SANC TUM N360 ©™ SPECIAL EDITION LINDA RESTREPO CYBER SECURITY, AI, EXPONENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ISSN 2833 -0455 INNER VECTOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Cutting through the clutter. As professionals, we’ve all heard the terms Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning and Data Science. If Artificial Intelligence has you confused, you have just joined the ranks of many Corporate and Government organizations. Several studies have indicated that the CSuite is having problems overcoming its distrust of AI. Unlocking the full power of AI is no easy task, but it’s essential to surviving and thriving now and in the future.
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4 It is critical for us to at least know the basics, but most of us are not prepared to delve into a theoretical level that incorporates lots and lots of math whether you know C, C , Java, Python, or some other programming language. All are relevant of course, but not required if you aren’t going to be an expert in linear algebra, probability, or statistics. So let’s approach it from a basic standpoint. Artificial Intelligence is relevant due to the huge volume of data produced daily. It is estimated that 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are produced a day by an organization that is on a growth pattern.
4 TrainINTELLIGENCE:ARTIFICIALABehavior TrainLEARNING:MACHINEASystem DEEPTrainLEARNING:AModel OVERVIEW OF AI, ML and DP 5
Data is a problem solver, it tracks the performance of organizations and individuals, and better data makes for better choices and revenue generation. AI is one of the few technologies that can effectively handle this much Isinformation.AIsynonymous with the “Terminator” where it will probably attack us all? Maybe, but at least not in the near future. Al based systems can malfunction and hurt humans. Remember AI is a software program designed by humans and humans are fallible due to our physical, biological, mental, and mustGovernments,eventualityormissesMalwaremalwareAlso,characteristics.emotionalwhateverharmconventionalcando,AIcanhelpdoitbetter.TheinevitableormalfunctionofsoftwareinthisscenarioAISystemsisanforwhichindividuals,andCorporationsprepare. SCIENCEDATA
IntelligenceArtificialAI • Reactive Machines • Limited Memory • Theory of Mind • Self-awareness LearningMachineML • Supervised Learning • Unsupervised Learning • Reinforcement Learning LearningDeepDP • Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) • Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) • Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) • Deep Belief Network (DBN) 6
AI is premised on two factors: a core algorithm written by humans and training data developed by humans that inform how those algorithms modify themselves to improve or adapt their performance. Humans are the definitive word here.
AI, machine learning, deep learning, and data sciences are all related but are not synonyms. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a broad based concept covering relationships between a wide range of related concepts, it gives a machine the ability to imitate human behavior.
9 Post-deployment, AI encounters “real world” data which can be implemented to inform and advance its performance. Therefore various versions of the same pre release AI can and will radically differ when they adapt to different users. What we are now dealing with is some badass itsthathavefunctionsrewritesintelligenceBasedboth.toassoftwareartificialtoEachreleasecorruptionsolutionASURPRISE,software.SURPRISE“bornbad”artificialintelligenceentersthemainstream.Thiscanhappenpreorpostonpurposeorbymistake.circumstanceof“bornbad”leadsadifferentbreedofmaliciousintelligence.MaliciousorMalwarecanbedefined“softwaredesignedtocauseharmcomputersystems,humanusers,oronthefactthatartificialisevolvedsoftwarethatitselfovertime,acquiringnewornewobjectives,wenowanartificialintelligencesystemcanevolveharmfulbehaviorsonown! 8
Deep Learning (DL) uses complex algorithms and deep neural networks to repetitively train a specific model or pattern. It learns how the human mind works in specific scenarios, and then can actually improve itself at performing the task better than humans. Magic? Technology!No. We all love AI because it's well "so human" and so mysterious in that there tends to be very little information for users to understand how it works and what it means to us. Add to that the fact that like many of us AI has an issue of "catastrophic forgetting" or the tendency for AI to entirely forget information it previously knew. Finally similar to many humans AI lacks common sense. It will not accept logical conclusions based on everyday knowledge. Two major areas of concern arise: the technical problem of direct control of AI, ensuring the AI system does want we want it to do and the governance problem of social control to assure advanced AI systems are consistent with society’s objectives. A monster has now been created, which without the consent or intent of its developers can now become malicious. Remember AI gives us no explanation of what it does.
10 As we move forward, you can see how it is possible for us to enter the infamous black hole so strong that nothing or no one can escape … I'm pretty sure you and I agree that we might create a nightmare without an end. Machine Learning (ML) is the application of AI into a system or machine, which helps it to self learn and improve continually. ML utilizes algorithms to process, learn and make sense of or predict the pattern of available data. The machine is thus trained by using the data and algorithms which gives it the ability to perform the task and now it has the ability to apply what it has learned while allowing it to evolve continuously.
11 Identifies relevant data sets and prepares them for analysis Chooses the type of deep algorithmlearningtouse Trains algorithm on large amount of labeled data Tests the learningwhetherproblemsUnderstandsperformancemodel’sagainstunlabeleddataanddeepisagoodfit 1 2 3 54PROCESSLEARNINGDEEPTHE 10
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AI, ML and DL are evolving continuously so as we speak there are new definitions and capabilities associated with each one of them; they are by no means stagnant. We are using a “basic” Venn diagram to demonstrate the relationships between the technologies. We start with Artificial Intelligence in the green circle and proceed to machine learning as a strict subset of AI. Machine learning involves large data sets which are utilized to train programs to perform the necessary task. At its heart, machine learning is the task of making computers more intelligent without explicitly teaching them how to behave. It does so by identifying patterns in data and applying the learning without the help of human intervention. Heavy duty Machine learning involves deep learning.
Summing it up, AI helps to create smart intelligent machines, ML helps to build AI driven applications. DL is a subset of ML; it trains a specific model by leveraging complex algorithms for large volumes of data. Artificial intelligence (AI) aims to mimic the functions of the human brain using computers. It uses mathematical and statistical models (e.g., probability) to do so. Machine learning (ML) improves the behavior of AI models using programming models of brain functions and storing the results of these models for future predictions. Genetic algorithms improve deep learning models.
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DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION AND INNOVATION, HUMAN HEALTH EDUCATIO AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION RESTREPOLINDA EXPONENTIAL CYBERSECURITYTECHNOLOGIES
ImplementationResearch,Management
multidisciplinarydefenseresearch
Linda Restrepo is Director of Education and Innovation Human Health Education and Research Foundation. She is a recognized Women in Technology Leader Cybersecurity and Artificial Restrepo'sIntelligence.expertise also includes Exponential Technologies, Computer Algorithms, of Complex Human machine Systems. Interstellar exploration and Mars Human Habitats; Global Economic Impacts Research. Restrepo is President of a global government and military and strategic development firm. She has directed Corporate Technology Commercialization through the US National Laboratories. Emerging Infectious Diseases, Restrepo is also the Chief Executive Officer of Professional Global Outreach. Restrepo has advanced degrees from The University of Texas and New Mexico State University.
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