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OCTOBER 18, 2019

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Tourmaline Oil’s recently commissioned Gundy deep cut gas plant, Oct. 12, 2019. Tourmaline will spend $150 million to expand the plant, expected to be complete in 2021.

Tourmaline to double Montney spend by $1.7 billion matt Preprost Tourmaline Oil says it remains bullish on its operations in northeast B.C. and plans to spend $1.7 billion on gas exploration and development here over the next five years. The company announced the news Saturday, Oct. 12, in Fort St. John, and celebrated the commissioning of its new $200 million deep cut gas plant at Gundy alongside staff and elected officials. “There’s no doubt that energy demand of all kinds is going to go up and we’re trying to position ourselves,” said Tourmaline COO Allan Bush. “We’re in this for the long haul and we see this as a really good place to being doing business. We want to stay aggressive here.” Tourmaline spent $1.8 billion on capital projects in the region over the last four years, and Gundy will remain the focus of growth as the company looks to capitalize on its liquids-rich holdings. Included in the $1.7 billion of new spending is a $150 million expansion of the new Gundy plant,

doubling capacity from 200 mmcf/d to 400 mmcf/d and increasing liquid volumes by 85,000 bpd. Butane and propane is already being shipped out of the region by rail to AltaGas’s new terminal in Prince Rupert and exported to Asia. New spending also includes drilling programs to support the increased volumes, as well as new pipelines. More full-time jobs will be created in production, operations, construction, and technology, Bush said. “The investment will be significant in the area,” Bush said. The news was met with optimism from elected officials, who said the spending is a sign of confidence in both the region and future of the industry. “To have the largest producer in the country make these investments with the knowledge and understanding that they have of the economics and what it’s going to look like in the future, it’s good news for all of us in northeast bc, it’s good news for B.C.,” Peace River North MLA Dan Davies said. Still, many companies remain

nervous, and drilling activity has slowed considerably, said South Peace MLA Mike Bernier. “I hope we see more (investments),” Bernier said. “We’re seeing the boots on the ground, the people who are hurt, they’re worried what does this mean for spinoff now to local contractors.” Of Tourmaline’s spending over the last four years, the company says $312 million went to local businesses. Energy Minister Michelle Mungall was also in Fort St. John for the celebration. She said natural gas is key to the renewable energy transition, and said industry and the province must take environmental standards into consideration when doing business. “In B.C., the best way to create family supporting jobs is through our resource sector,” Mungall said. “When I get news that Tourmaline is investing even more in British Columbia, I want to celebrate because I know what that means for communities, I know what that means for families, I know what that means for children, and the

opportunities that gives them and the life they can have.” Bush said Tourmaline is an environmental leader, lowering carbon intensity from its operations and recycling 92% of the water it produces. “We understand as a company, we understand as an industry that has to be part of our game,” Bush said. “Not simply because it’s mandatory, but because it’s the right way to do business today.” Long-term plans for the Gundy plant include tying into hydroelectric power from the Site C dam once it’s completed. Beyond its operations, Tourmaline is engaged in the community, Mayor Lori Ackerman said, and noted the company made a recent contribution to the upcoming 2020 Winter Games being held here in February. “When you are intentional and specific about what is you are doing, and that is what Tourmaline is doing, then it’s important for us to celebrate that,” Ackerman said. — Pipeline News North

• PIPELINE NEWS NORTH OCTOBER 18, 2019

PNN mIssIoN statemeNt Pipeline News North provides current, interesting, and relevant news and information about the oil and gas industry in Northeast B.C. and Northwest Alberta. Have an interesting story to share or a news lead? Email us at editor@ahnfsj.ca.

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MATT PREPROST MANAGING EDITOR 250-785-5631 C: 250-271-0724 editor@ ahnfsj.ca mayor Lori ackerman (centre) with mLa dan davies, tumbler ridge mayor Keith Bertrand, taylor mayor rob Fraser, resource Works executive director stewart muir, and resource municipalities Coalition executive director mike Whalley at the 2019 Canadian energy Person of the Year gala in Calgary, oct. 9, 2019.

