Pipelife Soluforce NL by Pipelife International

LASTIC PIP ES

M S

RE P U S S RE

FLEX IBLE THINKING

Transportable

SOLUFORCE® BENEFITS Soluforce® RTP (Reinforced Plastic Pipe) has been manufactured and used extensively since the year 2000. It is estimated that over a thousand kilometers worldwide is currently in operation. The concept of a completely non corrosive pipe system for high pressure hydrocarbon applications came about through the demand from oil companies who proactively participated in the development and qualification of RTP. In 1998 a JIP (Joint Industrial Project) which brought together manufacturers, users (such as Saudi Aramco, Petrobras, Shell, BP) and testing institutes was created. Out of the JIP was developed an API standard (API RP 15S) for RTP in 2006. Soluforce® RTP is a complete non metallic piping system. It is qualified for Water, Hydrocarbons and Gas applications. Manufactured by Pipelife in Enkhuizen, The Netherlands, Soluforce® RTP is supplied on disposable wooden reels which may be easily transported by either road or ship. Soluforce® RTP comes with a complete fitting system for its pipes. It provides welding equipment and certified welders for installation wherever the customer requires. Soluforce® is a business unit within the Pipelife International group of companies and benefits from belonging to one of the world’s largest plastic pipe manufacturers.

Robust

SILOAM SPRINGS

Pipelife International G.m.b.H. is a global player in the manufacture of plastic pipe systems with offices and production facilities in over 25 countries.

SUMMARY Benefits Water Hydrocarbons Gas Fittings Connection System

HAPARANDA II

Pages 4 - 7 Pages 8-11 Pages 12-15 Pages 16-19 Pages 20-23 Pages 24-31

Welding (Page 31)

UTAJÄRVI KAAVI

Offshore

SURNADAL

Pages 32-35

STATHELL TALLINN

LJUNG

ÖLSREMMA

ENKHUIZEN

GDANSK

ZHUKOV

BAD ZWISHENAHN

CORK

KALMTHOUT

RADOM OTROKOVICE

GAILLON

VIENNA

DEBRECEN

CHÂTEAUROUX KARLOVAC

MIERCUREA CIUC

ZARAGOZA

ISTAMBUL THIVA

Deployment

SOLUFORCE速 BENEFITS

Solves corrosion problems

Very fast Installation

Maintenance Free

Design life up to 50 years

Soluforce速 RTP deployed (floating) during an offshore installation.

SOLUFORCE速 BENEFITS

No Scaling - No erosion

Re-Usable

400 meters length per coil

Very robust

Soluforce速 RTP installed in the desert

SOLUFORCE® standards, testing AND qualificationS Standards Soluforce® complies with the following standards: Oilfield service: API RP 15S

“Qualification of Spoolable Reinforced Plastic Linepipe” (Soluforce® Light, and Soluforce® Classic pipe system)

API 17J

“ Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe” (Soluforce® Heavy, pipe body)

Gas distribution and transport: ISO TS 18226 “Reinforced Thermoplastic Piping Systems for Gaseous Fuels” (Soluforce® Light and Soluforce® Classic, gas transport & distribution) DVGW VP 642 “Faserverstärkte PE-Rohre (RTP) und zugehörige Verbinder für Gasleitungen mit Betreibsdrücken über 16 Bar” (German Standard for gas distribution and transport, Soluforce® Light and Soluforce® Classic) Soluforce® has a proven track record in the oil and gas industry, and has been used since 2000 for different applications, including oil and gas linepipe, water injection pipe, water transportation, and gas distribution and transport. Soluforce® maintains the highest quality levels with regard to the design, manufacturing and testing of their products, according to, or exceeding the requirements in international standards. Qualification and Certification The design, testing and qualification of Soluforce® is verified according to the applicable standards by ISO accredited independent institutes. For oilfield applications: “Det Norske Veritas” (DNV). For gas distribution and transport: RWTÜV. QA/QC System Soluforce® is developed, manufactured and marketed under ISO9001 QA/QC system, approved by KIWA.

