Pick & Rocket | Issue 1 by PickAndRocket

Pick Rocket AUGUST 2018 | I SSUE no 1

SKYWALKER THE NIPPLE- LESS SPACE EXPLORER

PACKYOURBAGS YOU'REGOINGTOMARS NOW W HAT ?!

H EL P WA N T ED

YOUR FUT URE DREAM JOB MAY BE I N OUT ER SPACE

SPACE FORCE W HAT

WORLD' S TINIEST M USEUM WON'T EVEN BE ON EART H

H A S TR U M P D O N E N O W ?

Letter From The Ed it or

Welcome to Pick & Rocket (P&R) Magazine! It's difficult to express in words just how excited I am about the publication and this, the first issue. I believe P&R is truly a paradigm shift in magazine formats. In the spirit of Instagram ÂŽ we bring intriguing high-res imagery and match it up with Twitter ÂŽ -like nuggets of information. Most of our stories are under 500 words so readers can easily read everything in our entire magazine. We're also very social media centric; links are provided to all of the people and companies in our stories and articles. The goal of the magazine is to make the commercialization of space (off Earth) and the rapidly growing industries supporting it more consumable and relatable to the average person. Our readers don't need to be rocket scientists to understand and enjoy our stories and articles. We keep the complexities to a minimum without sacrificing the true nature of the subject.

2 JD CRUMP EDITOR Please email your Letter To The Editor to: jcrump@pickandrocket.com NOTE: By emailing your Letter To The Editor you are granting P&R the right to publish that letter.

At P&R we want our readers to think differently about space. It's no longer the exclusive domain of governments and so we want our readers to begin imagining themselves being a part of the vast, emerging, and (potentially) lucrative commercial space ecosystem. People of all ages and businesses of all sizes are welcome to figure out what part they will play in the commercial space market. Commercial space brings a whole new world of opportunities so I invite you to enjoy this issue while not limiting your imagination or passion as to how you'll be a part of space, our final next frontier. In this issue we look at what it takes to land a job in space, we explore the art of space and the steps being taken to elevate human creativity off Earth, we connect with a nipple-less dummy with two sub-orbital flights under its belt, we examine how we're growing veggies 253 miles above our (current) planet, and more! It's been amazingly fun putting this together for you and I hope you enjoy Pick & Rocket, Issue 1.

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OUTSIDE & IN FC

I'M AN ASTRONAUT, I SW EAR | MO DIARE Baltimore's Mo Diare is a musician and artist with a focus on illustration and graphic design. Photo Credit: Shannon Partrick

THE ART OF NASA

INTRODUCTION TO ASTEROIDS

THE INTERVAL: KENDRA CHAMBERLAIN

MANNEQUIN SKYWALKER

W E'RE PUTTING A MUSEUM W HERE?

( SPACE) FARM FRESH VEGGIES

THE ONE WAY TICKET TO MARS

INSERT YOUR LIFE HERE

THE LITTLE SPACESUIT THAT COULD

THE MANIFEST: LINKS TO W HO'S OUTSIDE & IN

17 18

SELFIES IN SPACE

SPACE FORCE

OPPORTUNITIES: PLEASE USE THE CONTACT US FORM ON OUR W EBSITE ( PICKANDROCKET.COM) IF YOU ' D LIKE TO CONTRIBUTE A STORY, SEE YOUR ART ON THE FRONT OR BACK COVER, OR WANT TO DISCUSS ADVERTISING IN THE MAGAZINE.

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Th e

Ar t

All im ag es cour tesy NASA/JPL-Caltech

of NASA

hen the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Labs (JPL) wanted "Visions of the Future" they went to the nine member team of visual strategists known as "The Studio." Dan Goods and David Delgado set out the creative strategy and the team of illustrators (Liz Barrios De La Torre, Stefan Bucher, Invisible Creature, Joby Harris, Jessie Kawata, Lois Kim , and Ron Miller) brought the visions to life. A total of 14 posters were created using a style inspired by 1930s Great Depression-era art. Following the Great Depression, the Federal Arts Program (FAP) was started to create jobs for suffering artists. The FAP produced more than 5,000 jobs resulting in more than 225,000 works of art, which helped lift spirits and provided much needed economic relief to the artists.

