PBC Expo Parenting Insights | 2018 by Pregnancy Babies & Children's Expo

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HAVING A BABY IS

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So many questions!

Confused? Buying a pushchair isn’t as easy as you think. With so many options available today, it’s hard to know where to start. Budget, looks, functionality, safety. They are all important and the trick is to find the right mix. Dollars! Like so many things these days the old saying applies, “You get what you pay for.” You want your pushchair to last from your precious firstborn right through until you’ve completed your family, whether that be with 2, 3 or more. Luxury brands like iCandy are better designed in terms of style, functionality (more on that later) and quality so it is worth investing a little bit more. Remember, you will be using your pushchair several times every day for 3-6 years or more, so for peace of mind choose one that will go the distance. How many kids? Great question, but one that’s hard to answer. When it comes to choosing a pushchair, make sure it can grow with your family. A single to double option is a ‘no-brainer’ these days, but here’s a few things to look out for. In single mode you want to make sure your pushchair comes with a large bassinet for those precious first months when bub needs to be lying flat. The seat unit should have a large capacity so that your child can always be comfortable as they grow. Kids are getting bigger these days so you’ll need at least a 20+kg seat capacity.

The real fun starts when number 2 comes along. If you’ve chosen well you will be able to add a second component easily. But make sure there are lots of options, including multiple seat positions so that you can choose how you roll. Sometimes you will want to keep an eye on the little ones and other times toddlers like to see the road ahead. Of course once in double mode, how does it feel? ‘Side by side’ doubles can be quite difﬁcult to navigate tight spaces and shopping malls and some ‘inline’ models are so long and heavy, it’s like driving a truck! An ‘inline’ like the iCandy that feels like a single pushchair but is still compact and manoeuvrable in double mode will make getting out and about easy and enjoyable. Size does matter! Of course you need a large basket for all those essential baby things that make your life easy. Oh and dont forget all those groceries too. Bottom line … it has to be big. Easy fold? Remember how many times you’ll be doing this. You want a pushchair that doesn’t require you to have an engineering degree. It has to be easy, logical and once folded it should ‘freestand,’ not end up on the ground where it will scratch. More importantly, do you really want to bend over (bad back right!) to pick it up over & over for at least 3 years! Short warranty … don’t buy it. In fact if the brand can’t provide at least 2 years coverage for manufacturing defects it means that they don’t have much faith in their own product, so cross this option off your list.

Visit the iCandy team at the PBC Expo and see what makes the Orange Pushchair better than the competition. Large 25 kg capacity seat unit Huge 64 litre storage basket Easily converts to a double pushchair 30 different conﬁgurations World ﬁrst built in RIDE-ON-BOARD for your toddler Extendable, aeromesh canopy Freestanding when folded 8 amazing colour options 1 2 /2 year warranty

It’s always safety first! Making up your baby’s cot red nose – saving little lives

Can I fit three car seats in my car

Making your home KIDSAFE

Safe travels 52 Choosing the safest car restraint for your child 54

Thinking secondhand? Maybe think a second time

Water safety in Australia 62

Family health advice IVF: What you need to know

Pregnancy symptoms 8 A practical guide to healthy eating during pregnancy

Caring for your skin during and after your pregnancy

Keeping fit during pregnancy

Baby steps along the way The stages of pregnancy

Managing morning sickness

Gestational diabetes 20 Understand why it is important to try to avoid it, or control it, if it develops Labour pain

Tips for recovery after a caesarean

5 unexpected tips for babies with colic 26 Adjusting to fatherhood

Welcome to the 4th trimester

Tips for a smooth transition from breast to bottle

Postnatal depression 36

54 64 Welcome

ince Greg & I founded PBC Expo in 1991, together with our team we have dedicated ourselves to providing relevant and trusted information to every

parent or parent to be who invests their time in attending one of our Expos. We gather experts from around Australia to offer information, insights, products and services, so you can ask questions and discover new things. You can learn, see, feel, touch, try and buy, from the people who know the products and services best. Our magazine also provides you with easy to understand and clear information. Our Expo offers you facts not opinions, helping you be the parent

All you need to know about eczema-prone skin

Taking the sting out of nappy rash

to feel better informed and more confident in your parenting decisions. We know

The benefits of baby massage for you and baby

parenting is a 24/ 7 task that stretches and changes over the years. Beyond what

you want to be. When you attend our Expo or read this magazine we want you

you may discover in person at our Expo and within these pages, we offer you

Newborn bath basics 44 Demystifying some common questions about soothers

The essentials of baby play 50 Getting started with toilet training

free access to our ever expanding library of knowledge on our website. Good luck, good health and thank you for allowing us to be part of your parenting journey. Happy families!

Baby feeding and care

Julie Rocke

The truth about breastfeeding 28

PBC Expo Director & Co-founder

Important tips for hygienic handling of breast milk

Teething symptoms and solutions

Introducing solids: Purees vs baby led weaning

Getting organised What to pack in your hospital bag

Sadly Greg is no longer with us, we lost him unexpectedly in June 2017. Despite being devastated and heartbroken, thanks to my supportive team I have been able to continue to deliver the Expo in honour of him and his substantial legacy.

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IVF: What you need to know

One in six Australian couples suffer

What is in vitro fertilisation (IVF)?

from infertility. It’s important to

IVF is where hormones are given to stimulate a woman’s

remember not everyone who is having trouble conceiving will need to undergo IVF (in vitro fertilisation). 6

Parenting Insights | 2018

natural egg production. A doctor steps in at the right moment to extract the eggs. These are then brought together with sperm in a laboratory dish (rather than a woman’s fallopian tubes) to create embryos.

The embryo grows under laboratory conditions for five days, to

performed to remove a few cells from the embryo before it’s

the stage where it is called a blastocyst. This is the ideal time to

transferred to the woman to make sure that an embryo with

transfer the fertilised embryo back to a woman’s uterus.

no detectable chromosomal abnormalities is placed back into

IVF has helped thousands of couples fall pregnant, however there is no guarantee it will work for everyone.

the uterus. It doesn’t change the embryos you’ve got but it’s a way to know which ones have a normal chromosomal make up and therefore are more likely to give you a healthy baby.

When should you seek fertility help? If you’re over 35 years old and you’re not falling pregnant

How can you increase your chance of IVF success?

naturally within about six months of trying, you should consider

The best way to increase your chances of conceiving a baby

seeing a fertility specialist. If you’re under 35, it’s recommended

either naturally or with IVF, is to avoid leaving it too late. A

you try for a year, unless you have any health concerns like

woman’s fertility starts to decline significantly by the time she is

pelvic pain or irregular periods.

35, so it’s ideal to start trying before then.

Having trouble conceiving doesn’t automatically mean

Your health – and your partner’s health too – are also really

you need IVF. Talk to a fertility specialist about your individual

important. Touching base with your GP for a general health

situation and they will investigate why you’re not falling

check, eating a healthy balanced diet and exercising regularly

pregnant. The doctor might arrange some tests for both of you.

can boost your chances of conceiving.

About a third of the time when a couple are having trouble

If you’re overweight, it’s a good time to make some lifestyle

falling pregnant it can be due to a sperm problem. The doctor

changes. Smoking or taking illicit drugs can also reduce your

will arrange for a sperm test to analyse numbers and function.

chances of falling pregnant so it’s best to quit if these are things

Women are usually asked to take a blood test to make sure

you currently do.

ovulation is normal. An ultrasound to check the uterus and ovaries may also

For men, alcohol intake of more than two standard drinks a day can affect sperm quality so it’s important to moderate your

be needed to check for any cysts or abnormalities that may

drinking. Try for at least two to three alcohol-free days a week.

affect fertility.

For women it’s a good idea to minimise alcohol intake when you’re trying to conceive. No amount of alcohol has been proven

How successful is IVF?

to be safe during pregnancy, so you’re advised not to drink at all

IVF can be very successful for some couples, but again, one of

while you are pregnant.

the main factors is a woman’s age. If a woman is in her 20s or

If you have any ongoing medical conditions like asthma or

early 30s the chances of an embryo, known as a blastocyst, taking

diabetes, it’s important your condition is well managed, and there

in her womb is about 50 per cent. For women in their late 30s it’s

are asthma and diabetes medicines that are safe to use if you are

a bit lower at about 40 per cent. When a woman is over 40, the

trying to conceive, or are pregnant.

chances drop to around 25 per cent for each embryo transfer. Fortunately with IVF a lot of couples do get more than one embryo (blastocyst) formed in the laboratory. If you have more

Significant emotional stress can also affect a woman’s period cycle and can impact on your chances of falling pregnant. Trying to conceive naturally can be a time of ups and

than one healthy blastocyst you can freeze the remaining

downs, and IVF for many couples is an emotional journey too.

embryos to try again if implantation is unsuccessful, or to

Melbourne IVF recommends where possible to plan when you’re

achieve a second pregnancy. Embryos can freeze well and over

going to do IVF, to ensure that it’s at a time in your life which

90% will usually survive being thawed out, and their pregnancy

is relatively stable if possible. Couples who undergo IVF have

potential is about the same as using a fresh embryo.

to attend mandatory counselling and Melbourne IVF also has

If IVF isn’t successful the first time, the first option is to use any frozen embryos. If a couple aren’t pregnant after using their

supportive counselling as some couples need help along the way. Overall, the objective is to ensure you’re as healthy as

frozen embryos the next step is to see their fertility specialist

possible, both mentally and physically, not only to help with

again to go over their treatment. It’s really an individual approach

conception, but to maximise your chances of having a healthy,

and their IVF cycle can be tweaked to meet the needs of the

uneventful, uncomplicated pregnancy.

couple to ensure their best possible chance of conception. One of the other options is a more advanced IVF process known as advanced embryo selection. It’s where a biopsy is

Article courtesy of Bupa and Dr Scott Pearce, a senior specialist in Infertility & IVF, Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2018 | Parenting Insights

Pregnancy symptoms For many women the ‘diagnosis’ of pregnancy follows a few weeks of wondering “am I pregnant?” due to a range of small signals that things are changing in your body. For others, the changes occur much later and for a lucky few they travel through the whole journey wondering what the fuss is about. Midwives and other care providers often spend a good portion of their consultation time discussing the many signs and symptoms of pregnancy trying to allay concerns and describe what is normal.

Early days through the first trimester (12 weeks) Women who have been pregnant before often experience an “ah-ha” moment, noticing smells are different, or that they have an unusual taste in their mouth. The most obvious sign is that a period is missed with sore breasts, a common pre-menstrual sign, often continuing signifying some of the hormonal changes occurring in pregnancy. Wearing comfortable clothes may help to relieve the tender feelings. The other very common issue is extreme tiredness until it generally improves after 12 weeks. Tiredness in these early stages can be difficult to explain when trying to conceal a pregnancy, and may only be relieved by many day time naps and early nights. A few other early issues include: • Frequent urination – as your baby grows in the early stages the pressure of the uterus has an impact on the bladder causing feelings of a frequent need to pass urine • Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (Morning sickness) – hormonal and blood flow changes contribute to this very common problem which is often challenging to deal with. Small frequent meals and at times complementary therapies such as ginger and acupuncture can help but medication is also occasionally needed • Vaginal blood loss – any blood loss should be reported to your care provider, but this is a common complaint in the first trimester

The middle period During the second trimester women often look and feel much better and appear to bloom. For the unfortunate ones where morning sickness continues during this period, they often also end up experiencing a number of other digestive problems: 8

Parenting Insights | 2018

• Constipation – can start due to the bowel slowing down in digesting food • Heartburn, indigestion and reflux – less room for the stomach and again slowed digestion • Haemorrhoids – from dilated blood vessels and straining to use the bowels

blood loss or gushes of fluid from the vagina. During this period it is also important to consider what the baby within is doing and to observe that baby is moving and that the overall level of movement at the same time each day is reasonably consistent. A last obvious and common issue is abdominal cramping, which can occur as Braxton Hicks contractions (that occur in late

Other problems during this period include bleeding gums,

pregnancy and early labour) increase as the body gets ready for

bleeding noses, leg cramps, sore joints and restless legs.

labour to start. These cramps, including period like pain and back pain, are very common even before labour starts but need to be

The home stretch – 28 weeks until birth The list of common discomforts in the third trimester is nearly

discussed with your care provider. Whilst pregnancy is a time of excitement and joy, some of

endless as pregnancy impacts nearly all the organs in the body

the symptoms discussed can have an impact on a woman’s

and hormonal changes are extensive. Mentally women often

ability to enjoy this special time. A good care provider who

start to become a little more anxious and frightened about

listens and provides some active solutions to the common

what is to come. As baby grows the uterus puts pressure on

discomforts is a really invaluable addition to your pregnancy

many parts of the pelvis and back pain is very common. The

journey.

growth of baby varies so, of course, the issues that occur also vary markedly. The problems of the early and middle part of pregnancy are often magnified and unfortunately as sleep is disturbed women start to feel very weary. Unusual symptoms should be discussed with your care provider including

Article courtesy of Liz Wilkes Liz is the Managing Director of My Midwives and the Pregnancy Babies & Children’s Expo Consultant Midwife. She has been a midwife for over 20 years.

headaches, visual disturbances, itchy skin and rashes, vaginal

2018 | Parenting Insights

A practical guide to healthy eating during pregnancy

ating well when you are pregnant is important — a balanced diet, plus a supplement that contains folate and iodine is

essential. Following a healthier lifestyle is a positive change you can make at this time. You might like to start thinking about a general health overhaul as well as following a nourishing diet, getting more exercise, quitting smoking (if you smoke), and cutting back on alcohol. These are all helpful changes for you to make for both your health, as well as for your growing baby.

What should I be eating? Folate Folate is needed for healthy growth and development. Taking folate reduces the chance of neural tube defects (e.g. spina bifida) in your baby. It is recommended that women trying to conceive take an extra 400 µg/day of folic acid. The best way to get this is from a supplement. It is important to take this at least one month before and three months after you become pregnant. You still need to eat foods that contain folate. Rich dietary sources of folate include green vegetables, fruit, and fortified cereals. Iodine Iodine is a nutrient we need in very small amounts. It is part of thyroxine, a hormone of metabolism, growth and development. We need more iodine when pregnant and breastfeeding. This is for growth and development, especially of your baby’s brain. Mild iodine deficiency can lead to subtle cognitive and neurological problems. Studies show that the Australian population is mildly iodine deficient. How much iodine do I need? • pregnant women need 220 micrograms of iodine (also written as µg) • breastfeeding women need 270μg • all women should take a supplement with 150μg during pregnancy and breastfeeding. How can I include iodine in my diet? • regularly include fruit, vegetables, fish and iodised salt in your diet • these days breads and cereals are made with iodised salt, and some pregnancy and breastfeeding multivitamins – be sure to check the label.

10 Parenting Insights | 2018

Morning sickness Most women suffer from sickness early in their pregnancy. Iron

This is usually due to hormonal changes of pregnancy and can

The amount of iron you need increases during pregnancy. Good

affect you at any time of the day. Symptoms usually disappear

dietary sources of iron include red meats, fortified breads and

or become much milder by around 16 weeks.

cereals, green leafy vegetables, legumes and some nuts. You

Some tips to help you manage your morning sickness include:

can help your body absorb more iron from non-meat sources

• eating small amounts every two hours as an empty stomach

by including Vitamin C rich foods at the same meal e.g. tomato, capsicum, citrus fruits and kiwifruit. It can be hard to get enough iron from your diet. An iron supplement could be useful and may be recommended by your

can cause nausea • avoiding smells and foods that make you feel worse • eating healthier carbohydrate foods such as dry toast, crackers, breakfast cereals or fruit

dietitian, midwife or doctor.

