______________________________________________________
THE
OGenome PROJECT
Interview: DJ Short The OGenome Project Grow Reports (New ): Flo OG, Cookie Wreck Strain of the Month: Chernobyl by T.G.A. Plant photography
Cedar Grove Farms Greenman Organic Seeds “Carlito s Way” Sin City Seeds Plant the Land Rainman Farms Trichome Jungle Rare Dankness
GIVE A WAY
1 0 pack Greenman Organic Seeds
------------------------------------A Note from the editor: Welcome to Plant the Land; A publication for connoisseurs. Each month you can expect stunning photography, discover unique and traditional horticultural techniques, and read interviews and contributions from various individuals including seed breeders, growers, & hash-masters. You can look forward to our publication on the 1st of each month, found on http://www.PlanttheLand.com. Cultivation Techniques Plant Science Education Interviews with key figures like Subcool, Kyle Kushman, DJ Short, Scott of Rare Dankness, LaPlata Labs, etc..
Content: HD Photography Monthly Give-AWays Also Featuring: botany, breeding, & horticultural tips, & tricks.
#PlanttheLand #StrainOfTheMonth #Chernobyl is a hybrid of Train Wreck X Trinity X Jacks Cleaner X Space Queen. When I came out west I started on a Quest for the best Trainwreck cutting I could find. I was not impressed with the Arcata cutting as it was to tall to slow and too bi-sexual for my taste. I had written off this legendary strain until I came across an amazing plant discovered by Smokescreen. Found inside a bag, of Dank of the few seeds I found one female exhibited all the traits of the famous wreck without producing a single male stamen, even late into budding. The complex late coloring is a thing of beauty and the potency of this mother is epic. Extremely potent smoking just a few bowls is an adventure in repertory failure and flat lining your brain waves. We decided to combine this incredible female with the genetics of Jack the Ripper. Chernobyl can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors. Best way to grow is topped early and trained to stay as low as possible. Chernobyl gets huge outdoors. Flowering time for cannabis seeds is 8 - 9 weeks. Taste like Lime Slurpee or Sherbert and high is strong and pleasant, very good for pain relief without paranoia.
Subcool of TGA
2015 INTERVIEW: Plant the Land x DJ Short
D.J. Short & “the Blueberry” are both, in my opinion, house-hold names in the culture of cannabis; however, a relatively mysterious individual stands behind the seed bank and its cupwinning varieties. So who is DJ Short? Well Plant the Land has been gifted the rare opportunity to sit down with him to reveal the answers to some of the most common questions relating to, who many say, is the most significant cannabis breeder in American history. An immediate and common misconception follows DJ Short referring to his business title. To clarify, the "DJ" in DJ Short does not stand for “disc jockey” like many assume. In fact, the D and the J are initials, abbreviated for his first and middle name; Daniel John. "Short" is his writing alias. Living in the Pacific Northwest since a young adult, DJ Short began discreetly experimenting with indoor cannabis cultivation in 1973. Embedded in the height of the Nixon era and the pre-HID days, Short, like many growers prior to the late 70’s, grew only Sativa varieties, indoor, under fluorescent lighting. This method resulted in undesirable product needing certain attention. Later in the decade, around the time when the much more intense metal halide and high pressure sodium lights became available, DJ started working with some newly acquired and appropriately popular Afghani varieties, which shortened growth structure, increased density, and most importantly, decreased the flowering time. These Indica qualities, when bred with Sativas, allowed breeders to “lock in” the profiles they love from their favorite Sativas, while the Indicas added desirable growth patterns and sensible flowering durations. By 1989, after numerous crossings with a variety of indicas and sativas, Short ultimately established what was to be, the world famous Blueberry line.
Azure Haze Flo Grape Krush True Blueberry Vanilluna
Blue Moonshine
Original Blueberry
Cocoa Kush
F13
Flodica
Whitaker Blues
The Original Blueberry and many of DJ Short’s genetics are still winning cups today, and deservingly so. His genetics are spread so wide that there’s a good chance that most cannabis connoisseurs around the world have over-time, tasted at least a hint of something that DJ Short has created. We all know lots of information on the varieties that made DJ Short a household name, so let’s get to the exclusive interview with the man himself: PTL: It's nice to sit down with you DJ; we’re grateful and truly honored. As we begin 2015, the cannabis culture continues to explode, developing an increasing amount of entrepreneurs as each year passes. Among the many new companies, we've noticed a lot of seed banks taking root. Do you think these new, (primarily) F1 seed "producers" are desirable & necessary to help deepen cannabis’ gene pool or would you rather see seed breeders releasing F3's/F4's/IBL's/BX's etc.. DJ: Regarding 'new seed banks'--to each their own. Do I find them 'desirable and necessary'? No. What our cultural market needs most now is standards and standardization, pedigree, integrity. DNA testing will eventually sort much of this out. There is at least one, possibly other, cannabis genome project(s) going on now. Check out www.phylosbioscience.com
PTL: Being primarily from the Pacific Northwest and a proponent of legalization, what do you think of the creation and execution of Washington State's I-502 and Oregon's Measure 91? DJ: The course and impact of legalization remain to be seen, especially in Oregon. Hopes are high for things to at least be better than they were. Remember: "What price freedom? Constant vigilance." That's our job. My main question is still: "Why all the fuss over the safest substance known to human beings?" Why are we debating any concerns or regulations outside of common product/consumer safety, correct labeling (esp. re. dosages), truth in advertising, etc.?