Want some of these amazing old school inspired NASA artworks? The files are free for the public to download and print. Get yours here!

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The Inter val COMMERCIAL SPACE NEW S

Space t ou r ism in ch es closer t o r ealit y w it h t w o r ecen t t est f ligh t s

by K endra R. Chamberlain Co- founder and Editor- in- Chief T he Enterprise Orbit

T he emerging commercial spaceflight industry is giving us glimpses of a future where space travel is the 21st century equivalent of a luxury cruise. L ast month, two important test flights brought that dream a few steps closer to reality.

Vir gin Galact ic su cceeds in it s m ost im por t an t t est f ligh t yet

Blu e Or igin?s 9t h t est f or New Sh epar d space t ou r ist veh icle

T wo pilots flew Virgin Galactic?s VSS Unity into the Mesosphere, reaching an altitude record of 170,800 ft above Earth?s surface, and achieving a top speed of Mach 2.4. T he flight was the third rocket- powered test for the spaceship in less than four months, but represented a major milestone for the company?s plans to offer tourists flights to space. W hile the Mesosphere is still part of Earth?s atmosphere, the flight gave pilots Dave Mackay and Mike ?Sooch? Masucci a glimpse of the black of space ? which Masucci described as a ?million dollar view?. Virgin Galactic has ramped up test flights in hopes of offering tickets for commercial flights by the end of 2018.

Blue Origin recently held a successful test of the crew capsule escape system of its reusable New Shepard rocket. T he flight, which included a live separation of the capsule shortly after its separation from the booster, is the latest in a series of tests demonstrating that passengers can get away from an anomaly at any time during the vehicle?s flight to the K arman line, 330,000 ft above Earth. T he booster successfully returned to the launch pad, while the capsule used parachutes to safely land the capsule back on solid ground, providing what the company called an ?exhilarating ride and safe landing? for its test dummy.

Space t ou r ism w ill be an im por t an t piece of t h e developm en t of LEO T he emergence of space tourism could prove to be a boon for the future commercial development of low Earth orbit (L EO). As the price of access to space continues to drop, space tourism will open up revenue- generating opportunities for launch vehicle companies. But despite the hype, 2019 seems to be the earliest possible opportunity for the first wave of tourists to take their flights, despite the optimism expressed by both Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic in the past to see their first passengers in space by the end of 2018.

W E'RE PUTTING A MUSEUM W HERE? (sp oiler : it 's t he Moon) With their hopes set on an early-2020 launch Mark Baskinger and the MoonArk team from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh wait patiently to put a 6 ounce museum inside the Lake of Death (Lacus Mortis) on the Moon.

2,159 m iles 1/4 the size of Earth

Image Credit: NASA/Thomas Campbell

MOONARK CONCEPT SKETCHES

Image Credit: Mark Baskinger

The MoonArk is "a gift of life 8 in ch es and hope to future humans" that also has sustainability in mind. The museum will arrive aboard a lunar lander, and like all other landers, once it gets to it's destination it serves little to no purpose. Turning the Astrobotic lander into the museum's home will give the lander meaning and purpose.

Image Credit: Designed by MoonArk team, Carnegie Mellon University, rendered by Zach Schwemler

by JD Crump

MOONARK MOON MUSEUM ETHER CHAMBER Contains the essences of the world?s waters, trees, and flowers, a mixture of metals, and a distillation of human bloods.

MOON CHAMBER Highlights our capacity to create with our hands diverse works like tiny, nano-scale objects to human-scale ones such as the lander where the museum sits.

META CHAMBER Represents how our human ability to communicate through spoken and visual languages has enabled our spread across Earth, into the oceans, and out to space.

EARTH CHAMBER Im age Credit

Images and elements that represent the natural context and environmental conditions on Earth that have given rise to humanity.

: Designed by Mo on Ark

team, Carne gie

Mellon Un ive rsit y, ren

dered by Zac h Sch weml er

Q&A W/ MARK BASKINGER, PROJECT CO-DIRECTOR P&R: We will be able to see the MoonArk once it's on the Moon?

P&R: That thing looks fragile. Did you make any extras, you know, just in case? MB: Identical twin MoonArks have been created; one for the Moon, and one to remain here on Earth to travel across the United States, in Europe, and Asia.

