Atari User Magazine Vol 1 Issue 06 by Paul Rixon

fir

;

3:3

A Database Publication

v,’

,«I '

‘

it?

£3?

”

,13.125;

”if

‘-

_.?;.V;—V"':'~'

f«s

TRAMIEL-

45:17».

35.-

l“; “Jaw

£1

the

ii;

f???ggii as?

, 1

your

‘

‘mf’i‘éftx

' 4

‘1

’

a' I s

59"?

in,

’_

5,1

V\\k

' \ .

3“

All???

, ,

,, '

essnona

.‘

'=4

$521»

Q‘“\~:~§5§\<§‘

~§

—

*\‘§»§‘m§§§:‘

*;-‘

~ f

, _

Exa

may

;

' ,

1,3 "a,

«s

Eggs gag-sag

xafwt?‘aw

: 2} Sn,» ’~:‘“»~%‘°t§$i§* 32m“? ini,-;f*‘:.~~;°£§i*;:

aw"

QM‘Q‘Z’} a

t?“

"m." 3

‘*»'

* ‘ ,

?“*‘*%%w§t»

£5,125?“

‘

FAST way

if:

po t en t' la l

ine memory

"‘~‘--

424,

sh”)

Try your

74 1: «47A;

'—.

$372.”

Q -

/-°

‘

graphlcs

a ,,

myth

—

The man 4&4“

October 1985

V:-

,-‘?‘,,s~,;'“

Vol. lNo.6

‘

i’

o 0 ’<

0°

I11

‘é .

’ .,.

‘

if,

‘

iii

‘

The only way to make full use of ATARI USER is to become one. And the easiest way to do that is with ATARI Personal Computer Packs. There isn’t a better way to get into computers. ‘Q There isn’t a more comprehensive starter pack. Only ATARI could give you a 64 Ram memory, cas— sette ‘soundthrough’ capabilities, a maximum of 256 colours on the screen at one time and 4 ‘sound’ voices.

‘i;

Packlz

‘

BOOXL; 1050

D|sl<

Drive;

DemonstrationSoftware.2325.gghsNhgraszJceo’stnggjggi

A ATARI BUDXL PEHSD

AIARI

USER,

HERE.)

S I OP \:¢:

A choice of a 1050 Disk Drive ora 1010 Cassette Programmer

Recorder and additional software. No one else could otteryou all this power at these prices. And, as everything comes together, you can make the most ot the unbeatable ATARI 800XL straight away. Without doubt, ATARI Personal Computer Packs are the easiest way to get into computers. The only ditticulty is deciding which one. Now read on.

N H L com pUTER PHCKS

“‘

gist"

‘

{f?s?igk

04/9

T“, \\\

TEQTST

sci: “W

”5?

0/4? ,

‘fxéj?ei?gjgggf?q44sz

”WWW/(f

“My?” Twwm

??'l‘m ?ux

Pack 9: 800XL; “L 1010Cassette Programme Recorder; Invrtation to Programming:Pole Posrtion: Demonstration Software. 21 2999. (Normal cost £194.96).

--.-..,,\o_

isiiihliéill wees

——r—s

”3.

“

still?“

“may" w’“ L15351¥°?L_L5

Iii-Ems“):

tiff.

News

W J? Unlock

‘

;

Read

£33

. _

“ '

graphics

potential

“is "I“;eeoigée” '

No.6

operating

4 ATARI USER

'A ’

‘

f‘

fpv'f v,

‘

‘.

,%///%’//

then pit your Wits aga inst this fast-dealing Pontoon game.

§\‘

88 em

§?

,\/'

'@E W '

bl er

The latest updates for Atari 6502 RAW assembler“

User’s

/ i

=.‘::"_'.L.‘:.~9 ...i.,__

card—sharp

J‘s

“3Q

_— —

Game

'f you fancy ————-—-_‘“ ==1::'-.-'='..-" your Chances as

Eire (Sterling only) Rest of world (surface) Rest of world (airmail)

October 7985

£1;2_'Es;°s'

'I'I.--.i l,i————i,l i ""----“i‘ 11.3“; i

"Atari User” welcomes program listings and articles for publication. Material should be typed or computer—printed, and preferably double—spaced. Program listings should be accompanied by cassette tape or disc. Please enclose a stamped, self—addressed envelope, otherwise the return of material cannot be guaranteed. Contributions accepted for publication by Database Publications Ltd will be on an all-rights basis. a 1985 Database Publications Ltd. No material may be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission. While every care is taken, the publishers cannot be held legally responsible for any errors in articles, listings or advertisements. ”A tari User" is an independent publication and Atari Corp Ltd are not responsible for any of the articles in this (UK) Issue orforany ofthe opinions expressed. News trade distribution: Europress Sales and Distribution Limited, 11 Brighton Road, Crawley, West Sussex RH 0 SAP. Tel: 0293 27053.

n m en

Subscription rates for "on free:

—

Vi ro

£40

e n

which the 68000 presents to the user.

’“"""‘°" ”l" Database Publications Ltd, Europa House ’ 68 Chester Road, Hazel Grove, Stockport SK7 SNY.

—

Cook explores the

Mike

Editorial: 061-456 8835 Administration: 061-456 8383 Advertising: 061—456 8500 Subscriptions: 061—4800173 Telecom Gold: 79:MAG001 Telex: 265871 MONREF G Quoting Ref. 79:MAGOOl Prestel Mailbox: 614568383

—

‘

A|!_.-_EEE!!._

Hardware

Roland Waddilove André Willey Peter Glover Heather Sheldrick Mike Cowley John Riding John Snowden Peter Bremeld

’

“

TechnicalEditor: Production Editor: LayoutDesign: News editor: dvertisement Manager: Advertising Sales: Editorin Chief:

E20

The first ST book to hit the book—stalls is on special offer this month.

?gggngg‘x'ds

£15

it. All the latest the world of Atari

’

Octoberk13'85k ea in Dere ManagingEditor: Features Editors: Cliff McKnight Mike Bibby Editorial Team: Aian McLachlan

FWSt Edition

about

Vol.

all

developments computing.

Utlllty Extend your Atari toolkit With Roland Waddilove’s hexadecimal/Ascii memory d “mp U“T”V-

’

‘k

‘O “J“

Graphics D ave Russell gets to grips With Mode 8 with some colourful results. -

Game

—

‘

Timothy Harrington's Wraptrap game

/t‘

}’

‘

s‘ A ?‘

‘?/ W ’/’

-.'

\\.

mg”??'_}

will have you tied in knots.

Software

‘

The long—awaited Rescue on Fractalus is featured this month, along with A Day at the Races and Strip Poker.

Beginners

\ \\ \h\''\\ \A \\l\\ \\\-:~ \

Are you

lé/lonet (brlaPComputer\

\\\‘\

UOTStah eh arrtisezzintst?tscefts

with Stephen Williamson's painting program.

2'-

"VJ-”M ’

__\/,?\ "

$99

WfN-l

K'?. .{\$‘\!\_\\”//

Contest

There's a 13OXE super bundle up for grabs, and all you have to do is. read the rest of this magazme. .

\ ‘

‘

C >\ ‘6‘_D<:.,:. ‘

—4’/

,9f-

/ ?

dventuring

Brillig's beady eye turns

the

incredible lnfocom range.

’

°~.

5'. If}.

,§i131/g ?fe?

Display List

‘

C>~

37°

Utility

Use that extra memory as a RAM—disc with the aid of Michael King's handy program.

130 XE

”Q5 \ 04'

i};

micro

“94;

This month Mike Bibby goes loopy as he continues to take the brain—ache out of Basnc programming.

‘

Canvas

MicroLink

‘

"“

This month's update on news from Britain's electronic mail service.

Page flipping and smooth vertical scrolling get the Mike Rowe treatment this month.

ThlS could be where YOU feature— but not if you haven’t written to us!

Bit Wise Say,just who isthat masked stranger? It must be Mike Bibby with more binary bytes.

Mailbag

Order F arm

Binders, back issues, disc doublers, dust covers order them all in one fell swoop. —

October 7985 ATARI USER

,><

.-‘ m

m _\

cz’

2 n

W "'

I C

5 I

-"'

u. u,

(+1

Win.

1‘

‘

“

‘

3.3

= 0

u q 0 — m Q, u n 9. q m 9 c

3 > m

93 m 1

a a- >

m =

m 220 Jan: n PD

2'0

—

51> W 2 “4-5“ z< > 3 1 m

< m U in. m o = if) 9" g 3 P,“ g: N m (HQ; 0

93, o 2 a;s

<0;

if?

‘~

‘

WWW

;

;’

‘

’.

._J

1,,

’

313

£315” a;

‘

“

“x“

W3“

”

“WW

a“

‘,,1‘

11 w ,§ i'

“WWW

‘

“W

‘1/

“

f“ £23?

.W’

" ,,../'?

‘

11111,

‘

“1151331

f“

“

f”

‘

1’

‘

A“

,1:1

',11

13:11;

‘

11>\ 1

“W/ 1

‘

w“

,“‘“1

‘i 1

‘?'?.

11 135.1?

a ‘

23?

WWW

§%t:“R

W» ‘

“W

”$th

I 4

1 ' .~

“A,

é W

’

x‘ 1,1

W1 WWW

‘\

3,1“

a?“

kg”

\\,

“

* ‘m ,%H’1‘11¢;.‘11W1uwv‘11031 WWW

1.11"

if“

r‘

1111111;

111-1

"T1”? m'w‘?ww 1M“

11‘;1V1“;;1W11Wg=~'WW

"W111

1/11":

1/1

_~5:::.uw

“

4"?

493“

.‘

“W

‘

,‘

‘

1 '

‘1

1”

///

__7__;4

, ,

“1

launched ATARI UK

launched new budget packages for both the 800XL and the 13OXE which effectiveh, slash the prices of both machines in the run up to Christmas. The 800XL voted “Home Micro of the Year" in the British Microcomputing Awards 1985 has been bundled with a joystick and game cartridge at £70. has

—

This

combintion

would

previously have costin excessof

£100.

Even bigger savings can be realised with an offer which links the 800XL with a data recorder, joystick and software pack, Although the usual price would have beeninthe region of 5150, this is now being Offered at £99, “You can’t find better value for money anywhere”, insisted a leading dealer. "It will be a runaway Wime' at Ch'mmas' ”However it all points to Atari wanting to get rid of all their back stock of 800XLs, cease production and then concent—

at Ch ATAR' is already dreaming of a bonanza Christmas with the ST range twinkling brightly atop the corporate

"We thought the

involving a saving of around £70. But the star package of all sees the 13OXE, 1027 letter

quality

printer and word

software, together three other pieces of software for £305. processing

with

be in

“It this 128k says

sales

all the saving here would the region of £250. is our intention to make product the top—selling computerthis Christmas", Rob Harding, Atari UK's and marketing manager.

season

WOUld start

late this year bUt we've been proved wrong", Max Bambridge, Atari UK'S general manager t0|d Atari User. “According to our dealers, the run up to Christmas is well under way with some excellent results. “It all adds up to a n extremely bullish market for

Atari". Of the 501000 ST machines shipped by Atari world—wide by

the earlier launch of the ST there. To ensure this, Atari's UK sales force are currently vigor— ously targetting sectors of the market for the ST. It is known they have considerable interest in the 1.2 million shopkeepers on Britain's high streets who haveaweekly turnover of between £1,000 and £3,000. “We now find ourselves in the position with the STofbeing able to offer them something really worthwhile they have never been able to afford before", says Max Bambridge. ”The UK has always been known as a nation of small

we otherwise would have expected". Germany is currently the number one market for the ST

shopkeepers, but

range outside the United States, followed by the UK, France then the Benelux countries and Italy. However the UK is expected soon to overtake Germany which is only ahead because of

intend to make it a nation of small shopkeepers equipped with an ST computer. “That's the best Christmas and we COUld present they possibly have”.

now

—

— ..

“W

arr Iva I or a

ages-

The first involves the machine,the 1050 discdrive andfour pieces of software for £231,

“st

early September the UK rece— ived less than 3,000 machines, and a large percentage of these went to software houses. However the month saw the arrival of 5,000 STs in Britain and this month's delivery will be in the region of 10,000. "Nor will they be on the shelves too long”, said Max Bambridge, ”for even though the ST is not a seasonal machine, itjust happens to have arrived here at this particular time of year. “As a result it will prove to be an even better Christmas than

tree. The company is forecasting that it Wl“ 38“ Up to 30,000 of its latest machines in the UK alone before the end Of 1985. And it is reporting “significantly increased demand" here in Britain for the 800XL and 13OXE models.

quick to deny this suggestion. ”We just want it to be the most competitive in the marketplace this Christmas", he said. On the 13OXE front,thereare also two new low-cost pack-

’S a“

Atar'

i‘

’

While

”

t ’

‘?

?tti

“

s??s‘ ‘Qb‘QgQ‘ ¢ Q?‘r

at: \ G

}§§5.»

“A__*Q*Q*Q ‘QgQ‘

consumer

’

launch of the SZOST at the PCW Show, its baby brother the ZGOST slipped quietly onto the scene. The modelwason displaybut behind glass doors, so prevent— ing the possibility of hands—on teSting. And the only information available about the ZGOST was that it has 256k of memory and disc a built—in half megabyte drive.

gx?itt?‘s

ALMOST unnoticed in the excitement surrounding the

—

3“

b '

““

‘

.‘

”

tt " .

‘

_N’

‘f

‘

—

_ '

* machine will be on sale in the UK shortly mainly through an Atari high street chains official was not prepared to put a price tag on it. It was up to a leading dealer to indicate that he believed it —

—

revealing that the

would sell for less than £500.

the 5208T, Meanwhile controller,half megabyte

mouse

disc drive and black and white high resolution monitor will retail for £652, before VAT is added.

— '

October 7985 ATARI USER

_________________________—

houses

Sides

SOFTWARE both ofthe Atlantic have rallied round the Atari banner in the impendin g b a ttl e f or market dominance by the new ST .

A GREAT deal has already . about Jack been written . . Tramiel, chairman of the

on In

machines, It is now estimated that by Christmas there W'” be more for than 300 titles available bOth the SZOST and ”5 baby the 2605Tbrother, new Never before has a mUCh software machine'had 5.0 Hard— claimed Reb available ing, sales a”? marketing man— ager for Atari UK. .

with th e response from the software houses”, says Max Bambridge, Atari UK's general

a number of programs running including dBase lI, Microsoft Basic and Wordstar.

manager.

0 Three spreadsheets, five databases and three word

"it

the'amount

software, still

some

completed,

some

only in prototype

software

9°°d

availableforit.Wellwe certainly UK software houses are currently number one in as far as the world production of programs for the ST range are concerned. Attheconsumerlaunch ofthe ST in Londonitwas revealed that three times more British software than American isavailable for the machines. “It's V9” impresswe", observed Jack Tramiel, chairman of the Atari Corporation, "but you do have the best software people i“ the world, thanks to being t“? most minded cotnpnuter nation '

”With thislevelofsupportwe the ST Wi|| are confident become the leading 16 bit machine in the UK". The ST range received a major shot in the arm when leading business software giant TDI revealed that some 150 of its titles are now available for the machines. Yet another boost came with the news that the 808 opera— ting language will now enable the ST to run more than 80 BOS business oriented packages. At the same time, it is now known that 30 UK software houses are currently nearing completion of almost 100 addi— tional titles for the ST. The PCW Show in London provided the first public show— case for much of the new

been said that

hes the would rise or fall depending on

know which way we are going

now”.

On the ST software from at the PCW ShowAtar/ User saw: O A CP/M emulator from GST

form.

"We have been delighted

processors.

0 The full range

of Infocom adventure packages, including The Hitch—hikers Guide to the

Galaxy. An El'te type package be'ng developed for the ST from

British

Telecom's

software

house, Firebird.

Lands

Microdeal,

tinction

of Havoc which

from

has the

diS—

of being the first

software package to be conver— ted for the ST here in the UK. . The much praised small business package from Quest International, Cash Trader. This has been nominated for a major newspaper award. . K-Spread from Kuma ComputefS, a blend Of mouse and

keyboard driven functions providing a spreadsheet. 0 A complete cross develop— ment environment for program— mers wishing to transfer IBM PC software from Metacomco. This will allow both new and existing application programsto be developed using the PC and then downloaded to the ST.

—————-—_—_———

20 -year—o Id stu d ent at the University of Kent has achieved a to ena e t e teghnolegicngbreakthrough range to run almost written in all programs A

83522106 Mabbs .

who is

is Lanai/19221822) gzcsnuse he on exper

the BBC Micro

Although a protOt/\D e of his BBAS Ba SIC nterpreter was on _

the

display PC.W _Show, Tristran is currently ironing out the bUQS prior t0 “5 anthlDatEd release later this month. "it provides an environment 8 ATARI USER

et ween

3 I

October 7985

still

has access

Bl3AS a 2128322:g§|§§szitl§2lfjfaarrsfde spech features BBC computer”, he told Atari

of the ST, including windows and the

mouse. us?Thus r f features are inte— the BBCphc/Jlggeronssrwgi?znror These into the pseudo grated operaa directly on the ST ID rovided thur; ting system so that existing t h ey do not use machine code programs may eaSily be modified", explained Tristran. routines other than those the operating "Naturally, though, this prOVIded by system means that these modified Despite the close likeness to programs will not run correctly if the BBC environment, the user copied back to BBC machines". .

tended to taint the facts So when Mike Cowley was granted an exclusive interview with Jack Tramiel he set out to discover the man behind the myth.

TO some he’s the saviour of the world'computerindustry by providing peoplewithwhatthey want—ata price they can afford. After all, the ex—inmate of Auschwitz built Commodore into a billion dollar business by offering value for money. Now he’s doing the same for

Atari. But to others he is little more than a ruthless opportunist with all the niceties of a contemporary Attila the Hun.

However it

was

simply

rotund middle aged balding man who rose to greet me in a private room behind the Atari stand 'at the PCW Show in London. The success of the ST launch ballyhoo going on outside had obviously permeated the inner Jack Tramiel was sanctum.

beaming

extended

pudgy hand in welcome. It is difficult to imagine that here is a man who can axe two thirds of the Atari workforce

some of the bloodiest board room battles the industry has awa ever seen, walkin from

BBc

“d of

studying computing, was called

as so

within days of taking over without batting an eyelid. Or that he has been locked in

AtaruCorporation._And often happens wuth coverage Of SUCh larger than life celebrities, fiction has often

Wigner. most the undisputged But on closer inspection it's the e es that seem to hold the key tyo Jack Tramiel. Heavily the hooded, ipiercingly shrewd, danger Signs are there for all to see.

The

boss has never his guard in dropped public, to foster hit man preferring the for the benefit of the image media. So in order to get a glimpse of the private Jack Tramiel, asked him to describe at yp ical

Atari

‘ .

Tramiel mi

-:.

1,9; A;"

’.

we.

-==-,~.

st»

t;-

' .

?g? “twg ‘

The

man

*J§§)Ws’w\§v\“

day in his life. Here, with a few asides, is how he described it. Each morning he sleeps in until late or so he sees it around 8am. “That's one luxury allow myself”, he says. Surprisingly he could be at any one of four addresses and still qualify to be getting up at home. The reason for this is that he is a self confessed house collector, owning three homes in the United States and a in Toronto, condominium Canada. More likely. than not he'll be at his sumptuous Lake Tahoe home some 7,500 feet above sea level. Or there again, he could be at his residences in either Sar— ratoga, just 20 minutes drive from his office, or Santa Cruz, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. “I choose the home I'm at on the basis of who have to see on business”, he confided. But does that not get rather confusing for his wife? "Not really”, he replied. “My children have grown up, so my wife Helen, who is also my —

partner, wherever

travels go”.

with

He usually breakfasts simply on half a grapefruit, yoghurt and coffee. "I travel an awful lot so when I'm at home, I'm always trying to diet", he admits. The Atari chief also uses his breakfast period to catch up on

the business world by reading the Wall Street Journal. How— ever he always puts half an hour aside to talk to Helen. From Lake Tahoe he is flown by private plane to Santa Fe airport and then drives himself to the Atari headquarters. Once in his office he is brought up to date on what the current problems are and decides which one to tackle that day.

“It could

purchasing

be anything

from

designing,

production to distribution”, he “I like to be involved in the total business. ”You see I'm a generalist, not a specialist. Although under— stand the engineering from the layman's viewpoint, could not design a computer myself. "That's why I'm lucky to have three sons who are specialists. And it's very nice to have the says.

family involved". Having arrived at the office at

place,

seafood

restaurant. Jack Tramiel again dines sparingly at lunch usually a piece of halibut—does notallow himselfalcohol, not even a glass of wine. ”I do not drink most of the time because suffer from —

gout",

,.-

—

same

around 9.30am he goes through matters raised by his secretary, then starts to contact the outposts of his empire by phone or computer. “I do not believe in mail", he insists, “after all, we are in the communications and informa— tion world”. Each day when at the office he usually holds a working lunch with his management team but only when they are free of potential customers. They drive some five minutes from the office to eat always at

the

5552-5

9:7,

b.‘

—

he says.

Back in the office he spends up until 7pm making phone calls out to the Far East to his manufacturing facilities. Most days he will dine with a customer in the evening before returning to one of his homes. It is only then that Jack Tramiel insists on having some time alone, relaxing by reading

computer

magazines, including copy of Atari User. Although he admits he never really turns off as far as business is concerned, he does have one hobby, deep sea fishing. And he's proud of his biggest catch ever, a seven foot Blue Marlin. But does his wife not get irritated by his strict working regime? ”I always try to have her around me to make upforit",he admits, ”but still get heat from her every now and again. That's only natural". Jack Tramiel admits to two real loves in his life, his business and his family. But he provided afascinating insight into his true character the day he fired his eldest son Sam, now president of Atari. his own

"He felt money grew

fired him”, he recalls. “So he went into business on

trees, so

his own.

“One day he went to write a cheque to pay his payroll but found he had nothing in the bank. “So he found out that money doesn't grow on trees. Now he is back working for me”. Now that is the real Jack Tramiel talking.

— October 7985 ATARI USER

SOF I WARE EXP BESS

EUROPES LEADING ‘ATARI’ MAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS

INTERNATIONAL

130 XE COMPUTER

128K

13OXE/1050 PACKincIuding software 800X L/1050 PACK including Software 1029 DOT MATRIX PRINTER WS2000 MODEM MODEM INTERFACE c/w Viewterm JOYSTICKS

software

Sublogic

Strike Eagle (D) (CID) Solo Flight (R) Space Shuttle (CN’D) Spitfire Ace F

249.99 199.99 149.55 59.95

(D)

S. 11

14.95

9.95i14.95 19.95

9.95/14.95

NEW US IMPORTS Paperclip

BOOKS

Atari Atari Collection Vol. Mapping the Atari Atari BasicTutorial Atari XL Handbook '

De Re

Homepack

17.00 1.95

Printshop

1260

Kennedy Approach

B—Graph

Technical Reference Notes Arcade & Graphics DESIgn Hackers Handbook Exploring Adventures + 75 D 905 t & p ackin 9

4.95 6.95

Sta'C'OSS

(D)

19-95 29.95 37.95 9.95 6.95 37.95 29.95 (D) 9.95. 17.95 39.95 9.95 43.95 7.95 17.95 32-95 39.95 32-95

SUSpeCt

(D) (D)

37.95

Midwinter

(0) (c) (13)

(C)

(D) (Dl

geaSta'ker orcerer

(D)

Suspended Witness Zork 1, 11, 111

3795 29.95

Wisnbringerunfocoml (D)

995

(D) the Galax y (C/Dl

Zone Ranger (R) 19.95 (C/D) 9.95/14.95 Mlg Alley Ace Phone Pinball Constructor Kit Bruce Lee (00) 14.95 Conan 14.95 (D) Phone Music Constructor Kit (CD) 9.95 14.95 Dropzone (Cl 9.95 Decathlon (C/D) 9.95/12.95 One on One 8.95 (C) Chop Suey Kissin’ Kousins 6.95 (C) ,

Adventure Guest (D) (D) (C) (C)

32.95 35.95 Mindwheel 39.95 Rescuefrom Fractulas 34.95 Ballblaser 34.95

Seven Cities of Gold Crusade of Europe

37.95 29.95

MAGAZINES ATARI USER 1.00 PAGE 6 90 ANTIC 3,50 ANALOG 3.00

31 STONEYHURST

33.95 9.95

12.95

55.95 49.95 33.95 33.95 33.95 33.95 29.50

36.95 55.95 62.75 45 95

19 '95 '

Cut Throats

995 9.95 19.95

9,95'1495 14.95 14.95 14.95

17.95 17.95 17.95

7.95/10.95 33.70

25.95 75.00 27.95 60.00 2795 2735 75.00 27.95

Sparta DOS Basic XE

75.00

695 -

Available Now

ALL OTHER TITLES ALSO AVAILABLE AT THE SAME PRICE 520 ST

C/w Disc Drive

B/W Hi-Res Monitor Colonial Conquest Blue Max 2001 Dambusters Electrician Kennedy Approach

995 12.95

(D) Magniprint (R) Action (D) Action Tool Kit (R) Basic XL BasiCXLTOO, Kit (D) DOS XL (R) MAC/65 MAC/65 Tool Kit (D)

6.95

Sus P ect

New

(C)

Miner 2049 er (R) Mr Do (C) Pac Man (C) Pitfall 11 (R) Ouasimodo (C D) C D Smash Hits C D Smash Hits 11 Smash Hits 111 c D (C/D) Hijack Summer Games (D)

UTILITY

L“ e H-LNF%C%MS ers 695

749.99

(D) (R)

39.95

NEW SERVICE Custom software programming. We can write software tailored to your needs, at very competitive rates. PHONE US NOW

York City .

M°”day .M°r”'"9 Managef

Gt. American Road Race Disk

ROAD ERDINGTON, BIRMINGHAM 824 8HA

October 7985

Bounty Bob

INVISICLUES H.“c h

HOTI-INE

SEND SAE FOR OUR PRICE LIST.

70 ATARI USER

(D)

3.0 (C D) Garden Market Operation Computer Ambush (D) Cosmic Balance (D) Cosmic Balance 11 (D) (D) Eagles Field of Fire (D) Fortress (D) Gemstone Warrior Kampfergruppe Rails West (D) (D) Reforger 88” Market Forces (D) Chess

ENTERTAINMENT

ADVENTURE Ultima ill—Exodus Cut Throats Deadline Dungeon Adventure Emerald Isle Enchanter Hitch-hikers G L“"de to H u k T he Infidel Lords of Time Mask of the Sun

59.95 49.95 69.95 39.95 35.95

Broadsides Colosuss

11.95 5.95 17.00 12.80

43.95

169.99

299.99

PADDLES

Saga

STRATEGY

SIMULATION

HARDWARE

FIONA Simmons'

Ata r'

sea

captain husband Tony is nearing the end of a seven month voyage to the other Side of the world and back. But all the while his ship has been sailing round the Pacific Ocean he has been only seconds away from his wife and children in Derbyshire.

i £5}

?§

;

, ..

‘1

“in "

—

l ‘

;

be.

aml

L? ,:.;,%

h ”

1’

“T“

?uff,2 «if;

. ,

fie

,’

“15653“? W5 5 .;. I

f '

Keeping in touch with Dad.

system. ”I believe a lot of women are frightened of computers, poss— ibly because they are afraid of making embarrassing mistakes. But my advice to them is not to be females should be just as involved in the world of computers as males. “It was because of this belief that bought the Atari for my daughters, so they wouldn't get left behind by the boys at their school. "Now I'm learning along with them and loving every minute particularly that part of compu— ting that keeps me in such close contact with Tony”. —

—

‘

Mrs Simmons and her children

trouble to put me on the right

when was having teething troubles with the

as?“ ..;

track

K‘s. ”'

“115

14K

very important to me living in an isolated part of the country with

my three young children. “Not only do feel closer to my husband while he's away, if any problem crops up here know can have the benefit of his advice within a short time via his ship's telex facility". Mrs Simmons said she had been pleasantly surprised to find out how easy it was to use her Atari to send telex messages. "I'm by no meansa computer expert", she said. "In many have been having tolearn ways from my mistakes, such as occasionally truncating a message unintentionally and some— what exceeding my telephone budget. "But can't speak too highly of the MicroLink help line team. They have been absolutely super, taking a lot of time and

}

g??? ;%

1.1.

am,"

f”

“9"

/ I?”

—

0 ya

WM...

“M”,

"The system lets us be in contact with each other much more than before and that is

’

j j”

5 _

,,,_'_;~37.

‘

communications is made possible by Mrs Simmons' Atari 8 O O X L a n d m o d e m, th e MicroLink electronic mail ser— vice and the international satellite system. She has been able to send and receive weekly telex mess— ages that have kept thefamilyin touch and eased the heartache of the long separation. Before MicroLink, Mrs Simmons had to contact her husband a Merchant Navy officer for 22 years via the marine radio station at Portis— head, near Bristol. And although the technicians there were always very helpful this meant having to telephone her telex and have it taken down manually and sometimes having to queue to get onto the system, never being sure when theinformation would reach her husband on the high seas. "With MicroLink can do the job all by myself”, Mrs Simmons toldAtar/User. "The message is transmitted in seconds to any— where in the world Tony might

’

—

«'

._f i

32 hlt launch at

codeX?

THE long-awaited 32 hit machine from Atari is almost certain to take its bow at a major American computer show in November. Comdex in Las Vegas is being touted as the launching pad for the new com— puter. Asked when it would be unveiled, Max Bambridge, Atari UK's general manager told Atari User: "Just make sure you are at Comdex in Las Vegas. There's going to bealot happening there . .

—

Game

‘breakthrough’

TRIO of top UK software authors who have known both overnight success and overnight failure have got together again to write for the 5ZOST. David Lawson, Ian Hether— ington and Eugene Evans be— Iieve the megagame they have will Brataccas developed reestablish them at the pinnacle of the computer games world. Once the driving force behind the Liverpool based Imagine software house, all three saw fame andfortune snatchedfrom them when the company spec— tacularly crashed with staggering debts last year. “We are on our way back with this", David Lawson, who claims to have personally lost A

| i :

’

—

£350,000

in his company's told Atari User. In all, it has taken the authors some four months to write the 400,000 lines of machine code needed for Brataccas. An adventure game, it is being hailed as a technological breakthrough in that it allows the players to become charac— ters in a seemingly infinite number of cinema type roles. "We always wanted to create crash,

our own David ”rnovies'y', ve sadys one Just Lawson. Solwe that and put it on a computer.

We just drop the player into it". But will success once again spoil the lads from Liverpool if as well as they Brataccas goes believe it Will. After all, they are

for the ST

the first to admitthat backinthe days of Imagine, the money simply went to their heads. This time itlooks unlikely. For the software house for which they now work, Psygnosis, is firmly in the control of Talbot Smith, a hard headed Mersey—

ATARl

side entrepreneur. His empire stretches from steel stockholding to haulage. “This time when success comes the lads' way courtesy of the 5208T, I'll be holding on to the purse strings", he told Atari User meaningfully.

the way

has three more computers in the to pipeline followthe successful launch ofthe 5208T and ZGOST machines. This was revealed by Cha'ma“ Jack Tfam'e| during h's recent visit to London. "We are already on machines that will be three new wo?dng better than the ST", he told Atari User. u‘Ne will not allow ourselves to get stale". _

October 7985 ATARI USER

d‘er s,

The exciting

and!“

describing d° you Star t when been hailed by the has that a machine terms. 7 the most 9‘0Wi“9 press in

WHERE.

machine caught the Rarely has one both so ma n people, imagination of industry computer within the .

and

externally. described The Atari ST has been ”d was it since -

superlatives

5208T we Following the launch of the Atar| canect S devoted to expect to see many books eXtrace‘tlerfy:mpthe .s r" b of the maChine- Here we present V ST Atarl “The book such first s. 00 CompBan||¢:n Vine . p ubhshed by Sunshme

and the

Jeremy

A THE

gu'ded

Of the

tour

ST has been hailed

around the insides of your ST system. Understanding how a computer works is not essential to using a machine you could quite happily never know what's inside 'that box'

ofyour micro.

However, understandingthework— ings of a micro is not as horrific an idea as it seems and can go way to enhancing the user’s

standing of

long

under—

microprocessor, which can be con— sidered as the heart of the machine. Much is made of whether these chips are 32 or 16 bit in size. The 68000 has aninternal structureof32 bits but externally the arrangement is 16 bit. The 68000 in the ST contains a

interaction with the

and

24—bit address

bus and

16—bit

data bus. The chip is very fast, running at a clock speed of 8MHz. This speed is

machine.

Many users new to computing find it hard to imagine what is actually happening when they press a keyboard button (or mouse!) and feel

Processing Unit) chip has eight 32 bit data registers, nine 32 bit address

M! are

the rest of the machine. The ST series of micros is based around the Motorola MC68000

—

they are communicating with an alien presence. What we aim to do is give you an idea of what each component part does and how it interacts with

the

“power without the price", but what exactly is that power? This section is designed to guide you

and still make the most

hard

Chjncesuaraegifeyéo exmmg,

theiihgfrmales thehasST gone that beyond all else befo; and format e ta ,.5 far as one canmat?fr'fc’ththsehfe machine can of applications the

r anno:anc;ig

—

especially impressive when compared with other systems. The MC68000 CPU (Central

registers, 14 addressing modes, memory mapped I/O'and a 56 word instruction set. In addition, the chip can address 16 mbytes of memory directly without any need of bank switching. Supporting the CPU is the MK68901 MFP (Multi Function Peripheral), which sorts out various interrupt control measures (Interrrupt tables are shownlaterinthis section). Atari have designed their own custom built microprocessors, of which there are four. These chips are 3 DMA (Dynamic Memory Access) controller for use with a hard disc. The purpose of the DMA is to look after mass storage and this directly interfaces with a very fast parallel port for the hard disc. The transfer rates will be up to 8 megabits a

In RF

Expan

Ram

RGB

IKBD

Out/Thru

Communications

Printer

Audio

IShifter

Floppy

Drive

Mono

Rom

Mod

Port

Ports

Port

Channels

Disc

Port

Hard

Drive

Port

-3£7W DMA

MFP

PSG

Conloller lCIA lCIA

lll— Logic

View of the ST's components, taken from

mm...ST Companion

l———_’/ 12 ATARI USER

October 7985

acquainted with the idea of contains all '

he user, with informa— prowsz?azomltl tron help and guide you throught h e first stages of using your .

encompass. Because of its price, the ST has a vast appeal matched only by fts Dower. At long

VO_U

usrnga

the

for mousi’fngtrl‘céréded mforma

the

maintaining

everyday

tastkino

rie

th e m 0 re expe r STIFo 9‘ [aimsfriiliseaaftaizgi which offers Sta _' tehebook looks in cong?gtreersfg ds enthusiast who wishes to 22:12 noiogy at a price WhiCh transcen_ an of the STdetaijl eci?c in at parts d e e D er the ST system is looked at sp 9 home/business market barrier a library instance first ‘n the the TOS, prOV'dGS' including which has eluded m|cr0 manUfac‘ and secondly Controller anda <igrirteeellligejnettileiyboard 01szLinpceeisngaézigéunderstandin true a business riusmais £1“)de tour tuner: unstl|l e pvtthe different a’°‘gnd-tnhf:irh21§tv§;§ and rket Even egl ifyOU'real as any componer;t t epas”?Tha; machine 0 towards making as hope, been presented in such Ogrgzigmsistem With is. it gnachine aeggx what of 90 latest in iconas to give you an idea 0 thg foz?rso?he stander have intended since x'. based mouse control. Inceptig); he “(1:3 mS‘qe ompan book this Of this book the 'ST Ive thatnzcd Th e Atari ST Companion IS asa .Ca. servesboth that]; Should What because that‘s beaboo.introduction tothe ST intended for a varle d re adership. For Companion first Th e Comprehensnve fGEM or hope it Will become to_ You. those new to the and itS workings, and as a source 0 f lot section covers all that IS conifepzso?tcept indeed reference. necesEary‘t?c V6 newhto t IS bto§k sets out to get your ST up and running. computing, _

‘

—

The Atari

DMA is also interfaced to the floppy disc drives through the WD1770/1772 FDC (Floppy Disc Controller). The DMA removes the need for data to be moved through the main processor when it is being transferred between the main memory and a peripheral device. The main memory (RAM) access channel is shared to allow for both slow speed (250 to 500 kbits a second) and high speed (which can be up to 8 megabits a second) 8 bit device controllers. The second custom built chip is a Memory Controller unit. It can be considered as a management system for the ST’s memory and some timing functions. This unit runs at a very fast 16MHz and this is put to good use. The memory controller can use memory for both the CPU and the video, without the former being slowed. The

in the case of the ST this would be

companlon Jeremy Vine _.

