Spring 1999 by PennNursing

Spring 1999 Vol II No2

ISSN 1049-2259

MEMBERS ' CORNER This year the Center received the foll owing tho ught-provoking I ner from Edith P. Lewis, RN , MN, FAAN, former Editorof Nurs ing Research, AlN, and Nurs ing Outlook. Aside from the immed iate salient points the writer makes the letter also spawned the idea that by sharing our members' th ou hts we could make The Ch ronicle a better vehicle for dialogue. We invite our consti tuency to write us abo ut nursing history iss ues, their recoi1ections of the pasl, and opin ions you woul d enjoy getting out of your system. We thank Edith Lew is for he r wonderful letter and fo r permission Lo use it to launch this experi ment. De.ar Dr. BuhJer-Wilkerson : As I enclose this year's contri bution to the Center, Tfind that I can no longer resi I commenting on what seems to me to be an almost aby mal Jack of knowledge about, interest in, or attenlion to the s cial and professional t: r es that have led to the formation, growth and development, and oc ca ·ional demise of our pr fe sionalorganizations . I say "seems" because 1 may be wrong; advancing age, severely impaired vi ion, and a di incli nati on to travel prevent me fro m attending meetings or keeping up very well with the professional Iiteratur . But I st ill talk and correspond with other nurses -- most of them younger than I -- and am amazed at how many olherwi e well-infomled nurses have never heard f the Structure Study, . eem 10 think that ANA and NLN, like Athena sprillging fully anned from the brow of Zeus, prang fully armed from the br w ofTsahel Hampton Rohb (the " fully arm d" from Greek mythology is apt; the two organizati ons have been taking pOI ' h . at 'aeh other ever since), or arc unaware of the dy namics that led up to Esther Lucille Brown's Nursing for the Future. Read ing Joan Lynaugh's warm and perceptive tribute to E leanor Lambertsen in the most recent Chronicl e gave me a nosta lgic attack of' time remembered . ' I wonder how many readers will remem ber the Lysaugbt Report with its "episodic" and "distribu tive" nursing categories. or the Surgeon General' Report on Nursing (it bad both a date and title but, alas,l can't remember either and have no 'ouree materials ), who:e fi 't and much quoted en tence, if! r member this correct ly, was "Nursi ng is a d ep\y troubled profession." OnJy those of my generation and a few students of nursing histo ,I fear. I am 84 and have lived through the same si . decades as ElcanorLambenscn -- not as an activ ist, however, but a bserv r fro m an edi torial viewpoi nt. But I can till rem mber the faces of Alma Scott and Adelaide Mayo, then chief execs o f ANA and LNE respectively, as lhey listen d to their orgauizations being dissected at the last joint convention of A A, NLN"E. and NOPHN that concluded the Structure UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Study in 1952. And, in turn ing my atten SCHOOL OF NUR ING tion to anothe r landmark event in nur mg. I remember quall y well the reaclions of most of nursing'S leaders as thc char ismatic Shirley Tilus pushed ANA into

Center for The Study of The History of Nursing

(cont inued on flage 4)

Edilh P _Lewi!>

CENTER FOR THE STUDY

OF THE HISTORY OF

NURSlNG The CenlerjiJr The Study u/The Hi s tory uf Nursing IVa estab lished in 19R5 to cnco urage and fac ilitate hi sto ri cal sc hol ar ship on henl th care history and nursing in th Unit d Slates. ow in it-; ri flee nt h yew· of exi stence, th e Center continues to create and mai ntain 3 r"source fo r such re~e arch; to im pro ve the l.[uality and scope of hi stori cal schola rs hip on nursing; anel t\l d isse mi nate new kno wledge on nursi ng history tJ1 J"Ough education, con fere nces, publica tion" and inter-dis ciplinary eollaboratinn. Current rrojects at th· Ce nt er range from st Li el i e~ 01" in tema ti onal nursing, h me bascd nursi ng. and research on care 01" the crit icall y ill to the twent ieth-cen tury rela ti onship hetwe n nurs ing <Ul d Ame ri can ph ilanthrop . We al so conti nu e to collec t, process, Hnd catalo" ue an oLi tMand ing col lection 0 1" primary hi storical mate ri al, . Feel free to visit the Ce nter Mond ay through Friday, 9: 00 a.lll. tll 5:00 p.m . Schola rs planning to cond uct research at th ~ Center s.hou ld con tact th e Center's cllIator at 21 5-898-4502. Qur cliralllr will respund " ith a descripti on or th e ~cope and cont nt of relevant mMerial s in the va riou s co ll ec ti ons .