MB: It's something that is being discussed. If there is payload space to run a camera we might point a lens at the MoonArk but bandwidth is a challenge due to it's low availability and high cost.

P&R: Where is the "real" one?

P&R: Is a MarsArk planned for Mars? MB: Yes this is something we are working on in the background, but there are ethical questions to be asked. If we (humans) put things on Mars they become future fossils like the MoonArk. There's a conundrum we have this innate desire to go out further and further into the Solar System, but we are also disruptive in ways that we are aware of and aren't fully knowledgeable about yet.

MB: The only place the public can see the (Moon bound) MoonArk is by visiting the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh; the twin MoonArk is used in academic and scientific presentations around the world. (Top) Image Credit: Moon Chamber internal assembly with view of Moon Museum Disk, photo by Dylan Vitone (Left) Image Credit: Moon Chamber, photo by Dylan Vitone (Right) Image Credit: Moon Chamber with view of Moon Museum Disk, photo by Dylan Vitone

STORYLINE | SEAT 25

It is five years after NASA found liquid water on the surface of Mars. The Martian atmosphere has changed. All contact has been lost with the planet. On Earth, entrepreneur Michael Macmillan is preparing the first crewed mission to the Red Planet, with a seat reserved for an ordinary person willing to do something extraordinary. When Faye Banks secretly enters the Seat 25 competition, she never expects to win. But when the dangerous one-way trip becomes a reality, her life on Earth is turned upside down. With time running out, Faye must decide whether to leave her husband, family and friends, or has the prospect of leaving for ever made her realize what she has here on Earth? Seat 25 will be available November 6th on DVD and Blu Ray as well as on-line (Amazon, Google Play and iTunes).

NICHOLAS AGNEW SEAT 25 DIRECTOR, W RITER & PRODUCER

MADELEINE COOKE SEAT 25 W RITER, PRODUCER & LEAD ACTRESS

(Below) Faye (Madeleine Cooke) Flossie (Florence Agnew) and Peter (Stephen Lloyd) go to space. Top and Bottom Image Credit: Lagom Pictures

I hopeyoung peoplewill look at thefilmand go'yeah, you know what, that kind of thing's for me' without overwhelming them with the science.

Wou ld YOU accept a t icket t o M ar s? Yes, I would like to go to Mars but I'd like to come back. I'm not sure a one way trip would be for me. Yes, the same. I really want to go into space and experience that but I don't think on a one way trip. I'd miss too much. How 'd you sh oot M ar s? We found a location down in Devon, towards the (Braunton) Burrows. One of the biggest sand dunes in the country (United Kingdom). It was the only place we could get away with shooting something like Mars. Faye's dr ab sit u at ion in f lu en ces h er decision . Does t h e decision dif f er f or a h appy per son w it h a f u ll lif e? It's a difficult balance because if someone's life is too good then it begs to question why would they want to apply for a one way mission?

JOE KAUFMAN SEAT 25 DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY / VISUAL EFFECTS

Her life is drab but also with the colors that we use, the beautiful scenery at points we didn't want to make her life too drab. She has Peter next door, the neighbor, and his lovely daughter. So there are possibilities for her life. If she was to stay she has this beautiful Earth she can live on, she could have had a life with Peter.

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Selfies from sp ace

Okay, so you've dropped down anywhere from $250 g's to $2 million of your cold. hard. cash. to ride in a rocketship to the Moon and back. Obviously, you gotta be able to text yur honey & post some selfies on IG but just how you do that is a bit more complicated than just having more than a 1% charge and 3 bars. Daniel Carey, Director of Marketing at ATLAS Space Operations says there's not an app for that just yet but their deep space communications network is meeting the demand for what's important today - getting data to and from satellites. Carey says that in order to keep your followers and bae happy it's probably going to require a move from the current wireless (radio frequency) to optical so those texts and pics can phone home at the speed of light.

