23.1

14.1

14.7

Sailing/yachting

10.8

9.4

14.7

8.3

9.1

7.9

Skiing

16.6

16.5

21.0

18.5

18.2

19.1

Snow boarding

11.7

8.2

18.3

9.7

19.0

10.6

Surfing

17.5

13.4

18.4

14.6

NA = not asked. Younger students were asked about fewer activities than older ones. The initial report explains how the Survey was carried out and describes the questions asked, and is available at: www.sportnz.org.nz/en-nz/young-people/SPARC-Young-Peoples-Survey-2011

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Knowing what young people are doing now and what theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to do is an important first step in getting more young people participating in the outdoors. KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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Outdoor activities that around 1 in 10, or more, young people said they take part in:

Outdoor activities also feature in the sports and activities that young people say they are interested in (those they’d like to try or do more of). Boys are interested in: cycling, fishing and snowboarding; running/jogging/ cross-country and skiing (five to 14-yearolds); and surfing (11 to 18-year-olds). Older boys (15 to 18-year-olds) are also interested in adventure/extreme sports, hunting and water sports like water skiing. Girls are

Other outdoor activities young people take part in are: adventure sports/activities, horse riding, hunting and shooting, and other ice/snow sports and other water sports (Appendix 4 in the initial reports lists all the activities mentioned).

interested in: running/jogging/cross-country and skiing; cycling and horse riding (five to 14-year-olds); and snowboarding and surfing (11 to 18-year-olds). Younger girls (five to 10-year-olds) are also interested in fishing and ice/snow sports like skating, while older girls (15 to 18-year-olds) are interested in water sports like water skiing.

TABLE 1 Top 20 sport and recreation activities participated in “this year” by gender and age RANK

BOYS 5-10 YEARS

GIRLS 5-10 YEARS Number participating

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Number participating

Swimming

86.2%

150,000

Swimming

90.2%

152,000

Athletics (run, jump, throw)

77.4%

135,000

Athletics (run, jump, throw)

79.6%

134,000

Cycling, biking

76.9%

134,000

Cycling, biking

78.5%

133,000

Football, soccer, futsal

73.8%

129,000

Cross-country

73.6%

124,000

Cross-country

70.0%

122,000

Gymnastics, trampoline

72.2%

122,000

Rugby, Rippa Rugby

65.6%

114,000

Dance

59.9%

101,000

Gymnastics, trampoline

60.2%

105,000

Tramping, bush walks

56.8%

96,000

Tramping, bush walks

57.9%

101,000

Netball

50.0%

84,000

Skateboarding

52.9%

92,000

Football, soccer, futsal

44.7%

76,000

Fishing

47.4%

83,000

Māori activities

41.8%

71,000

Cricket

46.1%

80,000

Softball, T-ball

36.3%

61,000

Softball, T-ball

41.7%

73,000

Fishing

35.4%

60,000

Basketball, Mini-ball

41.6%

72,000

Rugby, Rippa Rugby

35.2%

59,000

Māori activities

37.4%

65,000

Cricket

29.3%

50,000

Table tennis

33.2%

58,000

Basketball, Mini-ball

29.1%

49,000

Dance

33.2%

58,000

Skateboarding

28.8%

49,000

Tennis, Grasshoppers

30.7%

54,000

Table tennis

28.6%

48,000

Hockey

26.8%

47,000

Tennis, Grasshoppers

27.5%

46,000

Bodyboarding

25.3%

44,000

Hockey

24.8%

42,000

Martial arts

22.2%

39,000

Bodyboarding

22.9%

39,000

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More young people engaging in more sport and recreation is Sport New Zealand’s goal for young New Zealanders. Getting more young people involved in outdoor recreation will help us achieve this goal. Knowing what young people are doing now and what they’d like to do is an important first step in getting more young people participating in the outdoors and enjoying the benefits of outdoor recreation.

Benefits that impact positively on young people’s intellectual, physical, spiritual and moral development. Benefits that build self-confidence, self-esteem, and the ability to sustain effective relationships with family and in the workplace. Outdoor recreation also contributes to a healthy and fulfilling lifestyle, and helps ensure that, as tomorrow’s citizens, young people will have

the adaptability to cope in a rapidly changing world and be effective members of their community.1 The Young People’s Survey provides other important insights into outdoor recreation, including the outdoor recreation activities offered by schools. Future articles will focus on these results. 1. Sourced from the English Outdoor Council at: www.englishoutdoorcouncil.org/Values_and_benefits.htm Photo: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

TABLE 2 Top 20 sport and recreation activities participated in “this year” by gender and age RANK

BOYS 11-14 YEARS

GIRLS 11-14 YEARS Number participating

Number participating

Running/jogging/X-country

79.8%

95,000

Running/jogging/X-country 84.8%

97,000

Swimming

79.1%

94,000

Swimming

83.2%

95,000

Football, soccer, futsal

72.0%

86,000

Walking for fitness*

72.3%

83,000

Rugby

71.0%

85,000

Netball

72.1%

83,000

Basketball

68.4%

82,000

Athletics, track and field

68.7%

79,000

Cycling, biking (not mountain) 65.3%

78,000

Football, soccer, futsal

65.2%

75,000

Athletics, track and field

64.4%

77,000

Cycling, biking (not mountain) 65.1%

74,000

Touch*

63.0%

75,000

Basketball

62.5%

72,000

Table tennis

58.9%

70,000

Dance

53.9%

62,000

Fishing

54.3%

65,000

Touch*

51.7%

59,000

Walking for fitness*

51.1%

61,000

Tramping, bush walks

50.0%

57,000

Tramping, bush walks

50.6%

60,000

Gymnastics, trampoline

49.4%

57,000

Cricket

50.1%

60,000

Volleyball, Kiwi Volley

47.6%

55,000

Badminton*

45.8%

55,000

Badminton*

46.6%

53,000

Skateboarding

45.3%

54,000

Rugby

46.3%

53,000

Rugby league*

44.9%

54,000

Softball, T-ball

45.7%

52,000

Canoeing, kayaking*

44.0%

53,000

Table tennis

45.1%

52,000

Softball, T-ball

43.9%

52,000

Tennis

42.9%

49,000

Tennis

43.6%

52,000

Canoeing, kayaking*

40.5%

46,000

Hockey

41.2%

49,000

Hockey

39.6%

45,000

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TABLE 3 Top 20 sport and recreation activities participated in “this year” by gender and age RANK

BOYS 15-18 YEARS

GIRLS 15-18 YEARS Number participating

Running/jogging/X-country

74.1%

63,000

Running/jogging/X-country 78.1%

66,000

Swimming

67.9%

58,000

Swimming

76.0%

64,000

Athletics, track and field

62.3%

53,000

Walking for fitness*

73.8%

62,000

Football, soccer, futsal

61.9%

53,000

Athletics, track and field

58.8%

50,000

Basketball

60.9%

52,000

Cycling, biking (not mountain) 52.8%

45,000

Rugby

58.1%

50,000

Netball

51.2%

43,000

Cycling, biking (not mountain) 54.8%

47,000

Dance

50.5%

43,000

Table tennis

51.7%

44,000

Basketball

47.4%

40,000

Touch*

50.7%

43,000

Football, soccer, futsal

46.9%

40,000

Badminton*

46.2%

40,000

Badminton*

45.7%

39,000

Fishing

43.8%

38,000

Tramping, bush walks

45.2%

38,000

Walking for fitness*

42.4%

36,000

Volleyball, Kiwi Volley

39.7%

34,000

Tramping, bush walks

41.9%

36,000

Canoeing, kayaking*

36.3%

31,000

Canoeing, kayaking*

36.6%

31,000

Table tennis

35.2%

30,000

Tennis

36.5%

31,000

Touch*

34.5%

29,000

Rugby league*

35.2%

30,000

Tennis

33.2%

28,000

Volleyball, Kiwi Volley

33.9%

29,000

Gymnastics, trampoline

31.9%

27,000

Cricket

31.6%

27,000

Rugby

30.3%

26,000

Mountain biking*

31.0%

27,000

Fishing

27.7%

23,000

Skateboarding

30.4%

26,000

Bodyboarding (not surfing)

24.7%

21,000

l1. The survey asked about participation in sport and recreation activities “this year”. Survey forms were completed in August/September and so the responses include participation in summer and winter season sports/activities. The Young People’s Survey took place in 2011 with the help of over 500 primary, intermediate and secondary schools.

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2. The survey collected information about sport and recreation in its broadest sense, from casual games and activities (described as “mucking around”) to organised competitions. Although not a comprehensive survey of outdoor recreation, information is available about a number of activities that mostly take place in the outdoors, and these activities are in red text. An asterisk indicates activities that were only asked about in older students’ survey forms (Years 7 to 13).