, ,

c“

f _

(

esseéwwl

s 7.

if“

f' 7

‘

— ;.

‘

if?"

_‘

“t

we...

a“

an. '

sis?

, M

-‘

i, H

3. 4

”1,5;

iff/

The

output to video is put through the third custom chip,a Video Shifter, which is, in effect, a video controller for the screen modes provided by the sr. This chip handles all the information about graphics. Finally, the fourth custom chip is the Control Logic. lts task is to put in order and watch over everything in the machine. The Control Logic manages the jobs that would normally be handled by TTL's, except

A“

WWW”?

i,«f

if"

\ ‘

C‘

5’

a? 1“

J”;

‘ ~

j ‘

“325er

“7

;

A?”

fie

\wu’f

’

‘

‘ .

‘

‘;

eff” .

°“‘°Mww\

News

" "

/ ' ;

tremendous amount. The control logic chip is in communication with almost every part of the machine and is a key element in the structure of the ST.

You can buy this book d|rect from Am” User (post free). Please use the order form on Pagefog1£9.95 -

October 7985 ATARI USER

M’/ W124

4/4

W. WJ

5“: yW/WWWWWWWaiwww f

4444444444W

_.ae;...,._. _,

44.44.444W4 ‘

94444444

H4»

433424

F0 R

ATARI U S ERS | '

For models 400, 800, 600XL, aooxu 65XE, 65XEM and 130xe used with

THE HUNG-PU CHALLENGE, 0

xL/ XE—48K—

For ATARI 400/800/600

800 XL/lso

PREs TEL

This unique comms package gives ATAFll' users full Prestel‘ facilities, including graphics, and allows access to Micronet‘, Viewdata systems, telex, electronic mail, bulletin boards and databases. Datatari handles baud rates of 1200/75, 75/1200,1200/1200, 300/300. 850 interface not required.

.;_

”WWW”

A”?

“9“;

”if

”7

if." .

. ,

‘

441

Ii/ ,

‘

4-444”

4424,

”‘M‘

\ a.

"”"~

44444

I} 442i

Ij1974.;434',r~.°

W4”/

z/LL

"Wei" seria' i"‘e”a°e p'usswa'e package from Miracle Technology.

.4444;;i:1

..,'

I .

444

I" f’

./3244444444444”

,M4V

To get your ATARI on-Iine, all the way, clip the coupon today.

_ _

D Multi-Viewterm/Datatari

ichAT+

packages @ £59.95

£1.15 UK PIP.

D enclose cheque/postal order D “We my “Cm/Visa ca’d “°:

—

Cassette f 8 9 5 Diskette f 12 9 5 .

from

ENGLISH SOFTWARE U

r“ L

EN E

' _

‘

“'—

“t‘m

”33

‘

Address

——

ort3 Miracl

‘reg'd trade marks

Jungle Hunt Pacman Centipede Donkey Kong Jnr.

cass

9.95 9.95

Archon Realm oflmposs Bruce Lee Decathlon Pitfall II Murder on the Zin Mr Robot Dropzone Bounty Bon F-15 Strike Eagle

14.95

9.95 9.95

N/A N/A 9.95 9.95 14.95 9.95

Mig Alley Ace Conan Pole Position Beach Head

N/A

Mercenary

9-95

Encounter

9.95 OFFER

9.95

N/A

'“

I}; SNPECIAl. o Hit Boulder 1

Dash

8.45 (N.R.P. 9.95) dlsk 12.95 (N.R.P. 14.95) cass _

October 1985

disk 12.95 12.95 14.95

N/A N/A 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 14.95 12-95 12.95

Cutthroats Hitch Hikers Wishbringer Red Moon Emerald Isle Dungeon Adv Snowball Return to Eden The Hulk Seastalker

the companies

N/A N/A N/A 6.95 6.95

9.95 9.95 9.95 8.95

N/A

disk 29.95 29.95 29.95 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 17.95

29.95

UTlLlT'ES cart

7500 7500

Basic XL

Action

cass

M.M.G. Basic Compiler

Magniprintll Homeword Data Manager

Typesetter The Page Designer us, Doubler

For FREE Catalogue send

chnolo

UK ) Ltd

>U<M|RAClE m1 TECHNOlOGY

concerned

SPEC/AL/STS cass

14.95 9.95 9.95 9.95 9.95 14.95

Miner 20498r

SlMULATIONS

cart

1495

St PeteerStreet, lpsw?melm 1x99.“ Tel 04713-21614

ADVENTURES

Oils Well 805 Quest

74 ATARI USER

—

3:12:21

ATAR/ SOFTWARE

ARCADE

Name

....,.............Postcode............

“E"

Manchester M50 1871

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

disk 59.95 25.95 48.95 29.95 3495 29.95 7995

cass

Field of Fire Broadsides Objective Kursk Eagles 50 Mission Crush Rails West Colonial Conquest Gemstone Warrior Six Gun Shootout Cosmic Balance Cosmic Balance lI War in Russia Kampfgruppe Operation Market Garden Break through in the Ardennes Carrier Force Computer Ambush Reforger 88 Questron Galactic Adventure Computer Quarterback Computer Baseball

FIightSimuIator

loose stamp. Send cheques P/O to:

disk 36.95

N/A WA N/A N/A N/A WA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

36.95 36.95 36.95 36.95 36.95 36.95 36.95 3695 36.95 74.95 55.95

N/A

55.95

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

55.95 55.95 55.95 55.95 55.95 55.95 36.95

36495

36-95

43.95

DATASCAPE 46 ' Huntsworth

M eWS' London NW1 GDB T el. 01-723 0562 .

A“! l

----L

"?ll-I l/

t '

SO far we

have looked at the

instruction setandtheaddressing

In Part "l

mzfjsssoithfj$323,373,

powerful

affair. Basically the 68000 can runintwo a supervisor mode and a user mode. In the supervisor mode there

modes,

certain privileged instructions allowed that cannot be executed in are

mode. The usual arrange— ment is to have the operating system run in the supervisor mode with the programs or languagesrunning in the user mode. it is even possible t0 arrange true

the user

multi—user operation using these modes. The key tO understanding the usefulness of these two modes lies in

the interrupt structure. An interrupt is something which changes the normal flow of 8 program. All microprocessors will respond to two or three different

interrupting conditions

but the

Of hls

serles

examlnlng 68000 Chlp at the heart

the Atarl COOK S_T' MIKE the operating envnronment to the user

significant aspect: the operating environment presented at its third

to the user. In most other microprocessorsthis is so simple that it can be ignored. But in the 68000 there are so many different ways the processor can act that the design and operation Of a computer is a very sophisticated

the of

explores presented

68000 greatly enlarges this concept so much so that the conventional interrupts become just a special case of of the much wider concept

—

exceptions. An exception means

that

an event

—

something happening. This triggers off the execution of a program that is said to perform exception processing. The majority of the time an exception is something which should not have happened. Exception processing can correct this or at least prevent the situation getting out of hand. For each exception condition there is

is,

vector. A vector

is a

memory

location that contains the address of the exception processing routine. Each vector has a unique address depending upon the exception. There are so many

ofthesethattheyoccupy

first 1k of memory in the microprocessor, each vector occu—

the

pying four bytes. The first is the reset vector, so in memory location 0 you will find the address of where to start when the machine is powered up or the reset line is pulled. This needs to be in ROM because it has to be available on power—up.

However it would be somewhat limiting to have all the exception frozen in ROM where, vectors committed to a task, they can't be changed. Therefore most computers designed with the 68000 have to switch this area of the memory map between ROM and RAM as part of the reset procedure. This makes the designing of the memory address decoding more complex than the

average computer.

Exceptions can be divided into two types, internal and external. An ,

October 7935 ATARI USER

—_———————Hcrrdwc|re internal exception is one that has been generated by the program being run, and an external exception is one generated by a signal from outside the microprocessor. All exception processing takes place in the supervisor mode. in fact the only way to enter the supervisor mode from the user mode

by an

exception occurring.

generates an addressing error excep— iiO?- This is usually a few“ Of your pointers getting out of alignment and of exception the normal course processing is to inform the user and then return to the user mode. With a privilege violation excep— tron, the processor has attempted to execute aninstruction which can only be used in the supervisor mode. -

There is also an illegal op-code exception which occurs if you try to execute something which is not an instruction. This is very useful for catching programs which have gone out of control and started executing your data. A closely allied exception is the unimp/emented op-code. This is caused when you try to execute an instruction starting with a hexa— decimal value of A or F, as no instructions actually start with these values. You can use this to write your

instructions. The Apple Macintosh computer makes extensive use of this exception toallow userprogramstotapintothe operating system ROM. The value following the A is looked at by the exception processing routine and the appropriate operating system call is macro

made. in this way you never need to know the address of a routine and so the same programs can work with different revisions of the operating system ROM. There is a trace flag in the status register which, if set, causes a trace exception to OCCUF after each instrUCtion has been executed in the user mode. This makes the imple'

mentation of

stepping debug— gers very simple. It will even single step through ROM, something that other microprocessors need special hardware to do. There are also exceptions that 76 ATARI USER

single

October 7985

—

Let's look at internal exceptions. if you try to access a word or long word quantity at an odd'address this

own

occur when something goes wrong with an instruction. For example, if you try to divide by zero an exception will occur. Also, some overflow conditions (when the result of an operation is too big to?t in the register) will trigger exception processing. There is, however, one set of instructions whose sole function is to the cause exception processing TRAP instructions. There are sixteen of these, each with its own vector that can be used by the operating system for many reasons. For example, one computer uses TRAP instructions to perform all the inputs and outputs,

I... A"A----k..k ‘ V ---‘ ‘ ' '

A ""..... A A----t V

A 7

----

l".-‘ y

‘

k k

‘

‘ ‘

k k

‘

thus providing a consistent interface all programs.

for

Ofthe external exceptionsperhaps the simplest is the reset signal. When this is triggered, the processor vectors through memory locatiOn zero and enters the supervisor mode. This is used on power—up or

asapanic button, hopefully situated at some remote place on the computer. The interrupt request will be familiar to those acquainted with other

However the processors. has three of these lines. All three are involved with the request, thus giving seven different kinds of interrupt. Each kind is given a number or level depending upon the state of these lines. Every level has its own priority, the higher levels having higher priority. The processor can mask out levels it does not want to respond to by the use of its status register, an extension of the normal single maskable

68000

each has its own vector.

interrupt. Again

interrupt level

The final external exception is the errorinput. This is a single input to the processor and despite its name can be used for any purpose. The most common use is the detection of non—existent memory. Most microprocessors give the external memory a certain time to respond to any request for access. if the memory device is slow it can send a signal back saying that itrwants longer. The 68000, however, works the other way round. It requests memory access and thenwaitsforthe memory to say that it is ready. This carries the disadvantage that if memory is accessed which does not exist then the whole system hangs up. So to prevent this, most 68000 based computers have a timer and if memory has not responded within (for example) one second the bus error line is triggered causing an exception. This is not the only use of this line. There are outputs on the 68000 which reflect the type of process going on. They will, for example, indicate whether data or an instruc— tion is being fetched from memory and whether the processor is in the user or supervisor mode. The Sage computer uses these signals together with the address bus to trigger a bus error exception if access is made to a certain area of memory from the user mode. This area of memory contains all the input/output devices. Thus the only way to interact with the outside world bus

is through the supervisor mode, forcing user programs to use the appropriate TRAP vectors to perform input/output operations. As you can see, the exceptions allow a considerable degree of sophistication to be built into the operating system of any computer containing the 68000 microprocessor. It offers facilities more like a mini—computer than a microcom— In these three articles have puter. only been able to outline this complex device but hope you now have a picture which will allow you to make I

sense of any book written

about the

68000. It truly gives power to the programmer.

E \re

on 01

~ 4.

a a,

O 2

"‘

»”

’ C 0

2'.

a 0 __

? 5" a

. .

‘

m (?

$3.. w. "‘

*.-

‘

.»

‘

_. ‘‘~

‘

7,-

”l

—n

‘

.4,

134251.

r»t:,;’4;2,',sx,,,,

’

‘

«.

‘»

»-.

$51:

‘

25252221

"‘;;§2i§i;f;f§xff

'»

”

;,z;4;4::4;4;:,.

‘

g»,

‘

4. ’

as.

‘

f»

l‘

ml;

., '

"_n. 44,

«4

‘»

».

»«

73415552515314534“

44:

”212232523423’

2.4242‘;:M 9+.“

229.2224"?

414245445525,

‘

032222532‘2g4

4»«I4'>z:'w

‘

4:44.35‘1232322515},

z;.342“.'123.52x£;;4.,.

ff}

32.5 ,, fw* 5:44:44,

53223321»

4225.2

«24

"2222222

,;,

2,344

2222215232:an 22

“g: 5» 2212222222225«,,ag

52:22

222mm 24324

22,

w Q2,

2:5 W“: 2224225 “52452225244,4g5 ';2252«41~22224:m‘»~ 3524

35413255354,

?r»

3.1?

_:.2

:-_

22. ‘2,’~ «Muf?n:

‘

51224:

225g,

»,

”252.1215

2:4;

22“

245,52

:2‘,’

72:5”;

‘

1322245221325

"2432. 22242223232

»;

[22

‘

“45

.5.

35,2

2.2.

‘

.44,

Q2?

112252212

2“

229453222

3122;

“.4

$3.«.‘n

"222.5

5222

522

:.322254

‘1‘

5 .»»

41523235,

riff;

a 2

41,544,252,

2-:;5;..,:.:5

22:5,

2“ 2

5221.22

»»

‘»

2,45,

451.2224»

4232439

2.54

32312;

”344

.;‘2‘»‘<2222’";:-444,..

2232222

..34

2222242222 .

f’

“

,:x2.-5.L",-45

”2222-2

£2222 1222

”32:2 355.32 2>*> 2 *> 5”255

-‘

.2‘

‘

234...

221~

55,2222“

222422254422225:22:55:

22,2:

._._.

A23

if?

.43

'»

if’k‘gfugf» 241232222222

.«.

5‘52' $322,233.53.

44,121,455555.

44.2

-,2v

222:

,,4>224$2

232222

2,2 m223.222.2322222“ 5.

22222: 22‘22W,4a

‘

23:359:3«f:ff:;:;?f;{

2!‘

022222

22422; 232

-.-:=-.,.

."12-25'35255

2»

231

4,444,252

”4224322222

254222212,

’

4.4

222222125

”24222222222222 33322112333 "1131252251422 “23123222

5255224

3322

.44,5222221:

5352242454,

w”

21.1;

4:22--

22“

244425

»-;.«,»;»‘

“441.2142;

;.'

-‘:44~?,4-444»4:»4:fa5

‘

22522244,

1.44

23.2

“35”

255,222,221:

2-21 355.5

_,4.

4,545

2,233,

525222 22222222

34:

22:

«£12222

223.

4 '

.. “w???“

32:22

311422224225

‘ 53,4.

:‘2 z»,

“2253122.

’2~22:22. 1

»=-’

45.5,

262

."«

2‘2

5522222522121122222322‘24 W?-gw‘?

22"?

«a

2532225222

424222522:

‘,4;22;.z4,«22222~'7222221252122.2$225,232

4/«47,

22525522:

2222222222

$w§?

.4.54,x.,44{;4

723225123:-

”

3122715422

52552222312

2Y’zf22222‘5222; wuww?ixtsg

«zw

/ 522 45:1,fii’32y531222 if 2222222 2222542225122 ‘ww'pn 2222“ J 222351 ‘.53;Jiw.22"5324«':2;?«v 52222 252222224 2222514222223?»‘ «»:fi,.,.4’5»2.,»"'-’2»2t 2&1“; 43“; 2???” 5 ;_ 242322521222122222224“ 2.52525ka"4234322252414

“2225

m3.

g?géévgv 2? 2?

2 f ;;54;¢;42t:»;44:4s,45,54 252.2422 5222.4" 24252352213222534-“2'4 "22.22.1221 .5:. M5253“223222445444345 :455524224222252242 523525212223222.

52,222

‘

35:43-

:‘11344

«wk2

2234223423

22231222»:

""'

225

2.2.43:

«,

”

’

.—

, «

5-1-4...'

‘-

.-__,.._4,-..;_

‘

»-

».

»,

’

‘,

“

552

»« .4w

“25”

2.5;

‘

14.2.»

‘zé;,»‘;s:‘25.

52,4114

.»

1’

.‘3

‘

,;53,;j;;y.,4;_:_:"4

: '

144 N

.._:4=.

»* 24

.;:,,-

.‘22 23-422.”

2*“,"~~ ‘f :.:

521252224;2.25.31}

f. wm g, 1112334222322;

22,4395,

,:;§,f'22§.,”'2~ 2§§35(:EII""5=1:1»fhgkx‘gluisi'

5 22 '

Q2 ~

.-32,.,,

‘

’

‘

4»

l’f

----

.4."

4-.

525 2233222 5:55 2 3 a. ‘ 2 , 2222222222352 2s"32:22.22525424==zfg132225:25:22 A 35,52 ‘-"*»4»‘“:: fi: 225222122223

22222 2:4...

2422222222252»

212224213

222-5: 522222252222WQ5-z?23

12,5 2

222,222

2a? 2" 23522222222222'

2222

222

”2222221242222

,4«,45,;2,54¢.«

2317129522

‘2’

w4t2 Jam" ”22‘s

2.22222}, "232

“222132251215,

225? ??j?ww

423,255,5222252

'»_-',” 2's" anyway?“

252, "é>75444a§5‘£222222222s4«45 222»

55,4.

4.34244

2222222222222“3:22; 2:5” w‘:

“v4

.232522224:

42222

‘3.25.3522212

2:2.

x" 2 ,, h.5 “mu, .24‘22222222222 {252221221’52125222122’12 ?M‘?f? d 44 Jun-Q 5, ft: ;““‘4'122‘w213 “22222222 .

”‘2'

44 m, 5122222 2225.32:

“2“

WWW;

252221

“”*223:212‘,2v;..

w“

2352212223.

,. 22,4454

2”,"2

«2222122422122,

2.2554525.4~42§34w

22.

,“2:'5*2,;24»2214,4'<44z..,

lzzQ',;J.4,“.«2223

“4:2

'~',

‘

;

:4‘

f ‘

’

:,._

»' '-

214?

-’

‘»

‘ii»

1,31:

»e

’ ‘

4 »

35:5

.s:

252255522".

. .

5,4

‘

-»

’

2:31;

... ,

"4:4.

«3,4.

2:2

,..-»

,»

».:35

’:‘i‘

»’ '

’

»'

22g ;§22~»’2212,225‘232§gu2 K'u’y aim” 2, 5M ‘ “222222221222«35445-222242 t 4"2222222522222“22222514; 4212321222“ 4.4 255422 2252 -':' 2, £232 213.232

“

«2

223, 2:2},

2 3» 2 5M, a:

52222“;

2.22”

:.:«z.«

«2.25222. 245,232 52522225;2452 £2“

24.2

,*5,22:23 52234422522”224,554. 22 53:5:2522522222222.;w2.4 32, “3,122 4<422223522222222222222522“4 4 £225 2:21“; Zea“ 45 32 “2222415222?“ 54 5» 4, “<2

4144;

2, »»

522§24f 2124,»

;t4-,:«5i2.5>;g~2,.,,,

xx,” 2 2272222222512 “41-m?x_21:'ki_*_'h1v?'?* 5222 223 «Q’wj‘ug'. 2 , $353 ”5521, ”2,2 2 “2235222212211“227 "225212222'22'222’22223‘" 225.2,2 f“?

4»

55:4“ 55

54.3432»

41,2

;

o o 0

yo u

f:;“.~r-;‘-‘;::\\‘.:-.

1,3;

Eff-5k.-

'_.1L37agt-5giige;

53:4“',","' £39$5§'5‘?,,\}-’$.j

WE,

“n

m“

e;,~!='A,-'-1:-~’<-‘"«".~"') ~..~-’.' 945-3» "szzi-T‘zir?t;\z-Ii:%?;~.-q\ ‘-‘—11=“;:.=~=.r-'»< .

~‘r’~,7

‘a.-‘é‘»:§;.";_r«'

hx~

31.”

f," was. ?gfgriz?jk, : '.~.~j;

?w‘?c

wu??p'w'i“ 31:0;

44;

it.

'-a”

‘

’

-' ‘

':f‘Sic—$45$~";-‘.':\'~,'1."_~‘;'.j;";z",';'.§':‘§:~,':PL’;‘:§'_«T.’F::2-1-7"':.L‘f':'-'~'5~~~'it-‘?tl'Z-i’SJ-"xi‘il'."H5iisi'l?ii-‘f-A'fill'fl‘?

~‘r--€

‘

:~.‘,~L; A, ::'-_'._-~.;_}{;;~.~_~:-,- .:"-. 333m, ._E'.'.\:(-.f.>5§-_-45119525.94,133},;~'.'-;',:_._-'-,'.',=;\.';;:.'.-~_.-'-; \_\:-'.'.‘.'\ ‘._~'.~j’f.,~.;:. "-” $5 '3 v :;.1.~.-.-_-.:.--':-:-.~4 t3~-'-:~-"’-‘1 !-.»-'~:-:‘._€:.-f '¢:~—”-?-‘~“.-‘:‘ ‘-!?-'~'»-’-“-" a—tl.-.:.: 1‘031-.':':T"4"‘ an"; ..:--.~ 3.3.1: 'f? xv“ we.» r r-.-:.5-711‘4'.:5'_'2;‘ff-vF.’-'l;~':2~“.".‘é-'?::i 1.153; -.z:4-3-5;-:-:'5;;=»:<1:-:<-;-'t;:€;-:-:nz:~.. .1€'§-'7\1‘?21‘zf§’i?-;'?it'f!;:;;;§;€~‘»E;S{:< 2':;:~'£i:;:-‘,~1r_¢~f;:-;:#?—.—;~_~ 15:55. ?gigtsé‘s'??zééf-“71h’;-p_\‘:~’€:,‘,tf-j..:~g-.F.;i »::~.::-Tx_q.'3£‘,‘::£‘ 45,157?! -‘_:

-,~_i

{5.9

g if

‘--.'-‘

"l;-

-\’-zs'1',’.§.?r?.-:f~'-_. as

yjf—mth”

-:‘-:.rf-»=‘r.f.':=aff

‘-£15.93.-;~.:%.-'.~.~{r???r-sfz‘ns?i“%£;f&;{st:=:aa-".'ff:’:-3‘:§f31'.:

<”A,~">“¢”»“\,I'L\

' if

Well on Sept 13th you can ?nd out. The ?rstissueofCompu?ngAge w.” be available on the newstand.On the front will be a FREE 32 page booklet assessing the seven best new generation micros how does your computer stack up with the best? -

E!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!_

====EEEEEEEEEEEEEE _

With the emphasis ?rmly on applications, new developmentsand strong communicationscoverage,the ?rst issue explains how to log onto TelecomGold; the incredible speed and storagepossibilities of compact discs; blowing your EPROM on the BBC; a comparisonof new 16 bit machinesandwhatNOTto buy this Christmas.

monthly magazineaimed at the serious computer enthusiast.

—

E!!!!!!E!!!!!‘!---

Computing Age is a brand new

If you’re serious about computing, get Computing Age, on sale Sept 13th.

‘

ssezszszsszszsessgs

3”

=------|-—-

__—___—

IF you've ever played card games the chances are that you've

Try your hand at STE PH E N S BOX_LEY Challenglng

.-‘d

‘

? V

”Ll-u;a

;~_

[£5

a”

‘

A//////////////////’-\

think

i‘h,

)

—

_______—

—

—'2'=—_0_l’-J.—l.-r'

=;-}J,J;a:=

_'?.‘"-_-:2?§'l _

have

the

same

including Pontoon,

the

‘

about it! Once you've entered your bet y0u have the options of twisting getting another card or sticking accepting your present total. The T and 8 keys are used to select your choice of action. In the version of the game played by the program, a five card trick beats everything except — Pontoon itself. As is customary in gambling dens, if you and the dealer

if-

«——

negative amount lost, your score

—

‘% '

The first two cards are displayed and you are asked to bet. —

Atarl card game

eyeshield.

You cannot beta because if you would increase

at one time or played another. Maybe you called it 21, but the game remains the same. This program lets you play the game against your Atari. After the title screen has been displayed you'll have to wait just under half a minute while the lower case alphabet is redefined to show the multicoloured num— bers displayed on the cards. Once you've entered your name you're ready to play, so roll up your sleeves and pull down the Pontoon

hand,

’

“

’

—__——-|—-—_—___EEr

dealer -

wins.

The computer doesn't cheat — it decides whether it should twist or stick without looking at your

cards. The program was written Atari 800 and has been

on an

{we

Wi%

tried 800XL a on 600XL, successfully and 130XE. It runs in 16k.

huma n got OFCT Has ?ve card trleComputer FCT 0 Card. 5 Sun; sition of cardQ Horizontal-{9 {card0 Vertical posmono “5tDL DisplaV r's score-

Comp“?

soon? BE

1231255ch of NW

MOMEY

Amount

ore

(We

MAJORVAmABLES ?ve card INCk-

TOTAL

————> 590

65°

1000 1018

2000 3000 302°

left.

SUBROUTINES

Prints cards on scre Chooses a card a n den. Stores 't 30 it won't USEd again in th'lS be game. Adds up score and Cheeks to see if YOU'VE busted.

Humanh OSt' 6,5 Computer 3 go. p rmts computer's SC me Computerbusted |

'°Si3333 gompmerhas et enter

5500

WhO's

Woefé

October 7985 ATARI USER

IIIIiiIiiIIiiI!iiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII s nan * POITOOI *

200 0010 81,01,01,72,64,72,01,64,72,72

a can u

,01,0,0,01,01.81,72,64,72,01,64,72,72, s1,9,a,7z,7z,72,7z,47,47,.,.,7z 210 para 01,4z,47,50,0,0,01,01,01,72,0 4,72,31,54,72,72,31,9,.

* 7 RE" 0 Stephen * * 0 REM * noxley by

0:54:79:n:10s:s=sss:c=ssz77:u:sxz40 =’°=704=°L=PEEK(560)*255*PEEK(551)=°=P Ecxtn)-0:o:1:snapulcs 0:HP:196 20 Pal! P,0=n=256*?:PoKEs.40:pox£ 5.3 =P°KE H."P=V=l7=P°KE31:1=N°IEY=1° 30 FOR I=M512 TO M1024H'0KE 1,0:IEKT I:FOR 1:5124V?l TO M5104?:0EGO MP0! E I,O:IERT I:POKE PO,55 40 DOTO 0,17,35,255,32,10,0 50 FOR T:6 TO 20:POKE OL+T,4:0EHT T:PO If OL*3,69:POKE 709,23:SETCOLOR 2,15,1 5=5ETCOLOR 0.15.15 10

60 DIN

25(40):Z$:"--—(DEDICOTEO

HM!

IIIET ?IlLEV) “:SOIIIO 0,255,4,15 70 FOR 8:1 TO 37:I|P:I|P-4:POSITIOI 0,0: ? “II":POSITIOI 39,0:7 ZS(H,K):POKE It," " P:IEI(T H:POSITIOI 0,0:‘! “ 80 POIE II,0:SO|IIO 0,0,0,0:POSITIOI 34, 0:? “ ":FOR K=1 TO 255:SETOOLOR 2.11.12 :SETOOLOR 0,3,12:IEHT x 90 POKE DLf7,6:POKE 0L*0,6:POSITIOI 1, 2:? "spl‘okkley presents“:FOlt I=H+512+Y TO "0510+VH’OKE 1.0:IEIIT I 95 wanna n my mug?m Izmwsu 451mm» MPOKE 1.4mm" mm» 0.0.5 6,124,255,255.102,0 100 pox: pc,71:souuo 0,215,1z,10:r00 r :40 TO 121:POKE 0,1:Fon 7:1 To 11=IEKT v:u£xr r 1.5 FOR 7:8 To 15:50IIID 0,200.5,Tit2A 2=IEHT T=POK£-H*l.1zxzpoxi 705,51 110 ron 7:00 TO 0; STEP —1:nEno AzpoxE n4s404v,a:utxr v:0ara so,30,z4,24,255 »2‘-5°»24 12. SOUND 0,0...0=FOR T=123 To 240=POK E

H,T:l?"

130 pox: pL+1z,7:poxE TO

“POSITION 6,6:?

pu1x,7:ron t=1

'_!":SO|IID

,ao,.,u:ron 1:1“ to 1 sup 140 SOIIII) 0,zu0,0.zu4:nzxr ,0,0,0:POSITIOH 6,6:? “

1L5=POSITIOI 0,0:? "Il‘itten

by:

(24):05:"024060024126024016066066":05= "024060153126024231129000"

17. cs:"02418’09006002403M6129“:05:" 024060152126025036066036“:E5:“02406002 4109090024036102“:IlP2123 100 RESTORE 200:FOR T:1 TO 54:03“? MS

0,0,10,15:SOIIID 1,0*2,10,15:Z:IIT (00040)*s):cosu0 191+Z:S:1:J=3 190 FOR 1:6404NOY TO 647?HV:POKE LUO L(Z$(S,J)):S:Sf3:J:J+I:HEHT I:SOIIIO 0, 0,0,0:SOI|I0 1,0,0,0:lExT “SOTO 260

15:05:05“!!! ZS:05:RETIIRI 25:05:05TIIRI 25:05:05TIIRI 25:55:0ETIIRI

20 ATAR/ USER

October 7985

233 para 29g pom

20,20,05,4,4,17,17,0,4,21,21,51,63,63,

1:51"

63,63,12,12,0,12,12,63,63,63,63.12,12 540 POKE 700,0:POIE 709,10:POKE 710,52 :POKE 711,255:POKE 712,8:DIH I5(15):‘! "KPLEQSE NOTE"

24,50,24,23,25,24,2.,35

24‘sg'24,3g'24'24'2.’25

3.9 mug 24,59,24,24,52,33,24,29 310 para z4,59,24,24,52,33,35,34 320 POKE 0,0:0005 n+1,0:ron T=6 to 20: pox: “41,4351" n? “KNIT “smucuo usqg-lgopgu “1,4,5,--(:ulgpox[ 739m 330 POKE 70555311“: 71555551 111,011 F 000501)?!" "4“ com 393 340 IF 0005“) ()“Y" THE. 9 "1117 ”15551 IG' 7 or l-lgcom 339 359 2 "unsmucuousgngq "nus a”: 15 Exactly LIKE BLOCKJQCKJH? "you mm: TO SCORE A MRI!!!" of 21." 353 7 "JMKSAWEEIS “p (1.55 an con“ 1' as TEI.IF AI ACE GOES up you mm E

550 ? :? "& =SPnDES“:? :? “'

rune MIT IT m 05:1 or 0":? 370 ? “DECIDE

no 11

300 ? "nope von EuJov uznzn

40m 0? ”£551“ menu

OITOOI

vou

‘! “555555 SSSSSS":? "5

010

84,1,1,1,4,16,64,05,05,1,1,05 ,1,1,1,87,0,20,60,60,60,05,4,4,05,64,6 4,85,1,1,65,20 OQTA

400 IMT? 20,64,64,04,65,65,65,20,0,05,

05,1,5,20,16,16,Z0,65,65,20,20,65,65,2 0

5":?

":POKE 02,1:‘!

555555 S

555555

s 5

52° ? "5 5

KEY":GET 81,

5”

"S S $“=? “5

:? “PRESS

5":? "5

"555555

555555

55 $555 555555":0Hm0 630 60500 590:? :? :GOSIIB 590:DIH SS(5

555555

4),cc(s4):n=0:u:0

756,00/256

5,252,3,3,3,12,48,192,255,255,3,3,255, 3:3.31255 430 OOTO 0,60,204,204,204,255,12.12,25 5,192,192,255,3,3,195.60,60,192,192,25 2,195,195,195.50 440 00“! 0,255,255,3,15,60,40,46,60,19 5,195,60, 60,195,195, 60, 60,195,195,63,3 ,3,12.240 450 DATO 207,207,207,207,207,207,207,2 07,255,12,12,12,12,12,204,252,60,195,1 95,195,195,195,204,51 460 DA"! 195,195,204,240,240,204,195,1 95.20,05,ss.05,05,05.05,05

‘"=°f°‘=°=F°T=°

500 ? "s

:-_3

1023:0YTE=PEEK(57344+L):POKE cu+L, BYTETIERT Ll? "HEM“.Y FIIISHED!!" 410 MKE 712,48:FOR 7:97 To 122:c:r:c= c*0:FOR L=0 TO 7:41:00 0?TE:POKE cmcu

490

“;05:?

590

a or

470

=HEORTS“=?

M? 9'0“ 580 POSITIOI 2,0=? “5°“ 5“

anvxuc POITOOI.

T:POKE

=OLHOS“:?