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Fort St. John Mayor Lori Ackerman was honoured Wednesday night in Calgary as the 2019 Canadian Energy Person of the Year. The Energy Council of Canada established the award in 2001 to recognize Canadian leaders making an impact for the energy sector on a national and international level. Indeed, throughout her three-term tenure as mayor, Ackerman has pushed energy literacy up on the city’s agenda and raised Fort St. John’s profile in provincial and national discussions about natural resource development in Canada. “I have been recognized as someone who tirelessly speaks about building a significant community, thinking globally and the need to understand the energy industry; all the investment, infrastructure and consumer demand that goes with it rather than vilifying the industry,” Ackerman said. “Council has recognized that energy is not just a commodity it’s a responsibility. Our initiatives have showcased the opportunities that municipalities have within their toolbox to

leave a lighter footprint.” As part of the award, the Energy Council made a donation to the charity of Ackerman’s choice: Fort St. John and Area Senior Care Foundation. The foundation runs on a small budget of just $28,000 and provides critical services for seniors such as Better at Home and Meals on Wheels, Ackerman said. “This was an easy decision,” Ackerman said. Energy Council President Jacob Irving said Ackerman was a deserving recipient. “Canadian communities that grow alongside energy development, manage unique development opportunities,” Irving said. “Balancing economic highs and lows, while moving toward a sustainable future for both the community and the energy industry requires vision, tenacity and strong leadership. Canada is fortunate to have a leader like Lori Ackerman who sees the big picture and the local reality and is able to fit the two together for mutual benefit.” — Pipeline News North

Matt preprost B.C. posted a second-straight multi-million dollar sale of Crown petroleum and natural gas rights in October. Industry paid $2.37 million in bonus bids on Wednesday, Oct. 9, picking up five leases covering 2,369 hectares. Aduro Resources Ltd. was the biggest player at the sale, picking up four leases in the Monias area for a combined $2.04 million. Buffalo Hil Resources picked up the other lease, 1,313 hectares across two tracts in the Flatrock area, for $333,856. Industry paid an average of $1,002 per hectare. With rent and other fees, the sale brought in $2.39 million for the month.

The province has now taken in roughly $13.5 million in bonus bids to date this year, compared to the nearly $62.5 million it saw through this time last year. It’s been a sluggish year for sales in B.C., which saw zero revenue in February, March, and July. Sales have ranged from a low of $5,500 in bonus bids in June, and a high of $8.3 million in September. The province has two sales left in the calendar year to raise at least $3 million and avoid setting a new historic yearly low. The previous record low in B.C. for an annual bonus haul was $15.19 million in 2016. The next sale is scheduled for Nov. 13, with one drilling licence and one lease on offer. — Pipeline News North

Coastal GasLink draws foreign interest The Coastal GasLink pipeline is drawing interest from an investment firm in the United Arab Emirates. Abu Dhabi-based Mubadala Investment Co. is just one potential investor interested in the pipeline, according to a report from Bloomberg. TC Energy Corp., formerly TransCanada, said earlier this year it would sell as much as a 75% stake in the 670-kilometre natural gas pipeline from Northeast B.C. to the LNG Canada projKitimat. Mubadala declined comment, while TC Energy told Bloomberg it does not comment on “market rumours.” “As has been previously reported in our quarterly financial disclosures,

we continue to advance funding plans for our Coastal GasLink Project including the potential sale of an ownership interest and project financing,” the company said in a statement. Mubadala, a state-owned sovereign wealth fund, spent $19 billion in 2018, according to Bloomberg. The $6.2-billion Coastal GasLink pipeline is a key piece of infrastructure for LNG Canada. TC Energy has said it would retain 25% to 50% ownership in the pipeline, so it would not be a wholesale divestment. The First Nation LNG Alliance has said First Nations could also take equity stakes in the pipeline.

