Paul Cooper McBride M.Arch, University of Michigan
M.Arch Thesis
a last resort in the fifth season
Aleatoric House form studio
Inundation 2: Bangkok+Jakarta design/nuild + urban assemblages
Digital Design and Fabrication cnc screenwall
Architecture Student Research Grant robotic mold forming and sand cast aluminum
Center for Peripheral Culture situation studio
Archive of Contaminated Sediments networks studio
Network Urbanism
oneprize 2011: water as the sixth borough
Liquid Planning Detroit hope village / design with water
Mappae Mundi
detroit industrial wetlands
Environmental Research GIS and landscape modeling
Strata Space/Syntactical Horizon spatial speculations, visualized
Migrant Worker Housing systems Studio
Pascal Street House
intern architect with Dana McBride Homes, Inc.
A Last Resort in the fifth season M.Arch Thesis Advisors: Geoffrey Thün and Craig Borum Catamarca, Argentina, known for its high yield of wine and beef, is a microcosm of culturally associated culinary pairs in a country facing unforeseeable climatic variation – a fifth season of alterity. Possible futures for cultural production through the gustatory desire of beef and wine are thus dependent on atmospheric effects of climate change and the ecological affect of productive landscapes and anthropocenic architectures. Manifest as a winery-beefery-ecotourism resort, hybrid programmatic ‘pairings’ restructure the symbiotic productive landscape as a culturalecological construct.
Edaphic Geography
locating high yields of wine and beef production in Argentina
Edaphic Geography
PUNA: above the treeline, 3200 - 3500m cattle localized to eastern wet regions VINEYARDS - NORTHERN REGION: altitude 1000 - 3000m warm dry climate and sandy soils specialty variety: torrontés CHACO: “last agricultural frontier” hot, semi-arid lowland extensive cattle ranching rampant deforestation VINEYARDS - CUYO REGION: “the land of deserts” altitude 700 - 1700m 210,000 ha mountain snowmelt for irrigation specialty variety: malbec ESPINAL: grasslands, savanahs, shrublands rampant logging in South heavy cattle ranching in North PAMPAS: most fertile region lowlands, few trees extensive agriculture extensive cattle ranching MONTE: desert fauna still more diverse than patagonia desert VINEYARDS - PATAGONIA: altitude 300 - 500m cold winters, cool summers long ripening time specialty variety: merlot PATAGONIA: cool and dry wheat and fruit in North sheep ranches in South
Monsa Biofarm Biofarm Monsanto
‘geological’ facade
resort roof form
beefery
winery roof form tasting room
C E
D
F
hotel ‘bar’
wine fermentation
hotel ‘bar’
B
A
C
B
A
F
E
D
Strategic Details: Acqueous flow of glacial runoff through the site A. Retaining wall feeds irrigation system for terraced vineyards. In high runoff events from glaciers, water is passed through the structure to interior ecosystems. B. Water from the resort roof is filtered through the structure like a tree canopy. This feeds interior greenhouse beds. C. Detail of hanging concrete panel facade system. D. Water runoff from previous pass-through systems and preciptiation is drained through a pressure equalized brick wall that leads into the residences that are ‘cut’ through the resort’s landscaped surface. E. Detail of the meeting of residence wall and outdoor terrace. F. Roof drainage detail at restaurant to capture and filter rainwater for productive use.
Four Aesthetic Ecologies
a synthesis of knowledge and form The Real: Ephemeral, experiential effects. Haphazard, messy human constructions of the urban as narratives, ‘organizings’, and ‘becomings’. The Virtual: Highly controlled views that mediate movement and the visibility of certain social groups. Necessitates deconstruction and genealogical analysis to decode urban and architectural form.
