Al Rayan International Airport مطار الريان الدولي [ The Source of Irrigation ] _ Saudi Arabia’s Airport _
msa
The Manchester School of Architecture
M (Arch) Architecture Panikos Pittakas 11071274
01
Al Rayan International Airport Statement _ Rationalised Model _ Water Red Sea
The Al Rayad International Airport project is set in the Red Sea, in Saudi Arabia’s region and more specific in the North West side area of Saudi Arabia (Sea Side area of Tabuk Region), and builds on the theme of remediation of Dessert Environment.
AIR LINEAR MODEL 20 GATES
The process of the Project gives a solution of how the Aviation Development can be a cradle to cradle loop as an ecological system of self sustained city. RED SEA Saudi Arabia has a population 31 million people. Recently Economy development and property boom have resulted in many parts of the Middle East areas. There is a trend of high raised building and more development in the South East site of Saudi Arabia the high development is mainly in Riyadh, Mecca and Jeddah that are oil-based economy. Saudi Arabia desert is a potential region of Middle East that need development. There is a plenty of Desert that is undeveloped without any growth. Through the large areas of the North-West side of the country still undeveloped and consists mainly desert areas.
LAND
CITY
Bus Station
Saudi Arabia_ Necessity of new Aviation Development in the North West site of Saudi Arabia_
Hybrid – Cross Programme _
Duba Port
Damman
Riyadh
Sea Port
Airport
Jeddah
}
The project is based on Aviation project and aims to create an multimodal Eco Aerotropolis that connect the North West Side of Saudi Arabia with the remaining country by giving a cradle to cradle close loop solution and be self sustained so the new city aims to offer economic, social and environment benefits.
Sustainability and self-sufficiency are the key principles in the development of Eco – Aerotropolis.
LAND
Train Station
The project is used as a test-bed to explore the possibilities of remediate the deserts. The general aim of the project is to Remediate the Saudi Arabia desert with sustainable way. Through strategic programs, Urban agriculture can continue to thrive as an opportunistic and entrepreneurial practice with profound social, economic, environmental benefits for the Eco – Aerotropolis of the Saudi Arabia’s Desert.
The Ecology of the Eco - Aerotropolis is developed based on the principle of Cradle to Cradle (that is a biomimetic approach to the design of products and systems.
Tabuk City _ Saudi Arabia
New Train Infrastructure _ Eco Aerotropolis &Tabuk City
Al Rayad Airport
RUNWAY
Thesis Statement _
Eco Aerotropolis Self Sustained
The Concept International Passenger Hub N
New International Airport _ Duba Port Area
International Airports
Extend the existing rail system
Use the existing road system
Use the existing Port
New Development
Connectivity The Eco Aerotropolis City will be connected by Duha Port, Huramain High Speed Railway, the Saudi Land Bridge and the new Airport Development.
Domestic Airports
Distance From Duba (Tabuk) to the nearest International Airport _ Duba
12h // 1387.8km
Duba
15h // 1782 km
Duba
7h // 830 km
Damman International Airport Riyadh International Airport
Jeddah International Airport
}
The New International Airport it will serve the north west part of Saudi Arabia
Rather than seeing these two major infrastructures as two separate investments, the project elaborates on the idea of merging a sea and air port into one coherent, efficient and synergetic transport system . The project will emphasise a combination of two models; a hybrid -cross program and a rationalised model, to achieve one coherent infrastructure that benefits both the global and local economy.
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Al Rayan International Airport _ Ideogram _ SAUDI ARABIA _
OASIFICATION _ FUTURE ECO - AEROTROPOLIS Transform Deserts to Green Aerotropolis _
Produce
Organic Waste Recycled
Saudi Arabia
Food
Renewable Energy
Riyadh
Duba Port
Renewable Energy
North - West = Slow development
Inputs
Water
Eco Aerotropolis Metabolism
Outputs
Desalination Infrustructure _
Oasification _
Future Urban Aerotropolis
_ Eco – Aerotropolis
Airlines
New Food Trade Challenges NEED TO ACHIEVE
Concept System _
Desert Environment _ Green_ Deserts
Food Supply
Locally
Material Recycled
Aerotropolis Needs
Clean Water
Minimum Pollution & Waste
}
}
South - East = More developed
Remediation Formula _
Desert Environment _
Concept Outcome _
Harnessing Sufficient quantities of Solar Power
- PROTOTYPE SYSTEM OF AIRPORT CITY - ECONOMIC GROWTH - URBANISE THE DESERT AREAS - SELF SUSTAINED BUILDING - EXAPNSION _ FUTURE
Water Production 2
3
Slow Development
Urbanise the Desert_
Provide Clean Water _
Grow Crops
4
}
1
Food Production 1.6 Billion People affected by water scarcity
World Consumes more food than it produce
¼ Earth’s land threatened by Desertification
Renewable Energy
Saudi Arabia can be a hub of trade of Middle East between, Europe, Africa and Asia, location wise is in strategic place that can be serves lots of countries in terms of trades.
