“THE FUTURE STARTS TODAY”
FEB. 2015 - VOL. 1
[M]OBILE [H]EALTH
THE REVIEWERS: Our position in this “Magazine” Project is to review the overall vision of connecting patients (consumers) with information on Mobile Health.
Nghĩa Lê (Peter)
Farah Samani MAGAZINE GENRE: Creative Informational Analysis of Healthcare IT
By informing and influencing patients (consumers), healthcare advocates, and healthcare professionals, we strive to enhance the understanding of mobile application use. Therefore, improving tomorrow’s health well-being through health information technology and information management.
PURPOSE:
Exploring, Analyzing, and Comparing Various Mobile Applications for Tomorrow’s Healthcare.
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ABOUT THE MAGAZINE
IN TH
IS ISSU
E:
[pg.5] What’s Hot? What’s Not? [pg.7] To-DO or NOT To-Do? [pg.11] MH: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow [pg.17] The Benefits of Apps in Healthcare [pg.19] “How To” Manage + Implement [pg.23] Wish List [pg.25] Do You know FDA? [pg.28] Top Mobile Health Applications [pg.32] Coming Soon... 2
Mobile Health Mobile Technology Future of healthcare... for everyone!
LINK�
For those looking to lose weight and improve their
WHATS HOT? WHATS NOT? (FARAH ) BY: FARAH SAMANI
health with a fresh new mobile health app, look no further! There are several areas to explore when looking to improve health and overall wellness of ones self. These categories include: ◦
Sports and fitness activity tracking
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Diet and nutrition
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Weight loss coaching
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Pharmacy
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Sleep cycle analysis
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Stress reduction and relaxation
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Meditation
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Medical advice and patient community
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Menstrual period tracking
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Pregnancy
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Hospital selection and appointment management
There is a growing number of new mobile health applications that are being introduced into the market each year. To keep on top of whats trending, we have explored a few of the hot mobile health applications within these categories for smartphone users. iv
• Paul Mckenna: This app assists us• Smokefree - This app helps users
ers with weight loss, sleep, confi-
quit smoking by showing how
dence, phobias. Self proclaimed
much money they’ve saved, how
hypnosist.
much tar and cigarettes they are avoiding, and the steps their bod-
• Medscape by webmd – This app
ies are taking to recover since stop-
features news alerts, drug refer-
ping.
ences, disease and condition references, news articles and more. A
• Glow: A woman's health tracker app. focused on reproductive
one stop shop for all your medical questions!
health. Its newest feature- partnered with Walgreens to “refill by scan” prescriptions.
These mobile health apps are a great substitute for expensive and timeconsuming personal trainers, nutritional
• Luminosity: a mental health app
coaches, and doctor visits. With continu-
aimed to improve cognition by exer- ous commitment, these apps will enable cising the brain.
you to get what you want, when you want it. However, there are a variety of apps that aren’t so hot among consumers. Researchers have found that mobile health applications with the lowest ratings include those that lack a social support aspect and lack evidence-informed content.
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TO-DO OR NOT TO-DO...
THAT IS THE QUESTION?
To-DO: 1.Check the Rating and Credibility of your Apps. 2.Make sure to frequently update you Apps.
NOT To-Do: 1. If it’s a free application or public NEVER put any valuable personal information such as social security number or even date of birth.
3.Have FUN and make Being Healthy a great Life2. Be careful of scams and red flags for fraudustyle and Habit. lent activity. 4. Universal Experience - Does the app connect with other forms of technology such as computer, watch, car, even attire. 5. Make sure it’s user friendly for you! Don’t let something to hard to function ruin your day; however, do be open to experience something new though .
3. There are a lot of FREE or inexpensive apps out in the market; DON’T need to spend a fortune on apps that might not really give you what you want or need. 4.Don’t be a fool for Ads or deals that don’t seem realistic. Especially in FREE apps. They may spam or cause viruses.
BONUS: Make sure that by using a Mobile Health 5. Don’t be inconsistent with your life style; be it supports you in your needs! who you are and make a change for better health and don’t be close minded to new opportunities. 6
FDA Says It Will Not Regulate Low-Risk Mobile Health Apps as Medical Devices "CDRH [FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health] does not intend to examine low risk general wellness products to determine whether they are devices within the meaning of the FD&C Act," says a new guidance posted today on the FDA website ("General Wellness: Policy for Low Risk Devices. Draft Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff"). Recall FDA's "Mobile medical apps Proposed Scope for Oversight" pyramid: (Above Image) There are three parts of the pyramid: ! 1! The top of the pyramid includes mobile medical apps that are traditional medical devices or a part or an extension of a traditional medical device. Clearly within the scope of being regulated as medical devices.