GOVERNANCE 101 WITH TONY HASSED This year we kicked off the Outdoors Forum with a Governance workshop run by Tony Hassed of Boardsense Limited on the Thursday night. Chairs, Board members and Chief Executives of organisations attending the Forum were encouraged to attend and many took up that opportunity. The workshop was relatively short but nonetheless worthwhile. Using a very interactive approach, Tony clearly established what the role of a Board was and in turn what it was not. The diagram below is a useful reminder of what the role of a Board is:

Protect reputation & brand

Succession Capacity

Priorities

Values

Policy

DirectionalStrategic Planning

Board

Risk Monitor

Stakeholders - identity key

Monitoring

Appoint & manage CEO

Constitutional / Legal

The reason for the workshop was to recognise the importance good governance serves to support an environment that enables and encourages people to be active in the outdoors.

Governance and leadership were identified as priority focus areas in the Outdoor Recreation Strategy 2009-15 and have continued to be a focus for both the Sir Edmund Hillary Outdoor Recreation Council and in turn Sport NZ. MSC, ONZ, NZOIA, YMCA and NZRA have all used Sport NZ’s Organisational Development Tool and as a result have undertaken work to implement the recommendations that came out of that exercise. For many, this has involved upskilling current Board members, reviewing their Board structure, changing their membership structures—and in turn—constitutions, to allow changes to their membership and governance structures. The Sport NZ website has a number of resources relating to governance that are downloadable by any interested organisation. The Club Warrant of Fitness is a downsized version of the Organisational Development Tool that can be used by smaller organisations that will be helpful to look at governance of the organisation, amongst other things. While the resources may appear very sports-focussed on first reading, they are just as relevant to outdoor recreation organisations and their usefulness should not be discounted because of the language used. The third edition of ‘Nine Steps to Effective Governance’ is also available. Go to www.sportnz.org.nz/governance to find these resources. A recent workshop delivered at Sport NZ by Robyn Zink and Sally Shaw also looked at different governance models across the outdoor recreation sector. Outcomes from this will be incorporated into the research work that they had undertaken with the support of a Sport NZ research grant. This will be available later in December and will form part of the Sport and Recreation Knowledge Library which can be found at www.srknowledge.org.nz.

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SOCIAL MEDIA FOR THE OUTDOORS COMMUNITY Phil Bilbrough, Marketing Manager for Forest & Bird had a number of marketing problems. The average age of the membership was increasing and membership was falling. He needed to find new people and re-engage with them by telling them the broader story of Forest & Bird, yet did not have any money to do so. Social media sites were the answer. I decided to focus on Facebook. I had used Facebook before and felt comfortable about posting material to it, but that extra step of becoming a community manager or a “Social Media Manager” was all new to me. The aim of this role is to generate excitement and engagement on your Facebook page. I recommend starting slow just so you make your “learning” mistakes to a small audience. Once I had been in this role for a while, I began seeing textures and intricacies of my community that I never thought would exist.

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You have a friendship with your community and your community has a mixed/combined friendship with you and your organisation. The Social Media Manager is an important role. It is this relationship that powers a lot of social media interactions. If your objectives are about promotion, then success is when your community gets so taken with you and your organisation that they start promoting and advocating for you. They do your job for you.

There are two sides of running a social media page,—a functional logical side and an emotional side. You need to use functional methods to build “likes”, to get the where, who and how messages of your organisation across. You also need to maintain your audience through regular posts (no more than four a day but you need to post at least once a day); this feeds your community but it doesn’t inspire it. It is the emotional connection that motivates your community to share your posts and talk up your organisation. Without it, your Facebook audience will receive your posts like they might receive an email. Facebook is not about dissemination of electronic information. It does not replace email; it is something different. It is more like a pub - a meeting place where groups of a common interest can chat and gossip.

The outdoors is inspiring. There is wonderful wild life, the beautiful wild places and there are many stories of adventures and interesting people. Just like a pub you need to share stories of your organisation and the best story teller has the most friends.

It is the emotional connection that motivates your community to share your posts and talk

You work in a sensational space. The wilderness has millions of years of history, wonderful legends, intricate ecologies and marvellous adventures. Delve into that for your Facebook page, communicate it with photos and stories. Ask former clients to share their photos and experiences. Profile some of the characters in your organisation and their adventures. I profiled a lizardhunting dog and the posts went viral. It is the emotional connection that will make your Facebook a success.

up your organisation.

https://www.facebook.com/ForestandBird

A few Forest and Bird Facebook page statistics:

Date established: August 2009 ‘Likes’: 9,544 and counting Average daily reach over past 3 months: 12,679 Average daily engagement (views, reposts etc.): 359 Number of staff that upload content: 6-7 Posts per day: Maximum of 4

Phil Bilbrough feeding a Kakapo. Like · Comment · Share 29 people like this. View all 7 comments

Write a comment...

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DELIVERING ON A VALUE PROPOSITION FOR THE RUGBY WORLD CUP GM of Tournament Services for Rugby New Zealand 2011, Nigel Cass, discusses the successful bid to host the Rugby World Cup 2011 and the value proposition as one of the key elements of its success. The Rugby World Cup (RWC) 2011 was a momentous occasion in New Zealand sporting history. There were plenty of good people who helped make this event a huge international success, but it was not without its challenges. These challenges included: Ŕ Insufficient infrastructure: stadia, hotels etc. limited for an event of RWC scale Ŕ Budget challenges: We had to pay the International Rugby Board just under $100 million for the rights to host and the only money we could earn from the tournament was selling tickets Ŕ Widespread doubt about capability to host: Our reputation was not great given the 2002 debacle of losing the co-hosting rights with Australia Ŕ Poor time zones and remoteness: All the finals would be broadcasted to the primary international markets in the morning instead of the evening What I’m most proud of about the RWC is that we spent a lot of time at the beginning of the bid process defining a strategy with what we believed were our strengths and our value. When we won the bid to host, our strategy of using our strengths and values became the core driving force on how we delivered the tournament. The bid strategy: Ŕ Assemble the right team Ŕ Unequivocal Government support Ŕ Compelling value proposition Ŕ Personal approach PAGE 67

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ASSEMBLE THE RIGHT TEAM With every great success, there has to be a solid foundation. In 2004, the NZ Rugby Union (NZRU) put together a group to evaluate if they should bid to host the RWC. The first key decision the NZRU made was that they didn’t have the right people to make that decision. It needed to be a decision that was embraced by the whole of New Zealand. We put together a group - which included former Prime Minister Jim Bolger and the Chairman of Air New Zealand John Palmer to first determine whether we could bid and then decide on the strategy to bid.

UNEQUIVOCAL GOVERNMENT SUPPORT Another team was assembled to be the people presenting the bid to the International Rugby Board (IRB). The first crucial member of that team from our point of view had to be the Prime Minister. Former PM Helen Clark was very supportive of our bid, and so was PM John Key. We knew if this was a bid from rugby, it would never succeed, so we had to look outside the organisation.

VIEW THIS PRESENTATION: www.youtube.com/OutdoorsNewZealand

The next members on the team had to be rugby icons who knew all the voters. Most of the people who vote on the RWC are 60-plus-year-old males, who’ve played rugby historically. We absolutely needed Sir Colin Meads on the team because he had played rugby with most of them. We recruited Jock Hobbs and Chris Moller to present the business case, and Tana Umaga, who was the then-captain of the All Blacks. We needed the All Black captain, but we also needed Tana to represent the RWC as an event for the Pacific.

COMPELLING VALUE PROPOSITION Our compelling value proposition made our key weakness a strength. The other bidders all had stadia which could hold 80,00090,000 people. Our largest stadium - which was still to be built at the time - could hold 60,000 people. We came up with the ‘stadium of four million’ idea to say that it didn’t matter if we had small stadia, because our whole country was a stadium.

PERSONAL APPROACH In terms of bid strategy, we had to convince only 26 voters to believe in us to pick New Zealand as the RWC 2011 host. We didn’t have to convince the world’s media or the New Zealand public. We focused our endeavours on the audience we wanted to reach, which is critical for most organisations.

We paid incredible attention to detail. Jock and Chris travelled to all the voting nations and talked individually with the voters. I worked with rugby historian Ron Palenski and researched on each of the nations and voting individuals. Jock and Chris were then able to make specific, unique comments when they presented their bid to the voting individuals. If they were showing the presentation DVD in Wales, the only photos that appeared would be of the Welsh scoring tries against the All Blacks. Ron found out that the Argentinian delegate on the IRB used to be a referee. When Jock was presenting to him, Jock mentioned how he remembered the delegate refereeing an All Blacks game in Rosario, Argentina. Personal touches were a strategic, but human way, of bidding. The night before the final presentation in a Dublin hotel, I worked with Lion Breweries and they stocked the hotel bar with New Zealand beers and wines. We arranged for Brian Lochore and Colin Meads to just happen to be in the hotel bar that night, because we knew the delegates would convene there before dinner. Brian and Colin were able to offer them New Zealand beers and wines in Dublin to set the scene.

SUCCESS What many Kiwis took away from the event were the great memories and the fact that the All Blacks won! The RWC 2011 outcomes were a testament to the successful strategies in place, and you can read some of these in the box below.

