Interventions

Trials were organized according to the kind of nutrition intervention, dietary guidance, food supplement, and multimodal therapies are given to participants in the experimental arm.

According to the classifications provided by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, nutritional treatments were classified as food supplements, food modifications, food products, fortified food products, and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) (ESPEN).

The term "nutritional advise" was developed to encompass studies that offered participants dietary guidance from licensed dietitians/nutritionists or assistance from healthcare professionals, Medical research workers , or self-help resources.

Types of assessed nutrition interventions

Dietary advice

Food product

Food modification

Fortified food

Food supplement

Oral nutritional supplements

Specialized oral nutritional supplements