17 Image Credit: ATLAS Space Operations

by JD Crump

Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls

n June 18, 2018 President Trump called for the creation of a "space force" while speaking at a National Space Council meeting at the White House. This sixth branch of the military is being asked for to ensure America's superiority in space. Representative (R-OK 1st District) James Bridenstine, chief administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) said, "This president has been very aggressive in trying to reestablish America as the preeminent nation in space." However, as seen in the video the Internet was quick to express its mockery of President Trump and downplay the action including Trump's belief that "it is not enough to merely have an American presence in

space. We must have American dominance in space." The Internet wasn't alone, there are others with concerns. Former Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James opposes the new independent branch for fear it won't be large enough to wield the significant influence needed to secure the budget required to get the job done and will therefore have a negative impact on the development of military space operations. She'd prefer the space force be a part of a unified combatant command. However, according to Bridenstine, President Trump "doesn't want a corps, he wants a force. He talks about it as being a separate force, equal in stature to the Air Force."

The space force's mission is not limited to setting up, training, and equipping personnel in space-related security; it might spearhead missions to Mars and other planets. In his speech Trump also said, "My administration is reclaiming America's heritage as the world's greatest space-faring nation," he went on. "The essence of the American character is to explore new horizons and to tame new frontiers. But our destiny, beyond the Earth, is not only a matter of national identity, but a matter of national security." For many, the threats to US national security are just figments of Trump's imagination but if China's actions in 2007 represent adversary's capabilities the call for a space force may seem prudent and perhaps even overdue. In January 2007, China launched a missile with a warhead that destroyed their own small, four-foot by four-foot weather satellite orbiting 530 miles above Earth. The blast created a debris cloud of more than 900 fragments that extended from under 125 miles (200 kilometers) to more than 2,292 miles (3,850 kilometers) above Earth. "Space has become congested, contested and in some cases hostile. And it has become very dangerous," said Bridenstine.

In addition to the directive given to the Department of Defense and Pentagon to create a space force, the president also signed a directive to establish capabilities to oversee and track the growing number of satellites circling Earth and the more than 500,000 pieces of space junk and debris threatening to damage spacecraft. Bridenstine is not just worried about satellite-killing missiles and space junk; he's thinking about the growing sophistication of threats as well. "When you think about jamming and dazzling - dazzling is using laser energy to try to confuse or make our satellites not be able to see or hear jamming, dazzling, spoofing, hacking. All of these things are affecting space in ways that make it very dangerous," he said. NASA, however, as America's civil space agency, has no role in in securing space. And yet, Bridenstine's concerns are valid since we are all reliant on a safe, secure and stable space for navigation, communications, food and energy production, and even money transfers. Any nation Establishing a space force is going to take cooperation and authorization from Congress. Building new capabilities to manage and monitor space junk pollution will require creativity and innovation. Both initiatives will require time, money and some really smart people.

Escape to the Unknown/Medhavi Thakur 23rd_assortment

A V ERY BRIEF

INT RODUCT ION TO AST EROIDS - - A s m al l bod y in or bit ar ou nd t h e s u n 22

-- formed by small pieces of rock and metal that stick together but they don't continue to grow into planets because as they speed around the asteroid belt they bump into each other and break off pieces. -- carbonaceous (made of carbon compounds). Carbon is a chemical element like hydrogen, oxygen & lead.

classes of asteroids with most falling into three main types

C S M

-- stony

S-class asteroid Ida photographed by Galileo Orbiter August 28, 1993. Image Credit: NASA

-- metal

M-class asteroid Psyche photographed by NEAR Shoemaker September 10, 2000. Image Credit: NASA

AST EROID T YP ES FOR SP ACE M INING Ty p e

R e s o ur c e s

(Modified) Table Credit: Philip Metzger

P ur p o s e

water, metal, & organic compounds

used to create rocket propellants for off Earth missions, metals used for 3D printing of hardware to use in space, carbon dioxide for plants, or methane fuel

platinum group metals

transport back to Earth to sell and use on Earth

various metals

for manufacturing large hardware items in space for colonization or larger missions and/or for sale on Earth

Ryu g u NAME TRANSLATION: DRAGON PALACE C- TYPE ASTEROID ESTIMATED VALUE: US$95 BILLION WIDTH: 0.6 MILEs (1 KILOMETER) DECEMBER 3, 2014: Japan Aer ospace Expl or at ion Agency (JAXA) LAUNCHES Hayabusa2 ON A SAMPLING MISSION JUNE 27, 2018: Hayabusa2 aRRIVED RYUGU 18 MONTHS: SAMPLING PERIOD DECEMBER 2020: RETURN TO EARTH

