PORTFOLIO 2019 Peiying Ban MArch I 19’ / GSD / Harvard pban@gsd.harvard.edu
CONTENT 1 The Hinging Morphology | A Rare Book Library 2 The Soft Space | A Mixed-Use Infrastructure in Pittsburgh 3 The ‘Two-Face’ | A Hotel in Doha 4 The Structural Bay | A Gothic Novel Club 5 A Wood Bridge w/ Truss 6 The Perimeter Plan | A College Dormitory 7 The Hidden Rm 5 | A Reclusive Mountain Villa 8 ‘Xiaoyao’: Reclusion in a Chinese Mountain | An Art Residency Program 9 The ‘Exodus’ | An Urban Design in South Boston 10 The Urban Terminal | A School in Bukit Panjang
The Hinging Morphology | A Rare Book Library Date : Spring 2016, Core II Studio Instructor: Jennifer Bonner This project requires a two-step practice of concept generation, ‘Analytique’ of a Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève by Henri Labrouste in Paris and ‘Redux’ of a new rare book library in Fens Park of Boston. The architecture is set to deal with a dichotomy of its autonomy and the context. The intersection between light and space is extracted and materialized into a series of distorted vaults to define space and answer to the site. ‘The Analytique’---- Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève If consider the chiaroscuro effect of the interior as redaction of light/ shadow onto the space, a fluidity of space could be discovered contrasting to the neatly arranged classic plan of Bibliothèque SainteGeneviève. While the plan shows that the part by the window seems to be evenly lit, it's however the central part that is lit due to the high position of the windows, according to the spacial redaction. ‘The Redux’---- Hinged Bays Extract an original module of Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. While keeping still its lower level, rotate the upper level according to the angle of sunshine on certain time and get hinged bays. Coordinate between the hinged parts with curves to define open spaces in-between for various public programs. Each hinged bay bears two sets of spatial logic, creating opportunities for massaging the space in the next step. Wider opening angles makes larger space in-between, potential to contain reading room, entrance hall or auditorium.
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trajectory: the redaction of sunlight on the main reading hall
the redaction of plan of the main reading hall
detailed section of the main reading hall an
nd the closed shelves on the ground floor
a basic module
45Ëš: entrance hall
30Ëš: reading room
60Ëš: auditorium
Assembling Assemble the hinged bays according to the topography on the site. Synchronize the sunlight redaction of different moments on the interior space, and substantialize the discrete into tangible figures. Staircases are positioned at the hinges to direct the circulation through bays and between levels.
perspective of the grand stair to the lobby of the rare book section perspective of the main entrance
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second floor plan
ground floor plan
fourth floor plan
third floor plan
The Soft Space | A Mixed-Use Infrastructure in Pittsburgh Date : Fall 2018, Option Studio Instructor: HHF This project is located at a giant parking lot between the famous Heinz Stadium, Steelers’ home field, and the Pirates’ baseball stadium in Pittsburgh. Infrastructures including surface parking lot, highways, roads and several large event venues are dominant in the urban spatial layout and make ‘hard’ boundaries of ownership, accessibility and activities happening on the site. The ‘soft’ space is a specific formal language that is inserted here to connect and coordinate all infrastructure and human activities and inspire a relevance between them within certain spatial and time range. This formal language should be flexible enough to adjust itself to local conditions in order to weave all elements into a dynamic network, instead of dogmatically decide them. The project first empties the parking lot and creates two plazas in front of each stadium, and places an office block and an apartment block on top of two highway segments respectively to populate the site and help encompass the plazas. Then add an undulating wood canopy below the highways to link the two plazas and form a continuous and rhythmic public space that could be shared by the kiosks of the buildings above, a metro station, a farmer’s market and other public activities.
