Life Expectancy Ward Analysis Ward Profile: Sutton New Hall Tackling Health Inequalities: Life Expectancy
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2
Date
May 2009
Status
Green
File location (public) Filename and path to locate this document
All maps produced with permission of Dotted Eyes & Ordance Survey Š Crown copyright 2008 licence number 100019918
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Introduction Life expectancy is one of the main indicators for health inequalities. It has been set as the overarching work stream for tackling health inequalities in Birmingham by the Health and Wellbeing Partnership (BHWP). This Ward Profile series aims to: •
Provide a detailed ward level picture of local health inequality context
•
Describe life expectancy trend in each target ward
•
Investigate into leading conditions that cause deaths locally to provide local focus for each target ward and
•
Suggest future area/ factors for extended research
This report is written by Birmingham Public Health Information Team, Suite 203, CIBA Building, 146, Hagley Road, Birmingham B16 9NX Author s
Jeanette Davis (Public Health Information Analyst) Chris Stephen (Public Health Information Analyst) Mohan Singh (Public Health Database Administrator/ Analyst) Iris Fermin (Head of Information and Intelligence)
Section Director
Jim McManus (Joint Director of Public Health)
Any further information
Telephone : 0121 465 2995 / 2999 Email : PHIT@benpct.nhs.uk
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Summary •
Electoral ward Sutton New Hall is in the boundary of NHS Birmingham East and North
•
Sutton New Hall accounted for 2.18% of Birmingham’s population in 2006
•
The largest percentage of the population are children and young people at 22.18%
•
Black and Minority Ethnicity (BME) group split (6.5%) is lower than national average (11.3%) overall but lower than Birmingham (32.7%). This group accounted for 0.14% of the total population of Birmingham in 2001.
•
Sutton New Hall is the 39th (out of 40) most deprived ward in Birmingham
•
The latest extraction of 2005/07 reflects that: o Life expectancy is at 81.1 for men, 84.6 for women in the year 2005/07 o Male life expectancy is higher than England. The gap between Sutton New Hall and England has reduced by 26% (1.2 years) from 95/97 to 05/07 but still in the wards favour. o Female life expectancy has increased by 1.3% and is higher than the England Average by 2.8 years. o Infant Mortality Rates has risen by 270% since 99/01, in comparison the rate for the most deprived wards has dropped o Circulatory diseases (30.62%), Cancers (31.39%) and Coronary Heart Diseases (13.86%) are the leading conditions that cause deaths in the ward.
•
Relatively, compared against Birmingham; for risk factors such as alcohol, obesity and smoking Hodge Hill presents as follows: o 5.6 percentage points more smoke o 4.4 percentage points are less obese o 0.1 percentage points binge drink less
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1
Local context: demographics and deprivation
This section describes population demographics and deprivation, and comparisons are made with Sutton Vesey, Birmingham and England to provide a local context for life expectancy inequalities.
1.1 Age and sex distribution The population of Sutton New Hall is estimated to be 22,048. This represents 2.18% of the population of Birmingham. There are (10,703) 48.5% male and (11,345) 51.5% female. These estimations are based on ONS Mid. Year (2006) Population By Age Group and Gender 2006 Estimates by Ward Source: Office of National Statistics
80+
402
232
75-79
400
497
70-74
408
500
455
65-69 60-64
Males Females
522
644
640
55-59
856
50-54
859
904 840
832
45-49 40-44
824 890
800 817
772
35-39
584
30-34
669 523
25-29 20-24
512 591
648
690
666
15-19
642
10-14
626
625
5-9 0-4
530 524
588
1000
800
600
400
200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Data source: ONS 2006 mid year population estimates
Figure 1.1 Population by age group and gender, Sutton New Hall 2006
Figure 1.1 illustrates: •
Children under school leaving age (i.e. age 0 - 19) represent 22.18% (4,891) of the Sutton New Hall population. Persons of retirement age (age 65+) account for 17.92% (3,952).
•
The age structure of the ward reflects that the under 19s age group is 0.05 percentage points higher than the Birmingham average. The 65+ age group however is 7.28 percentage points higher.
