Annexures

Revivifying Course: Envisioning The City Through An Urban Water Channel

Annexure

1 Joint Inspection Status for Kharicut Canal by CPCB &GPCB

The location K1 of the Kharicut Canal is considered as upstream location, at location K4 the Kharicut canal meets the path of Khari River (during visit no flow in River Khari upstream before the confluence point of Kharicut Canal was observed), the location of Khari River at Lali Village is considered as downstream for the present study of the stretch.

Source : JOINT UPDATED STATUS OF KHARI RIVER AND KHARICUT CANAL IN GUJARAT.

Water and Sanitation Studio 2020 |Stormwater Sector 22

2 Case Study| Nature Based Solutions: A Key to Resilient Infrastructure

Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park, Singapore

Decades ago, Singapore channelized the Kallang River into a concrete canal bordered by fences to control stormwater and flooding. This channel served as a symbolic and literal dividing line between the adjacent residential neighborhoods.

When the canal needed repairs, the Public Utilities Board (Singapore’s national water agency) faced a choice. They could rebuild the existing concrete channel or consider “naturalizing” the river ‒ restoring the riverbed to its natural floodplain.

Kallang channel along the edge of the park, works were carried out to transform the utilitarian concrete channel into a naturalised river, creating new spaces for the community to enjoy.

This project is part of the Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters (ABC Waters) Programme, a long-term initiative to transform the country’s water bodies beyond their functions of drainage and water supply, into vibrant, new spaces for community bonding and recreation.

2.7 km long straight concrete drainage channel has been restored into a sinuous, natural river 3.2 km long, that meanders through the park

Source : The City Fix

23 Master of Urban Infrastructure 2019-21

Revivifying Course: Envisioning The City Through An Urban Water Channel

Cheonggyecheon Stream, Seoul, Korea

The Cheonggyecheon Canal Project is a part of the ambitious waterway redevelopment effort by the city of Seoul to restore this highly polluted and covered waterway with the demolition of nearly four miles of at grade and elevated highway infrastructure that divided the city. Skeptics warned that highway removal would cause increased traffic congestion. In reality, though, traffic levels have fallen as the result of expanded bus and rail service, restrictions on cars, and higher parking fees. The new canal design includes high levee walls that can accommodate a 100- year flood, protecting surrounding buildings during the monsoon season. In terms of environmental benefits, the seven miles of restored stream has created habitat for numerous species of wildlife.

Seoul peels back concrete to let a stream run freely once again

Source : landscapeperformance.org

Water and Sanitation Studio 2020 |Stormwater Sector 24

25 Master of Urban Infrastructure 2019-21

Source : The City Fix

Revivifying Course: Envisioning The City Through An Urban Water Channel

3 Global Concepts and Good Practices

WSUD Principles

The essential principles for WSUD application in the context of a water sensitive city are illustrated in the Figure. This figure shows that all elements of the water cycle and their interconnections are considered concurrently to achieve an outcome that sustains a healthy natural environment while meeting human needs, and that planning and design processes are considered at various levels (i.e. towns, cities, places) seeking to achieve the expectations and aspirations from design.

Figure : Components of water sensitive urban design Source : Flood Resilience in Water Sensitive Cities

WSUD is the integration of urban planning with the management, protection and conservation of the urban water cycle that ensures that urban water management is sensitive to natural hydrological and ecological processes. Conventional urban development has a significant impact on the natural environment by altering the water cycle and conveying stormwater pollution to waterbodies.

Figure : WSUD & Integrated Water Cycle Management Source : newwaterways.org

Water and Sanitation Studio 2020 |Stormwater Sector 26

Gowanus Lowlands Draft Masterplan (Stormwater and Sewage)

An integrated water management plan, with techniques, design details, capital projects and funding mechanisms to address increased sewage from new development, with the goals of a net zero gain in combined sewage overflow events.

Source : Gowanus Lowlands Master Plan

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Storm water was channelised into Kharicut Canal Storm water was channelised into Kharicut Canal and residential and industrial units, by making and residential and industrial units, by making illegal breaches/puncture into the wall of the illegal breaches/puncture into the wall of the canal, dispose of storm water as well as Revivifying Course: Envisioning The City Through An Urban Water Channel canal, dispose of storm water as well as sewerage drainage sewerage drainage

4 Content Analysis

Storm water was channelised into Kharicut Canal Construction Of Rcc Box Along The Existing Alignment and residential and industrial units, by making Of Gota- Godhavi Canal Drain Including Earthwork, illegal breaches/puncture into the wall of the Remoulding Existing Structure, Inlet Structure And canal, dispose of storm water as well as Percolation Wells. sewerage drainage