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Registration open, changes made for Oilmen’s Bonspiel dillon giancola The time has come once again to assemble your team, book a couple days off work, and have some fun curling with the Fort St. John Petroleum Association’s finest. The 59th Oilmen’s Bonspiel hits the Fort St. John Curling Club November 14 to 16. Entry into the tournament is reserved for the first 32 teams to sign up, this being the fourth year the bonspiel will have that many entries. A year away from the event’s 60th anniversary, the Oilmen’s Bonspiel Committee has made a few slight changes to this years event in an attempt to make it the best and most fun it can be for all involved. One of the main changes will be no curling on Wednesday night, and no opening ceremonies.

because it was just one more night guys had to be away from their families and out at the rink, and the opening ceremony was always a bit tough to schedule,” Moskalyk said. While the dance will return on Friday, November 15, upstairs at the curling club, there won’t be the usual entertainment on the Thursday night. Instead of bringing in a comedian as in years past, the bonspiel will feature the Oilmen’s 1st Annual Rock The Hole event. Just as fans try to shoot a puck through a cardboard cutout at hockey games, this event will give each person a chance to throw a curling rock through a small opening. “First, you have to make it through the hole, and the prize will be given to whoever gets closer to the button. The entertainment seemed so hit and miss with trying to appeal to everyone, and this is something we’re excited about,” said Moskalyk.

While the bonspiel isn’t the most attended Oilmen’s event like it used to be — Moskalyk said that honour now belongs to the Oilmen’s Family Campout — it remains a fun, successful and meaningful event year after year. As the longest-running event of the club, the longevity speaks to the legacy of the Oilmen’s Bonspiel, as well as the hard work the community, committee, and players have put into it year after year. “The curling club has a fantastic facility that we’re more than happy to use, and we’ll continue to do so as long as we can,” Moskalyk said. To register your team, or see if there is a team you can join, call Neil Carlstrom at 250263-7018 or Victor Moskalyk at 250-261-9449. — Pipeline News North

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Tidewater to buy Prince George Refinery matt Preprost Tidewater Midstream announced Friday its intention to buy Husky Energy’s refinery in Prince George for $215 million. Tidewater says the light oil refinery, which produces diesel and gasoline, will expand its liquids value chain, and is a critical piece of infrastructure in a region in short supply of refined products. “Regional demand is robust and short supply of refined product, having historically been driven by local energy intensive industries including forestry, mining and oil and gas,” the company said in a news release. “Tidewater expects demand to continue to be strong as various large-scale infrastructure projects are developed in B.C.” The two Calgary-based companies say the refinery’s employees will be retained after the deal closes. Tidewater may also pay up to an additional $60 million over two years under certain contingencies. The refinery uses crude oil and condensate from B.C. and Alberta to produce about 12,000 barrels per day of low-sulphur gasoline and diesel fuel. Husky will buy 90% of the refinery’s diesel and gasoline capacity for five years, with prices subject to review, to supply its Husky retail gasoline stations and Husky retail partners. The sale is part of Husky’s plan to focus on a series of physically linked assets in Western Canada as well as its offshore oil and gas production off Canada’s East Coast and in the Asia-Pacific region. Husky said Friday that it continues to conduct a strategic review of its retail and commercial fuels businesses. — Pipeline News North, with files from the Canadian Press

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New GHG legislation This fall the Alberta government will introduce new GHG legislation targeted primarily at the province’s oil and gas industry, government house leader Jason Nixon said. Premier Jason Kenney’s government plans to table 14 to 17 bills during a busy fall session. Among early priorities will be legislation for the Technology, Innovation and Emissions Reduction (TIER) program, Nixon said. TIER will create a new system for large industrial emitters, replacing the Carbon Competitiveness Incentive Regulation (CCIR) that was put in place in January 2018 under former Premier Rachel Notley. Since 2007, facilities in Alberta that emit more than 100,000 tonnes of co2 equivalent per year have had to pay a levy to the province. The initial legislation, the Specified Gas Emitters Regulation (SGER), established the tax at $15/tonne. That price stayed in place until 2017, when under Notley it was increased to $20/tonne and subsequently $30/tonne in 2018. Kenney’s government plans to restore an updated version of the SGER model that would decrease the tax back to $20/tonne, according to the United Conservative Party’s election platform. The first $100 million in revenues and 50 percent of remaining revenues paid into the TIER fund would be used to develop oil and gas carbon reduction technology, the UCP said. The remaining funds would be used to reduce