"Type C is pr obably t he bes t all- ar ound as t er oid f or mining in t he ear ly s t ages of s pac e ind us t r y bec aus e it pr ovid es lot s of wat er f or r oc ket f uel, whic h c an be s old t o NASA or ot her s t o d o var ious s pac e mis s ions ." Dr. Philip Met zger , p hys ic is t / planet ar y s c ient is t

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Skyw alker S P A C E T H E N IP P LE -LE S S

E X P LOR E R Mannequin Skywalker is Blue Origin's space dummy with two sub-orbital flights under its belt. Skywalker is a customized version of the same dummies used by auto manufacturers, insurance companies & consumer reports magazines.

Blu e Or igin [blu or -i-jin ] noun 1. a com pan y developin g t ech n ologies t o en able pr ivat e h u m an access t o space.

Skywalker's been outfitted with an array of accelerometers, shock, g-force, temperature, and biometric loading sensors to measure the impact of flight on its body. The telemetry data is recorded in real-time and analyzed after flights to help ensure future commercial space customers are safe and comfortable. When it comes to customizations, nipples aren't the only part of human anatomy that's missing. There are no ears or, well, you know. Blue Origin allows Skywalker to maintain a Twitter account and the tweets are interesting and full of personality, which has caused concern for some at the company. Apparently personifying Skywalker makes them nervous, which is a shame because it's the lively anonymous human churning out 280-character space-related chirps that adds to the space explorer 's appeal. If you're on Twitter be sure to catch Skywalker's live tweets during the next Blue Origin flight.

Space- far m

f r esh veggies by madison crump

Image Credits: NASA

A W HOLE FOODS IN SPACE? Okay, maybe that?s not going to happen anytime soon but the National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) is growing veggies at the I nternational Space Station (I SS) because as the number of space missions increase the astronauts will need a more reliable food source. Researchers Gioia D. Massa, Ph.D. and Howard G. L evine, Ph.D. from the NASA K ennedy Space Center are performing studies to better understand how vegetables respond to being grown in microgravity the weak gravity found while orbiting Earth as well as what the methods and equipment needed to grow them.

HOW ARE THEY ABLE TO GROW THE VEGGIES? T he current study is called Veg- 03 and so as you can probably guess by its name it?s not the first. I n the previous study, Veg- 01, scientists used plant pillows, which are a sort of self- contained, single- use packet that includes the soil and the plant. T he pillows are designed to help prevent microbial bacteria or virus that can only be seen under a microscope contamination in the plant and the veggie facility where they are grown. W hat's amazing is they are able to do this despite being more than 250 miles above Earth and plowing along at 17,150 miles per hour (that?s 5 miles per second!)

W HAT KINDS OF VEGETABLES ARE BEING GROW N? I n the Veg- 01 study they grew ?outredgeous? red

romaine lettuce but now with the Veg- 03 study they are growing Tokyo bekana cabbage, red romaine lettuce and mizuna mustard as test crops.

BUT, W HY LETTUCE? So, why did NASA choose to grow lettuce instead of more nutritional vegetables? Since the I SS is a confined area, astronauts must be extremely clean to keep everyone healthy and safe. W hen lettuce was tested the samples indicated low microbial levels without specific pathogens a bacteria or virus that can cause disease. T his meant that the crew should be able to eat the fresh produce without precautionary sanitizing.

ARE ASTRONAUTS EATING THE PRODUCE? W hen ready to harvest, the crew uses the cut- and- come- again technique, which includes a series of three harvests and a final harvest. T he first and third harvests are mainly for the crew consumption. T he second and final harvests are frozen and stored for scientific studies.

W HAT?S NEXT? T here are no final results from the Veg- 03 study yet but from the data collected it seems quite plausible there could be small, beautiful and edible gardens awaiting future space adventurers. Madison Crump holds a B.S. in Biological Sciences (Conservation and Ecology) from Arizona State University. She currently resides in southern California and looks forward to pursuing her master's degree.