Center Advis ry Board Ann P. Knight, Chair M. Louise Fitzpatric k. Vice Chair Lillian Sholt is Brun ner Esther Cavanaugh Wi ll iam H. Hel fand

Hannah Henderson Jeanne Ki efner

Nadi ne Landis Mark Frazier Lloyd Charles E. R()se nberg Stephanie A. Stachnkwicz. Ann Percy Stroud Ti na Wei nt ra ub Center Staff

Karen Buhler-Wi lker OIl , PllD, FAAN Director Ellen D. Ba r. PhD . FAA Assnciaie Directo r Joan E. Lynaug.h, PhD FAAl Associale Director Margu Szabunia, MA , CA Cura tor Betsy Wei 's Adminlslm li ve AssislGnt Ri ta Beatty lIolllllteer Hillary Aiscnstei n Edilor. The hron icle

NEWS FROM THE CENTER

CENTER FELLOWS SELECfED

The Center l or the Study a/ the History Ci/, Nursing is pleased to announce the follow ing individuals have been se lected to receive swnmer research awards 1999 Alice Fisher Society Historical Scholar John Kircbge sner, D lct ral Student, niver ily of Virgin ia Mr. Kirchgessner is a ped iatric nurse practi lioner who has researched early twentieth century miners' hospitals and hcalth care delivery in West Virginia's coal field . This summer he will foc us on rhe devclopmenr of hospital . specifically public hospitals, and delivery of national health eare in the arly twentieth century. His research will seek infomlation [ compare and contra .[ U1e miner" hospitals with national trends of the era. In addi tjon. area ' of labor history. panicularly related to oal mjning and labor movements atth tum of the twentieUl century will be explored. 1999 Lillian Sholtis Brunner Summer Fellow Kathleen G. Burke, Doctoral Student. University of Pennsylvania M . Burke 's research topic is entitled "The Development and Diffusion of Healtll Care Technology: the Role of ursing, 1965 1990." With a background in critical care nurs ing and education . Ms. Burke's goal is to analyze, from a s cia! historical per pective, the dcvelopment and di ffusion of health care technology in the late decade of the twentieth century to better understand the influence of social. cultural, economic. and political factors on clinical practice and decision making in the use of technology.

RR -NTREsEARCHATTHECE TER

The following individuals are Ph.D. candidates at the Univer: ity of Pennsylvania

School of Nursing and freque nL re earch patron of Ule Center. Their research topics,

which wi ll be of interest (0 our readers, are described briel1y.

Kathleen G, Burke

Dissertation Tifle: The Development and Diffu ' ion of Health Care Technology: A

Case Study of th Pulmonary Artery Cath ter.

Pro};ress thus / ar includes: Course work c mpleted, proposal successfully defended.

Currcntly gathering data and writing related lield papers. Plan for completion in 20UO.

Fu nding sources incfude: Baxter Health Care Corporation - Edward ' Critical Care Divi

sion. Sigma Theta Tau XI Chapter, Suu theastern Pa Chapter of the American Associa

lion of Crit ical Care ursing, American Association for the History of NW'sing

ompetitjve Student and 1999 Lillian Sholitis BrunncrSummer FcllowsllipatThe Cen ter for the Study of the History of Nursing KatyDawley Disserlatioll Tille: Leaving the Nest: Nurse -Midwifery in the nit~d States 1955- 1980. The dis. ertation analyze nurse-midwifery's transilion from physiwm directed to inde pendent pract ice. After tbe founding ollhe American College of urse-Midwifery in 1955. nur e-midwifery exp rienced dramatic ex pan ion in educational opportuniLi s, numbers of graduate nurse-midwives. nllll numb rs of practice sites. These develop ments were part of two decad s of social transformation igllHed by demands for civil rights. women's liberation. and control over childbirth. Thi . study will examine th im pact of socia l structures, institutional ronns of powcr, gender and class relationship, and e 'onomic change, on nurse-midwifery ' . transition toward autonomous practice within the (' ntex t of mid twentie lh century ferment Achievement of autonomy will be analyzed through examination of nur e-midwives ability to control entry into practi(;c. regul ation of pradice, and the invention or the birth center. an in ' titulioD for nUTse midwifery practice, policy. and education .

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NEWS FROM THE CENTER

PASSAGE

Funding . ow·ces illc:lLlde: Katy has had a leaching assistanship for three and a

half years. She also has two important grant applications pending.

At press Lime, the Center's sta tf mem bers were saddened to learn that nursing scholar. ducator nd leader, Hildegard -. Peplau. 89, died March 17. 1999. al her home in Sherman Oaks, California. Her theoretical and clinical work led to the development of the distinct specially field of psych iatric nursin . T he Chronicle will run a Cull obit uary in the next issue. De taiL an be fou nd at the AAHN website at http:// ¥ww.aahn.org/featl.lre.html.