SOLUFORCE® DESIGN AND Reliability The reliability of Soluforce® is guaranteed by extensive laboratory testing and long term field experience. To assess the long-term strength, Soluforce® is pressure tested for a period of 10,000 hours (more than one year), according to internationally accepted standards. One of the most important test criteria is that the fitting system should be stronger than the pipe itself. Next to corrosion, third party interference is the major cause of pipeline failure. Soluforce® Light and Classic, being completely non-metallic, including the fitting system, offer the ultimate in absolute corrosion resistance. The resistance to third party interference, earth quakes and landslides has been verified in the laboratory by falling weight impact testing, axial load and bending testing under supervision of major oil companies. In-field impact testing with digging machines has shown equal or better performance than steel pipe. Soluforce® is field-proven since 2000, when the first flowlines were installed in the Middle East desert. These pipes have been in service since without any interruption. Meanwhile Soluforce® has been installed worldwide onshore and offshore at major oil and gas companies. No failure in service has been reported.

Axial force test.

Elevated temperature testing in a hot water bath.

Test preparation

Bending test Squeeze test 7

SOLUFORCE速 WATER

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS FOR WATER

SOLUFORCE® WATER

Soluforce® LIGHT : L450 - L540 A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for lower pressure applications. - Effluent water - Water supply

Soluforce® CLASSIC : M480 - M570 An synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for medium pressure applications. - Effluent water - Saline water - Water injection

Soluforce® HEAVY : H415 - H515 A high strength steel wire reinforcement for high pressure water applications. - High pressure water injection

Soluforce® Classic and Light are resistant to ALL chemicals involved in water injection, also in extremely sour environments, including: • (strong) inorganic acids like HCl, H2SO4 • (strong) alkaline materials, including NaOH, KOH, and NH3 solutions • CO2 in any concentration/pressure • H2S in any concentration/pressure • Anti-corrosion additives • Mineral salts • Hydrocarbons of any composition

SOLUFORCE® WATER DATA SHEET Soluforce® WATER Data Sheet Soluforce® type

L450

L540

M480

M570

H415

H515

Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

Dimensions

Weight in air

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

<10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

Technical Details Liner material

HDPE, black, type PE100

Cover material

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement

Aramid Fibre

High strength steel wire cord

Ratings Design pressure as per API RP 15S Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), LCL 20 years (API RP 15S)

45 Bar / 644 psi

36 Bar / 522 psi

Design pressure, FAT (API 17J) Short term bursting pressure (STHB) Maximum continuous operating pressure (20 yrs)

111 Bar / 1610 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

N/A

N/A 195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

> 144 Bar / 2088 psi

> 115 Bar / 1670 psi

>360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi

> 450 Bar / 6525 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

36 Bar / 522 psi

29 Bar / 421 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

72 Bar / 1044 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

Operating temperatures Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 °C / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

Above freezing point of fluid

Design and Construction Parameters Flow Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Design lifetime Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius In storage

1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service

3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

49 Bar / 711 psi

40 Bar / 421 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

Packaging Length per coil

400 m / 1312 ´

220 m / 721´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil

2200 kg / 4846 Lbs

2720 kg / 5991 Lbs

2240 kg / 4933 Lbs

2760 kg / 6079 Lbs

410 x 420 x 146 cm 1940 kg / 4273 Lbs

2380 kg / 5242 Lbs

SOLUFORCE® WATER Soluforce® LIGHT : L450 - L540 With a maximum operating pressure of 36 Bar and 29 Bar for the (4” and 6” pipe resp.), LIGHT provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium pressure water transport. As it is fully non-metallic it serves any sour application, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content. Soluforce® CLASSIC : M480 - M570 Available with a maximum operating pressure of 90 Bar and 72 Bar (4” and 6” resp.), CLASSIC serves a very wide range of applications due to its unique combination of properties. Being fully non-metallic it is the ideal solution for even the toughest high pressure application such as sour service, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content. Temperature uprating factors and maximum pressure rating Temp [°C]

Uprating Factor

M480 [bar]*

M570 [bar]*

1,54

137

109

1,45

129

103

1,34

120

1,24

111

1,14

102

1,1

1,05

0,95

0,86

*water service

Soluforce® HEAVY : H415 - H515 For very high operating pressures up to 150 Bar a steel wire reinforced pipe is available (both 4” and 6”). This pipe is specially developed for very high pressure (saline) water injection. It is resistant to (strong) inorganic acids like HCl, H2SO4 and (strong) alkaline materials, including NaOH, KOH, and NH3 solutions. As this pipe is steel wire reinforced the pipe has some limitations for sour H2S applications according to NACE MR0175 / ISO15156. The CO2 content in the fluid may be very high. 11

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS FOR HYDROCARBONS

Lekhwair, Oman sour oil service 7200 m - Pressure 735 psi - Temperature 120 F° Installed in August 2000 12

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce® LIGHT : L450 - L540 A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for lower pressure applications.

