Should I Send My Child to Preschool?

Starting between the ages of 2½ and 3, you will have the option of placing your child in preschool. Some parents may ask, “Why preschool? Isn’t my child learning enough at home or with a caregiver?” Of course nothing takes the place of a nurturing and loving home, and no one is more important to children than their parents. But research shows that kids who attend quality preschool have higher math and reading skills, are better prepared for kindergarten, behave better in class, and are more likely to graduate from high school and go to college.

When considering preschool education, think about these benefits.

A preschool experience:

• empowers children to think, explore, question, wonder and learn how to learn • supports children’s intellectual and language development and communication skills • offers children consistent, experienced, qualified educators to support their learning and development • improves children’s ability to think, problem solve and reason as they enter school, enabling them to learn more in the early grades • develops social and emotional maturity and the ability to relate well to peers and adults, solve conflicts, play co-operatively and be assertive • provides a solid platform for life-long learning and education • guides children to gain independence, self esteem and self confidence, empowering their learning

• helps children have a greater understanding of the world around them • encourages children to be independent learners and to take an active role in their learning • supports children to play co-operatively together and learn from their experiences

A preschool experience empowers children to think, explore, question, wonder and learn how to learn.

• enables children and families the opportunity to belong, to be part of a community, and connect with others.

Preschools are:

• fun places to be, with varied, exciting experiences planned to meet the needs and interests of children • a context to build social connections between families and the community • a source of professional information that supports parenting • resources which give lots of opportunities for parent education • a gradual transition from home to more formal educational environments • a warm, caring, friendly environment, led by qualified, experienced and dedicated staff • places that nurture creativity, thinking and social skills, enabling children to develop a love of learning. 

The Search for the Best Preschool for Your Child

Contrary to what you might have heard, choosing the right preschool for your child is not as difficult as applying for an advanced degree. The key to choosing the right preschool is going into the process prepared. Prepared? Yes, prepared with a solid idea of what you want your child to gain from his or her preschool experience. We offer helpful suggestions for choosing a preschool that is a good match for your child and your family, as well as information on some of the most popular types of preschool educational philosophies. In addition, you’ll find checklists that you can use when visiting and comparing preschool settings in your area.

Think about the Basics

The best way to keep from becoming overwhelmed by the process of choosing a preschool is to think about how the preschool will fit into your daily life. Here are some questions parents should consider: • Is it important for the preschool to be near my home? • Is it important for the preschool to be near my workplace? • Is it important for the preschool to offer childcare services in the morning, afternoon, or both? • Are you looking for a play-based classroom or a more academic setting? • Am I eligible for or interested in subsidized preschool programs (i.e. Early Head Start, Child Welfare League of America or state-funded programming) that offer services such as childcare programs with a focus on providing educational opportunities? Answering each of these questions will help you narrow down the general location and type of setting you should research. Narrowing down your choices will make the process of comparing settings easier to manage.

Become Familiar with Common Terms

For many parents, the most confusing part about choosing preschools is trying to make sense of terms such as, “Montessori Approach,” “child-centered,” “Waldorf Approach” and “faith-based.” What do these terms mean and how can these terms help you choose a preschool? Oftentimes, the key difference between settings is connected to the preschool’s “educational philosophy.” While educational philosophies are numerous and their definitions are not set in stone, we have provided you with definitions for some of the most popular philosophies.

Play-Based or Child-Centered

In a play-based program, children choose activities based on their current interests. The classroom is broken up into sections, such as home or kitchen, science area, water table, reading nook, etc. Teachers encourage the kids to play, facilitating social skills along the way.

Academic Based

Academic or skills-based programs are teacher directed and can be very structured and routine oriented. Teachers extensively plan activities for the children in their classes and guide the children in learning.

Montessori Method

Focuses on maintaining the individuality of each child in the learning process. This method believes each child learns at their own pace and educational progress should not be rendered based upon comparing students to one another.