SITE
Self Sustained Building Urbanise the Desert Cargo Benefits
}
_ Open Trade System _
HOW?
Ecological Methodology
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TIME
Concentrated Solar Power
Seawater Greenhouse Building Performance over the opening times
CONCEPT
FLEXIBILITY
PROGRAMME / DEVELOPMENT
Easily to expand
Saudi Arabia’s Airport _ The Source of Irrigation _ Masterplan Development _
Al Rayan International Airport مطار الريان الدولي Al Rayan International Airport it will be the spectacular new gateway to Saudi Arabia. The airport has a highly self sustained efficient design, which has been inspired by local traditions, and is based on a flexible modular solution that allows for future expansion – the new building secures the city’s position as the main hub for the Tabuk region. In response to Saudi Arabia’s climate, where summer temperatures vary markedly between day and night time, the building is constructed largely from concrete, the high thermal mass of the material providing passive environmental control The tessellated roof canopy comprises a series of shallow concrete shells, which extend to shade the facades – each component provided a modular unit for construction. The prefabricate concrete components design are like the leaves of a desert palm and daylight floods the concourse through split beams at the column junctions. Echoing the veins of a leaf, a geometric pattern based on traditional Islamic forms is applied to each exposed component. The airport typology is linear type of 20 gates which contains the main processing areas and shops, lounges and restaurants. Between these volumes, interior oasis are designed, as a feature of vernacular architecture in the region – contribute to the building’s environmental strategy.
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Connectivity Strategy _ Masterplan Development _ Cradle to Cradle _ Closed – Loop _ Ecological System _ Appendix 2
4 E’s Development _ Economy, Environment, Equity The masterplan concept, is follow conventional approach to production of goods often involve simple, mono-functional systems that aim to maximize one goal (for instance energy production or food output), the Remediation Project involves creating a complex, interconnected cluster of technologies that aims for an optimized overall system rather than a single maximized goal. The synergies arising from integrating the technologies into low-waste interconnected systems improve performance and economics compared to those of the individual components.
CO₂ Agriculture
Solar Energy
Blackwater
Sewage
Solar Thermal
Social Aspect
oxygen
Photovoltaic
The Produce from the farms will be distributed into the new airport and to the new city and in wider context via the transportation networks (Air Cargo, via Port, and via Trains).
Food Waste
Farms
Fertilizer
Jobs Living Model
] Food [
Duba Eco Aerotropolis Water Waste
Concentrated Solar Power
Fresh Water Airport
Heat
General Waste
Electricity Transport System
Hydrogen
Desalination Infrastructure
Water
Purification
Greywater
Sea Water
Evaporative Colling System
Salt Water Distributor
Tabouk City
Recycling
Cool refreshing Air
Hot –Dry Air Maricutlure & Algae
Blower
Food and Biomass
Evaporation Hedges
Evaporative Pad
Water Reservoir Saltwater Cooled into Greenhouses
Revegetation
Food
SELD SUSTAINED FARMS Salt
Salt Ponds
AIRPORT
_ Future Eco Aerotropolis _
RECYCLE CENTER
DUBA PORT
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Masterplan Development _ Economic Diversification _
Current Situation Saudi Arabia Duba Port
Oil Based Economy Jordan
Egypt Egypt
Future Situation Sudan Sudan Air Cargo
Erithrea Erithrea
Airline Food Supply
Food Based Economy
Efficiency & Global Reach _ The purpose of the project is to create a global connection that promotes long term self sustainable economic growth that is diverse and less reliant on natural resources. The ethos of the masterplan is to create a self sustainable Topos. This could be generate a framework to inspire rich countries like Saudi Arabia along a path of economic competitive and vibrancy that provides access to opportunities for all social classes.
Climate Responsive Approach _ Regarding the Arabic Architecture studies of Saudi Arabia. Ventilation , Cooling and heating was achieved sustainably during hot summers and cold winters. The contemporary Arabic buildings using evaporative cooling systems that provide cooled and clean air in the interior spaces. That gives the opportunity to create realistic oasis with water fountains and trees in the different internal spaces.
Import and Export Existing Sea Port
Development over time _ The existing situation of the site, is dealing with desert environment (hot and dry climate). In the site there is a seaport that it will take an advantage of it and connected with the Eco-Aerotropolis masterplan. The purpose of the project is to create the largest hub in the North Site of the country, after the recent lifting economic sanctions.