“) =°I??0l°5"=? ? "j OI! I =TI|E MINER TEII101“ 555 ? :? “VOII "QUE THE TOP 00“ OF 0000 S":'.' :? "VOII IIMIE 10 CHIPSIMIEV) TO P m HINT" 556 ? :? “IF 0 OROHJEOLERITHE OOII’IITE 0!!]HIIS!!" 560 ‘2 :'! :? "PRESS 0 KEY":GET 01,03? " KIIMT IS YOIIR ME??“:IIPIIT 05 570 ? "K":POSITIOI 2,0:? "IELOOlE TO P

3,0 “an55 “.v [£7 to STORT“:GET 01,0:F00 rzs TO 20:poxE DLfT,4:lExT r: ? u; pLEQSE 3.11-1.111.LIZI.5u 4.. “£579“: 42. 405 CH=PEEK(106):cn=(CH-0)!256:FOR L:0 1)

“(

,BYTE:IEHT HIE!“

160 01! 05(24),05(24),05(24),05(24),ES

191 192 193 194 195

419 RE" 420 DOTh 60,195,195,195,255,195,195,19

1905“:V=83

OHIO

0,255,10,15:SOIIIO o,g,.,.:.zm 32.

1:54:11» 0

":H:2

200 run 1:1 to 30 STEP 4:np=up+4zn£sro a: 280+(IlT(RIO(0)*4)*10):FOR 1:047404 0 to H+V+647:n£ap a 270 not: 1,A:u:ur 1:0015 53249,HP:SOHI

-1

AzzuzzAzmzxr ”POSITION 5,5 150 ? '_!":POKE DL’15,6:POKE OLO

65,65.65.65.65.68,84 499 Data 55.55.00.00.80.68.65.65 500 RESTORE 510:F00 1:2 TO 9:0:T:C-c*8 =FUR L=0 To 7=REOD BYTE=P°KE C?*l*°:57 r£:u£xr Lzusur 1 510 0010 255,255,255,255,255,255,2ss,2 55.85.85,85,05,05,05,05,05,170,170,170 ,170,170,170,170,170,as.170.05.170 520 DATA 05,170,05,170,20,20,0s,05,05,

040 com 000 650 CZIIT(RIO(0)*13)41:V:C:S:IIT(RIO(0

nuumzmncc(m:c:ssm:s:xr

0:1

E" 580 0:1 TO (I-l):IF 00(0):c “0 THE! I=l-1:GOTO 050 570 IE!" 0 680 IF SC! THEI C:O*109:GOTO 700 660

FOR

(”25

690 0:04-96 700 POSITION 2*O.4*O:? CHRS(C):POSITIO ~

I 5’0,4*0=? CHR$(C):POSITIOI200,90“? CHR5‘0):POSITIOI 510,91“? 000510) 710 00511100

300.5“)?! 0005(Sf37);0005 (5137):POSITIOI 310.0“)?! 00056537)“:

HRS(S*37) 720 IF 0:1 RIO 0:0 "15! GOSIIB 1100:I!ET

I!“ 730 IF 0:1 TNEI 605110 3100 740 RETIIRI 800 0:0:5000E:0:GOSI|0 650:GOSI10

1000“! 10001505!“ 5000:P OSITIOI 0,1:POKE DLiO,2 :0*0:GOSIIO 650:GOSIIO

20,65,65,21,1,1,4,00,69,69,69 ,69,69,69,69,69,05,4,4,4,4,4,60,04,20, DOTO

010

MST

BTICK??":GET 01,

_—————_——

P—_—‘—“——

\ I‘

0115 01111510):"1" 41005110

0:010100115 0110. 100010010 040

111511

0501005110

020 15 01105101:--5"

0010 900

111511

‘

’

0.110010 010 040 00115 01+0,z:1105111011 0,112 " 111151 011 5110112--1051 01,0 050 15 01105101:--1" 111511 00115 01.10.4111: 0101005110 0501005110 1000:0010 000 000 15 01111510):--5-- 111511 900 870 SOTO 840 0.10 005111011

‘

00115 01.10.21005111011 0,11?

0110

511011?":051 111.0115 c1111$101=n 1.15. 990

s--

1050 0015 0110.4:0: 1111110051111 0501005110 1000100511100 0.1: 1 "51115 00005 15 10011 L0!!!":GOTI) 095 091 0010 000 095 5011 1:1 10 4001115111 110501:1 900 00115 0110,41005111011 0,11? "01101,v 00 511011 011 "15001151" "1? "c

MHTERS GO!!! --

":PBSIT10l 0,2:

,__

l1-.-~-1-.

qggq.

1. ln'l.l-'=--‘.-v,-

=—_—

m—

111

5" 507° 550° 2010 0:010100500

0501005110

“00:15

101

' -

0016 THE! 50“) 5500

2020 0:0101005110 0501005110 3000115 101 0010 111511 0010 5500 20:10 0:0101005110 550100500 10001501z1: 0010 5500 3000 IF 0:11 111511

1111105

0:12

0110

{ -

0:13 "IE. 0:10

OI!

)

1111110511 ,'

905

1:1

5011

10 2001115111

3005 15 11:14

1:0z:0

010 005111011 0.2:2

"10010 2000

”9

5110

1000 15 0:11 00 0:12 011 11:13 111511 11:10 1005 15 11:14 111511 11:11 1010 500115:50005w1005111011 0,211 "51:0

“?????i?????'?l

1000115 1010010

0501005110

Z/‘ ,

«(3

FE“ 4

101005110

011

090 15 000510):"1"

\_/

[01151

JP" I?

”w

’

(

111511

0:11

1’

3010 1010L:10101+0:1105111011 2.2112 "00 101015115 500115:";10101.:15 10101<22 111511 5011 1:1 10 2501115111 1111510011 3020 5011 1:1 10 1901115111 11? "1100101115 0-5 011515011" 3025 2 "11011511 1105 11101150550 01 "105112

05:--;50005;" sonar-111011511"

"11011511=";110115v+(211051)11101151:1101151+(z

051:--;051

1" 1015 2 "11100 110115 1111515011" 1010 500110 0,255,10,15 1020 7 "1101151 050050550 111 "min-?!!! "1? “MIEYT'HIMEYHF 110115100 111511 104

11051)

1040

"115 50005<22

1030

5011

1:1 10

111511

1151111111

0001115111 112

"11110

110115

110115v--:? "51100551 1011 555-0 10011 511011 (1111-1? 1? 1501100 0,0,0,0:0010 1140 1040 500 1:1 10 05010501 1150000 0,0,0

,0:0:010:0:11:01500115:0:10101:01500 1:1 10 52:55(n:o:cc(n:0:l?? 1 1050 2 "11 "12 12 1005110 50011 1:1 11; 0500 5001051z010010 000 1100 005111011 0,21? "15 11115 1.115 001110 10 05 11511 113111" 1110 00115 0117.21051 111.0115 01111510):" 0" 111511 0:1100115 0L+7,41005111011 0,212 ..

3030

5011110

"11

1050 0015 0117,410 "

"11151111111

1130 0010 1100 1140 2 "111011 00011111 011 111"1051 111,011 11 5 c1105101=-1-- 111511 2 "110110111--10010 70 1150 15 011115101:"11" 111511 1 "11001: 51105 011-115110

1100 2 "111110010 1140 1170 50000 0,0,0,0=0:010:010:0150005:0 11010L:015011 1:1 10 5215511):0100111=0 1115111 1:11011511:10:051:0 1100 7 u; 11:1 y, 1005110 5,1"? g; was “5 5395010 8“ 2000 0:0:0:10:005110 0501005011 100010:0

"12

1? 1005110 59012

\~~

1? 100

\\\»\

5001051:0:0010 000 3100 IF 11:11 111511 11:14:05111011 3110 IF IOTALMHSWRE 011 1010141921

51111

THE! 0:11051000 3120 0:14:051111111

5000 15 051)11011511

“101-11111051150 your-10010 1010 5550 15 500115<1010L 111511 2 "111 011 11151 100 0000 5011 100111100 10511"10010 101

0110

5000 005111011 1.1112 "10101 15 1115 0512 "1111100 500011110111 051111100 40000 5001 15 0510111110511 111511 0010 5000 5005 15 051)1101151 111511 500110 0,255.10, 1512 "11011 110115 1101 51100011 10 051 "1051 1"! !":F011 1:1 10 5001115111 1 111511

005111011

1.121?

5500 15 101010300115 111511 2 "1111011105 05 01511 151 11111111 100 011501501"10010 102 5

5570 15 500115=1010L 111

5000 5010 15 051(1 1050 50000 0,255,10,1517 --c1150111~-11=00 1:1 10 2001115111 11500110 "15011110

1120 15 cuns10):nsn 3411105111011 0,21?

10 000111

1500115:0

"111510

1111

0,50,10,151500 1:1

1:0:0:0:0:11:01500110 0.0.0.015011 1: 10 5215511):01ccm:01115111 1110101:0

5111

0.0.0.0:0010

1115

111511

2 "110 011011110

0501511 01110115 11111511"10010

5500 ? "011 05011 "1505-5

011

1010

51111011H15100

-0.0.0.01005111011 1.1212 -5015 15 05111 111511 0010 5000 5020 1105111011 1.1112 -"1005111011 17,212

‘

051:";05111101151:1101151—05111151111111

5500 1105111011 2,211?

"1115 00190150 511

"11010115011 1:1 10 1501115111 1 5510 15 10101:21 0110 0:0 111511 a» "111 110 05 0001000,n0-n011"10010 1010 5520 15 500115:21 0110 01:11 111511 1 "111011 110115 0 00010001105015 E!!":GOTo 3025 5510 15 0501:1 111511 2 "111011 11005 0 5111 E 00110 “ch11 L051.":Goto “25:11:11 5540 15 501:1 111511 2 "01 110115 0 51115 1: 0115

011

Tired Of tVPiNQ? Take advantage of our finger—saving offer on Page 61.

October 7985 ATARI USER

SINCE writing RAW, the 6502 assembler which appeared in the August issue of Atari User, I've made a few modifications which

greatly improve its performance. An

extra

variable

been

has

added, SHOW. This indicates a listing is required. If whether SHOW is zero then nothing is not

gzrztizeznatnz?s:gri§néit;Is

When the listing is disabled it assembles the code 25 per cent faster. Place it at the start of the assembly listing like this: 10 SHUU=B

The other major change is that it no longer uses any of page 6 for its workspace. This leaves an extra 55 bytes free for your own routines. The machine code sub— routine it uses is placed in a string and the start of the string is

called. To convert it and enter

the assembler, load Listing | then save the

modified form. _

$1 i;°::::n“"""

amn5”. 1, sum: ms- me we”, 55 mvzssusosm ngzp-zs??gam 00:2 “=": 54" 2' mm 5110 IF 6$=”£n" m

2:3“?

xfii57““"

LWW'“

“3; madntcmsx,mtts:,ma.?i as“ I, not suit mu me“ 7m mgmmmms),mus;,mm Sn

$2.12.

_ 3:3 M. Z mm, ...-,................... mm mustssmlmu me not asus),rs¢s:,nsusi.tsuow.

ROLAN D WADDI

LOVE

hexadeCImaI/ASCII memory REGULAR readers of Atari. User should by now haye_qU|te a powerful toolkit consrstmg of an assembler, disassembler and data maker. To complement these,

here is a hexadecimal/Ascii memory dump utility written entirely in machine code. Although memory dump utilities are fairly common, this little routine is far from standard. The program is written in machine code and resides in page 6. This area of memory is not used by Basic or the operating system, so is free for utilities such as this. The machine code is unaffected by LOAD, SAVE or NEW. This makes it possible to run Basic programs at the same time and examine how they are stored in the memory. The operating system can be examined and the system variables can also be moni— tored. The routine displays 192 memory locations on a Graphics 0 screen in both and When it hexadecrmal. Ascu. has completed this task it goes back and displays the same 192 locations again. This is repeated until one of the keys is pressed '

Listr'ng/

n “m.I

X=USRl1536.nl

where n is the address from which to start displaying. To return to Basic

‘

press the space bar. Pressing the cursor up key will increment the start address by 8 and the display scrolls up. Cursor down decrements the start address by 8, scrolling the screen down. The screen _

continues scrolling until any other key is pressed. Return is the most '

to zo

lbnitor my, uni lg mammal”.

RED!

3! it]! to uni user 40 an immune,» 5. F“ 1:0 TO 235 3. if” ”W5 lm‘IoJ 7. t“ 1 5“ “I“ 1“"“""“'1'”'“5'”'72'

169.0,1u,162,4,us.u.13s,m,251,2n

‘123'21223’23’35’22;‘:'i§i'3’2‘ I l l l I I l i I

::.".1‘~z:3?;?:th12"z:3 _

dump utlllty

enter:

WOU'd take a long tfm‘?‘ remember this IS HOWever, that machine code. The routine updates the screen 30 or 40 times a second. The advantage of constantly dis— playing the same area of memory A50”

is that locations over and over again and that change arernstantly updated can be The system easrly. seenqurte can be seen Clock, for _|nstance,_ rapidly ticking away in page zero. To monitor any section of memory

mm‘égmez?rz:m 2m muons”; um

presents

we s:- nn

6,165.09,141.22Q,8.141,2.I,6,

us,z1z,u1,u,s,1ss,zn.“imam”, 510 mm

24,133,214,169,1,131,216,169,

31.113.215.173.”.6.32.207.5.173mm 5“ nu 32,207,5,zu.us,1sz,n,1n,u Program/

22 ATARI USER

October 7985

Utility

__.__——_

‘

convenient key to stop. The scrolling is very fast. The routine takes about three seconds to whizz through 1k of memory, so ifs very easy to move backwards or forwards through RAM or ROM. There's quite a lot to be learned by scanning the memory using the monitor. Try looking at page 0 first. The clock can be seen ticking away at $12—$14. Every time $14 reaches 0 $45 is incremented. Press a key and $45 is reset to zero. is the 6502 stack. This can Page be seen to be flashing quite rapidly as data is pushed on and pulled off. $228 is interesting. When a key is pressed the delay before auto repeat comes into operation iS placed here. This counts down to zero, and if the key is still being pressed the auto repeat delay ls placed here. Again {ms

The golden rule of machine .

COdQ Programmmg save it tWIce before -

until

a‘ways

you know

running

it's

bug-free,

’

an assembly listing for anyone With an assembler. .

Remember the golden rule of machine code programming—always

before running it until you know it's bug-free. After setting _

save it tWice

up the routine you can type NEW and load a Basic program.

counts The

zero“ BaSlC line buffer is around $580. You can see here what you ve lUST typed in. 38550 programs are Stored at around $1 F3O on my Atari 800 XL with disc drive. It may be different on

dow,” t?

other Ataris. If you want to use RAW to enter the assemb|y listing you'” need to use the modified version. An alternative is to assemble the routine at a different .

me?zriol?fiigors'quite complicated .

and care. needs. “termg W'Fh Program W'" p°kethe data ”‘to page 6 and set Up the routine. Program ” '5 .

1 5mm 1. M“ m 55“ 2. “5" 30 M10 .li!=$M,.lah:$DS 32 “T“ “mus“

323 330 340 350

.:;f:::

22:

31:

40 um

.a«l=$550,.ad¢h=5653

5. ppm .ciir1:55i:ii,.tiirii:55cs i. “m .pl:$8£4,.ph=$6£5 55 RE! 70 mm mm.» MJEQ nuns 73 um mini.“ ammo 75 MM up 33,1“.be m 77 mm imin??l (88).V,DE'I,ME wipe as um xiii: 89,55“qu wipe 83 M70 Ptaism 89 I.“ D?'? PL“,5T? “h,PLA,5T? “l “5 “7“ '5t" 110 um um 83,570 [01,510 cart 120 MM [M 89.5“ Mi,th chrii 130 um um inns“ mm 140 Dim um namsm “db 150 pm i.» um“ line 160 MM mere 155 mm m 811,510 ppm.» im,sta pp 1

170 Dim LM aiminisn

0,4,32,191,'6,230,215,232,224,8,208,243 550 um 24,173,08,6,105.8.u1,u.6,17 3,83,a,105,0,141,89.6,24,173,2za 560 mm s.105,40,141,220,5,1u,202,5, 173,229,6,105,0,141,229,6,141,201.6 570 Mtii us,214,2|a.175.173,252,2,2u

,u,2u,1s.24,165,212.105,8,1n.212,16 5.213 530 mm

105.0,113.213,75,3x,5,2u,1s, zu,1s.1ss,212,2u,s,133,212,1ss,2u,2 n 590 mm

ii,133,213,76,33,s.2u.n,m,

249,95,72,201.95,175.3,55,233,32,1u su iiimi 215.153,210,4,230,215,1MJz,

74,74,74,74,32,zu,s,1o4,154,na,u,1s 619 Ml“

248,24,105.1“,105;32,216,153

,210.4,230,ZIGJGJJJJJJ,’

in “2 m 200 210 215 220 225 230 240

2“ (hr!

prnt MM um “411,an prnt Dim mm mu M“ mm Min um win Dim Dim

246 M“ 250 Mm 280 Mm

no mm mm MM mm ”I“

31:

m no 3” 4“

M" mm RE“ mm 401 Mm 402 nm 401 Mm

strt

m .u ?l’ L” L”

MSJIE rk2 nusnc 133.5“ rial “a“ “5's“ “5“

;

strt Jr: on mum

mitts

M.“ PM em mmcs ou,sec,ssc an .oir1.i.iw pp1,stii 123mm“

p1,mi 410 um ‘19 NM 420 b?f?

“9 440 4150

455 460 470

m us

M“ um mm Mm Mm mm mm pitta MM

590 590 RH! 600 mm

.prnt PM L5“ m m .pr m an

“ylsl

?,LSR LLSR “

ppz user

snmmmm: 0590.0": $20,ch

5:0 mm Iiic gm ms EID

nit: ppz m in

do» L” 1234.3,JSR prin nu: ppz 1“,ch 1mm loop cu: up addh?c 88.5" a“! um alumni: 180.5“ mm. um.» plmoi: 340.5" pl,sm I.“

when was“ pins“ chrli 551: lineJlE lien Ln 264,130 mum in 2” DM’A mam mum: 88,570 all 3.0 MIT“ Uh Rabbit 00,51‘ lulu

’

Tired Of typing? Take advantage of our finger—savingoffer on Page 61. _

Program // October 7985 ATARI USER

AI ARI JIKSZO S l 1-3-3

AVAILABLE!

in;

7,7

' ‘ .

I»HN

‘

A‘

‘rwN‘;

:E?§ ER; 99

szosr

ATARI

COMPUTER SYSTEM COMES COMPLETE WITH 3’x’2”500K DISK DRIVE HI-RES MONOCHROME MONITOR MOUSE, TOS, LOGO BASIC, GEM WRITE. GEM PAINT

DlSKS 3‘/z" SS/DD £4.60 £6.96 3I/z” HEADCLEANER £14.96 ALL MAKES IN STOCK

GEM DESK TOP, DEMO

372" DS/DD

HABA CHEQUE KEEPER PersonnfrI Finance Program HABA COM Communication Software) HABA HIPPO ‘C’ Powerful ’C' Language

5ZOST to Centronics Printer. .£24.99 .

MIDI to MIDI LEADS £1995

HABA CALC

M OUS E EXTENSION LEADS

HABA WORD

‘

Coming Soon CaII for more Software

£1499 '

5208T to MODEM LEAD .

£19.95

TO ORDER YOUR 5208T WRITE OR PHONE TO TELEPHONE ORDERS NOW BEING TAKEN

S ARE EXPRES’II/l/

—,

{MAKE} _

[NTERNA ERDINGTON, T/ONAL BIRMINGHAM

‘T

31 STONEYHURST ROAD,

TELEPHONE(021) 384 5080 .

r \

SAVE/IT N

‘sruomne

(02II384 508“

NOTE AIL ORDERS TAKEN WITH EITHER FULLT OR WMR (JRITDEFSISS'FTEVXIOI/ ng?gség??crHDFlON?L I

..--

ATARI IS THE RE64 TRADEMARK OF ATARI CORP. LTD. ALL IMFORMATION CORRECT AT TIME OF GOING TO PRESS

::::::::;:::

llllllllllll'.‘|it. ,

. ,,

seareiiswv?‘ ‘

“~~”T’“1“’“*‘* ‘

“4-4-xautef?ir—é ‘

"‘:‘TA is

‘

-:-

~ »

‘l

a:{Hi u...

M}.

mir‘jfifl??‘?

._,

‘

“l""l'f‘llwltith‘!

3.3.17—

‘

" .

“7.1". g:

p—

an:

”a,

“j

‘

.::

‘

it'

hiya? it ~

,,,—e

<M,,,,,::=

ill

“f‘”.

54.

=====Ea

lllll “"'

. ,

‘

, :

_ ”'

"“!!::

pf? 'r

personalpassport world of communications

to the

ii”: In |

i”:

——

"‘"""

"'"“""“

‘

’

first: iii:

.!n llllli're,

135333325

1; a

llilllltllit m:

”will“

77“

”A“;

till

“mm

ll‘ml?l llll?lllll‘ u maul

iii. lllll

3,2;

‘ ,

lllll

32?

"'"

fj?

liming: nun":-

‘ ,.

mm“ anaemia

"l"

'i ,

'. “than “it.

m" its:

, '

‘f

' ’

with

ELECOM QOLD

a 7

’

,,,:

VrelleL‘O”1(;UiltllU\

T 7»

——————

————_

Give your micro mam fr ame power

We’re only a local p ll one C3 ll away

.._______~_.___.__...________._—

———_—“""—“‘__

With MicroLink your micro becomes aterminal linked directly to the Telecom Gold mainframe computer, and able to tap its tremendous power and versatility. Right away you‘ll be able to use giant number-crunching programs that can only run on a mainframe. You can set up your own computerised ?ling systems. store and update statistics and other information, cross-reference material between files, selectively extract the information you want, perform massive calculations and design reports to display information from any of the files and in any format you Ch0059-

More than 96 per cent of MicoLink subscribers can connect to our mainframe computer in London by making a local phone call. This is possible because they use British Telecom’s PSS system, which has access points all over Britain. A local phone call is all you need, too, for access to the international Dialcom system through

The biggest bulletin board Of them a“ ——

The number of bulletin boards is growing rapidly. New ones are springing up in all parts of Britain and all over the world, with people of like minds chatting to each other on all manner of subjects. The only snag is that the vast majority are ‘ Wthh means lots Of other single-user boards people are also trying to make contact and all too often all you get is the engaged tone. But with the MicroLink bulletin board there is no limit to the number Of people “5an it at the same time. And no limit to the number of categories that can be displayed on the board.

Irridrnnmk

Telecomr:

Bntish

—

The mailbox that is always open

Telemessages- at

MicroLink is in operation 24 hours a day, every day. That means you can access your mailbox

thll’d Of the

fns

communicate directly to 96.000 telex subscribers in the UK. It million worldwide and even with ships at sea via the telex satellite network. Business people can now send and receive telexes after office hours, from home or when in a telex travelling- YOU'Can hey during the_day and instruct MicroLink not to transmit it until after 8pm and save 10 per cent Off the C051!

MicroLink.

C051:

whenever you want. and from wherever you are even a hotel bedroom home. office. airport or golf club! No-one needs to know where you are when you send your message —

The modem equivalent Of the telegram is the telemessage, which if sent before 8pm is delivered by first post the following day (except Sunday Originally designed for people to phone their message via the operator. the service .costs.£3-50 for 50 words. Now it’s available via MicroLink and costs only £1.25 for up to 350 words! .

—

Send and receive telex messages With MicroLinkyou can turn your micro into

telex machine, and can send and receive telex messages of any length. You will be able to

iiiiiiiiiiiii

. I

ili??h.“ llmlnl illlllmlllll

lllllllll?ll

~ '

‘il‘milr'i‘t

;

‘

"ruminant“: ilmimm gig-::::=::::::: :::i’

“

lrl

‘

“

s»

I Eli 555k! a ?

i ls i 4:4 l I

|.' I!!! lllllllltgl llilmll?‘lll

'”

+1 ~

| ”i

3—42,

H 32-322ll: lllllllllll: lllll

5mm: H

5255.2! 5:

I .-' 1! :::=...: :.

'..'... : 55:55:

‘ f

him:

IIII III! sneezing—snug:

will II

’ ~

1's:

“l

III

.—

1,755; l“

i,.

l:P

l“

= a

= -

n: El III. l\. IIIIIIIII

“55555“

lll? 5“

zvfeee?:~

“2” ”

"5315135..."

‘7

fee:

“

4»

lltl “‘,_

’

”

Ea: if

lgllll

at.“

.,,

:i::::::':: Eh $3: lllll “it: at?

1""""“""’=:

ultiriillll

a rim:

. .. "15h”..- 5! -” g“ .A" LIES; ' j. ,

llll.

llllllll

‘

am:

”M

”1: -

HEP-M -

E!!!

I?"

55!

an,

”gin—if.

nu n will!

UU.

_—;,

"5mm“ in. ‘mm’ :::. .-::::::i=i we: minim ::::::::::::;!:: iii-“4maf?iiiiiima is -::::::.:::;-=:n Ulllllllm‘. ?'é/12==:::t::::=:il:i,,rlli’?izi-

iaL

, ,

~»

llllla?“

——————————. What does It

a“ cost" ————_—

Considering allthe services you have on tap’ MicroLink is remarkably inexpensive. You pay a once-only registration fee of £5, and then a standing charge of just £3 a month. On-line costs are 3.513 a minute (between 7pm and 8am) or 10.5p a minute during office hours. There is an additional 2p a minute PSS charge if you are calling from outside the 01" London call area. telex, tele-messages and storage of Charges for files are given on the next page.

P/c

___________.__.

Software over the telephone __________.__

to use MrcroLmk

How much it costs

Incoming telex: _50P for each correctly addressed telex delivered to your mailbox Obtaining a mailbox reference from the sender incurs a further charge of 50p. _

Initial registration

fee: £5.

Standing charge: £3 P3r calendar month _

01”

part.

It is not possible to deliver a telex without a mailbox WithOU‘ a a re,“ referenge- If mailbox (5‘ recalled reference the sender Will be advised of non-delivery and asked to provide a mailbox address. Each user validated for telex and using the facility will incur a charge of 6 storage units a month. Further storage charges could be incurred depending on the amount of telex storage and the use made of short COde and message ?le [Games

Connect charge: 3.5!) per minute or part cheap rate; 10.5p per minute or part_5tandard _

rate '.

to the Service.

connection

of Applicable for duration 1 minute. Minimum

charge: Cheap rate is?'om 7pm to 80m, Monday

Friday. all

n up O m “Z“"dtzyfnd?uilj'c m $2) d-Sazurdtay p m, O" D y Togdgys. (frnd exclbtflhg’guZlisc hilidazs.

Filing charge: 20p per unit of 2,048 characters per month. Applicable for Storage Of information, such a telex. short codes and mail files. The numberof units used is ‘ to an average calculated by reference

Information Databases:

____—__.___.._

T a 1k to t h e WOT 1d " by satel 1.‘te

___'.______—-—-———-———-

MicroLink is part

of the international

Dialcom .

network. In the USA, Australia and a growing number of other countries there are many thousands of users with electronic mailboxes just like yours. You can contact them just as easily as

Telemessages: £1.25 for up to 350 words. Radiopaging: No charge.

you d 0 u sers in Britain the onl y difference that the messages from your‘keyboafd 9° speeding around the WOYld Via satellite.

If you have a BT Radiopager you can be paged automatically whenever a message is waiting in your _

daily sample.

MicroLink is setting up a central store of software programs which you’ll be able to download directly into your micro. The range will include games, utilities, educational and business programs, and will cover all the most popular makes of micros.

mailbox

Various charges.

‘

Any charges that may be applicable are shown to you before you obtain access to the database.

lntemational Mail: For the first 2,048 characters 20p to Germany and Denmark; 30p to USA, Australia, Canada, Singapore, g?rrgggkbfusds)‘ Sgrs‘gcgerzfnl):dtbmglltga? For additional 1024 (1200/75 baud). Slingdlzgng$83.Ilsgael. p. Only applies to users outside the 01» London call area. —

What 310“ need to

’

These charges relate to the transmrssron of information by the Dialcom service to other Dialcom services outside the UK and the Isle of Man. Multiple copies to addresses on the same system hostincuronly one transmissmn charge.

Telex registration: £10,

telex: 5.5p per 100 characters (UK); llp per 100 (Europe); 16.5p per 100 (N. America); £1.15 per 400 (Rest ofworld): £2.75 per 400 (Ships at sea). Outgoing

All charges quoted are I ll b'll l sare ren d ere d fVAT C urrentya

exc

night service are

mont usilveo y.

‘Scoun sei?d'on the 5” a isgages Degercr?io m W p er ce" '

rosin-on

“nth

Application ~

J-)

enclose m

J) D D

Please indicate month of commencement

che ue for £5 a able to Database rquistratj on tel; 30 MicroLink.

also wish to use Telex l authorise you to charge an additional £10 to my initial bill for validation.

con?rm that

A. Direct Debiting Mandate (Enter full postal address of Bank Branch)

T°

am over 18 years of age.

l/We authorise you until further notice in writing to charge to my/ our account with you on or immediately after 15th day of each month unspeci?ed amounts which may be debited thereto at the instance of British Telecommunications plc—TELECOMGOLD byDirect Debit. Bills are issued 10 days before debit is processed.

“M

NameofAcwumtobedebned

Mailboxassigned

Account Number

Start date assword

m Elm

momcwsmm

mm m

B. Please .

C. Please invoice the

asucellieéltzrlelload Stockport SK7 5NY. .

(

l/We authorise you until further notice in writing to charge to my/ our account with you on or immediately after 15th day of each month unspeci?ed amounts which may be debited thereto at the instance of British Telecommunications plc—TELECOMGOLD. Bills are issued 10 days before charge is applied to your account.

Database Publications Europa House

Telecom Gold

debit my/ our

Access/Visa account number

SEND TO: MicroLink

Payment lWhilst Database Publications Ltd isthe supplier of all the services to you, the commission and billing thereof will be handled by Telecom Gold as agents for Database Publications Ltd. of month followmg commencement. Date of first to be payment on. 15th Please complete billing authorisation form A, B or C below: .

intend to use the following computer —*

Signature Date

Dav?me telephone

Allow 10 days for validation of mailbox

P ubli cati onsyas (

°°“““e"°e"‘e“‘°‘s"“°“

Form

l/We hereby apply to iorn M‘CYOLmk (

Postcode

AT 10 .

TE LE C 0M GOLD

Address

in assoc'atm"

You must have three things in order to use MicroLink: a computer (it can be any make of micro, hand-held dance or even an electronic provrded it has communications typewriter .. facilities), a modern (it can be a srmp l e Preste l type usrng 1200/75 baud, or a more sophisticated one operating at 300/300 or 1200/1200 baud), and appropriate communications software.

[tum [DEW

Name

‘

MicroLink

Billing and Payment:

access

_—_——_——-—

trademark of British Telecommunications

plc.

company/ authority.

select this option, which is ONLY AVAIIABLE to government establishments and public If you limited companies, you will be sent an authorisation form for completion which will require an official order number to accept unspecified amounts.

“

THIS month we're going to look at Mode 8, which has the highest resolution of all the modes. In its full—screen form, Mode 8 offers 192 rows x 320 columns or, to put it another way, 61440 pixels. —

With this many pixels, we can't “afford” any memory to hold colour so we can only display a information, colour, Single although the border and background can be different colours. Plotted points are the same colour as the background, but we can set the luminance of the plotted points—just as well really, otherwise we'd never see them Colour register 2 controls the colour and luminance of the back— ground.Type GR.8 to get to an empty

tie r 8 r

8“

8 al

Mode 8 screen. It looks like a regular Mode 0 screen but the word Ready is positioned close to the bottom. Now

between the line and the background. The luminance of plotted points is taken from the information in register 1, so to get a darker line we can either:

SETCO LOR 1’1’2 and to get

u t It

real lv Is .

Notice that the text in the text window is the same luminance as the plotted points. It goes dark and light as the line goes dark and light. You'll remember that the second parameter in the SETCOLOR com— mand specifies the colour to be used. However in Mode 8 the colour specified in register is ignored. Only the luminance parameter iS USGdThis means that you can use any number. Try: 1

and the screen will turn purple. To demonstrate that you do have Mode 8 and not Mode 0, press Return times. All text now

three

and you shouldn't see any difference. Hence, ltend to use a as the colour parameter because my fingers are 1

1. main“ 8 20 sermon 2.0,0 30 com: 1 to F0, 4:1“ m 2“ “a, 50 mt 3:0 to m STEP 2 60 not 9.5 at not “hm 80 El" MOE!“ a

has

disappeared out of the text Window, leaving only the cursor on the bottom line.

The colour and luminance of the' are controlled by register 4. We can demonstrate this by entering:

border

a rI

which should yield a blue— colour 8 border with luminance value of 2 around the purple screen. if W9 want to plot to the screen, we Sti” need to precede the PLOT —

command with a COLOR command. In Mode 8 this gives the same colour as the background but takes the luminance from colour register 1. 1

m e m or

Try entering:

m u n Cher _

COLOR 1: pLOT 20,20: DRAWTO 100,100 This Sh0U|d

DFOdUCG a thin sloping which is a bit faint and therefore diffiCU“ to see. To improve visibility, we need to make the line’s luminance either much lighter or much darker. That is,

line

need

P’Og’am’

SETCOLOR 4,8,2

line we can enter:

SETCOLOR 1,12,14 SETCOLOR 2’4'6

lighter

SETCOLOR 1’1’14

ante"

to increase the contrast

already at the

key in orderto specify the register. Lazy, aren’t |? The COLOR 2 command has the same hue and luminance as the background so it can be used to erase a section of the display aswe saw last month. For example, enter: 1

COLOR 2: PLOT 20:20: DRAWTO 50,50 and you should see the upper section line disappear. Mode 8 has at least one interesting effect that you might not predict and we can demonstrate it with the aid of Program I. Enter the listing and then Run it. This simp|e program does nothing

of the

_—__——“>

Part SIX of DA VE RUSSELL 's Atari graphics modes series October 7985 ATARI USER

6 Keep telling yourself than draw

a series of vertical However, you should see an effect which you might not expect to

more lines.

that Single COIOUf made ’

see in a single—colour mode. In fact, it is a well—documented

effect called

“artifacting”

and.

result Of the way m Wh'Ch televrsrons handle colour. You may have noticed the effect 'f the Z0” rom etri‘te'i/C", e Mandala ar ic leprQQrfhm in e |croscope August issue of Atari User since it .

used

Mode

toidraw

the.

patterns.

GR.24 with the same result. The problem with removing the text window in this way is that the system will revert to Mode 0 when the program finishes. You can see the .

i255;Lg;¥:;"§C?e2f:i;;:::;:‘ii§;g 8 is displayed, but then

you're back

article. We could combine the redefining program from July with Program lll, but as a temporary "kludge" try adding line 145 as follows:

A” line 70 does, then, IS stop the program from ending by creating an endless loop. Press Break or Reset to get em Of the |00l38 has another characteristic

145 IF X=64 THEN POKE LOC+BYTE*40,0:GOTO 160

and 2'

The effect

can

even

2: 2:22:22 grifxussnawa 2.0.0 3, m a

5. .