Reggio Emilia Approach

This approach focuses on providing opportunities for problem solving and expression through creativity and exploration.

Waldorf Approach

Emphasis is placed on imagination and experiential learning, providing students with opportunities to explore their world through the senses, participation and analytical thought.

Bank Street Approach

This approach places an emphasis on learning through multiple perspectives, both in the classroom setting and in the natural world with a strong focus on emotional learning and intellectual development.

High/Scope Approach

This approach focuses on letting children be in charge of their own learning. Children are taught to make a plan for what they would like to do each day and participate in a review session to discuss the success of their plan and brainstorm ideas for the next day.

Other Terms

Outside of the formal educational philosophies, knowing the difference between other common early childhood terms will help you make informed decisions regarding your child’s education. Below is a list of some common terms used to describe preschool settings. It should be noted that these terms may be used alone or in combination with one another (i.e. a “child-centered, faith-based” setting).

Teacher-led

The opposite of a child-centered setting is a teacher-led setting. Teacher-led often means that curriculum and supplemental activities are implemented based on a set schedule developed by the teachers in the setting. This type of setting usually provides children with a structured learning environment.

Child-led

These settings believe children learn best when they are engaged and interested in learning. Child-led settings wait for each child to initiate or ask for new activities and experiences, fostering individualized learning experiences rather than group experiences.

Faith-based

This term is used to describe preschool programs that are run through faith organizations such as churches or synagogues, according to their faith’s philosophies.

Co-operative

These settings often ask parents and families to assist in the running of the preschool. Parents and family members may build community by signing up to volunteer during the week, or by assisting in the dayto-day management of the preschool as well as helping with advertising, upkeep and fundraising.

Developmentally Appropriate

This term means the preschool plans the curriculum and activities based on activities that are appropriate for the age of the children in the class.

Pre-kindergarten (pre-K)

Sometimes this term is used interchangeably with preschool. In general, a pre-K program is one that has children enrolled in the year before kindergarten, usually at age four. These settings are often more structured than traditional preschool settings.

Transitional Kindergarten (TK)

Transitional Kindergarten is a school grade that serves as a bridge netween preschool and kindergarten, functioning to provide students with time to develop fundamental skills needed for success in school.

The Research

The Search for the Best Preschool for Your Child cont’d.

are interested in researching and have a good idea of what type of philosophy would best suit your child, here are a few things you can do to help narrow down your options: Reach out to other parents: Ask your friends, your neighbors, your pediatrician, your older child’s teacher - ask people you trust for recommendations for quality settings in your area. Be mindful to note the name of the setting and what struck this person as important to mention (low student teacher ratio, close to home, child is excited to arrive, etc.). And, the best question to ask is, “What advice do you wish you had received before choosing your child’s preschool?” Most parents will be happy to offer their insight and advice. Go to the internet: You might be surprised to learn that your community has an active preschool networking community, a great place to tap into useful advice and resources. Or, you can use the internet to search the names of settings to find out if they have any “red flags” like numerous complaints from parents, health or safety violations, or other noteworthy issues. The Bananas and 4C’s of Alameda County and the Contra Costa Child Care Council websites offer a wealth of information for parents seeking information. The best ways to find preschool programs are to attend preschool fairs, get recommendations from fellow parents and scope out programs located close to home or work.

The Visit

Now that you have narrowed down your choices and come up with two or three settings you are interested in, schedule a time to visit each setting. You can learn a lot about a setting by the way staff approach introductory visits with you and your child. During your

visit ask yourself the following questions: Do I feel welcome here? Does my child seem interested in what they have to offer? Do the children in the setting seem happy? How do the adults and children interact? Is the setting clean and safe? You should also come to the visit prepared with questions. Some of the basic questions parents ask are: What is the turnover rate for staff members? What percentage of the staff hold degrees in early childhood? How does the setting handle discipline? What are the safety procedures for picking up and dropping off children? Are they modified to reflect current safety standards? Is the setting accredited? What are the payment options and procedures? Some parents feel more comfortable going to the visit with a checklist of questions they would like answered. We offer an even more in depth list on page 20. Parents should not feel like they need to ask every question on the checklist, however, using a checklist is a great way to make note of your observations during the visit so you can compare settings afterward. 