Alberta’s deficit and support the energy “war room.” “TIER represents a novel but practical approach to addressing emissions,” Nixon said. “Industry has been consulted on it. It will go into technology, innovation and research; into projects that we think will have the biggest impact in the shortest period of time on emissions. It will not go into rebate programs.” — JWN Energy

New drilling low

Drilling activity in Western Canada is currently depressed at historic levels, according to a new report from Peters & Co. Limited. Continued cautiousness by operators and unfavourable weather in several regions, notably Saskatchewan, contributed to an average of 134 active rigs in the field in the third quarter, the lowest level in over 25 years, analysts said. “Activity in all major plays declined, with the most pronounced weakness in the Deep Basin and Montney. Large Cap operators scaled back activity most aggressively, while the Intermediate group was the least impacted,” Peters & Co. said. “In the early days of October, activity is tracking 40 percent below the same period in 2018, with activity levels largely paralleling 30-year lows. We expect fiscal discipline and budget exhaustion will be pronounced during Q4/2019, with activity forecasted to decline 30 to 35 percent year-overyear. In absolute terms, we expect the rig count during the fourth quarter to be at the lowest level since 1991.” — JWN Energy

OCTOBER 18, 2019

PIPELINE NEWS NORTH •

Black Swan President David Maddison at the company’s Nig Creek Gas Plant, Oct. 16, 2019. | Matt Preprost Photo

Black Swan celebrates opening of Nig Creek plant matt Preprost Black Swan Energy celebrated the opening of its Nig Creek Gas Plant north of Fort St. John on Wednesday. The $200-million, 100 MMcf/d facility processes sour gas into sweet gas and separating hydrocarbon liquids including butane, condensate, and propane. The plant, built with a 20-year commitment on the North Montney Mainline, effectively doubles the

size of Black Swan’s business, officials say. “This is a big step in our evolution,” Black Swan President David Maddison said. Also on Wednesday, Black Swan presented Blueberry River First Nation Chief Marvin Yahey with $227,000 in funding for community infrastructure projects. The Calgary-based exploration and production company has spent $1.2 billion to date in the region, with plans to spend an estimated

$1 billion over the next five years, including an expansion at Nig Creek to add more than 80 MMcf/d of incremental raw processing. The facility has been under planning and construction for the last two years, with more than 360,000 hours put into the project, Maddison said. The plant was built with a waste heat recovery system that will lower emissions by 10,000 tonnes annually, Maddison said, while a liquids pipeline will reduce the

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number of trucks on the road and cut emissions by 1,500 tonnes. The company’s well sites are also powered by solar panels, Maddison added, which will cut some 600 tonnes of emmissions per year per well site. “It’s like any industry, we do our part and we keep getting better,” Maddison said. “This plant is an example of something that’s really minimizes it environmental impact.” — Pipeline News North

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OCTOBER 18, 2019

Eva Clayton, seated, president of the Nisga’a Lisims Government, John Helin, mayor of the Lax Kw;alaams, and Haisla Chief Crystal Smith sign MOU. Nelson Bennett Photo