60 70

to 318 STEP 3 mag “HGT ISLCRDWQ 3,331 com. um" 15,,ognmo 341,191 In! it mo 70 11:0

progmm

dramatic

American television

on an

of the different system used to produce a coloured image. Program ” gives one Of the best demonstrations of the effect I've seen on a UK set, but can't take any credit because it was written by Judson Pewther for Compute! magazine. While you're looking at it, keep telling yourself that Mode 8 isa single colour mode Incidentally, line 70 may confuse you if you've not used a full—screen because

before. Normally, Mode 8 has 6 Mode 0 text window atthe bottom. For any of the split—screen modes we can display a full screen by adding 16 to the GRAPHlCS statement, as in line 10. This could have been written as mode

1° 2! SI a

used to

advantage.

Wl’Itlng teXt IS not all that easy. However, by one Of those happy accidents that occur now and then. the pixel size in Mode 8iust happensto be the same es in Mode 0YOU can't ”write" dlfeCt TO the Mode 8 screen as you can in Mode 0, but all the data required to generate the Mode 0 characters are held in ROMIf you've been following this series you'll remember that in the July issue we copied the data down into RAM in order to redefine some of it. Program “I uses this fact in order to put Mode 0 characters on a Mode AS a map mOder

8 screen. It does

this by converting each character in STRING$ into internal code, finding that character in the ROM character set and then poking the data for that character directly into the screen area of RAM. In fact, if you run Program lll as listed, it suffers from exactly the

problem that

we discussed

”5" MN“ GRAPHICS M15 (mum 1:9“)? 153,90 son no to no STEP

23 ATAR/ USER

you.

Mode 8, then, offers you the best possible resolution of your Atari modes at the cost ofabout 8kof RAM memory. Therefore, applications that use it will be those which need the resolution for fine drawing but don't need a lot of memory for calculations. |f you think this is an unlikely combination, look back at Ken Ward's Tablet-8 program in the August issue of Atari User. It's a fine example of just such an application. 10 mo snxusuoaJsm 2' 57m=““”1 “El“ 30 nzxszvno u wants a so SCREEIZP?ltu)HS§*PEEI(89)

130 muzsvuuxn 140 roe urea 10 7

DEM?

The Manda/a program the art/fasting effect

illustrates

October 7985

July's

8. x$:stnm9(cun,mm ” “mm" 100 IF 10127 "Ell 828-128 110 IF 1031 no 1105 WE! xzx-zz no IF N32 mu xzinu

Inrmununnu

RB“

so Loczscmmnum 70 felt emu u [taunt-55)

5” “an“ 150,130—3 6. name 150°!L100 70 “all"! 150.3 no name 150431450 as next it 190 mu Dentin to 753mm: 1.3.9

Mode

WhICh can 6|50 be

about bad programming he ShOWS you how to do it This technique of writing the Mode 0 character data to the screen will only work with Mode 8 because the two modes have the same pixel size. However, if you're adventurous YOU might like to devise ways of writing text to other map modes. After all, the data for 8x8 matrix characters are already in ROM and it seems a shame to waste them. Maybe there's a way of using them in a modified form for other modes. if you find a way, I'm sure the fo|ks at Atari User would love to hear from

15. mt wemntuomziumuot??t ’ 1“ m" "T5 17. “ma-“u 1“ NEXT cm Program ///

“_— I

JUST opposite the factory

where served my apprentice— ship were two of the three ”hallowed halls". Flight next door to the pub was the betting shop, and many a lunch hour was spent sliding between the two.

wildly

never

was

day's card. For each race the program randomly picks five horses from its database and gives the starting prices.

The odds

suc-

course, the rigours

mortgages put paid to my gambling career so

was filled

with nostalgia whenADayAt The Races arrived from Anvil Software. The game allows up to five to place bets on horses which then race from one side of the screen to the other. Although that may not seem very far, the animation is such that each race takes about 90 seconds with the horses appearing to have galloped all the way. There are 10 races on each

punters

down shouting “come on", groan, and generally get

£7.99 forthe cassette version and only £1 more for the disc version. wish more software houses had a similar small difference between the two prices. Although you could play the

involved.

Another realistic element is the fact that you can't get credit. When your money runs

out, you just have to sit and

watch. At The Races costs

A Day

A SHOOT

the only

are

indication of form that you have, although the instruction sheet advises you to “pay careful attention to the race results to pick up hints and clues that might be useful to your future forecasts". Once you've placed your bets, the race starts and you can do nothing more than watch. Well, that's not quite true because, like in the real thing, you can jump up and

cessfulasyou can tellfrom the fact that I'm writing this review from sunny Stockport and not my yacht on the Med.

HOT from the good ol' USA comes Rescue On Frac— talus, a superb new space shoot—em—up from Epyx and Lucasfilm Games. The game has long been in its early form it awaited was called Behind Jaggi Lines but had been held Up for

—-

Express of Birmingham, a review copy thudded on to my doormat within hours of the game's release for the UK. Rumours of its excellence are well—founded Fractalus is a humdinger. The Jaggies, with whom you are at galactic war, have dug themselves in on an —

Fractalus. The waris not going well for you. Many of your

Ethercorps pilots, including

flit '

«as

. ,.

if.

33/3

“3:34 ,_

—

$5???

“a

”it

Lisa}

—

, ,

§§

a?!

‘5’

{a,

-°’

f“"""""’w‘;_

WNW”:

, .

wild, rugged mountains, craggy peaks and ridges, and deep canyons. The atmos— thick phere is no_less harsh —

M s

ace officers, have found Fractalus a little beyond their capabilities and have crashed on to the planet. You can't blame them. The terrain on Fractalus consists of some

havinga

Cliff McKnight

inhospitable planet called

if,“

—

few mates round and bit of fun.

EM UP HUMDINGER

release owing to legal prob— Iems. Since I had heard many Superlatives being bandied around about its quality, Iwas anxious to secure a copy as soon as it became available. Thanks to the fast and efficient services of Software

—

game on your own, I'd recommend getting a few crates of brown ale in—purely to sit on, of course inviting a

cyanitric acid which will dissolveastandardissueflight suit within minutes.

And

if that weren't

enough, Fractalus rotates so fast that daylight only lasts for nine minutes. Barely worth

getting the deck-chairs out. Your mission is to rescue as many of your stranded col— leagues as possible.As|ong as

insid e th eir marooned single-manned fighters. they are safe. Once they venture out into the they have only atmosphere

they stay

seconds to live. The game begins

breathtaking title

with

of screen one of the

your mothership, most impressive introductory have ever seen. screens I

Incidentally, there

Commodore 64 version of the game available withadifferent title screen. The Atari screen leaves the Commodore version standing, thus confirming what we always knew about Atari software only the best for the best! You start inside your fighter, aboard the mother— ship. The display shows the forward viewthroughthemain window of your cockpit and -

_____—-) October 7985 ATARI USER

—_————-Softwore below it a detailed instrument panel. The panel gives helpful visual and aural information and warnings on such things as compass bearing, wingtip clearance from solid rock handy for canyon flying —

—

altitude, thrust, artificial

horizon, energy, shield and air Iock activation, range to

stranded pilot, number of enemies deStl'OYed and number of pilots you are expected to rescue and have actually rescued. There's more. An altimeter shows both the altitude of the terrain and your altitude above it. A long range scanner will pick up a pilot’s emergency beacon and display its posi— tion. An enemy lock—on indicator lets you know how near you are to getting blasted by alien fire while a targetting scope helps you to draw an accurate bead on enemies and downed pilots. This whole array appears daunting at first but it is very clearly and neatly set out and turns out to be quite simple to assimilate and interpret. So much for the technical stuff, now to the action. Under automatic control, your ship is hurled along a tunnel at hyperspeed and descends towards Fractalus. From then on, you're in control.

rough your cockpit window you'll see a bright 'l

heaven

yellow

(must

all

that cyanitric acid) and a Skyline of ominous brown crags.

Controlling your matter

ship

mainly joystick movement, while increases a

and decreases in speed are handled by the left and right arrow

keys.

Any Jaggi gun emplace— ment shows up as a small green dome on top of a peak, firing bursts of green rays at you. You can take evasive action or try to knock it out. A cross—hair sight will be

overlaid

the

scene

whenever the enemy is near. To blow a Jaggi stronghold off the mountain, you must line up the cross-hair and fire one of

your torpedoes. A a

is shown as standed pilot flashing green beacon on the

30 ATAR/ USER

October 7985

surface of Fractalus. Watch for blip on your long range scanner and fly low towards the pilot. Once near enough, you have to land your craft by a

pressing

When

down,

pressing S turns your systems off and you will be told whether or not you are close enough to rescue the pilot. lf you are not, you'll just have to take off again and land a bit closer. When you're near enough, you’ll see the pilot leave his ship and toddle towards you. When you hear him knocking on the door, you mu5t open the airlock press A and you'll be rewarded by the sound of him stumping up the stairs. Should you be in a mal— icious mood, try leaving the pilot outside. He'll start to knock more urgently, then more weakly until at last you hear him topple Over. The cyanitric air has got him, you —

—

rotterl From time

time,

beeping sound will alert you to the presence of the mother— ship. Pressing B fires your boosters and returns you there where you'll receive replenishment and, if you've rescued your quota of pilots, move to the next level. When you begin a game, you can elect to start at any of 16 levels, although the game progresses way beyond these. When you complete a level, you continueatthe nexthigher one but if you're really feeling tough or want more bonus points you can skip up to three levels at a time. Levels to 3 are fortraining no sign of the Jaggies on level and just a handful on

out of the window and must use just your instruments and nerves. A demo mode is provided and there are some other

interesting little wrinkles to the game, including one where you inadvertently pick up an alien instead of a pilot. l'll leave the pleasure of discovering these to you. Sound effects, including the stirring theme tune, are first rate. The graphics are clean and clear and although the solid mountainous terrain is all coloured the same (brown with black ridges), the exceptionally fast, multidirectional scrolling more than compen—

—

sates.

IevelsZand

3. On

|evels4and

Rescue On Fractalus with its mixture of simulation and arcade elements isatop—notch game, packed with action and excitement. It will hook you from the word go and keepyou coming back for more. Cost of the disc is £34.95.

above, the Jaggies are more numerous, pugnacious and accurate, and are joined by kamikaze flying saucers. Level 16 has the Fractalus nine—minute day coming into play so prepare for some night flying. You won't see anything

Bob Chappell ,

at e

ow n

underwear while the young lady opposite grins smugly at me. Just a minute while switch her off. can concen— There, now trate. I've just been playing Strip Poker, the latest import from US Gold, and l'm not doing too well this time. The program is a conver— sion from the Artworx classic which first encountered on the Apple H a couple of years ago. You have a choice of two opponents, Melissa or Suzi. On the cassette version, one is on each side of the tape. Since the loading time is about 15 I

minutes,ltended nottoswitch from one opponent to the other,

?g,

N’N

ZN ’

.»

egg N

fiftasf

Ia s in my

I'M sitting here shivering

,_.

are

essen

imp:

-—""‘

‘

“NW“

cg»,

f“:

The two girls play different \» strategies and I'm not going to {N3 spoil your fun by revealing “$5634.13 their styles. Both play a good my “w” game of Poker. Although the graphics are costs £14.95. good, onlya realwierdo would Otherwise the instructions buy the package to see naked ladies. Having managed to are clear and the terminology used and relative values of the strip both opponents, l have to hands are explained adesay that the magazines next to the computer mags in the quately. average newsagent's leave Ultimately, it'sthequalityof less to the imagination. the game played that deter— The cassette will only run mines the value ofa program. on a 64k machine and costs In this respect, I can recom— £9.95. It will not work on an mend the game. Atari 400 or old series 800. As far as can tell it doesn't The loading instructions tell cheat, although you can cheat you to press Start While you by not removing your clothes switch on, but in fact XL when you lose. But you owners will need to press Start wouldn't do that, WOUld VOU? and Option. The disc version Pat Cookson '

Aiii

‘ji‘

35m

HOMEWORD

MAGNIPRINTII

YOU R PROCESSOR 1984 outstanding STO RAG E software AWARD AND TRIPLE YOUR effective. versatile Simp|e SPEED ! HOMEWORD is a writing tool The

INCREASE

personal wonp

Introducing the US DOUBLER. US DOUBLER increases your storage to 180K, and is totally compatible with other double—density disks, all DOS for ATARI, and all ATARI 1050 disk

memos and reports. HOlVlEWOFiD makes putting your ideas 0” paper a snap. An easy to follow audio cassette will introduce you to HOMEWORD and take you step by step through its

drives. New SPARTA DOS CONSTRUCTION SET will triple your speed.True double—density, ATARI 1050 (one and a half times density) and single denSitv- Time/ Day/ Date on your files Ram DiSk for XE models.

complicated commands

operation

to memorlse,

anyone In your

use HOMEWORD can learn to in a matter of minutes. The menu '

family

REE SP A RT A DOS

CONSTRUCTIONSET W he n V 0 U b W th9 US DOUBLER! combination, f“ hardware/software complete installation requrred, instructions provrded. £7935

(

p ictures)

|CONS make HOMEWORD a joy to use. Other features include MOVE TEXT/ COPY TEXT/ ERASE TEXT/ INSERT ERASED TEXT/ FIND/ FIND and REPLACE/ INSERT DOCUMENT/

These

INCLUDE DOCUMENT/ UNDERLINE TEXT and JUSTIFICATION. A full 80 characters per line enables you to view your documents as they will appear in printed format. Use with any printer. Many other fine features make HOMEWORD a great WORD

DISK £4835 M.M.G. BASIC COMPILER

£59.95

ARCADE BONLDER

DASH C/D

CART BC'S QUEST CART MR ROBOTDISK MINER 2049erCART SUBLOGIC F'"9 h tS'mu'amf”

OI L S WELL

14'95 14‘95 14.95 14.95 9 95 '

48 95 -

U LT| MATE

WAR GAM E SlMU l A TIONS

I' STRATEGIC SIMULATIONS

PROCESSOR

features ICONS

—

Print yourATARI graphics like

, I

acczjtichdventures 3' es

Erola

"8 £155”. °. "°'.

YOU'Ve

before! MAGNIPRINT II most is powerful print Utility the available for your computer. It IS the software that accurately C?" 00W GTlA "1°qu W'th 16 shades. never seen

designed for the home. it offers the power of a sophisticated word processor without the complications. Use HOMEWORD to write SChOOl assignments. shepping lists, letters, business

THE ULTIMATE GRAPHICS PRINTING PACKAGE

iii-g?

p”_"t b'OW mOdeSPf'ms 3” Pa" sfaph'c Up your pictures t0 wall Sized Postm- SpeF'a‘ Option lets you centre the picture on the_ page. creations _

Acc?ptsyourtoijn 058 Clea e W'QtLaDh'C 0’ .

yiiiiSZiiEggRéifgr?g'fT/Xgi '

’

TOUCH TABLET, KOALA PAD, ATARI LIGHT PEN GRAPH'CS' B/GRAPH, GRAPHICS MAGICIAN, and many others. Includes many beautiful sample pictures. Add text to your pictures. Allows you to print the whole screen or any selected portion of the screen. FREE with every MAGNIPRINT || PRINTALL. PRINTALL prints your

programs and filesjustas they appear on your screen. It clearly prints all ATARI graphic characters including INVERSE characters. This alone IS worth the price. .

£41.65 £41.65

Disk £25.95

Objective Kursk 50 Mission Crush Colonial Conquest Computer Quarterback GemstoneWarrior Six Gun Shootout Rails West The Cosmic Balance Cosmic Balance Il

B/through in Ardennes Operation Market Garden Carrier Force Kampfgruppe Reforger88 ComputerAmbush Warin Russia .

£41.65 £41.65 £41 .65 £41 .65 £41.65 £41.65 £41 .65 £41 .65 £41 .65 £62.35 £62.35 £62.35 £6135 £62.35 £62.35 £83.45

5 E E YO U R Lo CA L D EA LE R N0 W I ,

TRADE ENQUIRIES T 9 |_01 482 1755 -

All products are available from: SILICA SHOP 01-309 1111, SOFTWARE EXPRESS 021-384 5080, SILICON CHIP 0753 70639, A.S. WOTTON & SONS 0270 214118, PEATS ELECTRONICS IRELAND 01-749972/3/4, RADFORD HI-FI Ltd. 0272 428247 MICROBYTE 051-630 6933, THE AMV SHOP SUNARO SOFTWARE and other good computer shops. order direct. AII If you have problems in obtaining any of these products then you can to: Post ZOOMSOFT. to made be should payable cheques/P.O.s

ZOOMSOFT Suite 31A Grove Terrace, Highgate Road, London NW5

PL. October 7985 ATARI USER

____.—_—__

U “leaSh Instlncts .

art|St|C

y0ur

and

OF all the media available to the

artist, the computer is perhaps the most versatile, for no other medium gives the artist such complete control.

create

The VDU screen, unlike the painter's canvas, is almost infinitely flexible. Images can be created or erased instantly and, unlike the photograph or motion picture, there can be interaction between the image

and the viewer.

Computer art is still in its infancy and is rarely taken seriously by the art establishment. This will probably change in the future, so that perhaps one day a computer artist will achieve the same status as a Picasso or a Goya. It is interesting to speculate that if Leonardo da Vinci, With his interest in geometric design and science, were reincarnated today, he would be among the leaders of those artists experimenting in computer art. The art gallery of the future may be a room full of large flat screen

STE PH

N Wl LL'AM

80 N scrutlnlses current state-of-the—art, and presents painting program to get you started M E

monitors displaying computer— generated images. When holographic photography is

the

”the perftcmdthesed'sl’laysnie“ restricted to

two dimensmns. They could, instead: become movmg three—dimensmnal enwronments through which the viewer can

C—COLOUR

D-DRAW E-ERASE F-FILL

L-LINE

Changes the colour and brightness of the playfield according to the scheme shown in Table I. Uses joystick to plot pixels in any direction. To exit from this mode press fire button. Erase any pixel over which the centre of

Colour

the cursor cross passes. Exit by pressing

Grey

fire button. Defines the outline of a shape using the draw or line modes. Place cursor in the middle of the shape and press the F key to colour in the shape. Complex shapes may require more than one fill command to be executed. Bewareof "leaks". the L key causes a pixel to be at the present cursor position. plotted Move the cursor to any other position on the screen and press the fire button. A line will be drawn from the first cursor position to the present cursor position. Pressing

There are three playfields or colours available. Pressing keys to 3 will change the current playfield. 1

Keyboard Commands 32 ATARI USER

wander. In the United States companies fUtur'St'C

October 7935

with 5.011”de names .I|ke D'g'ial Productions, S'ynthaVlsmn, and The and lVlagl, Industrial nght Magic company’ Utmsmg the best

Number 0

Light Orange Orange

2 3 4 5 6

Red—Orange Pink

Purple Purple—Blue Blue

Blue

Light Blue Turquoise

8 9 10

Green—Blue

Green Yellow—Green Orange—Green

Light Orange The Tab/e/

12 13 14 15

brightness range is from 0 to

—_—_—___W try Jeff Minter's Colourspace program to experience some of the Atari's capabilities. The Atari has a palette of 256 colours, though it is normally only

Dropzone

available equipment such as the Cray supercomputer, are experimenting with advanced techniques of com— puter graphics. Examples oftheir work can be seen in the films Tron and The Last Starfighter. In Britain many excellent examples of computer graphics can be seen on our television screens, mainly in title sequences and commercials. The Atari user, denied access to expensive computer graphic equip—

possible to have a maximum of 16 on the screen at any one time using modes

far

sophisticated

9 or 11.

graphics Atari's trump card is the use of display list interrupts which can increase dramatically the number of colours displayed at any one time. The creative artist/programmer can create high

ment, may feel limited. In his book "Computer Images, The State of the Art”, Joseph Deken includes two frames of a “moving painting" developed by researchers at Atari alongside images created by artists using

resolution

images

multitude of colours. As an introduction to the world of computer artlhave writtenagraphics utility that converts the screen into a computer canvas on which the budding computer Picasso can draw

equip—

ment that show something of the SCOpe of the Atari System. The Atari boasts the best graphics have encountered in system that home computers thanks to the Antic and GTIA chips. Play Pole Position,

his or her pictures.

The program, though fairly simple and a little slow, being in Basic, displays some of the principles of the

computer graphic workstations that

professional computer artists work with. On first running the program a graphics mode 15 screen (160 x 160 pixels) is set up and a small cross will appear at the top left hand corner of

the screen. This is a player missile graphic and acts as a cursor which can be moved around the screen using a joystick in port 1. In the text window at the bottom of the screen is a list of the valid commands used in the program. They are accessed by pressing the first letter of the command only. There is no facility to save a picture once it has been drawn. The easiest way to do this is to videotape your work using a video recorder and an aerial

splitter.

You could try adding a subroutine to save a picture as a file to disc or cassette, but as each screen area occupies about 6k a simple save routine may take some time to execute.

'~‘

’_

PROGRAM STRUCTURE '

40-89

‘

90-190

/—-!L-“‘/ _______._-v

200-220 399-450 500-520 1000-1095 2000-2095

/’

Main program loop. Executes draw commands and moves cursor. Send program to various command subroutines. Line drawing routine. Colour changing routine. List valid commandsin text window. Fill routine. Initialise program. Set up player missile Put machine code routine cursor. at address 1536 that handles starting movement of player missile cursor.

F v.

‘

,.—’

,‘

g//

/,.

If, g/ a

‘__4———_,——__—__——

MAI N VARIABLES HO YY

FL3 CO

7/4 ~%

X,Y

Horizontal posmon of cursor. Vertical position of cursor. Flag totestwhetherinline mode. Colourofcurrent playfield. Coordinatesof plotting routines.

5;— /

2»,

__,

f w ________________—____

”A

M V

4——

’

___>

9 October 1985 ATARI USER

No.

FOR

AIARI

520 ST

Atarl

pmces ST PACK INCLUDES: 520 sr

GUARANTEE Our EXCLUSIVE Direct Exchange Guarantee is so an

susssmsss.

Wwwg?gs /Wf%52i/@Zw

; };j:i’3-rif

MW“é// w, s“;

”mes

Ba“

Syswms' and specs may be prices Final sub/eat to change.

,’/,/

POWER WITHOUT THE PRICE Chipsoft Integrated Accounts

its...“

. '

Package:-

"“

WWW/

W/Z

'n0|ud'”9 Stock

ST to Centronics Printer Lead

~-~ s,

41°?»WVI,

. s

Wee

Wk”

'////

W” 7x

£14.99

f/ «w '

4/1,

f.-

ST Midi Lead j.

MM, M”

‘

,»

My,

Ms.

”?t/lewzfiméf we" [1&24/

’

”WW%%"

Wm M,

f??/ww?sss?ffl’%??

W; .;

was

55-2";

1.1,

vz?’x??fié?w

sss

~ .

_,_

* * *

st Atari

write

(Dealer Enquiries Welcome} 34 ATARI USER

October 7985

for full details.

,x ._

°'

Business Centre. Dealer for 730 XE. Dealer for 7029 Printers. Dealer with our own Software House for Software Support. Dealer for 520 ST

Please phone

“l

SILICON CHIP LTD, Showroom address: 302 High Street, Slough, Berkshire. Tel: 0753 70639 lst lst 7st lst

—

1:11.51.”

512K RAM. Expandable Rom. MIDI Interface. R3232 Serial/Centronics Parallel Interfaces. Floppy Disk and Hard Disks Interfaces. RGB Video and TV outputs. Sound Generator with 3 channels. 2 Joystick Ports. 3 Graphics and Text Modes 320x200 : 512 colours, 640x200 : 4 colours, 640x400 B/W. 16 Bit Motorola 68000 Microprocessor running at 8 mHz.

(”W‘ZZZNWW‘WM a/

a '

.,,r,

, 1:1—«.)‘:1>.

”Wm; "w

‘.

specs

Comm"

Ledgers £250

“7224

A“

oPefat'”?

ssz?

3” L°,9N°T' GECIIGVEVQ'L?ss

GEM

Drive

B/W M9”'*°’

Plus software listed below

6/27

sf”:

”my

%.'V'99-

W2?

W'”'

era/muss;

product purchased from SILICON CHIP becomes faulty due to a manufacturing or component defect, within ONE YEAR purchas9'.we subject to availability, exchange for new.

‘

If a

°f

y .

’«Jr’s

@ 10 an! momma cmvasm 20 m1 mam 51mm: 011100500“:

m mmLoom 40 S=STICK(0):IF smumn

IIIEI

vv:vv—(5:0)-(s:10)-(s:14)+(f-:5)+(s: ”Hm“ 70 no:uo-ts=0)-(s:10)-(5:11)4(s=5)+(s: nusrnwouz 53240.no 50

)

23 "—-"—'~'

191.2

IF 915500500255 WEI 505110 90 50 IF 511011101015 THE! POKE 77.0 09 com 40 noun-Bat 20 um “com-o 55 IF penmuzsa l’llEI PLOT amnmm I 100 IF 055111754132 TIIEI 1:01.00 0:0un 11,7:00100 co 110 IF paeu7su=55 THE! cosus 1000 115 IF 055111754140 THE! sosus 400

‘\

—

_’

WEI co:1:c0um

‘

_____,__._;.._"._’_\\‘=' _ ?,

$2?!

130 IF PEEK(764)=30 men cozzzcoum 005110 500 140 IF PEEK(764):26 "El cozzzcoum cosus 500 150 IF 055005413 190 mama!

1”

0:0 mun

200 IF ru=0

"IE! cosus 200

menu men not

u.v:x1=x:u:v:r

13:1 210 220 399 400 410 420 430 440 450 499

000: 704.255msrunu 12mm mu men-0055 comum POKE 754.255:2 “COLOR 1m" 0 sarcoma eta—1.0.0

500

"0015010555

--;

Brass BILL

EtnalGE" 515 2

'—";00

520 POKE 754.255:0Hunu

DIE

“5,5.

_ E

,~_._——

92“:

Q; 999 050 ”111000 1000 count co:x=no—45:v:vv-29:nor

.30:Pox£ 53240,uo:r13:0 1m

won: 704,255 1010 ulzxmzzxnuzx:m:x:v1:v=v2=v:vz: v:x5=xu:1:01:11muzzmszozrzozruzowu :0:r1:0:r2:0 1015 IF an up 52:1 men 051mm 1017 IF 0551170410255 THEI 05mm: 1020 LOCATE x1-1,v1,a:1|= 000 men no r u1.v1:u1=xu1:nor 111,71 “30 mm: 000 men pLo ”mum“; T x2,v1:x2=xx1:PLM “2,72 1040 Locus x3-1,v2,czxr coo mu no 1 xz,v2:u3:xx2:nor xx,v2 1050 men: uu1,vz.|>:n= 000 men no 1 x4 r vz-xrxuz-nor m 22 ma: v2 1070 IF 1:00 an 000 a» nu :v2-1:Loc¢n£ nun-11:15 500 men FL 2er2+1 run: r 1072 IF 000 on» 000 no run L2:?zu:lr run run v2:v2+1:rL2:2:r 2:1 1075 IF 000 an 000 mu v1:v1u:un: are x1,v1u,r=15 500 THE! ruzruu run r 1077 IF 000 000 000 no run uzrunur run run v1:v1—1:ru:2:r 1:1 1000 IF 0:0 IIIEH PLOT x1,v1:x1:x1-1:m -

up 40 1002 IF 0:0 men PLOT up 40 1004 IF 0:0 man PLOT w 40 1005 IF 0:0 "IE! PLOT up 40 1005 00m 1015

-";

mm 0 sncoum co-1.c,0 0:0 man» comm-as“

"?own [Mn

?a—

x M

? 7&3

$1,

02 x:uo-45:1r x(0 men u:0:uo:45 03 v:vv-20:xr N0 THEI v:0:vv:29 05 IF 10159 men x:159:no=204 05 IF 10159 mu v:159:vv=100

120 IF pzzunuzn cosun 500

m‘?

A /

ozusu(1515,pmnszmmassuozuvnu

a '

?ag 5

“mm“

POKE

on 510101013 men memo

,‘

704.255

IF run

g,f

'§

HEN

5;-

35 cosun 500

x2,v1:x2:x2+1:m

2030 trauma-“won:

54279,0:Pnas

Ezmsszcozucuon

2040 run 1:1024

to unmet:

0:0st

91005541,

2050 run 1:0 to ”unravel: 01005501 ouwvumwoxt pmosz+1+1.0:nsur I 2050 um 15.10,00,15,10.0.0.0.0,0 2070 F0? K=0 To 00mm

MIEKT

0:90“

1535+x.

2000 para 104,201.3,200.01,104.1n,225

,104,133,224,104,133,227.104,1xx.225.1

84-1331” 2090 mm 104.133.220.100.0.133.230.13 x.231.168.177.224.145.225.24.169.1.1u ‘ 224 ' 133 2100 MM

224.169.0,101.225.133.225.24 .169.1.101.226.153,226.169.0.1u.227,1

33,227 2110 mm

24.159.1,101,230.133.210.169

J.101.231.133.211.24.165.228.1’7.m. 200.205 2128 MM 155,229.197.231,200,200.90 2130 NEW“

x;,vz:xzzxx-1:m

x4.v2:x4=xu1:m

2000 m1 mxunausauolm 2010 00:45:00000105 15:11:51”:

Tired of =w=20=

mm 704,255:sncown 2.12.4 2020 PME 53277.3:Poxt 559,52wox:

704

typing?

Take advantage of our finger_saving offer on Page 61.

October 7985 ATARI USER

__—__————-—__

Part

[V of MIKE ROWE'sseries

your

how to give dlsplays the professional touch

program

e_.i~?-=§‘_RZ.\\ '.\\\ if\\\ \A‘\\\. -.

‘

l\\\\\\\\ ii N\.\\\\\ \\ i/f/"\\ z

/ /'

back

fllp ' ~

‘/,//?\ \\\\ ff ‘\\\\A\ // /, 1 WA // // A \ // / /[y/ ? I]/~8\A\ \\ ? -\ // ?ll/r AA /“

n‘i‘llf/

tax/X/JMA /

/ _

y” x“?

—

4 ’

a. ’

stage; /<" ‘

A —

-‘

’

‘

H."

4,447.7,

—

4 WE have examined the nature of the display list and how to alter it to create more professional displays. Now let's move on to using the display list to create special effects, in this case vertical scrolling and page flipping. Page flipping is a term used to describe an action directly COmparable with turning over the page of a book instantly switching from one page or screen of information to a different one. On many computers the screen memory is restricted to a set area of memory and nowhere else. On Atari computers any portion of memory _

can be used as the screen memory even including the ROM areas. As these cannot be altered this is of little practical use, but illustrates the

versatility of the machines. Thusformany machinestochange from one displayed screen to another you would need to erase the screen memory and redraw or reprint the new screen. On the Atari you can just simply skip to a new area of memory, which

almost instant even by machine code standards. The procedure to is

36 ATAR/ USER

October 1985

v4;

accomplish

this

unbelievably

simple. You may remember in the first article in the series l described the construction of the display list. i mentioned that the fifth and sixth

numbers in the list were the memory location from which the screen display would be taken in the order low byte, high byte. It follows then that changing these two numbers would, with only two pokes, change the area of memory being displayed, that is page flipping. Program demonstrates this. This program skips through three areas of ROM, displaying them on a Graphics 0 screen. The speed is impressive, but the display is practically useless. More useful would be a program skipping through previously created screens. I

Program ll

very simple demonstration of this. it creates 10 simple Graphics 2 screens identifying each One

This is call from

differently. done by using

3 Graphics 2 Basic which makes the operating system create 3 Graphics 2 screen at the top of memory and then the message printed on the screen.

at .

\(7;r

.k:€ WA/D§1%x' ,

m§§

i“?

The machine is then made to think that the top of memory is 0.5k lower by changing the value in location

106.

This number indicates the top of the available memory in pages—one page in memory terms is 256 bytes. Therefore if you subtract two from this location you get the top of memory lowered by 0.5k. You can then make another graphics call and the screen will be located 0.5k below the previous screen. This has been repeated 10times in the example to giVe 10 Graphics 2 screens. The values for the screen memory for each screen are stored in the variable arrays SCREENLO and SCREENHI and it isa simple matter to repoke these values back into the first display list to give the effect of

flipping through the

screens 1-10 as in the example. This can now be seen to be more

practical. However it is not greatly faster than redrawing each screen. Where the technique really comes into its own isin the higher resolution graphics

modes. Here it can take several minutes to draw a screen, or to load a screen

List —Display

"E" 1. “E" 1“ climaxes o no otszEnssnw EEussunss : sanElL 0=PEEK(DLM):SCREEII|I=PEEK(M.05)tl?llr I» 9159th 1.151 in» sanEu mum no 7 "usmv olE auEn or non." 110 “5“, 100. 140 mm bus,zoomEn CMIGE nun 3er or 915?an LIST sanEu limit? rolntzlt to Locntmu or non 150 505115 um 160 GMPIIICS o 170 1 "usruv a DIFFEREII can or non 5

’

1” 2“

“5“ 1.” “mm!“ °

—

tum» m.

rump mm or no

“nuns

. nwmv suxtcn lEnch uspum nnEas.nEss

250 2 "m x

Ew-

manufacturers

grams commercially with scrolling of this type. Those who have seen programs with good quality vertical scrolling, such as Caverns of Mars or Firefleet, will know that the Atari can produce superb scrolling. remember from my first You lwill article in the July issue ofAtari User that 32 added to a the.d'5p'ay .|'St graphics mode number gives vertical scrolling. However this does ”Oi QiVe instant SCFOHing With that single change in fact alone it makes no

26.

uis,zu:mtE

MIKE

us,zu:mo

DUS,220:PO(E

10“

1010 run 1:1 to 200mm“

fan?“

26.

us cosun 1000 bus,2zo:nEu

tnE to

REN— 1

102. mun

Program! 5 REM

1. an no not sanElLoua).scREElu1un:nEn ARRMS nouns LOH & nun 87755 or sea mt lOCM’IOIS 20. ron 1:1 to “mm mm 10 scans no annulus zuswoxE 559.0:nEn sum: II orr uspuw to IICRE?SEnorm“; SPE 5» 220 uszEK(suMpEEusuwzsszltEn

FII ° "SR” “57 230 sanEuuim:pEEupL+4)zsanEluIm Lo" ‘ "I“ "YES

deno":|tEn nun DIFFERENT EssnsE on m" sanEl 260 NIKE 106,PEEK(1|?)-Z:IIEI| LNEI! IEH on? Fol uExr sanEu Locnuon 270 max: 1 200 not: 559,34mEn rum: Lmirs

MC!