How to Find the Perfect Preschool

Your 7 Step Approach

1. Start Early. It takes time to research different styles of preschools and become familiar with common terms used in preschools. Many parents start this process a year ahead of time, some parents even start while pregnant! Children usually attend preschool for two to three years between the ages of 2.5 and 5 years.

2. Determine what criteria is most important for your child and family. Is it location, faith, type of program offered, language immersion, specialneeds options, year round program, extended hours, cost? What are the most important factors and options? Rate these so you have a clear picture of where and what programs to focus on and what is the best fit for your child. 3. Utilize local parenting resources. Local parenting magazines, like Parents’ Press, offer lots of preschool information and open house announcements. These will help you to become familiar with what preschools are available in your area and the program options being offered to help with your selection process. Visit school websites that look interesting to find out admissions information. More information can also be found at www.PreschoolsBayArea.com

4. Askaround. Talk to other parents in your area to see what programs they were part of, and if they would recommend them. Find out what they liked most and least about the school. How long did their child attend? Did they experience any teacher turnover? What was the culture like? How did they handle sick days, potty training and behaviorial issues? How involved were the parents in the school? Are the parents and children still in contact with others from the preschool? 5. Tour top choices. Arrange to take a tour or go to an open house, if available, to learn about the school philosophy and the admissions process. Most schools prefer for you to pre-register for these. Have your list of questions ready (see page 20 for Questions to Ask) and observe. Look for signs that the preschool is well run. Also, this is a time that the preschool uses to determine which families will be a good fit for their program. 6. Contact the preschool. Before you apply, find out the preschool’s admissions schedule and how many openings they will have and how many spots will be reserved for siblings of families already enrolled. If you are concerned that your top choice or choices have way more applicants than spots it would be a wise idea to apply to more than one preschool even though there may be an application fee.

7. Apply to your top choice. You have done your research, established your criteria and taken the tour, now is time to apply to your top choice. Some preschools have ongoing enrollment but most follow the school year format. Acceptance letters go out in the spring for the following fall. Find out from the preschool when you can expect to hear from them, one way or another. It is okay to be persistent and let them know you and your family are interested, but don’t be a pest. If your child is waitlisted get specifics from the preschool. What number on the wait list is your child and does the preschool have a commitment from all returning families? If the school is accepting a total of 15 new children and you are way down on the wait list, it is time to consider another option. 

How to Find the Perfect Preschool

The Site Visit Be prepared with this short question checklist before you step foot into the school

1. First Impressions. Is the preschool clean, organized and does it have a good feeling about it? Is the staff friendly, and are the teachers in control of the classroom? Inside, are there play areas? Are toys and books in good shape and organized? Outside is there enough room? Are there play areas and toys for all of the kids? Does the preschool feel safe inside and out? Are safetly protocals being followed? Does the preschool feel like a place your child can thrive in?

2. The Basics. What are the start and end times for the core program? If extended care is available, who manages this, and where is it held? What is the daily schedule and is there a different holiday schedule? Are lunch and snacks provided? If not, is refrigeration available? Is the bathroom safe and centrally located with toddler sized facilities? What are the sick policies? Is the facility up to code? What are the emergency protocols? Have the teachers been trained in CPR, first aid and infection control?