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Masterplan Development _ Eco Aerotropolis _ Food Ecology _ Saudi Arabia’s Issue _ Agriculture Production _
Connect the Existing Rail Sysetm from Tabuk to Duba _
Only two per cent of land is arable in Saudi Arabia, and overgrazing and unsustainable agriculture practices are causing increasing rates of desertification. Despite limited natural resources and an arid climate, Saudi Arabia produces and exports dates, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry.
Water Food
Both the government and private sector are also expanding investment in aquaculture. Fish farms using both sea pens and onshore tanks are becoming increasingly prevalent as a source of food for Saudi citizens, and as an export product. Shrimp are one of the most successful fish to be farmed. Continued support and further development in the aquaculture industry will increase Saudi Arabian food security.
Energy
Farms_ The Eco Aerotropolis Development aims to improve and solve the issue of growing plants and food in a desert areas.
Desalination Infrastructure_
In Saudi Arabia, the summers are long and hot. From April through October, the average high hovers between 90 and 104 degrees Fahrenheit, and there's hardly ever a drop of rain. To meet the needs of a rapidly growing population, the oil-rich country must rely on imports for about 90% of its food. The Eco Aerotropolis concept ensured the food ecology improvement and could change the oil based economy to food based production.
Runway
Concept _ Remediate the desert _ Food Production _ Distribute the food in the Airport [micro level] _ Distribute the food production in Saudi Arabia [ mezzo Level] _ Distribute the food production in other countries _ [ macro level]
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Masterplan Development _ Eco Aerotropolis _ Social Ecology _
Food Supply [ Micro – Mezzo - Macro Level ]
Micro Level Agriculture Farms Supply _
Micro level _ Supply Food in the Eco Aerotropolis / Airlines & Port
Eco Aerotropolis _ Social Ecology
Farms / Jobs Creation
Aviation / Jobs Creation
N
Mezzo Level _ Supply Food in nearest Cities from Duba Port Area
Agriculture Farms in a Desert Environments
IS. Macro Level _ Supply Food in the Middle East and around countries _ world trade possibilities
Sinai
Tabuk
Duba Port
Living Solutions [ Macro ]
Extend the existing rail system
Use the existing Port
Al Rayan International Airport
New Development
Saudi Arabia_
Work Opportunities [ Micro – Mezzo – Macro Level ]
Distribute Food in Saudi’s Arabia Cities
ENVIRONMENT
Egypt Egypt
Key
New Development _ Eco Aerotropolis
World Trade [ Macro Level]
Air Cargo + Supply Airline Meals
Mezzo Level _ Inner Country Distribution Sudan Sudan
SOCIAL
ECONOMY
Erithrea
Macro level Agriculture Farms Supply _ New Challenge of Trade_
Eco Aerotropolis Development In the Existing site there is located a seaport that have existing trade system with Egypt , Sudan and Jordan. The Future development of Eco Aerotropolis it will give the opportunity of food production in desserts, that generates a futuristic opportunity to Saudi Arabia to adapt the food Economy in Micro , Mezzo and Macro level. Further , the new development it will create a new Social Eco – society that it will attract people to work, to invest and for leisure. Aviation development is vital for air cargo and also for connections of the Northwest site of Saudi with the remaining country.
Mezzo Level Agriculture Farms Supply _ Duba Eco Aerotropolis [ New Development ]
Air Cargo Existing Port
Jordan Jordan IS. Sinai
Duba Port
Iraq IS.
Ku. Sinai
Duba Port Al Rayan International Airport
Egypt
Al- Jawf Tabuk
Ha’ll
Al
Qassim Q..
Q..
Egypt
Madinah Egypt
Riyadh
Egypt
U.A.E
Key
Key New Development _ Eco Aerotropolis Macro Level _ World Trade _ Air Cargo [ New Aviation infrastructure _ Port [ Existing port (Duba Area) ]
N
Iran
Ku.