The new project will ensure pure water and an The new project will ensure pure water and an unpolluted city under Sujalam Sufalam Jal Abhiyan unpolluted city under 2018. Sujalam Sufalam Jal Abhiyan 2018. Intervention to ensure implementation of high court With the advent of urbanization and industrialization, this place became a hot-spot for garbage accumulation, and industrial chemical waste accumulation. Intervention to ensure implementation of high court order to control pollution in GIDC estates in Ahmedabad and clean up the Kharikut canal constructed for the purpose of irrigation With the advent of urbanization and industrialization, this place became a hot-spot for garbage accumulation, and industrial chemical waste accumulation. Article 48-A Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests order to control pollution in GIDC estates in Ahmedabad and clean up the Kharikut canal constructed for the purpose of irrigation Major project is work on Gota-Godhavi Canal, for which Rs 15 crore is set aside. Two sports complexes will come up at a cost Rs 5 crore, one each in east and west areas, while Rs 7.88 crore will be spent on parks and gardens. Article 48-A and wild life. Protection and improvement ofArticle 51-A (G) environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life. It shall be the responsibility of each citizen of India to protect and improve The new project will ensure pure water and an Article 51-A (G) It shall be the responsibility of each citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild have compassion for living creatures. life, and to unpolluted city under the natural environment including Sujalam Sufalamforests, lakes, rivers and Jal Abhiyan wild life, and to 2018.have compassion for living creatures.

With the advent of urbanization and industrialization, this place became a hot-spot for garbage accumulation, and industrial chemical waste accumulation. Intervention to ensure implementation of high court order to control pollution in GIDC estates in Ahmedabad and clean up the Kharikut canal constructed for the purpose of irrigation

Article 48-A

Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life.

Article 51-A (G)

It shall be the responsibility of each citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Sabarmati no longer has any fresh water Construction Of Rcc when it enters Ahmedabad. The riverfront is Box Along The Existing Alignment merely a pool of polluted stagnant water; Of Gota- Godhavi downstream it has been reduced to a Canal Drain Including Earthwork, channel carrying effluents from industries Remoulding Existing Structure, Inlet Structure And Percolation Wells. located in Naroda, Odhav Vatva and Narol areas besides sewerage from the city.

Development of riverfront and landing a seaplane on Sabarmati are cosmetic exercises. A river is identified by its clean flowing water. In this case a very large number of people are dependent on the river. It is supposed to be the lifeline of the city, but right now it is life threatening with its low oxygen levels.

Godhavi Canal, for which Rs 15 crore is set aside. Two sports complexes will come up at a cost Rs 5 crore, one each in east and west areas, while Rs 7.88 crore will be spent on parks and gardens.

The Mega Pipeline runs through the city and is, according to some, illegally attached to private industrial waste water pipes along the way. The water streams out forcefully into the river 24 hours per day. Farming further downstream along the riverbed

The land area occupied by such farms has shrunk to 220 hectares from 260 hectares and the arrangement between the AMC and the farmers has changed from leasehold to ownership, these farms continue to use wastewater (likely mixed with other toxic pollutants) from the river for farming.

Source: TOI, DNA, veditum.org, downtoearth.org

Water and Sanitation Studio 2020 |Stormwater Sector 28

Panchal Vivek ABOUT THE STUDIO

Infrastructure project studio will focus on Water-Sanitation system. Often the absence of a comprehensive city wide plan and an inadequate understanding or attention to cross-sectoral issues in water and sanitation, results in poor project formulation. This studio focuses on developing integrated infrastructure projects for stormwater, water, sanitation and solid waste management for Ahmedabad city and its immediate periphery. Infrastructure development activities for these sectors whether in the public or private domain, involves plan preparation, project formulation and implementation. This is accompanied by appropriate technical and financial analysis and leads to the selection of feasible projects.

ABOUT THE SECTOR

In earlier times, stormwater in the cities had natural pathways to eventually find its way to discharge points or underground. With the rapid urbanisation and development, stormwater has started appearing as a concern and hence requires management. Ahmedabad witnesses problems of waterlogging, flash floods, with minimal groundwater recharge every time it rains. The city assessment was an effort to understand the concerns in detail and there the very origin which is addressed through our study.

ABOUT THE PROJECT

Urbanization has adversely affected the natural drainage pattern of the city too, which results in more water-logged areas and periodic flooding. Besides the increased spatial stormwater coverage, the drainage channels experience negative consequences of urbanization, also evident through pollution of stormwater runoff, mixed sewers, and mismanagement of solid waste. As a consequence, the management of urban runoff not only mitigates the presence of natural drains but also reduces the stress on water resources through a sustainable approach. The project thought represents the challenges and opportunities for stormwater management practices along the course of an urban water channel (Kharicut canal) in the age of planning smart cities.