on the canopy below the canopy
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0m
ground floor plan
7.5m
30m
photo of 1:500 model
vertical circulation
vertical circulation
4-7F apartment
Ohio River Blvd
PNC Park
photo of 1:250
vertical circulation
vertical circulation
7-9F office
4-6F garage
Parkway North
Heinz Field occupiable roof sheltered plaza / market /shared lobby
section model
The ‘Two-Face’ | A Hotel in Doha Date : Fall 2016, Core III Studio Instructor: Elizabeth Christoforetti A high-rise hotel located in Doha has to answer to issues including local culture, severe climate and common requirements as a hotel. Therefore, the location of three standard swimming pools within a limited footprint, shading strategies and the living condition of hotel guests are the lead dancers in the spatial choreography. Towers are defined by their cores. In this project, a shifting combination of center core & exterior core systems is explored for an optimal correlation of programs and space organization, as well as an efficient integration of systems in the entirety. While the cylindrical tower with a center core signifies the very equity and provides largest area for hotel rooms, the stacking boxes with exterior cores enable large continuous space to accommodate diverse public programs including the swimming pools. Through juxtaposing two opposite types rather than picking one, the hotel can take advantage of both, and the seemingly contradicting requirements are to achieve an efficient and dynamic balance. The building envelope is also designed to exhibit the wrestle of the two core systems. At first it wraps the circular core and excludes the rectangular one. As it goes up, the latter gets absorbed by the boxy volumes, while the former swells into a cylindrical volume and bulges out of the boxes.
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plan 16
plan 5
plan 15
plan 3
plan 11
plan 1
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lobby on the fifth floor
2.98m SOUTH
Facade System Since the project is located in Doha, the facade as weather barrier subjects to the extreme sunlight exposure and high temperature. The concrete floor slab is extended to offer horizontal shading for the cylindrical tower, which cantilever further according to the directionality of each room. Perforated metal panels act as wind breaker and additional shading device that's adjustable by occupants.
270°
157.5°
180°
202.5°
225°
247.5°
135°
112.5°
90°
67. 5°
2.76m
2.64m
2.38m
2.07m
SOUTHEAST
1.84m
1.84m
NORTH
2.07m NORTHWEST
render of the lower pa
art of south elevation
The Structural Bay | A Gothic Novel Club Date : Spring 2016, Core II Studio Instructor: Jennifer Bonner This project mainly explores how the structural bay could influence the configuration and the spatial quality of architecture. A club for the people favoring specific activity is a typical mix-use building. In the implementation of the truncated pyramid, its structural feature, the program and site adjacency all contribute to space shaping. After the extremely tragic Coconut Grove Fire happened on November 28, 1942, which killed 492 people and thus remained to be the deadliest nightclub fire in the history of US, the site was considered misfortuned and has been kept as parking lot. Over 70 years later, a group of Gothic fiction fanatics acquired this piece of land. The possibility of this site being haunted makes them very excited and want to build a new club for their gathering activities. Since architecture often constitutes a significant part of the storytelling in Gothic fictions, this new building should be a manifesto of the Gothic cult worshiping and emotional affect, besides a multifunctional complex. Select truncated pyramid as structural bay, and stretch, intersect and split to them to create towering, narrow and complicate space of varied scales to accommodate diverse programs, such as gathering, dining, performing and living. Extravagant Baroque stairs and Gothic towers are added due to the favor of the client. Also, out of the respect to local residents' tranquil life, the building keeps an introversion to its neighboring blocks.
35’
25’ 5’
Structural Bay Set 5' as a unit for scaling of structural bays. The truncated pyramids offer great spatial possibility, ranging from as compressed as solid columns to as extensive as common rooms.
fifth floor plan
ground floor plan
model photo
The Internal Towers & Vertical Circulation Truncated pyramids in plans are aligned as vertically circulation, which accommodate the Baroque staircases. These tall spaces are also designed as internalized towers answering to the Gothic theme.