! 3! The bottom section are devices that are not deemed “mobile medical apps” and, as such, have no regulatory requirements. The guidance released today is an attempt to define the boundary between parts 2 and 3 of the pyramid and to clarify what FDA meant in a 2012 guidance when it said this: "Mobile apps that are solely used to log, record, track, evaluate, or make decisions or suggestions related to developing or maintaining general health and wellness. Such decisions, suggestions, or recommendations are not intended for curing, treating, seeking treatment for mitigating, or diagnosing a specific disease, disorder, patient state, or any specific, identifiable health condition. Examples of these apps include dietary tracking logs, appointment reminders, dietary suggestions based on a calorie counter, posture suggestions, exercise suggestions, or similar decision tools that generally relate to a healthy lifestyle and wellness" (see "FDA Mobile Regulatory Fear Mongering by PhRMA")
! 2! The middle section includes patient selfmanagement apps and simple tracking or trending apps not intended for treating/adjusting medication. This is the area, as defined by CDRH, for enforcement discretion 7
YESTERDAY, TODAY,
THE EVOLUTION OF MOBILE HEALTH: LOOKING BACK IN TIME IT’S QUITE AMAZING TO SEE HOW FAR WE HAVE ACHIEVED AS A CIVILIZATION ON IMPROVING HEALTH. FROM TRADITIONAL TO NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE TO NOW NOW DIGITAL MEDICINE. MEANING, TOOLS TO ENHANCE OUR VIEW AND AUTONOMY OF OUR HEALTH. LET’S TALK A LOOK BACK AT A FEW THINGS FROM YESTERDAY, TODAY, AND TOMORROW... 10
Y E S T E R D A Y
IF WE THINK ABOUT IT, IT WASN’T TOO LONG AGO OVER A FEW DECADES WHEN THE TECHNOLOGY ERA EVOLVED, FROM THE CREATION TO THE INTERNET TO THE PHONES; EACH AND EVERYDAY IS A BUILDING BLOCK FOR TOMORROW. WITH THE INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES OF YESTERDAY, WE WON’T BE WHERE WE ARE TODAY,
Mobile phone subscribers per 100 inhabitants 1997-2007 distinguished by developed, developing and global world, source: ITU (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/graphs/mobile.jpg)
THE GRAPH TO THE LEFT IS A SIMPLE EXAMPLE OVER A DECADE OF TRANSFORMATION IN MOBILE PHONES. 11
THERE ARE A LOT OF THINGS TO TALK ABOUT TODAY BUT ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I WOULD LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT IS THE USAGE OF MOBILE HEALTH APPS IN OUT AMERICAN SOCIETY... AS THE WHOLE WORLD IS COMPETING AND USING THIS TECHNOLOGY, LET’S SEE WHAT WE ACTUALLY USE IT FOR...
66% of Americans Would Use Mobile Health Apps to Manage Their Health
T O D A Y
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• Almost two-thirds (66%) of Americans would use a mobile app to manage health-related issues, according to the findings released today from the 5th Annual Makovsky/Kelton “Pulse of Online Health” Survey. Conducted in January 2015 to 1,015 nationally representative Americans ages 18 and older by Kelton, the Makovsky Health survey investigated consumers’ behavior and preferences for engaging with online healthcare information. The survey uncovered shifts in consumer behaviors around online healthcare information use, this year’s survey reveals consumer readiness to disclose online personal health data as a path to improve treatment options. • The survey finds the top interests when downloading and using mobile health apps reflect proactive desires for informative, functional and interactive programs: -
Tracking diet/nutrition (47%)
-
Medication reminders (46%)
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Tracking symptoms (45%)
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Tracking physical activity (44%)
• Most common motivators for using a mobile health apps vary across health conditions. The survey found more than 6 in 10 (63%) Americans with gastrointestinal conditions would use mobile health apps to track diet and nutrition; among obese or overweight consumers, 61 percent would make use of a mobile app to communicate with a doctor; half (50%) of those with pulmonary conditions would use a mobile app for medication reminders; and 52 percent of Americans with cardiovascular issues would use a mobile app to track sleeping patterns. Wearable Device Adoption • Similarly, 79 percent of Americans would be willing to use a wearable device to manage their health – but with slightly different preferences when selecting a wearable compared to mobile apps: -
Tracking physical activity (52%)
-
Tracking symptoms (45%)
Managing a personal health issue or condition (43%) -
Tracking sleep patterns (41%), and
-
Tracking diet/nutrition (39%).