• eating fewer fatty and sugary foods.

Fish, omega-3 and mercury

Listeria

Fish is an important part of your diet. It is an excellent source

When you become pregnant, it is important to be careful with food

of protein and is low in saturated fat. It also has high amounts

that might be contaminated with Listeria. These bacteria move into

of omega 3 and is a good source of iodine. However, a small

the placenta and can cause premature birth or miscarriage.

number of fish contain higher amounts of mercury. Food

Foods that might carry Listeria and should be avoided include:

Standards Australia New Zealand has set the following guidelines

• raw/ uncooked /smoked meat and seafood,

for safe fish intake during pregnancy and women planning a

ready to eat chilled seafood

pregnancy (1 serve = 150 g):

• deli meats, cooked cold meat, pate, meat spreads

• one serve per fortnight of shark (flake) or billfish

• leftovers (more than 24 hours after cooking)

(swordfish / broadbill and marlin) and no other fish

• pre-prepared salads, smorgasbords, buffets

that fortnight

• unpasteurised milk and soft serve ice cream

• soft cheeses (brie, camembert, ricotta, feta, blue).

• one serve per week of orange roughy (Deep Sea Perch)

Hard cheeses like cheddar and tasty are safe processed

cheeses, plain cream cheese and plain cottage cheese

or catfish and no other fish that week OR

• two to three serves per week of any other cooked fish and seafood not listed above.

are fine if purchased sealed and stored in the fridge • unwashed raw fruit and vegetables • raw eggs or foods containing raw or partially cooked eggs.

Caffeine

It is easy to make safe choices by following these tips:

Limit drinks containing caffeine during pregnancy. Cola,

• freshly prepared and cooked foods have low levels of bacteria.

Mountain Dew soft drink, tea, coffee, chocolate, chocolate-

Bacteria grow over time, so avoid eating food if it has been

flavoured beverages, cocoa and guarana energy drinks all

made more than 24 hours since being prepared. Always

contain caffeine. It is best to not have more than three serves per day of these food and drinks.

reheat to steaming hot • raw fruit and vegetables should be washed thoroughly before eating

Alcohol There is no known safe level of alcohol intake during pregnancy. Alcohol crosses the placenta and can lead to physical, growth and intellectual problems in some babies. It is recommended to

• Listeria is destroyed in normal cooking, so freshly cooked hot food is safe if eaten straight away • even those foods listed above that are higher risk can be eaten safely if heated above 74° C for over two minutes.

avoid all alcohol during your pregnancy. Article courtesy of Mater Mothers’ Hospitals For further information on healthy eating during pregnancy, visit matermothers.org.au

2018 | Parenting Insights

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Keeping fit during Pregnancy Exercising and maintaining your

Caesarean deliveries have not been shown

fitness during pregnancy is vital, not

to offer protection against incontinence in

only for helping your body handle the

the long term if the pelvic floor muscles

extraordinary stresses and demands of pregnancy and childbirth, but

have been affected during pregnancy. The good news is incontinence can be prevented or cured in most cases, with

Pelvic floor muscle exercises work best

to help your physical (and mental)

health professionals recommending pelvic

in conjunction with other daily healthy

recovery afterwards. This article offers

floor muscle exercises as the first line of

bladder and bowel habits, such as

an overview of how to exercise safely

defence (Fritel, et al., 2010; Price, et al.,

drinking up to two litres of fluid (preferably

during pregnancy, and where to go for

2010). These exercises are important for all

water, especially if you are breastfeeding),

men and women, but particularly pregnant

eating a healthy, balanced diet, and

women and women who have had a baby.

undertaking regular exercise to maintain

further information and /or help.

Pregnancy and the pelvic floor

a healthy weight.

prepare to be inundated with stories –

So how do I exercise my pelvic floor?

primarily bad – about stretchmarks, reflux,

Pelvic floor exercises can be done

How do I exercise and maintain my fitness during pregnancy?

swollen ankles and the lack of decent

anywhere, seated or standing.

Regular exercise during pregnancy is an

When you announce you are pregnant,

maternity wear. What you won’t often hear though, are the stories of women losing control of their bladder and wetting their pants. It is

1. Visualise a muscular sling as the floor

essential way of helping your body handle

of your pelvis running from your tail bone

the increased demands on your joints,

to your pubic bone.

muscles, heart and lungs.

2. Lengthen your spine and relax

Regular exercise (at the right intensity)

something women should be told given

your shoulders. Focusing on your back

can help reduce back pain, improve or

research shows one in three women who

passage, lift and squeeze upwards and

maintain muscle tone, reduce leg cramps,

have ever had a baby will wet themselves

inwards as though you are trying to avoid

swelling and constipation, and improve

(Chiarelli, Brown, & McElduff, 1999), and the

passing wind, then bring that pelvic floor

sleep patterns. Women who exercise

more babies you have, the more likely you

lift through to the front, as though you are

regularly often feel better about themselves

are to leak urine.

also trying to stop the flow of urine.

and their changing body during pregnancy.

And while incontinence should not

3. Lift and squeeze your pelvic floor

be considered normal or a natural part of

for as long as possible. Aim to hold for

having a baby, pregnancy can lead to its

three seconds initially, building up to 10

Ideal exercises during pregnancy (if no complications)

onset due to several factors.

over time. Make sure you breathe normally

• walking

One such factor is the production of

throughout and ensure your shoulders,

• low impact aerobics

the hormone relaxin, which softens the

buttocks, thighs, hands and feet remain

• water aerobics

tissues in your body, allowing them to

relaxed.

• pregnancy exercise classes

expand as your baby grows. It also allows

4. Rest your pelvic floor for the

• cycling (on a stationary bike)

your pelvic floor to stretch during birth.

same amount of time as your lift, before

• swimming (freestyle not breaststroke)

The softening effect of relaxin,

repeating. Aim for three to five, or even

• light weight training (see your fitness

combined with the increasing weight of

10-second holds in one set. Repeat twice

your baby places pressure on your pelvic

more throughout the day.

instructor for assistance with your program)

urinary leakage. The pelvic floor muscles

or relax, or if you want to make sure

Exercises to avoid during pregnancy

and ligaments, which help to keep the

you’re using the correct technique,

• heavy weights

bladder shut, are also stretched at birth and

make an appointment with a continence

• bouncing – especially star jumps,

can be permanently lengthened.

professional.

floor muscles, makes you more at risk of

14 Parenting Insights | 2018

If you can’t feel your muscles hold

or similar activities

• contact sports

• high impact or jerky movements

• any activities or exercises

• prolonged bouncing, as this can

that cause pain • excessive twisting and turning activities • exercises that require you to hold your breath • exercises that involve standing on one leg for a period of time • pushing off with one leg at a time when

overstretch the pelvic floor muscles.

The Foundation has also written a booklet, The Pregnancy Guide, a FREE resource

Remember that pain or shortness of

for women and health professionals

breath should not be felt at any time.

available in hard copy or downloadable

STOP exercising and seek advice from

from the Continence Foundation of

your doctor or midwife if you experience

Australia website.

any of the following: • dizziness, faintness, headaches, blurred vision, nausea or vomiting

The Pelvic Floor First website pelvicfloorfirst.org.au has further information on safe exercises, as well

swimming – try to push off with both

• any kind of pain or numbness

as more detailed information on pelvic

feet when turning

• discomfort or feeling extremely tired

floor muscle exercises and causes and

• excessive breaststroke at the end of your pregnancy, as this puts stress on your pelvis • prolonged standing, static exercises

after you have exercised • vaginal bleeding, contractions, leaking

that involve sudden changes in direction • lifting your hip to the side while kneeling on your hands and knees • activities involving sudden changes in intensity • exercises that increase the curve in your lower back

Women can also phone the

of amniotic fluid (the water around your

FREE National Continence Helpline

baby), or reduced movements of your baby.

on 1800 33 00 66, which is staffed by continence nurse advisors who can

e.g. standing still and doing arm weights • highly choreographed exercises or those

symptoms of incontinence.

Where can I get more information?

offer advice, resources and referrals to

The Continence Foundation of Australia,

local clinics.

in conjunction with The Pregnancy Centre, has developed a FREE Pregnancy Pelvic Floor Plan app, which guides women through safe exercising during pregnancy

Article courtesy of Maria Whitmore Continence Foundation of Australia and The Pregnancy Centre continence.org.au

and the maintenance of bladder and bowel health.

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2018 | Parenting Insights

Baby steps along the way The stages of pregnancy

hether you are pregnant for the first time or an experienced mum, every pregnancy will be unique. A normal pregnancy lasts between 37 and 42 weeks, usually an average of 40 weeks, with the weeks of pregnancy divided into three sections (or trimesters). But what’s going on inside your growing belly during this time? Here’s what usually happens to you and your developing baby from day 1 to delivery.

First trimester Weeks 1 to 12 You – During the first trimester, pregnancyrelated hormone changes can affect your whole body. When you are pregnant, your womb doesn’t shed its lining as it normally does at the end of your menstrual cycle, so you won’t have a period. So for some women, a missed period is the first sign of a pregnancy. As well as a missed period, you might have other early symptoms of pregnancy, including: • tender or swollen breasts • needing to pass urine more often • tiredness due to hormonal changes • nausea and vomiting (morning sickness) • feeling bloated • mood swings • food cravings or aversions. Not all women have all of these symptoms Your baby – In the first trimester, your baby’s body and organs develop quickly.

By the time you are 10 weeks pregnant all your baby’s body parts are present, if not quite fully developed. There will be a heartbeat, and tiny fingernails on tiny hands, and a face with a profile. Your baby gets nutrients from your blood through the placenta, while waste products from the baby are returned to your circulation to be removed from your body. By the time you are 12 weeks pregnant your baby is about 60 mm long. At this stage, your baby’s forehead grows with the developing brain, the ears are forming, and the eyelids are still sealed shut to protect the developing eyes. The baby is also able to make a fist as its muscles and nerves start to work together.

Second trimester Weeks 13 to 27 You – Your pregnancy will start to show during the second trimester although exactly when this happens varies from woman to woman. Any sickness or nausea usually gets better by the time you’re 16 to 20 weeks pregnant. You may get backache, hip pain or pelvic pain because pregnancy hormones cause your ligaments and tendons to relax, and your posture may change as your baby grows. You may first feel the baby move around 18 to 20 weeks, but this varies between women and may be a few weeks earlier if it’s not your first pregnancy. The movements become much more vigorous and obvious as the baby gets bigger and stronger. Your baby – In the second trimester, your baby’s organs grow larger and mature, muscles continue to form, and the skeleton starts to harden. The baby’s kidneys start to work and pass small amounts of urine. By 19 weeks your baby is more active, is able to hear, and is covered in fine hair called lanugo. Your baby now has eyebrows and eyelashes; toenails have formed and unique footprints and fingerprints. By the end of the second trimester, your baby has a chance of surviving if born prematurely, but would need

Sources Australian Government Department of Health. Healthdirect. Pregnancy birth and baby [Online] [Accessed Jan 2015] Available from: pregnancybirthbaby.org.au womenshealth.gov Office on Women’s Health. US Department of Health and Human Services [Online] [Last updated Sept 2010, accessed Jan 2015] Available from: womenshealth.gov © Bupa Australia Pty Ltd January 2015. This information is intended as a guide only and should not be relied on as a substitute for professional medical advice. Bupa Australia Pty Ltd is not liable for loss or damage you suffer arising out of the use of or reliance on the information, except that which cannot be excluded by law. Consult your physician or other medical professional if you have questions.

16 Parenting Insights | 2018

intensive care. If you have a scan at this stage, it’s often possible to find out the baby’s gender.

Third trimester Weeks 28 to 40 You – This is the home stretch as many women give birth around 39-40 weeks. Braxton Hicks contractions (practice contractions) can start in the second trimester, but are much more likely in the third. These can be mistaken for labour but the difference is that real labour contractions will continue to occur regularly. Braxton Hicks contractions only last about 25 seconds. You may find at this time that the extra weight you are carrying can make you tired. You may also get breathless as your expanded womb makes your lung capacity smaller. Some women have trouble finding a comfortable position to sleep in. As your abdomen and breasts grow, you may get stretch marks. These are harmless and usually fade after the baby is born. Towards the end of your pregnancy, generally from 37 weeks onwards, your baby ’engages’ by moving into a ‘head down’ position into your pelvis, getting ready for delivery. This can cause pressure on your bladder and you may need to pass urine more often. Your baby – Your baby’s lungs mature throughout the third trimester and by 32 weeks your baby is much more likely to survive if born prematurely. Your baby makes breathing movements, even though the lungs don’t work properly until birth. Your baby gets bigger and bigger as it stores fat in preparation for life outside the womb. Your baby loses the lanugo, grows fine hair, their eyes can open and close, and their teeth may start growing under the gums. By the end of 37 weeks the baby is considered full term, and the baby’s organs can function on their own.

Finally…Delivery day! The cervix will begin to get thinner and softer and open (dilate) to prepare for delivery. You may feel sharp pains as the cervix dilates and the countdown to the birth of your baby begins!

Article courtesy of Bupa bupa.com.au

Managing morning sickness

he term ‘morning sickness’ is used to describe a condition

Treatments can include a variety of complementary therapies

‘nausea and vomiting in pregnancy’. It was thought that this

such as acupuncture and acupressure (similar to sea sickness)

condition was more common in the morning and hence the

with sea sickness bands also assisting some people. Ginger is

name. However, in reality it can occur at various times, and is

thought to be useful by some women and can be used in small

sometimes ongoing throughout the day. For many woman it starts

quantities. Seeing a complementary therapist in your preferred

fairly early in pregnancy at around 6 weeks and is usually resolved

treatment spectrum from acupuncture to naturopathy and

by 12 weeks when hormone levels begin to settle. However the

homeopathy is a method of treatment however this should also

variations are quite marked with some women experiencing no

be discussed with your pregnancy care provider.

symptoms at all and some experiencing the severe ‘hyperemesis

For women who would prefer medical treatment there are

gravidium’ which is characterised by extremely severe symptoms

a number of medications which may ease the symptoms of

often requiring hospitalisation for dehydration. This condition has

nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. These require prescription by

been made more well known recently by Her Royal Highness

your midwife, GP or obstetrician and if the symptoms are serious,

The Duchess of Cambridge Catherine.

you should have further investigations to ensure your blood work and scans are normal.

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy can be

When things are very bad, resting and sleep often can be

managed by eating small, bland snacks and

difficult but necessary and for an unfortunate few women regular

meals and trying to maintain a relatively stable blood sugar by ensuring protein and complex carbohydrates.

IV fluids in your local emergency department may be necessary. As with all health related problems a care provider who is empathetic to your needs and understands what you are experiencing is an important addition. Time cures all and for most women, the feeling will not last all pregnancy.

Some women find a variety of foods, smells and other elements (fatigue, heat) make them feel worse. This condition is worse in conditions where the woman’s BHCG levels are higher, such as is the case early in pregnancy and with multiple pregnancies.

Article courtesy of Liz Wilkes Liz is the Managing Director of My Midwives and the Pregnancy Babies & Children’s Expo Consultant Midwife. She has been a midwife for over 20 years.