PTL: We're assuming there's limited time and space in DJ Short’s garden for outsiders, but if you were to give another cannabis seed breeder a chance in your garden, which company(s) would it be and why?
DJ: Old Timers! "Time to come out of the woods and play!" Then it's best to let the Old Timers decide which youngsters they want/need to teach/work with. This model has worked well in our culture for some time.
PTL: Okay, last question for ya DJ; The famed Blueberry, Flo, Grape Krush, F13, etc.. are all blends of the finest cannabis genetics and surely keepers in any garden. However, if a reader was interested in hunting for the best of the original Blueberry, how many packs would you recommend they run and what are her favorite cultivation techniques? DJ: One pack. Keep clones of the best females, obviously, of which there should be at least two in a ten-pack of seeds. Make a small separate space to keep a male or two--two-foot t-5 in a two-foot space works great, flower the males isolated from the bud-room and collect the pollen. Carefully pollenate a few lower branches of your flowering females with a little paint brush or a q-tip, (all fans off during the pollination in the flower room, mist stray pollen off the area, etc.) and, Voila! up to a few hundred F-6 seeds to play with (in four to six weeks). The more males and females used, the more diversity to be witnessed in that F-6 generation. Plus, go light on the nutrients! My plants are very nute-sensitive especially during sprout/seedling stage.
Purchase authentic DJ Short genetics here
Garden Description: outdoor light-dep greenhouse Pacific Northwest Breeder: Scott @ Rare Dankness Variety: Flo OG # of seeds bought/grown: 5 Indica/Sativa/I. Dom/S. Dom/50.50: I.Dom Are these F1’s/F2’s/S1’s..etc..:f1 hybrid. Indoor/Outdoor/Greenhouse: Greenhouse Lighting: Sun Wattage: n/a Medium: Soil Fertilizing Method: Reds Premium from Miller Soils Carbs week 3 flower. Training Method: topped 3-4 times Flowering Time: 8-9 weeks Temperature/Humidity: 65°-90° / 50% Does this variety breed true; or grow uniform and predictable: uniform If this variety has various phenotypes, how many were found and please describe: Two were found this round. Pheno one was a big yielder with lower % THC & pheno 2 was more potent @ 19% THC and a colorful girl with sweet skunky pungent OG aroma. Any well-known/sought after phenos found: (i.e. Chernobyl’s “Golden Ticket”): n/a Was this variety easy to grow: easy Sensitive to over/under-feeding: not a picky eater Pest/Disease resistance: yes was resistant to PM/ Bud Rot.
Yield: 2.2 lbs dry bud Nug structure (1-loose 10- dense): 8 Overall Flower Appearance: 8.5-9 What does it smell like right off the plant: Sweet skunky Smell after cure: gets sweeter with age. What does it taste like right off the plant: Classic Colorado Flo OG flavor Taste after cure: very smooth- Sweet Skunky undertones.
Medicinal Effects: appetite stimulant/relaxing effect. Did you have any samples tested: yes THC/CBD %: 19% THC 0.03% CBD Overall Rating (1-weak /10-champion): 9 Is the best phenotype found an absolute keeper: yes Final notes about this variety: very strong healthy plant with above average resin production. Very frosty & colorful with dark purple almost black foliage from low morning temps with a sweet OG aroma that everyone loves. She is a good yielder and easy to grow.