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• Additionally, 88 percent of Americans would be willing to share their personal information for the sake of improving care and treatment options, proving that many consumers feel there is a value in digital advancements that empower them to manage their health, and potentially opening the door for more streamlined physician engagement.
•
Other key findings include:
Trust and quality sources for healthcare information are important to consumers, and people are three times more likely to look to WebMD (57%) over government-affiliated websites such as the CDC (17%) or FDA (16%). 91 percent of Americans who would search online for health information, condition management (58%), exploring symptoms (57%), and researching a prescribed treatment (55%) are the most popular motivators. In contrast, if consumers were diagnosed with a medical condition, they would be most likely to research symptoms (41%), treatment options (26%), and specialized doctors and care facilities (18%). 80 percent of Americans willing to visit a pharma-sponsored website, those 66 and older were more likely to visit the site if a healthcare professional recommended it (52%).Â
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THE FUTURE OF TOMORROW IS ONE OF THE MOST SCARIEST THINGS THAT MANY PEOPLE IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY DON’T WANT TO THINK ABOUT; HOWEVER, WHEN WE EMBRACE THAT WE ARE BUILDING TOMORROW IT MAKES OUR MISSION FOR BETTER HEALTH MUCH MORE SWEETER...
T O M O R R O W
Disparities in Health App Use A closer look at the data reveals that the majority of smartphone users -- or those with the ability to download and use health apps -are between the ages of 25 and 34. This age group, also known as the young invincibles, attracted widespread attention during the implementation of the Affordable Care Act for generally being in good health and being less likely to purchase health insurance under the law. In an interview with mHealthNews, IMS Executive Director Murray Aitken noted that elderly U.S. residents are the biggest users of health care and are the population most in need of health care services, but just 18% of them use smartphones with the potential to download apps. Further, Pew reported that the percentage of U.S. residents who use a smartphone declines as the annual household income decreases. Health care experts in recent years have touted the ability of health apps to empower patients -- particularly elderly patients, those with chronic illnesses or low-income residents -- to be more involved in their health care. Joe Smith -- West Health Institute's chief science and medical officer -said that mobile health apps help patients pay more attention to their health and daily activities. He said, "There is value in getting patients to concentrate on their health."
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THE BENEFITS OF APPS IN HEALTHCARE (FARAH) By: Farah Samani Mobile technology has evolved rap-
allows users to become more involved
idly over the years and having a smart-
with their treatment and more engaged
phone has become the norm. Having in-
with their care.
formation at the tip of your fingers is essential to todays generation. Within the healthcare field, mobile health apps are booming. They are bigger now than they have ever been. It is changing the way patients and users interact with their health. With busy and demanding lives, it is
Mobile health apps benefit users a great deal by providing them with access to their own personal health information, tools and references on improving health, reminders for appointments or prescriptions, and providing nutrition and fitness logs. These are just some of the features available to consumers
easy to forget to care for our selves.
through mobile health applications.
With the help of mobile health applica-
These apps also provide a time and cost
tions, it makes taking control over our
savings benefits with its ability to assist
own wellness a little more convenient.
users with there basic needs such as
The convenience of mobile health apps
quick lookup references and suggestions from licensed physicians. By utilizing health apps, the user and the users primary physician both save time and money on office visits and healthcare costs. 16
Although beneficial, there are some
Although there is still work to be
lingering concerns to consider regarding
done, mobile health applications have
mobile health apps that cause some con-
come a long way and are the future of
sumers to resist adapting to such
healthcare. These applications are an in-
applications.These apps process large
valuable tool that will continue to im-
amounts of data and are required to
prove and enhance the benefits it pro-
maintain security and privacy regula-
vides to its consumers.
tions. This is where the analytics aspect needs to be further developed, to protect its users and maintain HIPAA requirements.
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“HOW TO”: Manage & Implement [MH] + HEALTH PROFESSIONALS These
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five st eps a intend re ed to help organ ization s man mobile age device s in a health care s etting .