Jean Whrlan

Dissertation Title: Employing Nurses; The Conversion of Private Duty Nurses to

Staff urses. 1923- 1963. This is a historical study of the nurse labor market during

that identifies and analyzes the supply and demand for nUllie services and i~sues

and problems surrounding the nurse job market.

FUllding sources include: National LnsLilute for ursing Re 'ear h Individua l Na

ti nal Res ar\.:h Service Award, PredoclOral Fellowship; Xl Chapter, Sigma Theta.

Tau, University of Pennsylvania; Sigma Theta Tau. International, Small Grants

Award; Amerk:an urses Foundation, Eleanor Lamberts n, R Scholar Grant;

Rockefeller Archives Center !!fant.

Beth Ann Reedy

Dissertation Tille: Premature Infant Care in lhe U.S., 1922- 1946.

This i a study that identifies and amllyzes the social, cultural, and econom ic fac

tor that contributed to the development of premature infant care. The xpand ing

role of nurses in this new "specialty" and their impact on the expansion of hospital

and community services Lo premature infant· will be highlighted.

Funding sour es include: Currently has National Rc 'eareh Service Award funding

for IH months (9/30/98 - 3/30/00). Previ usly had two Sigma Theta Tau chapter

grants - one from Xi chapter (Penn) and one from Delta Rho chapter (Thomas

Jeffer on University).

Cynthia Connolly

Dissertatil)n Til le: urturing Incarceration : Children and the Tuberculo. i . Preven

torium, 1900-1945. A new TB category. the p tentially sick child, was created with

the advent of the llIbere ulin test in 1907. The finding lhat large numbers of chil ·

(iren harbored th tuberculosis (TE) bacillus galvan ized Progressive activists to

implement a number of preventive. diugno tic, and treatment alternatives. This

dissertation analyzes the little known nursing role in the preventorium movement,

an early twentieth century cru .. ade to prevent pediatric TB. Believing that sickly

children of poor tubercular parents suffered from "physiological poverty", many

such youngsters were scnt to rural inslitutions. This "nurturing incarceration"

was a nexus for the Progressiv crusades of tuherculosis prevention, public health

nursin u , ch ild- 'aving and eugenics.

The preventorium cm ade is li ttle remembered, but its central precept. ascertain ing

whether 01" not a child hai led from a "good" or a "bad" home env ironment , can be

ob. erved in many contemp rary American social policy debates. Understand ing

lhe preventorium movemen t help~ contextualize current issues in a way thai af

fords better understandi ng of the roots of IOday 's assumpti ns, biases, and va l

ue regarding children and families .

Funding sources include: National Institute for Nursing Re eareh Individual Na

tional Re. arch Service Award. Sigma Theta Tau International. and Xi Chapter of

Sigma TIleta Tau.

Mary nn Krisman- cott

Disserla(ion Title: The Room at the -nd o/" llle Hall : Care of the Dying in the

United States from 1945 to the Initiation of Hospice. The care f dying cancer pa

ticnL'> will be u..o;cd as the case illustrati n.

Funding sources include: Institutional Pre-D etora1 Fellowship in Psyc ho-social

Oncology. Research Training Grant T32NR07035, Nutionaiin tirute of ursing

Re earch. Dr. Ruth McCork.le, Program Director.

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

Jeanl1e Quint Benoliel Papers, 1962

1998 , 3 .75 linearfeet . Dr. Benoliel is Pro

fessor Emeri tus of PsydlO, ocial and Com munity IIea lth, Un iversity 01 Washington Sc hool of NLlrsi ng. She joined the faculty in 1970 and became department chair at a time when the school was reorganizing. She was a memberoflll committee plan ning a Ph.D . program in ursing SCIence and ~he initialed a funded study of pat terns oldying in hospitab . 1973-1977. Having authored numerous artides and books n nur ing care of cancer and ter minally ill patients, she is a frequent guest lecturer and consultant. She ha been active in many nursing professional org,l nizations at bolll the tate and nali nal levels. The bull.. of lhe e pap rs reHeet Dr, Ben liel's work on Lh ANA ommission on ursing Research and related matters forthe years 1970- 1976. The Commission then a new ly created. Iructure with in the ANA, created an infrastructure though which nurse investigator could meet, offe r programs, and exchange information. This proee 's was an important p1ll1 of or ganized nursing 's growth as a profe sion. Rll th McCorkle Papers. 1941-1 998. 0.4 linear/ eer. Dr. Me orkle i presently Pro

fessor and Director of the Center for Ex cellence in Chronic Illness Care and Chair orthe DNSc Program at Ya le University School of Nursing. Before Yale, McCorkle spent twelve years at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. where for ten of those year . he wru the Direc tor of the Center for Advancing Care in Seriou TIlness and Assoc iate Director of Cancer Control for two year at the Uni (continued 011 page 5)