TIMELINE OF THE RWC 2011 JOURNEY 2005

2007

2009

2010

2011

Planning & delivering a winning bid strategy

Key hires, strategic planning & learning from others

Operational planning & contractual agreements

Delivering the plan & responding to unforseen challenges

Building the team to deliver the detail and the tournament

2002 NZ loses sub-hosting rights to RWC 2003

Without the four key aspects of the bid strategy - the right team, government support, a compelling value proposition and the personal approach - we never would have been able to host the RWC 2011 and the All Blacks would never have won on New Zealand soil.

TOURNAMENT OUTCOMES

In terms of the value proposition, if we delivered a tournament that hadn’t been in tune to the ‘stadium of four million’, then we would have failed to deliver the RWC 2011.

Ŕ Broadcast viewed in 207 “territories”

Ŕ 1.35m fans at games Ŕ 133,000 international visitors Ŕ $169m ticket sales Ŕ 1.46m “likes” on Facebook

Ŕ Final was the most watched TV event in NZ history - 98% audience share in NZ and 82% audience share in France Ŕ 60% increase in hours viewed globally compared with 2007

I know the RWC and the outdoors are different, but your success is defining the things you’re good at. The value proposition for the outdoors should always reflect back on that in its delivery. Like rugby, the outdoors is an intrinsic part of New Zealand life.

Ŕ £142m gross revenue for IRB (less than 3% down on 2007) Ŕ RNZ 2011 did significantly better than budget Ŕ Mastercard report estimated $750m direct economic benefit

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GIVEAWAY: NZ OUTDOOR FIRST AID MANUAL AND SURVIVAL KIT FROM MSC Love the outdoors? Prove it! Post your story about an amazing outdoors experience you’ve had on the Outdoors New Zealand Facebook page and go in the draw to win amazing prizes from the New Zealand Mountain Safety Council (MSC). SEND YOUR STORY NOW First prize: NZ Outdoor First Aid Manual from MSC Your story published Ki Waho Issue 8 Second prize: Survival Pack from MSC Your story published in Ki Waho Issue 8 Guidelines: Put #outdoorstory at the end of your story so we know it’s for this competition About 300 words Accompanying photos are encouraged Competition ends on 31 January 2013

ABOUT THE NZ OUTDOOR FIRST AID MANUAL The fully revised New Zealand Outdoor First Aid Manual contains essential information about how to handle first aid and medical emergencies in New Zealand’s outdoors. Chapters include accident management, head injuries, fractures and dislocations, poisons, evacuation and much more! For more info go to our website: www.moutainsafety.org.nz.

ABOUT THE SURVIVAL PACK The Survival Pack from MSc contains: A high quality safety whistle A pocket survival bag A pack liner Essential safety information

GIVEAWAY: KIWI KIDS ROAD ATLAS BY HEMA MAPS Post a photo of yourself enjoying the outdoors on the Outdoors New Zealand Facebook page and go in the draw to win a Kiwi Kids Road Atlas & Holiday Activity Book by Hema Maps! You must put #kiwikids in the photo caption so we know it’s for this competition.

POST A PHOTO NOW The competition finishes on 21 December 2012. The winner will be announced in the January issue of Te Karere Waho. PAGE 69

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ABOUT THE KIWI KIDS ROAD ATLAS & HOLIDAY ACTIVITY BOOK The Kiwi Kids Road Atlas & Holiday Activity Book is an entertaining and engaging atlas for travelling with kids through New Zealand. The atlas contains puzzles, activities and word and number games that each hold a distinct New Zealand flavour. All of New Zealand is displayed over 12 atlas pages along with many wildlife activities and things to see and do. It comes with wipe-clean pages and a free reusable pen, meaning kids can engage in the trip while plotting their own journey. Perfect for the upoming school holidays!

LET GOOD THINGS HAPPEN

Welcome When you walk into a Mercure Hotel, you open the door of a hotel with its own personality… whilst guaranteeing you the quality you’d expect of a well-known brand. In every Mercure Hotel, we’re expecting you…

WELCOME TO RIO…

…THE WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER.

WELCOME TO SYDNEY… WELCOME TO PARIS…

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CALL CENTER NUMBER KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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'Walking back to happiness’ this spring...

Walkers reach the summit.

JENNESSREEVE There are few things more uplifting than getting ‘into the outdoors’ . Waiheke Walking Festival organiser and founder Jenness Reeve shares how this spring presented an ideal opportunity to be walking back to happiness. Marcus Lush signed for three of the longer walks this year.

A bucket list event, the annual Waiheke Walking Festival celebrates the beauty of Waiheke Island and gives the opportunity to see the island through completely different eyes. The Waiheke Walking Festival was the winner of the Outdoors New Zealand Event Award 2012. Outdoors New Zealand chairperson Alex Brunt described the festival as, “A fantastic community event that effectively promotes a beautiful, quirky and popular natural destination right on the doorstep of our biggest city.” Although the event definitely involved the local community, it also attracted many national and international visitors. International visitors came from Israel, Japan, Mexico and the Netherlands, to name a few. One couple from Hawaii returned just for the festival for the third year in a row. The festival’s 40 walks were fully booked and over 2200 registrations were collected. The festival certainly captured the attention of intrepid walker and presenter, Marcus Lush, who signed for three of the longer walks. Mr Lush said, ‘Over the years Waiheke has become wellknown for a number of things, but I believe that increasingly the thing Waiheke is going to become most known for is as a fantastic walking destination. In fact, I am incredibly excited about the island’s walking potential, the multi-day walks and particularly this year’s festival.’ PAGE 71

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Associate Minister for Tourism Chris Tremain and Auckland Central MP Nikki Kaye also participated in walks, namely the Atawhai Whenua Experience, and even completed the interactive quiz.

THE WALKS Many of the walks took advantage of the large network of public walkways and, for the festival only, there were also walks on private land. This year was very special; for the first time Rorohara was opened up with a suite of three walks making up the Rorohara Concerto. Landowner Bruce Plested had been planting trees and building tracks since 1997. He has nurtured and developed a legacy for future generations and was a guest guide on all three of these walks. The beauty of many, if not all of the walks, is that they combined walking with something else. Sometimes the walks were clearly defined. For example, if you were interested in history there was The Secret Life of Matiatia with historian Paul Monin; or Bach to the Future, which started with a short film clip dating back to the 1960s outlining what Waiheke looked like, followed by delving into the unique history of old baches in Oneroa.

Also falling into a clearly defined category was the Okahuiti Wetland Walk led by wetland and birdlife expert and author, Janet Hunt and Bio What led by Rosie Walford. Rosie has led biomimicry walks all over Europe for the past twelve years and will demonstrate how inventors come up with the stuff they do by turning to nature for solutions, Velcro is a perfect example of biomimicry . In the not-so-clearly-defined category and with perhaps with that Waiheke touch of quirkiness came the Atawhai Whenua Experience where walkers enjoyed a short bush wander at their own pace, stopping at fun stations along the way, learning about history and nature, and even learnt about making billy tea or watched a historical enactment. These walks only touch what was on offer. Meditation walks, medicinal plants in the wild, midnight madness, beach and bush, hill and more hill, walks for dogs, walks for children, competitions and even a 10k run were all included in the festival. A photography competition ran throughout the festival with the overall winner being presented with a specially commissioned award from the Goldie Room and Goldie Vineyard Estate, with the Goldie Award accompanied by a cash prize. An exhibition of finalists' works is on show at the Waiheke Community Art Gallery until mid December.

Cross Island walkers make lunch break at Peacock Sky.

NEXT YEAR With so many walks and so much to do and see it would have been a criminal waste not to book a few days off work and head over to next year’s Waiheke Walking Festival. It is only a short ferry hop from Auckland but you find yourself transported into another time and place. But be very careful,—the island is a way of life,—you just might never leave. Being Waiheke, there is bound to be plenty going on in the evening too; the local blues club, long lunches, wine tasting, and friendly cafes with great views.

So next year, put the Waiheke Walking Festival on you bucket list, check out the website: www.waihekewalkingfestival.org and if you are on Facebook they would love it if you ‘liked’ their page Waiheke Walking Festival 2012.

Event organiser Jenness holds the certificate for Outdoors New Zealand 2012 Event Award with Associate Minister for Tourism, Chris Tremain.