The Pastoral Picturesque (and grotesque): The observed landscape as a consumable image. Entropic material practices. The Eidetic: The experiential landscape as a scientific construct. ‘The eidetic’ frames an image of the world as a mode of operating simultaneously in physical and conceptual territories. view aesthetics, plan
processal
pro gr am m at ic
experiential
L
+ d or
ef er
H ef
Be
with correlating productive territories
processional lan
TE
b
H
Programmatic Sections
CLIMATIC
Program
miniature
Pastoral
CULINARY school
Surface
interior
Eidetic
interior
Ecology
exterior
Virtual
B E E F E RY
Circulation
HO
Real
unrolled facade
GRASS
abstracted plan and view corridors
w vie
solid
Environmental Cognition
c ar
GRAPES
ef
TE
W I N E RY
Hb + He reford Be
HO
transparent
solid
L
L
TASTING room
+
transparent
ndscape
Lc
a
oli
eif
un
c ea arr
Scale Scale1:5000 1:5000
NN
Fermentation and Barrel rooms with productive infrastructures
190105-07 8:34am removal de-stemming/crushing/must de-stemming/crushing/ must removal 190105-07 8:34am
190201-30 190201-07 first firmentation first firmentation
190104 4:22pm 190104 4:22pm picking picking
190201-30 190207-30 primary fermentation primary fermentation
190301-30 190301-30 secondary fermentation primary fermentation 190401 - 220401 190401-220401 barrel aging barrel aging
191001-30 191001-30 racking racking
lic
abo
met
analyzing
cloning aging/branding planting / trellis stringing
its
g un
shin
bli esta
Aleatoric House Moriyama House ‘Redo’ The new house design departs with a continuation of the formal logic of Sanaa’s Moriyama house. The purity and seemingly aleatoric siting of the white cubic volumes is replaced by a new plan, filled with “spatial constructors” produced from door swings, entries, exits and choreographic movement through the dwelling. The space is then reconceived as split booleaned solids; the spatial constructors continuously carving away at the newly solidified volume. Non-rational surface structures emerge on the floor along with two longitudinal wall-forms. The result is a dynamic spatial experience that is at once the precedent study itself as well as a full rejection of it.
morphogenic section
floor plan - superimposed geometries
Architecture + Adaptation Inundation2: Bangkok + Jakarta Led by prof. Meredith Miller and Etienne Turpin with Eric Meyer, Matthew Story, Mike Howard, John Monnat, Frank Sedlar, Linnea Cook, Minhee Choi, Farid Rakun In may of 2013, a team of design researchers from the University of Michigan and Rangsit University collaborated with StudioMake of Bangkok to fabricate a prototype disaster relief shelter for flooding victims in Thailand. Designed for semipermanent dwelling, the structural wall-boards and fastening devices are meant to be takeaways for those in need to take the materials back to rebuild their homes elsewhere. Designed steel bracket and floor system to hold walls at a diagonal for entry and ventilation
DUAL MEMBRANE ROOF SYSTEM
inner roof
primary girders
vertical outriggers
tension bars
outer shell + porch
secondary tension roof reduces heat gain
Structure elements are flat-packed inside shipping containers When deployed containers provide lavatories and solar power
steeel brackets holds walls square and utilizes diagonal elements to allow walls to be arranged in an open or closed system
High Tech, Low Tech Sand casting and robotic mold forming with Shan Sutherland, John Larmour, Luis Orozco, Eric Harman This project combines the millennium-old practice of sand-casting with multi axis digital fabrication platforms. Novel CNC and KUKA robotic machining methods developed allow for mass customization while also dissociating metal casting with creating positives first. Custom tooling assemblies were fabricated to work subtractive sand molds. 3D printing positives is a second method explored for more traditional casting processes. Conceptually, the work appropriates historical processes of making infusing them with digital technology and high-precision manufacturing tools. Awarded a competitive University of Michigan Architecture Student Research Grant, 2014 Successful casts were made after rigorous testing of sand/resin mixtures to allow for ease of machining and strength to hold its form
Parametric Screen Wall Digital fabrication, University of Colorado with Ian Wilson, Matt Lee, Jami Walbridge
Center for Peripheral Culture Professors Meredith Miller, Perry Kulper, Thom Moran, and Teman Evans
“The Strip” District, in Pittsburgh, PA is a collection of diverse businesses, bars, flower shops, apartments, art galleries, and housing. On a corner lot in the heart of the Strip, a new cultural center is curated by four local arts organizations, creating a hub of interactivity as performance art, digital media workshops and gallery space. An open ground plane with free public access is transformed into an urban park where vendors, picknicking, lounging, and loitering become invited activities.