MEMBERS' CORNER

ALICE FISHER SOCIETY HISTORICAL SCHOLARSHIP The Ali cc Fisher Soc iety His torical Scholarshi p wi ll again be of fered In 2000 by lhe Center f or T he SLudy oj Thc Hi tory o/N ursi ng at the University of Pennsylvania. The generosity of the Alumn i Associa tion of the Phi ladelphia General Hospital Training School for Nurses makes it po sible for the Center to offer this re earch s.: holarship. The $2,500 award will be open to nurse. at lh' master's or doctora l level who are seek ing assistance wiLh research and writing as part o f lhe ir study of history. Each scholar wi ll he ex pected to spend 4 to 6 weeks in re i de nce aL th Center. Appl ications for the Alice Fisher SocieLY Histori.:al Scholar Sllip may be obtained by writing Center Director Karen Buhlcr Wilkerson at the Center for T he Stud of The History of Nursi ng, niversity o f Pennsylvania, School of Nursing. 307 Nuring Educalion Building. Philadelphia, PA 19104 6096,or calI2 15-898AS02 .Theappli cation deadl ine i December 31.

1999. TIus form is available on-Iine at http ://www. nursing.upenn. du/his tory/fellow lfisher.htm.

(CO I1!illll ed{rOIlI p age I )

a cepting the concept f collective bargaining and its firsL economic security program in 1946. When the late lnez Hi.nsvark was secretary for the Credentialing Study of the ' 70s*, she wrote a splendid, no-holds-barred history of our professiona l organizations. 1 don 'L think she intended it to be published -- iLwas too fra nk -- but possibl lhe Cen ter is the custodian of her papers and might find some way to put lhi ' one L On! truc tive use. I'm wriLing th is I tter noLbecause I'm h iding the CenLer responsible for nUT es' ignorance ab ut their profes ional orga nizations, but bec aus I wi h there were ome way to nudge them into more interest in the subject. Were I young r, fo r instance. I wo uld like to research the many and varied com missions that have studied nursing over the years -- the Goldm ark Re port might be a good tarting point. What lead to the e tablishmcnt or lhese commissions" W hat we re the outcomes? Did they bring about any significant , long-term changes? Thank you for li stening to what I fear has turned out to be not much more that a long-winded tri p do wn memory lane. I 'hould probably be tulTed, mounted in a glas cage. and I' beled " Ancient NUJ'$i ng Re lic." No response is ca lled fo r; il has heen my pleasure to get all th is out of my system. -Edith P. Lewis. Southbury. CT

*Editor' N Ie: The Am rican Nurses' Assoc iation contracted with the University of Wis.:onsin-Mi lwaukee's School of Nurs ing to conduct a ludy to examine the feasibil ity of Be reditation of basic and graduate education . Known as the Study of Credell lialing in Nursing, the projecL began in January 1977 and ended in April 1979. Dr. Inez G. Hinsvark was the tudy d irec tor. The smdy asses ed credentialing mecha nisms in nur ing, i.ncluding accreditation, certification, and licen ure; . uggested ways for increasing the effecti venes o f credentia llng; and reco mmended CutUT - directions for credentialing in nu rsing, The Tccords of the committee for this tudy are held by the University of Wisconsi n--Milwaukee . The Ce nter does nol own a .:opy f the study'S repor! but wouJd love to acquire one.

USING NURSING'S PAST TO SECURE ITS

FUTURE

" Many of u have been part of the Center ince its founding, and are .:ommitLed to m aki ng it a perm anent part of the School and University," That wa::; lhe inspiraLion that I ad Ellen Baer, Eme ritus Professor and honorary Penn ursing Alumna an d Henry Baer. a member of tbe School of Nu rsing's Board ofOvcrsecrs, to challenge the Advisory Board o f the Center for lhe Study of the Hi tory of Nursing and s me of iL<; closest supporters to g ive more to the CenLer. "I believe in nur ing and the contribution it make, to patients and their health care . r have always been puzzled by why '0 iety does not accord morc credit to nw's ing for the work it doe '. III my own re earch 1 became convinced lhat nursing', invis ibi lity is the main reason fo r so e iety'~ la.:k of ack nowledgment. As J[ an Lynaugh has said: H istory is a method for making the invisible visible. The Center is a mechanism to make nurs ing vi ible, and I have tried to support the Center financial ly as well as ve rba lly fo r that rea50n. Fortunately my husband Hank ha!\ been an enthusiastic part ner in tllis mission," comme nts Dr. Bae T.

El len and Hank Baer in !h e Center'!,' reading roo m.