Northern Borders
Tabuk
Al Rayan International Airport
Iraq
Jordan
Eastern Province
Makkah Jeddah
New Development _ Eco Aerotropolis Sudan
Sudan
Mezzo Level _ Inner Country Distribution
Sudan
U.A.E
Oman
Asir
Sudan
Oman
Najran Jizzan
Erithrea Erithrea
Yemen
Erithrea
Yemen
08
Form and Function _ Airport Typology _ Linear Typology of 20 Gates International Airport. The modular design of the building gives the opportunity to the passengers to have easy access in their starting point of their trip experience. The Linear typology gives the opportunity to accommodate more airplanes but it takes longer to reach the end gates of the airport, so the plan strategy is to have entrances every three modular columns, so people can reach the Gate of their flight easier. A’
A’ ELEVATED ROADS _ CONNECTED WITH THE EXISTING HIGH WAY TRAIN HUB _ NEW TRAIN LINE CONNECT THE EXISTING TRAIN LINE OF TABUK WITH THE ECO AEROTROPOLIS 25 26
28
19 17
16
18
23
15
20
21
14 14
12
24
5 11
7
7
8
8
13
2 1
10 22
6
14
9
4 3
27 1. Train Hub [ Staff + Public ]
6. Lift Core
11. General Departures Lobby [ Retail ]
16. Departures Retail Area
21. Transit Area
26. Mashrabiya (Arabic Pattern
2. Elevated Road [ Public + Staff ]
7. Airport General Concourse [ Departure Level ]
12. General Departures Lobby Toilets
17. Gates [ passengers Departure Space ]
22. Staff Changing Areas
27. Pile Foundation
3. Service Line [ Staff + Long Term Car Parking ]
8. Airport Arrival General Concourse [ way to the Train Hub ]
13. Offices
18. Travellators + Disable Line
23. Vip Lounge
28. Coating Filters Curtain Walls
4. First Floor _ Arrivals
9. Long Term Car Parking
14. Staff Lifts
19. Connector Core with Air Side
24. Medical Center
5. Second Floor _ Departures
10. Retail Area [ Arrival Level ]
15. Escalators connected with Arrivals Level [ transits ]
20. Immigration office
25. Modular Concrete Componets
Form and Function Strategy _
1. http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/197404/the.magic.of.the.mashrabiyas.htm
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Cultural Realisation _ How does the form comes from? Arch Design Arches are one of the most distinctive features of Islamic architecture and are found in almost every type of building. Symbolically, they lead into an inner space. Islamic architects borrowed heavily from Greek and Roman designs for archways and door designs but then came up with a series of arch shapes over history that are distinctively Islamic. Islamic building also use arches to create colonnades lining the inner courtyards of both houses and mosques. The role of light in Arab architecture Light and colour categories are determinative for the language of traditional Arab architecture. In particular, they have their special history in Muslim culture and architecture. Light defines the space borders of Islamic architecture and reveals its geometrical precision and intellectual clarity. (Nasr, 2009).
Etfe Layers in the Roof
Expand
Prefab Concrete
“Mashrabiya” _ Arabic Patterns _ ". . . in its beauty is the reason why the magic. . . has outlived the reality.“ J,Feeney As the art improved the mashrabiya became fairly common in Arab cities. Mashrabiyas were introduced into mosques, often on a much larger scale, but serving the same purpose: filtering the intense sunlight flooding into the traditional courtyard and providing a cool shaded interior conducive to prayer and meditation.
Building Oasis_ “Charbagh” _ In paradise gardens, the water features used for cooling and irrigation are laid out in a geometric fashion called charbagh. The central fountain or pool of the charbagh symbolizes the giving and sustaining of life. The central location of water in paradise gardens, as well as in mosques and other Islamic architecture, reminds Muslims of the Quran’s teaching that man is simultaneously body, the physical life; soul, the self after death; and spirit, strength given by God.
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Passengers Experience Strategy _ 2nd Floor / Departure
The Departure Floor is located in the second floor with easy and comfortable flow for passengers. The access to the building is from the train hub and from the elevated road line. When a passenger arriving by the train (that is located in to the first floor, there are lifts and escalators to give the appropriate circulation to the passengers.
Departure
Automated Automated Retail / Harvest Check In Food Market Check In Bag Drop Restaurant Bag Drop
Gates
1st Floor / Arrivals Arrivals floor is located to the first floors of the building. By arriving there is an easy circulation to reach the exit. Automated Immigration control then the baggage system that deliver the bags via vertical core system from the ground floor (Service Line) When the passenger arrived in the exit they have the opportunity to get the train and go straight forward to Tabouk city center and to the other Saudi’s Arabia cities. Second option is to get bus or car via the ground floor. Reclaim Arrival Lounge
Automated Immigration Control
Unload De Boarding
Customs
Ground Floor / Service Line
The Ground floor level is mainly service line. In the ground floor located all the vertical cores that gives access to the staff, there are connected with security control all the entrances. Simultaneously There are a food storages and kitchens that staff prepare meal for the airlines (the food produce comes form the Eco aerotropolis farms).
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Form and Function _ Environmental Strategy _ Renewable Energy _
Noise Control _
The aim of Eco Aerotropolis is to be self Sustained. Regarding with the analysis of the future masterplan, the renewable energy is generated from the Eco Aerotropolis farms. Concentrated Solar Technology and Pv Cell panels supply electricity to the Airport building.