3.0 mt 1:1 to 10 no pox: nu4,sanEuLo(n:poxE u+s,sc nEEunnnmEn FLIP muoncn rnE sanEus I" run no GOSIlB 1000

3: 5:1

240 posnmu 250 Posnmn

1000 an 1010 FOR J=1 to 10mm“

code. Each timea change is made can be very slow and useless for animation. Here page flipping can provide a

technique for giving animation to very detailed'drawings. The drawbacks become more pronounced however. First memory limitations. If you use a Graphics 8 screen then five screens have already consumed 40k, not to mention where your program and DOS will go. ln practice two or three screens of Graphics 8 are the limit. The new Atari 130XE could, of course, ease this problem somewhat by switching in and out different blocks of memory for the screens. A second problem is that the 8k modes have a second set of numbers pointing to screen memory half way

pro—

difference. Also an operating system memory location is involved decimal 54277 ($D405). In Program V the vertical _

scroll

enabled in |ine 3 of a Graphics by adding 32 to that line in the display list and then 54277 is smooth altered and there it is_ 1

screen

—

JinEtmtn

scrolling. .BUt only Of onelineand only to the height Of character. one if all the graphic mode numbers in the display list are altered by adding 32 to them then all the lines will scroll However it only to a '5_ together. two maxrmum Of_16 scan lines 1' m characters height Graphics a bit of lateral thinking erl Now the full If you p'OV'S’e answer: combine two Of the techniques coarse and fine erI have scrolling you .

Program //

from data stored on tape or disc and to redraw the screen evenin machine

Atari

released

—

zigzagszgzmu

1,1:? usr'sclEEl "u 1,14“? us;"page flipping

“ne m Graphics 2) page The flipping. scrolling is, however, jerky and quite unprofessional in appearance. Believe it or not, some software (one screen

zss cosun 1000

olrrEnEut “Ea

or non."

33:52:00:

220 Pm u+s,2u:nEn it no ensue nu

2“

flip to anywhere in memory why not flip just one screen line. Do it repeatedly and voila scrolling! This is shown in Program IV’ WhiCh scrolls through ROM “5'er 20 byte

down the display list, as explained in previous articles, to avoid screen memory crossing a 4k boundary. You must remember to calculate the new values for these and also to alter these when flipping. Thirdly, drawing the screens in Basic is both slow and 3,50 memory—hungry, especially if using data Statements. This can be avoided by either loading predrawn screens off tape or diSC directly into memory used —

extensivelyin commercialprograms— or by having a separate program for drawing the screens which then loads in the second program in which the flipping takes place. For this reason Program “I uses a very simple Graphics 8 picture just to demonstrate the possibilities. Those who are thinking ahead will perhaps have realised that if you can

true, full screen fine. scrolling. In other words fine

scroll'all the lines m character (eight Graphics 1) by incrementing 54277 from 0 to 7~ The” do'a coarse scroll bycharacter by pornting one the display screen memory one line 0” and “?t S'mU'taneous'V 90“ 54277 ham" to 0' Repeat th's C9”“””°95'V an." V°“ have all m Basrc, no your scrolling, machine S'thPr°9fam Vi code '"_ shows th's_ technique. .

lines

one

But we”

minute

—

the screen

' October 7985 ATAR/ USER

5 REM

250

10 REM

PEEK (MS)

20 01M sanElLou),scREEMMIm

200 00100 xwun

100 REM 110 0110011105 7110:coLoR 1 120 x1:30:v1:30:001|15:30:REM 11,7 00511 10115 Mb 0001115 or 0011 130 005m 100mm! 00011 0011 140 oszEussnwEEus0ux250mEM FIR»

200 port: 100.0:5111001-10 300 REM

0150100 “57

100 001011 3:01:11

unswnuro

190 PmtE 100,PEE((100)—10:REM FOR

490 90110 1.6,PEEK(1|6)~16 500 mi 510 “0011105 7+10:couut 1

40,04:000mo 04.94

310 snapnms 7}15:|:0Lon

520 u1:100:v1=00:001|15:10 530 005110 1000 540 0:0EEK:500)4REEK(501)*250

320 u1:00:v1=52:001us:20 330 cows 1000

3“

550 scREEuots):REEM(w4)=5cREE|MI(5): PEEHMS) 500 count 3:0101 05,91:000mo 105,01 5" "K5 1°5'PEEK‘1'5"1‘

p:p£EK(56.){pEEK(501nzss

150 SCREEILO(3)=PEEK(M4):SCIEEIIII(1)=

150 scREEMLom:pEEx(M4)=5cREE|m1m= REEuMsnnEM 5100: 500ml mm“ 1000 710“ I. RRRRY

"OR?

scREEMLotzxszEuMn:scREEl||1(2):

51.95 10110 1:

Mm SHEEN

200 REM 210 000011105 7410:coum

000 REM 010 0110011105 7110=coLoR

ngx?li) 35. 00100 3:PLOT 53,93gpnm?o 73,“ 3,0 poxE 156,PEEK(105)‘15 4.9 RE" 410 00000105 7110:coum 1

040 b:PEER(500)+REEx(501111250

420 x1:04:v1=00:001u5:15 430 005110 1000 440 0:0EEK(500nREExts01uzss

220 x1:52:v1:44:R01u5:25 230 005110 1000

050

scREEuLomszElttbu)zscREEmum:

REEuMs) 000

PEEHMS) 400 count 3:0101 77,02:000mo 01.92

COLOR 3:0101 114,90:0R0u10 110.90 700 REM 710 Fun 1:1 to 0 720 0an M4,SCREEILO(I):POKE 045.5an

machine code subroutine is used. This does several pokes at once with machine code speed shortening the time lapse between the pokes, thus

scrolling as good as any arcade game. The only snag left is screen memory. Of course you are covering a much bigger area than one screen, so

450 scREEMLot4):REER(0+4)zscREEMMIu):

240 D=PEEK(560)WEEK(561)*256

52° x1:116:71=76:ltblll§=5 030 005110 1000

Program ///

flickers

or flashes occasionally. Well, you are a perfectionist —and with a perfect machine shouldn't we be? it does flash occasionally. This is because Basic is not instantaneous with its alteration in the values in the display list and in if

—

location 54277.

If the screen is in the middle of being drawn when a change is made a flicker occurs or the wrong line is displayed for a split second. Don't despair, there is a solution, but it means machine code. ln Program VII the same technique as Program VI is used but instead of Basic poking the changes a small

m 1. an. m 1“ 000011105 1117 110 01:05“(5001+REExtss1uzs0msn FII 9 blspuw 1151 120 luzbusztozuuzntn LOH an 0100 0 vtEs or SCREEI El?n? Locauml 200 you 1:55.“ to 05000 “5p “mm in 50 0011 as scREEl 0010 to FILL 0150107 5

210

manna/250)autumn-nun“ m“ caLcuutE l“ 111011 ‘ w“ "755

220 pox: nxmluzuzpoxz 10.10050msn 00

x; I. “a wants 23. 505“. 1.0035" 2“ IE“ I 25. “mum “E” 1000 REM 1010 FM!

theoretically decreasing the glitches produced on screen. As you will see,this is the case,but they still occur. In fact the only way to prevent the flicker completely is to make sure that the changes do not occur part way down as the screen is drawn. This means doing the dirty work during the vertical blank interrupt (VBl). As briefly explained in my previous articles, this means a short machine code routine which runs each time after the screen has been drawn and before the next starts. Vertical blanks are a subject deserving of an article of their own, so lwill go into no further detailthan this at present At last you have it. True vertical 5 REM

1. “E" m 1“ “WM“

0Em:1 to 5mm“

1.2. am“ Program / V 38 ATARI USER

DELIW

SCROLLIIG

DI LINE

3 "

200 FDR 1:0 10 7 210 ”RE 54277.1:REM POKE ammo 501001

Program October 7985

“15

130 7 I6;" snooth scrolling 140 500 1:2 to 5:2 am" scREEM LIME u

"mm”

relocates itself automatically and thus memory management is taken care of. The snag is that you may accidentally cross a 4k boundary and cause chaos when the scroll reaches this point. Another method is to calculate an area of memory you know is free and directly poke (or load off disc or tape) the screen data into that area. This is the method used in Program VI.

Finally,

YOU

can

use

similar

method to the page flipping demo in n 5011011 1010 51100111 500011 00015150

110 01:0EEK1500) WEEK (561)*256:IIEII Flu ° "SN-“V 1151 120 POKE DULPEEHDLWHHHEN ElnLE UERTICAL

DEL“?

simple Plots and Prints will not really be adequate as such. You have three real choices as to how to design your screens. Firstly you can use a long string to hold the data. This has the advantage that it

220 230 240 259

505110 1000

IE!" I 1:7 to

Fun

NIKE

0 STEP

s4277.1:m|

-1 5110070 500011 000

25. GDSIII 1... 27. IE!" I 200 0010 200 1000 REM 1010 Eon 0Euw:1 to 50:0Ext on“ 1020 REle

DisplayList

——————————

enunnmzn

Pout

1151 to next

usmv

5 10

Ting!“ 2“. 1:5 1°

“E“

-1:n£n M" I“ “E

w...

2: 2:51:22;

rm uzpm(sconpszussunssmtu sun or uspuv LIST 1“ f” 1:5 "’ 27mm ”L’I'32’5i'5’” mm! a» 32 to uspuw usr moss to scnoLuus EMBLE vznnm 1:0 POKE mums“: 1“ smutzsuzss:rn|15n:ssnzssmin "F M roa 5mm IIE use: 511: II no“ N 1“ STMIHI:64:STMHLO=O:REHnun ‘ m or scum mum u m:

M5 ' sen:

m: scnou 1 cunnctzn “an,“ 235 m counters m cons: scnou. DE may Locum. 210 um

nt+1=1r stnnrnxzss mu m 250 NIKE oL+4,smntLo:pox: pus,smttn 5m“ mien 9°“ 1" “W“ TO SET FINE 50“ M“ 260 6070 20mm m: scum LL to e mm mm"

1mm pout plsmv ust to m scam m m Izsnm m rxusn 5m 20 175 Fun 4:0 to 19mm: IN,O:IERI J tumscmsum) 180 FOR J:1 to “mm mm J

1:11:11

240 stnnnozsmnnmzozlr srnnonss THE! smnttozsmnno-zss:smnm1:stmtt

159 POKE DL+4,STQRTLO:POKE nus,smnm

new:

1.“

“5“

2”

no pox: M4 ' scuttuomwox: Elmun 7" 505113 2.“ 1 no lit“ 7” corn 7“ 11m nan 101. pic mun x1,u+ltulls 1020 run Jza to 350 5159 10 1.30 x=x1+sxlmnuus 1°“ 7:7“°°5“”“""5 “5" “mm: x.v 1°“ "5“ " “7° new“ 2°" "E" 2010 FM! DELM=1 to 10mm 2020 mum.

ron 9150an o

190 next 1mm POKE mm

110

535?"

pox: I+7,33+(1-smnn/zo

“5

an RE!

——

1000

REM

to 30mm

1010 run Dawn 1029 mam“

Program

repeated Program graphics calls after lowering the top of memory pointer. This is not straightforward and will also involve playing around with the display list memory pointers and locations 88 and 89 to ensure that the screen data is continuous with the previous screen's data, thus avoiding garbage showing up between the screens as you scroll over them. The advantage is that you can use Plot and Draw from Basic. recommend the first two methods. There you have it your vertical scrolling completed. What? Your' favourite games use horizontal or diagonal scrolling? Don't worry, next month I'll show you how to handle II

—

that

/4/

is,

$\ “fl _

C7\‘\ng _

DIN

um I 4. ”I“

nswms="1ine" tune to 155mm» nzme

’

110

nznztussnwezussunsmntn

FII

222722:gisbizpzstptzzruu,324mm“ 1151 mass m mm a» 32 w “5an EIMLE UERTICMSCIOLLIIG 13. pox: p|_+3,64+5+32 DEF 149 STMIT:64*256:FIIISII=66*256will

\~°-'o

v—

"‘._

’

‘.

’

There you have it

179 row

1:51“:

to mm:

—

2. J

ImeScmSUJ)’

f’?’

f“

220 sosun 10“

no IEKT BREH FIIE sum.

CIIMMNEI

”ms ucu cons: senoLL IE LOCMIOI 24° STaRTLo=STMTLonMIF STQRTL°)255 men smutLo=snntLo-zss:stmtnlzsnnt smatnxzss "If! no uxuur

235 mu caummts

no“

zss

asusn(1535.unarmuomumsmn

"1.54277,” 1+7,n+u-snmn/zo

no IEHT I:REI| POKE um END“ 20!) Folk 1:0 to 7 2“ POKE “277.1

INTO

STEP

14.1.0“sz

135 port:

1 ,, \ W..-» your vertical scrolling completed —

row scam M IIE (151m 511: II rem“ u nun & 10 150 smamx:s4:snnuo=o=nsn u 3er OF scam It!!!" ous,suntn 150 volts u+4,smntLo:voKE IIRE“ POI-T DISPLQ? LIST To IE" “REE. 175 roa J:0 to 19mm: 130 Fun J=1 to 4mm

-~ ~-

//,,/

a“

‘

i. <7;

—

”

5/2

‘,f

/,~

‘

3—54?

1.0:

“15

'?,

“w?

4",

,,'_

5 Of?

.. ,

1.‘;7‘117.J15.r.!1.41133525551

“WM“

04,133,254,1c4,zu,4,zu,145,zs4.“5,1 “'1‘5'25"”z'2“'237"‘ 1“

‘

5 can

30 FM!

_°.

this,

‘

“-

—

RB!

/ j? // //7/ ///

N a

/‘/

‘f

l ////7 /

l //

ran uspuw

260 com 200mm no: to SEI FIIE sum Ll- ") 0 MW RESTM" FINE SCROLL

1°“

RE" 1010 FOR DEL?vzl To 10mm 1020 95W“

DEL“

Program VII October 7985 ATARI USER

“

' ‘ 3 1

if???1121-31;g

fl.

have about

IN this learnt a lot

system

binary

MlKE- BlBBY contI?UQShls series; n 0b innm 1. s all? a be .

micro

our

works in. We have seen that its memory is divided up into bytes a set of eight two—state, binary units called bits. Each bit can have the value or 0. If a bit has the value we say it is set. If a bit has the value 0 we say it is clear. As we’re dealing with eight bits at —

does

time, we can use various combin— ations of the bits in a byte to code any whole number (integer) in the range 0 to 255. To do this we associate a code number Wlth each blt. Flgure shows a

the scheme. Our eight bits are labelled b7 bO and the numbers associated with each number are shown above each bit. (The more mathematical among y ou will see that the y 're in ascending powers of two.) To discover the value coded in a byte _We Slrtiply a d d the numbers assomated Wlth every blt that ls set (1) ignoring all clear bits (o)_ 80: .

’

710 0 101000 COdeS The

123 + 32 + 8

("clearing” the bit). So the complement of the number: '

410101000

%01010111

airdSUbtththblnaarz; n

Z'Urrcll ersN asl Wi das “TU 12; s of "” s; ethearte o'ttfrth8 'V °9 ca _

$2612? AN? 015" EASE

pEOR which’stands for Exclusive a'lso Iled XOR W'; en comcab. t W0 b'lnary numlnlng bers under the lnfluence of these operators we compare eac h b' .'t In one number Wlth the correspondlng blt of the other. Th e n acc ° rdin 9 to a rule which depends on the operator we re usmg, we deClde whether that partlcular blt .

result ear. b'tir'lrhp] "inswerh 6 e s ows t ebyte ru es G

168

ife OPeraths'

set or t

Wlt h learned to do We trlcks also or to put lt more properly, manlpulate, binary numbers. We could create the; number sorto —_a complement ofa blnary opposne by changlng‘ every dear bit to set (“SEttingn the M) and changing every set bit to clear ,

—

As lelded

ments,

a 5 ls ve sald, mlcro memory lnto byte-Slzed ‘compart—

called memory locatlons. 'Each

locatlon

has

number

assomated

Wlth lt so we know whlch one we re talking about. These numbers are known as

Setsthe resultbitifeitheror how the bits compared are set. Only, if both bits compared are clear is :.the TGSUR blt 038313 EOR thefresult bltlfthe bits 39:13 bemg compared differ in value. if the EOR bits compared are ldentlcal, the result bit is cleared. .

16 b4

Figure/sValuesassociatedwithbitpositions 40 ATARI USER

October 7935

4 b2

‘

’

Tab/e/:Ru/es for/ogica/aperators

bits to a machine’s on/off Then by settlng that blt we could switch the machine on and by clearing it we could switch it off. This sort of thing is possible, though we'd need to use some clever electronics. Infact, since we deal with eight bits at a time, we could arrange things so that a single byte controlled the on/off status of eight separate machines each machine m7 m6. m0 corresponding to an individual bit of that byte, b7,b6 bO. We'll term that byte the control byte. We call such arrangements memory—mapped output, since what we put in memory maps, or sets the pattern for, what happens in the outside world. Most microprocessors support this or some similar sort of of our -

SWltch.

‘ .

128

thal’Wlse Gear.

can add

(the =

AND Sets the "9311“ blt oniy if bow bifs compared arevset. the ife'SUit blt ’i3~

us:

number:

earlierarticles, said that each bit was like a switch its two values and 0 could be used to signify that the switch was on or off respectively. Imagine that we could wire up one I

involves moving information—in

the form of binary numbers from one location to another. If you cast your mind back to —

gives

—

1.15554»

1151-

memory addresses Much of what a microprocessor

the

f .

the numbers

—

351;

in the the machines we want off appropriate bit positions. We then AND the mask with the control byte and then make the resulting byte the new control byte. Fine, but how do we switch on specific machines? Well, we update the control byte by ORing it with another mask. This —

' ’

, ,

°°mf°t byte

“Hun“

Te“

OTOH}

bit vaiue

Figure //.'Mem0rymappedcontrol

output. Figure

shows the type of

To switch machine m6 off we must : AND t

' 2298gerhzumlehihzewtetjvgretrssp::d

bits corresponding to the the whose Oh/Off status we machines

got things SChAegsn?gnge/aehve

nected up properly, if we then load the control byte with:

%11111111 all the machines would be on. Remember that if a bit is set the corresponding machine is on. If we want to switch all the machines off, we can load the COert byte W'th:

3611111111 contra/byte AND 9610111111 mask 9610111111 New control byte

The trick isn't

cafifring) -

means we

need

some

way.

affecting only the bits controlling those machines, while Ieavmg the others unchanged. Suppose we wanted to SW‘tCh-O?a machine say m6. We can do the by making b6 of the control byte zero. .

switched

To clear that one bit to zero we AND the control byte with another called the mask T the b'teOf byte '

which are set(1)exceptforb6,which will be 0. That is, we AND the control byte With:

were

then

Off

value) with

We the" make Th's result our new control byte, and off the machine _

9°95“

To see how it works in practice, Iet's‘ assume that initially all the machines are on, so the control byte .

is:

%11111111

ieaves that bit totall

_ unchan ed since 1 OR 0 T 1 andg on 0 =9 0 So when we OR the bits of the mask that are 0 leave the correspon—

control

Of the

byte

espreceii? t,(v3esvl\J/iet(eh nreteaarese mag—(hilt?

=1,you’re

consistin of Os for the machines we wish to lgave unchan ed and 15 for in the the machines we we?“ en _

with the betepeteettogseek apweprtiteee]

in the mask in them leave the correspon—

ding control bit unchanged. So for machines whose on/off we status we don't want to alter may not even know if they’re on or off we set the corresponding bit in the T

control byte and make the resulting b to the new control byte

that m6 is ensure on we OR the control byte

yHence to definitel y with'

%01000000

mask to 1.

However

the bit in the mask

clearlO) it wouldn't matterwhat the state of the original control bit the result would still be 0. was Say the control bit was 1,then as AND 0 = o the resulting bit is a 0. Alternatively, if it were 0, since 0 AND 0 = Othe resulting bit is again 0. 80 bits in the mask with 0 in them set the corresponding bits in the

were

,an d

on exemp eftlc hmm 168° tor on,

llth

0 thee we ea

oSWi £63 O OW'hg‘

%1o111111

is 1. 1.

0R1 T

ell/it‘s): 0:52:33? theoregrhtic?thsrteahreo

ghrelganbgles

Whh 1' The bit's unchanged. bit If, on the other hand,the control 2 bit the AND 0, 0 were 0 then, as

left

With

=.1

and

the control bit

remains unchanged as In other words bits

the answer

SOORUfrltregskavlilllnseeethi

leaves

AND

result bit When this becoenes thegnew control byte the correspon— ding machine will be turned orleft on.

?rltlchleinnggsdhlt Think about it.

“9“ Sometimes, though, a particular machine 0” or Off W'thom knowmg (or two whether the others are on or This

an din

on. hard to see. Let’s

With

way of switching off half the

want to SWItCh

OCH

consider things from the point ofview of bits in the mask. If the bit is a 1, when you AND it with the relevant control bit the resulting bit is the bit' as the control same n t at lias' Tleat

machines-

is 1

OR a

with another bit

0 or 1)

whose value That is

As you can see, the outcome is that when we update the control byte

%11110000 is one

W'ieieovliil:i?:::'33::n you bit (whether

t e ot ers remain Wm w ie thheresetlt,

course, we'can “a“? any or Of machines, setting Oh/Oh pattern bits loading the by clearing relevant With new numberSthe gonttol byte Loading 't W'th: And,

The sum is:

%00000000

Withe 61011111

con—

result byte to 0. This means to switch specific machines off we construct a mask consisting of 1s for the machines we wish to leave unchanged and Os for

9610111111 COW” byte AND

mask

96111111"

New control byte

Of course, both AND and OR have uses for the micro enthusiast other than controlling machines. 0 Next month we’// have some,

well

as uses Of

/00k at

XOR/ECH-

October 7985 ATARI USER

S. 1

\ 1

(Q!

\4' l it 0. gf ~ / \

‘

11"

~’

\<1

\§‘

IF you're fed up knocking a ball around the screen or blasting aliens out of the sky, try the game of Wraptrap, by TIMOTHY HARRINGTON. It will have you tied up in knots. It’s for two players, but if you've been banished to solitary

confinement or have only one joystick, the Atari will challenge you. For the single player game, the joystick should be plugged into Port

1090 11511 mun-11mm 1010 REM *\l/--1'11-11-1 -r-nnn\|/* 1020 11511 11-0-Ill l-'Hl-' l FHP-c-? "m 1030 11511 «IN-Ll " "' /|\11 1040 11511 1110100100001»: 101011111011an11 1050 11511 110111111 011/111 400/000/000 11 1000 11511 11111111 1150011150 1011 11 1070 11511 11 written by 11 1000 11511 111111 narrington. 11 1090 11511 mesa-11mm 2000 0110011105 3:00115 752.1:001011 3:010 1

1,1:0001110 30,1:011111110 30.10:011111110 1,10:01m1110 1,1:001011 1 2010 5011 1:1 10 00:11an x,v:ro11 1:0 10 15:500110 0,100-11-1,10,1:0101 11,1:115111 1

1:115111 1:001011

2020

1:1

57:05»

11,1:5011 1:15 51511 -1:500110 0,2011111,10,1:11101 ,v:115111 1:115111 1:5001111 0.0,0,0

5011

1 11

After the introductory page, choose a one or‘two—player game and select the speed keys 1-9. Press START to begin. Both players startanywhere on the screen moving in any direc— tion. Each player leaves a col— oured trail. Use the joystick to move up, down, left or right. The idea is to trap your opponent among the trails without

becoming trapped yourself.

To add to the confusion, you must mgr “1,5

110111

1110

111011511

into

your

The program will run without the REM statements and requires less than 13k of RAM. At the end of the game the scores

displayed. Have fun

are

9000 3190 F0ll 1:1 70 “HIE?" I 3110 0010“ “PLOT LYNN“ 4000 100015 110+111,vp1111,z:15 4130 4910 IF KJO' THEN “80 4020 15 1111111 111511 111:-1 4030 15 101111 111511 01:1

51:15:11:15:111:0:111:0:11:0 3020 IF 111111101)0.5 111511 111:1:vx:0:15 111110)(0.5 111511 111:—1 3030 15 01:0 111511 11:1:15 1111111111 (0.5

3050 IF 01:0

111511

111:1:v1:0:15

£11

111111101<0.5

VJ:—1

00500 0000 15 11051 10511 005011 7000 11:111111w:v+111 1001115 0.11.2:15

z00

111511

111:—1

2011

‘

111

111:111*—1:11:5

J=1=IF 111111101015 111511 VJz—l 01:0:100015 KPJPWJJHF ZOO

11:1:001

111

v.1:11.1*—1:14:5

4120 15 11:5

200

11:1:15

111511

11111

111:—1

111511

01:01:15 01:0

(0.5

4050 VJ=0:L111:ME 11P111J,VP.Z=IF

511

111511

11:-1

3040 15 111111101)0.5

11:10» 111101111

41140 15

1:1:15

3:50” P 1:0 111511

(01):v1>:111112411111101011

101101 (0.5

crash

you

opponent's trail or your own, you will be destroyed. This includes reversing into yourself, so don't try going back along the trail you're leaving.

4000 IF 11:5 111511 1001115 KP+KJ.VP.Z:IF 2011 111511 11:3:5010 901111 48711 5010 41111 4000 IF MVP WEI VJz-l 4090 15 101111 111511 v1:1 4100 IF 1'sz THEN VJ=VI:IF 11:0 111511 1

3010 001011 1:0101 11,0:001011 3:0101 1111. 70:0:(11131111000nnm1 0000:51=15:11:15:

3000 3070 3000 3090

October 7985

(IF

11110

1111111011:11:1111124*11110(0n:110:1111(401111110

9:0051055x17041—32):0010 2070 2000 0010 2050 2070 551001011 4,2,4:2 "115115511 11—s1ou 9—fast) 2":01055 01:00511 111.4,0,--11:"

42 ATARI USER

111

2 “Press to play:":PoKE 532 79.0 2110 IF 1155111532791 00 111511 2110 2120 5:00515-101115 3000 011111111105 19:00115 712,10:11:1111(40*

11511

—

110111

112."

2100

11511

wraparound

2000 01055 01:011511 111,4.0,?11:":11m11 20 00:051 111,5:s:001101111515n:15 5)9 011 5 (1 111511 2939 2090 551001011 4,5.4:2 "1111155111 10115110 1115) 11110

the

forget

—

2030 0101 0,0:011111110 39,0:011111110 39.10 :011111110 0,19:1111111110 0,0:551001011 4.7.4 won: 712,z 2040 2 "0115 011 1110 010175115 (mpg) 1mm 0115 704,255 2050 15 11551117041:31 011 11551117041:30 1 11511

not

screen.

4130 0010 5000 5010 5020 15

111511

111511 100015 00,10111,z:15 11:3:0010 9000

11:0:00:11011111111zv11111u1101

1111.10:

3000 005011 0000 15

11051

111511

005011 7000

110:xp+111:v11:v11111:100015

z00

111511

11:2:0010 9000

110.111nz:

______—____

/l ~

‘

7:1

«///‘_/

f \\

011! VIII]

_./

5T RUCTURE PROGRAM “?rst run. Lines

'/ l

opening pageO Pr ompt onwards 2040 spefé of P‘aVers’ umber

DISD la Y '

2000- 2120

3000-31 10

X' Y

user to enter d and start. Mode 3 in

5000-504

joystiCk

Read

GOOD-60.20

direction.

(subrOutmei

E va mate

7 000-7080 .

DOTt

coordinates .

(subroutine) 0000-809o

E rr or

handling row“

screenCoiiision

9000'9120 7

10000-1000

and

routineeffects. Dispiav scores-d a ta displaY page O p ening

5040 PLOT up,vp:coro 3050 0000 51:5110uon1r 51:15 IHEII IF SIG! 7000 IF 51:9 on 51:10 7000 JI:SI:15 so“ SJ:STICK(1):IF 5515 THE! IF SJ(7 1000 IF SJ:9 00 51:10 1000 11:51:15 0020 007000 7000 SI:JI:SJ:JJ:IF sncunzu 7050 v

1:-1:01:0 7.10 IF sucuuzu 7000 vxzmuza 7020 IF sucxm=7 TIIEI nrznuzo 7030 IF sucxmzu 1000 gin-1:71:13 7040 IF sr_100119:14 7000 u:-1:xJ:0 7050 IF sncuuzn 10:0 VJ:1:xJ:0 7000 IF sncxm:7 1000 XJ=1:YJ=D 7070 IF sncxmzu 1000 xJ:-1:w:0 7000 0000 0010 0020 0040 0050 0000 0070 0000 0090

8 0 und

Wraparou nd

001000 IF x<1 "IE! x:x+40:soro 0090 IF 1000 "1:0 0:0-40 IF N1 7000 v:v+24:0010 0090 IF 0022 7050 v:v—24 IF um mu xpzxpuomom 0090

IF up)“ man upzxp-u If 70“ 7050 YP=VP024:GOTO 0090 IF vnzz THEI vpzvp-u innonzzw?iztxuanmenu“) mm P 0000:00m £0000 9000 FOR 1:0 to 12mm: 712.1:0001 1:0 on 1:15 70 0 5150 -0.z:souun 0.40.0,1:

coiouf

NEXT! _00p control. coordmates for settin 9

nner(neSted)FOR

XP ' YP

ofplayer F”Cordlna'tes

NEXTlooDoontrol.

—

2 or

4ooo

zapijzrygrusmber

computer player, 5000—

—

§:'i‘:

g?CKmNalueforplayeri CK(l)v a Us for

playerz St ore the ne Xt coordinate for player1 Ident'f' Hes ”35th St ore neXt playerforscoring coordinate for player 2 Computer.

X 1, W W XJ I yJ

Data

LOCATEd

sm SC2 SC3

2 ERROR

Up Screen

(delay leop) ControL gpeeq

for next pixei. f0r

dlSpla

4000-4130

Ge neral

onwards gtart p\ayer5 gra‘ph‘35060 directions. coiiision' for random action 05138“ is game in direction. Plot gym te chang Te St for in the tralL Ci‘§f\13xei n CO ms'ion' S Computer path f or p \a Y er 2. moves contm‘ Caicuiate data and

VARIABLES

FOR.

Coordmres X,Y. Stores “he number

the

pixel

W'th

wh ere Cursor—out—

re nge GrrOr OCCUrred.

Of '

Player score. PlaVer2 score. 1

”War 3 score.

9010 Jz—izfol 1:0 To 00 STEP 9.2:COL00

I:PLOT H,Y:PLOT KP,VP:J:J*SGII(JHI:50 mm 0,1+J+00,10,12:05m 1 9020 50mm 0,0,8,0:GMPHICS 1:? 06:7 0

19003 0070 25,11,2s,10,25,9,25,0.25,7, 25,6,25,5,26,5,27,5,28,6,28,7,27,8,26,8 10004 00m 11,0,12,0.10,0,14,0.15,0,13

,9,11,18,13,11,13,12,11,13,13,14 17.14.17.13.17.12,17.11,17.

10.05 mm

9030 IF 0:1 10:0 2 00;" 010050 1 00050 ED!“:503=563M:IF 0:5000 1000 scz:scz+

10,17,9.17,0,10,0,19,0,20,9,20,10,19,1

1:51:3zscz—1 9040 IF 0:2 7000

2 am" PLAYER 2 00050 £05":sc1:sc1+1 9050 IF 0:3 men 2 tam-mun 0502 onus NED!":501:S(:1+1 9000 ? 00:7 3m" 50000500? 00:2 00;" Player 1: "mm? 00:7 mu" Playe r 2: --;502 9070 2 00:9 am" atari 0502: --;scx 9000 2 00:0 am" 90555 start ling-0? u

1,10,11,19,12,19,13,20,1x.20,14 10000 00m 22,14,22,13,22,12.22,11,22,

10,22,9,23,0,24,0,25,9,25,10,25,11,25, 12.25,13.25.14.23,12.24.12 10007 00m 27,14,27,13.27,12,27,11,27,

10.27.9.27.8.28,0.29,0,30,9,30,10,29,1 1,213.11

0;"

ANOTHER GRHE 00000 53279,0 9090 IF 00511153279) 00 man 9090 9100 00m 2040 10000 0070 9,5,9,0,9,7,9,0,9,9,9,10,10

,11,11,10,11,9.11.0,11,7,11,0,11,5,1z, 11,13,10.13,9,1x,0,1x,7,13,0,13,5 10001 0010 15,11,15,10,15,9,15,0,1s,7, 15,0,15,5,10,s,17,5,10,0,10,7,17,0.10. 0,17,9,17,10,10,10,10,11

20,11,20,10.z0,9,20,0.20,7, 20.6.21,5.22.5,23.6.23,7.23.0,23.9.23, 10002 0070

Tired of

typing?

Take advantage of cu, finger-saving offer on Page 61.

October 7985 ATAR/ USER

W m@_ ‘zgid‘ij Wé?gg’? (‘

’

‘

5 2— .

Part VI ofMIKE BIBBY's guide through the micro lung e -

you have a number of lines of a program that you want repeating for a definite number of times you mark them out by putting the FOR statement at the beginning and the NEXT statement at the end of those I'nes' When the micro reaches a FOR it knows it has a loop on its hands. It will repeat the llnes (or code, as the professionals say) between the FOR and the NEXT as many times as needed. do thls, the micro needs to To use a vanable as a counter to keep track Of how often the lOOp has been In used

ourprewous

lOOpS.

vealways

for our timethe loop Each was vve increased performed number “m" we reached ourfimshing bV or? condmon. In a FOR N EXT IOOp the variable you use for your counter increases automatically on each repetmon Of the However, you loop. need to tell where to start the-micro see how we do and where to flnlsh.To In let S lookat |' thls. practice, Program numerlc

variable

counter—number.

‘

OUI HELLO 10 Whlgh prints “me?Lines 30 and 50 mark out thelines we want repeating (line 40). Line 30 reads: sit

FUR.

NUHBth

it?

_‘

21"

‘Q‘;

.. ’ ’:

kl: .

w M“ W“ a

Vkl/

//.

~‘

/ g «x-

\%§/

4:32)“;

wt“

\.,‘ 1

mkmllllgmu.

1,1.)

now I

my -

micro carries on with the rest of the program, in this case line 60. The outcome of all this is that HELLO is printed 10 times followed by a final GOODBYE. The micro's thought processes go like this: *

NUMBER

increase NUHBER

PM?” l“i'lELLil”

“UNBER 2 PRINT

"HELLO”

RUBBER 3 PRINT

—

time the loop is repeated until it gets past 10. The loop is then finished and the

increase

—

parameters. . The lines of the code to be repeated are termed the body of the

Program/

WEBER

Let's learn some jargon: 0 What we’ve cal/ed the counter variable /5, not surpr/smg/y, cal/ed the loop var/able. 0 The “limits" of the /00p in this case and 70 are cal/ed the loop

“H “mm“ I 2° "1“ “RS‘HS’ 3, Fort Human to 1. to PRIIT "unto" 50 Ian militia 59 "I“ “WWW” 10

“HELLO“

loop. 0 When you ?nish a loop and continue with the rest of the program we say that you have dropped out of the bottom of the loop. Notice that we've put the loop variable, number, after NEXT in line 60. Some Basics let you leave this out not so the Atari. All the above has been a rather long—winded explanation of a simple method of getting the computer to do something a fixed number of times. Try the following versions of line 30, and keep a careful count of the number of HELLOs you obtaln. Are they what you expected? _

and so on until: = 9 PRINT ‘HELLB' increase NUHBER NUHBER =i? PRINT “HELLO' Increase NUHBER NUMBER

tells the micro to start number at and keep on increasing it by one each

October 7985-

fag:

’

iffy/p

10!