82 Walkers set off on Rorohara Finale.

Ocean - The Waiheke Walking KI youngest WAHO ambassador. ISSUE 7 Festivals

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New Zealand Journal of Outdoor Education Ko Tāne Mahuta Pupuke

The purpose of the New Zealand Journal of Outdoor Education, Ko Tāne Mahuta Pupuke, is to publish original peer-reviewed contributions on all aspects of outdoor education with a New Zealand context or focus. The journal, published by Outdoors New Zealand, facilitates the interchange of ideas and information that contributes to the development of a New Zealand perspective on moving and learning in the outdoors. The work of established and emerging writers is encouraged. The latest issue is now available. The editor, Mike Brown, updates us on the latest issue. Welcome to the first issue of the third volume of the journal. The latest issue marks the tenth anniversary of the journal and in that time there have been 12 issues containing 67 articles. Looking back over the previous issues it is encouraging to see the diversity of topics covered and the emergence of new perspectives on outdoor education practice. The journal continues to reflect the particularities of the Aotearoa New Zealand context whilst embracing broader influences impacting on outdoor education more globally. Earlier this year, I had the opportunity to spend time in Scandinavia. I was able to visit Pip Lynch at the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences in Oslo, Søren Andkjaer at The University of Southern Denmark and Erik Mygind at The University of Copenhagen. Pip is well known in the New Zealand outdoor education community and Erik and Søren

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have both spent considerable amounts of time in New Zealand, primarily at The University of Otago. It was interesting to see the similarities, and differences, between how outdoor education is both understood and practiced in Denmark and Norway. My primary reason for visiting was to gain an understanding of friluftsliv (literally ‘free air life’). While not being synonymous with outdoor education, it is often equated with recreational activities that may be included in an educational context. What stood out for me was the underlying ethos of friluftsliv – which is to be comfortable in an outdoor setting. Rather than seeing the outdoors as a proving ground or site of challenging activities, friluftsliv takes a slower more empathetic approach to being in the environment. Efforts are made to help students gain competence, be at ease in the outdoors and to take time to appreciate the outdoor world. In the Norwegian tradition, great emphasis is placed on using simple natural products wherever possible. Pushing students outside their comfort zone, or risktaking as a means to personal development are foreign concepts within the friluftsliv tradition. Friluftsliv has developed to reflect regional diversity and the form that it takes in Norway is somewhat different to that in Denmark. For example, ski touring is suited to Norwegian terrain while sea kayaking or sailing in traditional open boats is popular in Denmark. The challenge for proponents of the friluftsliv approach is the impact of globalisation and the culture of consumerism. It will be interesting to observe how friluftsliv adapts to or resists practices that are not ‘rooted’ in local places and culture. In some ways the challenges that Scandinavian outdoor educators face are similar to those faced here in New Zealand. The central question is: how do we find, or maintain, an approach to education outdoors that responds in a meaningful way to the here and now? How do we design programmes that are meaningful and sustainable for young people in our various communities? For those of you who are interested in pursuing these issues in more detail I would highly recommend; Dave Irwin, Jo Straker and Allen Hill’s recently published (2012) book, Outdoor education in Aotearoa New Zealand: A new vision for the twenty first century. This book draws together a collection of writers and deals with both theoretical issues and practical examples of innovative programmes.

This issue of the journal features three diverse articles. In the first paper, Martin Tolich uses an auto-ethnographic approach to reflect on his own Outward Bound experience. Through the use of narrative, Martin raises interesting questions about integrity and making difficult decisions. Clearly, his Outward Bound experience has had a profound impact. Martin has brought a sociologist’s perspective to an influential eight-day period in his life. As a research methodology auto-ethnography captures both the author’s lived experiences and the broader social context in which the events occurred. In the second paper, which is in two parts, Pip Lynch details the outdoor education related material that featured in the 2010 Outdoor Recreation Research Stocktake. By disseminating and focusing on the outdoor education related material Pip has provided a concise (by comparison to the original report) snapshot that will prove valuable to researchers looking for areas that are in need of further investigation. This will serve as a ‘touchstone’ for future researchers who may be looking for areas worthy of further investigation. In the final paper, Mike Brown reports on secondary school students’ perspectives of a place-responsive outdoor education programme. This article is based on a larger research project which sought to ascertain the viability of place-responsive outdoor education programmes in New Zealand secondary schools. As in previous issues these three diverse papers, based very much in the Aotearoa New Zealand context, reflect the multiple ways that outdoor education can be studied. As always, the journal welcomes the submission of scholarly articles that will inform outdoor education theory and practice in Aotearoa New Zealand and the international outdoor community. Mike Brown - Editor Email: michaelb@waikato.ac.nz All members of Outdoors New Zealand receive a copy of the New Zealand Journal of Outdoor Education. Copies can also be purchased for $30+gst at www.outdoorsnz.org.nz or email publications@outdoorsnz.org.nz

Volume 3

Issue 1

September 2012 KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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What is it? The NZRRP is an easy-to-use register of qualified people working in the recreation, sport and fitness industries. It can be used by: n Members of the public looking for qualified professionals and facilities/organisations n Facilities/organisations to check the current status of their staff n Industry organisations to promote themselves and keep in touch with you.

Make the NZRRP work for you - try it now! Members of the public - Check the qualifications held by any person who may be offering a service as a leader/ instructor/guide/coach in a recreational activity (outdoor, fitness, aquatics, sport). You can also check out what the qualification(s) they hold, allows them to do. Qualified individuals - Promote the qualifications you hold to workplaces, employers and the general public. They will be able to see that they are current and endorsed by the relevant national organisation. You can also check here when you need re-register or update your existing qualifications. Employers - Check the status of your staff membersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; qualifications and when they are due for re-registration. This will support the reputation of your workplace and help provide training/career pathways for your staff.

Proudly supported by:

Mountain Bike NZ Inc.

National organisations - Promote the qualifications you support/endorse, and show who holds these qualifications. Provide re-registration and professional development information to qualification holders directly through this website.

www.nzrrp.co.nz

Outdoor and Experiential Learning: Views from the Top

Targeted Advertising Opportunity EONZ will be publishing a special focus issue of Out and About, the EONZ membership magazine, in March 2013 with distribution across 3000 primary schools nationwide. The focus of the publication will be promotion of key messages in the recently completed EOTC Guidelines Project and include best practice stories, articles, ideas and information around implementation and development of EOTC and outdoor education in schools.

This book is a skillfully crafted compilation of 25 articles contributed by a total of 18 authors who live and work in Australia and/or New Zealand. The authors write from a diversity of professional perspectives, which add richness and variety to the book. Some articles are research focused, while others are more reflective, philosophical or curriculum based.

Organisations and providers are invited to list adverts in this targeted audience publication. Full listing details are available by emailing Catherine at office@eonz.org.nz. For those unfamiliar with the look and content of Out and About, back issues are now available as downloads off the EONZ website at www.eonz.org.nz.

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$42.00 incl. p+p members, $49.95 incl. p+p non-members To purchase a copy please contact us by calling: +64 4 385 7287 or by emailing: publications@outdoorsnz.org.nz.

petemonk.com

New Zealandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s outdoors is a great place to be and PHOTOGRAPHY Follow the 5 simple rules of Outdoor Safety Code and make sure you tell someone your plans. Tell someone you trust where you if you havenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t returned. downloading a form or entering your details online at

Life has a certain wonderous spontaneity, as nature plots its own course. I plan, but mostly I observe - with a keen readiness to receive the images life presents me rather than to contrive.

www.petemonk.com mail@petemonk.com Landline: +64 6 308 9968 Mobile: +64 27 220 3300

Should anything at petemonk.com take your fancy, or if you have the next project in mind, please feel free to contact me.

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COLLABORATION KEY TO SPREADING OUTDOOR SAFETY MESSAGE ANDREACORRIGAN The AdventureSmart website and Safety Codes have been garnering quite a lot of attention over the last year, but there’s still more to be done. New Zealand Mountain Safety Council’s Andrea Corrigan says collaboration is key to spreading the outdoor safety message this summer. Every year people get lost, some get hurt and sadly every year, some even die when recreating in New Zealand’s outdoors. Recent headlines, ACC statistics and the number and frequency of search-and-rescue callouts all back up this claim. With summer almost here, we can almost pre-write the inevitable media headlines: ‘Experienced Tramper Missing’, ‘Group Rescued from XYZ Ranges’ and ‘River Death Could Have Been Avoided’. Back in 2009, research indicated that the majority of unfortunate incidents in New Zealand were avoidable with good planning, knowledge and skills. This prompted New Zealand’s outdoor sector to come together and collaborate on an initiative aimed at bringing consistency to preventative outdoor safety messaging. The result was the creation of the Outdoor Safety Code and subsequently led to the water and boating codes, the adventuresmart.org.nz website and revised outdoors intentions tools. The concepts and supporting resources were greeted with overwhelming approval, and promotion commenced in the summer of 2011/12. However, with reduced budgets, limited resources and a massive target audience, it can be somewhat of a challenge to sustain an effective public education and awareness campaign. In the year since the adventuresmart.org.nz website launched, much success has been achieved thanks

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to the number of organisations from stakeholders to media and commercial operators to tourism bodies who have taken a few simple steps to help the cause. But there is still a lot to be done and collaboration is the key.

HOW YOU OR YOUR ORGANISATION CAN HELP There are plenty of quick, easy and free things you can do to support this year’s summer campaign which take little time or effort. There are a number of new and updated resources available on the AdventureSmart website such as pre-written articles, web banners, posters and even email signatures and screensavers which can all help you raise awareness via your existing communications channels. Maybe you can think of other opportunities too. Ross Laird at Turangi Coachlines has a fleet of buses and vans and provides a shuttle service for clients to access the Tongariro National Park and the Kaimanawas. Last year, he took it upon himself to laminate copies of the Outdoor Safety Code and stick them to the back of every aisle seat on his buses! This is a great initiative from a commercial operator who cares passionately about the safety of his clients. We will probably never know if someone avoided a catastrophe because they read an article in your newsletter or clicked a link on your website, but it stands to reason that the more touch points that are created, the more likely we are to get the messages through and reduce incidents.