Planting tall trees close to the building creates shade and can act as noise barrier. In regards to tree size, it has been proven that noise reduction tends to increase with tree height up to 10-12m, after which it tends to decrease. The Palm trees are located around the building parametrical(see floor plan page 40). This is a result of lower branches dying and allowing sound to travel more easily. Noise reduction is correlated with the width of a belt of trees, meaning the wider it is the greater the noise reduction. A screen placed relatively close to a noise source is more effective than one placed close to the area to be protected.
WATER
Agriculture / Farms
LAND CITY
Ventilation _ Mechanical Ventilation is provided via the evaporative cooling system and the fun coil system. The building Ventilation it will be circulated in to the columns and will absorb and clean the air via the mechanism that will be located in the floor.
Natural Lighting _ Natural Lighting provided from the roof that located strategically ETFE material openings to gives an appropriate natural lighting into the interior of the building. It can be supplied as a single layer membrane supported by a cable net system or commonly as a series of pneumatic cushions made up of between two and five layers. The material is well suited for hot/dry climates where protection from sun and hail is desired.
AIR
z Water Pipes connected with Water Cool Chillers in the desalination centres (that are located in the farms, to bring water to the building for the evaporative system
Cooling _ The selected materials, of concrete structure has the ability of passive cooling in the building. Concrete The high thermal mass of concrete modular elements keeps the interior cool during the hot daytime and also during the colder night time it reduces the heat gained during the day. Greeting a more comfortable interior temperature.(Passive Cooling). Evaporative Cooling, It will be added to supply fresh air into the building. The water it will be supplied from the desalination farm from the Eco aerotropolis as it explained in the masterplan. It will be added a circulated system with small ducts (fan and evaporative pads from the roof to the internal. Further, might be needed a fun coil floor system to recycle the internal air.
z
Passengers Experience _ Interior Oasis _
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4T’s Framework Strategies _ [ 4T’s Framework ] The typology of the Al Rayan Airport is dealing with rationalised model that purposed to help to minimise and make the passengers flow more comfortable. By connecting the existing city’s infrastructures with the terminal.
[ Concrete Prefabricated Component with ETFE layers on the roof where is needed ]
daylight
Tabouk City
[ ETFE Layers ]
The tectonics of the building managed by the prefabricated concrete modular components, the other modular components (prefab curtain walls, prefab slab). However, aims to achieve easiest possible expansion. The Design generated from geometrical shape and pattern that is influenced from the Arabic culture. In terms of the structure of the building, the design methodology gives the opportunity to the building for expansion in different future scenarios.
daylight
daylight
daylight
The building is benefited to the temperate and warm environment the Etfe layers that located in the roof gives the appropriate daylight that the building needs. The Saudi Arabia desert Environemnt is hot and warm environment, and is adapted water cooled chillers in the floors for fresh air into the building.
1
Duba Port Area
.
2
A [ Prefabricated Concrete Modular
Component ]
[ ETFE manufactured material in some part in the roof, where is needed ] B
MODULAR COMPONENTS =
[ Post Tensioned Slabs]
Proposal Idea for Construction Method _ Modular Components
3
FLEXIILITY FOR EXPANSION C
[ Prefabricated Components of Curtain Wall ]
D
[ transport the components via the new train infrastructure connection ]
KEY 1. 2. 3. 4.
Typos Tectonics Tempus Topos _ Saudi Arabia / Tabouk Region E [ Assembly to the Site ]
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Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _ Structure Analysis _ Construction Sequence _ Structure _ Prefabricated Concrete Beam / Roof Primary Structure
Pile Foundation _ -
Provides a very sturdy frost protected foundation Followed grid system to provide stable foundation
Primary Structure _ - Prefabricated Concrete Components used to cast the primary structures of columns and beams based on the structural grid.
Internal Walls Secondary Structure
Prefabricated Concrete Components // Concrete Structure _ -
Manufactured off-site and delivered to site ready for erecting Modular Structure allows easier expansion on terminal in future Easier and quicker construction on site. Structural grid system allows the formwork to be used repeatedly for more cost efficiency construction.
Elevated Roads
Secondary Structure _ -Internal Walls / Services, underfloor services and ducting are placed; While internal partition wall fro ground floor are erected. -
Glass Faรงade / Internal Finishes_ Curtain Wall on the Exterior Faรงade is erected while all internal and external finishes are finished.
Tertiary Structure _ -
All the Internal Walls are connected with interior pattern walls. Security Machines (All the security
equipment consists international Aviation Security Standards in anticipation that increasing security restrictions. . -
Vertical Conveyors for baggage handing airport. Vertical Cores Baggage
Prefabricated Concrete Columns Primary Structure 2nd Floor Primary Structure
Prefabricated Modular Component Expand
1st Floor Primary Structure Vertical Conveyors for Baggage Handing Airport Tertiary Structure Ground Floor Primary Structure
Airport Baggage handling systems: from check-in to baggage reclaim. Vertical Conveyors for Baggage Handing Airport _
The Construction Methodology gives the opportunity for future airport expansion if needed.