New First Nations partnership wants in on LNG nelson bennett Four First Nations in northwest B.C. are planning to get in on the liquefied natural gas industry, and they are framing their effort as a climate change initiative. The Nisga’a, Haisla and two Coast Tsimshian bands – the Lax Kw’alaams and Metlakatla – have partnered in an initiative called the Northwest First Nations Collaborative Climate Change Initiative (FNCCI). They signed a memorandum of understanding Wednesday, October 9 in Vancouver to cooperate in the “planning, management, construction and ownership” of new LNG projects. First Nations that are already participating in LNG and associated pipeline projects see the industry as a way out of poverty. “In my community on the north coast, we have the biggest fishing fleet in B.C. that can’t make a living anymore,” said Lax Kw’alaams Mayor John Helin. “So we have to look at opportunities, and look after the climate.” The Haisla are already benefitting from the $40 billion LNG Canada project in Kitimat, said Haisla Chief Crystal Smith. “We can see the changes and the benefits (for) our people,” she said. “As First Nations leaders, it’s our responsibility, for not only protecting our environment...but it’s also our responsibility for the social aspect of our people.” Helin said there is no particular LNG project proposed as of yet that the new partnership would participate in. They are merely setting the stage to participate as partners in any future LNG proposals. “With uncertainty in the province, we’re not going to have anything happen,” Helin said.“Not just First Nations, but industry and government want certainty. There still is a lot of interest out there on LNG, but there’s nothing concrete right now. We don’t have any projects that are for sure going ahead.” The new partnership appears to be similar to

the First Nations Limited Partnership, which is a $500 million partnership of 16 B.C. First Nations that acts as collective bargaining and investment group involved in the Pacific Trails natural gas pipeline – the pipeline that would supply gas to the Kitimat LNG project. While environmentalists and the Green Party are framing LNG as a fossil fuel that will make it difficult for B.C. to meet its greenhouse gas reduction targets, the FNCCI partnership is framing it as a net benefit, as LNG exported to Asia would displace coal power. Used to produce power, natural gas produces about half of the CO2 produced by burning coal. Partly because B.C.’s upstream natural gas sector is being electrified, and partly because natural gas produced in the Montney formation in northeastern B.C. has a lower carbon content than gas produced in other regions – the Horne River, for example – LNG produced in B.C. is being marketed as being the lowest in the world in terms of its emissions intensity. Natural gas produced in B.C. also is said to have lower methane emissions than natural gas produced in some other jurisdictions, due to regulations and best practices, such as green completions, which captures methane that would otherwise be vented or flared when new gas wells are fracked. B.C.’s LNG carbon footprint would be even lower still if new LNG projects opt for electric drive for the LNG chilling process – something the partners behind the Kitimat LNG project have already committed to. FNCCI consultant Alex Gyzbowski, principal of Pacific Resolutions, said it is estimated that using LNG to displace coal power could result in a reduction of 60 million to 90 million tonnes of CO2 per year. That estimate comes from E3Merge Consulting, which estimated that for every tonne of CO2 produced in B.C. from the LNG Canada project, GHGs would go down by a factor of 10, if it displaces coal power in Asia.

B.C.’s total GHG output in 2017 was 64.5 million tonnes. So, if the E3Merge accounting is correct, exports from a single LNG plant in B.C. – LNG Canada – could conceivably cancel out B.C.’s entire annual greenhouse gas production. But the way carbon accounting works under the Paris Agreement, GHG reductions achieved outside of a country don’t count. The LNG Canada project would add an estimated 3.5 million tonnes of CO2 to B.C.’s carbon budget annually – an increase of about 5.5% of what B.C. produced in 2017. Under current Paris Agreement accounting, B.C. can only count GHG increases from the LNG produced here – it can’t claim any reductions that might occur outside of Canada. There is a mechanism under Article 6 in the Paris Agreement that allows for Internationally Transferable Mitigation Outcomes (ITMO) that could conceivably be used to claim those reductions in B.C. It’s something Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer has talked about in his campaign platform, and federal Natural Resources Minister Amarjeet Sohi has also talked about the possibility of negotiating a kind of carbon swap using ITMOs. But getting those credits could be difficult to negotiate. China and Japan, after all, are also signatories to the Paris Agreement, so any GHG reductions resulting from a switch from coal to gas is something they would want to claim for themselves. Convincing Asian governments or industries to surrender at least some of their GHG reductions to B.C. might require some fairly high-level country-to-country negotiations. However, it is something the Government of Canada is exploring. Acquiring ITMOs is one of the objectives in the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change. — Business in Vancouver