The FOR indicates the beginning of the loop. This is followed directly by the counter variable, in this case number. After the 't' sign the l to 10

44 ATARI USER

4517.6

’

‘

lit“

if?

‘

L-

performed.

{£1777 \

“ff?

.‘

l...” g

‘

loop.

, K“

4.1

T’"\

‘u (q‘w-

LAST month we looked at how to create loops using a conditional statement anda GOTO. However, if you just want your micro to do something a fixed number of times, there is another technique you can use, the FOR . . . NEXT

CS”;

TEE \

fr"

.——

NUMBER

so go on

But the loop is 60

FOR

NUMBER

T0 20

FOR

NUHBER

3“

70 26

3“

FUR

NUMBER

‘

m 25

=ll

FOR

NUNBER

FUR

NUHBER l

0 T0 11

to “he

As will be obvious from the above,

Beginne'is

———————————

the loop variable doesn't have to start at 1. Just to warn you of a possible source of future errors, try changing line 30 to: 30

FOR

COUNTER

3 T0 11

that the output starts with to I?

FOR statement one after

(counter) doesn't match the the NEXT (number).

10 RE” 9mm»! xv 20 nut cunSqu)

10 m1

"053“

2. "I“

23:1.“uh

1°

Even if YOU don't fUHY bet what's going 0”: what guess

and so on.

“ pm."

YOU

can Still

CHRSIbSl

would give you! CHR$ stands for "Character String" though always read it as "Chris", so would pronounce: I

CHRSIBS)

“print Chris eighty—five". The code number can be stored in a variable,

“nuns; most!

LOOP

III

“0ch

to 1:

z::tlf£v.toomm,tmoomw

ng’a’" ”l

1a 884 musician 01 20 “I“ cults (125) so m1 smxussw

—

micro to do a considerable amount with very little coding on your part. Program IV will print out whatever multiplication table you want.

alterline 600f Program III

"gsnucsr?

7° 5°“

“

Program

Program VI generates the Ascii code for the character you input. Try inputting a string of more than one character and see what happens. Program Vll shows the printable Ascii codes between 32 and 122_ There are others, but for the moment we'll ignore them. Notice the loop par— ameters m line 30" ‘

011

cunsuzs) 1° 122 3° W“ “m“: a mum mammoth 58 E!“ 1.00? 20 PRINT

NUHBER

CHRSINUHBER)

will work. You see, every Character you can put on the screen has its own code number. The code forA is 65,for takes the B is 66 and so on. cnnsll code and turns it into a character that is, a string a single string

—

)

‘

V”

ng'a’"

Remember,you don't have to start NEXT loop with the value 1. However, it's sometimes easier to visualise what's going on if the loop does start with I or perhaps zero. For instance, Program VIII prints out the whole alphabet in capitals!

FOR

numbers have been standardised in a table called, rather grandly, the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It's .. known as Ascu pronounced "Askey" for short. If, however, like me you can never make head nor tail of tables ofinformation,y0u'llbe glad to know that you can use a Basic to tell you the word called ASCI These

number,

"msetsmnlsn

10 It!!! woman

no need for you to stop at 10 try increasmg it to 100. Thats the good you can get the thing about loops

' "a letter ,.. Statues "A?cn (ode for

so:

character long.

Program Ill prints out the squares and cubes of the numbers up to 10. Rather nice isn't it? Of course, there's

Can you

understand

The new line prints out the value of loop after the loop has ended. Can you explain the result?

to run 5. “PM 69 Put"

Once you've worked out what happening here try adding:

V-

you recall, the loop parameter increases by one each time theloopis repeated. In a burst of wild originality I've called the loop parameter loop. The first time through the loop,/oop IS 1, so line 40 prints out the value 1. Then loop is increased to 2 since it is the counter, so line 40 prints out 2,

you remember to press Return (and I'm not going to remind you from now on!), will give you 65, the code for A. ASC stands for Ascii, so read the example above as ”PRINT Askey A".

which,

"mung:

30 Fat!

19 an 917mm 0 2! mm! cunsuzs) 30 may enema “ ”1“ mm“) so nut mesa?)

cunsuzs)

ASC(“A'l

running Program

Program

2. "I“

1”. PRINT

Program II

10 RE!

do 9“

Program /V

3. F“ “991179 “ “I" 10” so altar we?

tab"

5. F” worn to 12 70 mm Leon" mttiplied ;" is "mama 5. if“ 1“?

NOW try

Now try Program Il.

character you're interested in. You just put the letter you want in quotes of inside the brackets course, as we always do with strings. For example, we ask the micro to print out the code for A with: —

in the

3° "I“

Assuming that you haven't changed line 50 from the original Program I, you'll get an error message. This is because the loop variable you‘ve

specified

and decreases

Ascii

code, of the

u 2. 3. 4. is.

nan moan" VIII m1!" cnttsuzs) Hm “09:65 to 30 palm cannula»; It!“ L011?

Program V/I/

' October 7985 ATARI USER

Beginners

\ ;

“KM

arid”?

\\\..

6 ,

However,

Qt?

”(l/? f‘

.// \\\s~r'i\s§\3 4,

‘ ,

prefer Program lX,

which performs the same task.

What happens is that instead of just printing out the loop variable line 30 subtracts it from 11 first. So: when loop :7, 70isprinted(7 7—7} when loop :2, 9 is printed (7 7-2) and so on until: is printed when loop :70, 7

(7 7—70).

Here we are using 1. RE" "mm“ m 2. punt emisuzs} 30 OFFSET-164 ‘9 F0? WW“

sort of

offset. Try using this idea of taking the loop variable from a number to alter Programs VIII and IX to print the alphabet in reverse, 2 to A. Before we leave Program X, must make the point that would normally write line

W 25

i: zgrlngm???ww’;

10. That is, we go from 0 to 10 in steps of 2. Line 30 holds the secret. You see, we've assumed that in

FOR... NEXT loops the loop variable —we've always used loop— increases, or steps up by one, each time through the loop. Actually we can tell the computer how much is added each time by tagging STEP onto the end of our previous FOR line. In line 30 we have Specified a STEP of 2, so 2 is added to the value of the loop variable each time. Change line 30 to:

Program IX

40 What happens

that, since offset is 64 throughout the loop, line 50 rin h C HR $ 0 f, oop plus 64

as.

Eorfxgrfptle?

W PRINT

(11

bit of admit there's a a mathematical jiggery—pokery invoI— ved, but when I'm dealing with the to 26 mean alphabet the numbers far more to me than 65 to 90. I

The braCkEtS

Grantedthere's one Program Vlll, but it

alter the

more line than is far easier to

if’ say,

happen to

program To demon— figures wrong. th's’ change “ne 30 to: I

get my

35 OFFSET

codes Hey presto, lower case! The for the lower case lie from alphabet 97 122. Try altering Program Vlll to to out In lower case, and you'll pm? involves mUCh

seeo'ft mpdrehwork. offset izngidY/zz 2301105265hbaui '

m “C ht mean?as

9“

_ I

Of always th'?k the alphabet interms Of 26! Whlle we re on the SUbJeCt Of offsets, let's have a look at Program X. This prints the numbers from 10 1

rather than from

to 10.

i: signi?es: 5. “a,

um,

Program X 46 ATARI USER

October 7985

the l

10 STEP 2

5' 7 and 9

printed

th 6 t 10' IS never prin t e d thisis becausewhen loop i39andyou come to NEXT loop, you increase it by 2, obtaining 11, This is outside the loop parameters, so you drop through the bottom of the I00p that is, the loop ends. You can actually use the idea of STEP to decrease the loop _

—

giréanle

you jUSt use

negative

and PRINT

ma)

give totally different

results. What happens is that the micro performs the sums inside the brackets first, then does the rest. So in the first example the micro says to itself8minus2 is 5, multiplied by 3 gives 78, Whereas in the second it says 2 multiplied by 3 is 6, subtracted from 8 /6‘6V95 2- 50 my amended line 40 tells the computer to do the sum first, then print the answer. As I've said, in this 0339 it's not strictly necessary, but such good habits may prevent you inadvertently dropping lhtO error later.

Program X” uses this technique to print out the numbers 10 down to 1: far more simply than in Program XI.

2: zzzlzn?zzzzzg so FOR LO0P=10 to 1315? 40 Pratt" LOOP so um LOOP

3:3?331; 4. "III 50 If“

mom

to to 5m

—1

Program X//

Notice that the

loop parameters go from 10 to 1. The larger number comes first, since we are decreasingthe parameters each time. now

Adding

—1

away.

You

equivalent to taking

don't

haVe to

even

whole numbers To line 30 Of It’ try changing grove X” to. rogram increase

STEP by

30 mt 19 RE" "mm s 20 run camsuzs)

do hOt affect

used here simply as "container" for the mathematics. prefer this tidier approach, even if it's not strictly necessary. the use Of Sometime-s, however, brackets IS Vital. For instance:

down to

OUtN 0 t'ice

and so on.

that doesn’t

LOOP,

outcome. They're

for loop 27, CHR$(65) is printed; for loop :2, CHR$(66) is printed

strate

LOOP =

FOR

and you get 1'

36 FOR

LOOP

10 STEP

0.5

LGOP

UMP

Can you see

Program X/

Have a look at Program XI. prints out the numbers 0, 2, 4,

This 6, 8,

Now

that

what’s happening? we’ve

covered

the

fundamentals of loops we’ll continue next month by using them ina variety of ways.

Contest

———————————-

—

in...

130XE -and lOl’S

—

great

In our

free contest!

. .

g? i ‘

f \

= l l l . I I

free

contest

Microprocessor

Compatibility with other models. Memory available.

c D E F

speed.

Good sound capabilities. Integral language. Software support. I/O serial port ?tted. Full range of peripherals.

My slogan

is (not more than

f“

..4'5

“\

r?“

WM 3&5" a???

‘

is“

f};

”?g a”,

“or;

. . ‘

‘

:¢ f

__l ,.

V .

if}

?g:

"i 1

Cw} «ii

COMM” ”bk

‘

54 f

. ‘

’~

M-

A71

' '

[31va an

‘\

, '

gas

—

Your

THIS month Atari User is giving away a super bundle containing the recently launched Atari 130XE personal computer and a 1050 disc drive plus a box of blank discs all by courtesy of Compumart, the newly formed and rapidly expanding Atari mail order company based in the Midlands. And to go with it we're offering five software packages from US Gold, one of the major software houses for the Atari. Join in this simple-to-enter competition and you could be lucky enough to have this sleek, stylish new machine with its 128k RAM at your fingertips. And entering couldn't be easier. All you have to do is to list, in order of priority, the points on the coupon that you consider to be most important in a new home micro. Then use your flair to write a short Slogan Of “0t than 20 words that would be suitable for a more television advertisement for the 130XE.

3g $4" ’: “-

_.,’

6514

A, ”

' '

j“

ém?wemswmAmourn...WWW

‘

F/VE software packages from US Gold— Blue Max, Drop Zone, Pole Position, Spitfire Ace and NATO Commander.

entry form

= Name

___———-—————

Address

words)

| l |

__________.___—-

l I

l I I I I

________________

____________—————

________________—___

l . I . l I

_______________

Post to: Atari 130XE Contest, Atari User, Europa House, 68 ChesterRoad, Hazel Grove, Stockport SK7 5NY. To arrive not later than October 37, 985.

-------------------------------------------------I

October 7985 ATARI USER

I | l

—_———_

in?

an mi 10 males ”55:12?

’

um:

752mm:

710,145:

El”

H ow to u s e

that extra 64k 'F V0“ happen t° be °“e °f the fortunate who has been ones forced by a Wife who wants to keep YO“ quiet im° bUYing the new Atari 130XE then you may know that a new DOS is available which allows us to use the extra 64k of RAM as a RAM—disc. Yes, it’s true, good old DOS 2.0 has been upgradedto DOS 2.5for the 130. "What’s the .5 for?" hear you I

ask.

Well, the DOS 2.0 screen format functions have been kept almost the same, but this version comes with an extra file called RAM DISK.COM. When you boot DOS thedisc 2.5 looks for and loads this file before it lOOkS for the AUTORUN.SYS flie. When the boot process has and

finished and control has been passed to Basic, assembler or to your application program,you have at your disposal an extra "disc drive" accessed with the device name D8:filename.ext. Good, ehl Instead of saving your program to the disc every 10 minutes (just in case you crash) you are able to save copy to the extra area of RAM. a This DB drive can be used exactly

asanormal drive, loading,saving and even opening a file to get or put bytes from or to.

During the process of programming with most assemblers, for example, you often have

need to disc files

"INCLUDE" a number of within the code at assembly time. How about, instead of having these files

have them in RAM and call them by changing the code to .INCLUDE 4¢D8zfile .. Think about it. All the simplicity of on a disc,

48 ATARI USER

October 7985

“0

including library files with the speed of a machine code byte transfer routine. Let me tell you, it speeds up the assembly stage no end and keeps that disc from spinning, too. Let me explain what this little program does. Type in the Basic listing exactly as shown. After saving it (please), type RUN. The program will check your typing and if to have made a you just happen few mistakes in data you the have entered the appropriate message Wl|| be printed and the Offending line WI” —

for alteration. Insert a DOS 2.5 disc with RAMDlSK.COM into drive when asked to, and press Return. An AUTORUN.SYSfile will be written to be listed

the disc.

Now that has been done, let me tell you how to use the program. If you have a number of files on disc that you regularly use utilities, listed subroutines or your INCLUDE files for example how nice it would —

—

be if they were already on the RAM—disc after the boot process has done its bit. Well it saves copying them over one at a time, doesn't it? All you have to do is rename all the files you wish to be transferred to

drive

8 with the extender .D8. Quite easy to remember isn't it? Now when you boot up using this disc it must have RAM DISK.COM on of course all of yourfiles will be moved into RAM just waitin 9 to be —

—

used.

If ”55:2 THE. PI" “1,“ M'TE

120 El“

K|NG presents a simple way to take the straln OUt Of d'sc ?lmg _

el?z?llfllll

...

M|CHAEL _

20 mzlzlESl’OlE arr "55:1 "It! Posn' Ion 12,1o:? "cutouts untumem u 3. 9051710! 12.10:? “HIT!“ LIE " a Fall LIlizlm to “to Step 10 so ream“ 16,12=‘! um 70 run “15:1 to u to mm m

?nzuceggcu

man 2 "men I! at 752.0:1151 LIIE=EID 150 mt u“ 160 IF ”55:2 men 2 :? “NTMJYS c “purge-gm 1?! 1 :? "use“ “Strum! us; m an . (cw-“ms 7“,zss no u PEEKHHJ?SS son were cunsu Si) 1” ”55:30?“ Ul-‘nU-"NmW-S?" 2“ “7° 2. 2“ m 220 m 255,255,0.32.251,32,159,1z,1 “Mm

$025,229“ ' ' 1,76,85,220.157,74,3,169,l,1

$33?“ “2.

M“

7s,3,169,3,1$7,66.3,76.06,22

3,“ 1.3. MI“

24,165,212.105,12,133,212.16

5,213,353“ 1“. MIA 0,133,213,95,159,177,133,u2 .169,33,729 105. Mm 133,213,96,ss,49.58,42,46,sa 56.558 1060 M“ 155.3232.32.32.12.32.32,32.

32" “7. MM 32'32’“""5°'"Lindy,” 30,101,135

grams: $3,183,104,17443543432,1

“$037,110.15,102,101,114.us,1

1..1.3'32,5'2 not

Mr.

102.105.1“.101.115.32.ni.1

u,3z,sz,us nu ma 5.94 112. “70

ss,77,3z,u,7x,sz,7s,zz,ss,4 155.155.0-0.23'.240.2.162.0,

“9:215 use “I“

”?u-"J-15"‘1'1411“'3:

“L” nu

n"“'“'3'“"3s’“"n'3'

33:3“ .

141 ' 73 ’ x ’ 32 ' 86 '2u'“2’“’

32 ' 674

u“

”Mi"1"“”n'm'°"”

l 130 XE U?l‘ty

———————

169,483

129. “T“

117. DQTG 47,157,58,3,15’,5,32,8.32,32 .37 113. “Th 38,32,162,16,169,5,157,§5,3,

169,125 1300 DM’O 32,157,59,3,169.4,32,8,12,48

169,654

1.31. “Ti

119. GM" O,157,73,3,159,11,157,72,3,1 55.554 1200 mm 212,157,58.3,155,213,15?,59, 3,32ft'43 1210 MTG 88,228,16.,1,177.212.2.1.32,

0,549

69,3.173,116,32,157,72,3,173 ,117,538 143. D?T? 32,157,73,3,32,85,228,32,24, 32,317 144. MTG 75,223,32,224,2,225,Z,110,32

3,76,52,33,2.6,2“,2,95,162, .

1320 MIT“ 169,,,157,~55,3,159,55,157,58

,I,27.l

,3.405 1338 5011. 159,32,157,59,3,169,530,157,7 2.3,286 1349 9.70 32,“,228,152,15,169,161AS7 ,56,3,360 135. ”Tl £89,34,257,69,3,15,.7.157,55

159,697

ext“:

113. M70 ‘3,1‘1,57,32,160,2.l77,212,1 53,67,757 1240 um 32.zoo.nz,n.zoo,zu,mo,x, 135,55,50 125. M70 32,2.1,32,260,8,2“,192,Ll,2

um m,m,1sa,73,x.3z,u,zza,1 ss,u,«9 1360

;

137. MT“ 1‘1,115.32,155.41.141,117,32

”159,553“, “1.57.32,162,16,32,0.32,162 JG,”

; 5

138. um

52,323“ 176,213,240,3,76,242,32,169,4

5,153,43. 1270 para

,157,723 1120 NT“

,679

2.8,6,54 1228 ”Hi 32,24,32,75.175,32,32,38,32,

1260 um

|,32,152,16,159,55.157,68,3,

1390 um

] ,

159,65,157.ss.3,159,32,157.s

Trred Of typing?

$3,972

55,324”.so,1sx,sr,xz.159,s

14"

5,153,395 12“ earn 68,32,169,155.153,69,32,162,

”M

157,736 1410 MM

1532.23;

159.832.332-152;15.159,11,

Take advantage of our finger—saving offer on Page 61.

66.3.169,161,157,68,3.159,34

WOOTTON COMPUTERS FUR

Y 0 rk com p uter

SPECIAL

sznsr 5m

e ntre

Hi'HeS

OPENING 4

Computer

MUN]

3.5”

STONEGATE ARCADE YO R K TEL: 0904 641862

PLEASE

£749

AND

GAMES

SOFTWARE LOWEST PRICES

£13000

£147 97 £34 99 £199 99

£65.00 £28.99 £140.00

Home Frlirrq Manauei 1050 Llrsc Drive T30XE 4 Pay Off Adventure - Game Master Disc (9.95l Printerlnterface H.C.S. PERIPHERALS

H.C.S. SOFTWARE Ga'a’uan Lane Raider

00’ S 0 F TIT L E s if

it-

‘U'L

Crazy

£8995 £7995

Copier Kingdom at selected soltwarelrum

£9 45 £9 45 £9 45

£945 £8 95 each

£939 at discount

urices.

Please

phone

£14.99 lull

for

514955 £13.99 details of stocks.

£22 99 £22 99 £22.99

174

l£995

£20 99 £20.99 £20 99

£1295“!

)

HUME/BUSINESS

Memorex S

rscs

L b

£19

Bf..‘i"é'.§’;:f.z;?i"..'caaav U

53-9.

BUD

23.33

S £19.99

Trak Ball 5

R I N G F O R D ETA' Ls

£38 95

£99 99

EDUCATION/PROGRAMMING

Mth

£233.00 £219.95

£49.99

£9 99

Asteroids

Assembler Editnr Conversational French/urSpanish Conversational German‘or Italian

* * *

FOR ATARI U P T0 50 oA 0 F F I

£79 95

£999

Donkey Koannr. All Atarisuft software available

SOFTWARE

{235 95

£9 99 £9 99

Pengo POIePusrtiun

£249.55

Sspilicer?egzcgeznted

ATA R I 520 ST 7 49 90 N OW I N STOC K |

£240.00

£289

850Interlace 1020 PrinterHi—Res

* * *

£93.95

£89 95

‘

Clurx

£259 £299

Printer Letter?ualrtyDaisywheel 4 llOOchl Mannesman Tally MT 80 EX77 Touch Tablet Atari Art Suit

“37

0 BY U PG RAD E S l Goox L To 64K 59 95 GOOXL To 1 28K 89-95 800X I. TO 1 28K 59.95 SOOXL To 256K P.O.A.

AT THE

“5999

—_——

PU-A.

BE AVAlLABLE

130XE128kCDmputer 800XL 84k Computer 0ixlcartl Joystick 1010 Recnrder Prugram 1050 Disc Drive + 003 3 BDOXL + 1an cass. 4 Invit Frog. 4 Pole Posrtrun Joystick BODXL » 1050 Disc Drive ‘ Home Filing Manager Game Master DISCTg 951 Pay Bil Adventure ~

OurPrice

PHONE

Drive 500k

Monitor

ALL ST BUSINESS

—.———

OFFERS

DISC

All Subject

your

disc costs

to availability

use the

Bside.

All prices

inc

Disc

Notcher

VAT P&P extra

£17.99

£5.99 please

enquire.

116 EDLESTON ROAD, CREWE, CHESHIRE. 0270-214118 October 7985 ATAR/ USER

“W \e t“ own ate .

Powe;

screw to

save

DATA

£2

LL,“VT

wrsxr

05216

"73353333097. iiaa m

;,tf'{"‘é?,‘~.j_~ '“

M45 —

ma 122g?

IT’S by

the amazing Miracle

Tammy “200°“ °“e°“he

directly into your Atari. You will be able to join Micronet/Prestel, which will immediately open up to you a vast menu of 750,000 pages of information instant world news, sports, holidays, hotels, train and airline timetables, all regularly updated. And you can become one of a growing number of enthusiasts who are joining MicroLink, the giant database set up in conjunction with Telecom Gold. But first, send for the Miracle package and enter the fascinating, limitless world of communications! —

Use the order form —

even to download free software programs

aw”?‘iZfZlf-i:i“xfi‘;i‘.s

—

°W”telexmessages’t"g°te'e'5h°"°‘”g‘

on the market, it’s simplicity itself to

acking

—

Modem/Software/Serial Interface.

revolut|on

use. Just plug it into a standard British Telecom jack and you’re away! The package also features the superb Datari serial interface, which links the modem directly to the Atari‘s peripheral port without the need for the 850 serial interface. The best hardware deserves the best software to drive it, and with the specially written Multi-Viewterm program the package is complete. It supports all the standard baud rates 1200/ 75, 75/1200, 1200/1200 half duplex and 300/300 full duplex. Your Atari User package will allow you to talk directly to other computers, to send your

far the fastest growing ?eld in micro-computing. All over the world micros are talking to each other over the telephone line. As well as to the ever-increasing number of public and private databases, bulletin boards and even giant mainframe computers, We want all Atari User readers to share in the new technology that makes all this possible, So we're offering a unique starter pack at an unbeatable price. It gives you everything you need to get in touch with the big wide world outside:

IOnS -

$553, MODE~—-—~

Wm.

communlca

a...

Price includes VAT. post &

on Page 61

~s§i®§

l n n

w ”"

,‘

-——

v, ,

t 0 J— Cl"

—-

“M‘mCALTEST

power-ft.)

. ,

——_———_ ...,,c.,.....

7“

Us-

CARRIER

The modem

A”WWI] Q?g‘lgl?

Amoney-savingspccialofferirom

t ll

eggs {S ‘

i‘

Wrist TeIeLinkNo.

a" z;

————

I—ORDERFORM———— Please supply the followmg. _

TeIeLink No. 3

Includes the first Teletext & Viewdata the latest industrial news. Plus features educational databases, start of a guide how to work out your phone bill and a micros with comms. facilities.

News, highlighting all on financial, legal and to Knowledge index, survey on portable

TeleLink No. 5 Special supplement: Guide to Communications Software. A survey of 37 communications software packages for 1 1 of the most popular micros. Plus advice on viewdata graphics, description of the de facto standard for UK bulletin boards, Xmodem, and online humour from Punch editor Alan Coren.

Access |_1_.|_.|._J

—

V'sa M

I 5005 5005 5007 5008 5009 5070

£725 £7.25

£725 £7.25 £7.25

n_‘_.|_1_4

5007

)

D Debit my credit card account:

£7.25

(Nov/Dec 1984) 2 (Jan/Feb 1985) 3 (Mar/Apr 1985) 4 (May/June 1985) 5 (July/Aug 1985) 6(Sept/Oct 1985) 1

HA—l

Tata/

|_s__|_.g_r '_‘_“"“

—

_——

g_1_i._4__l

“4—1

I '

Name —_—_Slgned___—__ .

Address

—__—_——*_—_‘

———___—_

%' Post to: TeIeLink, Database Publications, 68 Chester Road, Hazel Grove, Stockport SK7 5NY. 4800171

TeIeLlnk No. 6 Special supplement: Guide to teletext page design. A leading expert tells how to achieve eye-catching viewdata graphics. Plus com-operated Prestel, settmg up educational wewdata systems, using packet radio to cut phone bills, on—Iine credit .

D Cheque enclosed made payable to Database Publications Ltd.

p |

£7 25

Issue Issue Issue Issue Issue Issue

(Commence Wllh issue No.

Special supplement: Guide to Communicating with your Micro. All about user-to—user communications, protocols, how modems work, an introduction to networking and P88. Plus a guide to 39 modems listing all their special features.

TeIeLink No. 4

(J)

Subscription to the next 12 issues ofTeleLink

Special supplement: Guide to Bulletin Boards in the UK. An in-depth survey of what bulletin boards offer and what they cost, how to access them, interviews with 12 leading sysops. Plus a complete listing of 39 bulletin boards, pinpointed on a map of the UK.

——|

TeleLink No. 2

reporting.

t it'

Sales of modems are soaring. The number of on-lme databases and bulletin boards grows and grows. TeleLmk IS TH E way to keep fully informed of the rapid changes now taking piece in the world of communications.

Special supplement: Guide to Microcomputing on Prestel. Contains hundreds of page numbers covering games, education and business and utility programs for the BBC, Apple, Commodore and Spectrum. Plus hints, tips and reviews of comms products.

ll ab

Til/27:27:25,172:2:1allbox No. 72:MAGOO1 Prestel‘ Ke y ”89 M a.'Ib ox N o. 614568383

Don ‘t forget to include your credit card number and full address.

|_________________

———————_dventu OVER the last few months I have endeavoured to give as broad a

Dan 9 e

perspective as possible on the various types of adventures avail— able, as well as try to give an idea of some of the problems associ— ated with this type of game. In names

doing this

recurring

some

have been Scott Adams (Adventure International), Level 9 and Infocom. To date the first two have for two Dr'nc'pa'

BRILLIG

1265031?“th

adventures which tend to be both well written and of varying degrees of difficulty. Secondly they are among the most affordable of adventures, thus giving cassette—based, being them a wider audience. Infocom stands alone from other adventure producers, and as such deserves to be considered separately. In truth comparisons are not easy, although they can be made with the other adventures, butlthink to be fair Infocom adventures are the standard to which many aspire, but few achieve. Infocom are relatively expensive disc based text—only adventures —

always have been,

and

hopefully

be. One of their advertisements showed a picture of a human brain with the caption “The most powerful graphics computer known to man” or words to that

always will

effect. No blocky pictures of woods and a cottage for Infocom. You are plunged into the most detailed and exact prose available to adventures.

Screens upon screens of text are revealed as you explore the carefully charted worlds which they bring you. The drawback is that unless you have a disc drive Infocom games are not for you. Brillig says that this should inspire you to go out and buy your disc drive now! As stated, Infocom adventures are not cheap. However at least the

package shows some care and imagination, rather than a video case with a printed instruction sheet and

r i 09

-S

ame

explores the fascinating

the game cassette. Hitch—Hikers Guide to the Galaxy, for example includes a microscopic space fleet and peril—sensitive sun— glasses for the player's use in moments of extreme danger the glasses have opaque black lenses. This should be standard issue in any Infocom game, where danger is the name of the game be it from arrest fora murderthat only you know you didn't commit, to being disci— plined in Planetfall for failing to swab the decks correctly shortly before the spaceship explodes. Variety is the essence of the range. Consider the Zork Trilogy, so staggeringly popular that they have gone the opposite route to most software and had book versions made from them. Zork charts a huge underground dungeon in three stages and, while bearing some similarities to Colossal Adventure, shows far more imagi— nation in scene setting. —

—

Partofthereasonforthis,although

by no means all, is the use of disc storage, which allows your Atari to pull off new data all the time as you progress, whereas the majority of other games, being cassette based, do not have that advantage. It is, however, the use to which they put the space available that makes games so special. It is all very well having 7,000 plus locations but if they are all the same it makes for a tedious exploration. Similarly, there seems to be a

thought in adventure that in order to create writing atmosphere all that is required is a liberal sprinkling Of assorted adjec— school

tives and that iS itInfocom adds atmosphere, hOt only by what is ihCiUdEd, bUt also by what iS omitted. On the inclusion side it allows lnfocom’s programmers to develop characters and responses WhiCh leave othergames characters looking

positively flat.

For instance, Sergeant DUffy, ”Ot only “slaps you right back” if you should strike him —a temptation most

players Of Witness succumb to but ”it hurts too", giving Duffy 8 Strength and depth which has you —

also

wincing

at his

grip on yourforearm

to the station. Try fOiiOWihg Veronica at her mansion party in Deadline to try to catch a glimpse of her real murderer as she goes off to her doom. YOU are prevented, not by an

he leads

YOU

abrupt,C|earlyinserted device such as “Veronica disappears and you cannot see her” but by

clumsy butler in

gorilla suit who entangles you with another guest, drags you to the floor, and then obscures your view long enough to prevent you from following your fated hostess. In Planetfall the ambassadorwho passes by in a corridor is not only there for window dressing, he hands you a leaflet extolling the virtues of the DFOdUCtS Of his home planet. cannot recommend Infocom adventures highly enough. While not forthe out—and-out be inner, the are the sort of games thatganyplayerycan enjoy, as much for the things he gets I

‘varlety is .

of the range

the

essence

——> October 7985 ATARI USER

venturing

—

From

from the Level 9 camp is that this will be their first Atari game with graphics. Given the Atari graphicscapability, they had better be pretty good or should imagine that the protests will

Time Zone 2. Well, if you gather up some wood and petrol and put yourfaith in Level 9's own brand of matches (has anyone tried these underwater yet?) you should not only get rid of a giant—sized problem but also find

wrong as for those he gets right, and still have a bundle of laughs on the way. Time for that inadvertent error now, in our glitch of the month competition. Following my look at mazes in Escape from Pulsar 7, by Brian Howorth, last month, it seems appropriate that this month’s logic bomb comes from the sa me Adventures stable in Mysterious Waxworks. Simon Ashford, from Kings Norton in Birmingham, points out that once you are submerged underwater having gone through the airlock, then strike a light, the matches still work. A medium T shirt is on its way to you Simon (the penalty for not including your size) and keep those glitches coming. Got to keep these adventure writers on their toes. Lords of Time crops up again, and SAC Gratton from RAF Cottesmere is having trouble with the Mammoth in

be long and loud. Pete Austin tells me that if the response is good they may well backtrack on the graphics for Atari versions. Level 9 is also expressing an interest in converting games for the

something left behind that will give you a nice warm feeling. How to get past the brontosaurus? Remembering that he is vegetarian may get you out of the pit, but you need to reflect on your acquisitions to

ST range if it takes off. But don’t hold your breath. The same was said for the CL, and look what happened when that hit the

get past him. Lastly, to escape the gladiator, some footwear from showing faith in the temple is all you need. Level 9 isjust about to release Red

marketplace. Not such happy news from Adventure International, who at the time of going to press still could not supply a publication date for Questprobe 3, The Fantastic Four, originally scheduled for July. Next month I'll take a quick look at Wizard of Akryz and Red Moon if it arrives. Don't forget those glitches!

Moon for the Atari at £6.95. Infact by the time you've read this the game should be available, as a few last—minute problems were being ironed out when spoke to Level 9 the other day. So far all Brillig has received is a balloon and a poster, but the news I

Computer Support A fine selection of software and hardware directly from Its makers Something for every ATA Rl* enthusiast ULTIMON!

£49.95

built in machine code monitor capable of stopping any program on the ?y, functions include: DISPLAY/ALTER REGISTERS/MEMORY, MOVE MEMORY, FIND STRING, SINGLE STEP, DISASSEMBLE MEMORY, FORMAT DISK. READ FROM DISK,WRITE TO DISK, and many more. This is the most powerful and the lowest priced on—board monitor ava'lable for the ATARI" don I take our word for "' try one!

80 COLUMN PACK! £69.95 A built in 80 COLUMN text mode, enabled by holding the [SELECT] key down during Great for word DFOCESSOfSr works on a normal TV4 Compatible With "105i DOWEWD» software.

TRIPLER!

NEW£19.95

highquality printed Circuit board allowing the ATARI“ XL XE range to have 3 separate operating systems 0" one machine, selectable before DOWerD- Very easy installation. A

XOS

completely revised operating system for the ATARI’ XUXE range. Compatible with more software than the original XL/XE 0.3. with XOS you‘ll probably never have to use the TRANSLATOR again. XOS also has some totally unique functions including:

CA CASR'SFRIDGE ETTE,

LD ,an ANTI—COLD)S(LASRT, OovelaoiETEbrspTitggrolAiéi/L/éasn?gtémta many more. men ummm (xuxe on-v-i

FAszER ree comes

with so coumw The

NEW£9.95

operating system described above in the form of a TRANSLATOR. have all the functions of XOS when you want them.

THE GAP! Fill the 4K gap 400/800 'th th' h d machine there in/rillygejrSZK of uservRAM.|€Iar?rt)e/vifsr:dnt‘)?t installation.

This

‘

means you

£29.95

d'f' lécftétogzog‘?afc'htsgs?gfgsii '

ovemmeEl Use You

the other side of allyour disks also saves removin 9 thee/IEIWLOWITILICEESCS e protect a el on a disk simply wam m updm inslaha?on very simple_ .

ROM EMULATOR! ”EWLOWPR/CE524-95 Develop and debug cartridge software qutckly and effectively, just write to a specific location then the cartridge RAM area becomes ROM, can also be used to backup cartridges. For 8K & 16K programs, can be switched out it not required. .

PORTPRINT

£29.95

SUPERDISASSEMBLER

£24.95

Run a standard centronics compatible parallel printer from thejoystick ports. includes a relocatable handler, runs with most boot programs. Complete with lead. NEW€9.95 PRINTER INITIALISER An autorun/batch file that automatically flushes the printer and presets printerdefaults, such as font styles etc. Completely reprogrammable.