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1.2 Ethnicity Ethnicity has some influences in terms of what diseases an individual could develop through their life. With this in mind, analysis of the ethnicity of the local population becomes a requirement in order to target vulnerable health groups. Table 1.1 shows the ethnicity distribution in the Sutton New Hall population, compared with Birmingham and England. •
•
• • Table 1.1
The % column of table 1.1 represents the percentage of the total population that fit into that ethnic group. The N* column show the quantity of people in thousands that are from each group, for the ward, City and nationally. Just under a tenth (6.5%) of the population in Sutton New Hall is of non-white ethnicity i.e. Black and Minority Ethnicity (BME) Group. Within the BME group, Pakistanis represents 0.72%, Indian 2.25% and Black Caribbean 0.99%. The proportion of BME (6.5%) is below Birmingham (32.7%) and that of the average across England (11.3%). White ethnicity (93.5%) is higher that both national/local levels. Ethnicity groups for Sutton New Hall (2001), Birmingham (2006) and England (2006)
Ethnicity groups White Asian or Asian British Black or Black British Mixed Chinese or other Total
Sutton New Hall N* % 20.0 93.5 0.7 3.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.8 21.4 100
Birmingham N*
% 67.3 20.7 6.7 3.2 2.3 100
England % 88.7 5.5 2.8 1.6 1.4 100
667.0 207.9 67.0 31.8 22.9 1,106.5
N* 45,018.1 2,786.6 1,403.0 829.5 725.7 50,762.9
*population by thousand Data source: ONS population estimates by ethnic group mid 2006 for Birmingham / England. 2001 Census data for Ward
1.3 Deprivation According to Index of Multiple Deprivations (IMD) 2007 published by ONS, Sutton New Hall is the 39th most deprived electoral ward (out of 40) in Birmingham with an overall IMD score of 10.161. Figure 1.2 shows SOAs by IMD quintile, 2007. Most of the area covered by Sutton New Hall is in the least deprived SOAs in Birmingham. (ref: IMD map on following page) Ward Area 2
Area (km )
Population Density 2 (persons/km )
Population Density – Working 2 Age 16-64 (persons/km )
19.641
1125
785
1
Ward level IMD score is calculated based on IMD score 2007 for SOAs and population weighting from SOAs to Wards in Birmingham produced by Birmingham Strategic Partnership Information Sharing Group from the Birmingham City Council.
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Figure 1.2 Super Output Areas in Sutton New Hall by IMD quintile, 2007
1.4 Lifestyle Table 1.2 provides a summary of life style indicators in Sutton New Hall, in comparison with Birmingham and England. Data presented here are from the synthetic estimates of healthy life style behaviours from the NHS Information Centre. •
• •
Compared with Birmingham average, Sutton New Hall has a lower percentage of people who binge drink (0.1 percentage points) and are obese (4.4 percentage points) and additionally less smoke (5.6 percentage points) Compared with the national average, a smaller percentage of people living in Sutton New Hall eat healthily (2.7 percentage point lower). Table 1.2 shows that according to the risk factors healthy eating in Sutton New Hall present lower percentages. This would insinuate that the population do not have good nutrition. This requires further investigation since this is important for a healthy life.
Table 1.2
Key figures for life style Deprivation in Sutton New Hall, Birmingham and England Year Sutton New Hall Birmingham England Adults who smoke 2003/5 19.3% 24.9% 24.1% Binge drinking adults* 2003/ 2005 17.7% 17.8% 18.0% Healthy eating adults** 2003/ 2005 22.4% 25.1% 26.3% Obese adults*** 2003/ 2005 19% 23.4% 23.6% * ** ***
Binge drinking: men were defined as having indulged in binge drinking if they had consumed 8 or more units of alcohol on the heaviest drinking day in the previous seven days; for women the cut-off was 6 or more units of alcohol. Healthy eating: five or more portions of fruit and vegetables on the previous day Obese: BMI > 30
Data source: Physically active adults: Active People Survey, Sport England All other indicators: Synthetic estimates of healthy life styles, NHS Information Centre
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2
Life expectancy trend
This section gives an overview of life expectancy at birth in Sutton New Hall, in terms of trend and variations in different groups and communities. Figure 2.1 shows trend of male expectancy in Sutton New Hall from 1995/97 to 2005/07 on a 3-year basis, in comparison with Birmingham and England and shows evidence that male life expectancy has increased over the ten years since 1995. Indeed, since 2002/04 it has risen sharply.
Male Life Expectancy - 3 year rolling average, Sutton New Hall, Birmingham & England 82.0
Life Expectancy (Age)
80.0 78.0 76.0 74.0 72.0 70.0
/0 6
/0 7 20 05
20 04
/0 5 20 03
/0 4
/0 2
/0 3
20 02
20 01
20 00
/0 1 19 99
/9 9
/0 0 19 98
19 97
/9 8 19 96
19 95
/9 7
68.0
Calendar Year England M ales
Birmingham M ales
Sutton New Hall M ales
Data source: ONS
Figure 2.1 Male life expectancy for Sutton New Hall Birmingham and England, 1995/97 – 2005/07
Figure 2.2 shows trend of female expectancy from 1995/97 to 2005/07 on a 3year basis, in comparison with Birmingham and England and shows that by 2007 female life expectancy continues to increase, however the gap between England and the ward is closing with the national average catching the ward.