OCTOBER 18, 2019

Injunction granted against Alberta’s ‘turn-off-the-taps’ act

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nelson bennett The Federal Court of Canada has granted B.C. an injunction against Alberta’s so-called turn-off-the-taps law that it has threatened to use to cut off oil and gas supplies to B.C. in its dispute over the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion. Bill 12 was introduced by the Rachel Notley government and then proclaimed by the Jason Kenney Conservatives. On Sept. 24, the Federal Court granted an injunction against the bill. The injunction means that Alberta cannot act on Bill 12 until the court has determined whether or not Bill 12 is indeed unconstitutional. The intent of the law was to give Alberta control over the export of its oil and gas resources. It was in response B.C.’s plans to enact legislation restricting the flow of diluted bitumen from Alberta through B.C. via the Trans Mountain pipeline or rail. Earlier this year, the B.C. Court of Appeal unanimously rejected B.C.’s assertion that it has any constitutional authority to restrict products flowing through a federally regulated pipeline. B.C. is appealing that decision. Politicians in Alberta made it clear Bill 12 was aimed squarely at British Columbia in response to the John Horgan government’s attempts to restrict the flow of diluted bitumen through by pipeline or rail. Federal Court Justice Sébastien Grammond agreed the act is discriminatory against B.C. He also agreed with B.C.’s argument that any restrictions on the flow of oil or refined fuel products could be seriously damaging to B.C.’s economy. “I find that the irreparable harm that British Columbia would suffer if the injunction is not granted far outweighs any inconvenience that the injunction might impose on Alberta,” Grammond writes in his written decision. “Such an embargo would deprive British Columbia of essential fuel supply, which could result in severe economic consequences as well as, depending on the duration of the embargo, threats to public safety.” While the injunction does not mean that Bill 12 has been nullified by the court, it appears Alberta will have a hard time defending the act. Grammond notes that “there is a serious issue as to the validity of the Act in its totality.”

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Site location options. | Geoscience BC/Associatied Engineering

Study suggests old Fort Nelson gas field has potential for geothermal power plant A depleted natural gas field in the Horn River Basin near Fort Nelson has been identified as a prospective site for a geothermal power plant. The Clarke Lake Field, located 14 kilometres southeast of Fort Nelson, has had more than 100 natural gas wells drilled into it, activity which Geoscience BC says provides valuable data about conditions below the surface. Its report assesses a potential 15 MW geothermal project at two potential sites in the Clarke Lake Field from a site servicing and development perspective. “This study puts initial numbers on the idea of using abandoned oil and gas fields to generate geothermal energy and heat in northeastern British Columbia,” said Carlos Salas, Geoscience BC’s executive vice-president and chief scientific officer. “The electricity used in the area is mostly

gas-generated, or imported from Alberta, so as well as increasing local electricity generation, there is real potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to bring new and diversified economic opportunities to the area.” The report provides high-level estimates of power plant design requirements, site development considerations, and assumptions on potential power customers. It estimates that development costs would total between $139 million and $285 million, with a payback period of between 12 and 24 years. The report also identifies future opportunities that a geothermal plant could help to facilitate, including greenhouses that use heat from the plant and the potential to attract cryptocurrency mining operations. Fort Nelson First Nation Chief Sharleen Gale said she’s excited at the potential benefits such

a project could bring to the community. “Fort Nelson First Nation is grateful for the studies by Geoscience BC that have highlighted geothermal resource opportunities immediately adjacent to our home community and located in our territory where our people have lived for thousands of years,” Gale said in a news release. “There aren’t many places in the world where you can access geothermal energy — it could revolutionize the north! We are grateful for this unique opportunity to pursue clean, renewable energy that can provide us with food security, energy independence and diverse economic opportunities in our territory. The possibilities are endless.” — Daily Oil Bulletin