Pile Foundation Primary Structure
Prefabricated Concrete Columns Primary Structure
Curtain Wall Secondary Structure
15
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _ Saudi Arabia’s Eco Aerotropolis _ Structure Analysis _
1 [ Site Preparation ]
2 [ Pile Foundation _ Primary Structure ]
SA Airport _ New Development
Duba Port Interested Site Desert Land
Duba Port Area Land
Grid System
Pile Foundation
3 [ Prefabricated Concrete Columns _ Primary Structure _ Grid System ]
4 [ Floor Slabs and Interior Walls ] Interior Walls
Interior Walls Prefabricated Concrete Columns
Prefabricated Concrete Columns
Pile Foundation Pile Foundation
5 [ Prefabricated Concrete beams (roof) with ETFE openings ] Prefabricated Concrete Component Roof / Prefabricated Concrete Beam
Ground Floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor Service Line Arrivals Departures
6 [ Glazing // Prefabricated Curtain Wall ]
Roof / Prefabricated Concrete Beam
Prefabricated Concrete Column
2nd Floor Departures st 1 Floor Arrivals Ground Floor Service Line
Pile Foundation Ground Floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor Service Line Arrivals Departures
Prefabricated Curtain Wall
Pile Foundation
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Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
A
A’
+24.35
29
+21,70
28 +16.20
z
15
16
13
14
11
12
13
8 7
17
18
20
19
5
22
20 21
18
6
3
7
9
23
23
2
zz
4
+11.00
+5.00
28 26
25
25
10
9
24
9
24
1
27
Section AA’ Part A Scale 1:300 /Scale to fit 1. Service Line
8. Check In – Self Automated Machines
15. Duty Free
22. Arrival Exit
2. Arrivals [ Exit ]
9. Vertical Conveyor for Baggage handing
16. Pedestrian Terminal Line way to Gate
23. Arrival Lobby
3. Departures [ Entrance ]
10. Trucks _ Lift the bags to the Planes
17. Immigration Control [ Arrival Line ]
24. Service Line Entrance
4. Way to Train Hub [ Elevated Train Line ]
11. Terminal Entrance
18. Cosmetics way to arrival
25. Plant Room
5. Lifts _ From Train to Airport Terminal
12. Security Control
19. Pedestrian Line – way to baggage
26. Service Truck Parking
6. Elevated Road Line
13. Oasis Atrium
20. Interior Oasis
27. Pile Foundation
7. General Departures Lobby
14. Pedestrian Terminal Line
21. Baggage Claim
28. Curtain Wall
Section AA’ Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
Apron Area
Airport Terminal _ 20 Gates
29. Modular Component _ Concrete Material
Elevated Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
Train Hub
Elevated Road and Train Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
+0.00
17
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
A
A’
+24.35
32
34
+16.20
33
40
39
38
z
31 37
41
42
35
30
37. Arrivals
31. Jet ways
38. Departures
32. Connective Core
39. Gates
33. Staircases form Departures leading to the Plane
40. Departures Area Passenger Rest rooms
34. Lifts that connect the passengers with plane
41. Travellators [ Arrivals ]
35. Administrative Area
42. Disable Line [ Arrivals ]
36. Service Line
43. Pedestrian Line [ Arrivals ]
44. Staff Service trucks
Section AA’ Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
Apron Area
Elevated Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
Airport Terminal _ 20 Gates
+5.00
44 +0.00
Section AA’ Part A Scale 1:300 /Scale to fit 30. Air Side
36
43
+11.00
Train Hub
Elevated Road and Train Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
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Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _ Prefabricate Concrete Components _
[ ETFE LAYES]
Manufacture Components _
The prefabricated columns will be made of concrete. In Saudi Arabia concrete material is not expensive because is local produced. As a part of the Saudi’s strategy to make Saudi Arabia a green city, starting from 1st April, all new buildings' construction should use 'green' concrete, the eco-friendly Supplementary Cementing Materials, SCMs, alternative for Ordinary Portland Cement. The concrete components will be prefabricated and delivered from Precast Company Damman City seven hours by the new infrastructure development (Train).
[ Prehab Concrete Components ] 2
[ Duba Aeroptropolis ] New Development
1
The concrete elements connected together with post tensioning thread bars.
