history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
m i i l s d a d l n a l d me s i c c a a g p & e e s s history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
western expansion of islam : spain - THE ALHAMBRA, GRANADA
A ORIGINAL ENTRANCE B FIRST COURT C COURT OF MACHUCO D MEXUAR E COURT OF CUARTO DORADO F COURT OF MYRTLES G HALL OF THE AMBASSADORS H COURT OF THE LIONS I HALL OF THE MOCARABES J HALL OF JUSTICE K CHAMBER OF THE TWO SISTERS L HALL OF THE ABENCERRAGES M COURT OF THE SCREEN N GARDEN OF DARAXA O PALACE OF CHARLES V
the fortress place of alhambra: Alhambra is a delicate composition of spaces whose relationship is particular to islam. There is a tint of a roman sense, unified plan for the muslim, symmetry of a commanding scale would appear arrogant and displeasing to allah. fortress of alhambra, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 44
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
western expansion of islam : spain - the alhambra
(left) the court of myrtles, used in conjunction with the halls of the ambassadors. (top) the sense of interweaving space is given by the windows where it looks out from the hall of ambassdors. the alhambra, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 44
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
MIDDLE AGES: farmsteads, one street village, mikalajunai, lithuania
one street village with farmsteads from the sixteenth century, aukstaitija, lithuana, - the easiest way to layout the town in grids, “utilitarian style� mikalajunai one street village, aukstaitija, lithuania.
farmsteads in mikalajunai one street village dating. 16th century, aukstaitija, lithuania. source: K Seselgis, lietuviu liaudies architecturos paminklai vt., 1998
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
MIDDLE AGES in europe - st gall, switzerland
under western monasticism, (by st benedict) the ideal planning and order was still applied to the enclosed community. (above) is the sketch of st gall, switzerland is one example of the planning and order. in the centre, there is a cloister garden for perambulation & contemplate. (left) modernised plan of st gall, (right) monte cassino, st benedict’s monastery.
st gall, switzerland, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 142
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
MIDDLE AGES in europe - rievaulx abbey, yorkshire
rievaulx abbey was founded in 1131 that followed the orthodox pattern. the cistercians became successful farmers whom introduce improvements in agricultural methods. design of a river was changed due to agricultural reasons, and not of aesthetic purposes. rivvaulx abbey, yorkshire, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 143
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
MIDDLE AGES in europe - rievaulx abbey, yorkshire
this is a view showing ruin transcept within the arc of the wooded hillside. the composition and adaptation to local climate and topography which inspore the english school of landscape design in eighteenth century. rivvaulx abbey, yorkshire, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 143
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
THE MIDDLE AGES IN EUROPE
(LEFT) THE ROMAN DE LA ROSE DEPICTS A GARDEN CLOSED UP WITH HIGH WALL, THE MEDIEVAL IDEAL. (TOP) SHOWS THE KNOT PATTERNS ABD MAZE OF THE TOPIARY HEDGES
jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 146
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
THE MIDDLE AGES IN EUROPE - THE BINGHAM’S MELCOMBE, DORSET
A MANOR B FISHPONDS C MILL POND D CHURCH E FARM F RIVER G HANGING WOODS H HILLSIDE BETWEEN THE MEDIEVALISM & RENAISSANCE, TUDOR ENGLAND DESIGNED LANDSCAPE ART THAT ARE BOTH INDIGENOUS AND INTUITIVE. (LEFT) PLAN SHOWS THE COMPOSTION WITH THE SURROUNDING HILLS.
bingham melcombe, dorset, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 147
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
f r e n c h
r e l n a a n i d s s s c a a n p c e e s
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
FRENCH RENAISSANCE, 16 & 17 CENTURY : RETURN OF CHARLES VIII
RENAISSANCE IN FRANCE BEGAN WITH THE RETURN OF CHARLES Viii (1483-1498) FROM ITALY IN 1496 BY BRINGING ARCHITECTS, SCULPTORS TO HIS BIRTH PLACE AT (LEFT) AMBOISE WHICH HAS A BLEND OF ROMANTICIZED INDIGENURS GOTHIS ARCHITECTURE, SLOWLY MATURING CLASSICISM. (RIGHT) BLOIS, THE BIRTH PLACE OF LOUIS XII, STILL MEDIEVAL ACCORDING TO THEIR SIZE AND INDEPENDENCE FROM THE HOUSE.
