Table 2.1 CPI ranking of selected countries in 2010 Prepared by Transparency International

Table 2.1 CPI ranking of selected countries in 2010 (Prepared by Transparency International)

Rank Country 2010 (Score)

1 Denmark 9.3 1 New Zealand 9.3 1 Singapore 9.3 4 Finland 9.2 5 Sweden 9.2 8 Australia 8.7 8 Switzerland 8.7 20 UK 7.6 22 USA 7.1 78 China (People’s Republic) 3.5 87 India 3.3 91 Sri Lanka 3.2 110 Indonesia 2.8 134 Bangladesh 2.4 143 Pakistan 2.3

Source: Transparency International.

countries in the world still had a comparatively low ranking in CPI — 78 and 87 respectively in 2010.

Global Corruption Barometer

TI produces another measure of corruption known as the Global Corruption Barometer (GCB). GCB is intended to indicate how and where the ordinary people feel the impact of corruption. This Global Corruption Barometer is a public opinion survey based on responses to questionnaires asked in interviews to a sample population. The Barometer has been produced annually around the world since 2003. The questionnaire that is circulated is intended to find out, among other things, the general public’s attitudes to corruption, the extent to which the public believe that corruption pervades public institutions, their own experience (not perception)

with petty bribery in their pursuits of daily activity, and how they think that corruption could be weeded out.

Some of the questions included in the questionnaire of 2007 were as follows:

1. Do you expect the level of corruption in the next three years in this country to change? 2. How would you assess your current government’s actions in the fight against corruption? 3. To what extent do you perceive the following categories in this country to be affected by corruption? (This question is followed by a list of sectors: political parties, legislature, private sector, judiciary, police, military, educational system, medical services and so on). 4. In the past 12 months have you or anyone living in your household been requested a bribe from someone in the following institution/organization? (This is followed by a list of sectors similar to under question 3).

The Global Corruption Barometer (GCB) in 2007 was based on an interview of 63,199 people in 60 countries and territories between June and September 2007.

Some of the key findings of the GCB (2007) are:

(a) The poor and economically deprived sections of the population in both developed and developing countries are the worst victims of corruption whether in public or private agencies. (b) About 10% of the people around the world had to actually pay a bribe in the year before the interview; and corruption was reported to have increased in the Asia-Pacific region and in South East Europe. (c) Bribery is widely prevalent in public institutions, especially in interactions with the police and the judiciary. (d) Half of those interviewed believe that their government’s efforts to fight corruption are not very successful.

The Global Corruption Barometer (GCB) of 2010 confirmed the view that corruption adversely affected the poorer sections of the community who had to pay a bribe to get essential services like water, electricity and