2018 | Parenting Insights

Making up your baby’s cot Sleep Baby in a safe cot in parents’ room for the first 6 –12 months of life

Use a safe cot that meets the current Australian Standard AS2172 Do not use pillows, doonas, soft toys, cot Use a safe mattress: firm, clean, flat

bumpers, or lambswools anywhere in the cot

(not tilted or elevated), right size for the cot Do not put your baby to sleep Sleep baby on back

on a water bed or bean bag

Keep head and face uncovered

Keep baby smoke free

Position baby’s feet at the bottom of the cot

Breastfeed baby if you can

Tuck blankets in firmly or use

Maintain a safe sleeping

a safe baby sleeping bag

environment night and day

For more information on Safe Sleeping, including information statements, visit rednose.com.au/section/safe-sleeping. For information on the use of portable cots, what is a safe mattress and how firm should a mattress be, please refer to our Safe Sleeping FAQs at rednose.com.au 18 Parenting Insights | 2018

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Gestational diabetes

4 fold increase in the rate of congenital

Because of all

abnormalities, such as heart abnormalities,

the problems

spinabifida, abnormal development of the

associated

lower spine and limbs, and facial clefts.

with GD, the

Then there are a number of problems

mother will

as the pregnancy advances. The baby has

be seen more

Gestational diabetes affects 5% of

a higher chance of prematurity with all

often during

pregnant women. Gestational diabetes

the consequences of a baby in a nursery

her pregnancy

is a condition that occurs in pregnant

needing oxygen, help with breathing, poor

with extra

woman for a variety of reasons. It affects

sugar control, and problems with jaundice.

ultrasounds and

We know that the mother’s elevated

foetal monitoring

about 5% of pregnant women in Australia and is usually diagnosed at

glucose level causes excess nutrients to

particularly towards the

about 28 weeks.

be passed to the baby making the baby

end of her pregnancy to

grow more than it should which is termed

check the baby’s growth and

So what is gestational diabetes?

‘macrosomia’. It is good to have a nice

well-being.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the

healthy baby, but too big makes it more

pancreas that enables the body to use

difficult to be delivered. So the caesarean

the baby is growing normally then the

sugar or ‘glucose’ as an energy source.

section rate is higher, and the mother

mother can possibly go up to a week

In pregnancy, it is normal for the cells

has to have a major operation that could

past her expected delivery date. However

of the pregnant mother to become a

perhaps have been avoided and born

sometimes the pregnancy may need to

bit resistant to insulin. This resistance is

vaginally there may be increased risks

be induced earlier, often at 38 weeks, to

caused by hormones produced by the

of birth trauma to both the mother and

ensure a safe outcome for the mother

placenta and starts in the middle third of

her baby. Sometimes the placenta gets to

and baby.

pregnancy and peaks in the last third. This

its ‘used by date’ too soon and the baby

is a natural mechanism in the pregnant

doesn’t get enough nutrients and fails to

controlled in pregnancy, it can affect

body to make the mother use more of

grow adequately. This is called growth

long-term development and function

her fat as a fuel source, thereby making

restriction and the baby may need to be

of pancreatic and fat tissue in the

available more of her glucose and protein

born early.

child, continuing to adulthood. As a

for her baby’s growth.

Gestational diabetes can also cause

If the sugar control is good and

If gestational diabetes is poorly

consequence these babies as adults have

Preeclampsia or ‘high-blood pressure

a higher chance of obesity and diabetes

when the mother’s pancreas is unable to

in pregnancy’, this condition alone

themselves at an earlier age. We call this

make enough insulin to overcome this

impacts on foetal growth, and in the

the metabolic syndrome.

resistance, and the glucose in her body

mother can have serious consequences

rises to higher levels. It is this chronically

if untreated, including fitting and stroke.

Are you at risk?

elevated glucose level that causes many

Polyhydramnios where there is excess

Inherently people have a genetic

problems for the mother and the baby.

fluid in the sac is another condition. As

susceptibility to developing gestational

the baby is floating in a large ‘swimming

diabetes and there is not much you can do

How can it complicate a pregnancy?

pool’, when labour does come it may

about your genes! So firstly, you know you

be in an unusual position and so unable

are at increased risk if you belong to a high

Uncontrolled elevated glucose levels

to be born vaginally. When the waters

risk ethnic group. Other risk factors include

in pregnancy results in mild to severe

break, they gush out fast, and if the head

a family history of diabetes, or gestational

consequences for not only the mother

is not low down ‘plugging the hole’ so to

diabetes in parents or siblings, a personal

but especially her baby. If a woman already

speak, the cord can be washed into the

history of gestational diabetes in a previous

has unmanaged diabetes at conception

vagina and this is known as cord prolapse,

pregnancy, if the mother herself was born

or early in pregnancy, there is already

an emergency situation, as the oxygen

greater than 4.1kg in birth weight, or has

a 2 to 3 fold increase in the chance of

supply is interrupted to the baby with dire

had a baby herself weighing greater

having a miscarriage. There is also a 3 to

consequences.

than 4.1kg.

Gestational diabetes therefore occurs

20 Parenting Insights | 2018

called a Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT).

lunch and dinner. The vast majority of

While fasting, the mother takes a blood

women will control their sugar levels

the most

test and then drinks a standard sugar drink

adequately. Occasionally extra insulin is

important

and a second blood test is taken at 1 and

needed which is given as a single dose

avoidable

2 hours after the drink. Elevated glucose

or as a number of injections throughout

risk factor. If

levels imply gestational diabetes. At this

the day. Exercise can help too, a moderate

a woman has

time it is so important for the mother to be

exercise program is sufficient and smoking

given a full explanation and information, so

is absolutely not a good idea! The better

that she can gain an understanding of the

the control, the better all the outcomes!

And then there is weight,

a BMI greater than 30 before pregnancy, puts on excessive weight

disease. She is then referred to a diabetic

During pregnancy with good

educator who will discuss dietary changes.

management, most of the problems

Limiting carbohydrate intake to less

related to gestational diabetes can be

in her pregnancy, has

than 40% of total calories, and spreading

controlled and overcome, so the outlook

the load through the day, will make a

is positive! But it is important for those

difference. So 3 small to moderate meals,

who have had gestational diabetes, to

pregnancies, she is at a significant

and 3 or 4 snacks per day, is the goal,

appreciate the increased risk of diabetes

increased risk of developing

concentrating on unprocessed low GI

later on in life, and to have a yearly check

gestational diabetes.

foods that have slower absorption (more

with their GP.

a history of significant weight gain in her life, or has put on excessive weight between

fruits, vegies and grains; less flour as in

Testing for and managing gestational diabetes

bread, pastries and potatoes). The mother

At around 26 to 30 weeks a test is done

waking and then 2 hours after breakfast,

will check her blood sugar levels on

Article courtesy of Dr Grant Saffer

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www.ibabylabs.com.au 2018 | Parenting Insights

Labour Pain Many women describe feelings of at best, apprehension and at worst, terror when they consider pain in labour. Midwives however know that whilst, yes, labour is challenging, it does not have to be an experience to fear.

22 Parenting Insights | 2018

For many women with preparation, lots of self awareness and really good care from someone they know when they are in labour, it can be a life changing experience in a really positive way.

he best way to consider labour is that you will start with

This means that you should know the midwife with you which

minor changes, a mild period like pain, possibly back pain

can be achieved in a number of ways (public hospitals have ways

which is often accompanied by things like a sticky mucous

care is provided called “caseload” or “continuity of care”; private

discharge called a “show”, an increase in bowel motions and

midwives can go with you and admit you to hospital and provide

perhaps changes in emotions. Whilst you may want to speak to

your care through labour and a small number of obstetricians

your care provider, the beginning of labour changes, does not

may work with a midwife who provides in labour care).

mean birth is imminent and does not mean you need to rush into

Your labour intensifies toward transition, which is the last

hospital. In fact, research clearly demonstrates that staying home

part before your start to push and birth your baby. From 8cm to

in your own environment in early labour is best. Support by

10cm dilated requires focus, and good care from knowledgeable

phone or in person from your own midwife at this time is

care providers who understand active labour. Many women in

extremely reassuring.

this period may seek a change, and a good midwife will be able

Once labour contractions get more intense, they will

to offer a range of suggestions. At times, more pain relief may be

come regularly with 3 contractions occurring regularly in every

requested and at times, women will want anaesthesia such as an

10 minutes with the length of the contraction lasting around

epidural. Midwives will certainly understand and assist with these

1 minute.

requests. There are times where an epidural is useful for labours

If this is your first baby, it is fine to still be at home, in contact

that are long and for about 20% of women, there is a need for

with your care provider, making sure that they advise you the best

intervention in some way. However, that is a minority of labours

time to transfer to hospital, or birth centre if that is where you are

and it is important to recognise the times where this is needed

having your baby. If it is your second baby, this is generally the

rather than deal with all women as if they need help.

time to think about moving to your birth place.

We encourage women to seek preparation early in pregnancy,

Once you are in active or established labour many things can

but it is never too late to start before labour begins. Antenatal

assist, warm water either in the form of a shower or immersing in

education provided by an independent provider, Calmbirth or

a bath is very useful. TENS applied early in labour and increased

Hypnobirthing classes and other sources of information such as

during labour is also very useful. Heat packs and massage,

the MMPOA Facebook page can give you good tips about how

pressure points and Calmbirthing or Hypnobirthing techniques

to prepare.

are also good. However the most important tool is having a

Labour is not to be feared, it is a truly special and amazing

care provider with you that you know and trust, throughout the

process to bring your own baby into the world. Supported by

whole process.

a loving team, for the majority of women it is a special day to prepare for and welcome.

Article courtesy of Liz Wilkes Liz is the Managing Director of My Midwives and the Pregnancy Babies & Children’s Expo Consultant Midwife. She has been a midwife for over 20 years.

2018 | Parenting Insights

Tips for recovery after a caesarean

fter a caesarean birth you will be uncomfortable for a few days. Taking regular pain relief is very important to your

recovery. Let your midwife know if you require any pain relief or

Walking will also help to reduce the swelling of your feet, relieve stiffness and the discomfort of trapped wind. Please discuss any concerns with your doctor or midwife.

anti sickness medication. Your catheter, drip and wound drain

If you have not passed wind, or have some wind pain, try:

(if you have one) will be removed in the first one to two days

• pelvic rocking and knee rolling

depending upon your recovery.

• gentle wind massage: start at the lower right side of your

It is important to let your midwife and/or physiotherapist know

tummy, using a gentle slow circular motion as you slowly

if you are having difficulty passing urine, passing small amounts of

move up to waist level, move across the belly button and down

urine or having accidental loss of urine.

the left side

Maintaining good hygiene is important to prevent infection: • shower daily and dress in fresh clothes • do not use a hair dryer on the wound, as drying the wound delays the normal healing process • if your wound oozes fluid or blood — report this to

• standing, lean forward onto the end of the bed and do some gentle hip circles • warm showers • frequent walks • relax on the toilet in the “hips flexed” position.

your doctor or midwife immediately. Postnatal exercises are especially important after a caesarean

How to protect your incision when you cough

section to get your muscles working again, but take things at a

Sit forward in a chair if possible. If in bed, bend your knees up.

gentle pace. The midwife or physiotherapist will tell you when

Place both hands over your wound, anchoring your fingers onto

you should begin them.

the pubic bone, with your forearms resting firmly across the abdomen. Draw in the pelvic floor and hold arms in firmly as

Mobility and exercises

you cough.

Initially after your operation you will be resting in bed. During

While still in bed, you can

this time it is important to do deep breathing and leg exercises

• take five or six deep, slow breaths each hour—relax your

regularly. Bed exercises and walking around will reduce the

shoulders as you exhale

likelihood of chest infections and blood clots in your legs.

• bend ankles up and down, tighten thigh and buttocks muscles

It is normal to have increased swelling of your hands and feet after

• gently draw in the pelvic floor muscles, pause, then let go

the birth. Continue to drink fluids, go to the toilet regularly and rest

• draw in the pelvic floor muscles before and as you move your

with your legs above the level of your heart.

legs, but always keep breathing—this protects your tummy from strain

24 Parenting Insights | 2018

• With both knees bent up, try slow, gentle:

during the labour. Either of these scenarios can occasionally

– pelvic rocking

leave a woman and her partner feeling disappointed, confused,

– knee rolling

distressed or feeling a loss of control.

• change the position you are resting in, often

It may be helpful to talk about these feelings with the doctor or

• aim to do these exercises two or three times each hour

midwife and have your questions answered. You may also like to

• if you are feeding your baby in bed, make sure you are not

speak with a pastoral care worker or the patient representative or

resting on your tailbone: – If sitting, put the back of the bed right up, place a small

you may wish to access a community support group that focuses on emotional wellbeing. This may be beneficial in the days/weeks

pillow / rolled up towel behind your lower back. Try not to

or even months after the birth of your baby. If you would like to

slide down the bed.

discuss any aspects of your operation or care please discuss with

– If lying on your side, make sure your head and neck

your obstetrician.

are supported on a pillow. Ensure that your body is not twisted; a pillow between your knees might feel more

Pain relief at home

comfortable.

If your pain increases after you go home you should consult your obstetrician, GP or nearest hospital. If you have any concerns

Planning for home

regarding your pain relief, safety of any medication or how the

On the day you go home you will be independently caring

medication is affecting you, please call your GP or pharmacist.

for yourself and your baby. Your pain will be controlled with medication and your wound will be free from signs of infection, ie. no redness or drainage. While you should be able to perform all the normal activities to care for yourself and the baby, you should avoid doing anything which will cause you significant discomfort. Gradually you will be able to return to your full range of duties. This can take a variable amount of time between two and six

Acknowledgments and references • Staff of Mater Mothers’ and Mater Mothers’ Private and Mater Private Hospital Redland • Mater Consumer Representatives Maternity Coalition • Caesarean Awareness Network Australia • Birthtalk: Support, Education and Celebration of Birth • Understanding NICE guidance—information for pregnant women, their partners and the public (2004) National Institute of Clinical Excellence

weeks. Listen to your own body.

Debriefing after birth

Article courtesy of Mater Mothers’ Hospitals For further information visit matermothers.org.au

For some women the decision to have a caesarean will be made weeks before the birth. For other women the decision is made 2018 | Parenting Insights

Unexpected tips for babies with colic

No one knows for sure what causes “uncontrollable crying in an otherwise healthy baby,” or why it tends to happen in the late afternoon or evening. More importantly, is there anything that new mothers can do about it?

What are the causes of colic? Unfortunately, there isn’t a consensus as to what causes this frustrating behaviour. Mums can rest assured that it almost always goes away after 3 or 4 months. Over 60% of babies experience “colic” and only 1 in 10 still have it at 4 months of age. It may also give you peace of mind to know that most doctors

According to one study 28% of parents who practiced infant massage felt that they were able to reduce their baby’s crying.

do not consider colic to be an illness or a symptom of a stomach ache, an allergy, or disease. There is no “cure,” for colic because

Create soothing sounds

recent research suggests that it is not an illness. Instead, it is a

The world is a noisy place for newborn babies. In fact, for some

behaviour – a result of the baby trying to adapt its nervous system

of the most sensitive little ones, loud noises might even be a

to the stress and stimulation of life outside the womb.

contributing factor in extended crying. The good news is that the

So, let’s look at 5 things that you can do to get through the tearful times and enjoy a positive experience with your baby.

opposite is also true; soothing sounds may calm your baby. Babies also respond to familiar voices. So, sing your baby a gentle lullaby or quietly hum while you sit together.