Soluforce® CLASSIC : M480 - M570 A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for medium pressure applications.

Soluforce® CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement with a low gas permeation grade liner for medium pressure applications.

Soluforce® HEAVY : H415 PVDF - H515 PVDF A PVDF pipe for very high temperatures is under design. Please consult Soluforce® for further details.

New

Soluforce® RTP oil hook up line

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS data sheet Soluforce® HYDROCARBONS Data Sheet Soluforce® type

L450

L540

M480

M570

M480 HPG M570 HPG

Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

Dimensions

Weight in air

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

<10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

HDPE, black, type PE100

HDPE, low permeation grade

Technical Details Liner material Cover material

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement

Aramid Fibre

Ratings Design pressure as per API RP 15S Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), LCL 20 years (API RP 15S)

45 Bar / 644 psi

36 Bar / 522 psi

111 Bar / 1610 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

111 Bar / 1610 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

> 144 Bar / 2088 psi

> 115 Bar / 1670 psi

>360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi

>360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi

Maximum continuous operating pressure (20 yrs)

26 Bar / 377 psi

21 Bar / 305 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi

Maximum partial gas pressure @ 65 °C / 150 °F

26 Bar / 377 psi

21 Bar / 305 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

Short term bursting pressure (STHB)

Operating temperatures Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 °C / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

-40 °C / -40 °F

Design and Construction Parameters Flow Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Design lifetime Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius In storage

1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service

3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

49 Bar / 711 psi

40 Bar / 421 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

Packaging Length per coil

400 m / 1312 ´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil

2200 kg / 4846 Lbs

2720 kg / 5991 Lbs

2240 kg / 4933 Lbs

2760 kg / 6079 Lbs

2240 kg / 4933 Lbs

2760 kg / 6079 Lbs

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce® LIGHT : L450 - L540 With a maximum operating pressure of 26 Bar and 21 Bar (4” and 6” pipe resp.), Soluforce® LIGHT provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium pressure oil transport. For example beam pump flow lines are a typical application for this pipe. As this pipe concept is fully non-metallic it can serve any sour application, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content.

Soluforce® CLASSIC : M480 - M570 Soluforce® CLASSIC is available with a maximum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4” and 6” resp.). Being fully non-metallic, it is the ideal solution for even the toughest applications such as sour oil service without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content. Applications such as beam pump flow lines or ESP (submerged pumps) flow lines are areas where this pipe will prove its benefits.

Soluforce® CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG For high pressure applications with a high associated gas content CLASSIC HPG was developed. This pipe has a special low gas permeation inner liner. Beam pump or ESP flow lines for oil transport with a high GOR (gas to oil ratio) will benefit from the ease of use, even with very high H2S and CO2 contents. It is available with a maximum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4” and 6” resp.) for high GOR applications.

SOLUFORCE速 GAS

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS FOR GAS

SOLUFORCE速 GAS

Soluforce速 LIGHT : L450 - L540 A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for medium pressure applications.

Soluforce速 CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for high pressure applications.

Soluforce速 HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA A high strength steel wire reinforcement with polyamide inner lining for very high pressure gas applications.

New

SOLUFORCE® GAS DATA SHEET Soluforce® GAS Data Sheet Soluforce® type

L450

L540

M480 HPG M570 HPG H415 PA

H515 PA

Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

100 mm / 4’’

150 mm / 6’’

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

125 mm / 5’’

150 mm / 6’’

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

100 mm / 4’’

125 mm / 5’’

Dimensions

Weight in air

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

< 10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

Technical Details Liner material

HDPE, black, type PE100

Cover material

HDPE, low permeation grade

API grade Polyamide

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement Weight in air

Aramid Fibre

High strength steel wire cord

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

<10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

Ratings Design pressure as per API RP 15S Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), LCL 20 years (API RP 15S)

45 Bar / 644 psi

36 Bar / 522 psi

Design pressure, FAT (API 17J) Short term bursting pressure (STHB) Maximum continuous operating pressure (20 yrs)

111 Bar / 1610 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

N/A

N/A 195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

> 144 Bar / 2088 psi

> 115 Bar / 1670 psi

>360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bars / 3915 psi

> 450 Bar / 6525 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

26 Bar / 377 psi

21 Bar / 305 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

Operating temperatures Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 °C / 150 °F (85 °C / 185 °F, dry fluid)