KEY MESSAGES The Mountain Safety Council is custodian of the Outdoor Safety Code which is primarily concerned with land-based outdoor activities and the key messages are based on the five simple rules of this code. These provide guidance on how to prepare and act in the outdoors and are applicable to all landbased outdoor activities whether it’s a short walk in the bush, a day out mountain biking, hunting or climbing or a multi-day mountain adventure. Ŕ The outdoors is good – get out there and enjoy it Ŕ Safety is your responsibility Ŕ Plan and prepare for a safe trip by following the five simple rules of the outdoor safety code Ŕ Rule 2: Tell someone your plans – it may save your life

GET INVOLVED – HOW YOU CAN HELP Free downloadable resources are available at: www.adventuresmart.org.nz/resources Raise awareness amongst staff and volunteers within your organisation The code is as relevant for experienced adventurers as it is for novices, for it is the decisions that people make and the risks that they take, before, during and after, which produces a good or bad result.

Ensure you have the correct info on your website and/or update it with banners and links

To discuss further opportunities to support and promote outdoor safety, or to highlight your contribution to outdoor safety, please visit www.adventuresmart.org.nz/resources or contact Andrea Corrigan at the Mountain Safety Council, phone (04) 385 7162 or email andrea.corrigan@mountainsafety.org.nz

Include information in your newsletters, social media and communications

Download, print and distribute the free posters

‘Like’ the Mountain Safety Council on Facebook www.facebook.com/NZMSC Support the campaign by encouraging your clients, stakeholders, friends and family to: Use and promote the AdventureSmart website Follow the Safety Codes Complete their Outdoors Intentions

Outdoors New Zealand encourages all outdoors enthusiasts to complete their intentions BEFORE setting off on an adventure. Use the handy form printed on the next page or complete online at www.adventuresmart.org.nz.

Photo: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

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At the ‘expected date and time’ below, immediately try and contact the ‘OUTDOORS USER’ directly, if you have not already heard from them.

If unsuccessful try and contact other group members (if applicable).

Option 2b. Download the form. Save to your system. Type directly into the form. Save file. Attach to an email and send to your TRUSTED CONTACT.

None of the fields on the form are compulsory, but the more details you provide, the better the search and rescue agencies will be able to respond should the alert be raised.

DD /MM / Y Y

Time:

AM PM

Activity:

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Home Phone:

Cell Number:

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Note: Always enter your progress and changes to plan in hut logbooks, even if you don’t stay overnight.

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WHAT ARE YOU DOING AND WHERE ARE YOU GOING?

TIME

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If you are still unsuccessful in contacting the OUTDOORS USER or any members of the party, telephone 111 (or if outside New Zealand call +64 4 381 2000) ask for the Police and tell them you wish to report a missing person(s) who is on a trip in the outdoors and has not returned by the expected date and time. You will need to provide the Police with the information below.

EXPECTED DATE OF RETURN D D / M M / Y Y

For tips, advice and links to help keep you safe throughout your land, snow, water, boating and air activities in New Zealand, visit www.adventuresmart.org.nz

Whatever method you use, it is recommended that you check that your TRUSTED CONTACT has received your Outdoors Intentions prior to leaving on your trip. Remember to tell your Trusted Contact as soon as you have returned safely, to avoid unnecessary alarm and possible involvement from New Zealand Police.

By using this form you agree to the terms and conditions.

If unsuccessful wait 1 hour and then repeat the process of contacting the OUTDOORS USER and if applicable other group members. If unsuccessful and you are extremely concerned or bad weather has set in, go straight to contacting the New Zealand Police.

You have been nominated as the TRUSTED CONTACT for the OUTDOORS USER listed below, so you can raise the alarm and contact the appropriate authorities if for any reason they do not return by the expected date and time below.

OUTDOORS USER(S) may select either of these options to complete your Outdoors Intentions details via a downloadable form.

Option 2a. Download the form. Save to your system. Print form. Complete details by hand and give to your TRUSTED CONTACT.

TRUSTED CONTACT INSTRUCTIONS

OUTDOOR USER INSTRUCTIONS

Safety is your responsibility so tell someone, it could save your life | www.adventuresmart.org.nz

OUTDOORS INTENTIONS FORM

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Parked at:

The Outdoors Intentions form is provided free of charge but without warrant or guarantee. ‘OUTDOORS USER’ refers to the person using the form to complete their Outdoors Intentions. ‘TRUSTED CONTACT’ refers to the person that the ‘OUTDOORS USER’ gives their Outdoors Intentions form to, whether it be via electronic or hard copy means. The process relies on the OUTDOORS USER providing correct and comprehensive information. No responsibility is accepted for users providing incorrect information, including incorrect email addresses. The process relies on the TRUSTED CONTACT receiving the information from the OUTDOORS USER and following the designated process as set out on the form. It is recommended that the OUTDOORS USER checks that their TRUSTED CONTACT has received the Outdoors Intentions (by whatever means chosen) prior to leaving on a trip. It is the responsibility of the OUTDOORS USER to ensure that the TRUSTED CONTACT they select is willing and able to respond and follow the process contained within the information they receive. No responsibility is accepted for the TRUSTED CONTACT not receiving the information or not following the correct process. The timeliness and accuracy of a search and rescue response depends somewhat on the quality, quantity and accuracy of the information that is provided by the OUTDOORS USER to the TRUSTED CONTACT and that the TRUSTED CONTACT follows the process correctly. No guarantee is given regarding search and rescue response. Internet and telecommunications providers do not guarantee uptime of their systems or delivery of electronic messages. Postal services do not guarantee timeframes of delivery of physical letters, parcels or packages. By using the Outdoors Intentions form you accept that you have read, understood and agree to the terms and conditions above.

Terms & Conditions

Remember to tell your Trusted Contact as soon as you have returned safely.

e.g. name/address/telephone of accommodation:

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If you are leaving a vehicle in the area for your return, please provide details below:

Type of vehicle etc. Please also include name of bus/rental car company, if applicable:

HOW ARE YOU TRAVELLING TO AND FROM THE AREA?

Firearms (with spare emergency ammunition)

Personal Locator Beacon

Emergency Shelter

Survival Kit

Extra food

First Aid Kit

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Wet weather gear and thermal clothing

WHAT TYPE OF EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT ARE YOU CARRYING?

* If you need to add more group members, please download the additional group members form.

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SUPPORTED BY OUTDOORS NEW ZEALAND > WWW.OUTDOORSNZ.ORG.NZ

PHOTOGRAPHER PROFILE

Photo: Fraser Crichton frasercrichton.wordpress.com

FRASERCRICHTON Fraser Crichton has been providing Outdoors New Zealand with photos showcasing the beauty of nature and the freedom of outdoor activities. It was natural he was chosen to be the photographer for this year’s Outdoors Forum and Outdoors Awards. Fraser Crichton shares a little about himself. I’m a photographer based in Wellington and have been taking photos seriously for the past three years. I’m originally from Scotland and have been lucky enough to live in New Zealand for the last twelve years. I was humbled to be awarded the New Zealand Alpine Club’s Joint Grand Champion in their 2012 Photographic Competition. My photos have been published in an array of publications, including New Zealand Geographic, Wilderness Magazine, the Dominion Post and the New Zealand Herald. My client list includes Outdoors New Zealand, Forest and Bird, the Remarkables Ice Climbing Festival and Greenpeace. A large number of my pictures are available through Getty Images.

My love of the outdoors was one of the things that first brought me to New Zealand. I’ve been climbing, tramping and generally spending time in the outdoors for the last twenty years. I’ve climbed extensively in the Southern Alps and overseas in Australia, the USA (Yosemite, Red Rocks, The Gunks), Canada, Italy, France and the UK. I’ve volunteered as an Alpine Instructor with the New Zealand Alpine Club and a Hut Warden at Mount Cook. I care about the place in which I find myself living in and have been actively involved in a number of conservation projects as a volunteer helping with wilding pine control in the Mackenzie District and translocating riflemen on Stewart Island. I’m currently exploring street photography in Wellington, as well as working on a few commissioned projects. You can read more at my blog here: http://frasercrichton.wordpress.com.

I care about the place in which I find myself living in... KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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50 years of Outward Bound as seen through the eyes of the school directors TREVORTAYLOR As 2012 draws to a close so does a year of celebration for Outward Bound. Over the last 50 years, 52,000 Kiwis have benefitted from the unique experience on offer at Outward Bound. Outward Bound CEO, Trevor Taylor said 50 years is a momentous achievement for any New Zealand organisation. “More importantly for the current team at Outward Bound it gave them a chance to reflect on what their predecessors had done to set up Outward Bound as it is today. It is also a time to reflect on the responsibility to ensure that Outward Bound is around for another 50 years.” So, during 2012 we’ve taken the opportunity to celebrate the contribution Outward Bound has made and continues to make - not only to individuals but also to communities across the country.

