BBRC4250_ComputingScienceP4_Final_CTP200120.pdf
1
20/1/2563 BE
10:27
BBRC4250
Literacy Skills
Communication Collaboration Critical Thinking Creativity
C
Primary Education Smart+
Information Literacy Media Literacy Technology Literacy
Learning Skills
M
Y
CM
MY
This series helps you to understand and apply computational thinking to solve daily problems in an orderly and systematic way.
CY
CMY
There are four parts in each book in this series: Solving daily problems using logical thinking and computational thinking Coding or writing simple computer programs
Prathomsuksa 4
K
Using ICT to collect, process and present data Evaluating information found online and using ICT safely
Based on the Basic Education Curriculum B.E. 2551 (Revised Edition B.E. 2560)
BBRC4250
885-87220-0314-2
8 858722 003142
885-87220-0314-2 First Published 2563
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission of Pelangi Publishing (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 2020
2019.13.01_01 CT TittlePage_P1-6.indd 4
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Special features Extra relevant information helps in understanding the topic better.
Video-based information engages viewers and enhances learning experience.
Game-based learning incorporates problem solving and critical thinking skills.
Higher-order questions promote critical thinking skills.
Collaborative activities encourage students to learn from each other and foster teamwork.
Solving puzzles and brain-teasers helps to develop problem-solving skills and boost logical thinking.
? A summary helps students to identify the main ideas of the topic.
More practices enable students to reinforce their understanding of the topic.
Contents
ii
Chapter 1 Logical thinking
1
Chapter 2 Computer programming
24
Chapter 3 Data handling
43
and communication Chapter 4 Information technology
61
Let’s Play
76
Computing Science Prathomsuksa
4
Chapter
1
Logical thinking
What is logical thinking? Mali pointed at Aree and said ‘She is the daughter of the only child of my grandmother.’ How is Mali related to Aree? Are they sisters or cousins? Are they mother and daughter?
Do you know the answer? How do you solve this problem?
Let’s say P is Mali’s grandmother. Q is the only child of Mali’s grandmother or P. P
Q or
Aree
Mali
We cannot simply guess the answer. We need to understand: the information given - Aree is the daughter of the only child of Mali’s grandmother. what we need to find out – Who is Mali to Aree?
Analyze these questions: Who is P to Aree? Do Aree and Mali share the same grandmother, P? Are Aree and Mali from the same generation of the family? Can they be mother and daughter? Why? Can they be cousins? Why? Are they sisters? When we analyze the questions, we need to think logically. We need to have logical thinking.
What is logical thinking?
Logical thinking is a way of thinking in a proper or disciplined manner that is based on facts and evidence. We need to incorporate logical thinking skills whenever we are analyzing problems to come up with good solutions.
What happens if we do not think in a proper or disciplined manner? Are you lazy to think logically?
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Computing Science Prathomsuksa
4
Now, let’s find the answers to the questions below. Who is P to Aree? P is the mother of Aree’s father or mother. So, P is Aree’s grandmother. Do Aree and Mali share the same grandmother, P? Yes. P is both Aree’s and Mali’s grandmother. Are Aree and Mali from the same generation of the family? Yes. This is because they have P as their grandmother. Can they be mother and daughter? Why? No. This is because Aree and Mali are from the same generation of the family. Can they be cousins? Why? No. They cannot be cousins with the same grandmother as P has only one child. Are they sisters? Yes. They have the same grandmother but they are not cousins.
P
Q or
Aree
Mali
Play these games to train your brain. http://tiny.cc/dn1ugz
Chapter 1
Logical thinking
3
May
June
July
??
San’s mother has 4 children. The first child is called May. The second child is called June. The third child is called July. What is the name of the fourth child?
Is the name of the fourth child really August? Is this problem too easy?
If we look at the sequence of their names, the fourth child’s name should be August. However, read the information again. It mentioned San. San is one of the children. So, San is the fourth child. When solving such problems, we should read the information or problem carefully. Sometimes, our brain jumps to the conclusion too fast.
The teacher says ‘This boy is my son.’ However, the teacher is not the boy’s mother. Who is the teacher to the boy?
4
Computing Science Prathomsuksa
4
When Susie was 1 year old, I was 3 years old.
John
I am 9 years old now.
Susie
How old is John now?
What we understand: The information given When Susie was 1 year old, John was 3 years old. Now, Susie is 9 years old. What we need to find out The age of John now We can think like this: When Susie was 1 year old, John was 3 years old. When Susie was 2 years old, John was 4 years old. … When Susie is 9 years old, John is 11 years old. We can also look at the age difference between them. It is 2 years (3 – 1). Now, Susie is 9 years old. The age difference between them is still the same. Therefore, John is 11 years old (9 + 2) now.
The age difference between two persons is always the same at any point of time either in the past or in the future.
Chapter 1
Logical thinking
5
Last year, I was 3 years old. Rabbit I will be 4 years older than Rabbit in 3 years’ time.
Tiger
I was 3 years older than Tiger 2 years ago. Elephant
How old is Elephant now? What we understand: The information given Description of ages of the three animals What we need to find out The age of Elephant We need to analyze each description given. Last year, Rabbit was 3 years old. So, now, it is 4 years old.
In 3 years’ time, Rabbit will be 7 years old and Tiger will be 11 years old. Now, Tiger is 8 years old.
2 years ago, Tiger was 6 years old and Elephant was 9 years old. Now, Elephant is 11 years old.