Garden Description: 4x6 Breeder: Cannaventure Variety: Cookie Wreck # of seeds bought/grown: 10 Indica/Sativa/I. Dom/S. Dom/50.50: Hybrid; Girl Scout Cookies x Arcata Train Wreck BXII Are these F1’s/F2’s/S1’s..etc..: n/a Indoor/Outdoor/Greenhouse: Indoor Indoor Lighting: HPS Wattage: 2000 Medium: Roots Organic Fertilizing Method: Roots veg and bloom, sweet raw by Botanicare, bloombastic by atami, Oregonism xl by roots, clearex, then r o last two weeks Training Method: Topped and Scrog Flowering Time: 65 -75 Temperature/Humidity: 74/40% # of Phenotypes found: 3 Any well-known/sought after phenos found (i.e. Chernobyl’s “Golden Ticket”): I found three phenos all of them are extremely great dank and will be an eye catcher in your garden! The two phenos I flowered this run both were very similar - both get big golf ball nugs hard as rocks that have the one of a kind unique smell of gsc / Photo Credit: Carlito’s Way although I thought my other pheno smelt of play dough -the last pheno is “Cookie Wreck” CANNAVENTURE completely train wreck Dom which I think will be the best by far!
Was this variety easy to grow? she's a lovely plant and likes to be fed a lot, easy as pie to grow any pheno you get will blow your mind it's a must have for me! Pest/Disease Resistance: n/a Yield: 3-4 oz/plant Overall Flower Appearance: one of a kind talk about over whelmed with Trichomes hash makers dream! What does it smell like right off the plant: gsc- play dough -hard to describe unique Smell after cure: n/a What does it taste like right off the plant: old school funk Taste after cure: n/a Medicinal Effects: Did you have any samples tested: No THC/CBD%: n/a Overall Rating (1-weak /10-champion): 9.5 Final notes about this test run: I absolutely recommend this strain to anyone and everyone, she is such a lovely girl to grow and although the yields aren't very high the quality is above par, and it's truly one of kind, and you will not be disappointed.
Last month, we briefly covered the “OGenome Project”. We’re excited to publish our interview with Mitch Shanassa; cannabis author, entrepreneur, & co-host of the very popular Adam Dunn Show. Let’s hear what he had to say: PTL: So what is the OGenome Project and has something like this ever been attempted before? Mitch: The OGenome Project is the first genetic study of a closed, verified population in cannabis. I've heard of some other projects to analyze or map the cannabis genome, but in all the cases I'm Photo Credit: AdamDunnShow.com familiar with, they're sourcing a handful of common strains from dispensary shelves and identifying the strains by the shop's label. Our project differs in two very significant ways: first, we're analyzing a very specific and definitely related population (OG Kush and known-related phenotypes); second, we're providing all genetics from their original source, or a known and verified recipient from the original source. PTL: Why was OG the “chosen one” to pioneer such a project? Mitch: OG Kush was chosen for the project for a few reasons. The concept was purely utilitarian: the Adam Dunn Show embarked on a painstaking trail of investigative journalism to retrace the lineage of OG Kush, and when I posted the conclusions on Facebook, I was confronted with all sorts of counterclaims. Before long, the thread collectively concluded the only way to resolve the debate was a genetic test, and I started calling labs to see who we could work with.
PTL: Are you planning on any kind of event to announce the results of the OGenome Project? Mitch: We're talking about a big event sometime around the Cannabis Cup here in Denver in April. Ideally, we'll have a panel of experts smoke all the specimens and give their guesses as to which are the same and which are unique, and we'll compare those with the lab results in front of a live audience. If that doesn't work out, we'll definitely dedicate a very special edition of the Adam Dunn Show to it. PTL: Last one Mitch; do you anticipate testing other varieties in the future? And if so, who's next? Mitch: It sounds like this first round of tests may even sprawl out to include the Sour Diesel & Chemdog lines, and possibly even the controversial Girl Scout Cookies. If those don't make it in this round, I think the Cookies lines are a hot contender for the second testing panel.
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News, Rumors, Culture and Science at the Crossroads of Cannabis Culture and the Mainstream The weekly, two-hour show features hilarious and in-depth analysis and interviews from the horizon of the marijuana underground, featuring industry leaders in business, medicine, and law alongside the world's most foremost technical experts in the field of cannabis . http://www.Adamdunnshow.com
This is a custom cannabis/botany glossary to help you understand commonly used terms among growers and breeders. This will be updated frequently. Please send any correction suggestions to info@planttheland.com A.C. Hood / “Air cooled hood� Air is pushed or pulled through an enclosed reflector around a high intensity bulb to remove the heat generated by the bulb.
Active hydroponics systems: use a pump to supply the solution to the various cannabis plants on timed intervals. The solution is typically re-circulated throughout the system and the plants, which is the biggest difference between the management of the two systems. Flood and drain/Ebb n Flow, Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) are examples of active hydroponics systems.
Allele: is one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene or same genetic locus.
Angiosperms: are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure. (Cannabis, Hibiscus, Roses, Lavender, Tulips, etc.. are all flowering plants, and classified angiosperms.)