The Baers created a challenge gTanl which asked the Center' , Advi ory Board and major supporters to match the Baer's contri bution in hopes of attaining the mill ion dollar mark endowm nt fo r the Center. In addition to an outright gifL. in 1997 the Baer created a charitable trust that preserves asse ts for the Center while giving quarterly income to the Baers for lheir lifetimes. (con(inucd un pa.ye 7)

MATIDAS BRUNNER REMEMBERED It is with great sadness that the Cent r an nounces the death , on Oc tober 20th, of one of its long-time supporters, Mathias 1. Brunner, 76, of Lancaster, PA. Mr. Brunner was born in Brooklyn, NY and earned a degree in mechanical engi neering from the Prau Institute in New York. He did his gradua te work at the niver sity of Penn. ylvania and the Univer ity of Pi ttsburgh. Mr. Brun ne r was nati nally promin nL and mainta ined m mbership in the New York Academy of Sc ience , the Na of Professional tional Soc i, ty Eng ineers, the American Soci ety of Mechan i cal Engineers, the Ameli ean Rocket Society. PhiSigmaOmega and Tau Beta Pi. Mr. Bru nner worked as a con sult ing engineer and senior aero thermodynamics engineer for the General Electric (/ef/ 10 ri~ h /) Mr . Sam an d Dr, laire Fag in with Mrs . (J/ld Mr. Company from Brun ner 1957 to his ret ire ment. Previ usly, he had worked a a sen ior design engineer in the power 'ystems div isio n at Westinghouse Electric Corporation . His de ign work cu lmi nated in several paten ts n axial flow compressor ' and heat protecli n systems. Mr. Brunner is surv ived by his wife of 47 years, the well-known author of nursing textbook, Li llian Sholt i ~ Bru nner; three children, Dougla s, .Ianet, and Car I; and a granddaughter. Mr. and Mrs . Brunner provided funding to establish the Lil lian Sholti, Brunner Summer Fell owship at the Center and they both have been very devoted to preserving Nursing's history .

ICN HISTORY NOW IN

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

(con linuedji'om p age 3)

vers ity of Pennsylv ania CancerCompre hensive Center. From 1975-1986, ' he was a professor in the D partment of Com mun ity Health Care Systems. S('hool of Nursing, University of Wa hington, Seattle, W A. Dr. McCorkle is a widely publ ished au thor of papers and book articles , These papers con sis t of diplo mas and certificates, correspondence and memo , grant pro posa ls, U.S . Air Force Nurse Corps duty orders, newspa pers clippi ngs and photograp hs.

Doris Roberts Paper ", 193/ -199'. 1.25 linear f eel . Dr. Robelts devoted her ca reer t the field of Publ ic Health . She rec j ed her Ph.D. in epidemiology at the Unive rsity of North Carolina and has held positions in a vari 'ty of ageneie such a the New Haven Visiting Nurses As ciation, Neighborhood HOll e, and the World Hea lth Organization. The ma jority of Roberts ' career was spe nt WiUl the United States Public Health Serv ice, a period in whic h she authored and pub lished many papers, some regarding her r Ie traY ling around the world prom l ing public health. This collection is compri 'ed of published articles, papers (some dating b ck 10 college assign ments), con'espondence, award and certificates of recog nitio n, program and journals of public h alt h conferences, and photographs.

PR1NT!

Nurse ol Ali Nations .· A Hi. tory a/ the International Council oI Nurses. 1899-1999 by Barbara L. Bruh. PhD. RN, Boston CoUege, Boston, MA; Joan E, Lynaugh, PhD, RN, FAA ,University of Pennsylvania, Phi ladelprua. PA; Geertje Boschm a, PhD , Un i versity of Alberta, Edmont n, Alberta. Canada; Anne Marie Rafferty, PhD, Lond n chool of Hygiene and Tropical Med ici ne, London, England; Meryn Stuart, PhD. U ni versity of Ottawa, Ottawa. OnLario, anada; and Nancy J. Tomes, PhD, State Univer ity of New York, Stony Bro k, NY Publi shed to celebrate the ICN's Centennia l and Quadrennia l Conference in Ju ly 1999 at the Royal College ur Nursing in London, the bo k i. written h renowned nu n;e rusturians who provide a range of historica l p r pectives and exam ine the fo unding and growth of the ICN. Th is title i now avai lable from Lippincott Williams & Jenkins. To orde r, call toll free: 800-638 -3030 r visit the World Wide Web at http://www.nur·ingcenter.cm

CORRECTION

T he Center regre ts any con fusion ca used by an ITor in v 1 ume numbe r. Th spring 1998 i 'sue was print d as vol. 9, no . 2. It shou ld have been vol. 10, no. 2.