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Computing Science Prathomsuksa
4
We can also solve it by thinking this way. The age difference between any animals or persons is always the same at any time. Rabbit is 4 years old now. Tiger is 4 years older than Rabbit. So, Tiger is 8 years old now. Elephant is 3 years older than Tiger. So, Elephant is 11 years old now.
1 Mr X: My age was the same as Mr Y’s age 2 years ago. Mr Y: I will be 2 years younger than Mr Z in 5 years’ time. Mr Z: I will be 22 years old in 4 years’ time. How old will Mr X be in 5 years’ time? Show how you solve this problem.
Visit this website to solve some riddles. http://tiny.cc/bs3ugz
Chapter 1
Logical thinking
7
Here is the list of the dates of birth of the students in Class 4A. Sanit, 3 July
Nutcha, 15 June
Arisa, 10 January
Johan, 12 April
Nut, 6 November
Somchai, 26 October
Mimi, 20 December
Gan, 11 December
Nook, 31 August
Ploy, 2 January
Aom, 8 April
Ton, 22 May
Pim, 18 May
Jane, 18 March
Sai, 13 December
Ahtit, 30 April
Ice, 31 March
Jack, 14 February
Eve, 16 July
Andy, 28 June
Lucas, 6 October
Budin, 23 February
Nattapong, 9 July
Jira, 18 April
Anung, 10 March
Boom, 17 September
Peach, 8 September
Fai, 5 August
Pam, 1 August
Kirk, 19 March
Class 4A is planning to celebrate the birthdays of the students monthly. Pam is the class monitor of Class 4A. She needs to know how many presents she is going to prepare every month. How is she going to find out?
What we understand: the information given A list of students’ names and their dates of birth what we need to find out The number of students celebrating their birthdays each month
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Computing Science Prathomsuksa
4
Analyze these questions: How many students celebrate their birthdays in January? How many students celebrate their birthdays in February? If by just counting from the list, will there be any possibility of miscount? Is there any way to count accurately? Can we rearrange the list? Should it be rearranged by their names in alphabetical order? Should it be rearranged by their months of birth? Here is the list of students sorted by their names in alphabetical order. Andy, 28 June
Ice, 31 March
Nut, 6 November
Ahtit, 30 April
Jack, 14 February
Nutcha, 15 June
Aom, 8 April
Jane, 18 March
Pam, 1 August
Arisa, 10 January
Jira, 18 April
Peach, 8 September
Anung, 10 March
Johan, 12 April
Pim, 18 May
Boom, 17 September
Kirk, 19 March
Ploy, 2 January
Budin, 23 February
Lucas, 6 October
Sai, 13 December
Eve, 16 July
Mimi, 20 December
Sanit, 3 July
Fai, 5 August
Nattapong, 9 July
Somchai, 26 October
Gan, 11 December
Nook, 31 August
Ton, 22 May
Besides sorting the students by their names and months of birth, what other methods can we use to sort them?
Chapter 1
Logical thinking
9
We cannot determine the number of presents to buy based on the previous list. We need to sort the list based on their months of birth.
Ploy, 2 January
Aom, 8 April
Fai, 5 August
Arisa, 10 January
Ahtit, 30 April
Nook, 31 August
Budin, 23 February
Ton, 22 May
Boom, 17 September
Jack, 14 February
Pim, 18 May
Peach, 8 September
Ice, 31 March
Nutcha, 15 June
Somchai, 26 October
Jane, 18 March
Andy, 28 June
Lucas, 6 October
Kirk, 19 March
Sanit, 3 July
Nut, 6 November
Anung, 10 March
Eve, 16 July
Sai, 13 December
Jira, 18 April
Nattapong, 9 July
Gan, 11 December
Johan, 12 April
Pam, 1 August
Mimi, 20 December
Now, based on the new list, we know how many presents to buy each month.
How many presents should Pam buy for the July birthday party?
Therefore, Pam needs to buy the following number of presents for each month:
10
Computing Science Prathomsuksa
January - 2
July – 3
February – 2
August – 3
March – 4
September – 2
April - 4
October – 2
May – 2
November – 1
June - 2
December - 3
4
2 20 students took a test. Their marks are listed below. Asnee - 55
Thanom - 30
Pakpao - 25
Chatri - 50
Sakda - 88
Kaew - 78
Sonchai - 66
Isra - 90
Phet - 42
Som - 48
Chaisai - 68
Ying - 52
Suda - 57
Rochana - 80
Udom - 75
Lamai - 66
Ubol - 64
Dara - 51
Kasem - 78
Kit - 54
Based on their marks, five students with the highest marks will neither attend the remedial class nor resit the test. Five students with the lowest marks will need to attend the remedial class and later resit the test. The rest will need to resit the test. List the three groups of students. Explain how you did it.
Chapter 1
Logical thinking
11
BBRC4250_ComputingScienceP4_Final_CTP200120.pdf
1
20/1/2563 BE
10:27
BBRC4250
Literacy Skills
Communication Collaboration Critical Thinking Creativity
C
Primary Education Smart+
Information Literacy Media Literacy Technology Literacy
Learning Skills
M
Y
CM
MY
This series helps you to understand and apply computational thinking to solve daily problems in an orderly and systematic way.
CY
CMY
There are four parts in each book in this series: Solving daily problems using logical thinking and computational thinking Coding or writing simple computer programs
Prathomsuksa 4
K
Using ICT to collect, process and present data Evaluating information found online and using ICT safely
Based on the Basic Education Curriculum B.E. 2551 (Revised Edition B.E. 2560)
BBRC4250
885-87220-0314-2
8 858722 003142