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INSERT YOUR LIFE HERE

by David F. Wassell, PhD Association of Spaceflight Professionals

Image Credit: Project PoSSUM

here are two commercial suborbital launch providers, two commercial orbital launch providers, and two commercial space station providers with the technical and financial wherewithal to be operational within the next four years in the United States alone. If even half of these companies have some success, the supply of government trained astronauts (and cosmonauts) will be quickly exhausted, opening the door for commercial alternatives. Training can be expensive and there are currently no formal standards or certification systems in place for commercial astronauts. Specialized training (e.g. space, SCUBA, skydiving, extreme environment) can run many thousands of dollars. Education that includes science, technology, engineering or mathematics (STEM) are essential.

Future hopefuls should have a reasonable level of fitness, a basic understanding of the space environment and its hazards , and an ability to function in microgravity. Risks associated with commercial astronautics range from the obvious physical risks associated with space travel (about 3% of astronauts and cosmonauts lost their lives during in-flight accidents) to the financial risk of training for an occupation that currently largely exists in theory and has uncertain requirements. That being said, ?Commercial Astronaut? as an occupation is a near term reality and the training is exciting and interesting in its own right. The PoSSUM Space Academy offers hands-on and immersive programs designed for high-school and undergraduate students interested in upper-atmospheric research, bioastronautics, science communication, and manned spaceflight operations.

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OLD SKOOL STUFF THE LITTLE SPACESUIT THAT COULD

I f you wer e t o j ump i nt o t he wayyyyy back t i me machi ne and set t he di al t o Dest i nat i on: I nt er nat i onal Space St at i on, Febr uar y 2, 2006 you' d f i nd your sel f i n t he mi dst of a r at her uni que space sust ai nabi l i t y pr oj ect bor n f r om t he mi nds of t he r esi dent Russi an cosmonaut s. As t he noob on- boar d t he I SS you' ve beemed up t he day bef or e Sui t Sat was l aunched i nt o t he dar k vacuum of space. Back t hen t he r esi dent s of t he I SS wer e f eel i ng a l i t t l e cr amped because t her e wer e a bunch of ol d Or l an spacesui t s t aki ng up space and col l ect i ng dust . So, si nce t he near est Buf f al o Exchange ( or Russi an equi val ent ) wasn' t conveni ent l y l ocat ed t o r e- sel l t he used i t ems f or some ext r a Rubl es i t onl y made sense t o t ur n one of t hem i nt o a sat el l i t e. CANADA

USA

SPAIN

The pr oper t er m i s an Or bi t i ng Sat el l i t e Car r yi ng Amat eur Radi o ( OSCAR) sat el l i t e, whi ch accor di ng t o Wi ki pedi a i s " an ar t i f i ci al sat el l i t e bui l t and used by amat eur r adi o oper at or s f or use i n t he Amat eur - sat el l i t e ser vi ce" . A t eam l ed by Ser gey Sambur ov out f i t t ed t he Sui t Sat and t hen i t was put i nt o or bi t dur i ng a spacewal k wi t h ast r onaut s Val er i Tokar ev and Bi l l McAr t hur . Amat eur r adi o oper at or s f r om ar ound t he wor l d t ur ned t hei r ant ennae t owar d t he sky i n hopes of cat chi ng t he di st ant br oadcast si gnal s t o hear No one inside " Thi s i s Sui t Sat - 1, RS0RS. "

INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION

BELGIUM

NETHERLANDS

ROMANIA

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THE M ANIFEST

C O N N E C T W IT H T H E P E O P L E IN T H IS IS S U E

Association of Spaceflight Professionals ATLASSpace Operations Bill McArthur Blue Origin Carnegie Museum of Natural History Dan Goods Daniel Carey Dave Mackay David Delgado David F. Wassell, PhD Deborah Lee James Dylan Vitone Gioia D. Massa, Ph.D. Howard G. Levine, Ph.D. Invisible Creature Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Jessie Kawata Jim Bridenstine Joby Harris Joe Kaufman Kendra Chamberlain Liz Barrios De La Torre Lois Kim

Madeleine Cooke Madison Crump Mannequin Skywalker Mark Baskinger Mike "Sooch" Masucci Mo Diare MoonArts/ MoonArk NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Nicholas Agnew 37 Philip Metzger, PhD President Donald Trump Project Possum Ron Miller Seat 25 Sergey Samburov Shannon Partrick Stefan Bucher Stephen Lloyd The Enterprise Orbit Valeri Tokarev Virgin Galactic

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