Studies
Sasithorn Onlao
ISBN 978-616-541-343-5 First Published 2021
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission of Pelangi Publishing (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
Sasithorn Onlao
Main Features A-Z
States the learning objectives of the chapter.
Provides practical activities to enhance students’ knowledge and skill.
Defines important terms appearing in the chapter.
Presents extra information relevant to the concept being learnt.
Consists of questions that promote thinking skills. Provides exercises to test students’ comprehension of the concepts learnt.
Evaluates students’ understanding of the entire chapter.
Consists of various exercises covering this unit.
Special Features CHAPTER
Stimulates fun learning through role play activities which encourage students to understand relevant content they have learnt in the class and enjoy their performances.
Serves as an activity that teaches students to share things with others, learn to be generous and make contributions to community, society and the country.
CHAPTER 2
Raises social awareness of compliance with law and rules among students for living in peace.
Serves as an activity enabling students to learn sharing with others and volunteer spirit in order to live happily in the society.
Stimulates students’ confidence and boosts the speaking skills in public through the activity of being a news reporter.
CHAPTER 3 ฿ Presents a weekly budget planner that helps students know their expenses every day, enabling them to plan their spending carefully and understand the importance of saving money.
Allows students to practise how to plan and invest their money, run a business, and stimulate creativity, together with cost and profit estimation.
Stimulates students’ creativity and assertiveness through product review, as well as capability in analysing strengths and weaknesses of the products.
CHAPTER 4
Develops students’ creativity in presentation through the organisation of exhibition, together with disseminating information of what they have searched to others. Encourages students to understand the historical methodology through the investigation of historical evidence and know how to work as a team.
Enables students to investigate, collect, analyse, and summarise data for better understanding, as well as boosting skills in presentation.
CHAPTER 5
Encourages students to learn how to draw a plan and read a map to enhance their comprehension of location and direction. Develops students’ skills in observation and understanding of location, direction and symbols on a map.
Boosts students’ confidence through the fun activity of weather report by integrating what they have learnt in the class with the weather information they have searched.
Contents CHAPTER
Religion, Morality and Ethics
Unit 1 Religious Places
Religious Places
Unit 2 Religious Day and Moral Principle
1 2 3
7
Buddhist Day
8
Moral Principle
10
Unit 3 The Story of the Buddha’s Previous Lives
Bodhisatta the Merchant and the King of Naga
Voluntary Spirit Role Play Test
CHAPTER 2
Our Way of Life
Unit 1 Community Life
13 14
18 19 21
23 24
Tradition and Culture
25
Important Official Holidays
37
Exemplary Member of Community
45
Rule of Thumb Volunteer for All Young Reporters
50 51
51
Unit 2 Democratic Principles
52
The Democratic Method
53
Democracy in the School
57
Democracy in the Community
60
Rule of Thumb Volunteer for All Young Reporters Test
CHAPTER 3
Economic Activities Around Us
Unit 1 Goods and Services
67 67
67 69
72 73
Types of Goods and Services
74
Choosing Goods and Services
78
Production and Consumption
81
Expenditure
91
Unit 2 Tax
96
Taxes and National Development
97
Responsibilities of People in the Payment of Taxes
99
Goods and Services Provided by the Government
102
Track My Spending Market Fair Young YouTubers Test
107
108 108 111
CHAPTER 4 History
114
Unit 1 Calendar
115
Types of Year Numbering Systems
116
How to Convert Them
117
Sequence of Events
117
Unit 2 Community Settlement
Factors of Community Settlement and Development
Unit 3 Our Kings
120 121
126
King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke the Great
127
His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej The Great
128
His Majesty King Maha Vajiralongkorn
Phra Vajiraklaochaoyuhua
Little Historians Little Gallery Little Guide Test
5 CHAPTER
Our Environment
Unit 1 Our Community
131
134 135 135 137
139 140
Physical Characteristics
141
Relationship Between Environment and Life
143
Urban and Rural Communities
144
Let’s Take a Tour Finding Hidden Treasure Weather Reporters
149 150
151
Unit 2 Geographical Information
152
Locations
153
Diagrams
153
Maps
155
Photographs
160
Tools to Determine Locations
162
Let’s Take a Tour Finding Hidden Treasure
167 168
Weather Reporters
169
Unit 3 Our Environment and Natural Resources
170
The Environment in the Past and at Present
171
Reliance on Environments and Natural Resources
175
Changes to the Environment
179
Environmental Pollution
180
Let’s Take a Tour Finding Hidden Treasure Weather Reporters Test
187 188
188 190
CHAPTER
1
1
Religion, Morality and Ethics
s How do religion nce make a differe nity? to your commu
UNIT
1
1
Re igious P aces
Give some examples of religious places situated in each region of Thailand, together with their importance.