Disassemble any disk, cassette or cartridge. Uses XL system labels, separate input to pre—determine data bytes. The end result file can be customised then reeassembled using an assembler.

£14.95 FILE LOADER self booting menu and mini DOS system which purely loads files, saves at least 60 sectors on every disk. A

‘BOOT LOAD“

£1495 '

mbe -

masts?rrszzatte?zdsaénsrapists?

XOSTRANSLATOR can

£19.95 BAD SECTOR hardware modification. Write bad sectors to any disk, can be used forcustom creation of bad sectors or to backup some protected disks. Comes complete with sector writer and speed CheCking software. A

W...

£15.95

‘DISK BACKUP

Density smart, fully automatic. £19.95 ‘128K DISK BACKUP same as above but specifically for the extra memory of the 130XE. a Sold subject to not Infringing Copyright. OTHER PRODUCTS AVAILABLE: MAIL/N6 L/ST £12.95, B/ORHYTHMS £7.95, ZAPP/NG ZOMB/ES £6.95, UL T/L/TY PAC ONE £8.95, UTILITY PAC TWO £8.95, UT/UTY TAPE ONE [7'95' MACRO L/BRARY £7295 CARTRIDGE BACKUP £75.95, CASSETTE BACKUP £9.95 and SERIAL //o PLUG £3.99 -

‘

USER GROUP DEM N r We are continually adtgngsrteCVAatilggrfit?JRRANGED 9 products m our range please send SA'E‘ for more details. ATARV is a trademark OfATAR/ COR/DORA 7VON '

Mail order only, to order send cheque or postal order to:

COMPUTER

SUPPORT LTD

26 Seacourt Road, Abbey Wood, London SE2 9UW Tel: 01-311 7339 All/prices include postage & packing. Same day dispatch. 52 ATARI USER

October 7985

October 1985

No. 2

Li |

‘

in association with

TELECOM GOLD

__-'

'-=_:

'E r

'_.—t,v' n—

==_-'

.—' '_—

-—'_ -——— g .—'—

'_—_:._-—'_. ,-':r_-_ n— ‘r n— ; g;— g _: _—_-_— A g 5 .'Z -: = 5 : .: F 5 5. -_.—_rr__.—-_r._F_'._:_:-—_FJ——_rr_rr_: :'

TELEMESSAGES

Spee din 9 the mall

style by the Telemessage-d a“ dictated it by phone

201-250 words 251-300 words 301'350 W°rds

{la guarantiedt break as 333!) deliy-

we“

(“S“a“y very-

g§§8igr53§gto

’

Telemessagez

‘C

First mexssage charged as abovc Each additional address

N/A

£1 30

£2.50

“mm-m30p

INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAMS CHARGE 3

messageexacuy asvouwped 0“ a neatly printed 01“ l‘t in a nd deli— letter—quality Ptmle,’ vered in a disthUVC yellow and blue envelopeare expected to

m— 75

Flat Tale basic charge Each ch afgeable word:

—

Businesses users of the be the biggest serTelemessagq MicroLink the unreliabllltfo vice. With the proml§e ?rst—class P05“ ‘3 a big ddivery day next of

Blre ands H

23"

Band5

32p

(including all Western d Eastern Europe and North Amman ca)

Dehvery 0“ °mamema1form

N/A

£2.50

—

in a ll -

and they COSt an ““6? Telemessaz‘éeS (but u $ri

colour tunately not the to any

be sent cards) can also address in the USA,” frorrct‘

Alaska downlto Hawaii. Arbe wm soon other countrles

joining the system. rest 0 i Meanwhile- for the can, world you the “5: mte MicroLink to send an national telegram. again atha than usmg t e cheaper rate

N/A

° 350 if “are/eme”?ge f” 35 [mes Of text is

or.

winch u approximag 1 equivalem to an A48),

£2.00

We “f

23p

‘m

0 The addressee‘:

K eep ' n

are quoted

ex—?g?r’cetv ‘

”1

tauc FOUR

G e tt

Off

giey

for

gllfl m ‘I ‘CFOLink’s “711 g t

“Nice

W1."

host of new services have now becoming available

made possible by MicroLink being given its own dedicated £500,000

been

mainframe computer

Telecom Gold.

to now has the capacity

and expand considerably, are lots of additional services the planning in presently will enable stage which MicroLink members to par— exciting ticipate in the many developments now taking the world of p ace in communications.

cctrom'c

YOUR chance to 10m MicroLmk

THE

up to date them h Wit?) “appem'ng b ack atWhat’s emcee, t}, e

blgger!

when

FOUnd

Manch hoping to fOIlo ester lads the same r0ute to StardOmWas “Other unartq from Liv to USEMcrpool are fanning them in beep touclicqumk to base durin W’thheir 0 Fm? Britain and thgthe‘r,t011rs POp grOUp So algomigem. armed With a WI” be port bat 16 micro acoustic znd mod;i as guitars and we“ drum thS set ms

—

name

“”df"11posza1address of ”fa’get £88

32p 38p 60p

the old equivalent of but far more ings Telegram

30p

availablgdior we mgs occasions as the m°dem birthdays Greet—

381’ 6013

”MW

uHome users Will car 5 bedattrag— ted by the illustrate are that suit; a

phone.

£ 1.30

ileur recipiem

‘

1.25

Message

deli? for guaranteed ?rstepost ver feceWCS the

extra

5 18835

Special occasion cards Directresponse Arepb'paidenvelopei ”C 1uded tW’UU'Our

simple operation £1.25 And the cost? Just or £1.95 words. 350 10 for up

16 cards

14-00

than Oneaddresr.

convenient. There are

£2.95

Telemessages gimme Me [e I sent to more

£5.75 £8.25 £10.75 £13.25 £15-75

(”atgummed)

ro—

£7.00 £835 £1030 £12.55 15

85:11:58 thagklfgpt‘eor new Any e e message storyLmk’ial the micro us er home or busmess from can send aTelemessage one in keyboard his own

-‘ ;

..—_'

Now,

£1.95

D 6 1-weryfollow d?y Upto 350 wordsmg

was the cost 50 words.

;

£23?

151400 Words

E :

one

words 101-150 words

the|ng 10“

__ Emma—m— m:—

e 1

exams?“Warmed) 51-100

years ago telegram was rep

THREE

.—-—

'_:

-—"'" .—._

CHARGES

Names“

S:_

==_—'

turn to

Page 25

FROM PAUL WOAKES AUTHOR OF ENCOUNTER!

(09

YOU CHOOSE, THE TION IN

or é Y’ m

if!“5!

' ~

”w M"

13“

“ “fr

‘

’

I '

‘

'& /w AM

—

Mercenary—a unique combination of ?ight simulation, adventure and arcade fun. You choose the action. There is complete freedom of movementin atruly three-dimensional vector-graphic environment. Graphics of exceptional speed createa very realistic experience. You’ll never play the same game twice. Random elements attempt to seal your fate. Your interaction is crucial.

QA ‘\

£1:an gigsrs‘ freak ‘rwrggc,

xéi

a“

551

MM?

' -

, y

' ,

,. 7

:.,

\\z « \5 ii a t

1:7;

Mercenary presents an absorbing challenge that you will accept again and again.

f“.

—

‘E

.‘

\ "

i _

‘y' 1,

—-

pp],

81,

7“

"Ill/ti he”.

if °°~rple°jsealiifemytvdeoggma In [?x 1. .

, "

Qin ,

‘—

— ,

”we

$53

slic-

ave

‘

Indepe Acceptzn?iq

One

"dent/y!° pills" bavélznalmobue?ie sth"hra3"\me °°°dyosy°0rou

haVetogc?Veaspcwhgzer: > "ides (cape?gouw,,_

.‘

‘

: f;

:;IQ

;

42; ”G

f/QiI'iQ

,.f

[?nial-?g Eli-IE

‘

“ii-?g

”‘“

INITIAL RELEASE FOR COMMODORE 64 ATARI 48K 800XL 130 HE

CASSETTE £9.95

Con. l9"hze,,§"d/;£”1e

lnyourehs°n

‘3

’

"Wages“bteéWa/ galglaé’daSZPa/jZZOi/edi "Gan a'fh.

'°'

M9“ e 6“ u ”femefscomfu’Miigfysfe?fst£135 0a .tl;

v/V

thiwiabovff‘DEP/e p epla {anetethe OM

77,

viz) ;‘s‘

—

gx{xi ’

—

’

‘

DISK £12.95

NOVAGEN SOFTWARE LTD: SALES 142 ALCESTER ROAD BIRMINGHAMB1

———————_—Mailbag .

WM..Atari magazine

in the local

shops. /t has taught my family more than what we thought the computer could do. We bought theAtari8OOXL last Christmas and we were most upset when we saw it on sale the recorder for the With same price. We do "Ot OW" a recorder yet es they are 30 expensive on

the”

Own-

The problem

are facing

at the moment WIth_ the programs ”7 VOW magazine IS that our computer Wit/"Ot take them. We have _a I0t Of effOfS when we f/{NShhthe t e errors WOW-9:7, t at VEt we reprint they ShOW at the end Of the program when we type RUN and press Return. We reprint the lines that and the ShOW as errors computer takes them bUt the program W’” "at

to ro ram W’thout a ta 6 r m .

than a cartridge games machine, as you are limited to what you can enter in one session. Please, if you want to get the most from both the computer and the magazine invest in a tape unit even a

?nd none. One of the errors came up with the N0. 77 which the Atari Basic book says is a

second—hand

Herts. 0 Although

-—

one.

My Logo won

t run

IAM veryp/eased that at last/ have founda magazine for the Atari. lhave been reading it each month and l have tried many are IUCkY programs, but in the August Also “37119” t e program wit out to print if/we e f the issue/cou/dn any errors, like Submarine, it fjn'fyo Logo pmgmmg?i’, will work for a few minutes / primed; MAKE “WR/G— them jam. GLE {FD 30 RT 30 FD 30 LT We have tried ?fe-931779 30 FD 30) and then pressed Return but nothing happens. Return. The only way we can do iris by / got ERROR AKE “WRIGGLE etc. pressing Reset then typing LIST. When we do this it starts What am I doing wrong? ls the list then jams halfway it my 500)“ that is faulty through, so we have to do the Matther Whitperhaps? same thing again. in I Maidstone, Kent. it wil/ not Sometimes .g|t sounds as though you reproduce the list and will not haven't got the Logo cartridge allow you to print anything plugged in. Consequently, the not even move the cursor. Basic interpreter built into When this happens— Which your machine is trying to make we have is most of the time sense of your input. to switch off and start again. it's fainng' of course, We have come to the because it only understands decision that it must be the Basic commands, not Logo. compater. Could you please let me know if it is, as it is still _

—

under guarantee.

Also more

/ would like to see about errors in your

magazine as the book we had with the computer doesn't explain what to do in the way L. we would understand. —

Williams, Penbrey, Dyfed. 0 The fault is either in the computer itself—trytaking itin for service or in your typing —

of POKE statements, etc. We can't imagine life without a disc drive—without even a cassette you have little more

S ynt 8X

puule COULD

you please

syntax error. Couldyou tel/me what a syntax error is? A. —

Leadbetter,

incorrectly.

know if programs printed for theAtariin magazines back in 7983 should be able to be used on a new 800XL Atari which I have just purchased? I tried a couple of them but/ kept getting errors. / checked through the lines but could

can

find

fault with your

magazine, Indeed it is written in a way that is easy to understand, even by me. The sections on Graphics and the piece for Beginners which / sure/y am were both enjoyable and informative. _

some

early commercial software might not run on your 800XL unless you use a translator-type program, we would expect most ma 9 azine listings to work. Certainly all of our listings will work fine on your machine. Asyntax error occurs when you use a Basic command

—

Mark Disley, Dublin, Ireland. 0 An error 13 means th tth machine

has

encounteraed 2

NEXT statement

without

having previously seen a corresponding FOR state— ment. Check line 1170 very carefully.

For example,

enter:

Callmg

cunslss

and press Return. The machine will give you an error message because the

requires

syntax

c|osing

bracket after the number.

A NEXT WIthOllt F0 R '

0 ornwa " BOUGHT the July your magazine and

ISSUE

was so an order

impressed I placed with my newsagent. I also got back issues and 2. Is there anAtari users group in the Truro area? If so where? 1

Also, for my stepbrother also owns an Atari, is there one in the St. Austell

who

AFTER buying your magazine last Saturday, not to mention the Atari 800XL to go with it,/ ?rst read the instructions and then started to key in Frog Jump. After a couple of hours at the keyboard / was fin/Shed, and when / had taken the precaution of putting it on tape I decided that it was time to start enjoying myself,

So let

Letchworth,

Now that / have got rid of the bad part, let me say that!

typed RUN and

pressed Return. All I’ve been able to get since is an “error 73 at line 1200” statement. Now / have checked and

re—checked the program against your listing and it all to be in order. 80 / wonder if you can tell me if it is an error in your/isting

seems

malfunction

computer?

in my

area? When I bought my Atari 800XL in April I had a promise on the Silica Shop order form ofan imediate membership in the Atari Owners club, with bulletins and magazines every now and again. It's now the end ofJu/y and since I got my starter pack 2 I’ve had nothing. Can you help by informing me as to why this is? I’m not the only one my stapbrother has the same —

Michael prob! em. Dunstan, Truro, Cornwall. —

0 We don't

know of any

groups in Cornwall. If there are could any, perhaps someone let us know. The Owner's Club Monitor only appears quarterly. October 1985 ATARI USER

summlt

It’s nice to see your magazine on the market, it fills a need. I have found the first two issues very interesting and the adverts have been most useful.

Of success

software

i knew

. .

«t

“if

l' H

J "

.:“‘;’

if?"

”*

AM / your highest reader? The picture shows me reading your fantastic magazine at 3,7 76

before.

/ t would be great if you devote at least some

could

of H elvel/yn in the Lake District. Do / win a prize?

m,“

add-ans for the Atari as it is such as versatile machine as far as input/output is con—

—

Phillip Abbott, Bradford.

YOU'fe

ho'ding the prize in

cerned.

artofz/ng’?y?

”if

?berz

spate of photos like this, we ought to warn readers that anything less than Everest

féz?gviggltmg?i?éafi?gw/f

affjém’éwfe/e

Wet/MW?”

won’t

rival the BBC Micro for serious uses if only details of the connections

printed! 0

Start Off

as Chester. I am writing to

hex

HAVING bought the last three of your magazine I thought / should put pen to paper to congratulate you on them, At last a decent magazine for/4,3”- owners. / especially liked the disas—

Emir/$5253," As

Round

yet afford the

/ cannot

Assembler/Editor cartridge they both

in very useful. I thought you might be interestedin the modi?cations / have made. It wouldbe useful to be able to enter the start address in hex as well as denary, which is what the modification listing does. These modifications allow the user to input a hex start address simply by pref/bring it

with

130

‘!

"mi levin Edwdsw764,255:? “m"

1“ turn mm mans m:- m

Lin-mm“

"m' u mm

c I 00 k

25" If “(mun-r-

15” “mm

?x(m£::z;iz;m'

255. IF

“ammo-a"

rus- mo

if“

'="1‘“5°""‘5“"L”"‘5“'"“"

1.A(m(m,'_,, n}. m 155 IF star“ on srnrnssss turn m us m u mm ms u»: at

iffeéi'fzm?ziei'f:3: lil

33.5224?"

56 ATAR/ USER

October 7985

screen

Peter

—

2500 570.721:GOTII 165mm LEM. In: 1.

Eltnc. um“

HA VE programmed the enclosed example listing into my computer and saved it 0" to cassette. /

User G'OUP can be contacted 0/0 MT Teaterr 19 Graffington Cres— cent, L25 QRULiverpool There '5 also a Merseysrde

um“

"E" m

It worked wonderful/y, till suddent/y a. yellow screen

appeared,

WW]

a White line

R0pgfsvcil‘irra?thingZ/thgfg?ifes Blsrniggocmsre 0 an '

message

“

screen,

havslwntten

a??? 18:23, 3532359 éeieafhee order form on Page 61'

appeared Error 747

0" 0"

the ”?e

93lohave tried various

ways to to run P33? .

57.5"

the program

”"9 930. Bl” / -

YOU

The rlght connect'ons

Er ror

Mersey5|de L49 ZRH' Many. people

defeated.

therefore let

what it

me.

Could

know

ls the ”76lsg-gggpmg program a 2/77} / suspect that one incorrect ~

OWN anAtari 800 and need the following information details Of the right cartridge socket connections and details of the cassette socket connections. / wonder if you, or any of your readers can help? / have tried writing to Atari but despite enclosing a SAE received no reply. I

—

“(LLLH

mnmtsunuu

Yellow per“

bad listings. Hawng listings on cassette

>-r-~ '

work'thlrough typing errors or

disc drive.

copy of

failed to

have

2520 run 0:1 to Len-mm

is ?r?z‘gz?itzw?'; 5m“

1510

typing

spent many listings which

Bafl'Yr Brrkenhead. . The Liverpool Ata”

exceeding 9,900,000 when the score returns to zero and stays at Level 99. The game lasted for two days whereupon / finished with numerous men. / would also like to know if there are any user groups in the Merseyside area or as far

"$".

listings

ever be available on cassette as well as disc. lhave hours ”7

not own

HAVING read your article concerning a Defender scorel would like to submit my score for the game. lhave clocked the score by

1“ ’ ""r

if"?!

th 9

come

One last modi?cation is to add “,NUM$(6l" to the D/Mension statement in line 50.

W'”

need to get

You

cost of about £17. They give all details of I/O ports and full circuit diagrams plus software details and the full operating system listing.

milggsge?fgt?gilztmgfzz

and

thew/y

mag az/ne

published

—

issues

Fa"mum.

tze t 9 4827238? mm fuser?mg an, a IO;

enquire whether your offer on your

were available as

2299’s. ea mg,Sam’s” or s.

One last thing. / need to be able to detect when the Break key has been pressed in 3 program I m working on. Have 0” hOW/ YOU any suggestions achieve this? Geoff ca." Bliss, Chelrnsford, F353?“ 0 See Andre Willeys article of on Page _28 the August for information on dIS— issue ablmg the Break key.

and

available but where to go

knew

never ?

hardware

were

statement has been put in. All my efforts proved one thing — that it is the last part of the line which is stopping the program from running further.

F.J. Windle, Dukin?eld, Cheshire. 0 At least two of the example lines you included with your letter had a "+" in place of a —

which obviously affects the program's operation.

Once you've corrected

Mailbag these errors that you've intro— duced the program should work fine.

program also. —Sean

Morais, Canvey Island, Essex.

‘

MOi'bo 9

The future of 1

6k games?

OWN

600)“

Mt” _

76k

such a program_

Also / would like to point out that l have noticed at the bottom

lncrdentally, Drop Zone

only requires a 48k machine US Go” labelled the tape insert i"CO”GC?V—

magazine has been produced solely for theAtaricomputer_

others which,

although fuiiy explained, carry one Atari listing at most. However, upon reviewing the August issue / am very distresged to find the listings providedbyyourselves to be of bad quality, for example, Fruiti Gambler. Having tried to input the listing / came across many obstacles which, with regret, I could not overcome. The main problem is that the graphic symbols used could not be found I own an

Atari 800XL. be very gratefu/ if at the top of could explain you your listings the method for obtaining such symbols as it would make iife much simpler

l'wou/d

ation of debugging the pro— grams caused by incorrect interpretation and decypher— ing of the graphic symbols which "is so time—consuming and unnecessary if explained M. Stinger. proper/y. —

callsmg prob l ems .

contributors to

use the appro— priate CHR$_ We hope to be printing a complete list of how to obtain these characters. In the meantime, try experimenting with ESC CONTROL (letter) combinations.

Because of the way Atari Basic is tokenised, itis actual/y possible to use PRINTER$ asa variable, even though it does contain a keyword, simply by putting LET in frant of it. 10 LET _

My 800XL does not appear to have these. use something

article

can!

else instead?

—

DA. Cardy, Exeter. 0 Your 800XL does have these characters. It’s just that the lousy "manual" supplied with the machine doesn't mention them. The arrows are obtained keys but using the cursor entering ESCfirst, so to get 4! you type ESC CONTROL = Press and release ESC them press = while holding down the CONTROL key. The special characters are often the cause of problems, which is why we prefer

15 LET PRINT:

10:91am PRINT °"’y "We" whtfe ”is The. I seem to work Is NOT. LET NOTE: 1°:PRlNT NOTE and see what happens. —Jack SChOfield. SUttOH, Surrey0 Thanks for setting the record straight,Jack. However we thought LET had gone the eleway of antimacassars, phant's foot umbrella stands 3“ the 2X8“ 20

result _’"

Tony.

Dwyers

yourJune issue,

not

only "W I purchase from you W32000 modem W’th ?fe Viewterm but / am software,

symbols.

Should lhave them

125.3"

camp AS_

pR|NTER$=

"EPSON" val/ dA tar lBaSlC line. So Ls"

isa

computer

at ”79 "0th w 1c Z [trainee am enjoying

.’ HAVE just received the August issue ofA tari User and was copying out Fruiti Gambler when / got to line 270 and noticed some arrow

PRINTER$="EPSON"

as an example.

peép757,7£’fny’fe’7f129395755

a dedicated Atari user, I was very pleased to see that a

some

listing

unlike

of each

advertisement to encourage people to purchase the whole magazine on disc.

Rule sephisrficaltleg, e cram less ey it's games YOU want, our advice W°U|d be to upgrade tQ a machine. bigger

Atari User Em“ "W“ 68 Chester Road

for the person trying to input

it gets

/N your B 39mm” ,5 sec t'“7” Mike Bibby says ”variables shouldn't start with Basic keywords, as they confuse the Atari", and cites:

Christopher Finn, 3079“ hamwood, Harts. . AS get more and

i'miylsi”

gltaze'I‘ oc port GrovseK75NY

—

Mlssulg symhols

keywords

Mailbag Editor

time before / get a memory expansion, Do you think any of the games like Dropzone, Beach Head or Bruce Lee will reduce in memory and come down to 76k? ”70/79 the makers Of these games W/// think 3130“! if-

—

‘h’imwiieh?féetéha?aiff'long

LET there he

WE welcome letters from readers about your experiences using the Atari micros, about tips you would like to ass on to other users and about what you would mg to see in future issues. The address to write to is:

memory. . Usually when / 90 In a shop to get a game 95 per cent of

games

ITEC

im—

meme/y. The first Computer Camp’ was held recently and was a great success all of the children enjoyed themselves very much. I also enjoyed

Latest Bu'letln

—

helping Tony and Mike,

another student, with the teaching of Logo, which went

very well. There was just one problem that I had when / received my modem and software. That was the Viewterm terminal program, which kept receiving and transmitting garbage. You only need to takealook at the ITEC’s Bulletin Board (0268) 522376 to see thatl'mnotthe only one having problems.

However Miracle are apparently working on a new terminal program which will support U/L and D/L an bulletin boards (maybe Xmodem proteco/sPI, and hopefully they wr/limprovethe actual terminal part of the

HAVE

in past issues of seeh that you have magazme your numbers of listed telephone Atari bulletin boards and / wondered whether you would include mine. I

My system ls run on an Atari 800, and the bulletin board is called TimeZone. The telephone number is 0244

677978. it works

on a ring—back system, so youhaveto dialthe number and/et thephone ring twice, then hang up and call again and the BBS will then answer (300 baudl.. The operating times are weekdays 7830—2330 and

weekends 0900-2330. Gaulton, Chester.

—

Paul

October 7985 ATARI USER

—_—————Mailbag _

contain the colour value for that position, for example in GR.8 that could be 0 for blank

Bomb Run for all CONGRATULATIONS on an excellent magazine which, from what we’ve seen so far, promises to

beagreat success. writing about your

Bomb Run game from {heJu/y issue and although / assume

you’ve already had several letters about it / thought /’d drop you a line anyway_

keen/y typed in the

program and ran it on my 48k Atari 800 Where it ran without error.

and when he triedit on his 76k Atari 400 he found that it would not run correctly.

After

careful/y examining

the listing,

made the follow—

ing alterations

which will

enable the program to work on anyAtari model. You’ll probably recognise

the character

redefinition

routine from Dave Russell’s excellent article also in the —

July

issue.

Keep up the good work anyway, and perhaps it might

Why am / writing, you mi ht wonder? Because/then swgappedthis game with my father who had meanwhile been keying in the Disas-

state

semb/er from the same issue,

Liverpool.

be an idea 10 85k people

90“

COULD / have more informa— tion on the Atari 800XL 54k

personal computer pack because / am thinking of buying one?

James

—

Rain—

bow, Powys. .

We suggest YOU 90 to your local dealer and get a fU” demonstration. Alternatively, you could write to Atari for their promotional literature, but it's no substitute for a 'hands-on' test.

which Atari machine theirprograms are written and tested on. Peter Appleton, —

Beware: LOCATE moves your cursor about if you use it on a text screen, and will return the Ascii number of the character at that position. Pole Position should load with Start and Option pressed on power—up. Then press Play on your recorder and Return. If it doesn’t work send the tape back to Atari for replacement.

G R ' eat

calours

smaSh hlt and mlss

THANK you for bringing out a magazine for those of us who

MY brat/“5”

320 IF P(PE men 290 5185 P:PEEK (as; +256*PEEI( (89) :PE:P+499

51”

lnformatm? phase

don’t

find / recent/V

own

Spectrum

Commodore.

I've just started to use and have finally figured ?zz/{?g}?¢za;108roe<c)t)7(rl-d:£aixé also bought ”Atari Smash Hits fiewsctfegstathEOS/g?'rfz 327420 3". However another problem we got home we When has arisen. How do / print text GR.

P'1’2=P“E 9,1

9008 RQHTOPZPEEKUBGWOKE IOGJMHTOP-

’”””ed’afe’y foaded ,

9029 cunnsmnamp-amowzcnnasarzss 9053 POKE noqmtm?zxtsntun 9160 REQD J:POKE ?DDR+8*I,J 9385 POKE 756,CHMS

a game

$1 62292: P2755;21,713: cassette would not load, Later that evenin g we discovered that the keyboard 3/70’ changed the ,

—

2:23:2ng

Putting the record straight THERE are several errors and misconceptions in Bryan Williams’ preview of the Atari ST machines in the May issue of Atari User. The Basic interpreter will not be "a new version ofAtari Basic”, but Digital Research’s Personal Basic, original/y deve/oped for the CP/M—86‘ operating system and supplied to them by Metacomco of

Bristol, with presumably, enhancements for graphics

support, etc. Personal Basic was written in BCPL, and therefore will be easy to port on to the ST. GEM is not an operating

system, or ”a graphics equivalent of CP/M", It sits on top of TOS, which is really nothing more than CP/M—68k, which is CP/M 2.2 for the 8080/280, rewritten in C for the M068000, so that it is 58 ATAR/ USER

October 7985

several times the srze and/sn t any faster. TOS isn't multitasking, and won’t be for at least a year or so, when DR hope to produce a version of Concurrent CP/M for the MC68000. A very serious omission on the STis the apparent lack of a bus expansion connector, which means that there will be very little, if any, third party hardware add-ans produced for it, although it might be possible to use the hard disc interface port for this purpose. Actual/y, / think the ST is a very attractive machine, and while too expensive for most home users in this countryand Europe, will probably sell well to this market in the States where the average disposable income is much higher. LP. _

—

Heller, Newport

Bucks.

Pagnell,

,. worked perfectly except Pole Position. We fol/owed instruct io n 5 very c a refu ?y but it would still not load All our other games load so cou/dyoup/ease enlighten us? lam also a keen if not very goodprogrammerand/ like to write very basic games. However the number of games / can write is limited as lhave not been able to finda command or routine that will allow me to check a certain screen position to see if there is anything there. Because of this / can only have one space invader on the screen at a time Matthew Gillie Dulwich. London . To’find the contents hf a _

location on the screen ' use'

LOCATE X,Y,A where X,Y is the position on the screen you want to check, and A is a variable.

After

execution,

will

on to the screen at the same time, as GRJ 7 doesn’t, as far have a text Window.

aS/kIlOW Usrng

GR.77/found/could

75 colours in your Etcha—sketch program. You can this by adding and do use

its.” —

120 GRAPHICS 11 130 X=40:Y=80 240 IF STRIG(0)=0 THEN C=C+1 245 IF PEEKl53279l=6 THEN GR.11 285 COLOR C To clear

Start

the screen press

and to change the colours press the fire button. Also do you think you could do a Top 70 of A tari software, as I would like to know the most popular software for my computer. Keep up the good work.

—

Alan Mulford. Torquay, Devon. 0 No, there isn't a text window with the GTlA modes. The only way to get normal text is by using a "DLl" (Display Listlnterrupt) routine written in machine code. Mike Rowe’s series should give you some ideas in this direction.

P-F- SOFTWARE

BUSINESS

SERIOUS

AWAY

AND

BE OPERATING FOR AN

WILL

£sz

aniIiiIIgIINR.VIIaIliIILIIEITiIrINiIoAIINIIIsIIEIiIIllIéIEIII

senwcs.

FASTER

se.E s .GCC,J k, Acorn.AprlcmAtarLAmstrad,Brother.Cannon,Commodore?umana.Eme Mannesman SorryiIvverrIiIlIsIIsedyupu.og|ncIalr.IIISiIIldlsk, Opus, Tally, Mitsubishi, 225, IIIIIthIII?IIhSII'IIIII IC. IIUmIJSakzldal,er

I I

SPECIAL SUMMER PR 0 M ° T '°

£225:

A810

TAXANKA EPSUN/Lxgn

PRI

iIIII$532.33

NLONPIIRIIINTEIIITIII

55233

I I MQBE I .......£28.00¢VAT:£29.90 £249.00 M/?mgn M an ?rnStrfsazchgi‘_2(856()G}£e§n £652 00 rive tand 226: At+thA)x10Fr?§D|s<éSs§M<I3reeSon/Mouse/GEMEIC) . ari onitor PHONE Fun DETAIILg Disc Drives an Siged rivesm3,3”Dggublsei OI'II or ?gngggg¥ggmgatible ' I £5500 evmfnus

L 2333555122?Efgomggér??12"20MHz ATARiszoanIAnn DISC/PFIIIIIIVITIIIR STAND + iMB omvss + szoST Nomm? FUJI3.5 DISCSSSIZISTPI—BOXSOFTEN R

SPEDIIIEI’IIIgaAGVEAIIEAIIIII?EII COLOUR MONITOR ADAPTER+

?g:ifé’SoT/?i’?'kéiédfead£388

ea IIIII 0° ICI’OVIeCnséeéufaa;::1:1:::z::::::::::1::::::::::::::::::::::::::nozoo ?ng/ggeogggém?ergusgn 80 I'I

soét‘garngf ea Ime Quay/(awn 0c etc. AtirérSG2BST iscan

358 3833153

Products including

05531333

Inegggggg

mpaIeIEI?ggg

BLACKJACK (16K) QLSIQtAVA'clj-GBLE ea IS IC car_ isplay PICTURE PUZZLE (32K) Two pictures to choosefrom

52400K40/80T DSDD(Acorn Compatible) 5 800K40/80TDuaI(AcornCompatible)...........................................£220.00 CannoniOSQANLO £26000 tari 20 T o t'bl $548???D?'Sy1“é’§?%c‘rs§Nib“A"""5"'"s:"'<';'""""""""“""""""""£295“ rin er SakataSCPSOO FourCoIour PrirIter/Plotter

£1.95 £2 95 £2.95

PICIII U R ETORMENT(16K)Veryd|ff|cult FRUIT SALAD- (16K) COIOUIIIIIII veIISIon I

ofmastermind

£30500

£2.95

FRUIT PICKIN (16K) Arcadeaction (order bOIh FRUIT SALAD & FRUIT PICKIN fOI’OIIIIy

£295

$3.88 .

brandnamesePleaseringtncon?lmlatettprices— I

h ellpriol?exfude on wm us NncarriaglelxiiFIAT.Weca;rymoslleadi|-g gala e. ”ices, plus details at the nmIIeIrIIgeIIISiLILsIIIxI:I¢I1IfIfIIeII,"coI|I1:IarI;II:QEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIVIIIIIIIIISIIIIQIIIIIIIIGIIISIIIIIIIII

K.E.C.M.

14 KIRKSTALI. AVENUE LI'ITLEBORUUGH LANCS, 0L15 9JA

single programs please add £0.50)

£4.50)

P.F. SOFTWARE (Dept AU)

Cheques 8' P'D's t“: (Overseas orders fl"

mscoumenoupi WESTWOOD LANE, WELLING, KENT DA16 2HE Telephone: 01-301 3745 (10am-10pm) CALLERS BY PRIOR APPOINTMENT 0va (COMPUTER

PHONEFOHDETAILS

BBC Model‘B Pius‘iNewMB'd‘éi')‘625kU‘sjér'ié'AM'"IEHHEE'H'S'F'STZ??

EIaIsyI'AVhe'etI r o IIIOI ER??$§%%'E’J§%I%28 00 Microvitec RGB MonitorsfroIIn

COLOURS CAN BE E AT NCE glgE’IliigDIDFFEROENT INTERRUPT DRIVEN CURSOR 4 BRUSH SIZES 3 BRUSH SPEEDS AIR BRUSH MODE PLOT AVAILABLE ON CASSETTE EOIII DRAWIIIO ALI- ATARI 8 BIT COMPUTERS FILL ONLY £3 50 DRAW BOX (PreVIOUSpurchasers Of Art AIarI can Upgrade to DRAW CIRCLE SMART ART for onIy £100) PICTURE SAVE LOAD P'CTURE SEPARATE PROGRAM TO DISPLAY PICTURE DEMO PICTURE I

—

(

esvuisfmewefimiSassmafsi'sgsamfm“ oun we sooN

Cannock Road, Chadsmoor, Cannock, Staffs. W911 2DD Tel: (05435) 3577

221

.(c)7.95

BountyBob

SmpPuker SlripPokei GhostChaser

(dimes

Mine'2049

H'tPhh'kEIs

,..,.,.............(dnoos

GhostChasev

Snowball REdMUO"

.........