OCTOBER 18, 2019

PIPELINE NEWS NORTH •

A modified shipping container with 130 barrels worth of solid bitumen is loaded onto a container ship in Prince Rupert. | Melius Energy Photo

First shipment of solid bitumen on its way to China nelson bennett A test shipment of bitumen oil from Alberta is on its way to China, but it didn’t get to a B.C. port by pipeline – it was moved by train through Prince Rupert in a semi-solid form commonly known as neatbit. Melius Energy in Calgary is not the first company to propose moving bitumen through B.C. in a semi-solid form by train, but it appears to be the first to actually land a potential customer in China and start shipping semisolid bitumen by train. It has sent its first container, containing 130 barrels of bitumen, to China in a test shipment, and is currently building a new demonstration plant in Edmonton that turns diluted bitumen into a solid called TrueCrude. Using existing rail infrastructure, Melius says it could potentially move 120,000 barrels per day of pure bitumen in 100-unit trains through the Port of Prince Rupert. “Prince Rupert is expanding and they’re looking for lot of containers to move through there,” said Yuri Butler, Melius’ manager of logistics and supply. “That’s one of the reasons we’re excited about working with Prince Rupert is they’re looking for a lot of containers. We’re looking to export a lot of containers. Right now there’s a lot of containers coming into Prince Rupert, but there’s not necessarily a lot leaving.” Moving bitumen in semi-solid form addresses environmental concerns associated

with moving diluted bitumen by rail, pipeline and oil tanker. The concern is that an oil spill on either land or at sea could have serious environmental impacts. Shipping it in a solid, non-flammable form addresses those concerns. Should a container of TrueCrude ever crack open and end up in the ocean, it would float in one large block that could easily be recovered, the company says. Bitumen is a thick, tarry form of oil that has to be diluted with lighter oils – condensate – in order to transport it in liquid form. Melius developed a process, called BitCrude, whereby the diluent is taken back out of the diluted bitumen. The diluent can be recycled back to dilbit producers. The pure bitumen is heated so it can be poured into modified shipping containers, where it then solidifies when it cools. It is then shipped by train and put onto container ships. When it reaches its destination, the bitumen is heated to allow to flow into a refinery. Melius is currently building a demonstration diluent recovery plant in Edmonton. Butler said the plants could be built and sold as turnkey operations to oil producers in Alberta. Melius says transporting bitumen by train and container ship is cost competitive with pipeline and oil tanker transport. For one thing, there are no capital costs associated with the transportation, since the railway lines already exist.

“We’re moving on existing rail lines, it’s a safe product and we can efficiently move volume at scale,” Butler said. There are also economies of scale associated with moving products by container ship, as opposed to oil tanker, since there are so many containers ships plying the ocean. “When you ship in a container, your costs to ship that container are very competitive because there’s so much volume of containers moving,” Butler said. He said there is a huge demand in China for bitumen, largely because China’s Belt and Road project will require so much asphalt. Because of its high asphaltene content, bitumen is a highly desired feedstock for making asphalt. Roughly half of a barrel of bitumen can be turned into asphalt, with the rest being turned into other petroleum products. “The demand from Asia right now for heavy crude oil is growing and it’s almost insatiable, especially with what’s happening with Venezuela, and Iran and Saudi Arabia,” Butler said. “They’re looking for supply, and right now they’re struggling to find it. Whereas here in Alberta we have quite a bit of supply and we’re trying to export it to the U.S., where we’re fighting to get a low dollar. If we can get this to the China, we can get a much better dollar and sell our premium product at a premium price.” — Business in Vancouver