BY: NGHĨA LÊ (PETER)
Decide Decide whether mobile devices will be used to access, receive, transmit, or store patients’ health information or used as part of your organization’s internal networks or systems (e.g., your EHR system).
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Right Leadership Top-‐level leadership unwaveringly committed to make this an organization priority. Clinical and operational executives account-‐ able for success are visible and present to demonstrate solid commitment.
Assess Consider how mobile devices affect the risks (threats and vulnerabilities) to the health information your organization holds.
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Identify Identify your organization’s mobile device risk management strategy, including privacy and security safeguards.
Governance EfAicient, clear decision-‐making structures are in place.
Right Culture Organization prepares, supports and sustains people through effective change management for a culture of change.
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Develop, Document, and Implement Develop, document, and implement the organization’s mobile device policies and procedures to safeguard health information.
Resources Adequate Ainances, technical infrastructure, and resources are committed for the long haul – this is a journey not a destination. Clinicians supported with dedicated time to participate in planning, workAlow redes-‐ ign and ongoing education.
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5
Shared Vision A shared vision is understood and embraced by the organization. Patient safety is at the forefront. Goals and beneAits are clearly deAined, mean-‐ ingful and measurable. Organization knows what success looks like and how to achieve it.
Train Conduct mobile device privacy and security awareness and training for providers and professionals.
Effective Training and Communication Plan Targets right group, with right message, at the right time. Provides "just in time" mandatory role-‐based scenario training for provisioning.
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BY: FARAH SAMANI Our generation is rapidly evolving. What is being demanded is constantly changing. So what is the consumer looking for in a mobile healthcare application? We have put together a short list of what we think consumers would like to see more of in either future applications or implemented as updates in current ones.
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http://www.wellnessandpreventioninc.com/solutio ns/healthplans/track-your-health 1. A more scientific review of applications. Consumers would like to be able to find objective research regarding their mobile health app, to evaluate the data and outcomes it
2. More FDA involvement in guidance of reliable information.This will enable as well as support the consumer in making better decisions and creating healthy lifestyle habits.
3. An application that provides trust and confidence. Applications that are able to acquire this have notedly prevailed. Users will commit longer to applications that have not failed them. Keeping with and maintaining glitches, security, and regulations will go a long way in this area.
4. Using the data from apps to connect patients to providers. Having the ability to take the data produced by a mobile application for the provider to use to improve, monitor, and maintain a patients care.
5. An app that keeps the user engaged and motivated. With the vast amount of mobile applications on the market, it is easy for the consumer to lose interest and move on to the next app. Ensuring that the mobile health application is engaging and motivational will help prevent the risk of deletion.
6. Having a social component. The sense of community within a mobile health application provides the consumer with support and encourages users to participate and be more active about their wellness. " There is a disconnect in the link between what consumers want and what most of these mobile health applications are able to offer. This again is just a short list of what we think consumers would like to see more of and what developers need to work on in order to obtain higher consumer satisfaction and to keep up with the ever-changing demands of our time.
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DO YOU KNOW FDA?
WHAT ARE MOBILE MEDICAL APPS?
According to the FDA, Mobile apps are software programs that run on smartphones and other mobile communication devices. They can also be accessories that attach to a smartphone or other mobile communication devices, or a combination of accessories and software. Mobile medical apps are medical devices that are mobile apps, meet the definition of a medical device and are an accessory to a regulated medical device or transform a mobile platform into a regulated medical device. Consumers can use both mobile medical apps and mobile apps to manage their own health and wellness, such as to monitor their caloric intake for healthy weight maintenance. For example, the National Institutes of Health’s LactMed app provides nursing mothers with information about the effects of medicines on breast milk and nursing infants. Other apps aim to help health care professionals improve and facilitate patient care. The Radiation Emergency Medical Management (REMM) app gives health care providers guidance on diagnosing and treating radiation injuries. Some mobile medical apps can diagnose cancer or heart rhythm abnormalities, or function as the “central command” for a glucose meter used by an insulin-dependent diabetic patient.
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How will the FDA regulate mobile medical apps?