Since 1962, New Zealand society has experienced numerous changes - too many to list. Outward Bound has also changed during this time, but the philosophy and the commitment to helping Kiwis realise their full potential has remained constant. In his opening address back in 1962, Lord Cobham said: “Outward Bound is a training for life; all the young people coming to the schools are ‘outward bound’ on the journey through life, and it is believed that an experience of the course will help them to cope confidently with the problems and worries which they will meet during that journey.”

“I still regard my five years at Anakiwa as the pinnacle of my working life, and the most formative period of my own personal growth and development." JOHN MITCHELL

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In many ways Lord Cobham’s hope for young New Zealanders is just as, if not more, relevant today as it was back in 1962. Young Kiwis of 2012 face similar challenges to those encountered by their parents and grandparents. As a result, the way that Outward Bound helps people to understand their true potential has stayed the same and the continual positive feedback has shown us that it still works. “We get them off the couch away from peer pressure and negative influences and give them hands-on opportunities for selfdevelopment, improving inter-personal skills, clarifying personal values and developing an appreciation of the natural environment.” In the words of the founder of the international Outward Bound movement Kurt Hahn: “We are all better than we know; if only we can be brought to realise this, we may never be prepared to settle for anything less.” This is something that the past School Directors who came together for a staff reunion in late October had a chance to reflect upon, as they recalled the journey Outward Bound has been on over the last half a century, and the contribution it has made to New Zealand society. John Mitchell who was Warden from February 1974 to December 1978 went to Anakiwa fresh from the Psychology Department of the University of Canterbury. Various issues including the Vietnam War, women’s rights movements, Maori Studies programmes and apartheid in South African sport impacted on the social background of attending students, many of whom had developed strong views on the subjects. On a more positive note, there was a growing acceptance that properly-conducted outdoor/experiential education could play an important role in the physical, social and moral development of youth. Only one attempt had been made to accommodate women on Outward Bound courses prior to his appointment. “We were keen to see gender equality at Outward Bound, and within a few months, women’s watches became a feature of most courses. This was followed soon after with the appointment of the first female instructor.” Special short courses were introduced and community service was included as part of the then 23-day programme. The School's facilities were expanded and a training programme and fixed term contracts were introduced for staff. When it came to the course participants, John said it was impossible to describe the enormous satisfaction of seeing positive psychological and sociological changes in countless individuals and groups of people who attended. “I still regard my five years at Anakiwa as the pinnacle of my working life, and the most formative period of my own personal growth and development." Jon D’Almedia worked as Deputy Director and Director at Outward Bound from 1984 to 1990. At the time he joined, the school had been rebuilt into its present form. The fibreglass kayaks were replaced by new polyethylene versions, which brought to an end to the days of instructors returning from the three-day kayak scheme and having to dry the kayaks and make fibreglass repairs to holes. A native tree-planting programme commenced and included each watch planting a tree at the conclusion of their course. A connection was forged with local iwi and a number of staff trained for months to complete a Cook Strait crossing by waka.

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Jon said he was impressed by the staff, all of whom were fully committed to their roles and worked huge hours to ensure that the courses were outstanding. “They were wonderful young people setting up and running transformative courses for so many participants.” Bruce Cardwell school director from 1990 to 1995 remembers a number of challenges the organisation faced. Legislative changes significantly impacted Outward Bound including the introduction of the student loans scheme, and a record high unemployment rate of 11.2% in 1991 which led to reduction in student numbers. The Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 also added challenges. Bruce had a great team of staff to help work through the challenges and changes needed to be made, including developing internal and external safety audits, introducing emergency response procedures and training, and mobile off-site summer courses.

Warden's and School Directors past and present.

Bruce recalls that his most memorable moment as Director was being able to spend three to five days in the field each course with students and staff, observing the students and staff grow and learn from their Outward Bound experience. Gaike Knottenbelt, wife Ruth and their children began their tenure at Anakiwa in January 1996. Gaike led the school until December 2000. Unfortunately, the financial difficulties Bruce had experienced in the early 1990s continued. Despite relocating to arguably one of the most beautiful places on the planet, Gaike recalls that the first two years were very lean and fraught with tension and stress. “With the staff we came up with some achievable goals. We needed to raise the profile and reputation of Outward Bound, and to do that we needed to employ instructors who had outdoor industry mana.”

Staff from the 1960's.

Prior to Gaike’s tenure, Outward Bound ran just three types of courses – the three week Classic Outward Bound course, a nine day compact course, and a course for people with disabilities. To increase revenue, the school decided to diversify, so Ruth and the team developed eight new courses within two years, including partnering with government agencies and the corporate sector.

Staff from the 2000's.

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Links with government departments, community groups and the corporate sector have strengthened, as Outward Bound has continued to develop new courses to meet the changing needs of the community. New additions include courses for school leaders, girl guides and courses catering for diverse ethnic groups. Gaike’s time at Anakiwa also saw an increased focus on safety. “A very capable safety manager was employed reinforcing the school’s commitment to a strong safety culture. We also introduced a creative day to the courses to challenge participants on another level. Many of our goals were achieved and money started to flow back into Anakiwa, as some major building projects got underway.” For Gaike the emphasis has been and remains on igniting that great potential that lies deep within each of us. He believes that this remains relevant today and always will be so.

Students tramping through the Marlborough Sounds.

of everyone involved in course delivery at Anakiwa. While it did become pretty hard to get a job at Anakiwa, the resultant amazing staff, combined with on-going consultation, meant that we developed a positive and productive culture with high levels of trust.”

“Given the challenges currently facing humanity on a national, global and community level, Outward Bound has a great opportunity to demonstrate innovation and leadership in the area of education towards greater sustainability.” GAIKE KNOTTENBELT Another former director Steve Hall, who had also worked as Training Manager at the school before taking over the reins, recalls his realisation of just how remarkable and special Outward Bound is, how powerful it can be and what a difference it makes to people’s lives. “Whilst at Anakiwa, my key focus was to make sure that we ran consistently safe, high quality courses. By doing that, our students would be our strongest promoters back in their communities. My time as Director began with a two-year consultative process to establish an Outward Bound curriculum. While the product turned out to be great, how we got there was at least as important, in that the collaborative process meant real buy-in and support from staff. “We focused heavily on staff selection and training. We became very clear and rigorous about what we sought in great instructors. We were very overt about our expectations

He looks back with pride on his time at Outward Bound and points to a number of factors as being key including: fantastic staff with high levels of engagement; trust; clarity and alignment - critical for safety and quality; large numbers of senior staff successfully extending their contracts along with an effective working relationship between Outward Bound head office in Wellington and the school.

During this time, Outward Bound was twice named as being one of New Zealand’s ‘Best Places to Work’ and there was increased demand and even waitlists for the first time in over a decade for some of the courses. Outward Bound past school directors are now scattered and have each taken on new challenges, but they all continue to share a commitment to the philosophy of Outward Bound, and a belief that the key tenets of kiwis realising their true potential through challenge and adventure remain the same. They all remain proud of what they and others have achieved and continue to achieve. Current School Director Rob MacLean said he is lucky to have inherited a culture, facilities and systems that were forged over a 50-year period of trial and error all using the same basic model. “This has led to some fantastic systems and a tremendous legacy.

“Looking back over the history of the place, I can see that each generation of staff has added a significant and important layer to the quality, safety and culture that now forms an intrinsic part of the School. “It is important to note that the financial and marketing systems that have evolved have been just as important as operational systems in terms of supporting quality safety and culture at Outward Bound. For example, it would be very hard to manage an operation safely if you didn’t have the funds to replace old lifejackets or train staff.” Rigorous compliance requirements and the associated documentation pose some of the bigger challenges Rob faces today. Another pressure is customer service expectations. “With a population that has become increasingly accustomed to ‘get it now’ information, we put in a lot of work making sure that there is a quick and seamless communication flow between the school, its Wellington-based finance and marketing teams, our clients, the media and other stakeholders.” Rob said decades of work by polytechnics and universities have created a generation of very well-informed and highly trained instructors. “Better trained inductees means we are dealing with people who treat outdoor instruction as a profession and a part of a career in the outdoors. Twenty years ago it would have been regarded by some as a short-term lifestyle choice before returning to a ‘normal’ career. This has led to more consistent and more considered delivery and less improvisation.” As Outward Bound looks to the next 50 years, former School Director Bruce Cardwell and now President of Outward Bound perhaps best sums up the organisation’s role in New Zealand’s future. “Outward Bound has the ability to help shape our nationhood and combine all cultures within New Zealand.” While these words are aspirational, they are also what drive the current team at Outward Bound. KI WAHO ISSUE 7 PAGE 84

NATHANWATSON In Februray 2013, brothers Nathan and Nigel Watson will set off on an incredible expedition to summit all of the 21 mountains, which are all roughly 2000m high, in Nelson Lakes National park in 21 days.

Nathan and Nigel on the Routeburn track.

In the last 10 years, the Kea population in Nelson Lakes National Park has decreased by 80% alone.