Annual: a plant that completes its life cycle and dies within one year.
Anther: pollen-bearing part of the stamen.
Apex: the tip; the point furthest from the point of attachment.
Asexual reproduction: reproduction that does not involve the gametes; i.e. vegetative reproduction (cloning). Aeroponics - is the process of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of soil or an aggregate medium (known as geoponics). The word "aeroponic" is derived from the Greek meanings of Aero- (air) and ponos (labour). Aeroponic culture differs from conventional hydroponics, aquaponics, and in-vitro (plant tissue culture) growing. Unlike hydroponics, which uses a liquid nutrient solution as a growing medium and essential minerals to sustain plant growth, aeroponics is conducted without a growing medium.
Blade: the lamina or flattened part of a leaf, excluding the stalk.
BHO - Butane Honey Oil. A method of extracting the trichomes from plant matter. Butane gas strips the trichomes from the plant matter, and collects on a dish. The butane is evaporated away, leaving a very high potency oil.
BX/Backcross: a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. Backcrossed hybrids are sometimes described with acronym "BX", for example, an F1 hybrid crossed with one of its parents (or a genetically similar individual) can be termed a BX1 hybrid, and a further cross of the BX1 hybrid to the same parent (or a genetically similar individual) produces a BX2 hybrid. (P1 x P2 = F1) (F1 x F1= F2) (F2 x P1 = BX1) (BX1 x P1= BX2)
Calyx - The round outer portion of the plants bud.
Canopy: in cannabis gardening, the canopy is usually defined as the top portion/area of your cannabis garden.
Capitate: with knob-like head; of an inflorescence, with the flowers unstalked and aggregated into a dense cluster; of a stigma, like the head of a pin.
Carbon filter - A method of deodorizing air coming from or inside a growroom, by passing the air through a layer of activated carbon that absorbs and eliminates odors.
Carpel: is a female reproductive structure of a plant consisting of the Stigma, Style, & Ovary.
CFL/Compact Fluorescent Light - A fluorescent light about the size of a standard incandescent light bulb that can be used in any standard light socket. Used most often for starting seeds, clones, and in micro grow applications. Note that the wattage to go by is the actual wattage, not the equivalent wattage ie, a 42 watt CFL that says equivalent to 150 watt incandescent would be counted as 42 watts, not 150.
Chelates: The word chelate is derived from the Greek word for “claw�. In fertilizer technology, it refers to inorganic nutrients that are enclosed by an organic molecule.
CHELATION in soil increases nutrient availability to plants. Organic substances in the soil either applied or produced by plants or microorganisms are the natural chelating agents. The most important substances having this nature are Hydroxamate Siderophores, Organic Acids and Amino Acids.
Chlorophyll: a green pigment in chloroplasts, essential for photosynthesis.
CO2/Carbon Dioxide: is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of 2 oxygen atoms each covalently double bonded to a single carbon atom. Plants take in CO through pores, called stomata, in their leaves during daylight hours. They give off oxygen at the same time, the results of a process called photosynthesis. When supplemented with CO2, photosynthesis is increased and therefore, the plants growth rate increases as long as all other limiting factors have been met.
Coco/coir: similar to soilless, utilizing the inside layer and hairy bark of coconuts as the growing medium.
Cool tube - Air is drawn through a glass tube that surrounds a high intensity bulb to remove the heat generated by the bulb.
Cotyledons: primary leaf or leaves of an embryo, also known as seed leaves.
Curing- preparing the buds for long term storage by allowing them to “age” in an area that equalizes the moisture in the bud.
Cutting/Clone: a branch or shoot of a plant that has been removed and rooted independently, producing a new plant with the exact physical characteristics of the original plant (aka the mother).
Dicots/Dicotyledons: a flowering plant whose embryo has two (or rarely more) cotyledons or “seed leaves.”
Dioecious: species that have the male and female reproductive structures on separate plants. Cannabis is primarily dioecious, meaning unless the plant is hermaphroditic; the plant will be either entirely male or female.
Diploid: with two full sets of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell; having two complements of haploid chromosomes, that are the two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each of the parental gamete. This is expressed symbolically as 2n, where n = the gamete number of chromosomes.
Dominance: in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which one allele is expressed over a second allele at the same locus. The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive. In genetics, when one allele is dominant to another, the oldest convention is to symbolize the dominant allele with a capital letter. The recessive allele is assigned the same letter in lower case. (Rr) In complete dominance, the effect of one allele in a heterozygous genotype completely masks the effect of the other. The allele that masks the other is said to be dominant to the latter, and the allele that is masked is said to be recessive to the former.