(“2495 Zork1,2,3 (di2995

c .95 m......(()clia.95

(07-95

PU'EPUSW"

Widnggg

~~~-NHU~95

0.01322

(mos

,....,........(d)IU.95

(ci9.95

n e agle FI5St'kIIEIIgII P

...(d)iU.95

c {eggs .a

IIIIIIS; ............,....,......Id)18.95 ~

ExodusIUIlimaB)

gxgsgumalnnzerj. -

“$133.32 ..,.......ld)l4.95 E

Hitsi,2,3

Smash

ggllggz?zgngzz

(was:

((rl))I|1§.%%

IELLaIIZ IIInyIIIrIiIIII Hcan'III at

3235653355?“

(cii?as ..(d)12,95

Mk a:

HII MarldHatMack MIIIII

(ei9.95

...,_.,,...................(unzsg (Cm-9d »

0:50am;

"”“""I(IEI)€'_%IEI—,

rmnzss anegngnemm-m Re?L’?fmnEdE:

“

’

”a” ”

(EiusmicBaIanceZ les FiIeIIdoIFNe Fortress .

ReforgerBB T' S

“Ragga?

$3,555.73? Dungeunidvemm .......Iiii,??iii'?'f

meter,

I,”

”I

“

F|iqhiS|m2

.......,(d)39.95 IEI5.50 I7.95

giernationalkarate.” hops e

(de095

(

3109538;

TranSparent to 3"

S/W

.(dI54.95

.......(d)28.95 VII/gaerIisnIIIgsnsIlIcIi/v humour SixGun

no dIIIveII programme necessary '

conneCt dIreCt to 6.00 or 800/XL or 130 XE

—

or to dISC drIVe If fltted —

____‘___(d)I1Ig_95

RescueonFractaIus

........(d)12.95

(mas

madman

(d)10.95

SuperZaxxon

(c]7.95

$2,152“?_::::':::::___:::::::i iii... ”85933 ....,.................(d)i[].95 Tapper

“MM“ZU‘”

III/II

0028.95

Biume‘i’ia'ffoméi

533035;

‘j:::ii:,:...:::i3i§§i§§ ...........(dI39.95

Svaumer

a! II

IrIIIIIsIIiI/IEIIIIIII..QIIZIT]

RescueunFraclaIus

ngcenaz

(di7895_

.....,,,..............,(d)39.9:s muses .(dI28.95 ....,..(d)28.95 ,.,.,...(d)28.95

CompoterAmhush

‘

j,::_:::‘ 1545533? ...,.....(d)28.95 .......,(dn4.95

‘11:

BanleoIShlloh CombatLeadev BrnadSides..

(EIIIIIggEII

ChuckieEgg

‘ ~-

BiggIIIIII:

I ‘

...,,..............,.(d)27.95 ,....(d)28.95

Maria?"

33TH“

(dl2195

MaskoIiheSun

L4; ”

......id)34.95 ......(d)34.95 ....(ni34.95

WishBrinuer CulThroats

”I”

I???”

F15IIStrik

IEIIIiIhIIanter....,,,.....,

“nuimiioes

SquFI-ghi

SIIICIIIILI'O"

I 5

IPIanelIaII.

MEI“??? (mugs SquFIight

(“635 W295

------»

______.“’i’3i‘7’13§ ~~~~~--~~~----W035

phoneforthelatestreleases.Access orVisa cardsweleome. in FREE Add £1.00 per item for overseas orders. Post and Package is Phenefor new ranged Music Compactdiscs Please

SYSTEMS LIMITED THE LODGE MOORLANDS ROAD

MERRIOTI' SOMERSET TA155NF TEL: CREWKERNE (0460) 73442 PRESTEL MAILBOX 046073442

—. fifé?l‘?zi‘é‘l?

I P

A -lS=-Wm

DEALER ENQUIRIES MOST WELCOME October 7985 ATARI USER

5.9

[REE '.

— .r

are

’

Here s a really offer unbeatable i or a 11 A tan users.

as.

for 01/0330

1«SW!!!

This top-qualityT-shirt, woven in an attractive shade of grey with the Atari logo in red, is a genuine American ‘Fruit of the Loom’ product, made from

pf 7

5096 cotton/5096 polyester.

Worth £4.25, it will be sent FREE with every new subscription ordered on the form on the right!

I ,

?fee‘f

1,7

,:,

51,53“

—

‘e

V ,

Keying

g fl

f; f.“

The combination of colour, sound and animation makes this early learning game a winner with the children. Sounds Interesting: Drive your neighbours potty with these ready-made sounds. Hexer: Enter, display and run machine code programs with this hexadecimal loader. Attack Squash:Atast-action game to keep you on your toes. Reaction Timer: See how fast your reactions really are. Binary: Convert denary numbers to binary notation. JUNE: Frog Jump: Guide t e road and river to hi ver' arcade classic. 1 e '

extra‘64k

‘

Qt owg

°f_,m€

e re drawmg routines to pr Submarine: Scuttle submarines. Etchathe Sketch: Draw pretty pictures with only a joystick. '

® l

’,

0 \

60 ATARI USER

Q /'\'-\

Random Numbers: Get random numbers from machine code. Filthy Fifteen: Can you keep the Filthy Fifteen happy in their cells?

JULY: Bomb Run: Flatten the deserted city and land safely. Disassembler: Find out what’s going on deep inside your Atari. Treasure Hunt: Use logical thinking to find the treasure. Password Generator. Keep generating passwords till you find one you like. Keyboard: Convert your micro into an organ. Quasimodo: Can you sort out the mess of ropes in the belfry?

AUGUST: Assembler: Make machine programming easier. Fruiti Gambler:

code Save

money with this fruit machine simulation. Mandala: Complex patterns made easy. Protection: Protect your programs from prying eyes. Display List: Demonstration programs. Raider

36"-38"

:38"-40"

chore?

£3.95

£5 95

1997: Futuristic text adventure. Touch Tablet: Demonstration programs. SEPTEMBER: Maze Munch: Help Horace the Blob munch the maze monsters’ morsels. Data Maker: Convert your machine code routines to DATA statements. Display List: Demonstration programs. Screen Dumps: Dump your Mode 8 screens to a 1029 printer. Bricks: Solve the Bricks problem.

OCTOBER: Pontoon: Twist? Bust! Memory Dump: Examine memory in hex and Ascii. Display List: Demonstration programs. Wrap Trap: Action game for one or two players. Computer Canvas: Make your own micro masterpiece. Assembler Update: Improvements forthe RAW assembler. Ram Disc: Make the most of the 130XE‘5 extra memory.

Allows you to cut out a correctly positioned notch which will enable you to use BOTH sides of the disc—and HALVE

08a i

L:rge

sizes." —34 -36

Double the capacity of your discs with this money-saving offer!

‘\

much

too

Then give your ?ngers a rest by sending for our monthly disc, or cassette containing all the programs from each issue of Atari User. See orderform opposite. MAY: Alphabet Train:

Small M d'rum

long programs

Made m three

The T-shirts are also on sale at £4.25. Please order on our Of?cial order form

October 1985

DEDB

made toacompact design, it has your-costs. Extremelywell a unique posrtion gutde to assure pin-point accuracy!

. Free disc

5 with

22)? gggffh

Yr.

“35”

issues

w'u‘es

we.

, .

\m‘*vf yi? \\§§;2% Agkeff £3“;ng

ZZZ

ORDER FORM.

All prices include postage. packing and VAT, Valid to October 31. Overseas orders despatched by Air mail

(WW-h,

UA‘N’ p~ew

“?“

?§g§$§ :

“a”’,%""”

”MM; 1:53

"21.5.5"

gain“ (5

“was“

ifj

«a,

he% egg: "

,, ,

I Monthly Cassette/Disc '

Hexer utility, Software reviews, Sounds, the 6502, Microscope, Atari Insights regular series of tutorials: Bit Wise, Beginners and Graphics. —

June issue:

tutonals: Bit Wise, Beginners and Graphics. .

AUBUSt issue: In-depth “3151515 of the 520512 program protection

routines,

Fruiti

Assembler, grams, ?rst 1997, Dos Display List

Touch Tablet pro-

In—depth analysis of

turing, Random numbers, reviews,

Frog Jump,

Sounds, Atari Microscope, regular series of lnstghts tutorials: Bit Wise, Beginners and Graphics, special 12 page feature on Communications.

. issue: Disassembler, Bomb Run, DOS 2.5, 17 Commandments, Adventun'ng, Display List Tutorial, Software reviews, Power Functions, Treasure Hunt; Key—

July

Protect your 130XEWith our _

luxury dust cover made of soft, pliable, clear and water-resistant vinyl, bound With strong cotton With the and decorated magazine 5 1090-

MX/

Gambler, .

Only £3.95 _

7005

July

7007

Aug

7008 7009

Med,“ Large

7047 7048 7099 _—

(130XE o nl y )

£32;

U?r

7031

7029

[____|

Overseas Air mail£6.95

£595 Europe _____—————-

D 15k DOUb’er

free DOS 2-5

£995 (UK 8‘ Overseas)

o e e 232502??'lzjagg September: specra on

screen dump routine, Maze Munch, Data Maker, Display List

Tutorial, 68000 addressing modes, list processing with Logo, Software reviews, Insights regular series of tutorials: Bit Wise, Beginners and Graphics. -

7054

£995 UKand Overseas met 0 (r) P_-_-l_'d'_Tl-/___—_ aymem'pease'“ ‘Cale

TOTAL =

Access/Mastercard/Eurocard

l t

7051

STcomPanlon300k

l:l

HOW to keeE Your

Barclaycar d Msa

;_|_]_.l__l

|_J_-I—rl

L—hl—J

I_L_‘—l

Credit card expiry date

Cheque/PO made payable to Database Publications Ltd.

Name

Bound in chocolate brown pvc and bearing the Atari User logo, this handsome binder will hold a year's supply of the magazines firmly secured in place with metal rods.

Address

___—________

_________—————

Signed ____—____—__——

_/.

(No stamp needed if posted in UK)

—

Send to: Atari User, FREEPOST. Europa House, 68 Chester Road, Hazel Grove, Stockport SK7 5NY.

I Only £3.95 (UK)

£495 Europe and Overseas

7033

I E-d————'—_

Disc

BESSKCOUC'.

—

701 7 7018 7019 7020 7021 7022

Small

5/ M/ L

TOTAL—

T-Shirt

May

including software and Atari interface

£4.25 UK £525 Europe £5.75 Overseas Air mail ¢

look at Logo, Raider 2.5 upgrade offer, Tutorial, Microscope, Software reviews, Insights regular series of tutorials: Bit Wise, Beginners and Graphics.

_——__ Miracle Modem

Tape

May June July August September October 7122

£195 UK £205 Overseas (Air ma“)

the 130XE, Submarine, AdvenSoftware

0 ar lMicros_cope% boaritSouads, series ?gu “513 —

Sept

Cassette £3.95 UK £4.95 Europe/Overseas Disc £5.95 UK £6.95 Europe/Overseas

)

7001 7003 7004

circle size required issue

machines, Attack Squash, Adventuring, Alphabet Train,

—

Commence with

£1.75 Europe £2.25 Overseas Air mail

Jack : M ay Profiletglf 9 new 0 T ram ilslsue 2 prewew

EIRE £12 (sterling only) Europe 215 Overseas (Air mail) E30 Free T-shirt

I Back issues

,.,

%. ”W

SUbSC?ptlon

.;:-_~'

"gr

?g“ W ..

,.,._._,:',

I Annual

«fig?rx*m*mw

Please enter your requirements by ticking boxes

?sh

1 ,

—

Please allow 28_

Orders by phone: 061-480 0171 by Prestel: Key *89 Mailbox No. 614568383 by Telecom Gold: Mailbox No. 72:MAGOOl

—

days

for delivery

?or;:({org)etrt;e d" t grid nirlfb‘er an d! full address. AT10

—

October 7985 ATARI USER

ADVE R

ATARIONLY*MAILORDERONLY RAM DOS XL

DOS 2.5 Having

trouble

Send Blank by

it7

getting

disk

return

50p In Stamps. Will

Now brought Belore only available on 130XE We are always first to you by STOCKSOFT With new ideas Load 005 only once Recall at press. £10 on disk POST FREE 7

post back

DISK UTILITIESPAC N0.

Gives power wrthout the price 4 disks packed W1!“ our 50 W005 II" less “I'IY ut true.mg“ omes than 50p prop amazing £25

Atari Chips

DISK CRUSHER

’

Disassembles

—

£10 0"

two

packaged FREE

double

sided disks

at £25

Lists

POST

and

printer

RAM

long reload

£10

working

prog

POST FREE

ol our other

unusual

tassel"?

rows oeuveov

utilities Sen“

also game packs wrth ‘0

lor only £2 each,

games

We 5“

STOCKSOFT 15 Woodbrooke Road, Birmingham 830

Kuma

Miles Better Software Miracle Technology

59 14

English Software F.C.C. Systems Homeview Video

POST FREE

£5

K.E.C.M.

Emap typing

52 14 18 14 59 62 59

54 59 62 63

Novagen PF, Software G. Paul

Datastar

—

"m "m9

wow details

when

time

2 & 3

Compumart Computer Support

FREE

900 baud rate instead of 500 baud rate Saves for 400,

1332721211???“

For

to screen

disk

BOOSTE? ROOh ls a cassette ouster t at written

you to play games XL

Dispk versron

STER

XL FIXER W1” allow

POST

N D EX

—

Free serVice

ISE “8

Silica Shop Silicon Chip Ltd SOftwa re EXpress

34 10, 24 62 62

STOCKSOTL

Sunaro Software System 3 Software S. Terrell

62 49 49 31

WOOttOl’I Computers York Computer Centre Zoomsoft

SUNARO software **

STAR ** **CH°ICE**

eounrv one

Cassettes MIGALLEYACE CHUCKIE EGG AIRWOLF

40k 40k 48k

fifIAFCLkGHTW

221: 48k 18k 32k

STRIKES BACK

STRIP POKER

Disks WARIN RUSSIA KAMF‘FGHUPPE CARRIER

850 95 50

5 8

75.00 57.50

2128

“1335 COLDLIRSPACE RIVER RAID BOULDERDASH OROPZONE SMASH HITS

ourorv our KISSIN KDUSINS M U LE

13 25

850

48k each 32k

ARCHON

233 550 aso 12 75

64kcassetre 84k cassette

SFXMGIJSlllSSJILl?gTUOI‘

37'50

utvsscs DARK CRvSrAL

25.95 25 95

MISSION

ASTEROID

NATO COMMANDER DROPZUNE

1095

48k 48k

95 so

HIVJACK

1558

oncorvONE

1095

48k

SPAReroS

3750

48k

HOMEWORD lW

Procl

8 8

Disks MR ROBOT

1295

GHOSTBUSTERS BEACH HEAD

12 75 12.75

gg?fgms“

{£52

AHCHON HARD HAT MACK FVISSTRIKEEAGLE

1095 1275

1275

ROM MWER 20499, OUEST FOR TIRES H

8 75 13 25

can

pm,“

49 95

ATA R I

** STAR ** **CHOICE*'

so 50

D ”AL

0 PE RATI N G SYSTEM

You could have a dual operating system With the flick of a swrtch. This will allow you to run all known software written for the 400 and 800 computers or your XL. '

DECATHLON

It consrsts of a small socket board which computer. N0 soldering required. y

srmply plugs into

Price £29.95

1695 1595

6 0 0/8 0 0X L

15 95

Mail Order to:

New

titles always available on release Prices include postage and VAT

G. PAUL Close, Hilltop, West Bromwich, West Midlands B71 2PY

‘

3 Francrs Ward

SUNARO SOFTWARE (CA) PO Box 78 Macclesfreld, Cheshire SK10 3PF .

PLUG THIS INTO YOUR JOYSTICK A‘ P0 RT AN D c 0 NT“ 0 I- TH E R EAL W0 R LD WITH YO U R ATARI WWW,

W (7

“’

This small but powerful unit puts 4 mains rated isolated relays at your command. Just plug it in and let your Atari do more than just play games_

m3 DUTDur ;}.E“>.5;:‘:jj;rg\rh

[TDPFDRE EI‘I'I'I'I'I'I'

li;1‘~*‘"““v’“~-l

”MW

”73

Mei} £19.99

P&P

and

—_'

VAT

plug in the supplied 48K RAM minimum

cartridge required.

Simulator specrly

board and load the or

tape

disc version.

400/000 version

£15.00, 000/800)“ version £25.00 130XE/universal lworks on all models) £30.00

FAST LOADER the loading time of almost faster). Fast Loader

RedUce

luv

all of your singlermultcstage £5.01].

to 49%

tapes

them at

re-recording

faster data rate

CENTRONICSPRINTERINTERFACE similar

Operation

tothe

850 buthasabuiltin characterhullertolreeyourcomputerforother 1K buffer version £59.00 7K buffer version £59.00

work,

Programs both 27645 and 271285. Supplied with full instructions and tape ordisc software to perform all usual prom programmer functions. Make your own cartridges using the blank cartridge hoards With sockets for or 2 27843. 1

From Prices

are

fully

inclusive,

£60.00 programmer Blank cartridge

U.V. Eraser boards £8.50

no more to pay, The computers except where postage outside the UK.

details,

Add

10”/u

lor airmail

£30.00

above

are suitable for any of the products noted. Send S.A.E. for latest catalogue and further

400/500XL/800/800XU130XE

UNIT EC SOLWAY ROAD CLAY FLATTS INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, WORKINGTUN, CUMBRIA CA14 3AY. Tel; [1900 67436

DEALER ENQUIRIES MUST WELCOME

your cartridges to disc or tape. Simply copy as you would any other program.

tapeidisc

PROM PROGRAMMER

.|‘|'|'|.|'I'Il f

CARTRIDGE TRANSFER SYSTEM Transler

S.TERRELL 17 COCK Close Road, Yaxley, Peterborough PE7 3HJ These

prochts

are

not intended for and should not

used for rnlrIngemenl

of copyright.

’

191 w

ATARI SPECIALISTS

WE BUY, SELL, PART EXCHANGE ALLTYPES COMPUTER EQUIPMENT

Drop Zone Colossus Chess Ouasimodo Fl 5 Strike Eagle Blue Max 2001

or=

THE SOUTH COAS TI!

XL, XE, ST RANGE ALL IN STOCK

BULLETIN BOARD WORTHING (0903) 42013 300 BAUD, RING BACK, 24 HOURS

CHIPS COMPUTER CENTRE 53 RUGBY ROAD WORTHING, SUSSEX BN11 SNB Tel: (0903) 40509 (24 HOURS) 62 ATAR/ USER

October 7985

ATARI

£9.50

£13.95

£9.50

£12.50

Space Orelbs,

£950 £1450" 50. £14 50' £9.50, £14.50: gage

ers

Visicalc

at...

130XE

BDIIXL

Plus Miner

£14

E?lilf'if'” u

400,800.SOOXL.

Disk

Cass

TH E BEST PRICES ON

or aare pea area Acreage.

Oils Well,

2049er.

Pitfall Decathlon, Shuttle, Tennis. B.C.'s Quest for Tires. Bruce Lee, Pole Position, Fort Apocalypse. Solo Flight, Boulder Dash. etc. ' = Coming soon 11,

48K Min Mem

£45.00

mm m,“ mm

51223 “4550

raucnramer

£14.50 ' '

800XL& Cass Starter Pack BOOXLBi Disk/D Starter Pack

Conan M1 “0130!

MA N/A £9.50 £9.50 £9 50

34100 ounty B o 115 trikes Back Hard Hat Mack The GTAmerican

Road

NIA £3 5“

Race

“W’s“el

I_"’fg

£14.50 £14.5o

“A

130XE 52031

PHONE 7

DAYS

£48

Dsk/D I

ORDERS

£245.00

are t rPack SENT

A WEEK

Call for Best Prices CREDIT CARD HOT LINE 01-691 0207

£290 00 Phone

SAME

DAY

hr. ANSWER

CAL LE Ft SWELCOMEACCESSB‘V'SA RING HOMEVIEW NOW 321 BROCKLEY RD, BROCKLEY. LONDON SE4 202 .

£125.00

OPEN SERVICE

753

—

zigzatduz. ,

‘

.. a

so.

«, Fierce..— gees“?

:r<»::='—

: "fl

fie

“Mg“; fMM-w?‘wéeau

‘

Eé?s

:{r

;

‘mkihi'Tf-‘ss

Egg

~ .

T1421

‘

133m

i‘

r”

‘~

”1“? m?w?‘ ‘u r,“

~~3f'-‘D.T“t!i[§;_\j $535?” if???

v‘

cj‘:t'::.i:ti:~.

7—31;

Mm‘* _

—.

3551;

e.’

<1’:5f‘-;t—

ex:

.:.:‘::::" 44. cu. Q. oi “at ?wip'?r: a

r—

. ~

we:

511.

Té?ze; «a; re»;

hfi—‘aegs—gésx

fag?"

.;.,_V

‘

2“er ~e

~’<

275?ea? {5:—

f—

?fties; 1,3;

riff—1,7, cigar

‘ m.«i

i“

is‘

.‘

~~i

»~/

' '

POWERWITHOUT THE Pn'cE

< 7

gig

lg???

..,

;—

“age

7:13)???

>~:

i 7

> :

THE NEW ATARI 52OST MEMORY

inn-a)

Display-Lunaaetmien-wcolumra

awwwm

memos““W“ “PM?" "R"

“Wm

Bidirectional cahtrohlm

Dim £525: m

Mnbat'ac, ”523

mom

w?zgii:gzzlgghfmhmd?fni “mm mm

“Mow,"

Gm‘u‘mm'°'u'?f“cnm”"&"nm“°“mu?"n

lWMMmMp-wn?lm “m3, Md.“ Mum .

50m,"

m,-

DISK DRIVE mklunlormattadls/aided are" n oppyd/drive 349K I'm-?ed) stones cap-city

AD.“

My!

rm new.“

animate-normalise

mmedntrdr

MONITOR

mm Gimmgmutz3233312322!“ mm“"I?"H ..

" '

I.)

ATARI "E

HOTLlNE

N7I‘-"""I

USER FRIENDLY GEM OPERAT'NGSYSTEM

Key”

(16

“2“ M"

m um-

W“ msw

* 512K RAM * MOUSE * GEM

m L—‘L’L‘i

routed to."

including VAT

FUTUREEXPANSION

suica Shop Prlce: £651.30+ £97.70 var

mam

The Atari SZOST comes supplied with seven lree software packages as listed below: 1) TOS -Tramiei Operating System based on CPM 68K. 2) GEM Graphics Environment Manager by Digital Research lDR) giving a WIMP (Window. Icon. Mouse, Pull down masterpieces. 4) DH GEM menu) environment. 3) DR GEM Paint tor creating graphics Write ler word processing. 5) Logo learning language to enable you to write your own programs easily using turtle graphics. 6) DR Personal Basic a powerlui user lriendly version ol the Basic programming language. 7) aos operating system giving you access to dozens ol business applications packages already available on the market. in mind, the ST also leatures a host at different Designed with luture expansion interlaces to the outside world and an impressive list 01 accessories is planned. Atari will soon be releasing a IOOOK (ma) air, inch disk drive, and a ISMB hard disk storage system as well as a mass storage compact disk lCD) player capable ol storing an entire 20 volume encyclopedia on one disk. A lull range of inexpensive printers are dot matrix. daisywheel and thermal colour printers. with its planned including unbeatable graphics. speed and software at a price which is tar below that of any comparable personal computer currently on the market, the ST is all set to do battle with the competition. To receive lurther details oi the ST lrorrl Silica snop, just ?ll in the coupon below with your name and address details and post it to us.

5°“ m'" “M “saw"

£595'VAT

'" °’

Price at complete system lac

The power at the ST is harnessed and made user lriendly by the new operating system GEM irom Digital Research. GEM stands for Graphics Envrronment Manager and allows a user triendiy colour or am graphics interlace which closely resembles that ol the Macintosh. This similarity extends to the use of moveable resizeabla windows. icons to represent objects such as disks and disk drives, and the use oi pull down menus and a mouse. The advantage at all this is that the computer becomes lor the Acorn. ACT, Atari. extremely easy to use. GEM has now been implemented IBM, ICL, and Olivetti. Software written lot GEM on one computer should also run on another computer. This will enable the market to quickly produce a under‘GEM at standard software. interchangeable large library

NO-axtra £95

HSN'VAT

£749.00 nil: prlca Includes:

B/ W MONITOR 500K 3.5 ” DISK DRIVE *KEYBOARD (95 KEYS) * *

—

"The electronica in the machine are aworir or art. The heart ol the 52051 is a Motorola asooo, one at the moat powerlul tech processors around and in many respect: it is close to “than the machine loo-m m the show. who l 32-bit ch-v I‘ll be at the tram end or the queue to buy one." pm, Bright JUN ”65 venom com! wonui

mm mm," mummy m" m nimble. m . ”cue. Inlt git/gs a prolasalonll impression my 23rd tees POPULAR COMPUTING wssxu m

(m,

57,

u”,

the

"This mom” in liamlicanllv more ppweriui than an IBM Pc it's possible to delignaluro-Iire winning machma.thisia :.,”II PEIIONAI. comma news May tlth lass It

the use ol GEM makes the new range ol Atari compulera (truth! to the Macrntosh (with the added attraction at wiw,yyn.rm m “may Dem, “tied -J.c.,m°...,,-_w c“ u no May 2mm” so

" k

have seen "The Alan st is one at the meet elegant designs Atari has used an orlglnll and elegant method ol memory managemritwhrch should makcthesr taster than any other TM 64k dollar no on the market in any price aiecker gum.“ .. would gr, our “4 ”and mom, to, any; To which the only answer i! 'Try and stop ma!‘ J°"" “m" ”V ‘985 “Em-“mm. ‘ WWW'“ l

"The szostiatechnicaliy excellent "‘° "9“ "'"‘"° W "m" “M" ""

ATARI SPEGIRLISTS

“Mg“

The

52057

M “9”

hardware ~

'°‘"‘ °°"'“

SILICA SHOP LTD, 1-4 The Mews, Haiherley Road, Sidcup, Kent, DA14 4DX I I

E.) I

SEND FOR FREE AIARI '

ATARI

At Silica we have been successlully dedicatedto Atari ever since their productsfirst appeared on the UK which we practice and to the user market. We can attribute our success largely to the Atari speCiaIisatlon that when you buy a piece of Atari hardware at Silica you vvlll be fully back—up we provide. Rest assured supported.Our mailings giving news of soltware releases and developmentswill keep you up to date with the Atari market and our technical support team and sales stall are at the end oi the telephoneline to OI bias. we aim to keep stocks deal with your problems and supply your every need. With our spemallst We also stock a wtde range at all the available Atari hardware. soltware, peripherals and accessories. American Atari Atari dedicated books and through us. the owners on our list can subscribe to several as dedicatedmagazines. We can provtdea lull servtce to all Atari owners and are now lirmly established Here are lust some at the things we can olier to our customers. the UK's NUMBER ONE Atari speClaIlsts * FREE POST & PACKING ON MAIL ORDERS ll you would like to be registered on our rrtalllng Ilsl as art Atari computer owner, or a: a person * FREE NEXT DAY SECURICOR DELIVERY Interested In buying an Atari machine, let us * INFORMATION MAILING SERVICE know. We will be pleased lo keepyou up lo dale w TECHNICAL SUPPORT TEAM with new Atari developmentsfree of charge. So, * HIGHLY COMPETITIVE PRICES return the coupon today and begin experiencing * AFTER SALES SUPPORT SERVICE Atari servlca lhal I: second to none. a speciallsl * REPAIR SERVICE ON ATARI PRODUCTS

SILICA ?/ a

‘

"°' " "°' "km”

PSI

any-atom

“Var/u”:

“The new Atari ST computers truly represent to the consumer what Jack Trlmtel is saying easy-to—uae computing power withol? (It. 91“ ANALOG COMPUTING MJICI’l lm

J‘ ARE THE “K's "01 iii-ll

w “13—— “mm“mm“mm “_— “_‘2M

mu”

FREE SOFTWARE AND

(GEM) axlramly any to use Ms w-l vary with the way in which it diagram the untnarldly lmproaaad " and operating ayatlrru lurking under the aurtaca hardware PERSONAL cowl-sit wonto PolarBrlght retirees round

mummy3mm

"The team yenion running pritn. Atan eaooo machinaa will oi lnvmv "it PC "mm have the additional count-co " liar-dine April eth teas uncut. COWS! limits It WW“

_—_-E‘ Number ol keyboard _“ Cursor contr°| Key,“ Function “Y! _“n-?_——-m_mm WEE-mm:ma” ___-“ zumz: °:° 0°"I‘ph:°s 0“ _um M“ S‘f‘“ “5mm” IP'N'SI _m

“°‘“'°“

'°"°°"“’“"

“I

Disk

foam. _——-m _m-"°° ’°'“° _nmm-

prim"

P ° n °°mf°il=f 9900839“ Hard Disk DMA lntertace

”0va

see video Output

"At-rl'u new corner"lmntie l! ?n Woman/0 low C0“ to mirror computer maker ll lik-lv thallol commodore where MI Tllmml Billblllhed "to mull“ IhlI Buslness I! WIF. “W" 21" w“ n uncut. "a“ "This is tha only personal oompullr know oi that comes with a Midi mle?lu as standard." March less meow comma worm: Peter anght

Serial Port Cem’anics Parallel

on (cotnplctlnardiac) Dotmatfixao/wtnel pmtnnsladr) Th-rntaldotmeaix (coloiir)

° (m ' tied I

MW“

450x167x28

m— mm“ —_m AC" M m””-ZE-_-Em “__ “a“ YES “_m-

_“m-zz-

use - Loco-use Mariya-sail soon nominate-rum w W

Nma.5amdmmmnmmmm

hsziz

mutt

uncuaccs

gm“mgr-35mm”

ill/z" D/Drlv °

”P

Replaceable External Power Pack Cartri do eSocket Joystick Ports

milder-r

aria

WW“

amen

[Em—m ~l-_i_-T_:1-

31];

mmzlmmmnt Nun-ac it “m“! mm

m?w?m. m??mwumi “mama“,

KEYBOARD

VARIOUS W

tit-Mm

Separate keyboard microprocessor standard owemtypewrit-rstyling _

URI-09°

m?z?w Dammi’fz")

mortar

(mkm- W""micM"

WW I“ M

, V

keys

"WM“,XMMNMM

addlaontoanetsa oar-rater Slurlhlrlouencyandvolmoontrola Dvmm-c-mlop-conlmb,

Poirot-onwardcow-«or

WM BASIC“"7

Wm mm,mmwm.wim me avoiuelchahnalal inmahapinomridin Sound

m’u'mmma'mmmwm

with GEM PAlNl'graphlca mgmtaymm andGEM WRITE wordprocmor

SOUND AND MUSIC

exist“ 230“:

zxzm‘grkmm

meusm?i’mma?zw

W“W"'°'°¢ucme

GEM WIMP ENVIRONMENT

5l_2K

aw D/DrivelUniormatted)

SOFTWARE

interlac-

Due)

but truth a bigger screen. a far Apple Macmtosh cursor and iunctum keys. and colour, Thai l“IB- "CGDI IDYM Import-m "HMS“ We“: gr‘eftllfixm,“ e in mine n 77“ or. about the Whine ° ° "I“ gr; $11ng“I" Df'?-a "to

”thyme“"19 kewqi “I" 52057}!

Floppydiskoonlldhy(mplgi?)

mmwmmcmw 1m. mm? “IDs-Tm Durant-low Ataris arr-system neutron cP/Arearr with "WWW 5mm“, nos WWW SM Mil-u programs to runurynmdwdaos <3st

moan-coho

Flt Ml?

(“mm

GEM m?mm

STORAGE

mnwmm‘m‘u

Price Includes a/w Monitor Keyboard size mm Keyboard size in, (um...)

‘

IcorialPulldohammortua/V?ndowa GEM VD, _VM m lm GEM AES-Applicnlori Erwimnmemm can ear-alt Block Trans1er Real time clock a calendar

eights: bit address register: I5ttltdatabus/24bitaddreaebul levels or interrupts/u Instructions it addresslhq moose/s datarypsa

CD (Corrie-ct

(wrung-mo upaiamlzfotJ‘rzmm ”P" WW,”

2ioysticlt ports (on lorzbutton mom.) MIDI attenuator-name mau‘c aynthuizara

a“;

“mummies

for

Eglalggnwsfmu Mam"am Mm

ARCHITECTUR ‘ _

int-rim

parallel

aif?r‘nmm? mm,

low/Mum... green“ blue

512wlwnnaihbioln a meta olaech in red.

DATA

MM“(

couuumca?ous

GRAPHICS

Willi"! I

blower keyboard

mem?m??-mei 9 MW". "5. “mm" " a.“ imam “I” “m

individually addrmammait—rhappad screen with 3201200

VIDEO PORTS

stzknm (524m

Under the new leadership ol Jack Tramiel (lermer boss and lounder ol Commodore Business Machines), Atari Corporation have marked their entry into the world oi business/personal computers with a machine which leaves the competition standing. Tramiel's slogan ‘Povvar Without the Price' has been implemented in the manulacture ol the new 512K Atari 5205T colour computer which otters the user amazingly high at an incredibly low price Launched as e work-station. this new system performance seven software packages as well as the 52051 computer with 512K RAM, incorporates mouse controller. monitor (640x400). 95 key keyboard high resolution monochrome 15 numeric MIDI and 1 500K inch disk drive, an GEM (with intertace, key keypad), av. lot the package price at only £651.30 («VAT £749). Dubbed the ‘Mac beaten and the ‘Jackintosh' (after Atari's Chiel, Jack Tramial), Atari's new machine has been directly Compared with the Apple Macintosh RR? £2595 (tVAT £2985) which otters similar but at a much higher price. Favourebly reviewed by the UK's leaturea arid capabilities highly critical specialist computer press, the SZOST is likely to make a great impact in this country as a sophisticated or APPLE alternative to an IBM PC, APRICOT MACINTOSH. Unlike its overpriced competitors, the Atari SZOST can be linked up to a colour monitor to unleash a choice ol up to 512 colours. The addition at colour brings out the lull potential ol graphics packages such as GEM.

‘

‘---------------~ To:

Shop Ltd, Dept ATUS

Silica

I I I

Mr Mrs

THE

Inhials. '

Address

1055.1-4 The Mews. Hatheriey Road. Sidcup, Kent,

“E" Arlnl 5208]. Surname

DA14

40x

‘

GOMPUTER

l I I

I ‘

LI ERAI

?u was, or.» corvpute' i‘sc hols." are dcycucww

' '

74a,»

“use

i“

’

;

7,31.

‘

7”

w-“M’

///

/’

An easy—t0_use

Spreadsheet

enjoying the benefits of the user

friendly GHQ;

SyStem Wlth “3

presentation.

W‘—

//'/ 4,//

o o

4,4

\\//

‘f

/4‘ /““ ?f"

<6“,

(//

M”

\\\~\D“S”

//.

g 3 .,. wee 1T” .

4“

//// ..

A superb range of STware mcludmg: .

"73‘

myé?} M s

’

”$4

Twig;

‘i

cuff

, ,

’R “by? “2&5 é,

professwnal package combines full use of the ST’s large RAM capacity with its fast processmg speed and facilitates easy data transfer with the KUMA word-processing, database and communications packages. .

‘ "i

Available from your ST-Dealer

(5,7

;

‘

‘ ‘

9I ’

j 1

GEt dOWI'I tO bUSIness Wlth Kuma flrst Off the mark for the ST ~

f .

328“: é?

—

1 1 l I Eggzsé'fffffflffffff:IiffffIf:ffffZfffff.’fIf:ffffIfffffZ??ffffff ??i?x??iz 5213331: 333323:3537

Please send further details of the Kuma Atari range

ff:fffffffffifffff:fIffffiffi."iffffffffffffIf:fff'BHEHéffffffffffff Iowna

computerl

L -"£’92q?e?°?m—5M_”5_ J