The FDA will apply the same risk-based approach the agency uses to assure safety and effectiveness for other medical devices. The guidance document (PDF - 269KB) provides examples of how the FDA might regulate certain moderate-risk (Class II) and high-risk (Class III) mobile medical apps. The guidance also provides examples of mobile apps that are not medical devices, mobile apps that the FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion and mobile medical apps that the FDA will regulate in Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C. We encourage app developers to contact the FDA – as early as possible – if they have any questions about their mobile app, its level of risk, and whether a premarket application is required.
Mobile apps for which the FDA intends to exercise enforcement discretion
For many mobile apps that meet the regulatory definition of a “device” but pose minimal risk to patients and consumers, the FDA will exercise enforcement discretions and will not expect manufacturers to submit premarket review applications or to register and list their apps with the FDA. This includes mobile medical apps that: • Help patients/users self-manage their disease or condition without providing specific treatment suggestions; • Provide patients with simple tools to organize and track their health information; • Provide easy access to information related to health conditions or treatments; • Help patients document, show or communicate potential medical conditions to health care providers; •
Automate simple tasks for health care providers; or
• Enable patients or providers to interact with Personal Health Records (PHR) or Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems.
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Does the FDA regulate mobile devices and mobile app stores?
CONNECTED HEALTH
FDA’s mobile medical apps policy does not regulate the sale or general consumer use of smartphones or tablets. FDA’s mobile medical apps policy does not consider entities that exclusively distribute mobile apps, such as the owners and operators of the “iTunes App store” or the “Google Play store,” to be medical device manufacturers. FDA’s mobile medical apps policy does not consider mobile platform manufacturers to be medical device manufacturers just because their mobile platform could be used to run a mobile medical app regulated by FDA.
Connected Health refers to electronic methods of health care delivery that allow users to deliver and receive care outside of traditional health care settings. Examples include mobile medical apps, medical device data systems, software, and wireless technology. FDA's role in connected health continues to evolve along with medical device technology. The FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) plays an important role in enabling a connected health environment while assuring that patients stay safe and the new technologies work as intended. Currently, CDRH is focusing its efforts in several different areas including: • The convergence of wireless technologies with medical devices (in partnership with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)), • Medical devices used in a home environment, •
Mobile medical apps,
• Medical device data systems, and • The role of software in medical devices
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TOP MOBILE HEALTH APPLICATIONS BY: FARAH SAMANI
The use of mobile health applications to promote healthy living is a rising trend. It’s development and popularity have come a long way from where it was just a few short years ago. Finding the time to care for our physical and mental health is a rare indulgence. The solution to this problem is the convenience of mobile health applications which can assist with improving health on the go. 

It is time to take control of your health and we are here to help. We have reviewed the top mobile health applications that help with things such as tracking the intake of calories, burned calories, bmi, weight loss, and sleep, among other functionalities to encourage and support a healthier lifestyle. Now, your health is literally in the palm of your hands. 27
Name: Carrotfit What it is: A fitness cheerleader that tracks weight gain and loss. With the use of harsh criticism, Carrotfit motivates its users into losing weight. The app features work outs, tips, weight tracker, workout reminders, and BMI checks.
Why we like it: The app pushes users with its judgmental yet motivational remarks. Carrotfit will use “threatening, inspiring, ridiculing, and bribing” techniques to get you to where you want. It has a variety of features in one. Getting healthy hasn’t been this entertaining.
Cost: $1.99
Name: Fitocracy What it is: The app features the ability to track your workouts, earn points, and beat quests. You can work with trainers to reach your goals or make up your own routine or use the free workout routines provided.
Why we like it: This app has its own community to keep you motivated, to provide support, to compete with, and to keep you inspired. Fitocracy pushes its users to take on new challenges and push yourself to the limit.
Cost: Free.
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Name: Fitbit
What it is: An all day activity tracker. This app counts steps, workouts and sleep patterns. It tracks caloric intake using its food log and calories burned during activity. This app syncs with myfitnesspal and other Fitbit devices such as Aria, fitbits weigh scale.
Name: Myfitnesspal
What it is: A calorie counter that makes losing weight fast and easy with its diet and fitness tracker. This app has the largest food database with over 5,000,000 foods. It has a recipe uploader for those who cook and even has a built in step tracker.
Why we like it: This app is very versatile and connects with over 50 other apps Why we like it: You can compete with and devices. Its large food database friends to keep your activity levels up. You can set and achieve goals then view makes it fast and easy to track calories. your progress. Other additional features Myfitnesspal also has a barcode scaninclude gps tracking and heart-rate moni- ner, you can track food by just scanning its barcode! toring.