Try to relax Babies are super sensitive. Dealing with colic requires us to be calm

Get in motion

at a time when we feel the most stressed out. Remind yourself

Another way to re-create the baby’s sense of calm in the womb

that, even if your baby’s crying is frustrating and unnerving you,

is with calming movements. Other crying babies are calmed by

things will get better, naturally, in a few months. In the meantime,

smooth, rhythmic movements, like being rocked in a rocking chair,

anything that you can do to reduce stress in your, and your baby’s

hammock, or infant swing. You can also make it a point to get out

environment will help. Make sure that you get plenty of breaks

of the house every day with your baby. Not only will the motion

from caring for your child. If you can, seek support from your

calm your baby, but, it will also help you to feel relaxed, which will

partner, family, and close friends. Get out into nature and meet

create a virtuous cycle of positive emotions.

with other mums. Try to prioritise domestic tasks so you can spend

One of the myths about colic is that you can “spoil” your baby

more time focusing on providing a calm environment for the baby.

by responding to her cries or holding her too much. The evidence just doesn’t support this. Instead, it shows that colic can be

Try a gentle touch

overcome with patience, dedication and a sense of calm.

Anyone who has ever received a massage understands the power of touch to relieve stress. Well, massage isn’t just for adults – babies can benefit from massage as well! You don’t even need a “professional” to give your baby a massage. All you need is a warm bath, a quiet, dimly lit room and your own magical hands.

26 Parenting Insights | 2018

Article courtesy of Medela Australia medela.com

It is not normal for breastfeeding to hurt Many mothers feel some nipple pain that ceases beyond the initial attachment in the early weeks. If pain lasts beyond the initial

Night feeds are important for babies and mothers

attachment or if there are signs of nipple damage, these things

Prolactin (the hormone that tells the breast to make milk) is highest

usually mean that a baby is not attached well to their mother’s

at night, so night feeds are important for your milk supply. Babies

breast. If your nipple becomes sore after a period of comfortable

have small stomachs that need to be re-filled often, including

feeding, you may have a nipple infection. If breastfeeding hurts, get

during the night. Night feeds ensure that a mother and her baby

help as soon as possible. For example, call one of our breastfeeding

have close contact around the clock. This helps a baby’s fast-

counsellors on the Breastfeeding Helpline on 1800 686 268. The

growing brain.

earlier a breastfeeding problem is dealt with, the easier it is to fix. If a counsellor feels you need more help, she will suggest a lactation

Breastfeeding mothers get more sleep

consultant or a medical adviser.

During the first 3 months, parents of exclusively breastfed babies may actually sleep longer at night (by 40 minutes on average) than

Most mothers can produce enough breastmilk

parents of babies who are given formula. Giving formula at night

Most mothers can make more than enough milk for their baby

to try to get more sleep doesn’t work. It may make things worse

(or babies!). Indeed, having too much breastmilk is common. If a

(e.g. if your baby doesn’t react well to the formula). Missing night-

mother has a low milk supply it is usually because her baby is not

time breastfeeds can reduce your milk supply. In the time you

feeding often enough.

take to make up a bottle in the middle of the night, your baby may become more distressed. Once they get used to it, most mothers

Breast size has nothing to do with milk production

find they can pick up and feed their baby without waking fully.

Breast size depends on how much fatty tissue you have. The larger

Breastfeeding hormones help both mother and baby relax and

the breast, the more fatty tissue and vice versa. It is the amount of

get back to sleep quickly.

glandular (milk producing) tissue in your breast that matters. If you follow your baby’s lead and breastfeed whenever your baby shows that they need a feed (by squirming, grunting, mouthing their hands and nuzzling into your breast), you will have plenty of milk.

28 Parenting Insights | 2018

The truth about breastfeeding Taking your new baby home is a time of great excitement, yet not without its challenges; one of which can be breastfeeding. Below we share with you some truths to dispel a number of common myths about breastfeeding that can affect the breastfeeding relationship between you and your baby.

You don’t need to wait for your breasts to fill up with milk

Your breast is more than a dummy

You don’t need to wait a certain amount of time before putting

was invented to be an artificial breast! Babies don’t breastfeed just

your baby back to your breast – there is always milk there. Your

for food. This often comes as a surprise to parents, but babies go

breasts are making milk all the time. The rate is related to how

to the breast for many reasons — they may be hungry, thirsty, tired,

much your baby drinks. If they drink more/ less, your breasts will

hurt, over-stimulated, bored, lonely, in the mood for cuddles, etc.

make more/ less. So if your baby still seems hungry after a feed,

All are equally valid reasons to breastfeed.

A breast cannot be a dummy, as the dummy (like the bottle teat)

you can put them back to the breast and there will be more milk there for a top up.

How to separate fact from fiction? • Speak to an ABA breastfeeding counsellor by calling

It is easy to tell how much breastmilk your baby is getting There are ways to tell whether your baby is getting enough (e.g. plenty of wet and dirty nappies, gaining weight, meeting

our Breastfeeding Helpline on 1800 686 268 • Look at the ABA website breastfeeding.asn.au and other ABA resources for current and accurate breastfeeding information

developmental milestones etc).

• Mix with other breastfeeding women

Soft breasts do not mean you have ‘lost’ your milk

• Seek a second (or third etc) opinion

Many mothers worry that they don’t have enough milk if their

• Be confident in your innate ability to breastfeed.

(e.g. attend ABA group get-togethers)

breasts feel soft, or if they cannot feel their let-down reflex. After

Nature has designed mothers and babies to breastfeed.

the early weeks, your body adjusts to your baby’s needs. The full feeling that you may have had in your breasts in the early weeks disappears. This simply means that your milk supply is now in sync with your baby’s needs. Some mothers never feel their let-down reflex. Fortunately there are other ways to tell when your let-down

Article courtesy of Australian Breastfeeding Association For more info visit breastfeeding.asn.au

reflex occurs. Your baby’s sucking changes from a shallow, quick suck to a deeper, more rhythmic suck and milk may drip from the other breast.

2018 | Parenting Insights

Adjusting to Fatherhood For some men the reality of fatherhood can be overwhelming. Just like mums, dads can also become distressed. Recent research reports 1 in 10 new dads will experience depression during pregnancy or the postnatal year.

ooking after yourself, your

relationship and your baby are an important part of making a healthy

Childbirth and motherhood is a big change for your partner too! Getting your sexual relationship back on track may take some time. In the

transition to fatherhood. So

meantime, there are other

what are the common concerns

ways to connect intimately

new dads experience, and how can dads help themselves and their family manage the first 12 months?

‘Sex might be on hold for a while. Try not to be impatient because this might damage the intimacy between you in the long run’ SMS4dads

with your partner. Show your affection through touch and communication. Kissing, cuddling and compliments are all great ways to let your partner know how you feel about her.

From my own research, the 3 most common concerns of new dads are:

Helping around the house and with the baby is another great way to help your relationship. Giving your partner timeout can help provide a better environment

1. ‘Work and financial commitments concern me more now I have a family’ Feeling the extra pressure as the family’s primary provider is quite normal, particularly when work arrangements offer little flexibility.

for intimacy.

3. ‘I don’t understand what is wrong with my baby when he/she cries’

In fact, 4 out of 5 of the dads in my study report financial

Understanding what your baby needs is a big concern

pressure and supporting the family as a main source of stress.

for new dads. Like any new job the best way to gain skills

Talking to your partner and employer about how to negotiate

and confidence is hands-on

balance, especially in the early weeks can reduce expectations

experience! So make the time to

and pressure on you and help you to feel more relaxed.

take the parenting reins. Bathing,

Balancing work and family commitments can also be

settling, reading, changing

‘Just because I am sucking my hands doesn’t always mean I am hungry. SMS4dads

stressful for new dads. Over half of the dads in the study felt

nappies and playing are all great

they didn’t spend enough time with their baby. This can be a

opportunities for dads to bond

tricky balance but the focus should be on the quality, not the

with their new baby. Smiling,

quantity, of time spent with your new baby.

singing and chatting with your baby will teach them important emotional and social skills well before they can comprehend a

‘New parents often worry about money at this time. If you and your partner have an honest discussion about money, you may both feel better’ SMS4dads 2. ‘I am unsatisfied with the frequency of sexual activity in our relationship’ At first the excitement of a new baby can strengthen a couple’s emotional connection. But as sleepless nights and the reality of parenting kicks in a couple’s intimate relationship can suffer. 30 Parenting Insights | 2018

single word. One-on-one ‘daddy’ time can help build a strong father-infant connection and give mum a well-deserved break. The new innovative SMS4dads program developed by the Fathers and Families Research Team at the University of Newcastle provides new dads and dads-to-be with great tips and advice direct to their mobile phone to help tackle these concerns and more. Article courtesy of Peach Tree Perinatal Wellness peachtree.org.au Written by Jaime Wroe Researcher in the Fathers and Families Team at the Family Action Centre, University of Newcastle For more information visit SMS4dads.com or email jaime.wroe@newcastle.edu.au

Welcome to the 4th trimester!

regnancy has three trimesters, but newborn babies are so

Create a peaceful environment

small and vulnerable that for them, the first few months of

The arrival of a new baby is a huge life transition, and it all

life outside the womb are truly a “4th trimester” of pregnancy. It is important during the 4 trimester to help babies make th

happens overnight. You need time to cope, so take it slow and lower your expectations about yourself. You will not “get it”

a gentle adjustment to their new world outside the womb. In

all and that’s OK. Just do the best you can, one day at a time.

the 40 weeks since conception, they have spent every moment

However, this doesn’t mean you have to tiptoe totally around the

in a warm and nurturing environment where every need was

baby – lower the sound levels and lights in the house, but don’t

attended to. Now, in the world outside the womb, they are

make a big effort to stay quiet during the day.

adjusting to a more varied and sometimes startling world of sound, colour and stimulation.

Breastfeed regularly The 4th trimester is the time to get started with breastfeeding.

Make the transition more like the womb

This is a critical opportunity to bond and enrich the baby’s health

In the 4th trimester, it is helpful to make the baby’s everyday

and nutrition with the minerals, micronutrients and immunity

experience feel as “womb-like” as possible. Wear your baby in

boosters that are part of “nature’s perfect baby food.” Keep in

a sling or baby-carrier to help mimic the feeling of being in the

mind that with breastfeeding, there is no “normal.” It’s not unusual

womb. Babies often prefer to be carried this way so they can feel

for newborns to breastfeed every 2–3 hours around the clock.

closely snuggled up to their mother’s body. During breastfeeding, try doing as much skin-to-skin contact

Take care of yourself

as possible. This helps the baby’s senses feel calm and soothed.

Let go of all expectations about sleep and schedules and follow

Another way to help the baby feel relaxed is to take baths

the advice to sleep when baby sleeps – seriously! Getting

together – the warmth and water vibrations will remind the baby

enough rest should be one of your very top priorities. Keep in

of being in the womb. Life in the womb was full of motion, so

mind that as a new mum, your hormones are still unpredictable.

get moving. Take a walk, push a stroller, or drive in the car. Many

Don’t worry about skin breakouts, dry hair, or moments of

babies will fall asleep more easily if they are riding in a car seat or

frustration or ill temper. No one is judging – least of all your

in a baby carrier or even just being held on mum or dad’s chest

beautiful baby!

while quietly pacing through the house.

Just go with the flow – don’t stress about making mistakes. Every day with a newborn is a huge learning experience as you build a relationship with this new amazing person in your life. Article courtesy of Medela Australia medela.com 2018 | Parenting Insights

shaped like a breast, feels like a breast, because babies prefer it that way.

a latch made in heaven If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re looking for the closest bottle to breast this is the bottle for you. Our award-winning Closer to Nature bottle features an easy-latch-on nipple that mimics the flex, stretch and shape of mumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s breast. So your baby is guaranteed to accept it.

Find out more at tommeetippee.com.au

Tips for a smooth transition from breast to bottle

hether you are moving from breast to bottle or combination feeding,

it can be pretty frustrating if your little one refuses the bottle. It will certainly lead you to wonder who the boss in

Start early

this relationship really is! It’s a problem

If you’re moving

many parents face and there’s lots of

onto a bottle as

advice out there but no magic solution.

you’re going back

But before you try every bottle brand

to work, give you and

on the market to find the one she likes,

your baby plenty of time

some perseverance and a common sense

to get into a new routine.

approach might get you a little closer and

If you’re planning on moving to

save you dollars.

formula, try to get them comfortable

Let’s face it, your baby has had the luxury of your warm comfortable breast

on the bottle with breastmilk before changing to formula.

so far and anything else isn’t going to be quite so lovely. So expecting instant

Bring in the volunteers

results is rather unrealistic. The longer

Imagine you’re on a diet and you’re

Closer to breast because babies prefer it that way

your baby has been on the breast, the

having your healthy lunch with a

Having a teat on your bottle that closely

more unimpressed he or she is likely to

scrumptious cake on the table. No

mimics your breast is likely to help your

be when you give them their bottle. So be

wonder your baby isn’t co-operating

baby accept the teats. Tommee Tippee

prepared for things not to go as smoothly

when the thing they want the most (your

Teats are most breast-like in shape and

as you might expect.

breast) is right there. Try getting others

also movement, so your baby is more

to do the feed so you’re not around to

likely to accept.

But before you tear your hair out, remember most babies go through this and get there in the end. Here’s some bottle feeding advice for you to take into

remind them of what they’d prefer. Article courtesy of Tommee Tippee Find many more hints and tips at tommeetippee.com.au

account if your baby won’t take a bottle.

2018 | Parenting Insights

Important tips for hygienic handling of expressed breast milk Storage tips • Freshly pumped breast milk that you don’t want to use right

Tips on warming the milk • Warm breast milk in a bottle warmer (max. 34 to 37°C) or in

away should be placed in the refrigerator immediately. If you

a bowl of lukewarm water. Even though the milk may seem

express a second lot later on, you can add it to the first lot

a little too cool, it’s just the right temperature for your baby

once it has cooled. At the end of the day, you can freeze all the breast milk you have expressed in one container

• Never boil breast milk or heat it in the microwave. Valuable ingredients will be lost and your baby could scald its mouth.

• If you want to store breast milk in the refrigerator for a few days, place it on the lowest shelf at the back. This is the coldest part of the refrigerator. Never store bottles of breast milk on the refrigerator door • Label all containers with the date, so that you always use the oldest lots first

Cleaning tips • Clean everything that comes into contact with your breast, the breast milk or the baby’s mouth after every use: 1. Rinse everything with cold water. 2. Then wash it in warm soapy water. 3. Now rinse everything in clear water. Prior to the first use,

Storage guidelines

and once daily thereafter, boil all individual components

• At room temperature 16 – 26°C Maximum 4 – 6 hours is optimal

in a pan of water for five minutes. Alternatively, place

• If hygiene conditions are very good, 6 – 8 hours is possible

them on the upper shelf of the dishwasher, or use a

• In the fridge ≤ 4°C Maximum 72 hours is optimal

Quick Clean microwave bag.

• If the hygiene conditions are very good, 5 – 8 days is possible • In the freezer < -18°C 6 months is optimal • If the hygiene conditions are very good, 12 months is acceptable

Transportation tips • Keep breast milk as cool as possible during transportation, for example in a cool bag. Put this in the refrigerator the evening before and place the ice pack in the freezer. Put the expressing bottles on the bottom shelf of the fridge overnight.

Article courtesy of Medela Australia medela.com

34 Parenting Insights | 2018

Teething symptoms and solutions Teething can be a difficult time, for infants and parents too. It can be frustrating to see your little one uncomfortable as their new teeth come through. NUK helps identify teething symptoms and ways to help soothe the pain.