Deep Water Culture: A style of hydroponic growing that utilizes a deep reservoir of nutrient aerated by an airstone. Generally the reservoir is a five gallon bucket. The plant rests in a netted pot, filled with hydroton or another inert media. The roots grow through the netted pot into the nutrients below, allowing for very large root systems. RDWC connects the buckets in a continuous system with a pump and an additional reservoir, known as a recirculating DWC.
Ebb and Flow. A hydroponic style of gardening that utilizes tables a shallow pan or table for the plants and medium, and a separate reservoir of nutrient solution. Using a pump connected to a timer, the nutrient solution is pumped into the table until it fills, and then allowed to drain. The "flood" of nutrients soaks the roots and wicks in to the medium, then 'ebbs' back into the reservoir, allowing the roots a chance to dry out and breathe.
E.C./Electrical Conductivity : the measurement of the amount of nutrients in a solution. (May be expressed in multiple values (PPM, TDS, EC - consult your meters manual)
Embryo: a young plant contained by a seed.
Endosperm: a nutritive tissue in a seed.
F1, F2, F3 Generations: the “F� in this term refers to which filial generation the offspring resulted from crossing two different parents. P1 x P2 = F1
F1 x F1 = F2 F2 x F2 = F3 F3 x F3 = F4 F4 x P1 = BX1
Family: a formal group of one or more genera with features and/or ancestry in common; the term for the principal rank between order and genus.
Feminized Seeds: are seeds that have been created through various methods (usually STS or over-flowering) without the use of (actual) male pollen. A female is sprayed with the STS, shortly afterwards, the female will usually put out pollen which is collected and re-applied to another female to create the first generation of feminized seeds. This results in seeds without male DNA. (XXxXX vs XXxXY) When these seeds are flowered, they should be all female plants. However, feminized seeds are generally seen as more prone to become hermaphrodites because the process used to feminize the line surfaces a hermaphroditic gene.
Fertilizer: is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soils or to plant tissues (usually leaves) to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants.
Fertilization: a term representing the union of male and female gametes.
FIM Technique: stands for 'fuck I missed'. FIM refers to the attempt to cut the growth shoot of a plant so that it grows into multiple branches instead of one. The phrase comes from how easy it is to miss the tiny growth shoot.
Filament: the stalk of a stamen
Flushing - the process of removing nutrients from your plants. In soil this is achieved by running plain water through the soil (usually double your soil volume). In hydro, it is achieved by removing the nutrient solution and replacing it with plain water.
Foliar Feeding: an application of a nutrient solution to the leaves and above ground portions of the plant, as opposed to the roots. Foliar feeding should not be done while the plant is exposed to high intensity light, as the drops can act as magnifying glasses and burn the leaves.
Genus: a group of one or more species with features or ancestry (or both) in common. Genus is the principal category of taxa intermediate in rank between family and species in the nomenclatural hierarchy.
Gamete: a cell or nucleus that fuses with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction.
Gene pool: the range of genetic variation found in a population.
Genotype: the genotype of a cannabis plant (any organism) is the inherited map it carries within its genetic code. Not all cannabis plants with the same genotype look or act the same way because appearance and behavior are modified by environmental and developmental conditions. Likewise, not all cannabis plants that look alike necessarily have the same genotype.
Germination: of seeds, describes the complex sequence of physiological and structural changes that occur from resting to growth stage. Germination occurs when the “sleeping” seed encounters moisture, which consequently starts the growth process.
GPH/Gallons per hour: the rating of a pumps capacity to move water. Check the pump information carefully, as the GPH falls as your distance from the pump increases.
Gymnosperm: a seed-bearing plant with ovules born on the surface of a sporophyll; includes, among others, conifers, Ginkgo, Gnetum and cycads. Gymnosperm translates to “naked seed.” (Conifers, Ferns, etc.. do not produce flowers, produce naked seeds, and are classified as gymnosperms.)
Hand pollination: the controlled act of pollination. I.e. -Using a Q-tip or a paint brush to apply male pollen to a female’s flowers instead of Open-Air-Pollination.
Herbaceous: not woody; usually green, and soft in texture.
Hermaphrodite: the word is used in botany to describe a flower that has both staminate (male, pollen-producing) and carpellate (female, ovule-producing) parts. Cannabis is primarily a dioecious plant, bearing either male or female reproductive organs only, unless the plant hermaphrodites, which consequently produces both male and female organs on the same plant.
Heterozygous: if the two alleles are different, the organism is a heterozygote and is heterozygous
Homozygous: if two alleles of a given gene are identical, the organism is called a homozygote and is said to be homozygous with respect to that gene.