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While the expedition itself will be a hugely challenging task, possibly the most amazing aspect of this project is their goal of raising just under $50,000 for the Kea Conservation Trust. Nathan Watson tells their story. The last few months have been a whirlwind of expedition planning, engaging with the media and the endless task of trying to find sponsors. We plan to start the expedition in early February to take advantage of the hopefully (fingers crossed!) better summer weather. Starting in the Matakitaki Valley we’ll slowly make our way south to the Spencer Mountains and then follow them North East towards Blue Lake. We’ll then make our way over to the St Arnaud Range before cutting back to the Travers Range and finishing at Mt Robert Car park three weeks later. All up, we’ll travel approximately 240km and climb an accumulated total of just over 16,000m!

For most of the trip, we’ll be staying above the bushline and using the ridges to connect mountains together. For the first half of the trip we’ll be almost exclusively tent-based and it won’t be until we get towards the more popular tramping valleys like the Travers that we can use backcountry huts. A huge challenge will be the weather, and over three weeks, we’ll need to be prepared to face everything from NW gales to driving rain and yoyo-like temperatures—hopefully with a few big anti-cyclones thrown in the mix as well!

Adelaide Tarn (Kahurangi National Park). KI WAHO Photo: ISSUENathan 7 PAGE Watson

ALL IN THE NAME OF KEA CONSERVATION Most people associate the Kea with ski fields and broken wiper blades, but these curious and intelligent alpine parrots are far more than this. While their population is not as threatened as birds like the Kakapo, wild Kea have faced an incredibly difficult past and their future throughout the South Island remains in the balance. In the last 10 years, the Kea population in Nelson Lakes National Park alone has decreased by 80%. Recent media reports have highlighted incidents of multiple kea being found shot or inadvertently killed by cars and people. The question has to be asked—if things aren’t done now to reverse this worrying trend, will we end up with another species fighting on the edge of extinction? A quick tally of Native NZ birds in this situation now suggests it’s not an impossible situation.

Thankfully, organisations like the Kea Conservation Trust are working tirelessly to promote these issues and educate New Zealanders.

SPONSOR A MOUNTAIN It was very important to us that this expedition was more than just a couple of guys in the hills. To meet our ambitious goals, we needed a point of difference, something that would engage the wider community and motivate people, businesses and organisations to get behind us. Our sponsor-a-mountain concept gives anyone interested the opportunity to directly support the Kea Conservation Trust. Businesses, brands, organisations and individuals can sponsor a mountain by donating the same amount of money as their mountain’s height. For example, Mt Franklin is 2340m so the sponsor will be required to donate $2340. If all 21 mountains are sponsored the expedition will raise just over $46,000, all of which will go to the Kea Conservation Trust.

You can also follow the Watsons on Sport NZ's new Hilary Expedition website: http://hillaryexpeditions.org.nz

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For well over a month now we have been working away, almost every night, searching for potential sponsors and making an endless number of phone calls or sending hundreds of emails. A quick count-up suggests each week’s work is easily around 20 hours. The search for mountain sponsors has consumed every spare minute and fills our thoughts as we bike to work or drift off to sleep. Not one reply received has been negative and everyone from huge national companies to the smallest of businesses has been supportive. The hardest part is finding someone willing to commit money. To date we have two confirmed mountain sponsors – an individual from Wellington who read our article in The DominionPost—and TBfree NZ.

EXPEDITION SPONSORS Aside from finding mountain sponsors we have also had the task of trying to find expedition sponsors. A three-week trip costs a lot of money and after factoring in travel,

accommodation, food, technical equipment purchases/hire (satellite phone etc.) for two people and then everything the support crew need, the budget shows a figure neither of us have! Thankfully this search has been slightly easier with Bivouac Outdoor coming on board from the start followed by the Department of Conservation Nelson Lakes Area Office. These two big supporters have provided resources that have dropped our total figure, but in the end, our successful application for the Sport NZ Hillary Expedition was the crucial component!

MEDIA COVERAGE A huge success story has been the continued media coverage. From the moment The Dominion Post featured a full page article in late September, the interviews haven’t stopped. In the last few months, we’ve been lucky enough to have articles in the The Press, Wilderness magazine, Nelson Mail, Mainland Press, Biv Mail and several other

smaller West Coast-based papers. With more interviews completed in the last two weeks, several other daily newspapers should feature articles shortly. The first local TV station (CTV – Canterbury) aired a three-minute piece and we’ve started discussions with the first radio station. Even an international brand has picked up the scent and is considering an article in their magazine!

WHERE TO FROM HERE AND HOW TO GET INVOLVED The hunt will continue for mountain sponsors until we secure all 21 of them or have to shut the laptop lid and actually do the trip! As we get closer to February expedition planning will start to pick up again and all the pieces to the puzzle will start fitting together – food for at least 21 days, food drops at strategic points (thanks DOC & our support crew), all the gear and equipment needed (thanks Bivouac), transport logistics, accommodation before, during and after the expedition, support crew

movements, the list goes on! We haven’t even mentioned the fitness training you can imagine we’re doing! For more information on this expedition you can follow our progress on FB at www.facebook.com/21peaks21days and for detailed expedition information like maps, sponsors, media articles, photos and much more, have a look at www.underatentfly.wordpress.com. If you are interested in sponsoring a mountain or supporting this expedition in any way, shape or form, contact us at nz.nathan.watson@gmail.com.

Kea on the summit of Avalanche Peak, Arthur's Pass National Park. Watson KI WAHO Photo: ISSUENathan 7 PAGE

YMCA CHRISTCHURCH CELEBRATE 150 YEARS WITH VERVE The YMCA of Christchurch commemorated 150 years of community service this year. As part of the celebrations, a keen contingent of 34 members and eight YMCA staff undertook to walk, run and cycle the 230 km between Kumara, on the West Coast, and Christchurch City in September. What makes this unusual is that the members were all aged between 70 and 90 years old!

“Fellowship. Challenge. Achievement. Fun. That pretty much sums it up.” J ROGER WHITLEY, 71-YEAR-OLD PARTICIPANT.

John Edlin (left) and Lindsay Acker riding up the Otira Gorge.

The participants were part of the YMCA Life Fit programme - a fitness, recreational and social club for men and women over 65 years of age. The programme has been life-changing for many members and this challenge was meant to showcase how far they have come in their journey towards leading healthy lifestyles. Roger Whitley, a 71-year-old who has been involved with the YMCA for 40 years, was an excited participant. When asked what motivates him to undertake such a challenge, he said, “Fellowship. Challenge. Achievement. Fun. That pretty much sums it up.” Roger comes to the YMCA gym six days a week for two hours and also runs every day. Roger ran over 100 km over the two days alongside other Life Fit members and YMCA personal trainer Erin Armstrong.

YMCA Christchurch CEO, Josie Ogden Schroeder said that the coast to coast event was inspired by Robin Judkin’s iconic Coast to Coast event. She says the YMCA’s event was the result of a fortuitous conversation between YMCA gym instructors and the outdoor instructors. “I went along to take pictures and all I could think the whole weekend was that New Zealand is a great country to live in when we have all this at our doorstep and a community and culture that allows everyone to enjoy it. If the Y can break down more barriers to participation in the outdoors, we’ll do it!”

Walkers set off from the Coast to Coast Mountain Race starting point at Kumara Beach.

Walking through forest near Arthurs Pass.

Life Fit participants enjoy the view over Waimakariri on the KI West Coast Road, west 7 of Arthurs Pass. WAHO ISSUE PAGE

UPDATE

›

TARGETED REVIEW OF QUALIFICATIONS (TROQ)

Outdoors New Zealand Safety Review Project Leader Sue Gemmell gives an update of the Targeted Review of Qualifications (TROQ) The Targeted Review of Qualifications was established by the Government, through the NZ Qualifications Authority (NZQA), to focus on reducing the duplication and proliferation of Level 1-6 qualifications. The aim is to ensure the system is easy to understand, particularly for learners and employers. NZQA triggered the review of the Recreation, Sport and Fitness qualifications in March 2012, covering 175 qualifications developed by 36 private training organisations (PTE), institute of technology or polytechnics (ITP), Wānanga and industry training organisations (ITO). A stakeholder hui was held in January 2012, with 50-60 representatives from both the industry and providers. The key outcome was the appointment of a Governance Group to oversee the project. Skills Active was endorsed as the qualification developer and as such is responsible for: Ŕ Planning and conducting the review Ŕ Co-ordinating and communicating with relevant stakeholders Ŕ Liaising with NZQA Ŕ Reporting results of review and recommendations to NZQA

The Governance Group established the following five working groups: Ŕ Outdoor recreation Ŕ Snowsport

All working groups have met and have developed draft qualification maps for each sector. These have been combined into an overall picture of a qualification pathway for the entire Recreation, Sport and Fitness sectors (including Dive and Snowsport).