When will my child grow its first teeth?

What about pain medication?

The first teeth will usually grow between six to eight months.

Consult your paediatrician. Taking pain and fever reducing

This may be a little painful. The pressure pain can be soothed by

medicine may help relieve some symptoms.

teething rings or a massage instrument, which makes it easier continue to use the soother. Just watch out in case teeth leave

When do I have to start brushing my child’s teeth? How often?

marks or even cracks in it, and replace the soother in this case.

‘When the first tooth is fully present, it can and should be

for children to have the teeth break through. You can, however,

cleaned. This is possible with a child toothbrush that is round,

Teething Symptoms

soft and adapted to a small child’s needs. You can also use a

Drooling, biting, coughing, irritability and of course, crying,

moist cloth wrapped around your finger. At the latest when

are common symptoms of teething. All babies will experience

the molars are present, around one year of age, the toothbrush

teething differently; some won’t have any symptoms at all and

should be used more intensely, and you should brush the child’s

will have a full mouth of teeth without any pain. For others, try

teeth together with the child. It will soon learn how to use the

these easy remedies:

brush and then later be able to clean its own teeth. Brush teeth as required. Generally, once per day until one year of age, and

Teething Solutions

then twice per day, as for adults.’

Teething rings – Try a teething ring that you can refrigerate for freeze a teether as this too can cause pain on sensitive gums.

When should I take my child to a dentist for the first time?

Teethers with friendly designs or soft nubs can help baby

Once the first teeth sneak through, visit the dentist for a friendly

with additional comfort.

check-up. Try making this outing a fun event – bring along

Cold food – Cold yogurts, applesauce or frozen fruits can help

siblings or ask whether the dentist can move the chair up and

soothe sore gums. Serve in the NUK Fill & Freeze Pops for babies

down. Regular check-ups should be performed from two

over 10 months or use a feeder for babies from 6 months.

years old, when all teeth have grown. At first, check-ups can be

Always supervise while eating.

performed once a year and later twice a year like for an adult.

extra relief, the cooling effect will help numb the gums. Never

Lots of TLC – Without doubt, the easiest remedy to give to your child. Sometimes extra kisses and cuddles help soothe baby and are just as effective.

Article courtesy of NUK in partnership with Dr Hubertus von Treuenfels nuk.com.au 2018 | Parenting Insights

Postnatal depression D

epression

I can’t help but wonder what that journey would have been like

in mothers

if I had reached out for help sooner.

is real. In fact, it’s all around us. But it is hidden behind so much stigma and judgment that it’s very hard to speak up and own it. As a society, we put so many labels on people. It seems as though the label of “bad mother” is one of the worst anybody could wear. There was a time in my life when I became an expert at hiding

Pregnancy and early parenthood are the most high risk times in a woman’s life for developing depression. If you are pregnant or have young children and you are unsure whether what you are feeling is within the realm of “normal motherhood”, you’re not alone. Reach out to a friend or family member and ask them to help you visit a GP to discuss the mental illness that is depression and the many different faces it wears. The sooner you get help, the sooner you will be on your journey to a better place. Pregnancy and early parenthood are times of great change.

what was truly going on in my life, at pretending. My labour, birth

It’s normal to feel emotional or overwhelmed from time to time, but

and the immediate weeks after having my third baby are a blurry

if you are experiencing any of the symptoms below, it’s important to

memory. I only seem to be able to recall windows in time, but

discuss them with your doctor or another health professional.

somehow all of those windows mesh into one another to cover

• feeling empty/teary/exhausted /overwhelmed

a time span of three and a half years. The things I do remember?

• feeling guilty and inadequate

I remember holding my baby close, loving her while I cried.

• diminished pleasure and/or interest in activities

There was a lot of crying. I remember not wanting people to

(particularly those that you used to enjoy)

come over to visit me. I remember feeling despair at my failure

• loss of confidence and self esteem

to function, at not being able to get things like a basic phone call

• inability to cope

done. I remember that sitting in the corner of my wardrobe was

• sleep disturbance unrelated to baby’s needs

comforting, as was completely covering myself under the doona.

• negative obsessive thoughts

I remember feeling like I was always late, running behind and

• change in appetite

never catching up. I remember the sleepless nights – lying awake

• fear of being alone

even as my baby slept. I remember not being able to eat for most

• worrying about harming self or children

of the day, and then eating a whole block of chocolate and hating

• wanting to be alone, withdrawing from social circle

myself, then not eating again for the rest of the day. I remember

• loss of concentration and memory

the anguish at not being able to communicate with my husband,

• difficulty with decision making

my frustration that he didn’t understand what was going on with

• crying for no reason

me. I remember the disengagement with my two elder children,

• being irritable and moody

and screaming at them with rage that seemed to suddenly

• feeling negative all the time

overcome me, as though someone had flipped a switch. But most

• thoughts of suicide or wanting to escape

of all, I remember the voice. The voice that didn’t go away, that was always telling me I was failing, that life was too hard and I was

Where to go for help:

useless. It was there when I woke up in the morning, when I was

• Your GP, obstetrician, midwife or other

driving in the car, when I was in the shower, when I was talking to people. I didn’t tell anyone about the voice or how it bullied me into pieces. I think the hardest part of having postnatal depression was the fact I had to hide so much of it. Sure, I shared bits and pieces, but

healthcare professional you trust • Perinatal Anxiety and Depression Australia (PANDA): National Helpline: Mon to Fri, 10am – 5pm AEST, 1300 726 306 panda.org.au • Peach Tree Perinatal Wellness peachtree.org.au

I was never able to show on a day-to-day basis just how much I was hurting on the inside. And, unfortunately for me, I believe that prolonged period of not speaking up and not getting help meant I had more obstacles and a longer road to travel towards wellness. 36 Parenting Insights | 2018

Article by Viv Kissane Co-founder and CEO of Peach Tree Perinatal Wellness peachtree.org.au

Can I fit three car seats in my car? O

ne of the biggest challenges facing parents with growing families is considering how they will possibly add a third car

seat to the back of their car. Although welcoming a new family

The Britax Safe N Sound Graphene™ has their narrowest footprint at only 285 mm, making it perfect for cars with small internal widths.

addition is exciting, keeping them safe on the move can be tricky when your car already has two child car restraints. Don’t panic! There are a few tips (and particular car seats) that can make this process easier.

Tip 1: Understand the Law Understanding which car seats your children require is the first

seats

step. Children up to 6 months old must be secured in an approved,

are not

properly fastened and adjusted, rearward-facing child car seat.

squashed

If your child is 6 months – 4 years old, they require a

side by side.

rearward-facing child car seat or a forward-facing child car seat

Additionally, car

with an inbuilt harness. From 4 years up to 8 years children must

seat installation can be

be secured in an approved, properly fastened and adjusted,

made easier with ISOFIX. Look out

forward-facing child car seat with an inbuilt harness or an approved

for ISOFIX compatible car seats for easier

booster seat which is properly positioned and fastened. Finally, from

installation, correct fit and a safer journey every time.

7 years of age, children can travel in a car secured in either a booster seat or the car’s adult seat belt if they reach the minimum height

Tip 5: Take advantage of professional installers

requirement of 145 cm and can sit in an adult seat safely.

Car safety experts strongly recommend having your child’s car seat fitted professionally by an accredited installer, at least for the

Tip 2: Consider your car

first time. Having your car seat fitted professionally ensures your

Measure the back width and depth of your car seat so that

car seat is installed safely. It also allows you to pick up any tips and

you are certain of the space you have for your three car seats

advice the professional installer can offer you in order to fit three

before purchasing.

across the back.

Tip 3: Choose the right restraint for your family

Ensuring your three bundles of joy arrive to their desired

Some car seats are slimmer than others, and selecting compact

destination safe-n-sound is the most important thing.

designed car seats will make fitting three seats into the back of

That is why Britax have car seats designed to be “three across

your car easier. Our most advanced compact car seat has our

the back” friendly. Their Elite Fleet includes compact car seats

narrowest footprint at only 285 mm, making it perfect for cars

which maintain narrow, compact, installed depth making it

with small internal widths. Featuring patented Torso Side Impact

great for small cars and growing families requiring multiple

Cushion Technology , it is uniquely designed for optimised safety

seat configuration.

™

without compromise.

Tip 4: Think about positioning and installation Consider how you will position your car seats in order to make

Article courtesy of Britax britax.com.au

them fit comfortably. Alternating between rearward and forward facing seats where possible will mean that the widest part of the 2018 | Parenting Insights

All you need to know about eczema-prone skin Eczema, what is it?

What causes eczema?

Eczema-prone skin is a skin barrier disorder that affects 1 in 5

Eczema is caused by a defect in the skin barrier which allows

children . It appears as extreme dry skin on the body and face

moisture loss and the door open to allergens. In children prone

and alternates between eczema flare-ups with red patches

to eczema, the immune system is also more sensitive to stimuli.

and periods of relief. Eczema can appear, from the age of two

This sensitivity, combined with demands related to allergens,

months. It decreases severity over time and often disappears

provokes an intense inflammatory reaction in the skin

spontaneously, usually around the age of five or six. Meanwhile,

(characterised by red patches and itching).

eczema will disrupt your baby’s day-to-day life, because it often

A hereditary skin condition

translates to itching and discomfort.

We also know nowadays that eczema-prone skin may be linked to

(1)

Eczema alternates between periods of flare-up and periods

a genetic predisposition. There is a 40 – 50%(2) probability of a child

of respite. In fact, your baby may appear free of the condition

developing eczema before it turns two if one of its parents also

for a time and then it will show up as extremely dry skin on the

suffers from the condition. This figure rises to 50 – 80%(2) when

face and body, accompanied by localised patches of red skin and

both parents suffered from eczema.

itching sensations. The patches will appear on a baby’s cheeks, scalp, neck folds and even arms and legs. As the child grows, the

Preventing eczema: mission possible!

patches can be seen in skin folds, this time usually on elbows,

If there is a family history, you can take effective preventive

knees, wrists and eyelids.

measures right from birth. The latest scientific studies have shown

The itching and discomfort associated with eczema

that the daily application of an emollient from birth onward in the

flare-ups can persist at bedtime, which can cause difficulty

case of children with at least one eczema-prone skin parent

sleeping. Your baby’s quality of life can be affected, as itching

helps to reduce their risk of developing the symptoms of eczema

can result in chronic fatigue and increased irritability.

by 33 – 50% (3).

Early, long-lasting prevention is therefore key to your little one’s comfort.

38 Parenting Insights | 2018

So, there it is. Every day, protect your baby’s skin with a specific

Caring for your baby

baby-child fragrance-free emollient skincare (like Mustela

• To protect your baby skin and to stop itching, apply an

Stelatopia Emollient Cream or Balm). This is the best way to

emollient, lipid-replenishing skincare product specifically

replenish lipids in the skin and strengthen the skin barrier, thereby

formulated for babies and children, once a day after bathing

increasing the skin’s ability to defend itself against allergens that

your baby, on his face and body (twice a day in the case of

are responsible for skin problems.

extremely dry skin). Make sure it is gentle, hypoallergenic, and fragrance-free.

Practical day-to-day tips for caring for a baby with eczema

• Before you start, wash and dry your hands well, and then warm them by rubbing them together. Make little light massaging

After consulting your doctor to make sure that your baby is suffering from eczema, follow these simple tips.

movements with the cream (or balm). • In some cases, eczema is resistant, so emollients are not enough. In addition to emollients, a cream containing corticoids

Bathtime

should then be applied directly to the inflammatory flare-ups,

• Exchange your usual cleansing products for products

as prescribed by a doctor.

designed specifically for babies and children and formulated

• To prevent lesions when your child scratches an itchy patch,

for eczema-prone skin: gentle, hypoallergenic, and fragrance

cut his nails regularly.

and soap-free. • Bathtime should last no longer than 10 minutes and the water temperature should not exceed 35°C. A few drops of special baby / child bath oil suited to eczema-prone skin will compensate for the drying effect of hard water.

Article courtesy of Mustela in partnership with Dr Clarence de Belilovsky, a dermatologist and member of the Mustela Circle of experts. Mustela is a proud supporter of the Eczema Association Australasia. mustela.com.au

References: (1) Watson 2011, ISAAC 1998. (2) Böhme 2003, Taïeb 2008. (3) Eric L. Simpson 2014, Horimukai 2014.

60 YEARS OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH

OUR COMMITMENTS

INGREDIENTS

OF NATURAL ORIGIN

DESIGNED TO MINIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

2018 | Parenting Insights

Safe guarding YOUR LITTLE TREASURE

Although we need to let our babies and toddlers learn and discover, sometimes we need to protect them from themselves! A house can be a dangerous place for curious hands, but rather than punishing curiosity, it pays to prevent an incident from even occurring to begin with. Unfortunately, with dangers like power sockets, hot water, sharp corners, cooking utensils and medicine cabinets, there can be a fair bit to prevent. And once a toddler gains mobility, they can get up to any amount of mischief. From the earliest days, you can protect your child through a variety of safety measures. Some of these include baby monitors, room thermometers, smoke alarms, playpens, safety barriers, night lights, edge guards and drawer & door latches. Baby Bunting have an extensive range of child safety devices, so visit a store near you and have a chat with a team member to discover what you can do to protect your little treasure.

45 stores australia wide & still growing - find your nearest store at babybunting.com.au/stores we wonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be beaten on price

Supporting new & expectant parents in navigating the early years of parenthood

Taking the sting out of nappy rash! Here are some handy hints: • Change your baby’s nappy often so the skin is kept fresh and clean. This may mean a lot more nappy changes than normal during times when nappy rash is problematic.

there will be less residue that could be irritating. You could also try adding a cup of white vinegar to the final rinse cycle of your wash to break down any leftover soap residue and it will also keep the nappies

• Have “nappy free” time where

soft. If you are using modern cloth nappies

there is no nappy on to help

make sure you are changing them often or

the skin remain free of possible

you could try using a bamboo liner inside

irritants. Grab a waterproof

the nappy.

picnic blanket and lay bubs on

The remedial effects of natural

this so if there is an accident,

ingredients in skincare are well documented

it is easy to clean and won’t

and clinically proven, in particular the use

go everywhere.

of natural vegetable oils because of their

• Using liners in disposable nappies

emollient moisturising and skin protecting

may also benefit as they absorb

properties to help the skin maintain

wetness and keep it away from skin. Choose your disposable nappies carefully as many contain chemicals that

effective barrier functions. Look out for products containing: Avocado Oil – An emollient used to

some babies may find irritating. There

moisturise and soothe skin. Rich in many

are several eco-friendly nappies available

nutrients, including vitamins A and D, lecithin

now which may be more suitable and are

and potassium, it also contains essential

easy to purchase online.

fatty acids, which are useful for conditions

• It is important when washing your baby’s

Try using a liquid instead of a powder as

such as nappy rash and eczema. Chamomile – known as ‘The Children’s

appy rash is very common and

nappy area that you check the skin folds

can pop up anytime no matter

and that you are very gentle as rubbing

Remedy’ because it is helpful for soothing

the skin can cause friction and make

skin and is used on a wide range of

nappy rash worse.

complaints including eczema, irritation,

how diligent you are. Nappy rash mainly occurs when baby’s skin is covered by a wet or soiled nappy for

• Avoid soap – it disrupts the skin barrier

redness and inflamed skin conditions such as nappy rash.

too long. ‘Too long’ can vary from one baby

by stripping away natural oils and

to other and may be influenced by whether

causing dryness, which can make nappy

Calendula – is a favourite amongst

your baby is teething or unwell. Some

rash worse. Choose a soap-free cleanser

herbalists for its amazing ability to calm

babies will hardly get any nappy rash, while

as a gentle but effective option.

wounds very gently and effectively. It is very

• Wipes often have alcohol in them

soothing on irritated skin conditions, helping

others will get a lot, it depends on how sensitive their skin is. Nappy rash is caused by germs on the baby’s skin, in faeces, urine and on clothing (including nappies) creating ammonia

and this can cause further pain and discomfort on damaged skin, so look

to reduce redness and calm nappy rash. Aloe vera – is a skin nutrient renowned

for an alcohol–free wipe that also

for its soothing and hydrating action.

contains moisturising properties.