Host: in botany, a host plant is one that supplies food resources and substrate for certain insects.
HPS/High Pressure Sodium. A type of high intensity lamp used for growing plants indoors. The lamps give off an orange light, often thought to simulate late summer and fall sun. Generally used for flowering plants, but can be used during vegetative growth as well.
Hybrid: a plant produced by the crossing of parents belonging to two different named groups, e.g. genera, species, varieties, subspecies, forma and so on; i.e. the progeny resulting within and between two different plants. An F1 hybrid is the primary product of such a cross. An F2 hybrid is a plant arising from a cross between two F1 hybrids (or from the self-pollination of an F1 hybrid).
Hybrid Vigor/Heterosis: is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring exhibits heterosis if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. These effects can be due to Mendelian or non-Mendelian inheritance.
Hydroponics: a method of growing that does not rely on a nutritional substrate such as soil. All the nutrition that a plant would normally obtain from the soil is mixed into water in certain concentrations to allow for maximum growth. The plant gets all of the nutrients it needs to grow from the water solution.
Inbreeding: the production of offspring between closely related parents leading to a high degree of similarity; self-fertilization is the most intense form of inbreeding.
IBL/Inbred Line : a genetic line that has been stabilized through inbreeding to consistently produce plants with uniform traits. (Parents -Female x Male) P1 x P2 = (Progeny) F1‌..F1 (female) x F1 (male) = F2‌.F2 x F2 = F3. F4 x F4 = F5 etc..
Indica - A type of cannabis that is usually associated with shorter, squatter plants with shorter flowering periods. Indicas are usually associated with a narcotic body stone.
Indigenous: native to the area, not introduced.
Inert: to be inert is to be in a state of doing little or nothing.
Inflorescence: several flowers closely grouped together to form an efficient structured unit; the grouping or arrangement of flowers on a plant. Internode: the portion of a stem between two nodes.
ISO - Isopropyl alcohol. Used to extract trichomes from plant matter. The Isopopyl alcohol strips the trichomes from the plant matter, and is then evaporated away, leaving a high potency oil.
Kingdom: the highest generally employed category of the taxonomic hierarchy, above that of division (phylum). Leaf: an outgrowth of a stem, usually flat and green; its main function is food manufacture by photosynthesis
Landrace - A genetic line of plants that occurs naturally within a given region, without human influence on their characteristics.
L.E.D./Light emitting diode: is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a basic pn-junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.
LST/Low Stress Training - A method of growing that slowly trains the plant to a specific height or shape. The training usually starts young by tying down the branches and growth shoots.
Lumens: is the SI derived unit of luminous flux, a measure of the total "amount" of visible light emitted by a source.
Lux: is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance, measuring luminous flux per unit area. It is equal to one lumen per square meter.
Mendelian genetics: is inheritance of biological features that follows the laws proposed by Gregor Johann Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.
Mendel's Laws of Inheritance Law of Segregation: During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene. Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes. Law of Dominance: Some alleles are dominant while others are recessive; an organism with at least one dominant allele will display the effect of the dominant allele.
Limiting Factors: In no particular order, Lights, Water and O2, Nutrients, Temperature, Humidity, & CO2 are considered to be the limiting factors that determine a plants growth rate. If one or more of these limiting factors are imperfect, it will ultimately diminish the plants full potential.
Meristem: an actively dividing tissue. (Apital meristem: growth tip)
MH/Metal Halide: a type of high intensity lamp used for growing indoors. The lamps give off a whitish blue light, assumed to simulate the spring and early summer sun. Generally used for vegetating plants, but can be used during flowering as well.
Medium/Media: a collection of organic/inorganic materials which provides a suitable home for a seedling or cutting to grow in. (hydroton, coco, pro-mix, peat, etc… are examples of media.)
Monocots/Monocotyledon: a flowering plant whose embryo has one cotyledon or seed leaf.
Monoecious: where the male and female reproductive structures are in separate flowers but on the same plant.
Mutation: an abrupt and inexplicable variation from the norm, such as the “doubling up” in flowers, changes in color, or habit of growth.
Mycorrhizae: are beneficial fungi that penetrate the roots of most plants in nature. This symbiotic relationship is beneficial in that the plant provides sugars to the fungi, and the fungi enhance nutrient uptake for the plant. There are two major groups of mycorrhizae: ectomycorrhyzae and endomychorrhizae. The 'ectos' do not actually penetrate the cells of the roots, but are found between the intercellular spaces. Ectos have been found to be able to utilize a range of organic compounds such as proteins, peptides and amino acids. However, these fungi are restricted to coniferous tree species (gymnosperms) and Ericacious (heath/ bog) species where soil breakdown of amino acids is minimal.