A Wood Bridge w/ Truss Date : Spring 2016, Structural Design II Instructor: Martin Bechthold w/ Beining Chen, Yuqiao Guo & Han Jin This project is for the final assignment of Structural Design II. We are required to design and fabricate a bridge that spans five meters and is able to carry a maximum load of 750 lbs. The main material of the bridge is limited to 2*4 inch wood, and steel plates and cable are optional depending on the designed structural system. The optimal structure is judged by the max-load to self-weight ratio and maximum sag.
The Perimeter Plan | A College Dormitory Date : Fall 2015, Core I Studio Instructor: Cameron Wu This project mainly explores the marriage of the envelope, the plans and the circulation of a building. To exert the inherent tensions in-between of the dorm design, three constraints are given: a maximum area of 68,000 sq2, a 960ft-long unrolled facade that must be folded to form an enclosure in plan and a staircase. The ‘Knot’:Facade, rooms and staircases. The facade encompasses the interior space, and the fenestration reflects an interior hierarchy through the changing density and rhythm of windows. Circulation is used as an instrument to dynamize planning of rooms. Design the misaligned levels between dorm room branches themselves and between dorm branches and central common rooms, in order to satisfy varied requirements for publicity and privacy and create diverse spacial experience. 135 loft rooms, with 270 beds in total, are organized by double-loaded corridors in the four branches. A hight difference of 8ft is created between each floor in adjacent branches, and another one of 4ft between each floor of a branch and its corresponded common room in the center. The entrance levels of rooms alternate on the two sides of the central part. The flows from adjacent branches and the center converge in the staircase and interweave to make a knot.
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section A
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section B
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A second (even) floor plan
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A ground (odd) floor plan
Axonometric Drawing of the 'Knot' (the Staircase)
The Hidden Rm 5 | A Reclusive Mountain Villa Date : Fall 2015, Core I Studio Instructor: Cameron Wu One looks singular, two make a pair; Three acquire two wings and a center, Four finally turns into order, The fifth never hides in the corner! This project is about hiding the fifth room behind (out of) an order established by four normal rooms. A quadrihedron offers a perfect geometric foursome. Divide it into four two-thirds-long subquadrihedrons. Four normal rooms occupy the four vertices, while the hidden one lies alongside an edge. It’s positioned at the back of the villa and also accessible through the mountain trail. Offset the quadruplets, and generate overlapped/misaligned space as circulation/fenestration. Reverse the spiral stair cases in the middle from clockwise to counter-clockwise to connect the three small quadrihedrons on the lower level with the one on the upper level.
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second floor plan mezzanine plan
ground floor plan basement plan
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“Bumping up the stone-paved path snaking up into the chilly hills, I can see houses amid the clouds deep. Cherishing the in-dusk scenic maples trees, Gradually I stop my carriage. The leaves after frost are more garnet than flowers in spring.� ---- By Du Mu, Travelling in the Mountains
Axonometric Drawing of Circulation
‘Xiaoyao’: Reclusion in a Chinese Mountain | An Art Residency Program Date : Spring 2019 Thesis Advisor: Mark Lee Prep Advisor: Stanislaus Fung Xiaoyao, the Confucian idea of spiritual freedom and harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature, significantly influenced Chinese urban planning and landscape design since 7th century Tang dynasty. Particularly, in Chinese city gardens, Xiaoyao inspired rhythmic promenade with drifting perceptions, view-aligning follies, and antiperspectival layering. That experiential palinopsia effect renders the static pavilions with multiplicity of profiles, which manifests the spiritual freedom of the ancient Chinese literati. This thesis attempts to collapse the multi-perspectival points of traditional Chinese houses and create spatial fragmentations and thus adaptability through the resulting collisions. In the experimental site of Denggao village, roof and roof structure participate in the choreography of spatial fragmentation and reorganization in order to reintroduce Xiaoyao into everyday rural life and induce rural migration.