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Female Life Expectancy - 3 year rolling average, Sutton New Hall, Birmingham & England 86.0
Life Expectancy (Age)
85.0 84.0 83.0 82.0 81.0 80.0 79.0 78.0 77.0 76.0
/0 6
/0 5
/0 7 20 05
20 04
20 03
/0 4 20 02
/0 2
/0 3 20 01
20 00
/0 1 19 99
/9 9
/0 0 19 98
19 97
/9 8 19 96
19 95
/9 7
75.0
Calendar Year England Females
Birmingham Females
Sutton New Hall Females
Data source: ONS
Figure 2.2 Female life expectancy for Sutton New Hall Birmingham and England, 1995/97 – 2005/07
As illustrated in Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2, life expectancy for both males and females has increased over the period of time. Life expectancy in Sutton New Hall is higher than City and national average. The gap for both male/female life expectancy between Sutton New Hall and England has decreased. • •
• •
Male life expectancy has increased by 2.4% (1.91 years, from 79.2 years in 2000 to 81.1 years by 2007). The gap of male life expectancy between Sutton New Hall and England has shortened by 1.2 years from 4.6 years in 1997 to 3.4 years in 2007, which means a decrease of 26%. However, Sutton New Hall is still above England Female life expectancy has increased by 1.3% (1.1 years, from 83.5 years in 2000 to 84.6 years by 2007). The gap of female life expectancy between Sutton New Hall and England has reduced by 1 year from 3.8 years in 1997 to 2.8 years in 2007, but in the wards favour.
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2.1 Infant mortality In areas with high infant mortality rates, the life expectancy at birth is highly sensitive to the rate of death in the first few years of life. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is calculated as the number of newborns dying under one year of age in every 1,000 live births during the year, excluding still births. Figure 2.3 shows trends of IMR in Sutton New Hall, Birmingham, England and the most deprived quintile (i.e. 20%) Super Output Areas (SOAs) in Birmingham (based on Lower Super Output Area level IMD score 2007), from 1999 to 2007. Sutton New Hall - 3 year rolling average - 3 year rolling average 14.0 12.0
Rate per 1,000
10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 1999 / 01
2000 / 02
2001 / 03
2002 / 04
2003 / 05
2004 / 06
2005 / 07
Trend Years Birmingham M ost Deprived Quintile in Bham
England Sutton New Hall
Data source: Birmingham, West Midlands and England: National Centre for Health Outcomes Development Most deprived quintile in Birmingham: PHIT
Figure 2.3 Infant mortality rates per 1,000 births in Sutton New Hall Birmingham, England and the most deprived quintile in Birmingham, 1999-2007
As illustrated in Figure 2.3, in 05/07, the IMR is 1.2 per 1,000 births higher than England and has increased, whilst that in the most deprived quintile is about two folds higher than England. •
•
•
Prior to 2004/06 IMR was lower than national and local rates; however, 2004/06 saw a sharp increase in the rate; which is now higher than England but lower than the most deprived quintile / city. The gap between the most deprived quintile SOAs in Birmingham and Sutton New Hall has decreased from 9.9 per 1,000 below the most deprived quintile to 3.7 per 1,000 below. Showing an improvement in the most deprived quintile but a declining one in the ward. Additionally, whilst the IMR in England has steadily decreased, the IMR in the ward has risen despite its past excellent record and is now 1.2 per 1,000 births above the national level.
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3
Local focus
This section investigates into the leading causes of deaths locally.
3.1 Mortality rates on selected diseases Age-specific mortality rate is used to calculate life expectancy at birth. Disease specific standardised mortality rates are investigated into in this part in order to identify leading diseases that contribute to the overall mortality rates in Sutton New Hall. Table 3.1 shows directly standardized mortality rates for selected conditions during the period 2005-2007. Percentage of each disease’s rate out of the overall rate is also shown here. According to the figures, cancers, circulatory diseases, and coronary heart disease are the major killers. They make more than 75.87% of the overall DSR; this figure is lower than the city percentage by 4.23 percentage points but does fall with in the PCT levels of between 72% to 81.6%. Table 3.1
Directly Standardized Mortality Rates (DSRs) per 100,000 population for selected conditions, Sutton New Hall 2005-2007 % out of all causes rate*
DSR All Causes
464.80
All Cancers
145.92
31.39%
All Circulatory Diseases
142.31
30.62%
Coronary Heart Disease
64.43
13.86%
* Percentage of rate for the specific disease out of rate for all causes Data source: National Centre for Health Outcomes Development
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