DONORS TO THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF THE HrSTORY OF NURSING JANUARY Alumni Association of the Ho pital or the University of Pennsylvania School of urs ing lumoi Association of the Training School ror ur es Philadelphia General Hospital Linda H. Aiken Virg inia Ann Ait<l Les lie A. Altieri William F. Ariano Ellen Davidson Baer Mr. and Mr ' . J. Mark Baiada Nira Bartal Barbara Bate. Jeanne Quint Beoolie l ' ve lyn Rose Benson Nettie Billlbach Ruth M , Bleakley Cynthia Bowe Nancy N. Boyer Anne Bllylin An n Marie Wal. h Brennan Barbara Brodie Frances Brouse Susan Bmnoli-Sliller Karen Buhler-Wi lkerson Judith Caesar Carob neCamunus sther Cavanaugh Alice Lee Chun Marlene H. Cianci Pamela Cipriano Lydia E. Clark Beryl Boardman Cleary Joyce C. Co ll ing

1, 1998

THROUGH DECEMBER

Grace K. Coulson Nancy S. ross Joyce McMahon Devoe Janna L. Died.ll1ann Irene Dissinger Helen B. Dopsovic Patrici a D' Antonio Mr. and Mrs. Edmund Duffy Helen Edward ' Grace P. Erickson Jonathan Erlen Julie Schauer Fairman Jane A. Farrell-Beck Suzanne L. Feetham .Janet L. Fickei 'sen M. Louise FiLZpatrick Marily n E. Flood PalmerH. Futcher Ela ine Richards Gage Ga.le GameT Florence R. Gartland Carol P. Germain Lauric G Iass Melanie Goan Murie S. Goulhum Randy E. Gould Elizabeth H. Graham Dorothy Reher Haa~ Donna E. Haney Jean Hathaway Fergusson Laura Lucia Hayman Patricia A.lleffner William )-I.llelfand Carol . Helmstadtcr Beth Helwig Mrs. Hannah L Henderson

31 , 1998

Kin N, Holbek William L. Holzemer Christy Nyc Hoover Jacqueline Rose Hott Louise Fahl Hoy Mary E. Irwin Jacqueline L. Kabn D rothy G. Kapenstein Ursula M. Karau Ida H. Kaufman AIda E. Kerschner Marilyn G. King Barbara 1, Kline Ann P. Knight Loretta Kramer Eloise R. Lee Dorothy Harvey Leonard Helene B. Kerritz Levy Edith P. Lewis Mary Ann Lewis Barbara Vrabel Lund .loan , Lynaugh Mary B. Macbride Eli zabeth Mndeira Marguerit L. Manfreda Barbara Barden Mason E. Ann Maller Erline P. Mcgriff Glorial. Mcneal Mathy Mezey Lois A. Monteiro Mabe l Morris Ann C. Molle Mary Alice Musser William Naylor Mary Duffin ay \or

liZlIbcth M. Norman VeronieaC.O'Day TIlOmas mig 01 on Maral Paillnjian Julia B. Paparella John L. Parast:andola Clara.Toms Park Sleven J. Peitzman Wilma l. Phipps Robert V. Piemonte Roberta J. Piper IdabeUe Ream Susan Reverby Natalie . Riegler SylviuRinkcr Marianne T. Roncoli Charles E. Ro enberg Margaretel. Sandelowski Alice Suva lil) Carla Schj scI RozeUa M. Schlotfeldt Barbara Schnur Thelma M. Schorr Doris Schwartz Patricia Ann Sheehy Norma Rohrbough Shue M::rry .lane E. Siekert Suzanne C. IlIclLzer Nancy . nydcr Theresa R. Snyder Christine rr. Spagna Jean Marlin Spangler AnnelLe C. Squire Stephanie Stuchniewicz Beverly Peril Stem Lucy E. letter

MEMB R HlP APPLICATIO TO THE CE TER FOR TH • STUDY OF TJ HI TORY F NURSING Enclosed is my check for $ ; please enroll me in the f llowing group: _ _ _CenterConrributor ($50 to $99) _ __Fri end of the Center (Up to $49) ___Linda Rit:hards Society ( 100 to $249)

Lillian Wald Society ($250 LO $499)

_ __Alice Fisher ociety ( 500 md Up) ___Please send me more information about named gift opportunities.

_ __Please send me more infon11ation about making a bequest to the Center.

Name School _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ Address _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ ___

City _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __

State _ _ _ __

Year _ _ _ _ __

Zip _ _ _ __ __

Please make your check payable to the Trustees of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania. Mai l your tax-deductible ontTibulion to the

Center for The Study of The History of ursing, University of Penn ylvania, School of Nursing, 307 Nursing Education Build

ing. Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096.