C B A
D
C B A
D
Programming the structure as sectional ‘characters’ gray box theatre
Section A-A
idea foundry
Section B-B
Suface folds create below-grade entrance to cafe, and event space
Section of creative labs, projection space, and circulation wrapper
Vertical louvers diffuse reflected direct light, changing the building’s color tone throughout the day depending on atmospheric conditions and the color pallette of surrounding buildings
Stepped workspace allows video projection and plug-in flexibility
The interior hall is exposed at the edges, creating an accessible environment to the public.
hack pittsburgh
Section C-C
A woven metal curtain separates performance space from creative labs suspended within
rocking horse artspace
Section D-D
Archive of Contaminated Sediments Belle Isle, Detroit, Michigan The U.S. – Canada border runs through the middle of the Detroit River, weaving between islands - manifested only through the opposing shores. Yet, the Great Lakes region cannot be divided into two halves. This project proposes to shift the U.S. Canada border, currently cutting South of Belle Isle, into the middle of the island - creating the grounds for a zone of exception granting free access to both the U.S. and Canada. A mat-building 100 meters wide screens the middle of the island, producing a structure for bioregional governance, management, and research on environmental and industrial issues in the Great Lakes Basin. Speculating on the cultural and material value of contaminated sediments, a field condition of dredge collection feeds the new Archive of Contaminated Sediments, working as a research facility and public display of the manufactured soil of the Great Lakes region, culminating in a repositioning of geo-political boundaries toward an anthropogenic inclusion of a ‘new’ geology of sedimentation in the Great Lakes.
BELLE ISLE
Nipigon Bay
Contaminated Sediment Retrieval Unit [CSRU]
Thunder Bay
collection from Great Lakes Areas of Concern
St Louis River / Bay
Torch Lake Deer Lake
geotextile membrane Autonomous flotillas collect sediment through an inflatable geotextile membrane that is deposited on site for remediation before picking up a new membrane and attending a new collection site
contaminated sediment
Green Bay
6m
Waukegan Harbor
Grand River
Sediment refining bioreactors
Jackfish Bay
EPA Superfund sites Great Lakes ‘Area of Concern’ [AOC] Confined Disposal Facilities [CDF] CSRU collection paths
Saint Mary’s River
St Lawrence River
Bay of Quinte Port Hope Toronto
White Lake
Saginaw Watershed
Rochester Embayment
Hamilton Harbor Niagra River
Kalamazoo River
Clinton River
St Claire River
Detroit River
Belle Isle Sediment Collection Rouge River
Ashtabula River Cuyahoga Watershed
Maumee Watershed Black River Watershed
Phytoremediative extraction ponds
Walkway and contaminant pipeline
Site Processes
Separated Sediments
Chemical Breakdown
ConďŹ ned Research
reforestation mat structure chemical separation from retrieved sediment collection networks from contaminated urban sediment
Arsenic Barium Chromium Copper Lead Mercury Zinc
ST. CLAIRE
METALS
DETROIT RIVER
Microbial | Degrade
Compressed Site Section sediment infrastructure
Categorization Machine
Chemical Separation
Sediment Archive
Archival
Chemical Breakdown
Energy Generation
Octachlorostyrene Hexachlorobenzene Chlordane DDT Aldrin/Dieldrin Toxaphene Mirex
ONTARIO MICHIGAN ERIE
Toxaphene Dioxins Tetrachlorodibenzo-p
SUPERIOR
PCB
DETROIT RIVER
PAH
MICHIGAN
PBT
HURON
Acenaphtene Acenaphylene Anthracene Benzathracene Benzo[a]pyrene Benzo[b]uoranthene Benzon[ghi]perylene Chrysene Coronene Dibenz[a,h]anthracene Fluoranthene Fluorine Phenanthrene Pyrene
Gravity | Filter
Heat | Evaporate
Chemical | Distill
Archival Distribution
Sediment Landform
Micro-organism decomposition
Landform Creation
Network Urbanism OnePrize 2011: Water as the Sixth Borough Competition: Honorable Mention with Jeff Troutman, Dustin Buck, Kendall Goodman A new water transportation network uses crowdsourcing technology to charter group taxi rides in a water-based transit network. An infrastructure of user-data displaces congestion from interior corridors of New York City to a more dynamic, animated docklands. The piers become the active nodes of a new Network Urbanism; operating as transit sites and gathering spaces to precipitate social, economic, ecological, and educational programming. They catalyze public-private collaboration and perpetuate a development cycle focused on growing public space and socially driven projects rather than pure capital. The strategy is a physical substantiation of digital infrastructure leading to a multi-programmatic, performative urban surface.