Aloe is used to soothe and moisturise

which can burn the skin. When the nappy

• Using a barrier balm to keep dampness

dry, damaged skin, minor cuts and burns

rubs on the irritated skin, it is exacerbated.

away from the skin can be beneficial.

and irritations like nappy rash, as well as

Often when babies are unwell, particularly

Be mindful not to rub vigorously as this

providing long-lasting moisturisation.

if they have diarrhoea, their skin seems to

can irritate the area, try to gently pat

become more sensitive. Other possible

the area to apply.

triggers include starting a new food,

• Use a talc-free powder to absorb

Thrush is an infection that may require additional treatment. It is important to seek medical assistance for any broken skin or

teething, chemicals in disposable nappies

excess moisture in your baby’s skin

rashes to ensure you know what it is and

or an infection on the skin such as thrush,

folds and keeps your baby drier.

how it should be treated.

which can make the rash worse.

• Changing cloth nappies often and

Eliminating the causes as much as possible

washing them in laundry liquids which

will help to minimise nappy rash.

are labelled for sensitive skin may help.

42 Parenting Insights | 2018

Article courtesy of Michelle Vogrinec – Founder GAIA Skin Naturals

THE BENEFITS OF

baby massage for you and baby According to the International Association of Infant Massage, there is both research and anecdotal evidence from families which shows that there are many ways that babies and parents may benefit from infant massage.

Relaxation & constipation

petrochemicals, mineral oil, and artificial fragrances or heavy

The relaxation benefits are well known, from assisting with

scents. A natural edible plant-based oil, as recommended by the

sleep patterns, increased flexibility and muscle tone to calming

Infant Massage Association, is best.

and reduction of stress, but what may be lesser known is that

Mums who prefer not to use an oil may like to choose a

massage may assist in the relief of gas and colic, constipation,

baby moisturiser as a massage lotion instead. The moisturising

growing pains, teething and muscular cramps.

properties of shea butter, cocoa butter combined with nourishing organic oils make a lovely non-greasy alternative.

System stimulation Infant massage may also stimulate baby’s circulatory and

Of course, if an irritation occurs, stop using any product immediately and consult your medical professional.

digestive systems, hormonal and immune systems, coordination and balance, learning and concentration, muscular development

Other tips on getting started with baby massage

and growth and even their mind and body awareness, so

You don’t have to be an expert in baby massage. You and your

you may find it an important part of maintaining your baby’s

baby can benefit simply by setting up the scene and using gentle

total wellbeing.

touch, such as massaging moisturiser or massage oil into your baby’s arms, body and legs, then turn them over onto their

Communication & confidence

tummy and massage your moisturiser or oil into their back,

In addition to the physical benefits for the baby, interaction

perhaps after baby’s bath.

between parent and child during massage may promote bonding and secure attachment, verbal/non-verbal communication,

Another great time to offer infant massage is as part of baby’s

development of trust and confidence, and feelings of love and

bedtime routine. After a warm bath with a moisturising soap-

being valued, for both parties! This can be a particularly special

free wash (ideally one with calming oils like lavender, chamomile

time for dads that are away at work all day or an intimate

or ylang ylang), pop on some soothing music and spend a few

‘time-out’ for first-time mums struggling to adjust to the huge

minutes gently massaging your oil or moisturiser into their skin

demands of 24/7 parenting.

while telling a bedtime story and slowly getting them dressed. This routine often helps them relax and prepare for a peaceful

How to choose a massage oil, what to look for

night’s sleep!

Your midwife, maternal health nurse or medical professional can advise you on the best oil to use for your baby but definitely avoid using oils which are meant for adult use or adult massage,

Article courtesy of Michelle Vogrinec – Founder GAIA Skin Naturals

they are not suitable for babies. Choose an oil which is free from 2018 | Parenting Insights

Newborn bath basics

Test the water temperature using a bath

in a towel to keep them warm. Start by

thermometer if you have one, or if you

wiping each eye with a separate piece of

don’t, use your wrist rather than your

cotton wool dampened with warm water,

hand, it should feel neither hot nor cold.

working from the inner corner outwards.

andling a wiggling, wet baby can feel

The recommended bath temperature for

Do not wash the eye itself.

a little awkward at first but with this

babies is about 36 –38°C.

Use a new piece to wipe around their mouth and nose, then another

handy step-by-step guide, you will be an

clean piece for their ears and face. Using

you have all the things you need within

Now you’re ready, the first step is to ‘top and tail’

arm’s reach of the bath.

Top and tail a newborn for the first month

neck, focusing on the skin folds, behind

prior to bathing to avoid cross infection,

the ears and under their arms where milk

Getting ready

as well as in between bathing to freshen

and fluff can get trapped. Take another

Choose a time of day when you’re not

their skin if you are not bathing every day.

piece and clean their ears and face.

expecting any interruptions. The bath

“Top and tailing” simply means to carefully

should be positioned somewhere stable,

wash your baby’s face, neck, hands and

in your baby’s ears or nose, just wipe

at a height where you can comfortably hold

nappy area without having to totally

what you can see.

your baby (a table is often best) and make

immerse your baby in water.

expert in no time! Before you start, ensure

another dampened cotton pad, clean their

Never put anything like a cotton bud

Tailing

sure you have access to running water.

Topping

Washing your baby’s genitals, bottom and

or enough water to allow your baby to

Lay your baby down on the floor or change

nappy area is the ‘tailing’. Keeping your baby’s

settle in the water with their shoulders

table, with the clean cotton pads and bowl

upper body covered with a towel, remove

well covered. To avoid over drying your

of warm water nearby. Always use fresh

their nappy (watch out for the fountain!)

baby’s skin, add a squirt of a mild, baby

cotton pads when cleansing the separate

bath wash to the bath and swirl around

areas to avoid cross infection. Undress your

to some extent and are very delicate, so

with your hand.

baby down to their nappy and wrap them

cleaning this area requires special care.

SENSITIVE

SKIN

N OT

FORMULAS

D SULPHAT E AN

FUL

EE FR

SO A

Fill the bath with about 10 –13 cm of water

HAR

SH OR

Nourishing care for pregnancy + new mum Worried about stretchmarks? Try GAIA’s Belly Butter and Belly Oil: Contains skin loving oils like rosehip, jojoba and wheat germ May help to reduce the appearance of stretch marks and the possibility of new ones Maintains skin suppleness and elasticity

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SKIN+ BODY

pure natural organic

44 Parenting Insights | 2018

www.gaiaskinnaturals.com

Your baby’s genitals will self-clean

If your baby girl has had a very dirty

gently lower them into the bath, feet first,

You may want to apply a baby

nappy and poo has got within her vaginal

keep a close hold at all times. The water

moisturiser to lock in hydration and

area, with a fresh moist cotton pad, gently

should be covering their shoulders so

protect against dryness.

wipe the area from top to bottom, or front

they don’t get cold.

Put their nappy on. Applying a barrier cream to the nappy area to protect

to back and down the middle. Then with

Continue to keep a good grip and

a new clean cotton pad, wipe each side

support their head with one arm, as they

against the causes of nappy rash might

within her labia.

may get quite slippery when they are wet,

also be helpful. Products containing zinc

and use your other hand to sprinkle some

and castor oil are highly recommended

penis and scrotum area, avoiding pulling

water over your bub’s skin and gently

by medical professionals.

back the foreskin, and also wipe front to

wipe clean with a washer.

For an uncircumcised boy, wash the

Gentle touch and hearing your voice is a nice way to increase bonding. Singing

back. Don’t try to pull back his foreskin to

Washing their hair comes last so

clean. If circumcised, don’t wash the head

your baby doesn’t get cold. While most

or talking your baby through what you

of the penis until it’s healed.

newborns don’t have much hair, you

are doing as you bathe them can help to

can sponge what is there. To avoid

provide comfort and support. Now it is

cleaned and patted dry to avoid infection

getting eyes wet, tip the head back just

time to get dressed, wrap them up in a

and chaffing from damp skin particularly

a little. Supporting your baby’s head and

warm blanket and snuggle!

if you have a nice chubby baby!

neck, lift them out of the bath then place

Ensure all skin folds have been

If you are not continuing on to a bath, it’s also a good idea to use a barrier cream

on his back on a clean, dry, soft towel. Wrap to warm and gently pat dry

on the nappy area to protect against the

your baby’s skin rather than rubbing.

causes of nappy rash. Dress your baby and

Pay attention to ensuring you dry in the

wrap them in a blanket to keep bubs warm.

skin folds and creases, including armpits,

Article courtesy of Michelle Vogrinec – Founder GAIA Skin Naturals

or chaffing.

SENSITIVE

SKIN

FORMULAS

D SULPHAT E AN EE FR

N OT

Gentle care for baby soft skin...naturally

H HAR Ideal from birth to toddler and beyond SH OR Sensitive skin formulas Contains pure, natural and organic ingredients Free from sulphates, parabens and more Created by a mum Eczema friendly G

FUL

Cradle your baby’s head with one arm,

and behind the ears, to avoid infection

SO A

groin, under the chin, around the neck

Now for bath time!

www.gaiaskinnaturals.com 2018 | Parenting Insights

Demystifying some common questions about soothers

good soother has many talents: it satisfies an infant’s natural need to suck and exercises the mouth and jaw

muscles. Above all it calms your baby down while giving a feeling of security.

Does my child need a soother?

calms them too. For many children breastfeeding alone is not

Which is better: soother or thumb?

enough to soothe them, so a soother can help. ‘This so-called

Soothers are softer and more flexible than a thumb.

non-nutritive sucking is often still present after drinking, and a

A soother with an intelligent teat shape following the

soother will help here. But while experience shows that many

contours of baby’s mouth, unlike a thumb, promotes the

baby´s need a soother, don’t force one on your baby if it doesn’t.

healthy development of the mouth and reduces the risk of

For the rest, soothers also make a mother’s everyday life easier’

teeth misalignment.

Every baby enters the world with an innate need to suck. It not only makes sure they can get their precious breast milk, it also

says orthodontist Dr Hubertus von Treuenfels.

Find your tribe

Emma Louise Photography

Raising twins, triplets or more is an experience. AMBA provides opportunities for you to create connections, maintain your sanity and share insights with other multiple birth families. Connect with us and meet your network. 46 Parenting Insights | 2018

www.amba.org.au facebook.com/AustralianMultipleBirthAssociation

‘If a child sucks their thumb a lot, changes to the jaw may occur

Latex soothers are made from natural latex milk and are highly

and an open bite may result. This is because a thumb is not very

elastic and very pliable ideal for teething babies. In the end, your

pliable and does not adapt to the conditions in the mouth as well

child will decide which soother it prefers.

as a soother would.’ In general, it is easier to stop using a soother too because you do not always have it to hand.

There are different soother shapes – which one is best for my baby?

My baby is teething. Can I continue to use a soother?

‘If you have the choice between a cherry-shaped or jaw-adapted

‘The first teeth will grow between the six and eight months. This

These soothers are designed to facilitate jaw growth and tooth

may be a little painful. The pressure pain can be soothed by

row alignment. For these reasons, specialists and researchers

teething rings or a massage instrument, which makes it easier

developed a shape that is adapted to the form the nipple assumes

for children to have the teeth break through. You can, however,

in the child’s mouth while breastfeeding.’

(asymmetrical) soother, I would recommend the second.

continue to use the soother. Just watch out in case teeth leave marks or even cracks in it, and replace the soother in this case’

When should I replace a soother?

says Dr Hubertus von Treuenfels.

It is time for a new soother every 1 to 2 months. If it is damaged in the slightest way it should be replaced immediately.

There are transparent and golden soothers. What is the difference between materials? Transparent soothers are most common and are made from silicone. Silicone is heat resistant and will not deteriorate easily

NUK Australia, PO Box 5199 Chittaway Bay, NSW 2261 | 1800 804 918 | info@nuk.com.au

NUK is a registered trademark of MAPA GmbH, Germany

** Independent market research, 50 orthodontists, 50 paediatricians, 50 midwives, Germany 2017

* Independent market research, 307 mothers, Germany, 2017

due to light and sun exposure plus is neutral in taste and smell.

www.nuk.com.au

Article courtesy of NUK in partnership with Dr Hubertus von Treuenfels nuk.com.au NUK is the only brand with teats and soothers accredited by the International Dental Health Foundation.

The new NUK Soothers calm better than ever before. NUK developed the first orthodontic soother back in 1956 and has now made the original shape even better. It is modelled on a mother’s nipple as she breastfeeds, fitting optimally into a baby’s mouth when the baby sucks on it. The result:

No nipple confusion 92 % of the breastfeeding mothers confirm that the new NUK Soothers do not affect breastfeeding.*

Easy acceptance NUK Soothers feel familiar and fit optimally into babies’ mouths. 95 % of the babies accept them.*

Recommended by orthodontists

90 %

of the mothers recommend the new NUK Soothers.*

100 % of the orthodontists confirm that the new NUK Soothers do not cause crooked teeth or jaw misalignment.**

NUK. Understanding Life.

2018 | Parenting Insights

MAKING YOUR HOME KIDSAFE A child brings many changes into a home â&#x20AC;&#x201C; including a lot of mess and sleepless nights â&#x20AC;&#x201C; but there are also some changes that need to be made to help ensure your house is safe for your children.

48 Parenting Insights | 2018

What are some of the major injury hazards in the home?

common location where child injuries occur. Children spend

Common injury hazards in the home include:

e often think of our homes as safe and secure places, so you may be surprised to learn that the home is the most

the majority of their early years growing, playing and learning in the home environment, which is why it is important that you take the time to identify and address any potential injury hazards in your home.

• Fall hazards – things like stairs, furniture /nursery products (e.g. change tables, high chairs, baby walkers, cots and prams) as well as windows and balconies • Poisonous substances – items such as medication (prescription and over the counter), button batteries

Making your home kid safe – where to start? So you have a little one on the way or you have a little one who is on the move and starting to explore your house – where do

and household cleaning products (bleach, dishwashing powder/ tablets, toilet bowl discs etc.) • Tip over hazards – large items of furniture like TV’s,

you start when thinking about making your home kid safe? The

bookcases and drawers can tip over if children climb

good news is that there are some simple steps you can take to

or pull on them

make your home a safer place for children.