65 °C / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

-40 °C / -40 °F

Design and Construction Parameters Flow Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Design lifetime Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius In storage

1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service

3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

49 Bar / 711 psi

40 Bar / 421 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

Packaging Length per coil

400 m / 1312 ´

220 m / 721´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil

2200 kg / 4846 Lbs

2720 kg / 5991 Lbs

2240 kg / 4933 Lbs

2760 kg / 6079 Lbs

410 x 420 x 146 cm 1940 kg / 4273 Lbs

2380 kg / 5242 Lbs

SOLUFORCE® GAS

Soluforce® LIGHT : L450 - L540 With a maximum operating pressure of 26 Bar and 21 Bar (4” and 6” resp.), Soluforce® LIGHT provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium pressure gas transport. As this pipe concept is fully non-metallic it can serve any sour applications, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content.

Soluforce® CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG Available with a maximum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4” and 6” resp.), Soluforce® CLASSIC serves a very wide range of applications due to its unique combination of properties. The special low gas permeation inner liner ensures a safe operation. Being fully non-metallic pipe, this is the ideal solution for even the toughest applications such as sour gas service, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2 content.

Soluforce® HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA For very high operating pressures up to 150 Bar a steel wire reinforced pipe is available (both 4” and 6”) with a special polyamide inner liner. This pipe is specially developed for high pressure gas applications. As this pipe is steel wire reinforced the pipe has some limitations for sour H2S applications according to NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156, although the CO2 to content in the gas may be very high.

SOLUFORCE速 FITTINGS

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS FITTINGS

SOLUFORCE® Pipe to pipe couplings Soluforce® in line coupling

• Soluforce® in line coupling

• Soluforce® in line coupling with white anti UV protective sleeve.

Soluforce® Pipe to Pipe connector «P2P»

• Soluforce® Pipe to Pipe connector in stainless steel 316

• Pipe to pipe connector with GRE/Plastic parts connect to Soluforce® pipe.

SOLUFORCE® END-FITTINGS

• Soluforce® end fitting with white anti UV protective sleeve for hook up to existing flowlines in other materials. The flange is ANSI 600#.

• Soluforce® end fitting in stainless steel 316 with GRE/plastic connection to the pipe.

• Soluforce® end fitting in nylon coated ductile iron with nylon insert. No fluid to metal contact.

• Soluforce® weld stub

SOLUFORCE® SWAGED FITTINGS Swaged fittings are mostly used in combination with Soluforce® HEAVY at 150 Bars operating pressure

• Soluforce® swaged fitting in stainless steel

• Soluforce® swaged fitting

• The swaging machine.

• Soluforce® can rent out swaging machines and provide swaging connection services upon request.

SOLUFORCE速 CONNECTION SYSTEM

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS CONNECTION SYSTEM

Soluforce速 welding kit

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM

1.1 Introduction To connect Soluforce® pipes and hook-up the Soluforce® pipeline to existing pipe work, PipeLife manufactures two special patented couplers: end-fitting and in-line coupler. Both couplers are based on the electrofusion principle. Pipelife provides just one type of coupler and end-fitting for each nominal pipe diameter. The couplers are stronger than the highest available pipe rating, and therefore do not need any special engineering attention.

Photo 1A: Soluforce® in-line coupler

Photo 1B: Soluforce® Pipe to pipe connector is an alternative to the in-line coupler. It can be factory fitted upon request.

1.2 Soluforce® pipe to pipe connection concept To connect two Soluforce® pipes the Soluforce® in-line coupler is used. The inline connection technique is a 2 step process consisting of: a) butt-weld of the liner pipe for a 100% leak free connection; b) electrofusion of the centrally placed in-line coupler for strengthening the connection. After welding the pipe-ends form a fully integrated plastic connection. The Soluforce® electrofusion in-line coupler basically consists of a GRE-reinforced plastic sleeve, with an integrated copper heating-coil (photo 1). Photo 2 shows the pipe to pipe connection after welding.

Photo 2

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM 1.3 Soluforce® pipe to pipe connection in 8 steps The complete process is computer controlled with no possible human error. The computer controls all aspects of non destructive testing NDT.