90° 90°
32°
45°
32°
Perception & Experience in the Lingering Garden The Lingering Garden (1593 - now) in the city center of Suzhou is taken as an example to explore how architecture, landscape and light are organized to create anti-perspectival perceptions of specific objects in a series of ‘Scenes (Jing, 冎 )’ and compose a continuous yet rhythmic ‘Strolling (You, 廷 )’ experience, in order to reflect the ancient literati’s ideology of Nature within limited space. The perceptive threshold constructed by the multiplying figures transcends the physical existence of objects. The poeticity brought by the mix of time, ambiguity and complexity recalls the spirit of Xiaoyao. 45°
90°
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Deconstruction of the Vernacular Chinese House Prototype
prototype: vernacular house
three roof types
hip roof
gable roof
hip-and-gable roof (Dutch roof)
vernacular
three roof endings
‘Tingtang’ style: sectional variation
8-rafter construction
3.0m
2-column
4-rafter construction
4.2m
6.0m
3-column 9.0m
4-column
5-column
6-column
religious /
royal
rotation
separation
height
crossing & offset
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+5.50 +4.50
+1.50
+6.00m
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+5.00 +0.00 +6.50 +2.00 +5.00 +5.00
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m plan
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The ‘Exodus’ | An Urban Design in South Boston Date : Spring 2017, Core IV Studio Instructor: Mariana Ibañez Team: w/ Young Eun Ju This project focuses on a triangular site on the border of the industrial land and the neighborhood of south Boston, where the differences of the two in the history, function, urban morphology and user body make the site an example of urban segregation. Instead of attempting to neutralize all conflicts, this project applies a perception model of wall and the interior-exterior relationship it defined, which is deduced from Rem Koolhaas’s ‘Exodus’, and regards the spatial heterogeneity as a potential to generate a new autonomy of the community. Public activities and domestic life are reconceptualized into the framework of ‘island, slippage and otherness’. ‘Exodus’ here describes a certain correlation between the context, the isolator/separator (the walls) and the isolated. When put in the context, a foreign object becomes an island and ‘the isolated’, resulting in the generation of ‘the isolator’ by definition. However, the recognition of difference by the isolator will immediately bring up the issue of ‘access’ even including ‘non-access’. Therefore, the island is to stop being irrelevant to the context. Both become ‘a slippage’ to each other, and both acquire an equal ‘otherness’ due to the being of each other. In the new autonomy in this project, the correlation in ‘Exodus’ is multiplied to coordinate with multifaceted urban situation. The reciprocal slippages in diverse scales can stimulate communication and the interchange of matter. The isolator (the walls), the perimeter of slippages, can be concretized into roads, bridges, buildings, gardens, facades, etc.
XL: Urban Narrative Wall and Inbetween (1:10000)
a. intersect
b. define
c. offset
d. complete
a. Land reclamation & segregation: For hundreds of years, industrial land has been reclaimed and discreet huge industrial blocks inserted between original urban fabrics. The site is a wedge where the fine grid encounters the loose radial system. b. Invisible walls & heterotopia: The gentrification is brought to the industrial land by the ‘cultural center’ of a governmental harborfront revival project, only aggravate its irrelevancy with neighboring communities. The heterotopia welcomes its visitors through several veins leading to the distance. c. & d. Breaking and entering: The wall has to be knocked down at some points, where the merged texture and shared facilities help to sew the segregated urban districts.
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L: Conceptual Community Plan (1:1000)
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places of interest
street facade accesibility
radial network (industrial land)
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100m
grid system (traditional communities)
L: Project Model (1:1000)
While the grid system dominates the courtyard residential block, public facilities are directed by the radial system. Overlapping of the two typologies offers a great potential of both form generation and efficient circulation. In the conceptual plan, the pattern represents the organizational form and scale of urban activities. Large grid means living or working of high density, while irregular block holds commercial or cultural program. The project model is a figurative translation of the conceptual plan, where diverse spaces are achieved through intersection and inversion.
M: Infinite Wall and Courtyard Typology (1:500)
business tower & cultural center
office, apartment building & mid-rise residential
low-rise residential
S: Courtyard Typology (1/200)
Infinite ‘here’ and ‘there’ and is folded to capture interiority and exteriority. Offset the wall to create First Floorwall Plan differentiates 1:200 intermediate space in-between. Spaces in both households and public areas are homogeneous in this way.