Neem oil: a broad spectrum botanical insecticide, miticide, and fungicide treatment derived from the seeds of the neem tree.
NFT /Nutrient Film Technique: a hydroponic method growing that allows a thin trickle or 'film' of nutrient solution to constantly pass of the roots to provide nourishment, but not so much that the roots cannot breathe.
Node: the location on a plant where branches and new growth are produced.
NPK: expresses the amounts of (N)nitrogen, (P)phosphorus, and (K) potassium in the fertilizer/soil.
Nutrient overdose/deficiency: plants can be prone to nutrient toxicities/deficiencies if you’re measurements aren’t ideal based on the plants age. Assumingly so, young cannabis plants, depending on the variety, desire a lighter feed than middle-aged to older plants. All plants require a specific range of macro nutrients, secondary nutrients, and trace-elements to sustain optimal growth.
Order: a group of one or more families sharing common features, ancestry, or both.
Organic Nutrients: are developed from naturally occurring substances.
Ovary: the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, enclosing the ovule(s).
Ovule: a structure in a seed plant within which one or more megaspores are formed, after fertilization it develops into a seed.
P1: the “P1” term describes the parents, usually of two different varieties used in breeding programs to create a new hybrid, the offspring will now be labeled as F1’s.
pH – Acidic/Alkaloid level of a nutrient solution or soil. 0-6 (Acidic) 7 (Neutral) 8-14 (Basic).
Parasite: an organism living on or in a different organism, from which it derives nourishment.
Parasitism: is a non-mutual symbiotic relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host.
Passive hydroponics systems: is a method of growing plants without soil, peat moss, or bark. Instead an inert porous medium transports water and fertilizer to the roots by capillary action. Water and fertilizer are held in a reservoir and conducted to the roots as necessary, reducing labor and providing a constant supply of water to the roots. In the simplest method, the pot sits in a shallow solution of fertilizer and water or on a capillary mat saturated with nutrient solution. “Pot culture” is passive hydroponics at its simplest.
Pheno/phenotype - Certain unique characteristics of a plant that set it aside from other plants of the same genes. Plants grown from the same seed stock often show unique characteristics like smell, coloring, and flavor.
Perennial: a plant whose life span extends over several years.
Perlite: an amendment often added to peat, coco, & other various soil mixes to add aeration and water retention to the medium without affecting the pH or E.C.
Petal: in a flower, one of the segments or divisions of the inner whorl of non-fertile parts surrounding the fertile organs, usually soft and conspicuously colored.
Petiole: the stalk of a leaf.
Photosynthesis: the process by which sugars are made from carbon dioxide and water in cells containing chloroplasts; the chemical energy required from solar energy in the presence of the pigment chlorophyll.
Pistil: -a single carpel when the carpels are free. -a group of carpels when the carpels are united by the fusion of their walls.
Pollen: a powdery mass shed from anthers (of angiosperms) or microsporangia (of gymnosperms); the microspores of seed plants.
Pollination: the transfer of pollen from the male organ (anther) to the receptive region of a female organ (stigma).
P.M./Powdery Mildew: a fungus that attacks plants identifiable as a powdery film on the surface.
PPM Parts Per Million - Measurement of the amount of nutrients in a solution. (May be expressed in multiple values (PPM, TDS, EC - consult your meters manual)
Radicle: the part of an embryo giving rise to the root system of a plant.
Rhizome: a perennial underground stem usually growing horizontally.
Rhizosphere: is the narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms
Root: a unit of a plant's axial system which is usually underground, does not bear leaves, tends to grow downwards, and is typically derived from the radicle of the embryo.
Root hairs: outgrowths of the outermost layer of cells just behind the root tips, functioning as water-absorbing organs.
Revegging: returning a plant to a vegetative state after it has begun flowering. Normally used in reference to a plant that has completed its flowering cycle and been harvested, but can also refer to a clone that was taken from a flowering mother. Generally, revegging is used to preserve genetics after harvest.
R/O or RO water - Water that has been filtered of impurities by the Reverse Osmosis method.
RW rockwool - A growing medium that comes in cubes or slabs, easily identifiable by its green color.
RW rockwool - A growing medium that comes in cubes or slabs, easily identifiable by its green color.
Sativa - A type of cannabis that is usually associated with taller plants and longer flowering periods. Sativas are usually associated with an up, energetic head high.
Scale: a reduced or rudimentary leaf, for example a leaf or group of reduced/rudimentary leaves around a bud.