4
[ transport the components via the new train infrastructure connection ]
[ Post tentioned slabs]
3
[ Saudi Precast Company] Damman City
Reinforced Concrete Prefabricated Modular Components _ Paving Slab
Precast Concrete Beam
Threaded Post- Tentioning Bars
ETFE Layer Water Proof Membrane Rood Insullation Concrete Deck Curtain Wall
Part 3 _ Reinforced Concrete Beam Assembly in the site
Madhrabyia_ Arabic Pattern Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component , Beam Column and Beam Fixings Threaded Post- Tentioning
Precast Concrete Column
Floor 2 _ Prefabricated Concrete Slab
Part 1 _ Reinforced Concrete, Prefabricated Column Assembly in the site
Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component _ Column 2ndFloor Slab Highly Service Floor
Floor 1 _ Prefabricated Concrete Slab Part 1 _ Reinforced Concrete, Prefabricated Column Assembly in the site
z
Column Fixings Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component Column Curtain Wall _ Filtering with Coating 1st Floor Slab Highly Service Floor Polythelyne Pipe Interior Concrete Wall _ Service Flor
Pile Foundation
Floor Slab Crushed Stone Pile Foundation Cast in the Site
Pile Cap Desert Sand
Pile Foundation
Passengers Experience Strategy _
19
Passengers Experience Strategy _
20
Passengers Experience Strategy _
21
Al Rayan Airport _ Mashrabiya
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Appendix 1 // Technical Booklet [ Floor Plans _ Sections _ Elevations ]
24
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
Ground Floor _ Service Floor Plan KEY: 7. Staff Parking 8. Changing Rooms 9. Rest Rooms 10. Staff Security Control 11. Tracks Security Control 12. Staff Security Control (way to arrivals and departure floors) 13. General Service Area 14. Rest Rooms
1. Public Square 2. Road Line _ Connected with the existing 3. Greenery 4. Airline Kitchens (connected with farms to get fresh food to prepare the Airline meals 5. Lifts & Escalators 6. Tracks and Staff cars way in
01
02
03
A
04
05
06
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08
09
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10
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15
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15. Vertical Baggage Handing Systems (connected with baggage reclaim area and check in area) 16. Way to Airside 17. Rest rooms 18. Workers Pray Rooms
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D
09
18
18
17
25
24
26
27
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29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
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39
40
41
42
16
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
51
50
55
54
57
56
59
58
60
61
62
63
18
15
09
09
09
17
64
65
67
66
18
09 18
13
13
13
12
17
11
12
11
I
08
08
04
J
10
K
11
07
11 05
05 06
05
04
10
11
M
06
06
07
06 05
O P R S
01 01
T W X
02
Y Z
68
17
12
12
53
16
14 15
52
16
16
14
13
G
N
23
15
F
L
22
14
09
09
E
H
21
16
B
09
20
16
16
C
19
18
03
Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
25
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
First Floor _ Arrival Floor Plan _ KEY: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Train Hub Elevated Road Line Greenery Pedestrian Line Lift & Staircase [ 3floor circulation ] 6. Arrival Exit 7. General Arrival Area 8. Open Plan Harvest Food Market Restaurant 9. Currency Exchange 10. Arrival Exit [ Way to General Arrival Area 01
02
03
04
05
06
07
21. Immigration Staff Offices 22. Disable Line 23. Travellators [ Arrivals Way to Immigration Control ] 24. Staff Lifts / Staircases and Staff Security Control 25. Staff offices 26. Airside
11. Information Area 12. Baggage Claim 13. Interior Oasis / Sitting Area 14. Passenger Rest Rooms 15. Duty Free Area 16. Automated Immigration control 17. Transit Area 18. Passengers toilets 19. Lifts & Staircases [ transit way to Departures ] 20. Transit Passengers Immigration Control 09
08
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
18
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
31
30
32
33
23 22
B
37
39
38
41
40
43
42
44
45
46
47
49
48
51
50
52
53
54
55
56
57
18
D
22
18
20
16
18
14
H
25
10
12 13 11
10
06
06
12
12
12
11
10 07
11
12
11 07
04
12
63
64
65
66
67
18
13 10 07
11
25
09
10 07
07 06
05
24
12
13
13
07
07
07
M
24
14
12
09
K L
62
17 21
15
24
J
61
16
21
I
60
19 17
G
59
20
19
E F
58
23
C
N
36
26
26
A
35
34
07 06 05
O P
01
R S
08
T W X
03
Y Z
02
02
First Floor Plan Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
68
26
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
Second Floor _ Departures Floor Plan KEY: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Train Hub _ Market Area Elevated Road Line Greenery Pedestrian Line Lift & Staircase [ 3floor circulation ] 6. Departures Level Entry 7. Automated Check In & Automated Bag Drop 8. Harvest Market Restaurants 9. Money Exchange/ Retail 10. Departures Entry (Way to Security Control) 01