A-Z
1. Tell the names and importance of, and behave appropriately towards, religious objects, places and persons of students’ own religions. 2. Conduct themselves appropriately and correctly towards the disciples, places of worship, and religious objects of their religions as prescribed. 3. Explain the importance of Buddhism or that of students’ own religions as a significant foundation of Thai culture.
2
CHAPTER 11
Religion, Morality and Ethics
1. Worship (N.) the act of showing respect to God through praying 2. Conduct (V.) to behave in a specified way 3. Perform (V.) to do something or carry out a task 4. Disciple (N.) a follower who believes in the ideas of a great teacher
Buddhism has greatly influenced and involved Thai culture and traditions. Several Thai traditions, such as the candle procession and the festival
of floral offerings, originated from Buddhist rites. Many fields of Thai art were created to serve Buddhism, for example, architecture, sculpture,
paintings, literature, and many more. Temples, Buddha images and mural paintings are clear evidence of Thai art involving Buddhism.
On Buddhist days, Thai people go to temples to participate in religious activities. A temple is a religious place where Buddhists gather to perform
religious rites, make merit and listen to the Buddha’s sermons. It is regarded
as a spiritual centre for Buddhists. It is also used for public assemblies for social development.
Each religion has its own religious place where believers perform religious
activities or participate in rituals to show their faith. Therefore, believers are required to conduct themselves appropriately towards it.
Religious Places Each religion has its own place of worship which is used to hold religious activities for its believers. Let’s look at some examples.
Buddhism – temple A temple is used for Wien Tien ceremony, praying and practising
meditation, as well as monks’ residences.
As Buddhism is the most widely practised religion in Thailand, we can see a lot of temples in every region.
UNIT 11
Religious Places
3
Christianity – church A church is used for baptism, Holy Communion, confession and other rituals performed by priests and Christians. Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
(อาสนวิหารพระนางมารีอาปฏิสนธินิรมล) in Chanthaburi Province
Islam – mosque A mosque is used for praying, holding religious festivals and a place of assembly for Muslims.
Pattani Central Mosque in Pattani Province
Aside from places of worship, each religion also has its own symbol.
Buddhism The Dhamma Wheel
Christianity The cross
Islam The crescent and the star
Religious places, objects and disciples are worshipped by believers. Therefore, it is necessary to pay respect and conduct ourselves properly towards them. The following are good manners that should be adopted.
4
CHAPTER 11
Religion, Morality and Ethics
1. Pay respect to religious places, objects and disciples. 2. Dress properly when going to a religious place. 3. Conduct ourselves properly, both physically and verbally, when going to a religious place or being around religious objects and disciples.
4. Do not cause damage to religious places and objects. 5. Be polite towards disciples.
Divide yourselves into groups of 4 to 5 people.
Collect
information
about
how
Buddhism has an influence on Thai culture in various aspects such as architecture, art,
literature, festival, tradition or daily living. Then, present your findings to your friends.
Let’s practise meditation by following the steps below. 1. Choose a small doll or toy. 2. Lay down with your back on the floor and place the object on your belly.
3. For three minutes, breathe in and out slowly, and observe the object on your belly. How is its movement related to your breathing rhythm?