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PIPELINE NEWS NORTH •

sorting through the spin on B.C.’s latest emissions report

f you need to know how to take positive news and make it negative, just ask Andrew Weaver. As can only happen in the disorganized world of politics, our fearless provincial leaders take a good news story and make it sound like a disaster. The headline by CBC on a Canadian Press story from Sept. 10 read ‘B.C. greenhouse gas emissions still near 2007 levels, ministry says’. I would have thought this was a good news story, especially today where emissions are always being reported as rising, but apparently not here in B.C. We wouldn’t want to give any impression that we’re slowly winning the battle, when the desired outcome is to immediately achieve the impossible and rid ourselves of pipelines, gasoline, diesel, and all other things derived from petroleum. In the ever-changing world of politics, climate change, and emissions targets, politicians do seem to get it all backwards. The Canadian Press story reports Green Party Leader Andrew Weaver as being “concerned with the emissions levels, saying ordinary B.C. residents are doing their part to fight pollution, but industry emissions are largely rising.” Yet, the same story reports “2017 emissions fell in several sectors including petroleum, oil and gas extraction, road transport, and public electricity and heat production. Sectors where emission increased included manufacturing, off-road transport, residential construction and agriculture.” Let me get this right. The report says our major emitting sectors are doing their part and slowly reducing their emissions,

EVAN sAUGSTAD but our politicians cannot and will not give them any credit. I thought this would be good news. Unfortunately, we know where Premier John Horgan and Weaver stand when it comes to our oil and gas industries. Hell will likely freeze over before either could admit to the truth and give some support for this sector and all the good things it’s doing and achieving. Not surprisingly, agriculture is cited as an increaser. What opportunities are there for farmers to decrease emissions when there aren’t a lot of technological advancements that are affordable or practical, other than reducing production? Year after year, our farmers need to produce our food, get it to markets, and then out to us, the consumers — all of which requires vast amounts of energy, mostly in the form of diesel and gas. Any changes to this system are still far in the distant future. It’s the same for manufacturing. We need their production; we need their jobs and changes to their

processes will take years. Another article, titled ‘Clean/ green movement won’t transform the economy quickly’ by Jock Finlayson of the Business Council of British Columbia in the ORCA on Sept. 9, concludes: “the current energy transition, like those that have occurred before, is destined to be slow-moving and is unlikely to entail a sudden break with established patterns of energy production and consumption. “In the meantime, Canadians should be skeptical of claims made by some politicians about the role of a supposedly booming clean/green sector in transforming the country’s economy.” Finlayson then goes on to explain why Canada and the rest of the world cannot quickly change from using fossil fuels to other sources, and how world fossil fuel production and use continues to climb, despite all the rhetoric to the contrary. I hate to break the news to the fossil fuel deniers, but getting rid of gas and oil isn’t happening anytime soon. Come to think of it, why should we jump off this bandwagon when everyone else is still getting on? Getting off now will simply leave us standing by the edge of the road, watching the rest of the world pass us by, all the while petroleum production continues to grow. On Sept. 11, I watched one of Canada’s leading investment gurus talk on BNN about how the world becoming more interested in investing in Canada’s oil and gas sector. With world demand for oil increasing by more than one million barrels per year — consistent on a yearly basis over the past 30 years and showing no signs of slowing

down — the world is waking up and once again beginning to look to Canada to provide for its needs. His view, which is supported by many, is that we already have the world’s most ethically and environmentally-produced petroleum production, and that we should be supplying the rest of the world with our products, not denying them. Not only that, but that our governments should be taking the lead from our knowledge and knowhow, and helping export these processes and technologies so other petroleum-producing regions of the world can accomplish these same good things just like we do here at home. With the federal election in full swing, we shouldn’t be afraid to give a shoutout to all our great petroleum-based industries, on how they support us, how they support our wellbeing, and how they support Canada. If there’s one thing we all should be doing, it’s not letting fossil fuel deniers take over the conversation with false messages about the demise of our petroleum industry. Don’t let them confuse you with stories about how our “clean energy” economy will save the day and create all those jobs. Green energy’s current contribution to Canada’s gross domestic product (GDP) is still less than a politician’s rounding error. We still need our petroleum producing sector, if not more than ever, at least as much as we ever have. Evan Saugstad is a former mayor of Chetwynd, and lives in Fort St. John.

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