• Strangulation hazards – loose, looped curtain and blind cords pose a major strangulation hazard in many homes

There are three main steps to consider:

• Choking hazards – small items like coins, buttons and toys

1. Spot the hazards

• Water hazards – children can drown in as little as a few

The first step in reducing the risk of injury is to spot

centimetres of water so along with pools and spas, smaller

any potential hazards that may exist in your home. It may

bodies of water like baths, buckets, eskys with melted ice

sound like a funny idea, but Kidsafe suggests that you get

and even pets drinking bowls can pose a drowning hazard.

down on your hands and knees and crawl around your

house – this will allow you to view possible hazards from

It is important to note that as your child grows and

your child’s level. Identifying all possible hazards in your

becomes more mobile they will have access to a whole

home can be tricky, however the good news is that Kidsafe

new range of hazards – this means that making your

Victoria has a handy, free home safety checklist that you can

home kid safe will be a continuous process. When

download from kidsafevic.com.au to assist you.

assessing the safety of your home it is a good idea to not

only think of what hazards your child has access to now,

2. Decide how to deal with the hazard

but also what hazards they may have access to in the near

This step depends on the type of hazard you are dealing

future, to help keep them protected when they do become

with. Options may include removing the hazard you have

more mobile.

identified (e.g. removing a poisonous plant from the garden),

By following these simple steps you can help

or guarding against the hazard (e.g. placing a stair gate at the

make your home a happy and safe environment for the

top and bottom of the stairs or placing locks on cupboards

whole family.

that contain poisonous items). It is important that safety products (e.g. cupboard locks) aren’t relied upon on their own – these should always be used in conjunction with

For more information and advice on home safety and a wide range of child injury topics, please visit kidsafevic.com.au

active adult supervision to help keep children safe. 3. Make the changes It is important that you deal with the hazards you identify immediately – your children won’t be protected until safety measures have been put in place.

2018 | Parenting Insights

The essentials of baby play Opportunities for play The process of play is far more important that toys. However, toys are usually the main objects that babies play with because they have the advantage of being safe and specially adapted to their age and abilities. Toys that capture attention and provide endless entertainment include rattles, plastic tea sets, books with brightly coloured pictures and a toy telephone. Toys that help develop crucial skills such as problem-solving and perseverance include large plastic

bricks, balls, nesting cups and stackers. Toys that develop lay is fundamental

to healthy brain development. It

fine motor skills include puzzles and crayons. Toys that develop large motor skills include push-along or ride-on toys. Providing the best conditions for play does not mean purchasing the most expensive toys on the market.

lays the foundation for reading, writing, mathematical reasoning

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Very often, homemade or household objects offer the best value and will keep baby happy,

and problem solving. Play

interested and busy. However, if the object fits

provides an emotional outlet

through a kitchen roll cylinder it is not safe.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

for tension and frustration and it is crucial to the socialisation process.

Homemade or everyday objects must be carefully supervised

In fact, play is so important that it has been globally

and removed from the cot during daytime naps and at bedtime.

recognised to be a fundamental human right. Play can be quiet or noisy, energetic or passive, social or

Play time with carers, extended family members and close friends can also be enriching. For example, they can show the baby

non-social, relaxed or serious, imaginative or purposeful. Play

how a new toy works or get involved in turn-taking activities such

may or may not require toys or equipment. It does not need an

as rolling a ball back and forth. Babies also know that they are loved,

end product. Play is a spontaneous, self-motivated activity that is

and fun to be around.

initiated and controlled by the baby. However, play at all levels must bring pleasure and fulfilment. If it is not fun, it is not play.

The process of play

Other types of play might include listening to stories or music, dancing, singing, rhymes and songs, bouncing games and peek-aboo. Including babies in household chores, taking them shopping, swimming, to the park or on a nature walk are also forms of play.

Most play involves use of the hands in some way, starting first with

In addition, going to a parent and baby group can offer scope for

swiping and then with proper reaching. These little experiments

social play and the opportunity for fun conversations to develop.

soon lead on to grasping, which means that objects can be brought to the mouth for further exploration. Mouthing generally decreases when babies start using their

The best opportunities for play usually occur during routine activities such as feeding, nappy changing, dressing, bath or bedtime. The simplest form of play involves

hands to explore and manipulate objects. With the development of

plenty of eye contact, facial expressions,

the pincer grip, babies waste little time in working out how to pick

vocalisations, smiles and words of

up the smallest object. At this time, parents must be extra cautious

encouragement.

about safety. Anything that is small enough to be swallowed should be removed and plug sockets should be covered up.

50 Parenting Insights | 2018

Article courtesy of Dr Lin Day Babysensory.com.au

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Safe travels Choosing the safest car restraint for your child

hat is the safest child restraint? It’s a question that’s

frequently asked, but one quite difficult to answer. The short answer is ‘depends’. The full answer is a little more complicated and nuanced. Ultimately there are many factors you’ll need to consider. You could start by comparing all of the restraint makes and models on the market through a crash testing regime and judge them comparatively, but these would all be based

Relationship to vehicle

on the same vehicle seat geometry and collision simulation.

The child restraint you choose has to be compatible with your

The question then arises, would that accurately apply to your

vehicle. Some incompatibility issues may be minor inconveniences,

specific situation? Comparisons may help to some degree,

but others may affect your ease of use, functionality and collision

but there are other factors that need to be considered.

outcomes. Only you can decide the compromises you’re willing to make, so whenever possible always deal with a retailer that has

What contributes to a child restraint being safe?

some experience of the make and model of vehicle you drive or

There is a short list of basics to consider:

one who is willing to place the product into your car so you can

• How it interrelates to your vehicle seat and equipment • Harnessing at both lower body (hip area) and upper body (chest/shoulders) • Appropriate harness positioning choices for different length/height of the child. • Side impact protection (Especially pertaining to the passenger’s head).

check all of the functionality aspects. Harnesses The harnessing systems of all brands and models are similar – design standards ensure that – but the big difference can come from how readily they adjust in daily use. Harnesses need to be adjusted each time they’re used; not once in a while, every time. It holds true, and it’s supported by the decades of experience we have with the parenting community, that if a harness is difficult to use, it often won’t be used correctly. Please take the time to check that the harness operates easily and reliably on the product you’re considering. The harness is your first line of defence in safety and every other aspect relies on it being correct. It absolutely needs to be done right every time.

52 Parenting Insights | 2018

Make a choice that will benefit you and your child and when you narrow down the list of the products you feel are appropriate, always focus on simplicity, functionality and ease of use factors. Another thing to consider is that cushions, no matter how many are added, are not generally safety items. In fact, cushions can affect the safe use and operation of safety features like the Harness positioning Being able to change the configuration of the harness to ensure it’s suitable for the changing needs of your child as

harness! There’s a very good reason motorcyclists don’t have soft helmets, so remember that how something feels does not always match up with the safety it offers.

they grow is an essential consideration. Configurations to accommodate your child growing or alternatively reverting to

Extended use factors

smaller sizes for younger or smaller children are important. The

Something else that can affect your choice is the product’s

most common reconfiguration function relates shoulder strap

extended usable period. Rather than the number of years of use

height and the wider the variety of height settings a restraint has,

you can get with a multipurpose choice (‘convertible’) restraint;

the more it allows for appropriate harness set up.

this refers to how well it adds value to safety.

Impact protection

There are two areas you’ll need to focus on:

Technology and design advancements mean side impact

1. Extended rear facing (ERF) capability for infants

protection features are more comprehensive in contemporary models, offering higher levels of energy absorption and better positioning.

and younger children (possibly up to 30 months) 2. Extended six point harnessing capability (possibly up to 8 years)

Naturally some products are designed with additional features that can offer additional levels of safety when compared

Starting with ERF, all passengers are better protected if facing

to other products. However, most of the claims have not been

the rear during a frontal collision. While this may not always be

directly tested in comparison to others and which product will

desirable or practical for some parents when the child is getting

provide the safest environment under specific circumstances is

larger, it’s known to be safest. However, when you’re considering

still largely a matter of guesswork.

ERF, also factor in other vehicle safety matters. For example, in

Regardless of features, claims and their benefits, it is well recognised that most child restraints are, in some way, used incorrectly which can compromise their effectiveness and level

a wagon anything in the cargo area not secured is a potential missile and facing the rear may increase injury risk! A restraint comparison of a six point harness with a standard

of protection. Simply, you can put your trust in claims that a

lap sash seat belt shows that the seatbelt sash is less likely to

particular restraint is the absolute best, but if you’re not using

remain in a proper position. This is particularly so if the child is

it correctly all those benefits could account for little.

short, fidgets, falls asleep or any combination thereof. A six point

It is often said that the safest restraint is the one you have

harness is the most reliable in this respect and may provide piece

when you use it correctly. We’re not trying to be flippant or

of mind until the child is around 8 years of age – an enormous

avoid answering the question that starts this article. We want

benefit over a standard lap and sash belt arrangement.

to highlight an area of great concern – generally speaking the biggest problem with child transit safety in Australia is not the

‘Let’s all travel safely’.

quality of the child restraint, but rather its incorrect use. Australian and international standards aside, the most carefully designed and comprehensively equipped child restraint is useless unless it is correctly used.

Article courtesy of the child passenger safety technicians at ACRI acri.com.au

2018 | Parenting Insights

Thinking secondhand? Maybe think a second time The true cost of buying secondhand

e all know that having a baby can put a strain on the finances, especially with so many items to buy: cots,

change tables, prams, car seats … just to name a few. It can be tempting to pick up a secondhand bargain for some items, but before you do it’s important to consider what you’re actually buying.

Why buy new? Most new products have to meet stringent safety standards, which are continually updated to ensure they are as safe for your baby as possible. A product which was thought to be safe two or three years ago may now be considered a danger. New products that comply with these standards are clearly labeled, giving you peace of mind when you make your purchase. If there is a fault, you know manufacturers have to fix it or refund your money. Under Australian Consumer law, product safety is regulated and your rights as a consumer are protected. Buying a product secondhand does not give you this same protection.

54 Parenting Insights | 2018

Product developments ensure prams, strollers and joggers meet the ever changing needs of consumers who often use prams and accessories to improve their lifestyle. There should be two separate locking devices to prevent it from collapsing accidentally and new prams are designed with high-quality mechanisms to ensure your child’s It can also be daunting the first time you use some

fingers, arm, legs, head and body won’t be trapped. Locks

nursery products and the great thing about new products

on secondhand products might not work properly. It is also

is that they come with a full list of instructions on how

important that the wheel bearings are not worn, as this can

to use them correctly and safely. Anyone who’s tried

cause ‘wheel-wobble’ and even make brakes ineffective.

to assemble a cot or a pram knows they can be quite

While bearings can be replaced, the cost can make the

difficult to set up, and also to adjust or maintain. Always

secondhand purchase not such a bargain after all.

read the instructions and follow them closely to make

Cots are one of the only mainstream products that are

sure your baby is safe and that the product is being used

designed to be used without adult supervision and your

as intended. With a new product, you don’t have to worry

baby will spend a lot of unsupervised time in their cot. For

about its history or whether it’s worn, torn or damaged.

this reason, it’s vital that the cot is safe for them. Design

You also know it doesn’t have any faulty repairs, and

standards for cots have dramatically improved in recent

safety is more important than saving a few dollars.

years. Standards are constantly reviewed to ensure the

Products worth buying new every time Car seats, booster seats and child restraints are just like car designs in that they improve their safety requirements

latest designs minimise any risks. Older style cots designs are considered unsafe and do not meet safety standards unfortunately. Take the time to consider your options, research all

over the years. All new car restraints must, by law, meet

the new products in the marketplace and perhaps most

current Australian Safety Standards, generally agreed by

importantly, buy what you can afford so you can enjoy

experts to be the best in the world. With a secondhand

this time with the peace of mind that new products can

product you’ll be unaware of its history and if it’s been in

provide.

an accident, it might no longer be safe. It only takes a small collision to damage or stress a harness or seat shell, and the damage is usually not obvious. With a new product, you know the plastics and

Article courtesy of Baby Safety Program INPAA

materials have not degraded. Buying a new restraint means you can be totally sure it’s safe. Don’t forget to ensure your seat is fitted correctly, new car restraints have full fitting instructions that you must follow to the letter, these are often missing from secondhand products.

2018 | Parenting Insights

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Around one in two toddlers are considered fussy eaters1 S-26 GOLD® TODDLER has been carefully formulated to help fill nutritional gaps in toddlers’ diets when dietary intakes may be inadequate. Built on the 4 key pillars of the Alula® Toddler PlatinumCare Complex™

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Our most advanced formulation, S-26 GOLD TODDLER contains quality ingredients including omega-3 DHA. With reduced* protein in keeping with expert recommendations2, it offers an energy level comparable# to regular cow’s milk – and importantly, does not contain sucrose, commonly known as ‘table sugar’. *S-26 GOLD TODDLER contains 1.3g/100mL of protein compared to previous formulation of 2.5g/100mL. #S-26 GOLD TODDLER has an energy level (270kJ/100mL) comparable to regular cow’s milk (avg. 277kJ/100mL) One 220mL serve contains vitamins A, D and iodine to help support toddlers’ growth and development; iron to aid cognitive function and help support toddlers’ cognitive development; calcium contributes to the function of digestive enzymes; zinc and vitamin C help support the function of a toddlers’ immune system. Suitable when dietary intakes of energy and other nutrients may be inadequate.

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Reference: 1. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014, Toddlers and Fussy Eating, Better Health Channel, https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/ toddlers-and-fussy-eating,accessed 13th September 2017. 2. Suthutvoravut, U. et al. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2015;67:119-132

Introducing solids: Purees vs baby led weaning

ntroducing solids to your baby is an exciting, messy and

Traditional weaning

enjoyable milestone that marks the beginning of a long and

A traditional weaning approach usually begins with spoon

tasty journey. As adults, taking food to your mouth, biting,

feeding by parents of smooth purees and moves through to

chewing, and swallowing is automatic, but we must remember

lumps, chunks, finger foods and family foods. Infants are fed

that our little ones need to learn how to eat step by step.

with a spoon until they can communicate fullness. From around

Weaning has changed a lot over the past few generations

eight months, finger foods are offered and gradually increased to

and differs between cultures, for example mashed pasta as a first

replace spoon feeding. Variety is increased by adding one new

food in Italy and hand mashed mild curry in India.

food every few days to see if your baby has an adverse reaction.

Irrespective of the weaning method used, the goal is the same â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Start your baby on solid food at around six months and

With this method, parents are in control of the texture, variety and the pace of the meal.

have them consuming a nutritious family diet by twelve months. It is the steps to get to family foods that may differ. Either

The benefits of a traditional approach are that your baby is likely

way, feeding your child should be an enjoyable and positive

to consume more variety in foods and be exposed to different

experience for both the parent and child.

flavours early in the weaning process. Iron and nutrient rich solids

There are two main approaches to introducing solids.

can be pureed and offered regularly to assist with confidence that

These feeding methods can be used solely or combined to

your baby consistently meets nutrient requirements. Mealtimes

suit the babyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s needs.

are less messy but making separate meals can be time consuming. Increasing textures gradually means gagging is less frequent and parents can respond by using a texture their baby tolerates whilst increasing lumps in small steps. Challenges that often arise during traditional weaning are; 1. Concerns that the process is moving at your pace rather than your babyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. Introducing a range of finger foods by eight months will assist with seeing what texture and variety your child is ready for. You can then follow their lead with finger foods and continue to complement with selected puree or mash.