CALENDAR - --

ill the Vietnam Era . Military Nurse Re

Janet Tighe from The History and Sociology of Sci ence Department at the University of Pennsylvania will chair a session on "Ex ploring the Promise of the Web for Teaching the History of Medicine" along with panelists lennir; f Gunn . University of Minnesota Medi(;al School; Kathleen Jones, Virginia Tech; and Elizabeth Toon. and Nathan Ensmenger, (both of the History and Sociology of Science Depal1ment at the University of Pennsyl vania). William Helfand will be pre ent ing Jersey Pills IJ lld .Ieney lIIs atlhe meeting of the American In. titute of lhe History of Pham1acy, one of the concur rent meetings. At another concurrcnt session, Archivists aDd Librarians in the History of the Health Sciences, John Para condola, Historian, U.. Publk Heal th Service, will discus the role of the Public Health Service at Elli.. I land. including medical inspections and the ho pitat. A full day tour of the EUls ls land Museum and the abandoned ho pi ta! facilities is orfered on May 6. Please see the wcbsite at http:// www.histmed.org forrnor<~ information. crIIllment Adl'erlisemenls .

Teachers College entcnnial Graduate education in nursing began at Columbia Univer Ity Teachers C liege In Ncw York City in lH99 with thecrealion

( corll inued ) ;-0111 hack) - ---'

of Ole Hospital Economics course and ha been II pre~ence at TC ever since. The 36th Annual babel Maitland Stewart Conference on Research in ursing will beh !dApril 11,1999. TheCentennia! Gala Celebration. "Celebrating 100 Years of Influence" will beOctober8-9, 1999. For further inforn1ation contact Dr. Diane J. Mancino212 -58l -22 I I X217 oremail Dianc@n ·na.org. Depa rtment of History and ociologyof Scien e, niversity ofPennsylvania

Spring 1998 Workshops April 12: JennifcrMn okin, nivers i!yof Virginia April 19: Rana Lieberman. Princcton ni versity W rk hop are held in room 392 Logan Hall. 249 South 36th St. Websi te h up:/ /cca t .sas. upen n.edu/h ss/ College of Physicians ofPhil adelphi a

April2 16: 15 p.m. The Leslie Nicholas Lecture Bennett Lorber, M.D.• Thomas Durant Pr fe ' sor and Chair, Section of Infectious Diseases. Temple University School of Medi ine, "Are AII Diseases Infectious? (This lecture i part of the Emerging Infectious Diseases Lecture eries) 2 IS-563-:n37.X297 or273. Website: http://www.eollphyphil.org/

LILLIAN SHOLTIS BRUNNER FELLOWSHlP The Center for The Study of The llistory of Nurc;ing will again offer th Lillian holtis BrUiUlcr Scholarship of $2,500 to support 6 to X weeks of residcnLiaJ study us ing the Center's ollecti ns. Selection of" Brunner Scholars will be hased on evidence of preparation anti/or prodUClivity Ln historical re earch related to nursing. Although d ctorally prepared candidates are prercrred, the fellowships are open to those with pre-doctoral preparalion . Brunne r Scholars will work under the general direction of nurs hi torians as ociated with the Center and may participruc in Center activities. It is expected that the research and new materials produced by Brunner Scholar; will help ensure the growth of scholarly work focused on th hi tory of nw-sing . Applications for the Lill ian Sholtis Brunner Scholarship may be obtained by writ ing Center Director Karen Buhler-Wilkerson at tile Center fo r The Study of The His tory of ursing. Univcr:ity of Pennsylvania. School ofNur-ing, 307 ursing Educa tion Building, Philudelphia,PA 19104-6096, orcalI215-8984502. The application dead lineisDe ember3!, 1999. Thi· form i available on- lin at hrtp://www .nursing. upenn .edu/history/fellow/ brunner.htm.

DONORS

_ _ _ _ _-'(COl1linlledfrOIll page 0 )

Rosemary A. Steven Ruth Stockel! Ann Percy Stroud Mr. and Mrs. Herbert SLrumpf NevilleSlrumpf Margo Szabunia Jenn iferE. Travers Marion Bums Tuck. Lorraine Tulman DoloresK. Van Name Elizabeth Vickers Linda Walsh Ellen Drace Warner Veri Waters Emma Weigley Tina We in traub M"rjorie H. Wei el Mary Jessica Welfare CarolynA. Williams Susan T. Wilmerd ing Susan Witlerquist Ethel K. Wishart PaulineR. Wojciak Zane Robinson Wolf Alma Woolley

USING NURSING S PAST TO SECURE ITS

FUTURE

(wrI !inLl edjmm page 4)

"They committed to the future while sc(;uring the present." states Karen Buhler-Wilkerson. Cenler Director . .. lien and Hank ';' generosity and our dedicated board and friend who re sponded to theLr 'hallenge have ensured that hi story will provide insight. wisdom , and a voice for today's and tomorrow's nurses and their patients." Many, many thanks to the Buers for making this possible! The Center is also very grateful to Hannah and Welles Henderson and the Alumni As oeiation of the Philadelphia General HopiL,,1 Seh 01 of ursing fOrlheir exceptionally generous gifts.