Ŕ Dive Ŕ Recreation and sport Ŕ Fitness Members of the Outdoor Recreation Working Group are: Ŕ Sue Gemmell, Outdoors New Zealand Ŕ Fiona Mc Donald, Education Outdoors NZ (EONZ) Ŕ Dave Ristchie, Tai Pountini Polytevchnic Ŕ Parone Pirika, Te Waiariki Purea Trust Ŕ Dave Goldsworth, YMCA Ŕ David Mangnall, NZ Outdoor Instructors Association (NZOIA) Ŕ Leonce Jones, Mountain Safety Council (MSC) Ŕ Nick Chater, Waiariki Polytechnic Ŕ Mike Atkinson, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology (CPIT)

This pathway and draft graduate profiles has been presented to the Governance Group for consideration The Governance Group is committed to developing an integrated pathway that allows portability of qualifications across the sector. To achieve this, it has asked that pan-sector groups be set up. The focus of these groups is to reduce overlap between sectors and where possible use areas of overlap to create pathway between the sectors. Working relationships with other ITO (for example ATTTO and NZITO) are also being pursued to ensure links with Recreation, Tourism and Health and Safety. This extra work has resulted in timeline adjustments. It is now expected that the qualification map and graduate profiles will be finalised by mid-December. It is hoped that work will be shared with the sector in late January 2013. For more info please contact Sue Gemmell, Project Leader - Safety Review, at sue@outdoorsnz.org.nz or by calling (04) 385 8287.

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An Eco-Retreat Forest & Bird’s fabulous Ruapehu Lodge is a great venue for a conference or just a wonderful place to take your team. This lodge sleeps 42 and it has a fully kitted out kitchen. There are AV facilities, Wifi and the large dining living area is easily configured for presentations. There is also a second meeting room upstairs. In the middle of the Tongariro National Park its location is unparalleled and inspirational. All members of Outdoors NZ can book for Forest & Bird membership rates.

Check out www.forestandbird.org.nz/ruapehulodge for more info.

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Plan your trip

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Seek local knowledge and plan the route you will take and the amount of time you can reasonably expect it to take.

Challenge yourself within your physical limits and experience.

Tell someone Tell someone your plans and leave a date for when to raise the alarm if you haven’t returned.

Be aware of the weather

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Take sufficient supplies Make sure you have enough food, equipment, clothing and emergency rations for the worst-case scenario. Take an appropriate means of communication.

New Zealand’s weather can be highly unpredictable. Check the forecast and expect changes.

For more information about how you can prepare for your outdoor activity, visit www.adventuresmart.org.nz

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PAGE 92

NEW EDUCATION WEBSITE HELPS KIWI KIDS ACCESS THE OUTDOORS RESPONSIBLY www.bothsidesofthefence.org.nz

The New Zealand Walking Access Commission has recently launched an online learning environment to help teachers engage and educate students about accessing the outdoors responsibly and the value of outdoor access. Named â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Both Sides of the Fenceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; www.bothsidesofthefence.org.nz, PAGE 93

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the website is a free, enquiry-based, digital resource for primary and intermediate school students aged 8-13 years, and their teachers. It features engaging animated video scenarios featuring characters such as Kush the dog and Barry the farmer to teach students about the realities of rural life and responsible access behaviour.

New Zealand Walking Access Commission Chief Executive Mark Neeson said the website would be a valuable resource for groups and individuals in the outdoor community, particularly educators and those teaching children. “The enquiry-based approach helps students come to their own conclusions by considering different viewpoints around outdoor access,” Mr Neeson said. “This differs from resources that tell students how to behave in the outdoors without a background story or context.” Resources for students include a ‘Web Book’, a series of animated ‘Explore’ access-related scenarios, and an ‘In my Region’ image gallery where students can upload photos of outdoor areas of interest to them.

The ‘Explore’ scenarios look at topics including unformed legal roads, dogs in a rural setting, biosecurity risks, fires, and the cultural implications of access across Māori land. “Both Sides of the Fence encourages people to follow the Kiwi way,” Mr Neeson said. “It helps students understand why they should behave in the ways suggested by the Commission’s New Zealand Outdoor Access Code and why different groups have differing values around access.” The New Zealand Outdoor Access Code was developed by the Commission to set out the rights and responsibilities of recreational users and landholders. The code spells out the need for people to behave properly and take responsibility for their actions in the outdoors. It also asks landholders to continue the New Zealand tradition of giving access to people wanting to cross their land, so long as those people are respectful.

THE SCENARIOS UNLEASHED Kush the dog is restricted from accessing a track down to a beach he often enjoys with his owner. Students find out why he has been stopped and are encouraged to think about possible solutions.

FRUITFUL DISCUSSIONS A locked gate and ‘No Access’ sign stops Alice from walking across an orchard to the cliffs. She has enjoyed the walk for years but can’t go there anymore. Students discover why and are encouraged to think of alternative solutions.

Both Sides of the Fence was developed by education resource provider Learning Media (the producers of the School Journal) and digital experts CWA New Media. It aligns with Social Sciences and English-learning areas of the school curriculum and contains lesson plans for teachers with information about how to make the most of the resources in the classroom. It is also a valuable resource for anybody involved in education outside the classroom. The Commission is considering adding additional scenarios to Both Sides of the Fence in the future and is inviting other organisations with an interest in the outdoors to harness the site to present their own access-related scenarios. Anybody interested in discussing further resources on the site is welcome to contact James Heffield at the New Zealand Walking Access Commission by email at james.heffield@walkingaccess.govt.nz, or by phone on (04) 815 8513.

PUBLIC LAND Kate finds out about unformed legal roads and the rights of access they offer.

TREADING SOFTLY Andy learns about some of the important cultural protocols when seeking access across Māori land.

SPARKING DEBATE Sam and his dad are asked by a farmer to put out a fire at their camp. Students find out why and are encouraged to think of possible solutions that would be agreeable to both the farmer and the campers.

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The Sixth International Outdoor Education Research Conference is being held at Otago University from the 26-29 November 2013. The aim of the conference is to continue to build and develop an international community of researchers whose work critically examines outdoor education theory and practice. This is a truly international conference with outdoor education researchers from Europe, North America, Asia and Australasia sharing their latest research. Continuing in the tradition of the previous conferences, the aim of this conference is to build on the critical dimensions of research and theorising in diverse outdoor traditions including education, recreation and therapy. A particular focus of this conference is to look to the future faces of research in the outdoor sector. Questions to be addressed include:

FUTURE FACES: OUTDOOR EDUCATION RESEARCH Ŕ What research questions or themes are currently not adequately addressed in the field INNOVATIONS AND VISIONS Ŕ Which methodological and theoretical approaches to research could contribute to keeping the field vibrant and relevant Ŕ Are there key research priorities for outdoor education Ŕ How do researchers engage with contemporary issues? Ŕ As is the history of this conference, the papers will be diverse and come from a wide range of perspectives. There will also be forums to explore specific research-related issues through an international lens. It would not be an outdoor education conference without some time outside. A half day of activities will be organised to allow delegates to explore Dunedin and the surrounding environments and foster further discussion in different contexts.

CALL FOR PAPERS

Please provide: Ŕ A title

Abstracts for papers and posters are now being accepted for the The Sixth International Outdoor Education Research Conference. Papers and posters from various disciplinary angles across a variety of themes are welcome from researchers and graduate students. Papers with a focus on research methodology or pointing to new innovations and directions in outdoor education research are particularly welcome.

Ŕ A 200-word abstract Ŕ Brief biographical information including institutional affiliation and contact details Ŕ Please mark clearly if you are proposing a paper or a poster Please forward abstracts to Dr Robyn Zink at outdoor.conference@ otago.ac.nz before the 1 May 2013 deadline. We look forward to seeing you that the Future faces conference in Dunedin – 26-29 November 2013. Further information can be found at www.otago.ac.nz/ioerc2013/ or by emailing Dr Robyn Zink at outdoor.conference@otago.ac.nz.

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LEADER QUALIFICATIONS the first step to a career in Outdoor Leadership The following tertiary institutions are currently registerd as NZOIA Assessment Centres and can deliver NZOIA qualifications:

Photo: Otago Polytechnic

Otago / Aoraki / CPIT / Tai Poutini / Whitireia North Tec / SEHOPC / NMIT / AUT University

Leader Qualifications are the first step in the pathway to achieving Instructor, Guide, and Senior Instructor qualifications. Leader Qualifications can be gained in a number of ways: /

Applying to NZOIA scheduled assessment courses.

In an NZOIA approved workplace.

Through a tertiary education programme, providing an opportunity for students to get nationally recognized industry qualifications during a course of study.

A qualified Leader may work independently in low technical terrain under the guidance of a more qualified and experienced person within an organisationsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; safety management system. Leader qualifications are a first step in the pathway for qualifications in Bush, Rock Climbing, Kayaking and Sea Kayaking. NZOIA is the professional body for outdoor instructors, leaders and guides in all sectors of the outdoor community â&#x20AC;&#x201C; setting standards and representing members at a national level. Our qualifications are recognised as the benchmark of accepted best practice in NZ, and are well regarded overseas.

The following Polytechnics are currently registered as NZOIAPh The 03 539 0509

NZOIA TM

Excellence in Outdoor Leadership E-mail admin@nzoia.org.nz

Website www.nzoia.org.nz

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PARTING SHOT

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Cody Sweets of Albany Senior High School drops in

www.bigfootadventures.co.nz

during an epic surf session with Bigfoot Adventures

OutdoorsMark certified 1st July, 2010

at Omaha Beach.

Photo: Karen Stimpson

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Home to the: KI WAHO ISSUE 7

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