1- Reading the coupler data Running the “bar code reader” over the barcode of the in-line coupler will identify the coupling and initiate the welding procedure (photo 3). After the in-line coupler condition is tested by the CNC-unit the preparations can start. Photo 3: Reading the barcode with the «bar code reader»

2- Scraping the pipe surface The pipe-end cover layers are scraped to get a fresh PE-surface to weld the in-line coupler electrofusion sleeve (photo 4).

Photo 4: Scraping the pipe cover layer

3- Loading pipe into the welding frame The in-line electrofusion sleeve is cleaned and slid over one pipe-end. The pipe-end with the in-line coupler and the second pipe-end are loaded into the welding frame (photo 5).

Photo 5: Pipe-ends loaded in fusion frame

4- Trimming the pipe ends By means of one of the trimming tools both pipe-end faces are trimmed resulting in a small length of free liner pipe necessary for butt-welding (photo 6).

Photo 6: Trimming the pipe-ends

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM 1.3 Soluforce® pipe to pipe connection in 8 steps The complete process is computer controlled with no possible human error.

5- Butt-welding the liners After removing the burrs a heating-plate is inserted for around 60 seconds to heat both pipe-ends (photo 7).

Photo 7: Heating the liner-pipe ends by means of the heating-plate

6- Butt-weld cooling The heating-plate is automatically removed and the pipe-ends pressed together (photo 8). The butt-weld procedure is fully controlled by the CNC-unit.

Photo 8: butt-welding of the pipe-ends

7- Welding of the electrofusion sleeve After a cooling time of approx. 8 minutes the in-line coupler electrofusion sleeve is slid back centrally on the butt-weld and fused to the pipe connection by energizing the copper heating-coil for about 4 minutes (photo 9). When the electrofusion is finished the coupler must be cooled for about 30 minutes. 8- Cooling of the connection After expiry of the cooling time, the welding parameters are checked by the CNC-unit. If the welding parameters are within the specifications, the connection is approved (“Parameters OK” is displayed). Now the pipe to pipe connection can be removed from the welding frame and the pipe put in place.

Photo 9: In-line coupler electrofusion sleeve centrally placed over the pipe-ends and connected

Photo 10: After cooling the in-line connection is ready

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM 1.4 Soluforce® end-fitting concept (flange) In order to hook-up the Soluforce® pipeline to existing pipe work the Soluforce® end-fitting is used. The end-fitting is a combination of an electrofusion end-fitting sleeve and several steel parts (photo 11)

Photo 11: Soluforce® flanged and-fitting

Photo 12: Soluforce® electrofusion end-fitting sleeve

The Soluforce® electrofusion end-fitting sleeve basically consists of a GRE-reinforced plastic sleeve, with an integrated copper heating-coil (figure 10). To make the connection the plastic sleeve is electrofused on the pipe-end. After electrofusion the end-fitting and the pipe-end are fully integrated. To connect the pipe-end to the existing pipe work the steel parts are put in place. The steel parts mechanically interlock on the plastic sleeve and can be bolted to the existing pipe works by means of a standard flange (See photo 11). For all pipe sizes the Soluforce® standard end-fitting product has a SS316 6” 600 pounds ANSI RF flange, which easily can be bolted to the existing pipeworks (photo 11 and 12).

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM 1.5 Soluforce® end-fitting in 5 steps The complete process is computer controlled with no possible human error.

1- Reading the coupler data The CNC-unit will lead the operator through the welding procedure. By running the “bar code reader” over the barcode the end-fitting is identified and the end-fitting welding procedure started (photo 13).

Photo 13: Reading the barcode with the «bar code reader»

2- Scraping the pipe surface By using the pipe-end scraping tool the top-layer of the pipe-cover is removed over the entire pipe surface and length of the end-fitting (photo 14).

Photo 14: Scraping of the pipe outer surface

3- Trimming the pipe end After loading the pipe-end into the welding frame the trimming tool is put in place to trim the pipe-end (photo 15)

Photo 15: End-fitting trimming in progress

SOLUFORCE® conneCTION SYSTEM 1.5 Soluforce® end-fitting in 5 steps The complete process is computer controlled with no possible human error.