CALENDAR

UPCOMING EVENTS T he I nternational ouncil of Nurses (ICN) Centennial celebr ation will be held in London, Ju ne27 th t hrough July Ist,1999. An int met website fo r the c ent has been launc hed and may be fund at hu p:// w ww .icnce lebratio ns.ren.org.uk. T he openi ng cere mon y at the Royal Al bert Hall will include a major pre. entatio n by IC Presiden L, Kir te n Stallknecht. Other pres nte rs at the c nfe r ne , to name j t a few . w ill include : Marcos Kisil D irector fo r Lat in America and the Cari bbean fo r the Ke ll ogg Foun dat ion on th subj ct f "P licy and Im pacts f Curre nt and Future Dec isi ns about Choices" Joan E . Lyna ugh. E me ritus Professor, University of Pennsyl vania , who w ill give a j oint presen ta tion wi th Dr. Ba rbara Brush, B ston College, on the history of the lCN in a paper ntitled " Setting th S tag for the Fu tu re" Ka ren Buhler-W ilkerson,Julie Fai rma n, and Cynthia Co rmo lly, Universi ty of P nnsy lvanja, "Expe rimenLal Hea lthcare: Nursi ng Innova tion Past and F uture" Registrati on can be made b dow nload ing the registratioJ fo rm from the we bsite and fax in o , or send ing it, w ith pay ment to: Briall Frenc h. Co nference Manager Royal College of Nursing 20 Cavendi 'h Sq uare London W 1M OAB United Kingdom F;.llc44(0)171 64734 11 E-mail: icn9( rcn.org.uk

Center/or TheStudyof The HistoryofNursing U IVERSITY OF PEl SYI.V A:-IIA SCHOOL or N RS ING 307 NURSI G EDU "TIONBUILD ING PlJIL \D F.LPIIl i\, PA 19 104-6096

The Hi torian are Coming, the Hi tori aus arc oming! To the American Asso ciation for the History of Nursing 16th Annual Conference October 1-3, 1999, Boston, Massacbusetts. The American A sociation for the History o f Nursing and the Boston College School . f Nu rs ing are co- ponsoring this ann ual con fe rence to p vide a forum for sharing h istori al research o n nursi ng. Some ' peeial eve nts in lude: a pre-conference se mi na r on teach ing nursing hi tory; pre-conference tour' of the New England Hospi tal for Women and Children (now Dimock Com mu nity Hea lth Center) a nd the Forest Hills Ceme tery where Linda Ri 'hard , Susan D imock an M arie Zakrzewska r pose, an opening recep tion on Friday eveni ng a t the Bu rns Ar chives o n the Boston College campu ; a keynot speech by an hi. torical fig ure; paper and poster presentations; . nd a banq uet Saturda cveni n at the hi toric Parker House H tel on Boston 's Free dom Trai l. Forconferenee information. please caLi the continuing du alion de partme nt at Boston Colleg School f Nursi ng, 6 17-55 2-42560rwrite t thede partment at B oston College Sch 01of N ursing. 140 C mmonwealthAvenue, Ch tnut Hi11, MA 02467 o r emai l at sonce@bc.edu The pr gram and regis tra tion inform tion will be pl aced o n the wonderful AAHN eb ite in June: http:// www .aaim.org/conf.htm l. Mid-Atlantic Regional ArchivesConfer ence, May 6-8,1999, Stale ollege, Pennsylvania. The them for thi meet

ing is Archi es Under Con truction. At least one sess ion from each time bI ck will be devoted to build ing a nd con struc tjon issues. A e ond trac utilizes the Pen n State's state-of-th e-art confer ence facili ties t highlight L chnological advances in the industry . A third Lrack f cuses on basic arc hival themes and skill . For information on the MARAC me ting and how Lo register, see the w bite - http://www.itd .umd.ed u/ MARAC/spring99.htrn. The Society of American Arcbivi ts Au gu t 23-29,1999, Pittsburgh , Penn yl vania . e sions in Pittsburgh will em ph size th ree dimen ions of the contem porary record challenge: creation, pres erv tion, and acce s. http:// www. library.cmu.edu/SAA American Association for the History of Medicine nnd Annual Meeting, May 6 9,1999, New Brunswick, NJ . Many Center sc holars will be contributing to its multifaceted and c mpreben ive pro gram. Karen Buhler-Wilkerson is chairing a se' ion on "Nurses at Work" in which two of our doctoral students will present: Cindy Connolly on "Nurturing In arceration" : The Tuberculosis Pre ventoriwn M ement, /909-1935 and Jean Whelan on Separate and Unequal : The Chicago Practical Nurse Private Duty Registry, 1950- 1965 . A third pre senter, Susanna TaipaJe, of the Depart m nt flIistory, State U niversity of New York at Stony Brook , will present on Wa r

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Philadelphia, PA