58 Parenting Insights | 2018

2. It is time consuming. Cooking, blending and often freezing

a BLW method as the focus is on learning to self feed, bite and

mashed foods and spoon feeding for the length of the meal is

chew first. This is fine as long as extra milk feeds are available

time consuming for parents, who let’s face it, have no spare time.

as needed and there are no growth or medical concerns. If you

3. Difficulty reading your babies fullness or ‘finished’ cues which may be subtle to start with. This is important to encourage.

are unsure, seek the advice of a health professional. 3. Mess … I repeat MESS! Feeding infants using any method is

Children who listen to their body and eat only what they need

messy, but when using BLW, plan for mess. Embracing it is

will find it easier to maintain a healthy weight as they grow up.

central to everyone’s enjoyment. Start with drop cloths, easy clean high chairs, full sleeve bibs and a newfound appreciation

Baby led weaning (BLW)

for your dog’s insatiable appetite. Clean your baby once at

This type of approach focuses on the independence of your baby

the end of the meal. Wiping throughout the meal is usually

taking food to their own mouth and consuming the quantity and

disruptive and disliked by babies.

variety they choose. You don’t puree foods, but rather offer them

4. Food allergy identification. Because of the introduction of many

foods from what everyone else is eating at family mealtimes.

foods simultaneously rather than a systematic exposure of new

This allows the baby time to learn the art of eating independently.

foods one by one, allergies may be harder to identify and treat.

Your baby is the only one to put food to its mouth using hands

Ensuring you know the ingredients of the foods your baby has

and when older, cutlery.

and using sensible steps to increase variety can help. Currently,

Benefits of this approach include independent eating sooner, a focus on learning to chew and managing foods rather than just

the recommendation is that you do not delay the introduction of solids that may cause allergy so this works well with BLW.

swallowing foods thus allowing babies to decide when they are full and what foods they would like to select. Family meals are

There is no one correct way to starting your baby on solids.

appropriate from day one so no separate cooking.

Knowing the benefits and challenges of these approaches can help

Adults need to show your baby how to eat and behave at

you choose the method that will work best for you and your baby.

the table so eating as a group becomes the norm. Families often

Often, a combination of the two feeding styles work well.

embrace this stage and think of it as a chance to overhaul how

You are able to have the best of both methods, whilst witnessing

they eat and increase the variety of healthy foods in their own

your child discover a delicious world of flavour and texture.

diet. They also tend to cut out junky extras in case baby wants the developing independence that accompanies it allows for an

For further information on toddler nutrition and weaning, visit:

opportunity to encourage communication, family bonding time

• Dietitians Association of Australia daa.asn.au

and the social interaction enjoyed with good food. This in turn

• Baby led weaning babyledweaning.com

creates a positive association integral to mealtimes.

• Traditional weaning – a brief overview with food suggestions

a taste. Whilst BLW assists in developing hand to mouth skills,

healthykids.nsw.gov.au/parents-carers/nutrition/ Challenges that often arise during BLW are; 1. Concerns around gagging and choking. However, speech

introducing-solids.aspx • Traditional weaning – a more in depth step by step guide

pathologists describe the presence of a sensitive gag reflex

kidshealth.schn.health.nsw.gov.au/sites/kidshealth.schn.health.

to protect infant airways as key. As with any infant eating,

nsw.gov.au/files/fact-sheets/pdf/baby039s-first-foods.pdf

supervision is essential but gagging is a typical part of learning to eat and should be expected. Choking should be infrequent if textures and food is being selected well and only your baby places food in their mouth. Knowledge of basic first aid can alleviate some parents’ concerns. 2. Wondering if the baby is consuming enough food. Typically,

Article by Lauren Gladman Accredited practicing dietitian (APD) specialising in infant, children and adolescent nutrition for 10 years. Mum to Isla (2 years) and Finn (10 months). Courtesy of Baby Mum-Mum Rice Rusks babymummum.com.au

babies will not consume much food for the first 2–3 months of BLW and then consumption will steadily begin to increase. Swallowing larger volumes of food usually takes longer using

2018 | Parenting Insights

Getting started with toilet training Toileting your toddler may take time and patience. This is a developmental step and will only happen when they are ready. The following guide aims to share information around when your toddler may be ready and willing to participate in toilet training and provides some ideas on how to support them through this developmental stage.

When is toilet training possible?

Signs that your toddler may be ready include:

Usually from the age of 2 years, of course this can vary, a toddler’s

• Tells you or indicates they have wet their nappy

bladder and bowel has matured enough, that your toddler has developed voluntary control of the relevant muscles and they have the ability to communicate with you and therefore you may wish to attempt toilet training.

• Trying to remove wet/soiled nappies themselves • Fewer wet nappies during the day • The ability to remain dry for 2 hours or more

Getting started Your toddler will probably let you know which of the several options for getting started they prefer. Using a potty or chair enables them to feel more secure with their feet on the floor or alternately, a small set of steps with a non-slip base placed in front

• You may notice they are dry when they wake up from a nap • Able to sit in one place for a few minutes • Showing an interest in using the potty and toilet

of a regular toilet can be used with a child size toilet insert. Some boys might prefer to stand in front of the toilet while others will prefer to sit to pass urine.

60 Parenting Insights | 2018

Article courtesy of Karitane karitane.com.au

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Water safety in Australia Implement layers of protection with the SwimSAFER message

What about groups of swimmers? Where there is a group of children involved with the water, enough competent adult supervisors need to be appointed. The adults who are supervising must be vigilant water watchers, and must never leave their ‘post’ until replaced by another competent adult. Swim Australia’s Pool Watcher lanyard is a great aid for this essential task.

No measure can ever guarantee that children are safe in, on and around water. It is only human for adults to sometimes lapse in their supervision of children in the home or

Layer 2 – Be secure As proper supervision relies on people, it is never 100% reliable. There will be times when caregivers are unable to actively supervise children every minute of the day. This is why barriers need to be in place to lessen the chances of children getting to the water hazard. Where possible the water hazard should be

while out and about. Children can and do find ways over fences,

removed (eg. empty wading pools when not in use and put them

and even those who have had swimming lessons can still

away). Where it is not possible to remove the water hazard it

drown. For this reason the SwimSAFER message promotes the

should be fenced or blocked. For home pools, this means a pool

application of various layers to protect children from drowning

fence that meets the relevant government requirements, at the

- if one layer ‘fails’ then there is another behind it that may save

very least. Key points to maximise barrier protection:

their life.

• the pool must be fully isolated from the house by a four-sides

The layers of protection are:

complying fence

• Be Aware • Be Secure

• self-closing and self-latching gates are used

• Be Confident • Be Prepared

• the fence and gate are checked regularly to ensure they are in

All the layers of protection need to be employed at the one time

good working order.

to ensure optimal water safety. Children, however, can climb fences. Children as young as 2

Layer 1 – Be aware

years old, have drowned in backyard pools after using chairs,

SwimSAFER advocates constant supervision by a competent

bins, pot plants, eskies etc, to boost themselves up to open the

adult as the single most critical factor in drowning prevention.

gate or climb over. Ensure that there are no items in the yard that

Royal Life Saving Society Australia report that “the lack of direct

children could drag over and use to climb the fence. Outdoor

adult supervision is the main factor in 70% of toddler drowning

furniture must be secured or too heavy for a child to move.

deaths”.

Props which hold open a gate as a parent works in the yard,

Correct supervision entails:

have also lead to drowning. Never prop open gates – a child

• constant visual contact

slipping through or forgetting to remove the prop can easily lead

• being within arm’s reach of a non-swimmer and under 5s

to tragedy.

• not being distracted by anything eg. ringing phones and doorbells • being ready to respond quickly.

Please note: all too often, when parents have bought a new house with a pool – or started renting one – they have mistakenly believed that the pool fence and gate are in

Who is supervising?

good working order and/or compliant with government

When children are around water, accompanying adults must

regulations. Sadly, such an assumption has contributed to

know who is responsible for direct supervision. Children have

tragic consequences. New owners or renters should demand

drowned at aquatic venues because an adult has mistakenly

a Certificate of Compliance and always inspect the fence and

thought another adult was supervising.

gate for possible non-compliance regardless.

62 Parenting Insights | 2018

Layer 3 – Be confident

• No goggles: even the simplest thing like falling in without

Being able to swim well is one of the greatest gifts that can be

goggles can lead to drowning – it is very easy for children

bestowed upon a child – especially in Australia. Fun, healthy

to panic, and once this happens their survival rates of an

water-based opportunities abound. Equally, a high level of

accidental fall in decrease.

swimming and water safety skills are necessary for full,

• Tiring: children who are swimming well one minute, can

enjoyable participation – as part of a safer framework.

also get tired, panic and go under quite fast, so constant

For young children, the basic swimming and water safety

supervision of children who are swimming is essential.

skills include:

While swimming lessons do not substitute for proper

• water familiarisation, where small children explore and

supervision, learning to swim can make a huge difference if

become comfortable in water environments, developing a

your child accidentally falls in.

respect for the water • gaining confidence through various water activities which

Layer 4 – Be prepared

include and lead into – safe entries and exits – breath control

In immersion incidents, every second counts. Having an

– submersions – floating – propulsion with arms and legs

Emergency Action Plan in place can reduce panic and save vital

– turning – backfloating

time. Consider the following:

• developing the ‘strokes’ so that your child can efficiently cover much greater distances. The whole ‘learn to swim’ experience should be positive; free from fear of force, with a focus of skill

• If a child is missing, check the pool and other water hazards first. Seconds count! • Have a phone poolside for emergency use only.

acquisition and safety around aquatic environments. In the case of an emergency, dial 000 or 112 from As your child gets older, the chances are that they will be

mobile phones. The operator will ask you some important

exposed to potentially hazardous water situations that will

questions, including:

require them to be ‘stronger’ swimmers. Swim Australia

• the address where the ambulance is required;

recommends that children are able to complete a 400m swim

• what the problem is;

reasonably comfortably before they are deemed to be able

• how many people are injured;

to swim well. As this ability is developed, they should also be

• the patient’s age;

learning a variety of rescue skills.

• the patient’s gender;

Combined with learning the physical skills, the child is developing parallel water safety knowledge.

• if the patient is conscious; and • if the patient is breathing.

This ranges from knowing not to go near the pool unless with an adult through to swimming between the flags when at

The operator may provide you with advice to assist the

the beach.

patient while you are waiting for the ambulance; • It is important that you DO NOT HANG UP until the operator

Please note: no matter how well your child can swim,

tells you to. You may have to hold the line while an ambulance

they are never safe around water. There is no such thing

is dispatched.

as ‘drown-proof’ or ‘water-safe’. If you haven’t already done so, revise, refresh or enrol yourself • Water temperature: a sudden immersion in cold water can

in a Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) course so you are

result in ‘cold shock’ which may lead to deep gasping, panic

prepared in case of an emergency. CPR accreditation is current

and inhalation of water. Even a child who can swim, can

for a year.

drown in the first 2–3 minutes due to cold shock. • Turbulent water: children who are used to swimming in still water can panic if the water is choppy or swirling. Panic can easily cause a child to forget all of their swimming skills and go under. • Clothing: wet clothes are extremely heavy and can add an extra 20 –25% of a child’s body weight. Clothed swimming practice in lessons is supported.

Article courtesy of Swim Australia swimaustralia.org.au Swim Australia is the leading national body for water safety Swim Schools across Australia. If you’re looking for water safety classes for toddlers and kids, find your nearest school online and enrol your child today.

2018 | Parenting Insights

What to pack in your hospital bag of births. Angel Maternity have a range



of Hospital Delivery Gowns that are as

with or to wet with cold water and place

stylish as they are practical 

across your forehead or the back of

Socks and/or slippers – even though you’re often sweating buckets, your feet

your neck to keep cool 

can get cold during labour. You might also end up pacing up and down the

your energy. It’s important not to get

good

dehydrated and you don’t want to be hungry either. Bananas, apples, toast,

idea to have

from about the time you reach your third

energy without aggravating your

trimester – although you may expect to

stomach. It’s not uncommon to throw up

stay home until the 40 week mark, bub can

during labour, so you want to ingest food

totally take you by surprise by coming earlier

that is relatively light 

There are a number of great apps you

around doing errands and should instead

can download on your phone to monitor

aim to relax as much as possible because

them 

– to help relieve pain, especially on

hard to know exactly what you’ll need, so

your back 

but it’s a good idea to take your own

moments following your baby’s arrival:

if you want to use lots to prop yourself



Hospital paperwork – any hospital

up or just like the comfort of your

registration or admission papers, as well

own pillow

as your Medicare card and private health



Birth plan (if you have one) – this is



Swimmers – these are to be packed if



partner to make a birth playlist to have

labour you hope to have. Remember,

ready. Think more relaxing Enya than

births rarely go ‘to plan’ but it’s good

heavy metal band Elctrikchair 

Books and magazines – to pass the

you want to happen and what you

time between contractions. You may

want to avoid

be in pre-labour a long, long time

Phone and charger – to take lots of



Toiletries – toothpaste, toothbrush,

pictures and call / text /email everyone

hairbrush and deodorant. Also pack

the good news once bub has arrived

some lip balm as dry lips are common in

Money – have coins or a credit card

labour and hair bands if you have long

handy for parking fees and vending

hair. Dry shampoo is essential to freshen

machine snacks

up your hair without having to wash it

Hospital gown – these are great for



Ear plugs – a good idea in case you end

giving birth as they have been designed

up sharing a room or are sleeping in a

speciﬁcally to accommodate all types

noisy ward

64 Parenting Insights | 2018

Breast pads and nipple cream – be prepared to experience leaky, sore nipples following the birth, especially as you and bub work out how to latch properly and get into a good feeding groove



Nappies and baby wipes – for the new arrival. Don’t forget newborn size for the nappies (you wouldn’t be the ﬁrst to accidentally arrive with toddler nappies) and unscented wipes so as to not irritate baby’s soft and sensitive skin



Baby onesies – the essential wardrobe item for every newborn. Pack a few of these



Swaddles – DIY with muslin wraps or use the ones that simply zip up. Have a

Music – it’s a great idea for you and your

usually a guide outlining the type of

to inform the hospital staff about what

any stains 

you plan on having a water birth

insurance details 

are comfortable and won’t show up

Pillow(s) – the hospital will have some

need during labour, birth and the precious

Black maternity undies – following the birth you’ll want to wear undies that

Heat packs and/or hot water bottles

birth and taking care of a newborn! It can be here’s an essentials checklist for items you’ll

already leading up to the birth 

Stop-watch – to time your contractions.

your last few weeks stressed out running

Maternity bras – you’ll be living in these once the baby has arrived, if you weren’t

and juice are all great as they provide

packed and ready to go

you’re going to need all your strength for the

breastfeeding tops and dresses 

plain biscuits, muesli bars, lollies, water

your hospital bag

than expected. You also don’t want to spend

Maternity wear online for comfortable

Snacks – very, very important as you

t’s a

Going home outﬁt – for both you and bub. View the range of Angel

to keep your feet warm may be in labour a long time and need

Maternity pads - ensure you pack enough of these



corridors a lot during labour, so you want 

Flannels – great to wash your face

practice run beforehand if you’re using a wrap so you’re not stumped the ﬁrst time you give it a go – there’s an art to the swaddle! 

Beanie or hat – depending on the weather, pack a beanie and a jacket for bub if it’s cold or a sun hat and some

baby sunscreen if it’s hot  Car seat – don’t forget to have your car ﬁtted with the correct seat so you can take your precious cargo home from the hospital Article courtesy of Angel Maternity angelmaternity.com.au

JIVE2 Platinum Luxurious, sophisticated and considered.

JIVE2 Platinum in MULBERRY

Redsbaby prams combine modern Australian design with stylish, practical and innovative features. Available exclusively online, our products are thoughtfully designed to meet the needs of parents throughout the early childhood years. Combining refined design with sophisticated style, the award winning Redsbaby Collection is teeming with considered, innovative features that will support and enrich your family journey.

redsbaby.com.au