Photo 16: The actual welding of an end-fitting

4- Welding of the electrofusion sleeve The cleaned end-fitting sleeve is pushed over the cleaned pipe-end and fixed between the clamps. The fusion leads are connected to the end-fitting terminals and the electrofusion started (photo 16). The CNC-unit will check the connection and when the connection is approved electrofusion is started by energizing the copper heating-coil for about 4 minutes. When the electrofusion is finished the fitting must be cooled for about 30 minutes. After expiry of the cooling time, the welding parameters are checked by the CNC-unit. If the welding parameters are within the specifications, the connection is approved (“Parameters OK” is displayed). 5- Assembly of the steel parts Now the end-fitting connection can be taken out off the welding frame. After installation of the steel parts (photo 17) the pipe can be connected to the existing steel pipeline.

Photo 17: Installing the steel parts

Soluforce® end-fitting (Weld stub) For the gas transport and distribution pipe systems flanged connections are not allowed. For the connection of Soluforce® RTP pipes to existing steel pipeline end fittings may be supplied with a weld stub. The welding procedure is the same. The termination is re-designed into a weld stub which can be connected by steel welding onto the existing steel pipe (photo 18). Photo 18: Soluforce® end-fitting with weld stub

SOLUFORCE® WELDING EQUIPMENT Soluforce® Welding equipment kit

The Soluforce® welding kit contains all the necessary tools to weld the Soluforce® fitting system. The kit is packed in a 20 ft container. The main part is the Soluforce® welding tool, which is based on standard available equipment modified for the welding of the Soluforce® fitting system. The equipment is fully automatic and CNC controlled. The welding system consists of : a) CNC unit to make computer controlled welds, data acquisition of the welding parameters and driving the hydraulic system ; b) Welding generator for delivery of the electrical power for electrofusion ; c) Heating plate for heating up the pipe-ends necessary for making the liner butt-weld ; d) Welding frame for fixing the pipes and controlled welding process ; e) Pipe trimmers to prepare the pipe-end face before welding ;

SOLUFORCE® REPAIR PROCEDURE A full repair procedure exists. Please contact Soluforce® for futher details

SOLUFORCE速 OFFSHORE

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS OFFSHORE

Special over-size drums for offshore can be supplied on demand

SOLUFORCE® OFFSHORE When installed empty, the maximum external pressure on Soluforce®, depending on diameter, is about 0.3 MPa, which limits the water depth to approximately 30 meters. However, when the Soluforce® RTP system is kept pressurized or water filled during installation and operation there is no theoretical limit to the water depth. For oil and water pipes, the maximum water depth is therefore much more than 30 meters, and limited in practice by the maximum allowable tensile load during installation. For gas pipe, the maximum water depth is determined by the hydrostatic collapse resistance.

Soluforce® type

Soluforce® CLASSIC M480 M570 Standard

Soluforce® HEAVY H415 H415 Standard

Dimensions Nominal diameter

(mm)

100 (4“)

125 (5“)

100 (4“)

125 (5“)

Weight, empty in air

(kg/m)

4,6

5,9

7,0

9,0

Weight, empty submerged

(kg/m)

-8,1

-12,4

-5,6

-8,9

Weight, waterfilled, submerged

(kg/m)

-0,3

-0,4

2,2

3,1

Maximum pressure, water service

(barg)

DNV

150

Maximum pressure, hydrocarbon service

(barg)

API RP 15S

Consult Pipelife

API 17J

Maximum pressure, gas service1

(barg)

API RP 15S

Consult Pipelife

API 17J

Maximum hydrotest pressure

(barg)

123

100

DNV

Maximum service température

(C°)

(mm)

Internal surface roughness (Darcy Weisbach) Hazen Williams friction factor 1 2

195

0,0015

150

DNV

Special grade HDPE linerpipe Max 24 hours, test medium: water. For Soluforce® Heavy see API 17J, Chapter 9.

For more information contact us directly at info@soluforce.com or visit our website www.soluforce.com to download our brochure and submit your questions. Project references can be supplied upon demand. A design guideline for offshore installation can be obtained from Soluforce. Conforms to API RP 15S or API 17J for spoolable composite pipe systems. Soluforce® RTP is DNV certified.

SOLUFORCE® OFFSHORE HYDROSTATIC COLLAPSE RESISTANCE

Soluforce® is suitable for static applications. An engineering design guideline is available upon request. Please contact Soluforce. Soluforce® is not an engineering design consultant and cannot undertake the design of offshore pipelines. We are able to recommend offshore design consultants who know the Soluforce® product range and have experience of using it in offshore designs. For dynamic applications please consult Soluforce®.

Soluforce® Classic RTP during installation with concrete block attachment for sinking to bottom of sea.

SOLUFORCEÂŽ OFFSHORE

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