3. Teachers and Staff. Is there enough supervision? Does the teacher-child ratio match or exceed standards? Teacher turnover? What experience do the teachers have and how long have they been teaching at this school? How were they trained? Do the teachers seem happy? How is their interaction with the children? How do they balance the different needs of the children? Do they have a specific approach for teaching social-emotional skills? How do they communicate with the family on concerns? How often are parent-teacher conferences held? 4. Learning Environment. Are the children doing the same project or do the children work independently? Are there a variety of learning materials in which children can explore their interests and learn new skills? Is there a focus on reading? How do children decide what to do, when to do it and with whom? What support do teachers provide when a child gets stuck on a project? How are children motivated to participate? How are holidays integrated into the learning experience? 5. Family Involvement. How involved are the families in the day-to-day operations of the preschool? What opportunities or organized events are available to meet other families during the school year? Are there required volunteer hours or monetary commitments beyond the tuition? Are there fundraising events and what is the money raised used for? Are there opportunities for classroom observation? How do family members participate in celebrations?

6. Visit Final Impression. Do you feel this preschool is a great fit for your child? Did you feel comfortable with what you saw and the people you interacted with? Did your concerns get addressed? Are there any red flags you need to check up on? Were you encouraged to contact the school with any questions? Is there a clear next step in the process?

Every family has specific needs and many preschools can accommodate them. It is important to ask questions now. Don’t be afraid to discuss personal matters, one on one. Chances are the preschool has encountered a similar situation before and is up to the task or may be able to give you direction to an alternative resource. 

Is My Child Ready?

Just because a few preschools will accept children at around 2 years old doesn’t mean your child is ready for preschool when she reaches that age. Is she socially, emotionally and physically ready to participate in a structured educational program with a group of children? The following will help your think about some of the important skills needed for preschool.

Is your child independent?

Your child should also be able to take care of some basic needs, like washing her hands, eating her lunch without assistance and sleeping alone. Most preschools will want your child to be potty trained, but some accept diapers.

Has Your Child Spent Time Away From You?

If your child has been cared for by a babysitter or a relative, he’ll be better prepared to separate from you when he’s at preschool. Kids who are used to being apart from their parents often bounce right into preschool with hardly a backward glance. If your child hasn’t had many opportunities to be away from you, you might want to schedule some - a weekend with grandma, for instance, or a day with your sister and her kids. But even if you can’t work out your separation issues up front, don’t worry too much; many children leave Mom or Dad for the first time to go to preschool and they do just fine. The trick is to help your child adjust in short doses. Many preschools will allow you to drop off your child for an hour or two during the first few days there; as your child gets more familiar to the environment, you gradually work up to a full day.

Canyour child work on projects on her own?

Preschool usually involves lots of arts and crafts projects that require concentration and the ability to focus on an individual task. If your child likes to draw at home or gets engrossed in puzzles and other activities on her own, she’s a good candidate for preschool. But even if she’s the kind of child who asks for help with everything, you can start getting her ready by setting up playtimes where she can entertain herself for a half hour or so. Is she ready to participate in group activities?

Is your child used to keeping a regular schedule?

Preschools usually follow a predictable routine: circle time, play time, snack, playground, then lunch.

There’s a good reason for this. Children tend to feel most comfortable and in control when the same things happen at the same time each day. So if your child doesn’t keep to a schedule and each day is different from the last, it can help to standardize his days a bit before he starts preschool.

Does your have the physical stamina for preschool?

Whether it’s a half-day or full-day program, preschool keeps kids busy. There are art projects to do, field trips to take, and playgrounds to explore. Does your child thrive on activities like this, or does he have trouble moving from one thing to the next without getting cranky? Another thing to consider is how and when your child needs to nap. Preschools usually schedule nap time after lunch. If your little one can keep going until then or even

all day like a wind-up toy, he’s set. If he still needs a midmorning snooze, it might not be time yet to go to school.

Why do you want to send your child to preschool?

Think carefully about what your goals are for sending your child to preschool. Do you just need time for yourself or daycare for your child? There may be other options if it seems he isn’t ready yet for the rigors of school.

If you find that the main reasons you want to send your child to preschool are that he seems eager to learn new things and explore, he isn’t getting enough stimulation at home or daycare, or he seems ready to broaden his social horizons and interact with other children, chances are it’s the perfect time to start preschool. 