Cost: Free. Can purchase bluetooth wireless tracker that syncs with app.
Cost: Free.
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Name: UP by Jawbone
What it is: Similar to Fitbit, UP is an all day activity tracker that guides users to a better and healthier you. It is an all in one tracker that features tracking steps, activity time, and calories burned. It also tracks sleep patterns and food intake.
Why we like it: Up features a “smart coach” that helps guide the user to making simple adjustments in their daily routine. This app motivates users with its user community, where users can compete against each others activity.
Cost: Free. Will need to purchase the product specific Bluetooth tracker. Or can download its alternate app to use without tracker.
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Apple’s
HealthKit, which involves not
only Apple, but Mayo Clinic and Epic. Rumor has it that Samsung will also be coming out soon with the next version of their Galaxy Smartphone accompanied by a developers’ toolkit for health apps. Google will be launching Google Fit.
Something new in the air....
Video: Microsoft Health Band: Live Healthier
Samsung is not sitting still, having released increasingly sophisticated versions of their S Health app.
LINK’
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ANOTHER Break-out year for mHealth. The mHealth market is said to have been $1.95B in 2012, growing to $49B by 2020; the wearables market is predicted to be $12B by of which 60% will be health tracking. We just coined a new term, the Internet of (Healthy)..
First the words of caution.
Here are some facts that remind us of the challenge: Although one out of ten U.S. adults over the age of 18 owns an activity tracker, within six months, one-third stops using it. More than 80% of health apps (like Lose It! or MyFitnessPal) that are downloaded are abandoned within two weeks. Also of note, Aetna discontinued CarePass last week, seemingly because their members weren’t enthralled by it. Most app development is based on the adage, “Give the people what they want.” Snapchat, Instagram, Tinder, etc., are all designed to meet a basic human need in a very simple way. The challenge in health care is that, though we know what patients/consumers need to do to improve their health, most of them don’t want to hear about it. That makes building ‘sticky’ health apps and 33
devices much tougher than a messaging or photo sharing app. Today, most health care app development is still confusing education with inspiration. They are not equivalent! We check our smartphones 150 times per day. But in a blood pressure monitoring study at the Center for Connected Health, we had difficulty getting patients to push one button once a day to participate in a program their doctor enthusiastically recommended for them. What, then, do we do to take full advantage of the opportunity that Samsung, Apple, Google and others are providing us? The answer, simple and yet elusive, is: Focus on Engagement Technologies come and go, trends take hold and others fade away. We are learning a great deal about how to empower patients to self-manage their health, and what to do with all of this patient-generated data. The common denominator, the one critical element we must get right, is how to ‘sell’ health to consumers and keep them coming back for more.
Big tech giants are dipping their toes into mHealth at an unusually fast clip. 34
Apple's introduction of the HealthKit app promises to bring activity monitoring to its devices in a big way. The new Apple Watch shows they're serious about the consumer side of mHealth—both from an app standpoint as well as by jumping into the wearables world. Google and Microsoft, each no stranger to mHealth initiatives, are continuing to try to tap into the growing market. Plenty of ink has been spilled over these offerings from the venerable tech giants.
According to Joseph Kvedar, Founder and Director at the Center for Connected Health, Partners HealthCare, "Any analyst worth her salt has got to be predicting a break-out year for mHealth. The mHealth market is said to have been $1.95B in 2012, growing to $49B by 2020; the wearables market is predicted to be $12B by 2018, of which 60% will be health tracking."
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DISCLAIMER & RIGHTS: (PETER)
TERMS OF USE
REFERENCES: FDA MOBIQUITY GREAT CALL XEROX YOUTUBE GOOGLE IMAGES ITU HEALTHIT.GOV INTERACTIVE MISFIT
Copyright Š February, 2015 - University of Washington. All rights reserved. University of Washington Graduate School - School of Public Health Masters of Healthcare Informatics and Information Management Quarter: Winter, 2015 Course: HSMGMT 523B: Informatics in Healthcare Management Instructor: David Masuda Students: Nghia Le and Farah Samani ___________________________________________________________ All media, references, sources, and content in this magazine are copyrighted by their respective original owners (ie. artists, creators, authors, distributors, companies, networks, etc.)
and are placed here for listening, viewing, and learning. (Academic) purposes and noncommercial purpose use only.
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“THE FUTURE IS IN YOUR HANDS”