02
03
04
05
06
07
11. Information Area 12. Automated Security Control 13. Interior oasis 14. Rest Rooms 15. Duty Free 16. Rest Rooms 17. Pray Rooms 18. Rest rooms 19. Lifts carried transit’s passengers 20. VIP Lounge 21. Ancillary Spaces ( Staff only) 09
08
11
10
12
13
14
15
22. Gates 23. Staff Lifts, Staircase (Fire Escapes) 24. Airside 25. Offices 26. General Concourse 27. Staff security
16
17
19
18
20
21
23
22
25
24
26
27
28
29
31
30
32
33
34
35
36
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40
41
43
42
44
45
46
47
49
48
51
50
52
53
54
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57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
67
66
68
24 A B
16
C
17
D
19
E
20
F
13
G
27
H I J
25
25
23
14
09
12 10
K
26
L
05
11
07
10 07
06
04 04
06
10
10 07
M N
15
21
05
O P
08 08
R S
01
T W X Y Z
03 02
Second Floor Plan Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
27
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
B
B’
+24.35
33 +21,70
32 +16.20
9
z
14
12
13
15
17
16
11
18
30 29
28
10
19
8
7
20 22
21 27
6
3
7
25
26
24
22
2
23
5
1
31
Section BB’ Part A Scale 1:300 /Scale to fit 1. Service Line
8. General Departures Lobby [ Retail ]
15. Arrival Gate Toilets
22. General Concourse
29. Administrative Areas
2. Arrivals [ Exit ]
9. General Departures Lobby Toilets
16. Transit Area
23. Service Line Entrance
30. Staff Toilets
3. Departures [ Entrance ]
10. Administrative [ Medical Center ]
17. Immigration Offices [ Staff Only]
24. Service Line
31. Pile Foundation
4. Way to Train Hub [ Elevated Train Line ]
11. Staff Lifts
18. Staff Lifts
25. Staff Parking
32. Curtain Wall
5. Lifts _ Fro Train to Airport
12. VIP Lounge
19. Offices
26. Staff Security Control
33. Modular Concrete Component
6. Elevated Road Line
13. Escalators
20. Arrival [ General Concourse ] Toilets
27. Staff Changing Areas
7. General Departures Lobby
14. Gates Toilets
21. Retail
28. Staff Lifts
Section BB’ Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit Section AA’ Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit Elevated Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
Apron Area
Airport Terminal _ 20 Gates
Train Hub
Elevated Road and Train Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
z
4
+11.00
+5.00
+0.00
28
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _
B
B’
+24.35
34
36
+16.20
41
40
35
42
31 33
39
32 37
43
44
38
39. Arrivals
33. Connective Bridge
40. Departures
34. Connective Core
41. Gates
35. Staircases form Departures leading to the Plane
42. Departures Retail Area
36. Lifts that connect the passengers with plane
43. Travellators [ Arrivals ]
37. Administrative Area
44. Disable Line [ Arrivals ]
38. Service Line
45. Pedestrian Line [ Arrivals ]
46. Staff Service trucks
Section BB’ Scale 1:2000 /Scale to fit
Apron Area
Elevated Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
Airport Terminal _ 20 Gates
Train Hub
+5.00
45 46
+0.00
Section BB’ Part A Scale 1:300 /Scale to fit 32. Air Side
z
+11.00
Elevated Road and Train Infrastructure Connected with the existing road
29
Realisation Strategy _ Tectonics _ Reinforced Concrete Prefabricated Modular Components _ Roof Strategy _ Scale 1:20
Paving Slab ETFE Layer Openings Roof Insulation
Water Proof Membrane
Concrete Deck
Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component , Beam
Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component , Beam Beam with Column fixings
Reinforced Concrete Prefab Component , Column
Appendix 2 // Ecological Diagram [ Cradle to Cradle _ Closed – Loop _ Ecological System ]
References: https:// http://www.i-sis.org.uk/closedLoopCircularEconomy.php
Environmental Strategy _ Eco Aerotropolis _ Cradle to Cradle _ Closed – Loop _ Ecological System _ The Ecology of the Eco - Aerotropolis is developed based on the principle of Cradle to Cradle (that is a biomimetic approach to the design of products and systems. It models human industry on natures processes viewing materials as nutrients circulating in healthy safe metabolism). The whole ecology system is close loop; Reducing the impacts on surroundings environments. Sustainability and self-sufficiency are the key principles in the development of Eco – Aerotropolis.
Fertilizer CO₂ Agriculture
Food Waste
Farms
Blackwater
Sewage Solar Energy
Solar Thermal
Social Aspect
oxygen
Photovoltaic
Food
[
] Duba Eco Aerotropolis Water Waste
Fresh Water Heat
Concentrated Solar Power
Jobs Living Model
General Waste Airport
Electricity Transport System
Hydrogen
Desalination Infrastructure
Water
Purification Sea Water
Greywater Tabouk City
Recycling
31
Bibliography
33
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