The Urban Terminal | A School in Bukit Panjang Date : Fall 2013, Undergrad Studio (exchange in NUS, Singapore) Instructor: Tay Kheng Soon The zoning framework of Singapore guided by modernist urbanism theory has exhibited its disadvantages after decades of practice. The separation of industrial facilities, business district and residential area is causing additional commuting time and reduced interaction between industries, resulting in relatively undynamic communities and inefficient society. This project tends to study the urban transportation pattern and explore the opportunities to reconcile the current urban zoning structure with organic social arrangement at the level of community planning and architecture design. The notion of community is thus expanded as an urban terminal to accommodate multifaceted social activities including working and entertaining, which is enabled by a street complex attached to the LRT station.
SINGAPORE ---- A Country of Detachment Between working and living
km 20 km 12
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45n 15n mi i m
a. Business land: distribution & accessibility.
>2 h 1.5
b. Business land: attractivity & accessibility.
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c. Industrial land: distribution & attractivity.
d. Residential area: evaluation of employment resource.
Sungei Kadut Industrial Park
Bukit Panjang
2km 5km
CBD Jurong East Industrial Park
Bukit Batok Business Park
e. Detached community: adding working place into in order to form a nationwide network.
10km
BUKIT PANJANG---- Renovation of Old Community
MRT
Plantation & Water Body
LRT & MRT (upcoming) & Bus expressway road system
Public Facilities
1995
50
office school worship
commercial community center MSCP(parking lot)
1989 1985
1997 1981
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15 Topography
Road
Construction Order
Physical context
weekday 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
weekend Business office
08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
Catering Service food court restaurant cafe Commercial shopping
working person
housewife
market stall Community Activity community sports court
void deck park Education school tuition Medicine clinic Worship church/ mosque Residents activity pattern of weekday & weekend
student
elderly
outsider
highly active
Cycling system plan Sungei Kadut Industrial Park
ang hu K n C a Cho Statio MRT
hanging under LRT elevated slope downward bicycle tower
Bukit Timah Natural Reserve
Program planning A. Program planning of the community Business
Commercial
School
Nursing houme
B. Program planning of Central Nervous System (street scale) total population: 124660
working person
housewife
50.9% students
elderly
10.9% 19.7%
visitors
13.6%
school
basic programs & quantity
(sqm per capita) *10
office building
*15 youth hostel *10 commercial facilities
communitiy center
family-friendly working place
hostel integrated with training school community farm & social enterprise daytime nursing home & community centers
proposed mixing programs
SITE
This street complex tends to converge different kind of users, including residents of the community, commercial runners and visitors or tourists. site
At the same time, the potential of generating new jobs for the community is also explored. Urban farming is one of the promising industries. Housewives and the elderly could participate in cultivating, harvesting and selling product. The hotel training school located right next to the hotel, helping to train non-employees to master hotel service skills.
CNS
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LRT...bus... B
a. Noise transmits directly toward residences. Line of sight between road and residence is barely blocked. Sidewalk only serves as traffic path.
maybe take a walk ......
b. Set an interface to block the noise. A quiet courtyard is distinguished from lively frontage. People consider to stay.
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staying & studying.
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c. Add programs to the interface. There forms a regular flow of visitors.
Look! Shade!
d. Lift the functional spaces. Break the boundary set by the initial interface between private & public. A stilt open space attracts spontaneous visitors.
nois
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e. Tube-shaped exterior reflects the noise from the street. Two small blocks fall to the ground as entrance space.
f. Adapt the tube to road, community & bicycle track by trimmng some parts. Naturalize the canal bed and build riverside terraces. Interaction is catalyzed amoung strollers, residents and users of the place.
ARCHITECTURE----St
treet Complex Design
site
CNS
ground floor plan
下
upper level plan