Departing: State and Willow
GPS
Arriving: Church and Fulton @ 4:45 pm Church
and
Fulton
4:40
pm
disembark
5 4:35
minutes
pm
board water taxi
State
and
Willow
15a
7a
Introduction of phytoremediative plants and structural dock works
Floating wetlands remove toxins and CO2 from water and create oyster habitat to help to establish biodiversity
Density of transit network creates more space for water taxis
As micro ecosystems become established, surface ‘webs’ develop along the waterfront.
Urban park space as ‘web’ linking the pier system
Public access develops via programable surfaces, and micro eccologies.
Water Transit Hub
Liquid Planning interdisciplinary seminar HOPE Village, Detroit, MI with Tony Killian, Wen Zhong, Ellen Manasse Analyzed zoning codes, existing site conditions, and potential integration of neighborhood / design dynamics Design proposal combines capacity increases for stormwater management using low-impact development techniques with community programming and public access space.
1
1
2
Library | site operations:
Network of site cuts divert street runoff Site promotes play and curiosity at a tactile scale increasing educational activities 2
Median | oakman blvd:
Bioswale filters stormwater runoff and creates a green visual barrier Permeable sidewalk edge collects runoff and provides buffer space for cyclists
a.
b. Sidewalk filtering edge (a) and gravelfilled site cut (b)
3
Bus stop | tactile engagement:
Water filtering roof-wall drip system Translucent, fluid walls give public interaction with water systems 4
Community Center | architecture:
Focus on existing urban garden with canning facility, classrooms, construction/ maker workshops, and water catchment for irrigation Industrial aesthetic enhances neighborhood identity with Detoroit labor culture
Liquid Analysis: digital/physical water modeling Project criteria to control water flow through time and space Techniques: ‘collect’ ‘percolate’ and ‘drain’ Cut patterns created with Grasshopper employing overlay and edge maximization Colored water through acrylic visualizes the progression of water through the construct
3
4
Detroit Industrial Wetlands Progam Top: A speculative, enviro-political distortion, redeploying symbology and appropriating overlay as erasures. Reconstructed wetland corridors create an organizing strategy for novel urban-natural systems to establish ecological functions and promote diverse spaces of socioenvironmental interaction. Bottom: Existing observation of the displacement of wetlands by constructed industrial corridors Zoned industrial
Agriculture
Wetlands
Parks
Landscape Modeling excerpts from “NRE 544: GIS + Landscape Modeling” University of Michigan | School of Natural Resources and Environment
Analysis of topographic terrain variables and vegetation types Ann Arbor and NE Washtenaw County, MI Analyzing topographic wetness index (TWI) values offers insights into the spatial distribution of vegetation types in a landscape. TWI is calculated by a natural logarithmic function of the relationship between catchment area and slope. As slope increases, TWI increases at a decreased rate. This relationship indicates that vegetation types which grow on steeper slopes have higher soil saturation due to runoff channels, and that vegetation types growing on steeper slopes, such as Black and White Oaks, need greater amounts of water than those vegetation types more commonly found on shallower slopes, such as Lakeplain Prairie. However, it can be seen that Lakeplain prairie has a higher TWI-slope ratio, indicating that vegetation located in shallower topographies would retain and use more water. As Besnard et al (2013) defines, “TWI calculates the capacity of water accumulation of each pixel in a watershed using a DEM.” TWI combines calculated flow accumulation as an indicator for catchment basins and percent slope as the indicator for steepness of the topography. This study illustrates the importance of TWI as a variable to describe the relationship between topography and vegetation type. While slope can tell us about what types of vegetation might be able to grow on steeper slopes as well as where water runoff accumulates, it does not tell us anything about how a particular vegetation type is utilizing water in relation to that slope.