amboise and blois, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 180
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
FRENCH RENAISSANCE, 16 & 17 CENTURY : VAUX-LE-VICOMTE
VAUX- LE - VICOMTE COMPLETED 1661 FOR FOUQUET, FINANCE MINISTER OF LOUSIS XIV, THE FIRST MAJOR WORK OF ANDRE LE NOTRE. FROM THE PLAN (LEFT) AND BIRD EYE VIEW (TOP) SHOWS THAT ARCHITECTURE WAS SECONDARY TO THE LANDSCAPE. design was non symmetrical but with strong geometric lines. pathways were broaden and element of surprise created by differnt views vaux le vicomte, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 183
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
FRENCH RENAISSANCE, 16 & 17 CENTURY : VERSAILLES BY LE NOTRE
(ABOVE) VERSAILLIES PLAN, 1746 MADE BY ABBE DEKAGRIVE, COMPLETED BY LE NOTRE BEFORE 1700 versailles plan 1746, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 187
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
FRENCH RENAISSANCE, 16 & 17 CENTURY : VERSAILLES BY LE NOTRE
(above) infinity view from the palace of versailles. the shape is defined by the trees and sculpture versailles, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 188
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
FRENCH RENAISSANCE, 16 & 17 CENTURY : VERSAILLES
(LEFT) PAINTING BY J.B. MARTIN DEPICTING LE NOTRE’S WATER DESIGN, INSPIRED BY BAROQUE. (TOP) AN IMAGE OF A DRAGON FOUNTAIN.
versailles, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 188
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
l a n d s c a p e
r e f o r m
& history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
LANDSCAPE & REFORM (left) matrix of plant symbols in loudon arboretum et fruiticetum britannicum (1838)shows the habit of tres and shrubs, drawing of trees and shrubs have been developed ever since. (left) shows the industrial revolution impacting on garden and horticulture. loudon’s gardeners magazine p35
matrix of plant symbols by loudon . 1838, the oxford companion to australian gardens p 378
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
LANDSCAPE & REFORM: PARTERRE AT FORTIS GREEN, W E NESTIFIED’S HOUSE
THIS IS A FLOWER GARDEN paterre in form, INTEGRATED WITH THE HOUSE GARDEN THROUGH SCENT AND FLORAL AND SCENT. THE FLORAL GARDEN IS ADJACENT TO LIVING ROOM, LIBRARY OR DRAWING ROOM AS SEEN ON THE DRAWING OF A PLAN.
plan of house and parterre of fortis green, we nesfield house. extract from loudon’s gardeners magazine, 1840
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
c hl i a nn e d s s e c a p e s history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
chinese landscapes
chinese architecture can be understood by the sixteenth-century painting of dreaming of immortality in a thatched cottage, as shown on the drawing above. the immortal and chinese art creates a distance between the visible and invisible. architecture has evolved into paining and writing. a character of a tree evolves into a diagram of a park and became a development of a building technique.
china, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 72
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
chinese landscapes: HANGCHOW
A CHI’EN-TANG ESTUARY B WEST LAKE C CITY WALL C1 OLD CITY WALL D TIDAL BASIN e MOAT AND FLOOD RELIEF F SEA-WATER TOWN CANALS G FRESH-WATER CANALS G1 SOURCE OF FRESH WATER H WATER EXIT I ALTAR OF HEAVEN J PALACE K MOUNTAINS
A MAIN HALL B GARDEN HALL C LIVING ROOM D BEDROOM E KITCHEN F POOL & PAVILLION G ROCK LANDSCAPE H GARDENS
HANGCHOW, THE CAPITAL OF CHINA UNDER THE SUNG DYNASTY BETWEEN THE 1127 AND 1291. PLAN (LEFT) SHOWS THE SITE SITUATED AMONGST HILLS AND MILE-WIDE TIDAL WATERS OF CH’IEN -T’ANG ESTUARy, THE CITY WAS DEPENDENT ON AN ELABORATE WATER DESIGN THAT SEPARATE FRESH WATER AND THE SEA. (top) the plan of a medium sized house sjpws a typical house with gardens. china, hangchow jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 76
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
chinese landscapes: HANG CHOW, WEST LAKE
WEST LAKE IS AN ARTIFICIAL LAKE WHICH IS MADE IN THE SEVENTH CENTURY AD AS WHEN THE CITY WAS FOUNDED, WAS FRESH-WATER-FED FROM THE MOUNTAINS; AND THE TWO SYSTEMS HAD TO BE APART. china, hangchow jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 77
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
chinese landscapes: PEKING, transition of the mongol city peking was sited on a flat wet land. (left) the earliest symbolic square town followed by the new city of kubla khan was built in the hunting park (centre), (right) shows the addition of the altar of heaven.
peking. the pre-mongol city a site of the earliest city, twelfth century bc b park and summer palace, chin dynasty ad 1115=1234 c liao dynasty city ad 907-1114 x coal hill
peking. the mongol city a mongol city ( 1279- 1367) b inner city c old liao city x coal hill
peking. the ming city a mongol city as reduced c.ad 1409 b imperial palace d south extention e altar of heaven f abandoned area x coal hill
china, peking, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 78
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
chinese landscapes: peking (bottom) shows tge view from coal hill over the imperial palace of kubla khan which shows the symmetry without the axis of western planning. (right) shows the altar of heaven built by ming in 1420, showing the symbolic relationship between the heavenly circle and earthly square. priority of the design is mainly domestic
the altar of heaven, peking a altar of heaven b imperial lofty theatre c temple of heaven d palace of fasting
china, peking, jellicoe J and jellicoe S, landscape of man, page 80, 81
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
m ol da e n r d ns c a p e s history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
modern landscapes,
by burle marx Praca Senador Salgado Filoho Location: Santos Dumont airport, rio janeiro Architecture: marcelo, Milton and Mauricio Roberto
Situated in front of Santos Dumont airport, these gardens are in burle marx’s undulating and organic style of the late 1930s and 1940s. the plan is simple yet clearly shows the spaces. The park features a lake with aquatic plants with large stones between palm trees and mainly native vegetation where it is grouped by species.
Schwartz, M, burle marx, the lyrical landscape. page 63,64 4
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
modern landscapes : aptos, california, U.S.A
thomas church and associates, 1948; harvey p. clarke, architect
a modern weekend house, designed for summer. materials used are mostly decking (redwood), sand and sun loving plant with an ice plant, mesembryanthemum edule which covers most on the ground. simple lines that flow through the site with no geometric axis or whatsoever. simple, clean and modern especially with the fusion of hardscape and softscape materials, shephard, p, modern gardens, page 48.49
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0
bibiliography Middle Ages and Islamic Landscape Jellicoe, G, and Jellicoe, S, 1987, The Landscape of Man, Shaping the Environment from Prehistory to the Present Day. Chapter 13. K. Seselgis., 1998, Lietuviu Liaudies Architecture Paminklai VT. French Renaissance Jellicoe, G, and Jellicoe, S, 1987, The Landscape of Man, Shaping the Environment from Prehistory to the Present Day. France: Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Chapter 16. Brix, Michael, 2004, The Baroque Landscape Andre Le Notre & Vaux le Vicomre, New York. on LMS and Reserve. Landscape and Reform Sagniga, A. 2012, Semester 2, Week 5 Landscape Gardening, Landscape Reform, Repton & Loudon. on LMS and Reserve. Chinese Landscapes Jellicoe, G, and Jellicoe, S, 1987, The Landscape of Man, Shaping the Environment from Prehistory to the Present Day. Chinese, Chapter 7 Modern Landscapes Schwartz, M, translated Wright, a., 2001, Burle Marx, The Lyrical Landscape. page 64, 65 Shepard, P., 1954 Modern Gardens. page 48, 49,
history of designed landscape | sketch book |ng yan fang ruth | 5 5 8 2 4 0