ScrOG - Screen of green. A method that utilizes fewer plants trained to grow along a screen to insure all budsites get equal light. Normally grown plants will generally develop one or two main colas at the top of the plant, smaller buds on the sides, and 'popcorn*', or very small buds on the bottom.
Scrubber aka carbon scrubber Used to control odor, carbon is packed in a porous layer between around a central core. Air is either drawn or pushed through the carbon. The micron sized pores in the carbon, combined with a slight charge, trap odor molecules, bacteria, and other particles inside the carbon. the air is literally scrubbed clean by being forced through the carbon.
Seed: a ripened ovule, consisting of a protective coat enclosing an embryo and food reserves; a propagating organ formed in the sexual reproductive cycle of gymnosperms and angiosperms
Selective (plant) breeding: or artificial selection is the process by which humans begin to breed plants for particular traits.
Self-pollination: also called selfing, is the acceptance by stigmas of pollen from the same flower or from flowers on the same plant, which means they are self-compatible. (S1)
Shoot: is usually the aerial part of a plant; a stem including its dependent parts, leaves, & flowers etc.
Slab - one meter of grow medium, usually referencing rock-wool or coco coir.
SoG - Sea of Green. A method of growing that uses several small plants as compared to fewer large ones. The plants are kept small, and encouraged to grow only one main cola. This allows more plants to be grown in the same area. The phrase comes from the impression you get from looking at a garden grown this way, ie just a sea of green buds. Also known as the plantlet method.
Soilless - A Hydroponic method that utilizes pots like a standard soil garden, which can be handwatered or utilize a standard soil irrigation system. The pots are filled with inert medium, usually a mixture of perlite and vermiculite that retains water much like soil. However, all nutrients come in the hydroponic solution, there are none stored in the medium, as in soil.
Species: a group, or populations of individuals, sharing common features and/or ancestry, generally the smallest group that can be readily and consistently recognized; often, a group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. The species category is the basic unit of classification, the category of taxa of the lowest principal rank in the nomenclatural hierarchy.
Spider mites - Spider mites are members of the Acari (mite) family Tetranychidae, which includes about 1,200 species. They generally live on the undersides of leaves of plants, where they may spin protective silk webs, and they can cause damage by puncturing the plant cells to feed. Spider mites are known to feed on several hundred species of plants, and cannabis is no exception. They’re one of the most feared infestations among cannabis gardeners.
Stabilization: is a type of natural/artificial selection in which genetic diversity decreases and the population average stabilizes on a particular, uniform trait value.
Stamen: the male organ of a flower, consisting (usually) of a stalk (filament) and a pollen-bearing portion (anther).
Stoma/stomata: a pore; a small hole in the surface of a leaf (or other aerial organ) allowing the exchange of gases between tissues and the atmosphere. A significant role of the stomata is for respiration and transpiration. The collection of CO2, the release of excess water vapor, and other gases.
Style: an elongated part of a carpel, or group of fused carpels, between the ovary and the stigma.
Super-cropping A method of growing where the stem hurd is lightly crushed, forcing the plant to make new pathways that can result in a higher yield.
Taproot: the main, descending root of a plant with a single dominant root axis.
Terpenes: are a large and diverse class of organic compounds, produced by a variety of plants, though also by some insects.They are often strong-smelling. They may protect the plants that produce them by deterring herbivores and by attracting predators and parasites of herbivores. Many terpenes are aromatic hydrocarbons and thus may have had a protective function. The difference between terpenes and terpenoids is that terpenes are hydrocarbons, whereas terpenoids contain additional functional groups. They are the major components of resin, and of turpentine produced from resin. The name "terpene" is derived from the word "turpentine".
True breeding: in cannais horticulture, is a line of cannabis genetics that always passes down a certain phenotypic trait to its offspring. A variety is referred to as true breeding for each trait to which this applies, and the term "true breeding" is also used to describe individual genetic traits. In Mendelian genetics, this means that an organism must be homozygous for every trait for which it is considered true breeding.
TDS Total Dissolved Solids - Measurement of the amount of nutrients in a solution. (May be expressed in multiple values (PPM, TDS, EC - consult your meters manual)
Topping: Pruning the plant by cutting off the top to encourage lateral branching.
Trichome - a structure on the skin of plant that contains the THC and other desirable cannabinoids found in cannabis, like terpenoids and flavonoids.
Vermiculite: an organic amendment that creates air channels and allows the soil mix to breathe. Mixing vermiculite in flower and vegetable gardens or in potted plants will provide the necessary air to maintain vigorous plant growth. Where soils are sandy, mixing of vermiculite into the soil will allow the soil to hold water and air needed for growth.
Zygote: a fertilized cell.