UNIT 11
Religious Places
5
Where can you find these religious objects or disciples? Match them to the right places.
6
CHAPTER 11
Religion, Morality and Ethics
UNIT
2
Re igious Day and Mora Princip e
What will happen if everyone ignores morality?
A-Z
1. Appreciate the value of and conduct themselves correctly in religious rites and ceremonies and on important religious days as prescribed. 2. Pay respect to the Triple Gem and observe the principles of the Three Admonitions of the Buddha in Buddhism, or the moral principles of students’ own religions as prescribed. 3. Tell the meaning and importance of the Tipitaka (the three divisions of the Buddhist Canon) or the scriptures of students’ own religions.
1. Deed (N.) an action that is performed intentionally 2. Ritual (N.) a religious ceremony performed to mark an important occasion 3. Sympathy (N.) the feeling of sorrow and care for someone else’s suffering 4. Profess (V.) to affirm one’s faith in a religion or set of beliefs
4. Profess themselves as Buddhists or believers of their religions.
UNIT 2
Religious Day and Moral Principle
7
Moral principles are religious doctrines teaching what is right and wrong.
They serve as guidelines for people in society to live together peacefully. Moral principles are especially appreciated on religious days in which believers perform rites and remind themselves to do good deeds.
Buddhist Day Buddhist Lent Day Origin In the past, monks travelled all year round to teach the Buddha’s sermons
to people in different places. As a result, crops that were stepped on
repeatedly were destroyed and monks were widely blamed. So, the Buddha ordered them to stay at their places during the rainy season which falls on the day after the full moon day of the eighth Thai lunar month and
ends on the full moon day of the eleventh Thai lunar month. Since then, monks are required to stay in their temples and avoid unnecessary travel every year. 8
CHAPTER 11
Religion, Morality and Ethics
Religious activities Buddhist Lent Day is the first day of the three-month period which is the day after the full moon day
of the eighth Thai lunar month. On this day, Buddhists go to temples
to offer food and other necessities to monks, and listen to the Buddha’s sermons. They also participate in
Offering food to monks
candle casting which usually takes place a week before Buddhist Lent Day.
Candle casting is a process of making
a Buddhist Lent candle. In the past,
there was no electricity. Therefore, people prepared and offered large
candles, also known as Buddhist
Lent candles, to monks who had
to stay at their temples for three months, so that they could use
Candle casting
them while praying and studying the Buddha’s sermons at night.
After the candles are made, there will be a candle procession before presenting candles to monks. Presently, the candle processions are held
across the country every year as an important tradition on Buddhist Lent Day.
Aside from praying and participating in religious rituals, Buddhists are usually careful with their actions, words and mind, keep the Five Precepts, as well as reminding themselves to do good deeds.
UNIT 2
Religious Day and Moral Principle
9
Moral Principle Four objects of sympathy The moral principles we learn are four objects of sympathy (สังคหวัตถุ 4). They are moral principles that teach people how they should build and
maintain good relationships with others and consist of the following process:
Generosity (ทาน)
means willingly giving or sharing our
things with others such as food, clothes or medicine because we want to help them.
Kindly speech (ปิยวาจา)
includes using polite words and telling
the truth, as well as speaking something useful.
Useful conduct (อัตถจริยา)
is helping other people without expecting anything in return.
Even and equal treatment (สมานัตตตา)
means behaving ourselves properly in
all circumstances and treating people equally.
10
CHAPTER 11
Religion, Morality and Ethics
The Primary Education Smart Plus Series is written based on the Basic Education Curriculum B.E. 2551.
• Learn Traditional Thai as well as universal social norms and etiquette described in detail. • Analyse Numerous situations given for analysis and decision-making regarding socially acceptable behaviour.
• Assess
Plenty of exercises provided to evaluate students’ understanding of social values learnt.
• Main Features
Learning about things around us to adapt ourselves to the environment for living in the society without disunity.
• Special Features Learning by doing the activities that encourage how to keep up with the changing situations.
BBRC3081
ISBN 978-616-541-343-5
9 786165 413435