percent slope
lowest %
topographic wetness index (TWI)
highest %
TWI 9.16 (lowest)
TWI 9.96 NoData (highest)
Calculated slope and aspect from a digital elevation model Visualized relationships of vegetation classes and terrain attributes using ArcMap Model Builder Analyzed relationships as TWI and in Excel tables and graphs as specific vegetation type comparisons
Suitability planning: multi-criteria evaluation Ann Arbor and NE Washtenaw County, MI Total Land Area (# of cells) Total Available Land Area Excluded Area Developed Land Target Agricultural Land Target Nature Preserve Target
432,588 299,549 133,039 29,955 107,838 161,756
Saaty’s analytic hierarchy process - factor weights Weighting concept: wetlands+water > shrub/herbaceous > forest Land Use Factor Factor Weight Agriculture Clay Content 0.163 Agriculture Distance to 1995 Development 0.079 Agriculture Distance to Lakes and Streams 0.209 Agriculture Distance to Wetlands 0.486 Agriculture Slope 0.063 Development Distance to 1995 Development Development Distance to Ann Arbor Development Distance to Lakes and Streams Development Distance to Roads Development Slope
0.235 0.195 0.385 0.133 0.052
Nature Preserve Distance to Lakes and Streams Nature Preserve Distance to Wetlands Nature Preserve Presettlement Vegetation
0.131 0.661 0.208
Checking conflicting interests by land use type #
Layer DEV DEV 1411.10005 AG -607.68444 NAT -652.11714
AG NAT -607.68444 -652.11714 1432.97492 -883.20926 -883.20926 1544.59659
Correlation matrix calculated from land use suitability scores. Positive values indicates non-conflicting objectives - the suitability model produces the most desirable attibute based on criteria scores.
Strata Space “digital form-finding� prof. perry kulper two mirrored surfaces, form a stratum (or 3), bi-arc constructors, ceramic shell structures, morphological spores
A Syntactical Horizon “rules, delivered� prof. perry kulper Robotic milling drones, aluminum resurfacing, spatial hybrids, formal stitching Systems The deductive system is to capture, codify, or simply record arguments that are valid for the given language, and the semantics is to capture, codify, or record the meanings, or truth-conditions for at least part of the language. Coordinating Design the letterforms from the perspective of white space, using only formative components Line density builds deepness/flatness, constructing the geometrical syntax of Arabic letterforms. Graphical frameworks/devices: Structural, Axial, Radial, Random, Grid, Bilateral
Unit TYPE Design Interlocking living and ‘wet’ units provide private front porches for each dorm room. An interior shear creates live/sleep space in rooms ‘wet’ rooms front porch circulation
Migrant Worker Housing Shanghai, China with Young-Tack Oh This project advances scales of privacy in a setting where ultra high-density living and working conditions coupled with economic efficiency eliminate single-occupancy units. Utilizing formal design operations, we propose spaces of collective privacy to build community knowledge and cultural value offering small semi-private front porches and larger communal gathering areas.
air
wc
shower
Interlocking structural, plumbing, and ventilation cores
void space Strategic removal of walls from the dormitory provides large outdoor community space on each floor
unit ple’s cou l] p [2 p 5m2] [12.0 5.0 m
first floor
second floor
2.6
] ong +was A1 [l s om +3 stall hro bat owers h s 2] [3 2m [31.9
4.5
m
er] g] [lon +wash A2 lls oom s+2 sta r h t ba ower h [5 s 2m2] [31.9
m
ng] A [lo unit pl] p [10 0m2] [52.5 8.0 m
t] hor B [s unit l] p [8 p 0m2] [42.2
C s] om +2 stall hro bat owers h [2 s 5m2] [12.0
] her
8.0 m bathroom B1 [2 showers+2 stalls] [13.08m2]
1.5 m
4.7 m
2.7 m
2.8 m
Unit combination creates private front porches
Community workshops and outdoor seating offer space for residents to share knowledge and start small businesses
4.7 m
Exploded section perspective through unit types
Unit types and circulation to the communal structure and ground
Structural system - concrete shear walls through ‘wet’ stacks with steel post and beam framework
N
Pascal Street House intern architect Dana McBride Homes | Fort Collins, CO Design development Site planning and grading Facade and window detailing Consulted with structural engineer and truss manufacturer Partial construction documents
North
West
South
FLOOR 2B FLOOR 2A
FLOOR 3B FLOOR 3A
WALL SECTION
SECTION
A-A 004
SECTION
B-B 004